CLUP COMPLETION April 4 2014 VOLUME 3 PDF

Comprehensive Land Use Plan VOLUME 3
1
Republic of the Philippines
House of Representatives
Lone District of Lapu-Lapu
Office of the Congresswoman
MESSAGE
As we move toward an era characterized by challenges

to achieve to achieve economic growth, we look at resources available
and and grab every opportunity to optimize their usage.
One of the biggest potentials is land use.
Lapu-Lapu City has vast resources that can certainly

boost vital industries which in turn will
help build a strong economy. A relevant part of local and
legislative efforts will be anchored on these areas primarily
to attract significant investments.
Industries such as Tourism, Agriculture, Educational/ Health Services/Human

Resources Facilities will be at the core of all development efforts. This is in
order to realize our dream of becoming the “Center of Excellence” in terms of
overall growth not only in the Visayas Region but also nationally and even
globally.
I enjoin everyone to support all efforts to capitalize on these available

resources as every Oponganon living today as well as in future generations
will surely enjoy the fruits of this development
I join you as we fly high towards this great dream.
AILEEN C. RADAZA
Congresswoman
Tel. Nos. 340-7355; 341-12390 Telefax: 340-0656 www.lapulapucity.gov.ph
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER CONTENTS PAGE
PRELIMINARY PAGES …………………………………………..… 2
MESSAGE……………………………………………………….. 2
Table of Contents……………………………….……………... 3
List of Maps……………………………………………………. 8
List of Figures…………………………………………………. 12
List of Tables………………………………………………… …. 13
SECTORAL STUDIES……………….……………………………….. 21
1. DEMOGRAPHY………………………………………………….. 21
1.1 Population Composition………………………………… 21
Total Population By Age-Group and Sex……………… 21
Age-Dependency Ratio………………………………….. 24
1.2 Population Distribution………………………………….. 25
Population Density………………………………………. 25
Hierarchy of Settlements/Barangay..………………….. 28
1.3 Population Changes……………………………………… 28
Historical Growth of Population……………………….. 28
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
1.4 Other Population Characteristics………………………. 29
Educational Attainment………………………………… 29
Marital Status…………………………………………… 30
Mother Tongue/Ethnicity……………………………… 31
Religious Affiliation……………………………………. 32
Literacy Rate…………………………………………….. 33
Labor Force……………………………………………… 34
Population Projections and Estimates……………………….. 34
Projected Population…………………………………… 34
Projected Households…………………………………. 36
Projected Density……………………………………….. 36
Projected Labor Force………………………………….. 38
2. PHYSICAL/ENVIRONMENT…………………………….……. 40
2.1 Geographic Location……………………………………. 40
2.2 Climate…………………………………………………… 45
Type of Climate………………………………………… 45
Rainfall…………………………………………………… 47
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Prevailing Wind Direction……………………………. 47
Tides and Current…………………………………….. 49
Trends in Tropical Cyclones…………………………. 49
2.3 Topography……………………………………………. 52
2.4 Slope…………………………………………………….. 53
2.5 Soil……………………………………………………….. 54
2.6 Land Capability………………………………………. 55
2.7 Surface Drainage……………………………………… 56
2.8 Hydrogeology………………………………………… 58
Types of Bedrock Formation………………………… 58
2.9 Natural Risks and Hazards Areas………………….. 60
Flooding Hazards…………………………………….. 60
Erosion Potentials……………………………………. 61
Storm Surge Occurrence…………………………….. 63
Landslide Prone Areas……………………………….. 65
Landslide and Flood Susceptibility Areas………… 66
Ground Failure/Collapse Prone Areas……………. 68
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
3. SOCIAL SECTOR……………………………………………. 70
3.1 Housing……………………………………………….. 70
3.2 Health…………………………………………………. 82
3.3 Education…………………………………………….. 105
3.4 Protective Services………………………………….. 122
3.5 Sports and Recreation……………………………… 141
3.6 Social Welfare………………………………………. 146
Integrated Social Sector Analysis Matrix………… 154
4. ECONOMIC SECTOR……………………………………… 164
4.1 Industry……………………………………………… 164
4.2 Commerce and Trade……………………………… 184
4.3 Agriculture…………………………………………. 204
4.4 Forestry…………………………………………….. 214
4.5 Tourism…………………………………………….. 219
Integrated Economic Sector Analysis Matrix….. 237
5. INFRASTRUCTURE AND UTILITIES SECTOR……… 248
5.1 Transportation……………………………………. 248
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
5.2 Power……………………………………………… 265
5.3 Water………………………………………………. 272
5.4 Communication………………………………….. 277
5.5 Solid Waste Management……………………….. 284
Integrated Infrastructure and Utilities Sector

Analysis Matrix…………………………………… 292
7
LIST OF MAPS
NO. TITLE PAGE
1. Population Density Map……………………………………. 27
2. Map of the Philippines……………………………………… 41
3. Regional Map………………………………………………… 42
4. City Map……………………………………………………… 43
5. Administrative Boundary Map……………………………. 44
6. Climate Map………………………………………………….. 46
7. Prevailing Wind Direction Map……………………………. 48
8. Frequency of Tropical Cyclone Passage Map……………. 51
9. Topographic Map……………………………………………. 52
10. Slope Map…………………………………………………….. 53
11. Soil Map………………………………………………………. 54
12. Land Capability Map………………………………………… 55
13. Surface Drainage Map……………………………………….. 56
14. Natural Waterway Map……………………………………… 57
15. Ground Failure/Collapse Prone Areas Map………………. 59
16. Flooding Hazard Map……………………………………….. 61
17. Erosion Potentials Map……………………………………… 62
8
LIST OF MAPS
NO. TITLE PAGE
18. Historical Storm Surge Occurrence in the Philippines

Map……………………………………………………………. 63
19. Storm Surge Occurrence Map……………………………… 64.
20. Landslide and Flood Susceptibility Map…………............. 65
21. Landslide and Flood Susceptibility Map…………………. 66
22. Landslide and Flood Susceptibility Map…………………. 67
23. Indicative Map of Ground Failure/Collapse Prone

Areas of Region VII (Limestone Underlain Zones)…….. 68
24. Ground Failure/Collapse Prone Areas Map……………. 69
25. Subdivision Locator Map………………………………….. 77
26. Apartelle and Pension Houses Locator Map……………. 78
27. Health Center Locator Map………………………………. 92
28. Hospitals Locator Map…………………………………….. 93
29. Cemeteries and Memorial Garden Locator Map………. 94
30. Elementary Schools Locator Map………………………… 114
31. High Schools Locator Map………………………………… 115
32. Education Facilities Map…………………………………… 116
33. College and Technical Schools Locator Map…………….. 117
9
LIST OF MAPS
NO. TITLE PAGE
34. Military Reserve Facility and Utility Zone………………. 133
35. Fire Stations Locator Map………………………………….. 134
36. City Jail Locator Map……………………………………….. 135
37. Sports and Recreation Facilities Locator Map…………… 143
38. Day Care Centers Locator Map……………………………. 150
39. Social Welfare Facilities Map……………………………… 151
40. Industrial Companies Locator Map………………………. 175
41. Commercial Establishments Locator Map………………. 189
42. Shopping Centers Locator Map…………………………… 190
43. Hotels and Resorts Locator Map………………………….. 191
44. Entertainment Establishments Locator Map……………. 192
45. Banks Locator Map…………………………………………... 193
46. Dive Shops Locator Map……………………………………. 194
47. Cockpits Locator Map………………………………………. 195
48. Satellite Markets Locator Map……………………………… 196
49. Gasoline Stations Locator Map……………………………… 197
50. Marine Sanctuaries Locator Map.…………………………... 216
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LIST OF MAPS
NO. TITLE PAGE
51. Mangrove Areas Map……………………………………… 217
52. Road Network Map………………………………………... 257
53. Bridges and Skywalks Locator Map……………………… 258
54. Jeepney Terminals and Wharfs Locator Map…………… 259
55. Power Facilities Map………………………………………. 268
56. Communication Facilities Map…………………………… 280
57. MRF Locator Map…………………………………………… 288
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LIST OF FIGURES
NO. TITLE PAGE
1. Age-Sex Pyramid of Household Population……………… 24
2. Trends of Tropical Cyclones in the Philippines…………... 50
3. Crude Birth Rate and Crude Death Rate per 1,000 Pop…. 85
4. Infant Mortality Rate and Maternal Mortality Rate

Per 1,000 LB…………………………………………………… 85
5. Nature of Waste Generated…………………..……………… 284
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LIST OF TABLES
TABLE NO. NAME OF TABLE PAGE
1. Population By Barangay, ..………………………………… 22
2. Total Population, Household Population, and

Number of Households of Top 10 Barangays…………….. 23
3. Household Population by Age-Group and Sex and

Sex Ratio by Age-Group…………………………………….. 25
4. Population Density By Barangay…………………………… 26
5. Historical Growth of Population…………………………… 29
6. Household Population 5 Years Old and Over by

Highest Educational Attainment and Sex………………….. 30
7. Household Population 5 to 24 Years Old who were

Attending School By Sex and Age-Group………………….. 30
8. Household Population 10 Years Old and Over By

Marital Status and Sex………………………………………… 31
9. Household Population By Ethnicity………………………… 32
10. Household Population By Religious Affiliation By Sex….. 33
11. Literacy of Household Population 10 Years Old

and Over By Sex…………………………………………….. 34
12. Labor Force……………………………………………………. 31
13. Current and Projected Population Per Barangay…………. 35
14. Current and Projected Households…………………………. 36
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LIST OF TABLES
15. Projected Population Density By Barangay……………….. 37
16. Projected Labor Force ..………………………………….…. .. 39
17. Occupied Housing Units By Construction Materials

of the Roof and Outer Walls………………………………… 71
18. Informal Settlers Areas………………………………………. 71
19. Approved Residential Subdivisions……………………….. 72
20. Settlement Areas……………………………………………… 75
21. Inventory of Potential Lands for Housing…………………. 76
22. Housing Backlog……………………………………………… 79
23. Current and Projected Housing Needs…………………….. 80
24. Existing Hospitals, Classification and No. of Beds……….. 83
25. Comparative Statistical/Performance Indicators………….. 84
26. Ten Leading Causes of Morbidity Per 1,000 Pop…………… 86
27. Ten Leading Causes of Mortality Per 1,000 Pop…………... 87
28. Infant Mortality Leading Causes Per 1,000 LB…………….. 88
29. Maternal Mortality Leading Causes Per 1,000 LB………… 88
30. Existing Cemeteries and Memorial Parks…………………. 89
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LIST OF TABLES
31. Public Health………………………………………………… 100
32. Hospitals ..……………………………………………………. 101
33. Current and Projected Area Requirements for Burial

Grounds……………………………………………………….. 102
34. Schools By Level, Type, Facilities and Conditions……….. 105
35. Schools By Location, Level, Type and Offering…………… 106
36. Tertiary and Vocational/Technical Schools By Type

and Total Enrolment………………………………………….. 109
37. Student-Teacher and Student-Classroom Ratios By Level.. 110
38. Historical Enrolment By Level For the Last Three Years…. 111
39. Historical Enrolment Participation Rate For the Last

Three Years……………………………………………………. 112
40. Projected Classroom, Teacher Requirement in Public

Schools By Level……………………………………………… 119
41. Protective Services (PNP) By Facilities and Equipment…. 123
42. Protective Services (BFP) By Facilities and Equipment……. 124
43. Protective Services (BFP) By Facilities and Equipment…... 125
44. Crime Indices………………………………………………….. 127
45. Fire Incidence For the Last 5 Years…………………………. 129
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LIST OF TABLES
46. Current and Projected Requirements For Policemen……… 136
47. Current and Projected Requirements For Firemen………. 137
48. Historical Number of Population Served By Type

of Clientele System…………………………………………… 147
49. On-Going Programs and Projects…………………………… 148
50. Type of Industrial Activities…………………………………. 164
51. Number of Industries By Development Zone……………… 165
52. Location of Establishments By Barangay…………………… 166
53. Total Employment……………………………………………… 167
54. GNP Growth of ASEAN Countries………………………….. 168
55. GDP Projections for the Philippines…………………………... 169
56. Top Ten Exports of Central Visayas………………………….. 171
57. Central Visayas Export Value…………………………………. 172
58. Special Economic Zones, Name, Land Area and No. of

Locations………………………………………………………. 173
59. Ecozone Employment………………………………………… 173
60. Projected Employment……………………………………….. 176
61. Projected Ecozone Employment…………………………….. 177
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LIST OF TABLES
62. Projected Land Requirement

Special Economic Zone, Mactan Island…………………….. 181
63. Projected Demand-Supply Gap For

Industrial Land Economic Zone, Mactan Island………….. 181
64. Projected Land Requirement Outside Industrial Estate…. 182
65. Number and Type of Service Establishments……………… 185
66. Location of Hotels and Resorts……………………………… 186
67. Current Employment in the Service Sector…………………. 187
68. Projected Distribution of Employment By Sector…………. 200
69. Service Sector Land Requirement…………………………… 201
70. Agriculture Land Area……………………………………….. 205
71. Area Planted and Production………………………………... 205
72. Poultry Farms, Size of Farm and Production Level………. 206
73. Current Employment in the Service Sector………………… 207
74. Food Security Situation………………………………………. 210
75. Projected Distribution of Employment By Sector…………. 211
76. Projected Yearly Food Requirement (In MT)………………. 211
77. Projected Yearly Food Production-Requirement Gap……. 212
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LIST OF TABLES
78. Area and Location of A & D and Forest Lands……………. 214
79. Forest Lands…………………………………………………… 215
80. Tourist Attraction By Level of Appeal……………………… 220
81. Tourist Arrival, Domestic and Foreign…………………….. 221
82. Nationality of Tourists…………………..…………………… 222
83. Existing Number of Hotel and Resort Rooms…………….. 223
84. Existing Number of Hotel and Resort Rooms…………….. 224
85. Projected Room Requirements……………………………… 229
86. Projected Room Requirements……………………………… 229
87. Projected Hotel Room Requirements……………………… 230
88. Projected Tourist Arrivals……………………………………. 231
89. Projected Tourist Arrivals……………………………………. 231
90. Tourist Receipts (IN US DOLLARS)………………………… 232
91. Inventory of Roads By Systems Classification and

Type of Pavement……………………………………………. 249
92. Inventory of Bridges By Location, Type, Capacity

and Condition………………………………………………… 250
93. Inventory of Ancillary Road Facilities…………………….. 251

.
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LIST OF TABLES
94. Land Transportation Terminals By Location and

Condition………………………………………..……………. 252
95. Inventory of Public Land Transportation Vehicles

By Type and Service Routes…………………………………. 252
96. Other Modes of Transport and Facilities………………….. 254
97. Road Accidents By Nature, Location and Frequency

For the Past Two Years……………………………………… 255
98. Required Major Facility Proposed Mactan North

Reclamation Port…………………………………………….. 260
99. Mactan Cebu International Airport Projected

Passenger Traffic, Cargo Volume and Aircraft
Movement……………………………………………………. 261
100 Households Served and Unserved By Electricity……….. 266
101 Number of Connections By Type of Users and

Average Consumption (KWH/MO.)……………………… 266
102 Current and Projected Power Requirements By

Type of Connection (MW)…………………………………. 270
103 Sources of Water Supply…………………………………… 273
104 Current and Projected Water Requirements (lcpd)……… 275
105 Communication Services Facilities………………………. 278
106 Waste Generation By Source………………………………. 285
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LIST OF TABLES
107 Inventory of Waste Generation Equipment and

Personnel………………………………………..……………. 286
108 Current and Projected Waste Generation……………….. 289
109 Land Area Required for Sanitary Landfill……………….. 290
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SECTORAL STUDIES
1. DEMOGRAPHY
Data Analysis
1.1 Population Composition
Total Population By Age Group And Sex
The population of Lapu-Lapu City experienced an increasing trend

since the 1970 census to the last one undertaken in 2007. From a
population of 69,268 persons in 1970, it has increased to 292,530 in 2007.
In 2007, Lapu-Lapu City accounted for twelve percent of the total

population of Cebu Province.
Barangays Gun-ob, Pusok and Basak have the highest population at

29,824, 26,647 and 25,297, respectively. The islet Barangay of
Caohagan, on the other hand, has the lowest at 507.
The fastest growing barangays in terms of population are Babag, Ibo,

Buaya, Suba-Basbas, Basak and Canjulao, whose population count in
2007 increased by 72.70% to 157.82% from that of Year 2000. However,
a 24% drop in the total population count in Barangay Poblacion was
observed in 2007.
Please see Table 1 and Table 2.
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Table 1. POPULATION BY BARANGAY

Lapu-Lapu City
01 August 2007
POPULATION %
BARANGAY INCREASE
2000 2007
Agus 6,531 9,699 48.51

Babag 6,759 17,426 157.82
Bankal 7,414 10,555 42.37
Baring 2,377 2,934 23.43
Basak 14,449 25,297 75.08
Buaya 5,436 10,710 97.02
Calawisan 4,505 6,625 47.06
Canjulao 5,550 9,585 72.70
Caw-oy 1,438 1,582 10.01
Caohagan 390 507 30.00
Caubian 2,159 2,114 (2.08)
Gun-ob 29,542 29,824 0.95
Ibo 2,722 6,775 148.90
Looc 9,782 13,249 35.44
Mactan 15,342 19,889 29.64
Maribago 7,057 9,141 29.53
Marigondon 9,005 13,802 53.27
Pajac 9,423 14,061 49.22
Pajo 22,377 19,827 (11.40)
Pangan-an 1,724 1,723 (0.06)
Poblacion 11,225 8,486 (24.40)
Punta Engaño 6,330 6,313 (0.27)
Pusok 21,191 26,647 25.75
Sabang 4,275 4,424 3.49
Santa Rosa 2,870 3,751 30.70
Suba-basbas 2,698 4,943 83.21
Talima 4,260 4,945 16.08
Tingo 2,647 2,750 3.89
Tungasan 1,734 1,754 1.15
San Vicente 2,847 3,192 12.12
TOTAL 224,059 292,530 30.56
SOURCE: NSO, 2011
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Table 2. TOTAL POPULATION, HOUSEHOLD POPULATION, AND NUMBER OF

HOUSEHOLDS OF TOP 10 BARANGAYS
Lapu-Lapu City
2007
Of the 291,708 household population, 49.3 percent were males while

50.7 percent were females. This resulted to a sex ratio of 97 males for
every 100 females, higher than the sex ratio recorded in 2000 (96 males
per 100 females).
In 2007, the median age of the household population of the city was 22
years, which means that half of the household population were below
22 years old. This was one year higher compared to the median age of
21 years in 2000.
Age group 0 to 14 years comprised more than one third (34.3 percent)
of the household population, of which, children aged 0 to 4 years had
the largest share of 12.6 percent. The proportions of age groups 15 to 19
years (10.8 percent), 20 to 24 years (10.7 percent), and 25 to 29 years
(10.3 percent) were higher as compared to age group 10 to 14 years (10.0
percent). This was possibly brought about by in-migration of students
and workers from other localities. (Please see Figure 1 and Table 3.)
There were more males than females in age groups 0 to 14 years and 35
to 54 years, while females outnumbered their male counterparts in the
rest of the age brackets.
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Figure 1
SOURCE: NSO, 2010
The size of the voting-age population (18 years old and over) of Lapu-
lapu City in 2007 was 173,247, or 59.4 percent of the household
population. In 2000, the voting-age population was 123,545, or 57.2
percent of the household population. Females (51.7 percent)
outnumbered males (48.3 percent) in this particular segment of the
city’s population.
Age Dependency Ratio
About two-thirds (63.2 percent) of the household population belonged

to the working-age population (15 to 64 years). Young dependents
(under 15 years) comprised 34.3 percent, while old dependents (65
years and over) accounted for only 2.6 percent.
The overall dependency ratio for Lapu-lapu City in 2007 was 58.3,
down from 65.5 in 2000. This means that for every 100 persons in the
working-age population in 2007, there were 58 dependents (54 young
and 4 old dependents). Please see Table 3.
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Table 3. HOUSEHOLD POPULATION BY AGE GROUP AND SEX, AND SEX RATIO BY
AGE GROUP:
Lapu-Lapu City,
2007
1.2 Population Distribution
Population Density
Table 4 shows that Lapu-Lapu City has an average population density

of 46 persons per hectare in 2007, from a population density of 35 in
2000. The island Barangay of Caubian ranks first in terms of population
density with 243 persons per hectare. Barangay Calawisan, on the
other hand, has the lowest population density with only 7 persons per
hectare.
Please see Table 4 and Population Density Map.
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Table 4. POPULATION DENSITY BY BARANGAY

Lapu-Lapu City
2000 & 2007
DENSITY
AREA POPULATION (PERSONS/HA.)
BARANGAY (IN HAS.) 2000 2007 2000 2007
Agus 211.2025 6,531 9,699 31 46
Babag 307.1243 6,759 17,426 22 57
Bankal 200.8269 7,414 10,555 37 53
Baring 91.4423 2,377 2,934 26 32
Basak 603.1994 14,449 25,297 24 42
Buaya 271.4706 5,436 10,710 20 39
Calawisan 956.9963 4,505 6,625 5 7
Canjulao 155.8677 5,550 9,585 36 61
Caw-oy 42.2752 1,438 1,582 34 37
Caohagan 4.5249 390 507 86 112
Caubian 8.6853 2,159 2,114 249 243
Gun-ob 226.9183 29,542 29,824 130 131
Ibo 148.0964 2,722 6,775 18 46
Looc 104.2948 9,782 13,249 94 127
Mactan 495.2948 15,342 19,889 31 40
Maribago 283.1344 7,057 9,141 25 32
Marigondon 451.446 9,005 13,802 20 31
Pajac 258.8969 9,423 14,061 36 54
Pajo 154.0002 22,377 19,827 145 129
Pangan-an 46.065 1,724 1,723 37 37
Poblacion 35.518 11,225 8,486 316 239
Punta Engaño 218.3998 6,330 6,313 29 29
Pusok 153.341 21,191 26,647 138 174
Sabang 195.2796 4,275 4,424 22 23
Santa Rosa 283.4428 2,870 3,751 10 13
Suba-Basbas 165.721 2,698 4,943 16 30
Talima 168.2876 4,260 4,945 25 29
Tingo 96.2811 2,647 2,750 27 29
Tungasan 86.159 1,734 1,754 20 20
San Vicente 100.3054 2,847 3,192 28 32
TOTAL 6,424.1921 224,059 292,530 35 46
SOURCE:: NSO, 2011 and CPDO, 2011
26
27
Hierarchy of Settlements/Barangay
The City’s population in 2007 is about twelve percent of the total

population of Cebu province. Barangays Gun-ob, Pusok and Basak
have the highest population at 29,824, 26,647 and 25,297, respectively.
The Islet Barangay of Caohagan, on the other hand, has the lowest at
507.
1.3 Population Changes
Historical Growth of Population
The population of Lapu-Lapu City experienced an increasing trend

since the 1970 census to the last one undertaken in 2007. From a
population of 69,268 persons in 1970, it has increased to 292,530 in 2007.
The average annual growth rate of 4.20% during the 2000-2007 period
was far higher than that of the country, region, and Province of Cebu
which were pegged at 2.04%, 1.59% and 1.68%, respectively. It was also
higher compared to Mandaue City and Cebu City at 2.86% and 1.46%,
respectively.
In 2007, Lapu-Lapu City accounted for twelve percent of the total

population of Cebu Province. Please see Table 5.
28
Table 5. HISTORICAL GROWTH OF POPULATION

Lapu-Lapu City
1970 to 2007
LAPU-
CEBU CEBU MANDAUE REGION
YEAR LAPU PHILIPPINES
PROVINCE CITY CITY VII
CITY
1970 69,268 1,228,487 348,163 58,574

1980 98,723 1,490,731 488,255 110,043
1990 146,194 1,855,815 610,417 180,285
1995 173,744 1,890,357 662,299 194,745 5,014,588 68,616,536
2000 217,019 2,160,569 718,821 259,728 5,706,953 76,506,928
2007 292,530 2,439,005 798,809 318,575 6,398,628 88,574,614
AAGR (%)
1970-1980 3.54% 1.93% 3.38% 6.31%
1980-1990 4.00% 2.21% 2.23% 4.94%
1990-1995 3.29% 2.01% 1.54% 1.46%
1995-2000 4.88% 2.90% 1.77% 6.36% 2.81% 2.36%
2000-2007 4.20% 1.68% 1.46% 2.86% 1.59% 2.04%
SOURCE: NSO, 2011
1.41 Other Population Characteristics
Educational Attainment
Approximately 31 percent of the household population 5 years old and

over had attended or completed elementary education, 36.9 percent had
reached or finished high school, 9.0 percent were college
undergraduates, and 8.6 percent were academic degree holders.
Meanwhile, there were more male academic degree holders (50.4

percent) than females (49.6 percent). The same was true among those
with post baccalaureate degrees (52.7 percent males and 47.3 percent
females).
Almost three-fifths (56.9 percent) of the household population 5 to 24

years old had attended school during School Year 2007 to 2008. School
attendance was higher among males (50.5 percent) than females (49.5
percent) during said school year.
29
Table 6. HOUSEHOLD POPULATION 5 YEAR OLD AND OVER BY HIGHEST

EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT AND SEX:
Lapu-Lapu City
2007
Table 7. HOUSEHOLD POPULATION 5 TO 24 YEARS OLD WHO WERE ATTENDING

SCHOOL BY SEX AND AGE GROUP:
Lapu-Lapu City
2007
Marital Status
Of the household population 10 years old and over, 45.4 percent were
never-married while 44.2 percent were married. The proportion of
married persons in 2007 was lower than the corresponding proportion
in 2000 (45.6 percent). On the other hand, the proportions for the rest of
the categories for marital status showed increases from their
corresponding proportions in 2000. Females outnumbered their male
counterparts in all categories for marital status.
Please see Table 8.
30
Table 8. HOUSEHOLD POPULATION 10 YEARS OLD AND OVER BY MARITAL STATUS

AND SEX:
Lapu-Lapu City
2007
Mother Tongue/Ethnicity
Of the No. of Household Population by Ethnicity in 2000, Cebuano has

the most no. with 200,798. This was followed by Bisaya/Binisaya with
5,453., and Tagalog with 1,301. There were other several Mother
Tongues with smaller Household Population distributed within the
city.
Please see Table 9.
31
Table 9.HOUSEHOLD POPULATION BY ETHNICITY

Lapu-Lapu City
2000
ETHNICITY BOTH SEXES MALE FEMALE

Akeanon/Aklanon 105 52 53
Bikol/Bicol 237 118 119
Bisaya/Binisaya 5,453 2,489 2,964
Boholano 1,860 766 1,094
Cebuano 200,798 98,655 102,143
Davaweno 239 106 133
Hiligaynon/Ilonggo 1,053 484 569
Ilocano 192 110 82
Kankanai/Kankaney/Kankanaey 468 211 257
Kiniray-a 809 365 444
Maranao 789 352 437
Masbateno/Masbatenon 185 89 96
Surigaonon 405 192 213
Tagalog 1,301 674 627
Waray 313 137 176
Zamboangeno-Chavacano 105 52 53
Other Local Ethnicity 1,149 545 604
Chinese 48 23 25
American/English 35 24 11
Other Foreign Ethnicity 74 56 18
Not Reported 427 205 222
TOTAL 216,045 105,705 110,340
SOURCE: NSO, 2000
Religious Affiliation
As per NSO Report for 2000, the dominant religious affiliation in the
City was the Roman Catholic Church with 203,160. This was followed
by the United Church of Christ in the Philippines with 2,541, and
Evangelicals with 2,329.
The smallest religious affiliation was Tribal Religions with 6,

Association of Baptist Churches in Luzon, Visayas and Mindanao with
8, and United Methodist Church with 13.
Please Table 10.
32
Table 10. HOUSEHOLD POPULATION BY RELIGIOUS AFFILIATION, BY SEX

Lapu-Lapu City
2000
RELIGIOUS AFFILIATION BOTH SEXES MALE FEMALE

Roman Catholic 203,160 99,430 103,730
Aglipayan 79 28 51
Islam 999 452 547
Iglesia ni Cristo 1,223 607 616
United Church of Christ in the Philippines 2,541 1,280 1,261
Lutheran Church in the Philippines 100 46 54
Philippine Episcopal Church 30 13 17
Iglesia Evangelista Methodista en Las Filipinas 66 29 37
United Methodist Church 13 8 5
Other Methodist 29 15 14
Salvacion Army, Philippines 26 12 14
Convention of the Philippines Baptist Church 237 119 116
Other Protestant 666 353 313
Buddhist 105 57 48
Church of Jesus Christ of the Latter Day Saints 1,043 497 546
Jehovah’s Witness 672 307 365
Philippine Benevolent Missionaries Association 29 15 14
Seventh Day Adventist 841 419 422
Evangelicals 2,329 1,135 1,194
Bible Baptist 403 193 210
Southern Baptist 44 19 25
Association of Baptist Churches in Luzon, Visayas 8 6 2
and Mindanao
Association of Fundamental Baptist Church in the 70 34 36
Philippines
International Baptist Missionary Fellowship - - -
Missionary Baptist Churches of the Philippines 22 9 13
Other Baptist 63 33 30
Tribal Religions 6 2 4
Others 897 405 492
None 59 27 32
Unknown 285 155 130
TOTAL 216,045 105,705 110,340
SOURCE: NSO, 2000
Literacy Rate
In 2000, the No. of Household Population 10 Years Old and Over was
159,587 or 73.87 %. Of this no. the Literates were 152,373 or 70.53%,
while the Illiterates were 7,214 or 3.34%
The Literacy Rates were computed to be 95.45% for the Males, 95.50%
for the Females, and 95.48 for Both Sexes.
Please see Table 11.
33
Table 11. LITERACY OF HOUSEHOLD POPULATION 10 YEARS OLD AND OVER BY SEX
Lapu-Lapu City
2000
MALE FEMALE BOTH SEXES

NO. % NO. % NO. %
Population 10 Years Old and Over 76,713 35.51% 82,874 38.36% 159,587 73.87%
Literate 73,227 33.89% 79,146 36.63% 152,373 70.53%
Literacy Rate (%) 95.45% 95.50% 95.48%
Illiterate 3,486 1.61% 3,728 1.72% 7,214 3.34%
TOTAL 105,705 48.93% 110,340 51.07% 216,045 100%
SOURCE: NSO, 2000
Labor Force
In the 2007 census, Lapu-Lapu City had an estimated Labor Force of

184,232 equivalent to 63% of the total population. By the year 2011 the
City’s labor force is 218,599.
Table 12: LABOR FORCE
GROUPINGS YEAR 2007 YEAR 2011
LABOR FORCE 184,232 218,599
SOURCE: NSO, 2010 and CPDO, 2011
Population Projections and Estimates
Projected Population
Table 13 below shows the projected population of the city for a period
of fourteen years using 2000 census as base year.
As shown in Table 13, the population in Lapu-Lapu City will increase

by 53% at the end of the planning period from year 2011. This is based
on the 4.20% average annual growth rate.
34
Table 13. CURRENT AND PROJECTED POPULATION PER BARANGAY

Lapulapu City
2011 - 2024
BARANGAY 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024
1 Agus 8,185 8529 8887 9260 9649 10054 10477 10917 11375 11853 12351 12870 13410 13973 14560
2 Babag 17,721 18465 19241 20049 20891 21768 22683 23635 24628 25662 26740 27863 29034 30253 31524
3 Bankal 13,802 14382 14986 15615 16271 16954 17666 18408 19182 19987 20827 21701 22613 23563 24552
4 Baring 3,014 3141 3272 3410 3553 3702 3858 4020 4189 4365 4548 4739 4938 5145 5362
5 Basak 45,927 47856 49866 51960 54143 56417 58786 61255 63828 66509 69302 72213 75246 78406 81699
6 Buaya 12,123 12632 13163 13716 14292 14892 15517 16169 16848 17556 18293 19061 19862 20696 21565
7 Calawisan 8,433 8787 9156 9541 9942 10359 10794 11248 11720 12212 12725 13259 13816 14397 15001
8 Canjulao 11,471 11953 12455 12978 13523 14091 14683 15299 15942 16612 17309 18036 18794 19583 20406
9 Caohagan 559 582 607 632 659 687 716 746 777 810 844 879 916 954 994
10 Caubian 2,028 2113 2202 2294 2391 2491 2596 2705 2818 2937 3060 3189 3323 3462 3608
11 Caw-oy 1,629 1697 1769 1843 1920 2001 2085 2173 2264 2359 2458 2561 2669 2781 2898
12 Gun-ob 34,662 36118 37635 39215 40862 42579 44367 46230 48172 50195 52304 54500 56789 59174 61660
13 Ibo 7,055 7351 7660 7982 8317 8666 9030 9410 9805 10217 10646 11093 11559 12044 12550
14 Looc 14,073 14664 15280 15922 16590 17287 18013 18770 19558 20380 21236 22127 23057 24025 25034
15 Mactan 29,262 30491 31772 33106 34496 35945 37455 39028 40667 42375 44155 46010 47942 49956 52054
16 Maribago 12,064 12571 13099 13649 14222 14819 15442 16090 16766 17470 18204 18969 19765 20595 21460
17 Marigondon 17,542 18279 19046 19846 20680 21549 22454 23397 24379 25403 26470 27582 28740 29947 31205
18 Pajac 16,084 16760 17463 18197 18961 19758 20587 21452 22353 23292 24270 25289 26352 27458 28612
19 Pajo 23,107 24077 25089 26142 27240 28385 29577 30819 32113 33462 34867 36332 37858 39448 41105
20 Pangan-an 1,767 1841 1919 1999 2083 2171 2262 2357 2456 2559 2666 2778 2895 3017 3143
21 Poblacion 8,243 8589 8950 9326 9718 10126 10551 10994 11456 11937 12438 12961 13505 14072 14663
22 Punta
7,106 7404 7715 8039 8377 8729 9096 9478 9876 10290 10723 11173 11642 12131 12641
Engaño
23 Pusok 26,568 27684 28847 30058 31321 32636 34007 35435 36923 38474 40090 41774 43528 45356 47261
24 Sabang 5,603 5838 6084 6339 6605 6883 7172 7473 7787 8114 8455 8810 9180 9565 9967
25 San Vicente 3,413 3556 3706 3861 4024 4193 4369 4552 4743 4942 5150 5366 5592 5827 6071
26 Sta. Rosa 3,934 4099 4271 4451 4638 4833 5035 5247 5467 5697 5936 6186 6445 6716 6998
27 Suba-basbas 5,457 5686 5925 6174 6433 6703 6985 7278 7584 7902 8234 8580 8941 9316 9707
28 Talima 4,855 5059 5271 5493 5723 5964 6214 6475 6747 7031 7326 7634 7954 8288 8636
29 Tingo 2,830 2949 3073 3202 3336 3476 3622 3775 3933 4098 4270 4450 4637 4831 5034
30 Tungasan 1,950 2032 2117 2206 2299 2395 2496 2601 2710 2824 2942 3066 3195 3329 3469
TOTAL 350,467 365187 380524 396506 413160 430512 448594 467435 487067 507524 528840 551051 574195 598312 623441
35
Projected Households
Using the Average Household Size of 4.5 as per NSO 2007, Table 14
shows the Current and Projected Households for the period 2011 to
2024. No. of Households for 2011 is 81,153. This is projected to become
138,542 Households in 2024.
Table 14. CURRENT AND PROJECTED HOUSEHOLDS

Lapu-Lapu City
2011-2024
YEAR POPULATION HOUSEHOLDS

2011 365,187 81,153
2012 380,524 84,561
2013 396,506 88,112
2014 413,160 91,813
2015 430,512 95,669
2016 448,594 99,688
2017 467,435 103,874
2018 487,067 108,237
2019 507,524 112,783
2020 528,840 117,520
2021 551,051 122,456
2022 574,195 127,599
2023 598,312 132,958
2024 623,441 138,542
SOURCE: NSO, 2007, CPDO Computations, 2011
NOTE: Computed with the Average Household Size of 4.5 as per NSO 2007
Projected Density
At the end of the planning period, Lapu-Lapu City will have a

population density of 91 persons per hectare. Total land area by this
time will have increased by 400 hectares with the completion and
operationalization of the Mactan North Reclamation Development
Project. This figure is 61% higher than the present population density.
36
Table 15. PROJECTED POPULATION DENSITY BY BARANGAY

Lapu-Lapu City
2009 - 2013
AREA
BARANGAY 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
(IN HAS.)
Agus 211.205 48 50 52 54 56 59
Babag 307.1243 59 62 64 67 70 73
Bankal 200.8269 55 57 59 62 65 67
Baring 91.4423 33 35 36 38 39 41
Basak 603.1994 44 46 47 49 52 54
Buaya 271.4706 41 43 45 47 48 50
Calawisan 956.9963 7 8 8 8 9 9
Canjulao 155.8677 64 67 70 72 76 79
Caw-oy 42.2752 39 41 42 44 46 48
Caohagan 4.5249 117 122 127 132 138 143
Caubian 8.6853 254 264 275 287 299 312
Gun-ob 226.9183 137 143 149 155 161 168
Ibo 148.0964 48 50 52 54 56 59
Looc 104.2948 132 138 144 150 156 163
Mactan 495.2948 42 44 45 47 49 51
Maribago 283.1344 34 35 37 38 40 41
Marigondon 451.446 32 33 35 36 38 39
Pajac 258.8969 57 59 61 64 67 70
Pajo 154.0002 134 140 146 152 158 165
Pangan-an 46.065 39 41 42 44 46 48
Poblacion 35.518 249 259 270 282 293 306
Punta Engaño 218.3998 30 31 33 34 36 37
Pusok 153.341 181 189 197 205 213 222
Sabang 195.2796 24 25 26 27 28 29
Santa Rosa 283.4428 14 14 15 16 16 17
Suba-Basbas 165.721 31 32 34 35 37 38
Talima 168.2876 31 32 33 35 36 38
Tingo 96.2811 30 31 32 34 35 37
Tungasan 86.159 21 22 23 24 25 26
San Vicente 100.3054 30 33 34 35 37 38
MNRDP 400.0000
TOTAL 6,824.1946 47 49 52 54 56 58
37
Table 15. PROJECTED POPULATION DENSITY BY BARANGAY

Lapu-Lapu City
2014 - 2024
AREA (IN
BARANGAY 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2024
HAS.)
Agus 211.205 61 64 67 69 72 75 78 83 69
Babag 307.1243 76 79 82 86 89 93 97 103 103
Bankal 200.8269 70 73 76 79 83 86 90 96 122
Baring 91.4423 43 45 46 48 50 53 55 58 59
Basak 603.1994 56 58 61 63 66 69 72 76 135
Buaya 271.4706 53 55 57 60 62 65 67 72 79
Calawisan 956.9963 9 10 10 10 11 11 12 13 16
Canjulao 155.8677 82 85 89 93 97 101 105 112 131
Caw-oy 42.2752 50 52 54 56 59 61 64 68 220
Caohagan 4.5249 149 156 162 169 176 184 191 204 415
Caubian 8.6853 325 338 352 367 383 399 416 442 69
Gun-ob 226.9183 175 183 190 198 207 215 224 239 272
Ibo 148.0964 61 64 66 69 72 75 78 83 85
Looc 104.2948 169 177 184 192 200 208 217 231 240
Mactan 495.2948 54 56 58 61 63 66 69 73 105
Maribago 283.1344 43 45 47 49 51 53 55 59 76
Marigondon 451.446 41 42 44 46 48 50 52 56 69
Pajac 258.8969 72 75 79 82 85 89 93 99 111
Pajo 154.0002 172 179 186 194 202 211 220 234 267
Pangan-an 46.065 50 52 54 56 59 61 64 68 68
Poblacion 35.518 319 332 346 361 376 391 408 434 413
Punta Engaño 218.3998 39 40 42 44 45 47 49 53 58
Pusok 153.341 232 242 252 262 273 285 297 316 308
Sabang 195.2796 30 31 33 34 36 37 39 41 51
Santa Rosa 283.4428 18 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25
Suba-Basbas 165.721 40 41 43 45 47 49 51 54 59
Talima 168.2876 39 41 43 44 46 48 50 53 51
Tingo 96.2811 38 40 41 43 45 47 49 52 52
Tungasan 86.159 27 28 29 31 32 33 35 37 40
San Vicente 100.3054 40 42 44 45 47 49 51 53 61
MNRDP 400.0000
TOTAL 6,824.1946 61 63 66 69 72 75 73 78 91
Projected Labor Force
The Projected Labor Force of Lapu-Lapu City for 2012 has an estimated
no. of 228,053 equivalent to 63% of the total population. By the end of
the planning period of 2024 City’s labor, the force is projected to reach
378,903.
38

Table 16: PROJECTED LABOR FORCE
Lapu-Lapu City
2012-2024
GROUP
2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2024
INGS
LABOR
FORCE 228,053 237,996 248,373 259,202 270,503 282,297 294,605 307,450 320,854 334,844 378,903
39
2. PHYSICAL/ENVIRONMENT
2.1 Geographic Location
The City of Lapu-Lapu is located in the island-city of Mactan Island,

beautifully surrounded by white sandy beaches, serene coves and
scenic lagoons. It is bounded on the north and west by the Mactan
Channel, on the east by Bohol Strait, and on the south by the
Municipality of Cordova.
Lapu-Lapu City is geographically located at the following coordinates:
Westernmost point: 123o59’55 (longitude), 10o20’6.115 (latitude)

Easternmost point: 124o01’7.8971 (longitude), 10o19’5.4611 (latitude)
The City is about 1.5 km. from Mandaue City and 8 km from Cebu City,
although it is only about 350 meters from Cebu City at the nearest
portion of Mactan Channel. The City is approximately 365 km from
Metro Manila (a one-hour trip by airplane).
Access to the City is provided through two bridges, the 1st Mandaue-
Mactan Bridge and the Marcelo Fernan Bridge, which connect it to
mainland Cebu. Metro Ferry services are also available between Muelle
Osmeña in Lapu-Lapu City and Pier III with a travel time of 15
minutes. The presence of the Mactan-Cebu International Airport allows
access to the City from major points of the country, as well as the
world.
Please see Map of the Philippines, Regional Map, City Map and
Administrative Boundary Map.
40
41
42
43
44
2.2 Climate
Type of Climate
Mactan island falls under Type III of the Modified Coronas

Classification of Philippine climates. It is characterized by a not very
pronounced or distinct season. It is relatively dry from November to
April and wet during the rest of the year. Based on PAG-ASA-Mactan
station records, the island receives 78% of its annual rainfall from June
to December. The driest month is April, which receives 34.6 mm of
rainfall, while the wettest is July with 189.4 mm of rainfall. The average
annual rainfall is 1,470 mm. On the average, there are 130 rainy days in
a year. The entire island is generally remote from the normal path of
tropical cyclones originating from the Pacific Ocean.
Please see Climate Map.
45
46
Rainfall
Based on PAG-ASA-Mactan station records, the island receives 78% of

its annual rainfall from June to December. The driest month is April,
which receives 34.6 mm of rainfall, while the wettetst is July with 189.4
mm of rainfall. The average annual rainfall is 1,470 mm. On the
average, there are 130 rainy days in a year.
Please see Climate Map.
Prevailing Wind Direction and Temperature
The monthly prevailing wind in Mactan from October to May is

northeast, while from June to September is southwest. Current patterns
along the coastal region of Magellan Bay are influenced by the tidal
force and wind direction. The wind speed is in the range of 2 to 3
meters-per-second (m/c). The highest wind recorded was 5.5 m/sec
along the south direction on November 20, 1990.
The average annual temperature in Mactan is 28.1 oC. The coolest

month is January with a temperature of 23.8oC, while the hottest period
occurs in May at 32.9oC.
Please see Prevailing Wind Direction Map.
47
48
Tides and Current
Based on primary tide station 2002 data at the Port of Cebu, the
following selected indicators show the average tidal ranges:
Main Higher High Water (MHHW) : 0.78m

Main High Water (MHW) : 0.51m
Mean Sea Level (MSL) ` : 0.00m
Mean Low Water (MLW) : -0.51m
Mean Low Low Water (MLLW) : -0.69m
Highest Tide Recorded : 1.50m (1952)
Lowest Tide Recorded : -1.16m (1970)
Trends in Tropical Cyclones
The Trends in Tropical Cyclones in the Philippines Chart provided by

PAGASA, Region VII, Cebu City shows that in the Visayas where
Lapu-Lapu City is located, there were lesser no. of Tropical Cyclones
than in Luzon, but more no. of Tropical Cyclones than in Mindanao.
The number of Tropical Cyclones that hit the Visayas for the period
1951 to 2000, ranged from 100 to 150. Of this number of Cyclones, there
were more Cyclones during the period 1961-1990 than in 1951-1980. But
there were Cyclones during the period 1971-2000, than in 1961-1990.
Please see Figure 2, Trends in Tropical Cyclones in the Philippines

Chart and Frequency of Tropical Cyclone Passage Map.
49
Figure 2
TRENDS IN TROPICAL CYCLONE IN THE PHILIPPINES
250
1971-00
1951-80
1961-90
200
51-80
Number
150
61-90
71-00
100
50
0
LUZON Luzon VISAYAS
Visayas Mindanao
MINDANAO
SOURCE: PAGASA
50
51
2.3 Topography
Lapu-Lapu City is topographically flat except for some areas in the

northeastern part, which are slightly elevated. The land is made up
entirely of hard coral rock. About 40% of the area is of rocky terrain.
There are no major rivers or creeks in mainland Mactan and in the
island barangays.
Please see Topographic Map.
52
2.4 Slope
Based on the Slope Map of the City of Lapu-Lapu, the whole area is
generally flat with 0-3 % in slope.
Please see Slope Map.
53
2.5 Soil
33
There are four classifications of soil type in the City, namely: Bolinao
Clay, Faraon Clay, Beach Sand, and Hydrosol. These are scattered all
over the Mainland (Mactan Island),Olango Island and the other
islands.
Please see Soil Map.
54
2.6 Land Capability
The whole of Lapulapu City is classified as Bw – Good Land. This

means this type of land can be cultivated safely, but needs drainage in
addition to good farm management practices to productivity. The soils
are deep but the subsoil are fine or the water table is very shallow and
restrict water movement.
Please see Land Capability Map.
55
2.7 Surface Drainage
The only bodies of water found within the City of Lapu-Lapu are the
water body in the southwestern part, and the water bodies in the
southern part which becomes the boundary between Lapu-Lapu City
and the Municipality of Cordova.
Please see Surface Drainage Map and Natural Waterway Map
56
57
2.8 Hydrogeology
Types of Bedrock Formation
The geology of Mactan island is mostly coral based, with little top soil.
It is mainly made up of alluvium deposits, and tertiary limestone,
quaternary limestone and Cretaceous rocks in the whole island. The
quaternary alluvium is prevalent in the south coastal area, with a large
island intrusion west of Cordova. The porous character of the soil
makes the surface run-off seep through. It is difficult to undertake
excavation work for pipelaying and canal works on the type of
formation of Mactan. Controlled blasting is commonly done to
excavate trenches.
Please see Ground Failure/Collapse Prone Areass Map
58
59
2.9 Natural Risks and Hazards Areas
Flooding Hazards
The data on the flooding hazards of the City of Lapu-Lapu comes from
the Landslide and Flood Susceptibility Areas Map provided by the
Mines and Geosciences Bureau, Region VII. Lapu-Lapu City has
two kinds of Flood Susceptibility Areas. One area, the High
Susceptibility to Flooding is located in a small area located in the
northeastern, the central area, southeastern area and in the western area
of the city. The other area, Low to Moderate Susceptibility to Flooding
with the biggest area is located in the north, upper central, eastern and
southern portions of the City.
` Please see Flooding Hazard Map and Landslide and Flood

Susceptibility Areas Map.
60
61
Erosion Potentials
Basically, because of its geological formation and topography, the

island is not susceptible to erosion.
Please see Erosion Potentials Map.
62
Storm Surge Occurrence
The Storm Surge Occurrences in the Philippines Map during the period
1897 – 2011, shows that no occurrences of Storm Surge happened in
Lapu-Lapu City for the last 114 years.
Please see also Storm Surge Occurrence Map.
LEGEND
Storm Surge Height( < 1M)

Storm Surge Height( >1M to 4M)
Storm Surge Height( >4M to 8M)
Storm Surge Height( >8M)
Reported Undefined Point
Reported New Points
63
64
Landslide Prone Areas
Based on the Landslide and Flood Susceptibility Areas Map provided

by the Mines and Geosciences Bureau, Region VII, Lapu-Lapu City has
no Landslide Susceptibility/Prone Areas.
` Please see Landslide and Flood Susceptibility Map.
65
Landslide and Flood Susceptibility Areas
Based on the Landslide and Flood Susceptibility Areas Map provided

by the Mines and Geosciences Bureau, Region VII, Lapu-Lapu City has
two kinds of Landslide and Flood Susceptibility Areas. One area, the
High Susceptibility to Flooding is located in a small area located in the
northeastern, the central area, southeastern area and in the western area
of the city. The other area, Low to Moderate Susceptibility to Flooding
with the biggest area is located in the north, upper central, eastern and
southern portions of the City.
` Please see Landslide and Flood Susceptibility Map.
66
67
Ground Failure/Collapse Prone Areas
Based on the Indicative Map of Ground Failure/Collapse Prone Areas of

Region VII prepared by the Mines and GeoSciences Bureau of the
Department of Environment and Natural Resources, the whole City of
Lapu-Lapu is Limestone Areas.
Please see Indicative Map of Ground Failure/Collapse Prone Areas of

Region VII and Ground Failure/Collapse Prone Areas Map.
MINES AND GEOSCIENCES BUREAU-7, DENR
LEGEND: BANTAYAN ISLAND
- Limestone Areas
BOGO
CAMOTES ISLAND
CANLAON CITY TOLEDO CITY
CEBU
UBAY
NEGROS ARGAO
ORIENTAL
ANDA
09º 30’
00” TAGBILARAN CITY
BAIS CITY
BOHOL
SANTANDER
STA. CATALINA DUMAGUETE CITY N

SIQUIJOR
20 10 0 20 40 km.
SIQUIJOR
122º 50’ 00”
INDICATIVE MAP OF GROUND FAILURE/COLLAPSE

PRONE AREAS OF REGION VII
(LIMESTONE UNDERLAIN ZONES)
68
69
3. SOCIAL SECTOR
3.1 HOUSING
Data Analysis
Housing Situation
A large portion of lands in Lapu-Lapu City are occupied by industrial,

tourism, and commercial establishments, thus limiting the land
available for human settlement. The need for housing and the
increasing number of informal settlers in the coastal areas are
indications of lack of land for the rapidly increasing population of the
city.
The household population of the city in 2007 was 291,708 persons, an

increase of 35.0 percent from 216,045 persons in 2000. The number of
households, meanwhile, increased by 45.4 percent from 44,439 in 2000
to 64,629 in 2007. The average household size in 2007 was 4.5 persons,
lower than the average household size of 4.9 persons in 2000.
Housing Units
In 2007, there were 64,112 occupied housing units in Lapu-lapu City.

This was 47.1 percent higher than the number of occupied housing
units reported in 2000. A ratio of 101 households per 100 occupied
housing units was posted in 2007, lower than the 102 households per
100 occupied housing units ratio computed in 2000. Moreover, the
number of persons per occupied housing unit was 4.5 persons in 2007,
lower than the ratio of 5.0 persons per occupied housing unit in 2000.
Among the 64,112 occupied housing units in Lapu-lapu City, one third
(33.3 percent) had outer walls made of half concrete/brick/stone and
half wood. As to the construction materials of the roof, 83.9 percent had
roofs made of galvanized iron/aluminum. In 2000, most of the occupied
housing units had outer walls made of concrete/brick/stone (29.3
percent) and roofs made of galvanized iron/aluminum (90.2 percent).
70
Table 17. OCCUPIED HOUSING UNITS BY CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS OF THE

ROOF AND OUTER WALLS:
Lapu-Lapu City
2007
Settlements
Certain areas in Lapu-Lapu City are home to informal settlers. Data

provided by the Urban Poor Affairs Office showed that as of 2010, there
were 1,458 families living on public land or government-owned land
and 47 families living on privately-owned lands. Please see Table 18 .
Table 18. INFORMAL SETTLE MENT AREAS

Lapu-Lapu City
2010
BARANGAY AREA LAND OWNERSHIP NO. OF YEARS
(HAS.) GOVERNMENT PRIVATE FAMILIES OCCUPIED
Basak 2.2980 2.2980 272 18
Bankal 0.3322 0.3322 44 10
Gun-ob 0.8246 0.8246 90 32
Ibo 0.1989 0.1989 222 17
Mactan 0.7817 0.7817 84 49
Pajo 1.3525 1.3525 219 41
Pusok 7.4321 5.0240 897 32
Suba-basbas 0.3000 0.3000 67 27
SOURCE: NSO, 2011
71
The city has seen an increase in the demand for housing subdivisions
both for upscale/high-end and socialized. Data from the City Planning
and Development Office revealed that as of 2011 there were already 68
subdivision projects developed within the city with a total land area of
300.117 hectares, out of these area 30.28 hectares were devoted to
socialized housing. Please see Table 19. .
Table 19. APPROVED RESIDENTIAL SUBDIVISIONS

Lapu-Lapu City
1995 – 2011
LOT AREA NO. OF

SUBDIVISION PROJECT CLASSIFICATION BARANGAY
(HAS.) LOTS/UNITS
1 Mutual Homes Subdivision Economic Brgy. Agus, LLC 3.0189 has 159 lots
2 Rajah Town Homes Economic Brgy. Bankal, LLC 0.6438 has. 116 lots
3 Santa Monica Homes Economic Brgy. Babag, LLC 0.8929 has. 75 lots
4 White Sand Subdivision Open Market Brgy. Maribago, LLC 5.5451 has. 88 lots
5 Pacific Villa Subdivision Open Market Brgy. Pajac, LLC 0.438 has. 305 lots
6 Vistabella Subdivision Open Market Brgy. Pajac, LLC 6.3104 has. 452 lots
7 Vistabella Annex I Open Market Brgy. Basak, LLC 2.5136 has. 22 lots
8 Maribago Vista Townhomes Economic Brgy. Maribago, LLC 0.5833 has. 103 lots
9 Mactan First Subdivision Open Market 0.5 has.
10 TPI Homes Economic Brgy. Basak, LLC 0.542 has. 83 lots
11 Casa Nuestra Subdivision Economic Brgy. Bankal, LLC 1.8631 has. 95 lots
12 Villa Illuminada Townhomes Open Market Brgy. Pajac, LLC 4.2127 has. 189 lots
Brgy. Marigondon,
13 Villa Verna I & II Economic 1.0846 has. 110 lots
LLC
14 Solid Homes Subdivision Economic Brgy. Basak, LLC 0.9512 has. 107 lots
15 Vistamar Subdivision Open Market Brgy. Mactan, LLC 18.9770 has 62 lots
16 Cecilia Homes Subdivision Open Market Brgy. Basak, LLC 1.3906 has. 105 lots
17 Villas Magallanes Open Market Brgy. Agus, LLC 13.3434 has. 479 lots
Brgy. Suba-basbas,
18 Pacific Grand Villas 1-A Open Market 23.687127has. 541 lots
LLC
Mactan Country Homes Economic Brgy. Babag, LLC 16.2866 has. 808 lots
19
La Tropicana Subdivision Open Market Brgy. Mactan, LLC 45.348 has. 666 lots
20
Villa Rufina Economic Brgy. Babag, LLC

21
72
Brgy. Calawisan,
22 Happy Homes Economic
LLC
Open Market
23 Aldea del Sol (PD 957) Brgy. Bankal, LLC 8.6645 has. 475 lots
24 BF Better Living Economic Brgy. Basak, LLC 2.22912 has. 306 lots
25 Villa Del Rio (PD 957) Open Market Brgy. Babag, LLC 7.6823 has. 473 lots
26 Villa Del Rio (PD 957) Annex Open Market Brgy. Babag, LLC 1.0647 has. 51 lots
27 La Aldea Buena Mactan Economic Brgy. Babag, LLC 7.0432 has. 983 lots
La Aldea Buena Mactan

28 Economic
(Socialized Housing)
Brookfield Subdivision (PD 5.5638665
29 Open Market Brgy. Basak, LLC 261 lots
957) has.
Econ/Socialized
30 DECA Homes Mactan 1 Brgy. Agus, LLC 4.5268 has. 679 lots
Housing
Econ/Socialized
31 DECA Homes Mactan 2
Housing
Brgy. Marigondon,
32 Costa Del Sol Subdivision Economic 0.82 has. 45 lots
LLC
33 Joanna Legacy Homes Economic
34 Villa Palmyra Homes Economic Brgy. Looc, LLC 0.4195 has. 22 lots
35 Genesis Subdivision Economic Brgy. Basak, LLC 2.7905 has. 405 lots
36 Collinwood Subdivision Open Market Brgy. Basak, LLC 8.263240 has. 408 lots
InterMactan Homeowner's
37 Economic
Association Subdivision
Brookfield Subdivision Annex
38 Open Market Brgy. Basak, LLC 1.3429 has. 57 lots
I
39 DECA Homes Mactan 3 Economic Brgy. Basak, LLC 2.731 has. 367 lots
40 San Fermin Place Open Market Brgy. Maribago, LLC 2.0212 has 37 lots
41 Villa del Rio Annex III Open Market Brgy. Babag, LLC 0.4460 has 20 lots
42 Mactan Tropics Subdivision Open Market Brgy. Basak, LLC 4.8748 has. 165 lots
43 Seascapes Subdivision Open Market 2.5093 has. 56 lots
44 BF Townhomes Phase II Economic Brgy. Pajac, LLC 0.9421 has. 112 lots
45 Simplex I Economic
Brgy. Pta. Engaño,
46 Discovery Bay Subdivision Open Market 13.0493 has. 262 lots
LLC
47 St. Bernadeth Subdivision Economic Brgy. Basak, LLC 0.9995 has. 117 lots
48 Azienda Vittoria Open Market Brgy. Basak, LLC 2.6158 has. 149 lots
49 BF Country Homes Economic Brgy. Pajac, LLC 2.0433 has. 280 lots
73
50 Domy Homes Economic

Brgy. Pta. Engaño,
51 Blue Coast Residences Open Market 3.2419 has. 91 lots
LLC
Brgy. Marigondon,
52 Bayswater Subdivision Open Market 10.433 has. 782 lots
LLC
St. Arnold Jansen
53 Socialized
Communities Incorporated
54 Fleur de Ville Subdivision Economic Brgy. Mactan, LLC 1.8172 has. 270 lots
55 Deca Homes Mactan 5 Economic Brgy. Basak, LLC 9.416 has. 1,196 lots
56 Deca Homes Mactan 4 Economic Brgy. Bankal, LLC 9.4294 has. 1,248 lots
Brgy. Calawisan,
57 La Aldea del Rio Subdivision Economic 4.4551 has. 554 lots
LLC
58 Corinthians Subdivision Open Market Brgy. Basak, LLC 2.7685 has. 404 lots
59 Earnestine Homes Economic Brgy. Babag, LLC 5.781 has. 72 lots
60 Airport Villa Subdivision Economic
61 Sunrise Place Mactan Socialized
62 Aldea del Sol Phase 6 Open Market 1.846315 has. 83 lots
63 Haniyyah Homes Economic Brgy. Babag, LLC 2.7471 has. 382 lots
64 Porto Siena Subdivision Open Market Brgy. Basak, LLC 0.676 has. 66 lots
65 Coral Ville Subdivision Economic Brgy. Basak, LLC 1.5285 has. 227 lots
66 Modena Subdivision Open Market Brgy. Basak, LLC 3.211 has. 209 lots
67 Pacific Grande I Economic Brgy. Gun-ob, LLC 1.3846 has. 201 lots
68 Pacific Grande 2 Economic Brgy. Babag, LLC 0.5845 has. 82 lots
TOTAL 300.117 HAS 17,690 LOTS
SOURCE: CPDS, 2011
On the other hand, city records showed that there are currently several
settlement projects being undertaken and/or assisted by the LGU, as
well as by the affected homeowners themselves.
74
Table 20. SETTLEMENT AREAS

Lapu-Lapu City
As of December 2010
NAME OF URBAN POOR NO. OF

ADDRESS REMARKS
ORGANIZATION BENEFICIARIES
1. Sudtunggan Relocation Site

- Pakigdait Kalinaw Neighborhood 26
Ass. Sudtungan,
LGU Project
- Sitio Kahayag Neighborhood Ass. Basak, LLC 40
- Nazarene Group 49
- Muslim Union Ass. 33
Timpolok, Direct negotiated
2. Immaculate Ville Home Owners Ass. 43
Babag, LLC purchase
UPO-initiated, LGU
3. Good Shepherd Homeowners Ass. Basak, LLC 58
assisted
4. Keiner Urban Poor Dwellers Ass. Pusok, LLC 120 Direct negotiated
purchase
5. Light Hope Courage Urban Poor Ass. Agus, LLC 45 Direct negotiated
purchase
6. Pajo Terminal Homeowners Ass. Agus, LLC 45 Direct negotiated
purchase
7. Sitio Kitchen Urban Poor Ass. Agus, LLC 34 Direct negotiated
purchase
SOURCE: Urban Poor Affair’s Office, 2011
The City has conducted an Inventory of Potentials Lands for Socialized

Housing in 2011 as compliance to RA 7279. These lands are possible
sites for the Socialized Housing Sites of the city
75
Table 21. INVENTORY OF POTENTIAL LANDS FOR HOUSING

Lapu-Lapu City
2011
UNDERDEVELOPE
TCT ASSESSED ACTUAL
LOCATIO D
OWNER NUMBE MARKET LAND
N AND VACANT
R VALUE USE
LANDS (IN SQ.M.)
1. Kristine Chiu 06770 Gun-ob 30,000 540,000 Residential

2. Felix Gochan & Sons 01941 Mactan 14,158 246,950 Residential
3. Mactan Realty Corp. 02024 Bankal 66,832 400,990 Residential
4. Feliciano Lim 00369 Maribago 14,852 45,670 Agri-Res
Agricultura
5. Feliciano Lim 00370 Maribago 10,594 30,340 l
6. Teolita Young Soco 00291 Bankal 43,744 191,000 Agri-Res
7.. Benito Chia 03979 Maribago 22,647 271,760 Residential
SOURCE: LLC City Assessor’s Office, 2011
ECS (Environmental Condition of the Sector) as Input to CDRA

(Climate and Disaster Risk Assessment)
ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITION OF THE SECTOR AS INPUT TO

CDRA
FACILITY AND AREA ENVIRONMENTAL
LOCATION CONDITION
- Presence of informal - Prone to storm surge

settlers along coastal
areas. - Prone to sea level rise
 Barangay Basak 2.2980 ha. - Prone to flooding

 Barangay Bankal 0.3322 ha.
 Barangay Gun-ob 0.8246 ha.
 Barangay Ibo 0.1989 ha.
 Barangay Mactan 0.7819 ha.
 Barangay Pajo 1.3525 ha.
 Barangay Pusok 7.4321 ha.
 Barangay Suba- 0.3000 ha.
basbas
76
77
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Current and Projected Needs
Housing Backlog
In 2007, there were 517 Doubled-up Households, 2,369 Unacceptable

Housing Units, 683 Makeshift/Salvage/Improvised Housing Units, for a
total of 3,569 units Housing Backlog. Please see Table 22. .
Table 22. HOUSING BACKLOG

Lapu-Lapu City
2007
BACKLOG NUMBER %
Doubled-Up Households 517 14.50%
Unacceptable Housing Units 2,369 66.40%
Makeshift/Salvage/Improvised HU 683 19.10%
TOTAL BACKLOG 3,569 100.00%
SOURCE: NSO, 2011
The Current Housing Needs of the City for 2011 is 16,047. The Projected
Housing Needs of the City are the following:3,637 for 2012, 3,783 for
2013, 3,937 for 2014, 4,096 for 2015, 4,263 for 2016, 4,436 for 2017, 4,709
for 2018, 4,807 for 2019, 5,005 for 2020, 5,211 for 2021 and 16,321 for
2024.
79
Table 23. CURRENT AND PROJECTED HOUSING NEEDS

Lapu-Lapu City
2011 - 2024
FUTURE HOUSING NEED

HOUSING PRESENT
NEEDS NEEDS 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2024
2011
A. Housing 819
3,569 275 275 275 275 275 275 275 275 275 275
Backlog
B. Household
Formation
due to 12,478 3,362 3,508 3,662 3,821 3,988 4,161 4,434 4,532 4,730 4,936 15,502
Increase in
Population
C. Upgrading - - - - - - - - - - - -
TOTAL 16,047 3,637 3,783 3,937 4,096 4,263 4,436 4,709 4,807 5,005 5,211 16,321
SOURCE: NSO, 2011, CPDS Computations, 2011
80
Housing Analysis Matrix
Technical Implications Policy

Findings/Observations (Effects) Options/Interventions
-Presence of informal -Environmental Full implementation of PP
settlers along coastal degradation No. 346-A (Identifying a 25
areas hectare lot in Barangay
Canjulao as site for Urban
- Proliferation of -Health-related problems Development and
informal settlers Socialized Housing)
- No shelter plan -Alarming shortage of Allocate funds for housing

decent housing projects.
-Insufficient city budget
for housing Coordinate with external
partners (e.g. Gawad
-Non-implementation of Kalinga) for housing
laws on informal settlers programs.
-High population due to Creation of a City Housing

migration Office.
-Laxity in enforcing Adoption of mitigating

relevant laws laws to control migration
and discourage squatting.
MAINSTREAMING CCA-DRRM INTO THE SECTOR
- Presence of informal - Prone to storm surge Full implementation of PP

settlers along coastal No. 346-A (Identifying a 25
areas. - Prone to sea level rise hectare lot in Barangay
Canjulao as site for Urban
 Barangay Basak - Prone to flooding Development and
 Barangay Bankal Socialized Housing)
 Barangay Gun-ob
 Barangay Ibo Early warning systems
 Barangay Mactan consider Climate Change
 Barangay Pajo predictions
 Barangay Pusok Cyclone and flood
 Barangay Suba- resistant buildings
basbas
81
3.2 HEALTH
Data Analysis
3.2.1 Health Resources
Health Facilities
The priority program on health is geared to upgrade the standard of

health infrastructure and services of the city in the community and
hospital commensurate to the standard required of a highly- urbanized
city.
Being a progressive city in the Province of Cebu and having been

declared as highly-urbanized city last July 7, 2007, the city is also
confronted with some constraints in the delivery of health services to its
constituents. The increasing in-migration rate due to informal settlers
looking for employment opportunities in the booming city causes the
unequal distribution of health resources. But the economic progress and
industrial developments in Mactan Economic Zone, hotels and beach
resorts contributed to the solutions of the problems that is encountered
by the city.
There were three (3) islet barangays namely; Caubian, Pangan-an and
Caohagan that weren’t fully equipped in addressing emerging health
problems due to financial inadequacies (fishing is the main source of
income). Because of this, the Local Chief Executive poured a lot of
money for the entire Olango Island barangays.
Access to sanitary toilets is 10% lower than the NOH or MDG target
due to some island barangays whose soil is sandy loam and very
difficult to construct septic tank in the area. For the other health
indicators, FIC got a very excellent performance of 110% due to the
conduct of REB (Reaching Every Barangay), and RED (Reaching Every
Depressed barangay) to prevent missed opportunities and increase/
rapid migration particularly the informal settlers to have an equal
distribution of health resources.
Table 24 shows the different Existing Hospitals located in the city.

These area the Mactan Doctors Hospital in Barangay Basak, the Our
82
Lady of the Rule Hospital in Barangay Pajo, the Tojong General

Hospital in Barangay Looc, the MBEAB Hospital in MABES, Lapu-Lapu
City, Lapu-Lapu City Hospital in Barangay Gun-ob and the Sta. Rosa
District Hospital in Barangay Sta. Rosa, Olango Island.
Table 24. EXISTING HOSPITALS, CLASSIFICATION AND NUMBER OF BEDS

Lapu-Lapu City
2011
NAME OF LOCATION CLASSIFICATION NUMBER OF BEDS

HOSPITAL
Mactan Doctors Basak, Lapu-Lapu City Tertiary Hospital 150 beds
Hospital
Our Lady of the Rule Pajo, Lapu-Lapu City Primary Hospital 16 beds
Hospital
Looc, Lapu-Lapu City Primary Hospital 15 beds
Tojong General Hospital
MBEAB Hospital MABES, Lapu-Lapu Primary Hospital 10 beds
City
Lapu-Lapu City Gun-ob, Lapu-Lapu City Secondary Hospital 75 beds
Hospital
Sta. Rosa District Sta. Rosa, Olango Primary Hospital 10 beds
Hospital Island, Lapu-Lapu City
SOURCE: City Health Office, 2011
Health Personnel
The city has 8 district health units manned by a doctor and nurse but
only 4 doctors plantilla positions opened, 39 health centers with 25
midwives, 19 nurses, 2 dentists, 5 sanitary inspectors, and 4 medical
technologists.
Health Indices
With regards to the different health indicators, Lapu-Lapu City exerted

so much effort to get an excellent performance except to some few.
Almost all thirty (30) barangays performed well that’s why, the city
received different awards like nutrition, Garantisadong Pambata, TB &
others in the entire Central Visayas.
Looking into the statistical indicator of CDR, comparative 2006 to 2010,

there was no increase nor decrease of data, only CBR with 34.59 in 2006
to 30.89 in 2010. There was decreasing trend of births because of
83
increasing family planning acceptors. However, the 2006 & 2010, Lapu-
Lapu MMR and IMR were very below than NOH/ MDG targets. This
could be attributed to good quality prenatal care 95-101%, 70-100%
facility based deliveries and skilled birth attendants.
Table 25. COMPARATIVE STATISTICAL/ PERFORMANCE INDICATORS:

Lapu-Lapu City
2006 to 2010
NOH/
INDICATOR 2010 2009 2008 2007 2006
MDG
CDR (per 1000 pop.) 4.56 4.65 4.36 4.57 5.41

CBR (per 1000 pop.) 30.89 31.94 32.8 32.63 34.59
MMR (per 1000 L.B.) 0.10 0.30 52 0.20 .32 .39
IMR (per 1000 L.B.) 4.92 4.85 19 4.74 4.82 6.01
Quality Pre-natal Care 101 103 80 98 96 95
CPR (%) 43 42 60 40 32 30
FIC (%) 110 117 95 109 103 97
Facility Based Deliveries (%) 100 106 80 95 80 70
Skilled Birth Attendants (%) 100 106 80 95 90 85
Access to Safe Water (%) 96 95 91 93 90 88
Access to Sanitary Toilet (%) 75.5 75 85 70 68 65
See Figure 3 and Figure 4.
84
Figure 3
Figure I- Crude Birth Rate & Crude

Death Rate per 1000 pop. 2006-2010
50
Rate per 1000 pop.
45
40
35 34.59 34.59
32.63 32.8 31.94 30.89
30 CDR
25
CBR
20
15
10
5 5.41 5.41 4.57 4.36 4.65 4.56
0
2006 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
Year
SOURCE; City Health Office, 2011
Figure 4
Figure II - Infant Mortality Rate and Maternal

Mortality Rate per 1000 LB
7
6.01
Rate per 1000 LB
6
5 4.82 4.74 4.85 4.92
4 IMR
3 MMR
2
1
0 0.39 0.32 0.2 0.3 0.1
2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
YEAR
URTI, skin diseases, pneumonia, diarrhea, bronchitis, and PTB

predominates the top morbidity causes which are infectious in nature
85
while hypertension, animal bite, traumatic injury and parasitism

complete the entire morbidity causes.
Table 26. TEN LEADING CAUSES OF MORBIDITY PER 1000 POP.

Lapu-Lapu City
2005-2009 and 2010
5 YEARS AVERAGE
2010
DISEASES 2005 – 2009
NO. RATE NO. RATE
1. Upper Respiratory Tract Infection 23,081 71.64 22,323 79.47
2. Skin Infection 6,521 20.24 4,464 15.75
3. Pneumonia 3,585 11.12 7,397 26.13
4. Bronchitis 2,596 8.05 8,205 27.36
5. Diarrhea 2,134 6.62 2,877 10.16
6. Animal Bite 2,029 6.29 1,130 3.93
7.Hypertensive Vascular Disease 1,859 5.77 2,841 9.63
8.Traumatic Injury 1,607 4.98 2,189 7.45
9.Pulmonary Tuberculosis 894 2.77 705 3.06
10. Parasitism 783 2.43 1,785 6.25
Lifestyle related diseases or debilitating non-communicable diseases

like heart diseases, hypertension, cancer, diabetes mellitus, trauma
peptic ulcer disease and kidney diseases as well as pneumonia and PTB
which are communicable in nature are among the top ten leading
mortality causes.
86
Table 27. TEN LEADING CAUSES OF MORTALITY PER 1000 POP.

Lapu-Lapu City
2005-2009 and 2010
5 YEARS AVERAGE
2010
2005 – 2009
DISEASES
NO. RATE NO. RATE
1. Pneumonia 306 .94 325 1.12
2. Hypertensive Vascular Disease 288 .89 249 .86
3. Myocardial Infarction 175 .54 148 .50
4. Cancer (all types) 111 .34 120 .32
5. Diabetes Mellitus 109 .33 72 .25
6. Trauma/Gunshot/Stub wound 48 .14 65 .17
7. Congenital Heart Failure 43 .13 111 .37
8. Renal Failure 37 .13 34 .11
9. Pulmonary Tuberculosis 36 .11 43 .14
10. Bleeding Peptic Ulcer 24 .07 30 .10
Leading causes of infant mortality varies each year but most of the
causes are mainly due to infectious diseases. The implementation of
Integrated Management of Child Illnesses (IMCI) and Infant Young
Child Feeding (IYCF) programs are important factor in the deliveries in
childhood diseases.
87
Table 28. INFANT MORTALITY LEADING CAUSES PER 1000 LB

Lapu-Lapu City
2005-2009 and 2010
5 YEARS AVERAGE
2010
2005- 2009
DISEASES
NO. RATE NO. RATE
1. Pneumonia 22 2.21 17 1.98
2. Congenital Anomaly 8 .80 12 1.23
3. Septicemia 3 .30 6 .32
4. Prematurity 8 .80 15 1.61
5. ARDS 4 .40 10 1.01
6. AGE with dehydration 2 .20 3 .25
7. Necrotizing enterocolitis 1 .10 2 .21
8. Accidents 1 .10 34 .11
Maternal Mortality rate showed decreasing trends from 2006 to 2010

and the main cause is postpartum eclampsia due to delayed referral
because of financial constraints and too early pregnancy.
Table 29. MATERNAL MORTALITY LEADING CAUSES PER 1000 LB

Lapu-Lapu City
2005-2009 and 2010
5 YEARS AVERAGE
2010
2005 – 2009
DISEASE
NO. RATE NO. RATE
1. Postpartum eclampsia 1 .10 1 .10
88
Health Services
There was a tremendous increase of quality prenatal care, facility-

based deliveries and skilled birth attendants from 2006 to 2010 due to
continuous training of health personnel that improve their KAPS,
coordination with private practitioners & passing and approved
ordinance on safe motherhood program.
3.2.2 Burial Grounds
The City has 4 Existing Cemeteries and Memorial Parks which are
either Public, owned by the Roman Catholic Church or the Private
Sector.. These are the Roman Catholic Cemetery with 3 hectares, the
Mactan Island Memorial Garden with 6 hectares, the Sta. Rosa Catholic
Cemetery and the Lapu-Lapu City Municipal Cemetery with 2
hectares.
Table 30. EXISTING CEMETERIES AND MEMORIAL PARKS

Lapu-Lapu City
2011
CEMETERY/MEMORIAL AREA CAPACITY

BARANGAY OWNERSHIP REMARKS
PARK
Roman Catholic Cemetery 3 has. Pajo private Congested
Mactan island Memorial 6 has. Marigondon private Spacious

Garden
Sta. Rosa Catholic Cemetery Sta. Rosa private Congested
Lapu-Lapu City Mun. 2 has. Gun-ob public Congested

Cemetery
TOTAL 11 has. - - -
SOURCE: City Planning and Development Staff, 2011
89


CDRA
LOCATION CONDITION
Roman Catholic Cemetery, 3 hectares Congested

Barangay Pajo
Mactan Island Memorial 6 hectares Spacious

Garden, Barangay
Marigondon
Sta. Rosa Catholic Cemetery, Congested

Barangay Sta. Rosa
Lapu-Lapu City Municipal 2 hectares Congested

Cemetery, Barangay Gun-ob
Disaster Preparedness and Lapu-Lapu • Disasters are by their very nature

Response System City unpredictable and happen inspite
of the best efforts by those in
control. The city must be
prepared in order to mitigate the
destructions of any adversity or
calamity that may occur.
– The city has a comprehensive
disaster preparedness & response
management plan but not
updated.
– No established stakeholders and
response structures at all levels,
especially the BHERT (Barangay
Health Emergency Response
Team)
– There are no annual simulation
drills in order to test the
readiness of the teams.
90
– There is a need to update

equipment, logistics and tools for
emergency response.
– There is no strategy (information
management mechanisms) on
how to provide quick messages
or info in order to mitigate public
panic in case of outbreaks or
disasters.
91
92
93
94
Human Resources:
Although the city has exerted so much effort to come up with a good
and excellent performance on service delivery programs, it has to
strengthen the employment status both the hospital and public health
so as to sustain/ maintain the effective strategies by opening all vacant
positions for doctors, nurses, midwives, dentists, nursing aids, sanitary
inspectors and clerks. By doing so, the city could pass the external
benchmark for manpower population ratio.
Health Governance:
The city has two government referral hospital (one in the island and
one in the mainland) and two tertiary private hospitals. The presence of
two hundred fifty (250) companies at MEZ I, II & III, serves as an entry
point for the public-private partnership strategy to work effectively.
Although Inter-Local Health Zones (ILHZ) is not operationalized in the
city, our two hospitals accepts patients from different municipalities
Health Regulation:
All deliveries are already attended by skilled birth attendants in

hospitals, lying- in clinics, birthing homes and health centers which are
affordable and accessible to the people. The city has eight (8) PhilHealth
accredited birthing homes, and six (6) hospitals which promote facility
based deliveries attended by skilled health workers with six (6) selected
health facility to become a BEMONC facilities and one (1) CEMONC
facility.
Activities to reduce infant mortality should also be a priority since

causes of infant deaths are preventable. Passage & approval of
breastfeeding ordinance would help curve infant deaths, likewise, good
health seeking behavior and early referral of cases should be
encouraged. Health providers should undergo trainings on integrated
management of childhood illness (IMCI) and interventions focused on
access to better quality health care and availability of medicines.
95
The city has increased access to low-cost quality drugs by installing

about twelve (12) Botica ng Barangay to cater those clients who can’t
afford to buy branded medicines in the community.
Environmental Health & Sanitation Program:
The city has only 75.5% household with access to sanitary toilets. This is
reflection of lack of ordinance to compulsory construction of sanitary
toilet to all HH, non-ownership of land occupied, increase number of
informal settlers living in the squatters area and sandy loam soil in
Olango island.
The absence of a septage management program is also considered a risk

factor for the occurrence of infectious diseases.
Child Health
The health status of infants and children in the city showed that there is
a laudable support from the LCE and members of the Sangguniang
Panlungsod that almost all programs were able to reach the Millennium
Development Goals.
3.1. Although the city got 110% FIC in 2012, in order to sustain its high
coverage, the CHO staff still has to sustain the public- private
partnership which is weak and continuous regular monitoring &
supervision of PHN’s and regular conduct of reaching every depressed
purok/ sitio in a barangay (RED) to prevent missed opportunities
especially the informal settlers.
3.2 For newborn exclusively breastfed for 6 months, the city has 86%
accomplishment but there are some hospitals although certified as
Mother Baby Friendly hospital initiative of DOH, due to lack of
monitoring by the national agencies still used milk formula and not all
health providers are trained on infant and young child feeding.
3.3. Pneumonia and diarrhea still rank as the leading causes of infant &
child diseases and deaths. One of the programs to help mothers and
caregivers manage common childhood illness like pneumonia and
diarrhea is through the Integrated Management of Childhood Illnesses.
96
None of the health providers trained on IMCI thus non-adoption of the

IMCI protocol. Although all health centers has available supplies of
reformulated oral rehydration salts (ORS) and Zinc supplements, there
is a need for training on IMCI, likewise orientation on the
Administrative Order on Zinc and Reformulated ORS in the
Management of Diarrhea among children to capacitate health service
providers at the centers. Likewise, the hospital staff should be trained
on IMCI for appropriate two ways referral system.
3.4 Inspite of the availability of Vitamin A capsules and Iron supplements

as procured by the LGU’s, there is a need to regularly monitor the
preschoolers and school children whether it is being given to the right
recipient and proper recording & reporting as to the improvement of
health status.
The city’s accomplishment with regards to micronutrient

supplementation program for preschoolers and school children already
reached the MDG target that Lapu-Lapu received the Regional
Garantisadong Pambata Award. This is due to the support of LCE’s &
SP.
3.5. The implementation of Newborn Screening in the city last 2010 is not
good inspite of six (6) nurses trained to do such thing. This is due to
lack of preparation during the time of pregnancy and some mothers
don’t give importance to newborn screening and weak public private
partnership among birthing homes, lying in clinics and some hospitals
in terms of referral systems between the concerned providers.
 BEMONC/ CEMONC Facility Upgrading
Sta. Rosa Community Hospital needs to be repaired and rehabilitated

to be classified as BEMONC facility thus hospital staff should undergo
training to cope up as certified BEMONC facility.
Sta. Rosa RHU has to be upgraded to a BEMONC health facility to cope

up with increasing deliveries of the residence in the area.
Lapu-Lapu City Hospital lacks some equipment and additional

manpower (anesthesiologist) to be certified as CEMONC facility.
Healthy Lifestyle and Management of Health Risks:
97
Hataw exercises in the health facilities were not sustained, lack of

monitoring of the program implementation, sedentary lifestyle and
hard to break habits especially anti smoking.
Environmental Water and Sanitation Program
– Lack of Sanitary Inspectors to implement the program

– Some Sanitary Inspectors hired detained in barangay due to
political reasons.
– No strict implementation on the “Sanitation Code of the
Philippines RA 856” in some barangays (Ordinance about
compulsory construction of sanitary toilets (water tight multi-
chamber) in every households), Ordinance about septage
management program (mandatory desludging of septage)
– Lack of awareness on Ecosan toilet
– Lack of total sanitation campaign (TSC)
– Lack of school sanitation and hygiene education
– Lack of community ecological sanitation
Disaster Preparedness and Response System
• Disasters are by their very nature unpredictable and happen

inspite of the best efforts by those in control. The city must be
prepared in order to mitigate the destructions of any adversity or
calamity that may occur.
– The city has a comprehensive disaster preparedness & response
management plan but not updated.
– No established stakeholders and response structures at all levels,
especially the BHERT (Barangay Health Emergency Response
Team)
– There are no annual simulation drills in order to test the
– There is a need to update equipment, logistics and tools for
emergency response.
– There is no strategy (information management mechanisms) on
how to provide quick messages or info in order to mitigate public
panic in case of outbreaks or disasters.
98
Health Facilities Development
The city has 8 district health units manned by a doctor and nurse but
only 4 doctors plantilla positions opened, 39 health centers with 25
midwives, 19 nurses, 2 dentists, 5 sanitary inspectors, 4 medical
technologists. There is a need to create and operationalize the Human
Resource Management & Development Systems to effectively manage
the human resource component for public health vis a vis opening of
the vacant plantilla positions to cater the needs of the populace
efficiently.
For the two hospitals, through the HRMDS, hopefully the vacant
positions (physicians & nurses) will be opened so as to serve the
constituents properly and at optimum standards.
The facilities itself needs repair and rehabilitation to meet the standards
to operate as BEMONC and CEMONC facilities.
• Referral System
The two way referral system from the public health to the hospital
works well but in some instances patients from the tertiary hospital
who proceeded to health centers went wrong due to failure of patients
to come back to HC for follow up after discharge.
Health Regulation
With regards to the regulatory policies through the standards set by the
Department of Health & PhilHealth, the major gaps seen were lack of
political will, lack of budget & lack of manpower.
Generally only few recipients were able to avail of OPB, no TB DOTS
Center in the city but avail them in PPMD units in private hospital and
none of the units enrolled under MCP packages assisted by PhilHealth.
This may be due to changes in elected officials for lack of awareness in
different laws.
The number of Botika ng Barangay in the city is slow growing as to the

number required to be established. This is attributed to conflict of
interest between the barangay officials, lack of space and NGO
implementors & lack of interest of some clients to buy generic drugs
and prefers to buy branded drugs. It was also noted that the re-
99
ordering scheme on drugs through CHD Central Visayas entails a long

period of time ranging from one to two months or even more.
Projected Health Personnel
Table 31 shows the Projected Health Personnel for Public Health

during the Planning Period.
While Table 32 shows the Projected Health Personnel for Hospitals

during the Planning Period.
There is the need of Strengthening of employment status.
Table 31. PUBLIC HEALTH

Lapu-Lapu City
2011
STANDARD
EXISTING
POSITION/ CATEGORY POSITION GAPS
MANPOWER
REQ.
Medical Officer 4 8 4
Public Health Nurse 19 25 6
Public Health Dentist 2 4 2
Public Health Midwives 25 35 10
Medical Technologist 2 4 2
Sanitary Inspector 5 8 3
SOURCE: City Health Office, City Planning and Development Staff, 2011
100
Table 32. HOSPITAL

Lapu-Lapu City
2011
POSITION EXISTING STANDARD

GAPS
CATEGORY MANPOWER POSITION REQ.
Medical Officer 9 13 4
Nurse 20 25 5
Midwife 1 10 9
Dentist 1 2 1
Med. Tech. 3 6 3
Pharmacist 1 4 3
Nutritionist 1 1 0
Nursing Aide 20 30 10
Clerk 5 7 2
SOURCE: City Health Office, City Planning and Development Staff, 2011
Health Information Systems
 Health Information System is very important in the implementation of

health programs at all levels (City down to the barangay) to monitor/
evaluate program effectiveness and efficiency. Due to lack of computers
thus sometimes reporting system is always delayed.
 Some doctors (Private) needs to be informed in terms of their
awareness of DOH programs so as to come up with real situation of the
area.
 Two-way referral system should be strengthened.
Projected Area Requirement For Burial Grounds
The development of new and/or expansion of existing cemeteries

within the City will also be addressed. Using the 2008 Crude Death
Rate of 4.36% and assuming that 60% of these will be interred in the
City, total area requirement for burial ground will be 211 hectares in
2010 and is expected to increase to 347 hectares at the end of the
planning period.
101
Table 33 CURRENT AND PROJECTED AREA REQUIREMENT FOR BURIAL GROUNDS

Lapu-Lapu City
2010 - 2024
PROJECTED AREA FOR

YEAR BURIAL GROUNDS
(HAS.)
2010 211
2011 220
2012 229
2013 239
2014 249
2015 260
2016 270
2017 282
2018 294
2019 306
2020 319
2021 333
2024 347
SOURCE: City Planning and Development Staff, 2011
102
Health Analysis Matrix

1. Lack of Medical Cannot deliver Hiring/filling-up of

Personnel (Olango Mini completely basic vacant positions
Hospital) health services
2. Lack of medical Cannot deliver Purchase of additional

equipment and facilities completely basic equipment and
(Lapu-Lapu District health services expansion of existing
Hospital and Olango facilities to upgrade its
Hospital) standard fromm Level 1
to Level 2(Olango
Hospital) from Level 2 to
Level 3 ) Lapu-Lapu
District Hospital
MAINSTEAMING CCA-DRRM INTO THE SECTOR

Congested Cemeteries Problem for the Expansion of the area of
residents in the burial the congested
Roman Catholic Cemetery, of their dead. Cemeteries
Barangay Pajo
Sea Level Rise Look for new sites for
Mactan Island Memorial additional Cemeteries.
Garden, Barangay Flooding
Marigondon
Sta. Rosa Catholic

Cemetery, Barangay Sta.
Rosa
Lapu-Lapu City Municipal

Cemetery, Barangay Gun-
ob
Disaster Preparedness and • Disasters are by 1. Establishment of a
Response System their very nature Disaster Management
unpredictable and Structure at the LGU
happen inspite of the and barangay levels
best efforts by those in 2. Identification of all
103
control. The city must disaster structures and

be prepared in order to responders at all levels
mitigate the 3. Conduct of disaster
destructions of any planning at the LGU
adversity or calamity and barangay level
that may occur. 4. Establishment of
– The city has a disaster information
comprehensive disaster system in the city
preparedness & 5. Conduct training of
response management first aid responder
plan but not updated. 6. Procurement of
– No established equipment, tools and
stakeholders and medicines for
response structures at emergency
all levels, especially the preparedness
BHERT (Barangay 7. Conduct of regular
Health Emergency monthly multi-
Response Team) sectoral meeting.
– There are no
annual simulation drills
in order to test the
– There is a need to
update equipment,
logistics and tools for
emergency response.
– There is no strategy
(information
management
mechanisms) on how to
provide quick
messages or info in
order to mitigate public
panic in case of
outbreaks or disasters.
104
3.3 EDUCATION
Data Analysis
Educational Facilities
The educational institutions offering pre-school, elementary and high

school are well distributed throughout Mactan Island and the other
island barangays. All barangays have their own public elementary
schools, while most have their own public high schools.
Most of these schools are concentrated in Barangays Babag, Basak, Gun-

ob, Looc, Pajo, Poblacion and Pusok. Total land area occupied by the
publicly-ran schools is 43.31 hectares.
Table 34. SCHOOLS BY LEVEL, TYPE, FACILITIES AND CONDITIONS

Lapu-Lapu City
2011
AR TYPE FACILITIES AND CONDITIONS

EA
SCHO O P PR SCIEN SHO LIBR CR PLAY CLINI OVAL AUDI COM MP CANT
OL CC U IV CE P ARY GRO C TIOR P. HALL EEN
UP B AT LAB UND IUM LAB. S
IE L E
D I PU P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P
C B R U R U R U R U R U R U R U R U R U R U R
I B I B I B I B I B I B I B I B I B I B I
V V V V V V V V V V V
Eleme 4 38 N G N G P G C P P G P G N N N P P G N G P G
ntary 4
Secon 2 19 C G N G P G C P P G P G N N N G G G N G P G
dary 5
TOTA
L
LEGEND: G – Good P-Poor (Needs Improvement) C-Critical (Requiring Priority Action) N-None
(No Such Facility)
SOURCE: DepEd, 2011
105
Table 35. SCHOOLS BY LOCATION, LEVEL, TYPE AND OFFERING,

Lapu-Lapu City
2011
AREA
PUBLIC/ OFFERING
OCCUPIED
BARANGAY SCHOOL PRIVATE
(IN SQ.M.)
Mainland
Agus Agus ES 2,349.00 Public
Regent Pacific College Pvt. PS/ES/HS
Babag Babag I ES 10,021.00 Public
Babag II ES 10,000.00 Public
Tiangue ES 602.00 Public
Timpolok ES 2,845.28 Public
Babag NHS 4,435.00 Public
Bankal Bankal ES 10,278.00 Public
Bankal NHS 10,873.00 Public
Basak Basak ES 8,818.00 Public
STEC (ES & HS) 20,000.00 Public
Suba Masulog ES 2,548.00 Public
Sudtonggan ES 4,649.00 Public
Benthel Asia Schl. Of Tech., Inc. Pvt. PS
Enjoy Learning Center Pvt. PS/ES
Indiana Learning Center Pvt. PS/ES/HS
St. Augustine International School Pvt. PS/ES/HS
Buaya Buaya ES 2,422.00 Public
Calawisan Calawisan ES 4,622.00 Public
Canjulao Canjulao ES 10,327.00 Public
Marie Ernestine School Pvt. PS/ES/HS
Thrice Admirable Children LC Pvt. PS
Gun-ob Gun-ob ES 9,237.00 Public
Gun-obHS 4,400.00 Public
Benthel Kiddie Devt. LC Pvt. PS/ES
Good Samaritan School Fndtn. Pvt. PS
106
Green Garden Christian School Pvt. PS
Lapu-Lapu SDA Elem. Schl. Pvt. PS/ES
Proverbs Ville Academy Pvt. PS
St. Isaac Jogues Learning Schl. Pvt. PS/ES
(Tojong) Mactan Child Development Pvt. PS/ES
Ibo Ibo ES 5,496.00 Public
Looc Lapu-Lapu City ES 20,499.00 Public
Look ES 3,759.00 Public
Looc NHS 20,000.00 Public
Stephanie Pre-School Center Pvt. PS
Mactan Mactan ES 9,827.00 Public
Soong ES 7,391.00 Public
Mactan Mactan NHS 10,000.00 Public
St. Joseph School – Mactan Pvt. PS/ES/HS
Maribago Buyong ES 10,076.00 Public
Maribago ES 10,702.00 Public
Marigondon Marigondon ES 14,152.00 Public
Marigondon NHS 14,485.00 Public
Pajac Abuno ES 10,000.00 Public
Bagong Silang ES 3,000.00 Public
Pajac PS 740.00 Public
Cebu Kiddie Center Pvt. PS
Holy Infant Child School Pvt. PS/ES
Treasure Trove Center for Educ. Inc. Pvt. PS
Pajo Mactan Air Base ES 45,000.00 Public
Pajo ES 5,512.00 Public
Pajo NHS 6,410.00 Public
Advance Institute of Tech. Pvt. ES/HS
Advance Asian Learning Center Pvt.
Childworks LC Pvt. PS
Liberty Baptist Christian Academy Pvt. PS/ES
107
St. Dominic de Savio LC Pvt. PS/ES/HS
Poblacion Poblacio PS 346.00 Public
Eastern Christian School of LLC Pvt. PS
Opon Kinder & Nursery School Pvt. PS
St. Aphonsus Catholic School Pvt. PS/ES/HS
San Lorenzo Ruiz Pvt. PS/ES/HS
St. Andrew School DOBAF Pvt. PS/ES
St. Mary's Institute of Learning Pvt. PS/ES
Punta Engaño Punta Engaño ES 7,742.00 Public
Pusok Pusok ES 12,300.00 Public
Pusok NHS 7,143.00 Public
EMD Carmelite School Fndtn. Pvt. PS/ES/HS
Subabasbas Suba-basbas ES 8,431.00 Public
Suba ES 400.00 Public
Cebu Christian Institute Pvt. PS/ES/HS
NISSI Academy Inc. Pvt. PS/ES/HS
Islets
Cawhagan Cawhagan ES 2,160.00 Public
Caubian Caubian ES 970.00 Public
Pangan-an
Pangan-an ES 2,850.00 Public
Olango Island
Baring Baring ES 1,976.50 Public
Caw-oy Caw-oy ES 4,618.00 Public
Sabang Sabang ES 5,507.00 Public
Santa Rosa Sta. Rosa ES 10,300.00 Public
Sta. Rosa NHS 2,057.00 Public
Talima Candagsao PS 10,000.00 Public
Talima ES 13,283.00 Public
Tingo Tingo ES 8,462.00 Public
Tingo HS 4,113.00 Public
Tungasan Tungasan ES 5,000.00 Public
108
San Vicente Poo ES 10,000.00 Public
HS High School
ES Elementary School
PS Pre-School
SOURCE: DepEd, 2011
Lapu-Lapu City also has tertiary schools. These are the Lapu-Lapu City
College located in Barangay Basak, Indiana Aerospace University also
located in Barangay Basak. The other school is the Lapu-Lapu City
Manpower Development Center located in Barangay Pusok., which is a
Vocational School.
Table 36. TERTIARY AND VOCATIONAL/TECHNICAL SCHOOLS BY TYPE AND

TOTAL ENROLMENT
Lapu-Lapu City
2011
TOTAL
TYPE
LOCATION AREA ENROLMENT
NAME OF SCHOOL
(BARANGAY) (HA.)
PUBLIC PRIVATE MALE FEMALE
Tertiary:
Lapu-Lapu City Basak, Lapu- /

College Lapu City
Indiana Aerospace Basak, Lapu- /

University Lapu City
Vocational/Technical:
Lapu-Lapu City Pusok, Lapu-

Manpower Lapu City
Development Center
IKON Training Center Pajo,Lapu-Lapu

City
ELE Training Center Gun-ob, Lapu-

Lapu City
TOTAL
SOURCE: DepEd, 2011
109
Educational Personnel
The City of Lapu-Lapu has a total of 1,984 teaching force broken down
into 321 teachers for Pre-Elementary and Elementary and 196 teachers
in the Secondary for the Private School. For the Public School, there
were 961 teachers for the Pre-Elementary and Elementary and 506
teachers in the Secondary.
Table 37. STUDENT-TEACHER AND STUDENT-CLASSROOM RATIO BY LEVEL

Lapu-Lapu City
2011
NO. OF ENROLMENT TOTAL TOTAL NO. STUDEN STUDENT-

NO. OF OF T- CLASSRO
TYPE/LEVE MAL FEMA TOTA TEACHE CLASSROO TEACHE OM RATIO
L E LE L RS MS R RATIO
Private:
Pre-elem & 3,197 2,834 6,031 321 475 1:19 1:13

Elementary
Secondary 2,082 2,201 4,283 196 243 1:22 1:18
Public:
Pre-elem & 26,429 24,657 51,086 961 863 1:54 1:60

Elementary
Secondary 12,509 12,513 25,022 506 369 1:50 1:68
TOTAL 44,217 42,205 86,422 1,984 1,950 1:36 1:40
SOURCE: DepEd, 2011
Enrolment
The enrolment for 2011 for Lapu-Lapu City totaled 86,422, broken
down into 44,217 males and 42,205 females. This enrolment covers both
the Private Schools and the Public Schools.
Meanwhile, Table 38 shows the Historical Enrolment by Level for the

years 2009-2010, 2010-2011 and 2011-2012. It shows a generally
increasing trend, except for the year 2010-2011 which decreased.
110
On the other hand, Table 39 shows the Historical Enrolment

Participation Rate for the last five years, 2005-2006, 2006-2007, 2007-
2008, 2008-2009, 2009-2010 and 2010-2011.
Table 38. HISTORICAL ENROLMENT BY LEVEL FOR THE LAST THREE (3) YEARS
Lapu-Lapu City
2008-2009 – 2011-2012
2008-
2009-2010 2010-2011 2011-2012
2009
LEVEL INCREASE/ INCREASE/DE INCREASE/

NO. NO. NO. NO.
DECREASE CREASE DECREASE
Elementary 42,557 44,475 4.5% increase 46,075 3.6% increase 57,117 24% increase
Secondary 21,904 23,409 6.87% increase 23,260 0.6% decrease 29,305 26% increase
Tertiary
Voc./tech.
TOTAL
SOURCE: DepEd, 2011
111
Table 39 HISTORICAL ENROLMENT PARTICIPATION RATE FOR THE LAST FIVE (5)
YEARS
Lapu-Lapu City
2005-2006 to 2010-2011
ELEMENTARY
SCHOOL YEAR 2005-2006 2006-2007 2007-2008 2008-2009 2009-2010 2010-2011
Public schools 42,557 44,475

46,610 51,086
Male 22,011 23,144

24,289 26,429
Female 20,546 21,331

22,321 24,657
Private schools 4,569 5,454 5,659

5,027 5,667 6,031
No. Drop-outs 9.17 1,158 873
Drop-out rate 1.91% 2.31% 1.67%
TOTAL
4,569 48,011 50,134
ENROLLEES 5,027 52,277
4,569 5,027 47,094 48,976 51,404
PARTICIPATION
RATE 98.09% 97.69% 98.33%
SECONDARY SCHOOL
SCHOOL YEAR 2005-2006 2006-2007 2007-2008 2008-2009 2009-2010 2010-2011
Public schools 21,904 23,409 25,022

23,871
Male 10,527 11,360 12,509

11,726
Female 11,377 12,049 12,513

12,145
Private schools 3,305 3,462 3,699 3,882 4,283

4,037
TOTAL 3,305 3,462 25,603 27,291 29,305

27,908
SOURCE: DepEd, 2011
112


CDRA
LOCATION CONDITION
1. STEC/ 2.0000 ha. - Within flood prone area
Barangay Basak
2. Basak Elem. School/ 0.8818 ha. - Within flood prone area
Barangay Basak
113
114
115
116
117
Projected Enrolment
The Projected Enrolment for 2011 is 57,117 for the Elementary and
29,305 for the Secondary Level. This is projected to become 58,618 for
the Pre-Elementary Level, 77,722 for the Elementary and 49,668 in the
Secondary by 2024.
Projected Classrooms
The Projected Classrooms for 2011 is 1,282 for the Elementary and 702
for the Secondary. This is projected to become 1,678 for the Pre-
Elementary, 2,223 for the Elementary and 1,242 for the Secondary
Level by 2024
Projected Teachers
The Projected Teachers for 2011 is 1,282 for the Elementary and 702 for
the Secondary. This is projected to become 1,678 for the Pre-Elementary,
2,223 for the Elementary and 1,242 for the Secondary Level by 2024.
118
Table 40. PROJECTED CLASSROOM, TEACHER REQUIREMENTS IN PUBLIC SCHOOLS

BY LEVEL
Lapu-Lapu City
2011-2024
PLANNING PERIOD
LEVEL 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2024
Projected
enrolment
35,47 37,02 38,63 40,32 42,08 43,91 45,83 47,82 49,91 52,09 58,61
Pre-elem
7 4 8 3 1 5 0 8 4 0 8
57,117 47,03 49,08 51,22 53,46 55,79 58,22 60,76 63,41 66,17 69,06 77,72
Elementary
7 8 8 2 3 5 4 3 8 4 2
30,06 31,37 32,73 34,16 35,65 37,21 38,83 40,52 42,29 44,13 49,66
Secondary 29,305
0 1 8 6 6 0 2 6 2 6 8
Classroom
requirements
Pre-elem 1,013 1,058 1,104 1,152 1,203 1,255 1,309 1367 1426 1,489 1,678
Elementary 1,282 1,344 1,403 1,464 1,528 1,594 1,664 1737 1812 1891 1,974 2,223
Secondary 702 752 785 819 855 892 931 971 1014 1058 1,104 1,242
Teacher
requirements
Pre-elem 1,013 1,058 1,104 1,152 1,203 1,255 1,309 1367 1426 1,489 1,678
Elementary 1,282 1,344 1,403 1,464 1,528 1,594 1,664 1737 1812 1891 1,974 2,223
Secondary 702 752 785 819 855 892 931 971 1014 1058 1,104 1,242
SOURCE; DepEd, 2011, CPDO, 2011
119
Education Analysis Matrix

Inadequate school Low quality of education Creation of new teacher

(classrooms) buildings item positions
Inadequate school Increased number of Construction of new

facilities Out-of-school (OSYs) school buildings and
sports facilities
Lack of materials (books Overcrowding of
and armchairs) students per classroom Improvement of existing
school facilities
Lack of teachers Decline in the literacy
standing of students Provide additional
Proliferation of social drinking water facilities
entertainment and drainage system
Implementation of
various health related
programs (feeding, etc)
to improve health status
of pupils/students and
class attendance
Purchase of instructional
materials & armchairs
Passage of ordinance
prohibiting
operation/presence of
social entertainment
within radius of schools
STEC/ Loss of investments Early warning systems

Barangay Basak consider Climate Change
Located in Floor Prone Destroyed educational predictions
Area facilities
120
Basak Elem. School/ Disruption of Classes Cyclone and flood

Barangay Basak resistant buildings
Located in Flood Prone Inadequate lessons
Area imparted to
pupils/students.
121
3.4 PROTECTIVE SERVICES
Data Analysis
PERSONNEL
Police Service
Peace and order situation in the City is stable with the presence of the
301-man police force, 600 barangay tanods,_private security guards and
other volunteer civic groups that are so concerned with the security
condition of the city. The assistance of these concerned groups is of
great help to the undermanned Philippine National Police organization
of the place.
Police manpower of the city is inadequate, with only 301 personnel, a

number which does not meet the population ratio of 500 to one
Policeman. Based on the 2011 projected population of the City, which
shows about 346,982 that needs 694 police men to protect the welfare of
the citizens of the City. There is a gap of 393 police personnel to
compliment the total required number, though every Barangay of the
city has also its own Barangay Tanod Force.
122
Table 41. PROTECTIVE SERVICES (PNP) BY FACILITIES AND EQUIPMENT

Lapu-Lapu City
2011
PERSONNEL
SIZE FACILITIES
TYPE OF TO
LOCATION AREA OF AND
SERVICES POPULATION
FORCE EQUIPMENTS
RATIO
Police Pusok 470 83 1:500 Toyota Innova
Headquarters sq.m. & Tamaraw FX
Sub-station Stn. 2 - Mactan 10 1:500 Toyota Innova

Stn.1 - Olango 7 1:500 Toyota Revo
Stn. 3 - 13 1;500 Toyota Innova
Poblacion
Stn. 4 - 11 1:500 Toyota Innova
Marigondon
Stn. 5 - Pusok 10 1:500 Toyota Innova
TOTAL 470 SQ.
M
SOURCE: Philippine National Police, 2011
Fire Service
The Fire Station has a manpower compliment of eighty-seven (87)

firemen distributed over the different fire station and sub-stations. For
the entire City of Lapu-Lapu the ratio of fire personnel over the
population is 1:3,363.
123
Table 42. PROTECTIVE SERVICES (BFP) BY FACILITIES AND EQUIPMENT

Lapu-Lapu City
2011
PERSONNEL
SIZE FACILITIES
TYPE OF TO
LOCATION AREA OF AND
SERVICES POPULATION
FORCE EQUIPMENTS
RATIO
Fire Protection Central Fire 41 1:3,363 Chemical
Station Firetruck
Supertanker
(Poblacion) Firetruck
Motorcycle
Transrover
Fire Jeep
Marigondon 7 1:2,339 Engine Pumper
Fire-Sub stn Firetruck
Olango Fire- 14 1:2,335 Engine Pumper
Sub stn Firetruck
Babag Fire Sub 12 Super Tanker
stn 1:1,723
Firetruck
Mactan Fire 13 1:1,815
Anos Engine
Sub stn Pumper
Firetruck
TOTAL 87 1:3,988
SOURCE: Bureau of Fire Protection, 2011
124
Table 43. PROTECTIVE SERVICES (BFP) BY FACILITIES AND EQUIPMENT

Lapu-Lapu City
2011
PERSONNEL
NO. OF
STATION/SUB LOCATIO TO VEHICLE CONDI
AREA PERSO
-STATION N POPULATION (12 FIRETRUCKS) TION
NNEL
RATIO
LLC Central Fire R. dela
928 sq.m. 41 1:3,363 (for Chemical fire truck good
Station Serna St.
entire Lapu-
Lapu City) Supertanker fire truck good
Motorcycle good
Transrover good
Fire jeep good
Ambulance (1) good
Marigondon Fire Engine pumper fire
Marigondon 100 sq.m. 7 good
Sub-station truck
Olango Fire Sub- Talima, Engine pumper fire
75.6 sq.m. 14 good
Station Olango truck
Babag Fire Sub- no owned Supertanker Fire
Babag 12 good
Station bldg Truck
bldg not
Mactan Fire Sub-
yet Anos Engine Pumper
Station Mactan 13 good
turned- Fire Truck
over
TOTAL 87
Jail Management and Penology
The City’s Jail Management is manned by sixty-six (66) able personnel

composed of fifty-two (52) female and fourteen (14) male guards
respectively. The office has 2 prisoners’ van wherein one unit is already
of poor condition but serviceable. Seven (7) buildings in good condition
and very comfortable for the prisoners are available as facilities for the
City’s Jail Management. The facilities are all located in Barangay
Soong, Mactan with an area of more than a hectare. The Jail
Management and Penology on the other hand needs at least additional
jail guards to compliment the standard ratio of 1 jail guard per 5 jail
inmates. At present, there are 770 male inmates and 84 female inmates
detained in jail.
125
FACILITIES
Police Service
The City’s police force has one (1) headquarter and seven (7) sub-
stations distributed in the strategic locations of the City including
Tourism Police Station in Maribago. There are forty-one (41) police
service vehicles (16-patrol car, 25-motorcycles) that are presently
being used to monitor peace and order situation of the city.
Fire Service
The City,s Fire Service are as follows: 1. Central Fire Station (Gun-ob),
2. Sub-stations a. Poblacion, 41, b. Marigondon Fire sub-station, 7, c.
Olango Fire sub- station, 14, d. Babag Fire sub-station, 12 and e.
Mactan Fire sub-station, 13. There are also nine (9)
firetrucks/equipments available which are all serviceable. Fire
hydrants are installed in various parts of the City
INDICES
Crime Incidence
Lapu-Lapu City has a manageable peace and order condition. Murder,

homicide, robbery, theft, rape, physical injuries, illegal gambling, illegal
possession of firearms, estafa, dangerous drugs act and other minor
crimes are the types of offenses that mostly happened in the City.
Violation of P.D. 6465 or dangerous drugs act drugs has the most
number of cases. Other crime incidence follows as most places
commonly happen.
With the implementation of the latest memorandum from the higher

headquarters of the PNP, only fifteen (15%) percent of the PNP total
strength is utilized as office personnel to include the City Director and
126
the remaining eighty-five (85%) percent are utilized as members of the

Beat Patrol within its jurisdiction.
Table 44. CRIME INDICES

Lapu-Lapu City
2005-2012
2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
INDEX CRIME (crimes against

627 535 581 553 296 0 0 0
person)
1.1 Murder 23 30 30 38 14
1.2 Homicide Parricide 2 4 4 7 20
1.3 Physical Injuries 201 156 149 116 73
1.4 Robbery 80 86 105 138 74
1.5 Theft 300 233 273 235 101
1.6 Rape 21 26 20 19 14
NON-INDEX CRIME (crimes
435 426 366 337 171 0 0 0
against properties)
2.1 RA 8550 (crimes that violate
8 3 3 8 1
the Fisheries Code of the Phils)
2.2 PD 1602 (crimes involving
29 28 40 16 11
illegal gambling)
2.3 RA 8294 (crimes that
49 44 36 30 16
violate the firearms law)
2.4 RA 9165 (crimes against
63 68 58 32 57
illegal drugs)
2.5 PD 1619 (volatile substance
33 33 13 20 9
- rugby)
2.6 Other Crimes 253 250 216 231 77
CRIME VOLUME 1062 961 947 890 467 0 0 0
CRIME SOLVED 827 765 722 621 336
Average Yearly Crime Rate

35.08 29.53 28.64 25.51 26.97
(AYCR)
Crime Solution Efficiency (CSE%) 77.87% 79.60% 76.24% 69.78% 74.44%
127
Fire Incidence
For the last five years, there were one hundred fifty-four (154) fire
incidents that occurred in the City The most common cause of fire
incidence is caused by electrical short circuit and followed by various
causes. The average annual fire incidence for the period 2005-2008 is
36.5%.
Firetrucks and personnel from neighboring municipalities and cities are

sometimes requested to support during occurrence of big fire.
Table 45. FIRE INCIDENCE FOR THE LAST 5 YEARS

Lapu-Lapu City
2005-2009
BARANGAY ORIGIN/CASE FREQUENCY OF

OCCURRENCE
For 2005 35
Suba-basbas (Lawis) Discarded cigarette butts
Maribago (Buyong) Friction created by ripsaw
Pusok (Maitland) Leaking of a boiler
Malicious lighting of matches
Canjulao (Toril) Electrical short circuit
Mactan Undetermined
Pajo (Sitio Paradise) Unattended left over ember
Mactan (Bagong Silangan) Electrical short circuit
Pajo Unattended mosquito coil
Marigondon (Hawaiian Paradise) Unattended left over ember
Canjulao (Purok Tambis) Electrical short circuit
Maribago Malicious setting of fire
Gun-ob (Osmena St.) Electrical Overloading
Bankal (Mahayahay) Electrical Short circuit
Poblacion (JY dela Cerna St) Welding cutting using acytelene
Basak Market Matches played by children
Gun-ob (Sacred Heart) Unattended lighted candle
Poblacion (DM Dimataga ) Electrical short circuit
Pusok (Airport Road) Lighter played
Maribago (Bagong Bayan II) Electrical short circuit
Mactan (Casanta) Overheating of hot press machine
Mactan (Casanta) Electrical short circuit
Gun-ob (MH del Pilar) Electrical short circuit
Agus (Malinao Falling welding flux on paint residue
Buaya (Saac II) Electrical short circuit
Gun-ob (Purok Saging) Overheating of ceiling fan
128
Gun-ob (Sitio Ceres) Electrical short circuit

Babag (Radar) Discarded cigarette butts
Babag Chemical spark
Mactan (Sea breeze) Unattended cooking
Pajo (MV Patalinghug Ave.) Electrical short circuit
Chemical reaction due to sudden
Babag (Sitio Kolo) change in temp.
Maribago (Buyong) Flying embers
Gun-ob PNB Homes, Humay2x Electrical short circuit
Under investigatio
For 2006
32
Mactan
Gun-ob (Purok Saging)
Pusok (Mustang) Unattended lighted candle
Basak (Ibabao) Fire cracker
Basak (Kagudoy) Matches played by children
Basak (Sitio Upper Kagudoy) Short circuiting of electric motor
Gun-ob Overheated electric fan
Babag (Judas belt) Overheated electric fan
Gun-ob (Kinalumsan)
Basak (MEZ II) Chemical spark
Poblacion (Punta Rizal St.) Lighted candle played by a child
Electrical short circuit
Gun-ob (San Vicente) Electrical spark
Calawisan (Zone Imbao) Unattended bonfire or lighted dried
leaves
Marigondon Electrical short circuit
Punta Engano Spilled out gasoline ignited by oil
Bankal (Acacia) lamp
Basak (MEZII) Electrical short circuit
Pajo (Sangi) Spontaneous combustion of used
Gun-ob (Humayhumay) rugs soaked with thinner
Overheated electric fan
Pusok (Arca) Electrical short circuit
MBEAB (Airbase) Overheated motor compressor of
Bankal (Acasia) refrigerator
Basak Overheated air conditioning unit
Maribago (Datag) Matches played by children
Poblacion (BM Dimataga) Unattended mosquito coil
Pajo (MV Patalinghug Ave.) Electrical short circuit
Electrical misuse
Agus (Ibabao) Leaking LPG
Arcing due to sudden return of power
Looc (Keppel) Spark of acytelene that had ignited a
Pusok (Sitio Lawis) leaking diesoline
Babag Electrical overloading
Chemical reaction
Babag (Radar) Friction due to cutting of wick for
Maribago (loc) firecracker
Under investigation
129
For 2007
Pusok (M. Fernan Bridge) Electrical short circuit 48

Gun-ob (GH del Pilar St.) Electrical overheating
Buaya (Saac I) Overheated television set
Gun-ob (Kinalumsan rd.) Electrical short circuit)
Bankal Matches played by children
Pajac (Sitio Kalubihan) Unattended lighted candle
Canjulao (Kinalumsan) Unattended lighted kerosene lamp
Buaya (Matab-ang) Electrical short circuit
For 2008
Matches played by children 31
Babag (Sitio Kolo) Electrical short circuit
Gun-ob (Humay-humay) Unattended lighted kerosene lamp
Pajo (Gaisano Mactan Electrical short circuit
Pta. Engano (Buot Center) Electrical short circuit
Basak (Kagudoy) Spark from exhaust pipe
Agus (Reliance Motors) Overheated desk fan
Mactan (Soong) Overheated electrical extension wire
Suba basbas (Sto Capilis) Electrical short circuit
Ibo (Sto Commonwealth) Electrical short circuit
Pusok (MEZ I) Overheated engine
Pajo (ML Quezon Hiway) Lighted mosquito coil
Pusok (M. Fernan Bridge) Electrical short circuit
Suba-basbas Arcing due to starting of motor that
Pajo (RD Pawnshop ignited the leaking gasoline
Transient current upon return of
Pusok power supply
Unattended lighted candle
Pusok LPG, leaking hose
Babag (Radar) Overheated electric fan
Gun-ob Overheated electrical wirings of
Canjulao (Sto Bayabas) standby generator
Flammable liquid allegedly ignited
Maribago (Bluewater Beach Resort) intentionally
Pajo Transient high voltage current
Pusok Electrical short circuit
Looc Under investigation
Babag (Timpoloc) Intentional
Canjulao (Toril) Electrical short circuit
Pusok (Airport road) Electrical overloading
Marigondon (Ibabao) Lighted mosquito coil
Agus (Sto Malinao) Unattended lighted vigil candle
Pajo (5th Airmen’s’ village) Allegedly ignited by an unidentified
person
Electrical short circuit of TV
Pusok (Mustang) Under investigation
Basak (Pakpakan) Lighted candles played by children
Gun-ob (1st St. Dimataga Village)
130

For 2009 Thrown cigarette butts in the trash
Looc (Sto Guiwanon) box
Suba basbas (Sto Panas) Unattended lighted candle
8
Pusok (White castle KTV bar) Unattended cooking
Babag Leaking gasoline ignited by sparks
Mactan (Proper) from distributor cap
Pusok Electrical short circuit)
Pajo (Sto Abuno)
131

CDRA
LOCATION CONDITION
Police Service Subject to Storm Surge, sea level
Headquarters and rise and prone to flooding.
Sub-Stations
Fire Service Subject to Storm Surge, sea level

Central Fire Station and rise and prone to flooding.
Sub-Stations
Jail Management and Subject to Storm Surge, sea level

Penology rise and prone to flooding.
Jail Management and
Penoology facilities
132
133
134
135
Police Service Personnel
City’s Police Office needs additional police personnel to fill the gap of
the present requirement.
For the City’s Police Department, an additional of 694 police personnel

is needed to cope up with the ratio of one (1) policeman per 500
population for a highly urbanized city like Lapu-Lapu City. For the
current year 2011, a minimum of 694 uniformed police personnel is
needed. By 2021, the City needs a total of 1,063 Policemen, and in 2024
there is a need to provide 1,203 Policemen.
Acquisition of additional police facilities and equipments shall also be

made to complement the police’s mobility requirement.
Table 46. CURRENT & PROJECTED REQUIREMENT FOR POLICEMEN

Lapu-Lapu City
2011-2024
POLICE FORCE
YEAR PROJECTED POPULATION REQUIREMENT (1
POLICEMAN:500 POP.)
2011 346,982 694
2012 362,110 724
2013 377,898 756
2014 394,375 789
2015 411,569 823
2016 429,514 859
2017 448,241 896
2018 467,784 936
2019 488,179 976
2020 509,464 1,019
2021 531,676 1,063
2024 601,434 1,203
SOURCE: PNP, 2011, CPDS, 2011
NOTE: Computed with the following standard:
Ideal Police-to-Population Ratio = 1 Policeman for every 500 persons.

136
Fire Service Personnel
Based on projections of population, the City’s fire department needs

173 firemen for 2011 and 301 firemen at the end of the planning period
to cope up with the standard ratio of 1 fire personnel to 2,000 populace.
Table 47. CURRENT & PROJECTED REQUIREMENT FOR FIREMEN

Lapu-Lapu City
2011-2024
FIREMEN
YEAR PROJECTED REQUIREMENT
POPULATION (1 FIREMAN:2,000 POP.)
2011 346,982 173

2012 362,110 181
2013 377,898 189
2014 394,375 197
2015 411,569 206
2016 429,514 215
2017 448,241 224
2018 467,784 234
2019 488,179 244
2020 509,464 255
2021 531,676 266
2024 601,434 301
SOURCE: BFP, 2011, CPDS, 2011
NOTE: Computed with the following standards:
Ideal Fireman to Population Ratio = 1 Firemen for every 2,000 persons.
Projected Jail Management and Penology Personnel
Based on the ratio of one (1) jail guard per 5 inmates, the management
needs 105 additional jail guards to cater the number of inmates in the
City Jail.
137
Protective Services Analysis Matrix
Police Service

 Inadequate number of  High crime rate  Hire additional police
personnel personnel
 Drug problem  Purchase additional
 Inadequate logistics to equipments & vehicles
peace keepers  Conduct training and
 Poor visibility of law capability programs for
enforcers enforcers/tanods
 Slow enforcement of 
laws due to lack of
working knowledge
on new laws
 Minimal public
involvement in peace
keeping effort
 Limited capability of
barangay tanods

Headquarters and Subject to Storm Surge, Early warning systems
Sub-Stations sea level rise and prone consider Climate Change
to flooding. predictions
Cyclone and flood
resistant buildings
138
Fire Service

 Inadequate number of  Low efficiency in fire establish coordination
firemen prevention & and cooperation of
 Lack of fire fighting eradication various sectors
gears and equipment to particularly the civil
include fire hydrants society and private
and aerial ladder to sector
cater to high- rise
buildings
barangays to prevent
and combat fire
 Poor implementation of
fire code
 Illegal and unsafe
electrical connections

Central Fire Station and Subject to Storm Surge, Early warning systems
Sub-Stations sea level rise and prone consider Climate Change
Cyclone and flood
resistant buildings
139
Jail Management and Penology

 Congestion of inmates  Unhealthy  Additional prison
in jail facilities environment which cells
 Rapid growth of jail  Additional jail
will result to sickness
population among the prisoners personnel to cater the
 Facility needs  Possible jailbreaks growing number of
improvement prisoners
 Inadequate personnel  Improvement of the
(jail guards) jail facility
 Purchase of additional
prisoner’s van
Jail Management and Subject to Storm Surge, Early warning systems
Penoology facilities sea level rise and prone consider Climate Change
Cyclone and flood
resistant buildings
140
3.5 SPORTS AND RECREATION
Data Analysis
The City of Lapu-Lapu is recently declared as a highly urbanized City.

It introduced and developed different sports and recreational activities
such as : basketball, volleyball, softball, badminton, soccer, lawn tennis,
swimming track and field and indoor games. Since Lapu-Lapu City is
active in participating on the different sports activities sponsored by the
different agencies, sport program is one of the priority programs of the
City to keep its people always active, strong, healthy and to keep them
away from illegal drug addiction.
Inventory of cultural facilities in Lapu-Lapu City indicated that a

number of these facilities (at least 2) are existing in each barangay.
Covered basketball courts and so-called multi- purpose pavements can
be found in almost all barangays of the City. The newly constructed
Lapu-Lapu City Commercial and Entertainment Complex (also known
as Lapu-Lapu City Hoopsdome) is located in Barangay Gun-ob that
can accommodate 8,000 to 10,000 people, fully-airconditioned with
complete comfort rooms.
A number of resorts have swimming pool facilities which are all located
along the beach line of the City but only hotel guests and walk-in
costumers can afford to avail the use of the facility. Even in residential
subdivisions, there are sports facilities located within their premises
but only homeowners and members are allowed to use these facilities.
141


CDRA
LOCATION CONDITION
A number of resorts have Located along the shoreline.
swimming pool facilities
which are all located along
the beach line of the City
Sports and recreational Located along the shoreline.

facilties of all Barangays
located along the
shoreline.
142
143
Even with the presence of these existing facilities, still it is inadequate

for the intended purposes.
The sectoral need is mainly to be able to provide adequate sports,

recreational and socio-economic environment for the city’s populace.
The need for sports and recreation facilities and equipment must be
addressed. The proposed development is to eventually transform all
temporary structures into permanent ones and to construct additional
facilities where and when necessary.
A 15-hectare sports and recreational facility zone located in between the

1st Mactan Bridge and Marcelo Fernan Bridges would answer the
inadequacy for sport services to improve the skills of the Oponganon’s
against other highly-urbanized cities.
144
Sports and Recreation Analysis Matrix

- Low performance on - Low performance of - Conduct regular sports
sports/cultural athletes during and cultural activities
competition competition - Hiring of good trainors
- Lack of good - Conduct regular
coach/trainors training of athletes
-Inadequate area/venue -Development of new sites

for recreation for recreation
- Inadequate recreational - Encourage private
facilities and sector participation at
equipment the barangay level
- Irregular conduct of - Request
sports activities donation/outsource
- Increase number of from private
incidents related to companies as part of
sports their CSR
-integrate logistical
needs in sports in the
investment plan of
barangay
-Motivate communities
and private companies
in initiating sports and
cultural activities
-Passage and
enforcement of sports-
related legislation
A number of resorts have Subject to Storm Surge, Retro-fitting
swimming pool facilities sea level rise and prone Adaptation of design of
which are all located to flooding. facilities which are
along the beach line of resilient to Climate
the City Change and Disasters.
Sports and recreational Subject to Storm Surge, Retro-fitting

facilties of all Barangays sea level rise and prone Adaptation of design of
located along the to flooding. facilities which are
shoreline. resilient to Climate
Change and Disasters.
145
3.6 SOCIAL WELFARE
Data Analysis
Facilities, Personnel and Services
The Department of Social Welfare and Development (DSWD) is the

agency mandated to care, protect and rehabilitate that segment of the
population, which has the least in life in terms of physical, mental and
social well being.
However, with the passage of the Local Government Code of 1991, the
provision of some basic services and facilities have been devolved to
the Local Government Units, as follows:
“Sec. 17 Basic Services and Facilities, -
1. . . . They shall discharge the functions and responsibilities

of national agencies and offices devolved to them….
2. Such basic services and facilities include but not limited to

the following;
a) . . Social Welfare services which include programs and

projects on child and youth welfare, family and
community welfare, women’s welfare, welfare of the
elderly and disabled persons, relief assistance during
disaster/aid to individual in crisis situation, community-
based rehabilitation programs for vagrants, beggars, street
children, scavengers, juvenile delinquents and victims of
drug abuse, livelihood and other pro- poor projects,
nutrition services and family planning “
The local City Social Welfare and Development Office (CSWDO) is

given the role and responsibility to deliver the aforementioned basic
social welfare services to the City of Lapu-Lapu.
146
Clientele Served
Table 48 shows the no. of Population Served by Type of Clientele

Served for the period 2008, 2009 and 2010. Clients served for 2008 were
30,874, for 2009 it was 42,550 and for 2010 it was 61,361.
Table 48. HISTORICAL NUMBER OF POPULATION SERVED BY TYPE OF

CLIENTELE SYSTEM
Lapu-Lapu City
2011
TYPES OF CLIENTELE
SYSTEM NUMBER OF PERSONS SERVED
2008 2009 2010
Disadvantaged Families 8,465 10,307 12,997
Disadvantaged Women 1,542 1,464 1,730
Children Daycare 11,208 10,696 11,088
Protective Services Youth 1,492 1,229 3,278
Persons with Disabilities 1,066 838 2,693
Older Persons 2,898 13,171 25,147
Depressed area Barangay 4,203 4,845 4,428

Assistance
TOTAL SERVED PER 30,874 42,550 61,361

YEAR
SOURCE: City Social Welfare and Development Office, 2011
On-Going Programs and Projects
The On-Going Programs and Projects for 2011, included the Home Care
Center, the Stimulation Therapeutic Activity Center (STAC), the Office
of the Senior Citizen Affairs (OSCA), the Kababay-an Livelihood Project
and the Social Development Center.
147
Table 49. ON-GOING PROGRAMS AND PROJECTS

Lapu-Lapu City
2011
PROGRAMS/PRO LOCATI NATURE BENEFICIARIES

JECTS ON
1. Home Care Tugas, Residential Care Center for 6 to 17 years old CICL,
Center Gun –ob, children in need of special abandoned, neglected
LLC protection victims of abused – (PA ,
SA)
2. Stimulation Soong II, Rehabilitative Services 0-14 years old children with
Therapeutic Activity Mactan, -OT disabilities
Center (STAC) LLC -PT
-SPED
-Soc. Rehabilitation
3. Office of the Pusok, Social Enhancement 60 years above Senior
Senior Citizen Lapu-Lapu Citizens
Affairs (OSCA) City
4. Kababayan-an Pusok, Livelihood Programs and 18-59 year old women

Livelihood Project Lapu-Lapu Projects
City
5. Social Pusok, Processing Central Disadvantaged sectors
Development Center Lapu-Lapu Preplacement Services
City
SOURCE: City Social Welfare and Development Office, 2011
148


CDRA
LOCATION CONDITION
Day Care Centers located Located along the shoreline
in Barangays along the
shoreline.
Other Social Welfare Located along the shoreline

Facilites located along the
shoreline.
149
150
151
Generally, the main situation of the City’s social welfare services is seen
to be inadequate as manifested by the absence of some facilities and
personnel needed to cater to the needs of the lowly sector of the society
particularly the needy families. Aside from the absence of social
welfare facilities, the need to formulate a doable social welfare plan and
to pass a stronger legislative measures to help the less privilege of the
society is strongly recommended.
Rapid population growth and increasing number of households falling

under the poverty threshold will result to the ever-increasing number
of social welfare services clientele which will entail the expansion and
upgrading of the City Social Welfare and Development Office
(CSWDO) facilities and resources and strengthening of the programs
and projects and services responsive to the pressing needs.
The local CSWDO needs to upgrade and expand the following on-
going programs and projects to cover more barangays and clientele:
 Self-employment Assistance – geared towards the provision of

skills for survival as an end-goals of through self-help scheme
livelihood development. The target clientele includes family
heads, women disabled persons and senior citizens and other
needy and disadvantaged adult,
 Day care Services – early childhood care and development of

3-5 years 11 months old pre-schoolers in every barangay
The delivery of social welfare services, programs and projects could be

more efficient with the presence of adequate facilities or centers such as
the following: Day Care Centers, Senior Citizens Care Center,
Homecare Center, STAC (Stimulating Therapeutic Activity Center) and
other needed facilities to answer to the needs of the
clientele/beneficiaries.
152
Social Welfare Analysis Matrix

-Construct facilities to
- Lack of welfare service
Social Welfare Services cater the needy
facility to the needy
can not be provided to -Legislate and
- Inadequate number of
the residents. implement tax measures
personnel
to raise funds for social
- Lack of funds for
welfare assistance
social welfare
-Hire additional
assistance
personnel
-Passage of ordinance in
- Weak legislative Social Welfare Services support to the less
measures to help the can not be provided to privilege by allocating
less privilege the residents. funds to address their
needs
- Increase number of Poverty among the
-Intensify self-
households living residents.
employment assistance
below poverty line
-formulate
- Lack of social welfare Social Welfare Services
comprehensive social
plan can not be provided to
welfare plan
the residents.
Social Welfare Services -Construct day care
can not be provided to centers using
day care centers in
the residents. barangay/city funds
some barangays

Day Care Centers located Subject to Storm Surge, Retro-fitting
in Barangays along the sea level rise and prone Adaptation of design of
shoreline. to flooding. facilities which are
resilient to Climate
Other Social Welfare Subject to Storm Surge, Retro-fitting

Facilities located along sea level rise and prone Adaptation of design of
the shoreline. to flooding. facilities which are
resilient to Climate
153
INTEGRATED SOCIAL SECTOR ANALYSIS MATRIX
Priority Possible Interventions Responsibility Center

Issues/Problems (Policies,
Programs/Projects)
Improve the delivery of  BEMONC and City Health Office
health services through CEMONC
facility upgrading, 1. Repair/renovation of
conduct of Trainings, city hospital as
better/improved CEMONC facility &
services.. Sta. Rosa hospital as
BEMONC facility
respectively
2. Repair/rehabilitation
of health centers
(Pajo, Babag, Basak,
Sta. Rosa, Soong
and Marigondon) as
BEMONC facility
3. Procurement of
CEMONC/BEMON
C equipment
4. BEMONC training of
staff to identified
BEMONC facility
5. Hiring of additional
midwives for
BEMONC facility
 Non- BEMONC
Areas
1. Conduct Community
Managed Maternal
and Newborn Care
Training to health
providers
2. Training of 300
community Health
Workers
3. Reproduction &
distribution of
Mother & Child Book
4. Reproduction &
154
distribution of IEC
materials
5. Conduct of regular
Maternal Health
Review & Reporting
System
6. Training of 55 health
workers on
Adolescent Youth
Health Development
Program (AYHDP)
7. Training on Child
Growth Standard
(CGS) to 55 HW
8. Provision of logistics
supplies and
materials.
Reduce incidence of 1. Intensify IEC through City Health Office

waterborne and food barangay assembly
borne infections on proper waste
disposal &
collections
2. Awareness creation
and health
education on total
sanitation campaign
3. Conduct urban
sanitation through
collection, treatment
and disposal of
human wastes
(septic tank
desludging/
pumping out/
siphoning)
4. Regular conduct of
school sanitation
and hygiene
education
5. Promotion of
community
ecological sanitation
155
by using ecological
toilet
6. Creation of septage
management TWG/
Promotion Team
7. Passing and approval
of Ordinance for
Septage
Management
Program
8. Passing and approval
of Ordinance for
compulsory
construction of
sanitary toilet
(water tight, multi-
chamber) in every
households.
8. LGU allocation of
funds for purchase
of sanitary toilet
bowls (septic tank
should be bottom
sealed)
9. Provision of
additional anpower
(Sanitary Inspector)
10. Procurement of
Chlorine powder
11. Regular conduct of
chlorination to
doubtful water
sources
12. Provision and
construction of
water laboratories
13. Procurement of
water laboratory
equipment &
reagents
All health facilities are 1. Upgrading of city City Health Office

improved to meet the hospital as a
156
Standards thereby CEMONC facility

assuring quality delivery and Sta. Rosa
of services hospital as
BEMONC facility
2. Provision of
additional hospital
equipment
3. Maintenance of
upgraded, renovated
2 hospitals
4. Provision of drugs,
medicines, medical
supplies
5. Upgrading of 6
Health Centers (Pajo,
Babag, Mactan, Sta.
Rosa, Basak and
Marigondon)
- Lack of Medical Hiring/filling-up of City Health Office
Personnel (Olango vacant positions
Mini Hospital)
- Lack of medical Purchase of additional City Health Office

equipment and equipment and
facilities (Lapu-Lapu expansion of existing
District Hospital and facilities to upgrade its
Olango Hospital) standard from Level 1 to
Level 2(Olango Hospital)
from Level 2 to Level 3 )
Lapu-Lapu District
Hospital
- Congested Cemeteries Expansion of the area of City Health Office

the congested City Planning and
Roman Catholic Cemeteries Development Office
Cemetery, Barangay Pajo City DRRMO
Look for new sites for
Mactan Island Memorial additional Cemeteries.
Garden, Barangay
Marigondon
Sta. Rosa Catholic

Cemetery, Barangay Sta.
157
Rosa
Lapu-Lapu City
Municipal Cemetery,
Barangay Gun-ob
-Construct facilities to City Social Welfare and
- Lack of welfare service
cater the needy Development Office
facility to the needy
-Legislate and
implement tax measures
personnel
to raise funds for social
- Lack of funds for
welfare assistance
social welfare
-Hire additional
assistance
personnel
- Weak legislative -Passage of ordinance in City Social Welfare and
measures to help the support to the less Development Office
less privilege privilege by allocating
funds to address their
needs
- Increase number of -Intensify self- City Social Welfare and
households living employment assistance Development Office
below poverty line
-formulate City Social Welfare and
- Lack of social welfare
comprehensive social Development Office
plan
welfare plan
-Construct day care City Social Welfare and
centers using Development Office
day care centers in
barangay/city funds
some barangays
Day Care Centers Retro-fitting City Social Welfare and

located in Barangays Adaptation of design of Development Office
along the shoreline, facilities which are City DRRMO
which is Subject to Storm resilient to Climate
Surge, sea level rise and Change and Disasters.
prone to flooding.
Other Social Welfare Retro-fitting City Social Welfare and

Facilities located along Adaptation of design of Development Office
the shoreline which is facilities which are City DRRMO
Subject to Storm Surge, resilient to Climate
sea level rise and prone Change and Disasters.
to flooding.
158
-Presence of informal Full implementation of City Planning and

settlers along coastal PP No. 346-A Development Office/
areas (Identifying a 25 hectare City Engineer’s Office
lot in Barangay Canjulao
- Proliferation of as site for Urban
informal settlers Development and
Socialized Housing)
- No shelter plan
Allocate funds for
-Insufficient city budget housing projects.
for housing
Coordinate with external
-Non-implementation of partners (e.g. Gawad
laws on informal settlers Kalinga) for housing
programs.
-High population due to
migration Creation of a City
Housing Office.
-Laxity in enforcing
relevant laws Adoption of mitigating
laws to control migration
and discourage
squatting.
- Presence of informal Full implementation of City Planning and

settlers along coastal PP No. 346-A Development Office/
areas, makes it: (Identifying a 25 hectare City Engineer,s Office
lot in Barangay Canjulao City DRRMO
Prone to Storm Surge as site for Urban
Prone to Sea Level Rise Development and
Prone to Flooding Socialized Housing)
 Barangay Basak Early warning systems

 Barangay Bankal consider Climate Change
 Barangay Gun-ob predictions
 Barangay Ibo Cyclone and flood
 Barangay Mactan resistant buildings
 Barangay Pajo
 Barangay Pusok
 Barangay Suba-
basbas
Inadequate school Creation of new teacher Department of

159
(classrooms) buildings item positions Education

City Division Office
Inadequate school Construction of new
facilities school buildings and
sports facilities
Lack of materials (books
and armchairs) Improvement of existing
school facilities
Lack of teachers
Provide additional
Proliferation of social drinking water facilities
entertainment and drainage system
Implementation of
various health related
programs (feeding, etc)
to improve health status
of pupils/students and
class attendance
Purchase of instructional
materials & armchairs
Passage of ordinance
prohibiting
operation/presence of
social entertainment
within radius of schools
STEC/ Early warning systems Department of

Barangay Basak consider Climate Change Education
Located in Floor Prone predictions City Division Office
Area making it prone to Cyclone and flood City DRRMO
Flooding resistant buildings
Basak Elem. School/ Early Warning Systems Department of

Barangay Basak consider Climate Change Education
Located in Flood Prone predictions City Division Office
Area making it prone to Cyclone and flood City DRRMO
Flooding resistant buildings
 Inadequate number of Hire additional police Philippine National

personnel personnel Police
160
 Drug problem  Purchase additional

 Inadequate logistics to equipments & vehicles
peace keepers  Conduct training and
 Poor visibility of law capability programs for
enforcers enforcers/tanods
 Slow enforcement of
laws due to lack of
working
knowledge on new
laws
 Minimal public
involvement in peace
keeping effort
barangay tanods
Headquarters and Early warning systems Philippine National

Sub-Stations consider Climate Change Police
Subject to Storm Surge, predictions DRRMO
sea level rise and prone Cyclone and flood
to flooding resistant buildings
Retro-fitting
 Inadequate number of establish coordination Bureau of Fire Protection

firemen and cooperation of
 Lack of fire fighting various sectors
gears and equipment particularly the civil
to include fire hydrants society and private
and aerial ladder to sector
cater to high- rise
buildings
barangays to prevent
and combat fire
 Poor implementation
of fire code
 Illegal and unsafe
electrical connections
Central Fire Station and Early warning systems Bureau of Fire Protection
Sub-Stations consider Climate Change DRRMO
Subject to Storm Surge, predictions
161
to flooding. resistant buildings

Retro-fitting
 Congestion of inmates  Additional prison Bureau of Jail

in jail facilities cells Management and
 Rapid growth of jail  Additional jail Penology
population personnel to cater the
 Facility needs growing number of
improvement prisoners
 Inadequate personnel  Improvement of the
(jail guards) jail facility
 Purchase of additional
prisoner’s van
Jail Management and Early warning systems `
Penology facilities consider Climate Change
Subject to Storm Surge, predictions
to flooding. resistant buildings
Retro-fitting
- Low performance on - Conduct regular sports Office of the City Mayor/

sports/cultural and cultural activities City Planning and
competition - Hiring of good trainors Development Office/
- Lack of good - Conduct regular City Engineer’s Office
coach/trainors training of athletes
-Inadequate area/venue -Development of new sites Office of the City Mayor/

for recreation for recreation City Planning and
Development Office/
City Engineer’s Office
- Inadequate - Encourage private Office of the City Mayor/
recreational facilities sector participation at City Planning and
and equipment the barangay level Development Office/
- Irregular conduct of - Request City Engineer’s Office
sports activities donation/outsource
- Increase number of from private
incidents related to companies as part of
sports their CSR
-integrate logistical
needs in sports in the
investment plan of
barangay
-Motivate communities
162
and private companies

in initiating sports and
cultural activities
-Passage and
enforcement of sports-
related legislation
A number of resorts Retro-fitting Office of the City Mayor/
have swimming pool Adaptation of design of City Planning and
facilities which are all facilities which are Development Office/
located along the beach resilient to Climate City Engineer’s Office
line of the City, which is Change and Disasters. City DRRMO
subject to Storm Surge,
Sea Level Rise and Prone
to Flooding.
Sports and recreational Retro-fitting Office of the City Mayor/

facilties of all Barangays Adaptation of design of City Planning and
located along the facilities which are Development Office/
shoreline. Which makes resilient to Climate City Engineer’s Office
it subject to Storm Surge, Change and Disasters. City DRRMO
Sea Level Rise and Prone
to Flooding.
163
4. ECONOMIC SECTOR
4.1 INDUSTRY
Data Analysis
1. Situation of Industrial Development in the City
a. Type of Industrial Activities
In 2009, a total of 387 industrial firms operate in the city. This is

dominated by hand craft manufacturing (i.e. stone craft, woodcraft,
shell craft, furniture) accounting 59.70 percent of total. This is followed
by food processing (e.i. pastries, meat, fruit and marine products)
accounting 14.21 percent. The rest are engaged in the manufacture of
electronics, watches, optical equipment, and garments.
Table 50. TYPE OF INDUSTRIAL ACTIVITIES

Lapu-Lapu City
2009
NO. OF
TYPE OF ACTIVITIES % DISTRIBUTION
ESTABLISHMENTS
Stone craft 39 10.08
Woodcraft 15 3.88
Iron works & metal products 26 6.72
Shell craft / Fashion Accessories 130 33.59
Furniture 21 5.43
Sub- Total 59.70
Food Processing 23 5.94
Marine Products 32 8.27
Sub-Total 14.21
Feed Mills & Related Products 4 1.03
Electronics 7 1.81
Chemical Products 12 3.10
Others Not Else Classified 78 20.16
TOTAL 387 100.00
SOURCE: Business Permit & License Office , 2011
164
b. Location of Industries
b.1 By Development Zone
Most of the industrial establishments in Lapu-lapu City are located at

the Central Zone accounting 37.21 percent of total (Table 57). This is
attributed by the presence of MEPZ 2 and Cebu Light Industrial Park.
This is followed by Eastern Zone accounting 27.39 per cent. This is
where most of the small cottage industries producing souvenir items
for tourists are stationed.
The third most industrialized area is the Northern Zone contributing

25.32 percent. Firms located here are large establishments whose
production value accounts more than 80 percent of the city’s total. This
is where the MEPZ 1 is located.
Table 51. NUMBER OF INDUSTRIES BY DEVELOPMENT ZONE

Lapu-Lapu City
2009
DEVELOPMENT ZONE
%
NORTHE EASTE CENT ISLAN TOT
TYPE OF ACTIVITY WESTER SHAR
RN RN RAL D AL
N ZONE E
ZONE ZONE ZONE ZONE
Stone Craft 1 10 18 10 39 10.07
Wood Craft 12 3 15 3.88
Iron Works 7 5 11 2 1 26 6.72
Shell Craft / Fashion Accessories 22 49 44 10 5 130 33.59
Furniture 4 7 9 1 21 5.43
Food Processing 13 1 8 1 23 5.94
Marine Products 1 14 11 3 3 32 8.27
Feed Mill 4 4 1.03
Electronics 5 1 1 7 1.81
Chemical Products 4 7 2 12 3.10
Others Not Else Classified 25 19 32 78 20.16
Total 98 106 144 30 9 387 100 %
% Distribution by Zone 25.32 27.39 37.21 7.75 2.33 100.00 %
SOURCE: Business Permit and License Office, 2011
b.2 By Barangay
The barangay with the most number of establishments is Basak where

21.71 per cent of the establishments are located. This is followed by
165
Barangay Gun-ob (10.08 %), Mactan (8.01 %), Bankal (7.49 %), Agus
(6.20 %), Pajac (5.43 %) and Pajo (5.17 %).
See Table 52 below for the complete breakdown.
Table 52. LOCATION OF ESTABLISHMENTS BY BARANGAY

Lapu-Lapu City
2009
NUMBER OF
NAME OF BARANGAY % DISTRIBUTION
ESTABLISHMENTS
Northern Zone
Poblacion 8 2.07
Pajo 20 5.17
Pusok 17 4.39
Ibo 14 3.62
Buaya 10 2.58
Bankal 29 7.49
Sub Total 98 25.32
Eastern Zone
Mactan 31 8.01
Punta Engano 14 3.62
Maribago 11 2.84
Agus 24 6.20
Marigondon 17 4.39
Subasbas 9 2.33
Sub Total 106 27.39
Central Zone
Gun-ob 39 10.08
Basak 84 21.71
Pajac 21 5.43
Sub-Total 144 37.21
Western Zone
Looc 9 2.33
Canjulao 10 2.58
Calawisan 1 0.26
Babag 10 2.58
Sub-Total 30 7.75
Island Zone
Santa Rosa 3 0.78
Talima 2 0.52
Sabang 2 0.52
San Vicente 2 0.52
Sub-Total 9 2.33
GRAND TOTAL 387 100.00
c. Industrial Employment
Employment in the industry sector totaled 53,446 in year 2000. This

increased to 72,455 in 2008 growing 3.87 percent per year. The sector is
the major employment generator contributing half of the total city’s
166
employment (Table 52). Employment is classified as local and transient

workers. Local workers are those that reside in the city while transient
workers are those residing elsewhere.
In 2000, transient workers were estimated to constitute 30 percent of the

total sectoral employment. This increased to 41 percent in 2008 to
indicate that more workers residing outside the city are hired by local
establishments particularly those located inside industrial zones.
Table 53. TOTAL EMPLOYMENT

Lapu-Lapu City
2000 to 2008
TOTAL % SHARE EMPLOYMENT % SHARE

INDUSTRY
CITY OF THE CLASSIFICATION OF
YEAR EMPLOYME
EMPLOYME INDUSTR TRANSIENT
NT Local Transient
NT Y WORKERS
2000 106,891 53,446 50.00 32,602 20,844 39.00
2005 128,570 62,999 49.00 37,799 25,200 40.00
2008 147,867 72,455 49.00 42,748 29,707 41.00
SOURCE: CPDS, 2011
2. Trend of Development
a. External Trends
a.1 Asian Countries
Worldwide development trends establish the need for greater

participation of Asian countries to take advantage of the trade
liberalization policy and global economic expansion. The need is more
pronounced in crafting the Development Plan of Lapu-lapu City
considering its strategic location in the Pacific Rim, and its dependency
on export. The Pacific Rim will be the global economic core region in
the 21st century. Countries covered include Japan, China, Taiwan,
Thailand, Malaysia, Indonesia, South Korea, Hong Kong and the
Philippines.
Since the later part of 1980’s the ASEAN countries of Thailand,

Indonesia, Malaysia and the Philippines experienced rapid economic
167
growth trying to catch up with the economy of the four tigers (i.e. Hong
Kong, Taiwan, Singapore and South Korea). Presented in Table 54
below are the growths in the economy of selected countries measured
in terms of Gross National Product (GNP)
Table 54 - GNP GROWTH OF ASEAN COUNTRIES

Lapu-Lapu City
1960-1970 to 2000-2005
GROWTH RATE (%)

AREA 1960- 70-80 80-90 90-2000 2000-05
70
ASEAN 5.9 7.6 4.1 7.3 6.5
Four Tigers 8.9 9.1 7.8 11.1 7.9
Japan 10.1 4.6 3.7 4.5 4.1
World 4.7 3.6 2.8 3.8 -0.2
SOURCE: CPDS, 2011
As stated in the OECD’s “The World 2020 Report”, GNP growth for
ASEAN countries is estimated at 7.0 % for 2000-2010 and 6.4 % for 2010-
2020. This forecast concludes a rapid economic growth in Asia in the
next decade. Hence, Lapu-lapu City should treat this as an opportunity
and prepare itself as an investment destination considering its strategic
location, manpower resources and tourism potential.
a.2 Philippines
Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of the Philippines in 2000 was valued at

Php 955 billion. From 2000-2005, GDP increased by 4.00 percent per
annum. Between now to 2020, the economy is projected by NEDA to
grow by 6.5 percent annually. However with the recent financial crisis
of 2008-2009, growth of the economy has been adjusted to grow by 5.5
to 6.5 percent in the next decade. See Table 55 below for the GDP
projected growth rates.
168
Table 55. GDP PROJECTION FOR THE PHILIPPINES

Lapu-Lapu City
2009-2010 to 2011-2020
YEAR 2009-2010 2011-2020
Medium Growth High Medium Growth High

Growth Growth
PHILIPPINES 5.0% 6.0 % 5.5 % 6.5 %
SOURCE: NEDA, 2011
In terms of population, the country has 76.5 million people in year 2000
growing by 2.00 percent yearly since 1995. In 2007 the country’s
population has reached to 88,574,614 people and it is projected that the
projected that the population will be 106 million by 2020 with a 1.51%
growth rate annually.
a.3 Central Visayas
Despite the economic hardship faced by the country in recent years,

Central Visayas experienced positive growth of 4.6 percent from 2000 to
2005 measured in terms of GRDP. This is higher than the national
average of 4.4 percent. This is attributed to its diverse economic base
and export market. Unlike most of the regions in the country, Central
Visayas production is dominated not by agriculture but by the services
and industry sector. In 2005, industry and service sector accounted 31
percent and 57 percent respectively to total GRDP with agriculture
contributed only 12 percent.
The economy of Central Visayas is projected to grow by 5.0 to 6.0

percent in the next decade (2010 to 2020) with growth likely to come
from industry and services. Since Metro Cebu is the proclaimed
regional growth center, it will benefit most of the increase in economic
activities of the region. Within the industry sector, manufacturing
established itself as the dominant sub-sector contributing 21 percent of
the sector output. Trade, on the other hand, is the leading sub-sector
within the services sector accounting 33 percent of the total sector
production. Recently, e-services and information and communication
technology (ICT) is the fastest growing industry in the region.
169
a.4 Cebu Province
It is estimated that Cebu Province accounts 80 percent of the region’s

output, while the remaining 20 percent are shared by the provinces of
Bohol, Negros Oriental and Siquijor. The center of economic activities
of the province is Metro Cebu composed of 4 cities, including Lapu-
Lapu City, and 6 municipalities. As the premier industrial, commercial
and service center of Central Visayas, Metro Cebu is host to various
manufacturing industries, shopping centers, educational institutions,
financial firms, and other service-oriented establishments that cater not
only to the people in the region but also to those from other provinces
in the Visayas and Mindanao.
Industries in the province ranges from traditional agri-based food

processing to those that support tourism and hi-tech industries like
microchip manufacture. Most of the agri-based processing plant gets its
raw materials from neighboring provinces in Visayas and Mindanao.
Factors that makes Metro Cebu a favorite investment destination is the
existence of good seaport and airport facilities, available skilled labor
force, good support service amenities, and favorable peace and order
situation.
.
b. Internal Trends
b.1 Lapu-Lapu City
The City of Lapu-Lapu plays a vital role to the overall development of

Cebu Province and to Region VII as a whole. The Mactan International
Airport provides the gateway of the region to the rest of the world and
serves as transshipment point by air of cargoes and people plying to
and from neighboring provinces in the Visayas and Mindanao. This
factor favors the proliferation of airport oriented high value added
industries.
The historic significance of the city, its attractive coastline with world-
class resort hotels makes the area a prime destination to foreign and
domestic tourist. Considering that tourism enhances goodwill among
nations, the city has become a show window of Philippines culture,
products and sea sports activities. The presence of three progressive
economic zones made Lapu-Lapu City an important industrial center of
170
the region as well as the country at large. Geared to supply the needs of
the modern world, it has become the melting pot of technology thus
upgrading further the labor skills of Central Visayas.
Lastly, receipts from tourism and export manufacturers contributed to

the much needed dollar for our country to sustain development.
b.2 Export Performance
The top ten exports of Central Visayas in 2005 are shown in Table 56
below. These commodities have been the leading export earners since
1997.
Table 56. TOP TEN EXPORTS OF CENTRAL VISAYAS

Lapu-Lapu City
2005
PRODUCT EXPORT VALUE PERCENTAGE

(IN MILLION US DOLLAR) SHARE
Electronics 698 28.78 %
Furniture 193 07.97 %
Other Industrial Goods 168 06.93 %
Electrical Equipment 144 05.94 %
Garments 144 05.94 %
Steel / Metal 72 02.97 %
Vehicles / Machinery 72 02.97 %
Marine Products 48 01.98 %
Gifts, toys and house ware 24 00.98 %
Fashion Accessories 24 00.98 %
Sub-total 1,587 65.44 %
Other Exports 838 34.56 %
TOTAL EXPORTS 2,425 100.00 %
SOURCE: DTI 7, 2011
The growth of the region’s export was stimulated and sustained by

exports from MEPZ 1 and 2, which in 2000 contributed 67.81 percent of
the total exports of the region. In 2003, total export value of Mactan
Economic Zone (MEZ) I, Mactan Economic Zone II, and Cebu Light
Industrial Park amounted 1,718 million US dollars or 52.18 percent to
total exports of Central Visayas of 3,291 million as shown in Table 57.
171
Table 57. CENTRAL VISAYAS EXPORT VALUE

Lapu-Lapu City
1995 – 2003
(in million US Dollar)
Port of Origin / Entry 1995 2000 2003 Average Growth

Total Region VII Exports 1,454.08 2,830.83 3,291.95 10.75 %
Cebu Port 486.28 892.57 1,553.65 15.63 %
MEPZ 1 895.95 1,642.47 1,439.65 6.11 %
MEPZ 2 - 277.00 278.09 .13 %
MEPZ Sub-Total 895.95 1,919.47 1,717.74 8.48 %
Share of MEPZ to Reg. 7 Total 61.61 % 67.81 % 52.18 % 60.53 %
SOURCE: Bureau of Customs 7, DTI 7, 2011
Most of the firms situated inside the zones are engaged in the
manufacture of electronic, watches, optical equipment, garments and
other light industries. Currently, electronics and furniture continued to
be the region’s biggest export earner.
b. 3 Economic Zone Development
Location and Size
There are nine economic zones in Central Visayas all of which are in
Cebu. Six are located in Metro Cebu and the remaining three are in
Danao City, Balamban, and Bogo. The size and number of locators per
eco-zone are presented in Table 58.
172
Table 58. SPECIAL ECONOMIC ZONES

NAME, LAND AREA, AND NUMBER OF LOCATORS
Lapu-Lapu City
1998-2005
AREA NUMBER OF LOCATORS

NAME / LOCATION
(HAS.) 1998 2001 2005 AGR
Mactan Export Processing Zone 1 150 100 109 115
Mactan Eco-zone 2 63 18 34 42
Cebu Light Industrial Park, Mactan 70 2 2 7
Sub-Total for Mactan Island 283 120 145 164 4.56 %
New Cebu Township, Naga, Cebu 123 3 3 5
West Cebu Industrial Park, Balamban 202 5 5 6
Bogo Special Economic Zone 41 0 0 2
Civic Trade Center, Ayala I.T. Park 24 - 1 10
Mitsumi Realty Inc. Eco-zone, Danao 50 1 1 1
South Roads Properties - Cebu City 300 - - -
TOTAL 1,023 129 155 188 5.52 %
SOURCE: NEDA 7, 2011
Employment History
In year 2000, about 16 percent of total industrial employment in Region

VII comes from the three ecozones in Lapu-lapu City employing
around 38,000 workers. This increased to 52,000 in 2008 growing by an
average of 4.00 percent annually (Table 59).
Table 59. ECOZONE EMPLOYMENT

Lapu-Lapu City
2000 – 2008
LAPU-LAPU AVERAGE % SHARE OF

ECOZONE
CITY TOTAL ANNUAL EMPLOYMENT
YEAR TOTAL
INDUSTRIAL GROWTH INSIDE THE
EMPLOYMENT
EMPLOYMENT RATE (%) ECOZONE
2000 53,446 38,000 0.71

2005 62,999 45,000 3.44 0.71
2008 72,455 52,000 4.94 0.72
SOURCE: NEDA Region 7, 2011
173


CDRA
LOCATION CONDITION
Industrial Zone/Special 208.21 has. This facility is located near the

Economic Zone (SEZ) shore, which makes it vulnerable to:
- Storm Surge
- Sea Level Rise
- Flooding
174
175
Projected Employment of Industries
Taking into account the 3.87 percent historical growth of employment

in the sector in the last decade, employment is projected to increase at
4.00 percent from 2010 to 2015 and 5.00 percent from 2015 to 2025
(Table 60). This estimate assumes a recovery in the economy of Japan,
United States of America, and other European countries.
Table 60. PROJECTED EMPLOYMENT

Lapu-Lapu City
2010 to 2024
PROJECTED GROWTH
YEAR
EMPLOYMENT RATE
2008 72,455
2010 76,868 3.87 %
2015 93,522 4.00 %
2020 119,360 5.00 %
2024 152,336 27.63%
SOURCE: CPDS, 2011
Projected Ecozone Employment
Employment in the ecozones is projected to increase from 52,000 in 2008

to 62,378 in 2015. This expected to further increase to 67,148 by the end
of the planning period. Percentage share of the ecozones in
employment generation is expected to increase from 72 percent in 2008
to 65.00 percent by 2020, and 69.69% in 2024. (Table 61).
176
Table 61. PROJECTED ECOZONE EMPLOYMENT

Lapu-Lapu City
20010 to 2024
LAPU-LAPU CITY
ECOZONE
PROJECTED % SHARE OF
YEAR PROJECTED
INDUSTRIAL ECOZONE
EMPLOYMENT
EMPLOYMENT
2008 72,455 52,000 71.76 %
2010 76,868 55,345 72.00 %
2015 89,111 62,378 70.00 %
2020 103,304 67,148 65.00 %
2024 152,336 106,163 69.69%
SOURCE: CPDS, 2011
Development Potentials And Constraints
A. Development Potentials
The comparative advantage of Lapu-lapu City as an investment area for
industrial development is unmatched elsewhere in the Philippines. This
is brought about by its unique features as described below:
 Strategic Location
Lapu-lapu City enjoys a strategic location in the global arena,

particularly in the Asian market. It sits in the middle of the Pacific Rim
surrounded by Japan, Korea, Taiwan, Hong Kong, and other ASEAN
countries. The island’s proximity to these countries provides advantage
of the area as investments site. The island also lies at the center of the
Philippine archipelago providing better access to local market.
 Presence of Economic Zones
The three ecozones in the city houses almost a hundred multi-national

companies employing around 50,000 workers with a total payroll of
Php 150 million monthly. These amenities enable the city to benefit the
economic spill over effect. Not only did this increase the purchasing
power of the public but it also resulted to the emergence of corollary
commercial activities all over Mactan Island.
 Developed Transport Network
177
The existence of a developed airport, seaport and land transport system

that links it to large markets provides an opportunity for industrial
expansion. The presence of an international airport is the main reason
why the island was chosen as the site of a major export processing zone
in the country. The airport also serves as the main entry point of
Central Visayas to the rest of the world. The seaport provides amenities
to ferry large and exportable commodities by sea and provides access to
neighboring large urban centers in the Eastern Visayas and Northern
Mindanao.
 Abundance of Skilled Labor
The proximity of Lapu-lapu City to Cebu City - the leading education

center in the Southern Philippines makes available good number of
graduates for industrial employment. With diverse economic base of
Metro Cebu, experienced workers of varied disciplines abound in the
city.
 Existence of World Class Tourist Facilities with Safe

Surrounding
The existence of hotels of international standard motivates investors to

locate their investment in the area. This provides recreation and
conference facilities necessary in business planning and marketing. This
is made more appealing with good peace and order condition.
B. Development Challenges
To fully exploit the potential of the city, several concerns need to be

addressed. These include:
 Limited Capital for Investment
The limited number of local entrepreneur with capital to invest coupled

with the meager resources of government to finance infrastructure
development, and the less coordinated and less effective investment
promotion campaign of government to bring foreign investments into
the city, are challenges to be overcome within the planning period.
178
 Worldwide Recession and Relatively Small Domestic Market
The economic recession experience by most of the region’s foreign

trading partners slowed down demand for goods produced locally.
This is further aggravated by the limited domestic market due to
meager population size and low household income to warrant
consumption of high priced durable goods.
 Sub-standard Infrastructure
To enhance the comparative advantage of Lapu-Lapu City as an

investment destination, the following infrastructures have to be
upgraded: 1) transportation system to include roads, ports, airports; 2)
public utilities to include water, power and communication; 3) drainage
and sewerage system; 4) solid waste disposal system; 5) other service
and protective infrastructure like business centers, public markets,
water hydrants, police and fire department buildings.
 Uncertain Long-Term Water Supply
Water in Mactan is supplied by Metro Cebu Water District (MCWD)

taken from the underground aquifer of mainland Cebu that is already
stressed due to unregulated extraction. The massive water extraction
along the coastline has brought intrusion of salt water into the aquifer
affecting water quality and threatens the long-term sustainability of
supply. This is further aggravated with high water rate, increasing cost
to do business in the city.
 Limited Land for Industrial Expansion
Being an island city with small geographic area, limits the land
available for industrial use. This is further aggravated with too
segmented land ownership and the difficulty in the acquisition of right
of way has increased the cost of putting up business in the city
discouraging investment.
 Poor Coordination of Development Efforts
Coordination in the development effort between national and local

government offices mandated to oversee progress in the industrial
179
sector is wanting. Example is the working relation between LGU and

Mactan International Airport Authorities and between MEPZ and local
government of the city. Similarly there is a need to strengthen the
institutions task to coordinate development efforts between private and
public sector in order to improve overall investment climate.
 Weak Industry Link
Industries located inside the economic zones are not link to industries
located outside. Most semi-processed raw material inputs are imported
depriving the economy of the value added incurred in the various
stages of production. This scenario resulted to the development of an
enclave economy where growth is contained inside the ecozone
limiting its spill over effect to the rest of the city.
 Destruction of the Environment
Industrialization if not properly manage will pollute the air and water
quality of the island. Increase in economic activity will result to the
corresponding increase in the volume of solid waste aggravating the
garbage problem of the city. Serious damage to mangrove and coral
reefs has resulted due to rapid industrialization and urbanization.
 Economic Dislocation
Reclamation of the shallow coastline will deprive local residence of

livelihood from marginal shell and fish gathering in the coastal waters
and tidal flats. Henceforth, this may raise conflict with coastal dwellers,
foreshore leaseholder, and businessmen for disrupting their socio-
economic activities highly dependent on the marine resources.
Land Requirement
Considering the limited local labor force of the city and the magnitude
of demand for employment by the industrial establishments, transient
workers are relied upon to supply the shortage. Therefore, the basis for
determining space requirement for the industry sector is the
employment projection and not population size.
a. With-in Ecozone
180
Based on survey conducted in the various ecozones in Cebu, a labor to

land ratio of 250 workers per hectare of ecozone land is established.
Given the projected ecozone total employment and applying the labor
to land ratio of 250 workers per hectare, land requirement for economic
zones in Mactan is computed and presented in Table 62.
Table 62. PROJECTED LAND REQUIREMENT

SPECIAL ECONOMIC ZONE, MACTAN ISLAND
Lapu-Lapu City
2008 - 2024
YEAR ESTIMATED LABOR :LAND LAND

EMPLOYMENT RATIO REQUIREMENT
(PER HECTARE) (IN HECTARES)
2008 52,000 250 workers per hectare 208
SOURCE:CPDS, 2011
b. Gap Analysis
Given the projected land requirements and given the land area of the
three existing economic zone in the city, the demand-supply gap is
computed as shown in Table 63.
Table 63. PROJECTED DEMAND-SUPPLY GAP FOR INDUSTRIAL LAND

ECONOMIC ZONE, MACTAN ISLAND
Lapu-Lapu City
2008 -2024
YEAR DEMAND (IN SUPPLY (IN GAP

HAS.) HAS.) (SURPLUS)
2008 208 283 (75)
2010 221 283 (62)
2015 250 283 (33)
2020 269 283 (14)
2024 288 283 (-5)
SOURCE: CPDS, 2011

The table indicates a supply surplus of 62 hectares in 2010. By 2015 and
2020, a surplus of 33 and 14 hectares respectively is projected. However
by 2024 the surplus is -5.
181
c. Outside Established Industrial Estate
Based on field survey, a labor to land ratio of 300 workers per hectare
for establishment located outside industrial zones has been established.
Given the projected total employment outside the industrial zones and
applying the labor to land ratio of 300 workers per hectare, land
requirement is computed and presented in Table 64.
Table 64. PROJECTED LAND REQUIREMENT OUTSIDE INDUSTRIAL ESTATES

Lapu-Lapu City
2008 - 2024
LAND
ESTIMATED LABOR :LAND RATIO
YEAR REQUIREMENT
EMPLOYMENT (PER HECTARE)
(IN HECTARES)
SOURCE, CPDS, 2011
182
Industry Analysis Matrix

1. Lack of Conflict of policies Close coordination with

coordination between MEZ and LGU
MEZ Administration and
LGU
2. Proliferation of Conflict in Land Use 10-year phase-out period

small scale industries
outside MEZ

Industrial Zone/Special Site is vulnerable to: Early warning systems
Economic Zone is located consider Climate Change
near the shore. - Storm Surge predictions
- Sea Level Rise Cyclone and flood
- Flooding resistant buildings
Retro-fitting of all
Loss of investments existing
Destroyed Industrial buildings/structures
Facilities which are not resilient to
calamities/disasters.
183
4.2 COMMERCE AND TRADE
Data Analysis
1. Overview of the Sector
Services sector includes economic activities related to transportation,

storage, communication, wholesale and retail, banking and finance, real
estate, private services (i.e. education, medical, hotel and restaurant,
recreation and culture) business services, personal services and
government services.
Classified as a highly urbanized city having a tourism and industry

inclined economy with very limited agricultural potential due to land
constraint, services sector is the biggest contributor in terms of
employment and production value. In the absence of Gross City
Domestic Product Income Account, value of production of Lapu-lapu
City could not be ascertained. However, based on Gross Regional
Domestic Product (GRD) of Central Visayas, the service sector
contributed 55 percent of total value of goods and services produced in
the economy in 2005 growing by 9.00 percent annually in the last
decade.
2. Situation of the Sector
2.1 Type and Number of Service Activity
Service sector in Lapu-Lapu City is dominated by hotel and restaurant,

wholesale and retail, real estate renting, transportation and storage
(Table 65). In 2007, 654 service establishments were registered with the
business permit and license office. . This increased to 801 in 2008
increasing by 22.47 per cent.
Significant growth is in transportation and storage increasing by 55.00

percent, followed by real estate development and renting (48.19 %),
wholesale and retail (34.17 %), education (32.35 %) and health with
22.22 %.
184
Table 65. TYPE OF SERVICE ESTABLISHMENTS

Lapu-Lapu City
2007 – 2008
NO. OF ESTABLISHMENTS % GROWTH

TYPE OF ACTIVITY DISTRIBUTION RATE
2007 2008 (2008) (%)
Hotel and Restaurant 339 378 47.19 11.50
Wholesale and Retail 79 106 13.23 34.17
Banking and Finance 15 17 2.12 13.33
Transportation & Storage 20 31 3.87 55.00
Real Estate Dev. & Renting 83 123 15.36 48.19
Education 34 45 5.62 32.35
Health 9 11 1.37 22.22
Others 75 90 11.24 20.00
TOTAL 654 801 100.00 22.47
2.2 Location of Establishments
The existing Central Business District of Lapu-lapu City is found at the

Poblacion. It is the trading center where the Main Public Market as its
main features complemented by the wholesale and retail stores, eateries
and the main transportation terminal facility. Over the years, the CBD
stretched up to the New City Hall in the north and along to main road
of Barangay Basak.
A commercial center is developing at the entrance of MEPZ 2.

Secondary satellite centers are likewise emerging at Barangay Buaya,
Mactan, Maribago, Marigondon and Calawisan. This is complemented
by the presence of tricycle terminal and public markets. (see Growth
Centers Map at Module I, for the Location Map of Secondary Growth
Centers.
Noticeable in the character of the CBD and satellite centers is the

mixed-use of land accommodating commercial, industrial, institutional
and residential structure. Hotels and resorts are mostly located in the
Eastern Zone where 63.33 percent of the establishments are located
(Table 66).
185
Table 66. LOCATION OF HOTELS AND RESORTS

Lapu-Lapu City
2011
BARANGAY DEVELOPMENT NUMBER OF % DISTRIBUTION

LOCATION ZONE HOTELS
Maribago Eastern Zone 10 33.33
Mactan Eastern Zone 3 10.00
Punta Engano Eastern Zone 2 6.67
Agus Eastern Zone 1 3.33
Suba-basbas Eastern Zone 2 6.67
Marigondon Eastern Zone 1 3.33
Sub-Total 19 63.33
Pajo Northern Zone 3 10.00
Poblacion Northern Zone 1 3.33
Pusok Northern Zone 5 16.67
Sub Total 9 30.00
Gun-ob Central Zone 1 6.67
Talima Island Zone 1 3.33
Sub Total 2 6.67
TOTAL 30 100.00
2.3 Land Area
Land area utilized to accommodate the service sector could not be

ascertained. This is primarily due to mixed-use of land. However based
on survey result, it is established that for every employee in the service
sector, 20 square meter of commercial / institutional land is required.
Using this assumption, total area used for commercial / institutional;
use is computed at 136 hectares or 2.12 percent of the total land area of
the city.
2.4 Employment
Employment in the service sector is estimated at 68,019 in 2008

contributing 46.00 percent of the total employment of the city (Table
67). These are mostly in the hotel and restaurant business, wholesale
and retail trading, and transportation service accounting 65 percent of
total employment in the service sector.
186
Table 67. CURRENT EMPLOYMENT IN THE SERVICE SECTOR

Lapu-Lapu City
2011
SECTORAL EMPLOYMENT SIZE

TOTAL
YEAR AGRICULTUR
EMPLOYMENT
E INDUSTRY SERVICES
2008 147,867 7,393 72,455 68,019
% Distribution 100.00 % 5.00 % 49.00 46.00
SOURCE: Study Team Estimate, 2911
187


CDRA
LOCATION CONDITION
1. Commercial Flooding area
establishments within
the Public Market.
2. Public Market Flooding area
3. Commercial Subject to flooding

establishments found
along the 1st Mactan
Bridge.
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
Development Challenges
1. Congestion in Central Business District (CBD)
The current CBD particularly in the vicinity of the City Public Market is
congested. Roads are narrow and poorly designed resulting to traffic
congestion. This is aggravated with the presence of side walk vendors.
Expansion of commercial areas is constraint with limited land. Local
government policy to decongest the CBD is unclear in the absence of a
sound physical framework strategy.
2. Inadequate Service Amenities
Service facilities are still inadequate to meet the demand of a rapidly

growing economy and population. Consumers will have to travel to
Cebu City to do their shopping needs, avail of health, education
facilities and other service amenities. In the process, the economic
benefits derived from the transaction are accrued to the economy of
Cebu City.
3. Lack of Support Infrastructure
Support infrastructures are not sufficient to attract massive investment

in the service sector along desired location. Narrow road in built-up
areas resulted to traffic congestion and production inefficiency. The
absence of an international port puts added transport cost to export-
oriented industries.
Uncertain long-term water supply is a disincentive to investors in the

service sector. The occurrence of flooding in certain commercial areas
causes discomfort to customers. The lack of public markets in outlying
barangays, force household to travel to the Poblacion.
The absence of a modern slaughterhouse force producers to slaughter

their produced in an uncontrolled environment. This practice threatens
the sanitation of meat sold to the public.
198
4. Poor Land Use Management
Proliferation of mix use buildings in residential areas where real

property taxes are low resulted to conflicting land usages and
production inefficiency. This is brought about by certain weakness in
the land use and zoning ordinance or weak enforcement of the law.
Development Needs
1. Expansion in the Service Sector
The service sector should be expanded and diversified. This includes

the establishments of additional large department stores, wholesaling,
specialty shops, professional offices, hospital and universities, and
other entertainment facilities.
2. Decongest Existing Central Business District (CBD)
A need to decongest the current CBD and to disperse development to

other potential secondary growth centers is called for. A settlement
hierarch development strategy needs to be formulated.
3. Improvement of Support Infrastructure
If Lapu-lapu City is to become a leading haven of tourist and

investment, basic support infrastructure has to be expanded,
modernized and adaptive to effects of climate change. These include
the expansion of the road network, establishment of an inter-modal
transportation system, improvement of the water supply system,
implementation of an integrated drainage and sewerage system,
establishment of an international port, and the upgrading of Mactan
International Airport to accommodate future needs of the region.
4. Expansion of Commercial Areas
The need to disperse commercial and business establishments to other

secondary centers is imminent. Additional commercial and institutional
areas have to be allocated to accommodate foreseen expansion. This
calls for the updating of the land use plan and zoning ordinance of the
199
city. Based on estimate, the service sector will require a total of 425
hectares by 2020.
5. Establishment of Satellite Markets and Slaughterhouse
To cut down travel time and cost in marketing, there is a need to

establish satellite markets in strategic points of the city. A AAA-rated
slaughterhouse is a basic facility needed by a highly urbanized city
with huge population size. This will assure fresh and sanitary meat sold
to its populace.
Projections
Projected Employment
With the expected rapid growth in population and the development of

tourism and its allied industry, employment in the service sector is
projected to increase from 68,019 in 2008 to 141,915 growing by 6.32
percent yearly. Share of the sector to total employment is expected to
increase from 48.00 percent in 2008 to 59.00 percent at the end of the
planning period (Table 68).
Table 68. PROJECTED DISTRIBUTION OF EMPLOYMENT BY SECTOR

Lapu-Lapu City
2008-2024
TOTAL EMPLOYMENT BY SECTOR % DISTRIBUTION

YEA
EMPLOY INDUST SERVIC INDUST SERVICE
R
MENT AGRI RY ES AGRI RY S
2008 147,867 7,393 72,455 68,019 5.00 49.00 46.00
2010 158,406 7,920 76,035 74,451 5.00 48.00 47.00
2015 202,171 8,087 88,955 105,129 4.00 44.00 52.00
2020 258,027 10,321 105,791 141,915 4.00 41.00 55.00
2024 313,883 12,555 122,627 178,701 4.00 40.00 59.00
200
Projected Land Requirements
With expected increase in population and employment, land

requirement for the sector is projected to increase from 136 hectares in
2008 to 536.11 hectares in 2024.
Share of the area classified as commercial / institutional to total land

area of the city will increase from 2.12 percent in 2008 to 8.35 percent in
2024. To have enough space for a better service delivery, employment
to land ratio is targeted to increase from 20 square meters per employee
to 35 (Table 69).
Table 69. SERVICE SECTOR LAND REQUIREMENT

Lapu-Lapu City
2008-2024
AREA LAPU-LAPU
EMPLOYMEN RATIO
YEAR REQUIRED CITY LAND % SHARE
T SIZE (IN SQ.M)
(IN HAS) AREA (HAS.)
2008 68,019 1:20 136.00 6,424 2.12

2010 74,451 1:25 148.90 6,424 2.32
2015 105,129 1:30 315.39 6,424 4.91
2020 141,915 1:30 425.75 6,424 6.63
2024 178,701 1:35 536.11 6,424 8.35
201
Commerce and Trade Analysis Matrix

1. Traffic congestion Increase of travel time, To formulate Traffic
loss of revenues, Management Plan
business opportunities Implement road
widening
Implementation of Night
Market
2. Lack of business loss of revenues Enhancement of Tax

permits Mapping of Business
establishments

3 Commercial Site is vulnerable to: Early warning systems
establishments within - Storm Surge consider Climate Change
the Public Market - Sea Level Rise predictions
located in flooding - Flooding Cyclone and flood
area Loss of investments resistant buildings
Destroyed Industrial Retro-fitting of all
Facilities existing
buildings/structures
which are not resilient to
4 Public Market located Site is vulnerable to: Early warning systems
in flooding area - Storm Surge consider Climate Change
- Sea Level Rise predictions
- Flooding Cyclone and flood
Loss of investments resistant buildings
Destroyed Commercial Retro-fitting of all
Facilities existing
202
5. Commercial Site is vulnerable to: Early warning systems

establishments found - Storm Surge consider Climate Change
along the 1st Mactan - Sea Level Rise predictions
Bridge. Are subject to - Flooding Cyclone and flood
flooding Loss of investments resistant buildings
Destroyed Commercial Retro-fitting of all
Facilities existing
203
4.3 AGRICULTURE
Data Analysis
1. Sectoral Overview
Agriculture sector covers the sub-sector on crops, livestock and poultry,

fisheries, and forestry. Except for fishery, the development potential of
agriculture for Lapu-lapu City is limited due to land constrain. With
only 6,424 hectares of land area, the geology of the Mactan Island is
mostly coral based, with little top soil for crop cultivation.
Secondly, classified as highly urbanized city and part of the Cebu

Metropolis urban type of development is appropriate. As the site of the
second largest international airport in the country, a leading tourist
beach destination, and houses one on the more important export
processing zone in the Philippines, its comparative advantage is
towards the development of the service and industrial sector.
However meager is development potential of agriculture, a significant

number of its population is still dependent on fishery and livestock
production as their livelihood. The protection and rehabilitation of its
marine resources will compliment the tourism thrust of Lapu-lapu City.
2.1 General Land Characteristics
Lapu-lapu City is generally flat with a topographic slope of 0 to 3 %. Its

geology is mostly coral and difficult to undertake excavation work. It
has small patches of top soil where marginal farming is being
undertaken. About 40 % of the area is of rocky terrain with no major
river or creek. The porous characteristic of the soil enables the run-off
water to seep through. Soil type is classified as: Bolinao Clay, Faraon
Clay, Beach Sand and Hydrosol.
2.2 Area Devoted to Agriculture
Based on the existing land use plan of the city, no area is officially
classified as agriculture land. However, in 2008, around 409 hectares
204
were actually devoted to agriculture constituting 6.37 percent of the

city’s total land area of 6,424 has. Of the land devoted to agriculture,
fishpond cultivation occupies the largest share with 62.10 percent,
followed by mangrove forest with 23.23 percent (Table 70).
Table 70. AGRICULTURE LAND AREA

Lapu-Lapu City
AREA DEVOTED (HAS.) % DISTRIBUTION

AREA DEVOTED
2007 2008 2007 2008
Crop Production 80.00 55.00 18.22 13.45
Livestock & Poultry 7.00 5.00 1.59 1.22
Fishpond Cultivation 254.00 254.00 57.86 62.10
Mangrove Area 98.00 95.00 22.32 23.23
439.00 409.00 100.00 100.00
TOTAL
SOURCE: Lapu-lapu City Agriculture Office, 2011
2.3 Area and Production
2.3.1 Crops
Cassava and banana are the only major crops of the city. In 2008, area
planted to these crops totaled 55 hectares with total production of 600
tons. This is a large decline from the 2007 production figure of 1,000
tons. Cassava is more prevalent contributing 83.33 percent of total
production in 2008 (Table 71).
Table 71. AREA PLANTED AND PRODUCTION

Lapu-Lapu City
2007-2008
AREA PLANTED (IN PRODUCTION (IN

TYPE OF HAS.) % TONS) %
CROP DECREASE DECREASE
2007 2008 2007 2008
Cassava 80 50 (37.50) 800 500 (37.50)
Banana 10 5 (50.00) 200 100 (50.00)
TOTAL 90 55 (38.88) 1,000 600 (94.00)
Current Program on Crop Production
The government through the City Agriculture’s Office is undertaking

the following programs: nursery establishments, seeds production and
205
dispersal, demonstration farm, and technical assistance and extension

service to marginalized farmers.
2.3.2 Livestock and Poultry
Livestock producing areas in Lapu-lapu City are in Barangays Bankal,

Gun-ob and Canjulao. In 2008, only two hectares were devoted to
piggery with total production of 250 heads valued at Php 675,000 .
Commercial piggery farms are located in Bankal and Gun-ob, while
those in Canjulao are classified as backyard farming.
Poultry farms are located in Barangay Agus, Bankal and Marigondon.

All farms are engaged in broiler farming with aggregate production
level of 8,000 heads in 2008.
Table 72. POULTRY FARMS SIZE OF FARM AND PRODUCTION LEVEL

Lapu-Lapu City
2008
AREA PRODUCTION
PRODUCT
TYPE BARANGAY (IN CLASSIFICATION No. of Value (in
MARKET
HAS) Heads Php)
Livestock
1. Piggery Bankal 1.00 Commercial 100 300,000.00 Local
2. Piggery Gun-ob 0.50 Semi-Commercial 75 225,000.00 Local
3. Piggery Canjulao 0.50 Backyard 50 150,000.00 Local
Poultry
1. Broiler Agus 1.00 Semi-Backyard 5,000 300,000.00 Local
2. Broiler Bankal 1.00 Semi-Backyard 3,000 180,000.00 Local
3. Broiler Marigondon 1.00 Backyard 2,000 120,000.00 Local
Current Program on Livestock and Poultry Production
Swine and poultry dispersal, livestock protection management, and

technical skills training for livestock and poultry raising are the current
government initiated projects to enhance livestock and poultry
production in the city.
206
2.3.3 Fishery
The fishing grounds of the city are classified as off-shore and inland.
The offshore fishing grounds are the sea waters of Olango Island,
Posuk, and Punta Engano. The inland fishing grounds are the marshes
of Barangay Babag, and Calawisan and the fishponds in Canjulao and
fish cages in Caubian. No production data are currently available.
2.3.4 Mangrove Area
Patches of mangrove areas are found in Barangay Mactan, Sub-Basbas,

Canjulao, Babag and Calawisan. Total area with mangrove cover is
estimated to be from 90-100 hectares. These mangroves serve as habitat
and spawning grounds of fishes. Some families residing near these
areas use it as fishing ground
2.4. Employment
In 2008, the number of people engaged in agriculture as means of

livelihood is estimated at 7,393 contributing around 5.00 percent to total
employment of the city (Table 73). These are mostly in fishery, and
livestock production.
Table 73. CURRENT EMPLOYMENT IN THE SERVICE SECTOR

Lapu-Lapu City
2008
TOTAL SECTORAL EMPLOYMENT SIZE

YEAR EMPLOYMEN
T Agri Industry Services
2008 147,867 7,393 72,455 68,019
% Distribution 100.00 % 5.00 % 49.00 46.00
207


CDRA
LOCATION CONDITION
1. Seaweed culture Susceptible to climate change

areas in Calawisan like sea level rise and storm surge
and Babag
Development Challenges
Certain resource constraints hamper the development of the sector.

These are summarized as follows:
1. Low Crop and Livestock Production
Given the land area of only 6,424 and its geology where 40 percent are
rocky with small patches of top soil, puts a limit to crop cultivation. The
absence of natural drainage and scarcity of ground water source does
not favor large scale livestock and poultry farming.
2. Declining Fish Catch

208
Over fishing has resulted to a decline in fish catch per fisherman. This is
brought about by the increase in demand due to rapid population
growth and the use of destructive and exploitative fishing gears that
prevents the natural regeneration of the fish population.
3. Destruction of Marine Eco-System
The use of destructive fishing methods destroyed the sea corals that are
use as natural spawning ground and sanctuary of fishes. The
conversion of mangrove stands to other urban usage has disrupted the
marine ecosystem attributing in the decline in the population marine
creature
4. Outdated Land Use Plan
The indiscriminate establishment of piggery and poultry farm in

densely populated area and along the coastline has polluted the air and
marine waters. These trend if not controlled could affect the tourism
industry of the island.
5. Less Responsive Laws
There is a conflict of interest between resort operators and fishermen on

the use of coastal waters. Resort owners prohibit the entry of fishermen
on the frontage of their establishments which is supposed to be open to
the public. On the other hand, fishermen prefer to fish along the edge of
reef near the frontage of resorts hotels where fishes conglomerate.
These pose a social problem that needs government intervention.
6. Lack of Support Infrastructure Facilities
Being an island city composed of island barangays, fishing is the main

source of income. The absence of a fish port with cold storage facilities
in these island barangays and in the mainland complicates the
marketing of marine products. Fishermen are deprived of fair market
price of their catch by unscrupulous traders.
209
Development Needs
1. Food Supply and Demand Analysis
The current food security of the city reveals that there are deficits in all
major food commodities such as cereals, vegetables, fruits, fish, meat
and eggs. Thus there is a need to fill the gap by importing these items
from neighboring municipalities and provinces to augment the supply
of food requirements (Table 74).
Table 74. FOOD SECURITY SITUATION

Lapu-Lapu City
2008
Pop’n % of Per Capita Food Rqt. Prod’n Surplus

Item Net Pop’n
(2008) Pop’n Rqt.- (kg) (MT) (MT) (Deficit)
Cereal 283,629 0.90 255,266 109.20 27,875 - (27,875)

Root crop 283,629 0.60 170,177 60.59 10,311 800 (9,511)
Vegetable 283,629 0.85 241,085 54.75 13,199 - (13,199)
Fruits 283,629 0.90 255,266 76.65 19,566 200 (19,366)
Meat 283,629 0.80 226,903 33.13 7,517 21 (7,496)
Fish 283,629 0.85 241,085 30.66 7,392 183 (7,209)
Sugar 283,629 0.80 226,903 30.66 6,957 - (6,957)
Milk 283,629 0.50 141,815 24.42 3,463 - (3,463)
Egg 283,629 0.80 226,903 3.98 903 - (903)
Projections
Projected Employment
Employment in agriculture is targeted to increase from 7,393 in 2008 to

12,555 in 2024. However, considering the limited potential of
agriculture, share of sector to total employment is expected to decline
from 5.00 in 2008 to 4.00 percent by the end of the planning period.
Please Table 75.
210
Table 75. PROJECTED DISTRIBUTION OF EMPLOYMENT BY SECTOR

Lapu-Lapu City
2008-2024
TOTAL EMPLOYMENT BY SECTOR % DISTRIBUTION

YEA
EMPLOYM INDUST SERVIC INDUST
R
ENT AGRI RY ES AGRI RY SERVICES
2008 147,867 7,393 72,455 68,019 5.00 49.00 46.00
2010 158,406 7,920 76,035 74,451 5.00 48.00 47.00
2015 202,171 8,087 88,955 105,129 4.00 44.00 52.00
2020 258,027 10,321 105,791 141,915 4.00 41.00 55.00
2024 313,883 12,555 12,627 178701 4.00 40.00 58.00
Projected Food Requirement
The projected yearly food requirements from 20010 to 2024 are

computed applying the Food and Nutrition Research Institute Standard
(FNRI) to a certain percentage of the projected population reflected in
the first row of Table 76.
Table 76. PROJECTED YEARLY FOOD REQUIREMENT (IN MT)

Lapu-Lapu City
2010-2024
0.90 0.60 0.85 0.90 0.80 0.85 0.80 0.50 0

YEAR POPULATION CEREAL ROOTCROP VEGETABLE FRUIT MEAT FISH SUGAR MILK E
109.20 60.59 54.75 76.65 33.13 30.66 30.66 24.42 3
2010 294,391 28,933 10,702 13,700 20,309 7,803 7,672 7,221 3,595 9
2015 323,482 31,792 11,760 15,054 22,315 8,574 8,430 7,934 3,950 1
2020 346,845 34,088 12,609 16,141 23,927 9,193 9,039 8,507 4,235 1
2024 601,434 36,384 13,458 17,228 25,539 9,812 9,648 9,080 4,520
Food Production - Requirement Gap
The projected yearly food production from 2010 to 2024 is obtained by

using the production level in 2008 plus the assumption of a 5.00 percent
increase in growth per year. The modest growth assumption is use due
to the limited growth potential of crop and livestock agriculture.
However, fishery production is projected to grow faster by 10.00
percent per annum brought about by the marine resources potential
(Table 77).
211
Based on the projection supply-demand gap table, the city will still be
deficit in all the major commodities by the end of the planning period
(Table 77).
Table 77. PROJECTED YEARLY FOOD PRODUCTION – REQUIREMENT GAP

Lapu-Lapu City
2010-2024
2010 2015 2020

Food
Item Prod’n Surplus Food Prod’n Surplus Food Prod’n Surplus
Rqt.
(in MT) (Deficit) Rqt. (in MT) (Deficit) Rqt. (in MT) (Deficit)
(in MT)
Cereals 28,933 - (28,933) 31,792 - (31,792) 34,088 - (34,088)

Root crop 10,702 882 (9,820) 11,760 1,126 (10,634) 12,609 1,437 (11,172)
Vegetable 13,700 - (13,700) 15,054 - (15,054) 16,141 - (16,141)
Fruits 20,309 221 (20,088) 22,315 282 (22,033) 23,927 360 (23,567)
Meat 7,803 23 (7,780) 8,574 29 (8,545) 9,193 37 (9,156)
Fish 7,672 221 (7,451) 8,430 356 (8,074) 9,039 573 (8,466)
Sugar 7,221 - (7,221) 7,934 - (7,934) 8,507 - (8,507)
Milk 3,595 - (3,595) 3,950 - (3,950) 4,235 - (4,235)
Egg 937 - (937) 1,030 - (1,030) 1,104 - (1,104)
2024
Item Food Rqt. Prod’n Surplus

(in MT) (in MT) (Deficit)
Cereals 34,088 - (34,088)

Root crop 12,609 1,437 (11,172)
Vegetable 16,141 - (16,141)
Fruits 23,927 360 (23,567)
Meat 9,193 37 (9,156)
Fish 9,039 573 (8,466)
Sugar 8,507 - (8,507)
Milk 4,235 - (4,235)
Egg 1,104 - (1,104)
212
Agriculture Analysis Matrix

1.Rampant illegal fishing Lack of supply and Encouraging all island

activities costly marine products barangays to put-up
marine sanctuaries
Adoption of RA 8550
2.Pollution of fishing Lack of supply and Relocation of informal

grounds due to location costly marine products settlers
of industries and
informal settlements Strict monitoring of ECC
compliance
3.Seaweed culture areas Susceptible to climate Diversification of crops

in Calawisan and change like sea level rise Early warning systems
Babag and storm surge consider Climate Change
prediction
213
4.4 FORESTRY
Data Analysis
The Forest Lands of the City of Lapu-Lapu are the Mangroves with an
area of 471.40 hectares or 7.34 % to the total land area of the city. These
are found in Barangay Suba-basbas, Barangay Basak, Barangay Babag
and Barangay Calawisan.
These Forest Lands belong to the Non-NIPAs areas of the Protection

Forest.
The remaining 5,952.79 hectares or 92.66 % are Alienable and

Disposable Lands found distributed in the 19 mainland barangays
(Mactan Island) and 11 island barangays (Olango Island and other
islands).
Table 78. AREA AND LOCATION OF A & D AND FORESTLANDS

Lapu-Lapu City
LAND CLASSIFICATION LOCATION AREA % TO TOTAL

(HAS.) LAND AREA
1. Alienable & Disposable
Lands (A & D) 19 mainland barangays 5,952.79 92.66 %
(Mactan Island) and 11
island barangays (Olango
Island and other islands).
2. Forestland
2.1 Production Forest - - -
2.2 Protection Forest Barangay Suba-basbas, 471.40 7.34 %
Barangay Basak
Barangay Babag
Barangay Calawisan
TOTAL 6,424.19 100 %
SOURCE: NAMRIA’s Land Classification Map, CPDO, 2011
214
Table 79. FOREST LANDS

Lapu-Lapu City
CLASSIFICATION AREA % TO TOTAL % TO TOTAL LAND

(HAS.) FOREST LAND AREA AREA
1. Production Forest - - -
Commercial - - -
a. Mineral Land - - -
b. Logged-over - - -
Non-Commercial - - -
a. Mineral Land - - -
b. Logged-over - - -
2. Protection Forest - - -
a. NIPAs - - -
b. Non-NIPAs 471.40 100.00 % 7.34 %
SOURCE: NAMRIA’s Land Classification Map, CPDO, 2011


CDRA
LOCATION CONDITION
Mangrove areas in 471.40 hectares Sea level rise
Basak, Babag,
Calawisan, Suba-basbas
and Olango Island
215
216

217
The mangroves belong to the Environmental Protection Area of Lapu-Lapu

City, which has a total land area of 471.40 hectares (6.91%).
The coastline of Barangays Suba-basbas, Basak, Babag and Calawisan facing

the Municipality of Cordova shall be declared as environmentally protected
zone.
This is to ensure that these areas which are the breeding grounds of the
various marine life will be sustained as such.
At the same time these areas are the first line of defense of the city for any
disaster that may arise from Climate Change.
Forestry Analysis Matrix

1. Illegal cutting of Decrease in the Marine Preservation of MPAs and

mangroves, Protected Areas initiation of mangrove
conversion of planting activities
mangrove areas into Affects marine resources
beach resorts and supply
settlements

2. Mangrove areas in Prone to Sea Level Rise Early warning systems
Basak, Babag, which may consider Climate Change
Calawisan, Suba- affect/destroy the eco- prediction
basbas and Olango system
Island
218
4.5 TOURISM
Data Analysis
1. Introduction
The worldwide image of Mactan as a tourist haven provides

opportunities for tourism expansion. The strategic location of Lapu-
lapu City in the Pacific Rim and in the Philippines Archipelago with
comparatively good peace and order condition made it a favored
destination of foreign and domestic tourist. The presence of an
international airport that link the Lapu-Lapu City to all major cities in
the Philippines and key cities worldwide makes it easy to visit.
Although there are several established beach destinations in the

country like Puerto Azul in Luzon, Boracay in Panay, Puerto Princessa
and El Nido in Palawan, and Samal Island in Davao, Cebu still occupies
the leading position in terms of capacity, quality of accommodations,
accessibility to urban amenities, and adequate human resource to
support tourist services. However, much is still to be desired to achieve
the development vision of the sector.
This document presents the Tourism Development Plan for Lapu-lapu

City for the year 2010 to 2024.
2.1 Sectoral Performance
2.1.1 Tourist Attraction
Tourist spots of Lapu-lapu City are categorized as nature-based,

religious / historical oriented and man-made. The city’s natural
attraction centers on beaches and diving spots. Its historical attraction is
related to Magellan’s voyage and subsequently his death, which
interest domestic and foreign visitors. Its man-made attractions are its
resort hotels and aqua sports recreational facilities.
However, Lapu-lapu City in general lacks a distinctive cultural and

folkloric resource to attract foreign tourists such as tribal life, customs
219
and dances similar to those found in the South Cotabato in Mindanao

and Central Cordillera in Luzon. The city itself lacks a good tour
itinerary and is short in wholesome entertainment and exotic dining
place aside from the outdoor beach activities. Tourists have to go to
mainland Cebu to avail such amenities.
Table 80 lists the tourist attractions of Lapu-Lapu City by the nature of

its attraction and level of its appeal as assessed by the Lapu-lapu City
Tourism Office.
Table 80. TOURIST ATTRACTION, BY LEVEL OF APPEAL

Lapu-Lapu City
LEVEL OF APPEAL
TYPE OF INTERNATIONAL LOCAL
ATTRACTION
Historic  Lapu-lapu Shrine  Old Water Reservoir
 Muelle Osmena Port
Natural  Olango Bird Sanctuary  Marigondon Public Beach
 Islet Barangays of Lapu-lapu City  Rock Island Beach Resort
Religious  Church of Virgin sa Regla
Man-Made  Shangri-la Resort Hotel  Mactan Bridge
 Plantation Bay Resort Hotel  Marcelo Fernan Bridge
 Waterfront Mactan Hotel Casino
 Maribago Bluewater Beach Resort
 Imperial Palace Water Park Resort
Festival  Kadaugan sa Mactan Festival  Fiesta sa Opon
 Birhin sa Regla Procession
 Santo Nino Fluvial Parade
Special Interest  Island Hoping  MEPZ
 Scuba Diving  Guitar Factories
 Firing Range
LOCATION NAME OF AREA TYPE OF FACILITIES OWNERSHIP
TOURIST ATTRACTION
ATTRACTION
Sabang Olango Island 920 has. Natural -Nature Center PAWD, DENR
Wildlife Bird
Sanctuary -Observation
Tower
-Rest Area
Eastern Island Beach Resorts Natural/Man- Resort Hotel private

Seaboard of the made
island
Mactan Magellan Monument Historical Rest Area LGU
Visitor lounge
Mactan Lapu-Lapu Monument Historical Rest Area LGU
Visitor lounge
220
Talima Talima Marine 9 has. Natural Floating station LGU

Sanctuary
City-wide Garbo sa Lapu-Lapu Cultural Floating station LGU
Poblacion Virgin of the Rule Man-made National Shrine private

National Shrine
Mactan Kadaugan sa Mactan cultural festival LGU
SOURCE: Lapu-lapu City Tourism Office, 2011
2.1.2 Tourist Volume
Considering data availability, the provincial figure on tourist arrival is

used as benchmark to indicate tourist volume.
In the last decade, total number of tourist that visited Cebu increased
from 688,443 in 1999 to 1,596,452 in 2008 growing by 9.80 annually.
Domestic tourist is more in number accounting 59.31 percent of total. In
terms of growth, foreign tourist multiplied faster increasing by 10.37
percent in the last decade (Table 81).
However, tourism in Cebu had a bad start at the opening of the 21st
century with the worldwide peace instability caused by terrorism and
the occurrence of major natural disaster in Asia. Foreign tourist arrival
slightly declined from 267,370 in 1999 to 261,217 in 2003. This
subsequently increased to 649,593 in 2008.
Table 81. TOURIST ARRIVAL, DOMESTIC AND FOREIGN

Cebu Province
1990 to 2008
YEAR 2008 ANNUAL

ORIGIN 1999 2003 2008 % GROWTH
DISTRIBUTION (%)
Domestic 421,073 601,987 946,859 59.31 9.42
Foreign 267,370 261,217 649,593 40.69 10.37
TOTAL 688,443 863,204 1,596,452 100.00 9.80
SOURCE: Department of Tourism, Region VII Office , 2011
2.1.3 Tourist Nationality
Koreans are currently Cebu’s leading tourist surpassing Japan who

dominated the market in the last decade. In 2008, Korean accounted
221
32.78 percent of total tourist arrival. This is followed by Japan (21.74

%), USA (10.21 %), Taiwan (5.07 %) and China with 3.00 percent. In
terms of growth, Korean tourist increased from 7,220 in 1999 to
212,962 with an unprecedented growth of 45.85 percent annually
(Table 82).
Table 82. NATIONALITY OF TOURISTS

Cebu Province
1999-2008
ANNUAL
% % GROWTH
NATIONALITY 1999 2005 2008
SHARE SHARE SHARE 1999 - 2008
(%)
101,942 38.12 50,297 14.56 141,249
Japan 21.74 3.69
USA 33,619 12.57 40,129 11.62 66,299 10.21 7.84
Hongkong 17,697 6.62 27,433 7.94 21,772 3.35 2.33
Korea 7,220 2.70 68,309 19.78 212,962 32.78 45.65
Taiwan 23,093 8.64 65,934 19.09 32,951 5.07 4.03
China 6,662 2.49 8,136 2.36 19,508 3.00 12.68
UK 9,904 3.70 9,211 2.67 13,854 2.13 3.80
Germany 10,877 4.07 10,274 2.97 13,702 2.11 2.60
Australia 7,365 2.75 6,593 1.91 16,826 2.59 9.61
Singapore 6,376 2.38 5,312 1.54 8,896 1.37 3.77
Malaysia 6,407 2.40 4,221 1.22 3,452 0.53 (0.07)
OTHERS 36,263 13.56 49,527 14.34 98,122 15.11 11.69
TOTAL 267,425 100.00 345,376 100.00 649,593 100.00 10.36
SOURCE: Department of Tourism, Region VII Office, 2011
2.1.4 Tourist Receipts
Foreign tourist brings dollars into the local economy. Its contribution is
two-fold: first is to the national economy which makes available the
needed dollar earnings to purchase the needed imported inputs to
sustain production; second to the local economy where tourist
expenditure pump-prime the economy to achieve economic growth.
The average expenditure of international tourist in Cebu was estimated

at 350 US dollar in 2008 based on the study conducted by the Asian
Institute of Tourism. Average length of stay per tourist was established
at 3.5 days. Assuming an increase in daily expenditure of 5.00 percent
and the length of stay at 5.00 days, dollar receipts from international
tourist are estimated at 795.75 million US dollars in 2008 (Table 84)
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2.1.5 Accommodation Facilities
Cebu Province
In 2000, total number of rooms for hotels and resorts in Cebu Province
totaled 4,591. This increase to 7,090 in 2005 growing by 9.00 percent
yearly, This is estimated to reach a level of 9,181 in 2008 (Table 83).
Table 83. EXISTING NUMBER OF HOTEL AND RESORT ROOMS

Cebu Province
2000 - 2008
TOTAL NO. OF ROOMS ANNUAL GROWTH

YEAR TOTAL ROOMS
HOTEL RESORT (%)
2000 3,977 614 4,591
2005 5,788 1,302 7,090 9.00
2008 7,495 1,686 9,181 9.00
SOURCE: Department Of Tourism, Region VII Office, 2011
Lapu-lapu City
As of 2008, 30 hotels, resorts and pension houses are operating in Lapu-

lapu City with a total of 3,547 rooms. Most of the establishments are
located in the Eastern Zone accounting 63.33 percent. This zone is
considered as the tourist belt of the island. In terms of number of rooms
79.08 percent are found in the Eastern Zone while around 14 percent
are in the Northern Zone of the City (Table 84).
Based on surveys conducted by the Department of Tourism, Lapu-lapu

City’s hotel and resort standard is still superior than most of the
competing tourist destination in the country. The survey also revealed
that in 2000, room occupancy for hotels in the entire Cebu Province was
53.21 percent with resorts at 38.10 percent. This improved to 55 % and
65 % respectively in 2005 indicating that resort hotels are preferred by
tourist.
223
Table 84. EXISTING NUMBER OF HOTEL AND RESORT ROOMS

Lapu-lapu City
2008
NO. OF TOTAL
DEVELOPMENT
BARANGAY COMPOSITION HOTELS % NO. OF %
ZONE
SHARE ROOMS SHARE
Maribago, Mactan, Punta Engano,
Eastern Zone 19 63.33 2,805 79.08
Marigondon, Suba-basbas, Agus
Northern Zone Pusok, Pajo, Poblacion 9 30.00 514 14.49
1 3.33
Central Zone Gun-ob 220 6.20
Western Zone None - - 0 -
Island Zone Talima 1 3.33 8 0.23
TOTAL 30 100.00 3,547 100.00
SOURCE: Lapu-lapu City Tourism Office, 2011
2.1.6 Tourist Transport
Land
Vehicular tourist transport composed of tourist coach, car for hire, rent-
a car and taxi is generally adequate. Metered taxi in Metro Cebu is a
commendable feature, compared with the situation in Metro Manila, or
other ASEAN tourist destination. In order to cope with the anticipated
visitor increase, especially in group tour traffic, tourist coaches must be
upgraded in number, size and quality.
Sea
Sea transport is generally poor with inefficient and / or absence of small

pier and terminal facilities to service tourist who go island hoping or
scuba diving. Traditional jump-off points are in sitio Buyong in
Barangay Maribago and in barangay Marigondon. Ferry boat and
terminal facilities plying Muelle Osmena Port to Pier 1 in Cebu City
needs to be upgraded as an alternated route to evade the road traffic
congestion.
2.1.7 Restaurants
There were 339 registered restaurants in Lapu-lapu City in 2007. This

increased to 378 in 2008 growing by 11.50 percent. Specialty restaurants
that offer variety of choices and menus of Filipino, Western, Oriental
224
cuisine are generally limited. Most tourists have to travel to mainland

Cebu to find their food of choice and dine with comfort. Existing dining
place in the city needs better sanitation and cleanliness of its
surroundings.
2.1.8 Tourist Information Center and Information Materials
DOT operates an information center located at the Mactan International

Airport. The center is less accessible to tourists who are non-air
travelers. Existing tourist information materials needs upgrading and
updating and to be made available to users. A simple and accurate
tourist map with grid and index for tourist attraction, hotels, etc., is a
standard fixture in any established tourist destination as a free hand-
out at tourist information centers, hotels, airport, and souvenir shops.
2.1.9 Tour Operators and Immigration Offices
Tour guides and tour operators as well as government immigration

officers are generally adequate in providing standardized level of
services. However few illegal guides and transport service providers
still harassed both domestic and foreign visitors. If these unscrupulous
individuals will be tolerated, greater damage will be done to Cebu
tourism through negative “word-of-mouth” publicity of these tourists
returning home.
2.1.10 Souvenir Items and Shopping
Most souvenir shops in Lapu-lapu City need to sophisticate and

diversify their displayed items in order to capture the interest of
visitors. Because of these, a number of tourists buy their souvenir items
in mainland Cebu depriving the local residence of livelihood. Poor
packaging of choice souvenir items and non-standardized pricing
adopted by vendors discourages tourists.
2.1.11 Tourist Signs and Signposting
At the moment, tourist signs are not so visible and do not carry a
uniform artistic design unique to the city. These include directional
street signs and attraction name sign. Uniformity and artistic
presentation contributes greatly to the enhancement of the image of
225
Mactan as an island paradise. The entrance of the Tourism Zone should

depict a paradise atmosphere distinct to the atmosphere of the adjacent
zone classified as industrial district.
2.1.12 Tourism Support Infrastructure
Lapu-lapu City lags behind other ASEAN beach destinations in the

provisions and maintenance of tourism support infrastructure which is
an integral foundation in the development of the sector. Presented
below is an analysis of the existing tourism support infrastructure in
the City.
a. Road Condition and Maintenance
Significant road improvement has occurred in the last decade. These

include the opening of the second Mactan-Cebu bride, the expansion
and concreting of the main roads from the airport to mainland Cebu
and the concreting and widening of roads leading to Mactan resort
areas.
However, roads leading to beachfront are generally in poor condition

with no lighting facilities. This particularly holds true to beaches in
Marigondon, Buyong, Suba-basbas and Tambuli Beach Resort.
Measures are urgently needed to improve them, particularly those
frequented by tourist. Road leading to the public beach in Marigondon
should be open to the public free of charge. Access roads to beach
fronts are narrow and unpaved. Lack of landscaping and greenery
betrays Mactan reputation as a tourist destination coupled with
unpleasant looking shanties along the road.
b. Tourist Seaport
Tertiary ports servicing the routes to island barangays are sub-standard

and poorly maintained. Absence of a berthing facility in jump-off point
of for island hopers and scuba divers is observed. Currently tourist has
to walk on knee deep waters to board their vessel parked a few meters
from the shoreline. These areas are in barangays Maribago and
Marigondon.
226
If Lapu-lapu City is to be famous as an ocean aqua sports haven, the

provision of a high standard tourist port capable of handling hydrofoils
and other tourist boats should be established. The Muelle Osmena Port
that serves as the main port of entry from Cebu City lacks a descent and
comfortable ferry terminal. This port is a good alternate route to reach
Cebu City to evade road traffic congestion.
c. Potable Water Supply
Potable water is inadequate or is not available in certain public bathing

places. The island barangays have been suffering from water shortage
and have to ship-in water from the mainland by motorized bancas.
Such a situation hampered the development of tourism in these areas
seen by investors to be favored destination of tourists. Viable
alternative water sources have to be looked into during the planning
period.
Hotel Resorts in the mainland have to invest substantial amount of

money to provide their own water supply. Some are being rationed by
private water dealer by truck load at exorbitant rate. These put added
cost to investors. Serious studies should be conducted to resolve the
issue within the planning period if Mactan wish to become a
competitive tourist destination.
Recently, the City through the city mayor signed a MOA with the
MCWD, NWRB to pursue the Mactan bubble Project. This project will
help address the city’s problem on water. (Note: get inputs from CPDO)
d. Mactan Airport
Existing terminal facilities are presently adequate to service the needs

of travelers. Its runway and navigational equipments has passed
international standards. However a need to upgrade and expand these
structures is foreseen to meet the demand of the future. Its runway
needs to be expanded to accommodate larger aircrafts. Improvement of
the frontage of the arrival area is needed so that a sense of arrival
welcome to a tourist to an island paradise will be enhanced.
227


CDRA
LOCATION CONDITION
1. Beach resorts in Prone to storm surge and sea level

Mactan Island, rise
Olango Island,
Caubian, Caohagan
and Pangan-an
2. Diving spots Prone to storm surge, temperature

(Talima, Shangrila rise and sea level rise
and Kontiki)
If Lapu-lapu City envisions of capturing a larger share of the

international and domestic tourist markets, immediate measures needs
to be undertaken on the following specific areas:
1. Accommodation:
1.1 Cebu Province Projected Room Requirements
Given the projected tourist volume, the total room requirement of the
province by 2024 is estimated at 27,045. With existing room supply of
9,181, a shortage of 17,864 rooms is projected by the end of the planning
period (Table 85).
228
Table 85. PROJECTED ROOM REQUIREMENT

Cebu Province
2010 to 2024
EXISTING NET ROOM

TOURIST NO. OF
BEDS PER ROOMS ROOM REQUIREMENT
YEAR VOLUME BEDS
ROOM REQUIRED SUPPLY SURPLUS
- CEBU REQUIRED
(2008) (SHORTAGE)
2008 1,596,452 15,308 2.00 7,654 9,181 1,527

2010 1,760,088 24,111 2.00 12,055 9,181 (2,874)
2015 2,355,394 32,266 2.00 16,133 9,181 (6,952)
2020 3,152,048 43,179 2.00 21,589 9,181 (12,408)
2024 3,948,702 54,092 2.00 27,045 9,181 (17,864)
SOURCE: Study Team Estimates, 2011
Assumptions Used:
 Percentage of tourist that stays in hotels is assumed at 65. % based on survey conducted by
DOT Region 7 in 2005.
 Average length of stay per tourist is assumed at 5.00 nights.
 Occupancy rate is 65 % based on survey conducted by DOT-7 on 15 major hotels and resorts.
1.2 Lapu-lapu City Projected Room Requirement
Hotel room requirement for Lapu-lapu City is projected at 7,206 by the

end of the planning period growing by 6.00 percent yearly from 2010 to
2024 (Table 86).
Table 86. PROJECTED ROOM REQUIREMENT

Lapu-Lapu City
2008 - 2024
TOURIST
VOLUME NO. OF LENGTH OF TOTAL NO
ROOMS
YEA OF HOTEL STAY PER OF HOTEL OCCUPANC
REQUIREMEN
R LAPU- DWELLER TOURIST IN DAYS PER Y RATE (%)
TS
LAPU S DAYS YEAR
CITY
2008 798,226 319,290 5.00 1,596,452 75.00 2,913

2010 880,044 352,018 5.00 1,760,088 75.00 3,212
2015 1,177,697 471,079 5.00 2,355,394 75.00 4,298
2020 1,576,024 630,410 5.00 3,152,048 75.00 5,752
2024 1,974,351 789,741 5.00 3,948,702 75.00 7,206
SOURCE: Study Team Estimates, 2011
Formula Used in Computing Room Requirement:

229
Beds Requirement = Total Tourist Volume x % Staying in Hotel x Average Length of Stay
365 days x Occupancy Rate
Assumptions Used:
 Percentage share of Lapu-lapu tourist to total Provincial tourist is assumed at 50.00 percent
 Percentage of tourist volume that stays in hotel is assumed to be 40.00 percent
 Occupancy rate per room is assumed at 75.00 percent or room utilization is 274 days per year
 Two beds per room is assumed
1.3 Projected Demand-Supply Gap for Lapu-lapu City
Given the projected hotel room requirement and existing room supply
for Lapu-lapu City, the room shortage of 3,658 is projected as presented
in Table 87.
Table 87. PROJECTED HOTEL ROOM REQUIREMENT

Lapu-Lapu City
2008 - 2024
YEAR NO. OF ROOMS EXISTING NO. OF ROOM SURPLUS

REQUIRED ROOMS (SHORTAGE)
2008 2,913 3,548 635

2010 3,212 3,548 1,105
2015 4,298 3,548 (750)
2020 5,752 3,548 (2,204)
2024 7,206 3,548 (3,658)
SOURCE: Study Team EstimateS, 2011
1.4 Cebu Province Projected Tourist Arrivals
Based on historical trend and current worldwide events, tourist arrival

in Cebu Province is projected to increase from 1.5 million in 2008 to 3.9
million by 2024. By the end of the planning period, domestic tourist is
expected to be more dominant accounting 62 % of total (Table 88).
230
Table 88. PROJECTED TOURIST ARRIVAL

Cebu Province
2010-2024
BREAKDOWN % DISTRIBUTION ANNUAL

YEAR TOTAL DOMESTI DOMESTI FOREIG GROWTH
FOREIGN (%)
C C N
2008 1,596,452 946,859 649,593 59.31 40.69 9.80
2010 1,760,088 1,056,053 704,035 60.00 40.00 5.00
2015 2,355,394 1,436,790 918,604 61.00 39.00 6.00
2020 3,152,048 1,954,270 1,197,778 62.00 38.00 6.00
2024 3,948,702 2,471,750 1,476,952 63.00 40.00 6.00
SOURCE: Study Team Estimate , 2011
1.5 Lapu-lapu City Projected Tourist Arrivals
In the absence of an official data on tourist arrival for Lapu-lapu City,

the study team assumed that that 50 percent of tourist arrival in the
province visited Lapu-lapu City. This assumption is based on the share
of the city’s hotel rooms to provincial total.
For 2008, tourist arrival in the city is estimated at 880,000. This is

projected to increase to 1.57 million in 2024 growing by 6.00 percent
per year (Table 89).
Table 89. PROJECTED TOURIST ARRIVAL

Lapu-Lapu City
2010-2024
TOURIST
ASSUMED % ANNUAL
VOLUME TOURIST VOLUME
YEAR SHARE OF LAPU- GROWTH RATE
(CEBU (LAPU-LAPU CITY)
LAPU CITY (%)
PROVINCE)
2008 1,596,452 0.50 798,226
2010 1,760,088 0.50 880,044 5.00
2015 2,355,394 0.50 1,177,697 6.00
2020 3,152,048 0.50 1,576,024 6.00
2024 3,948,702 0.50 1,974,351
SOURCE;: Study Team EstimateS, 2011
1.6 Projected Tourist Receipts
Given the projected number of foreign tourist, average daily

expenditures and average length of stay, total dollar receipts is
projected at 5,242 million in 2024.
231
Table 90. TOURIST RECEIPTS (IN US DOLLAR)

Cebu Province
2008-2024
NO. OF TOTAL RECEIPTS

DAILY LENGTH OF
YEAR FOREIGN (IN MILLION US
EXPENDITURE STAY
TOURIST DOLLAR)
2008 649,593 350.00 3.50 795.75

2010 704,035 385.00 5.00 1,355.27
2015 918,604 491.00 5.00 2,255.17
2020 1,197,778 626.00 5.00 3,749.05
2024 1,476,952 761.00 5.00 5,242.93
SOURCE: Estimate of Study Team, 2011
2. Seaport Facilities
There is need to improve the seaport facilities to support the tourism

thrust of the island as a major beach destination and leading scuba
diving spot in the country. As such existing spots serving as jump-off
point of scuba divers and island cruiser has to be upgraded and
provided with safe berthing area with terminal facilities. Seaport
facilities that need upgrading are located in Punta Engano, Sitio
Buyong, Barangay Maribago, Barangay Marigondon, and the Muelle
Osmena Port.
3. Road Improvement and Maintenance
Roads leading to beachfront and spots frequented by tourist needs to be

improved and maintained. This includes access roads leading to
Marigondon public beach, Buyong, Suba-basbas, Tambuli Beach Resort,
and the road leading Muelle Osmena Port. The main road leading to
Marigondon passing Barangay Pusok and barangay Basak needs to be
expanded to decongest traffic. Entrance to the public beach in
Marigondon should be open to the public free of charge. Landscaping
of roadside is necessary to enhance Mactan’s’ image as a tourist
paradise. All these are aimed to reduce travel time, improve travel
safety, and make travel more pleasant.
4. Tourist Attraction
232
Lapu-lapu City’s natural resource attractions are its beaches and diving
spots. Its beaches are however generally small scale with limited
beachfront compared to other beach destination in other ASEAN
countries like Thailand and Indonesia. Its dive spots and coral
formation are in constant danger of deterioration due to inefficient
implementation of protective measures and conversion of its mangrove
to other urban uses.
Its historical attraction is limited to Magellan’s Shrine. It should be

noted that these are of fleeting interest to non-Christian East Asian
tourist who comprise the majority of visitors to the island. The shrine as
a tourist spots lacks diversity of activities worth while remembering. Its
rest rooms are not world class. The park is not well landscaped.
5. Restaurants and Souvenir Shops Outside Hotel
Specialty restaurants intended to cater to tourist needs to be improved

along hygiene and sanitation. This observation is noted on the
restaurants adjacent to the Magellan’s Shrine. Most critical to hygiene
are the East Asian tourist particularly the Japanese and Koreans.
On shopping stores, improvements required are more on the packaging

of choice souvenir items and the non-standardized pricing adopted by
vendors. Lastly, locally displayed souvenir items are limited in variety
and choice and lack sophistication as compared to those sold in large
department stores in mainland Cebu.
6. Information Needs
A functional tourist information center to service walk-in clients needs

to be established in a strategic location in the city. An ideal site would
be at the vicinity of Mactan Shrine, Maribago Junction Road, or
Marigondon Junction Road. Information tourist wanted to know more
are: hotel location, facilities and rates, beach activities, tourist attraction,
optional tour with rates, transportation, restaurants, and tourist map.
In consideration of DOT’s budgetary limitation, the cost of establishing

and operating a center can be shared with the City Government, hotel
and restaurant associations and souvenir manufacturers and traders.
233
7. Tourist Promotion
There is a need to identify the most effective source of information that

motivates tourist in the selection of a place to visit. It is important to
know the factors affecting the choice clients in the selection process. A
cost effective marketing program needs to be crafted designed to
capture potential markets.
234
Tourism Analysis Matrix

1. Non- Inaccessibility of some Strict implementation of

implementation of residents and fisherfolks PD 1067
easement/ buffer
zone as per PD
1067 (Revised
Water Code of the
Phils.) of some
resorts
2. Lack of Tourism Uncoordinated tourism Formulation and

Master Plan activities adoption of Tourism
Master Plan
3. No standard fare Costly transportation Standardized fare rate

rate expenses for local and foreign
tourists
4. Beach resorts in Prone to storm surge Early warning systems

Mactan Island, and sea level rise consider Climate Change
Olango Island, predictions
Caubian, Cyclone and flood
Caohagan and resistant buildings
Pangan-an Retro-fitting of all
existing
5. Diving spots Prone to storm surge, Early warning systems

(Talima, Shangrila temperature rise and sea consider Climate Change
and Kontiki) level rise predictions
Cyclone and flood
resistant buildings
existing
235
236
INTEGRATED ECONOMIC SECTOR ANALYSIS MATRIX

Programs/Projects)
Development/  Attract investors in the City Planning and
Enhancement of the service sector by Development Staff
Commerce and Trade providing incentives, City Engineers’ Office
Sector such as tax holidays and
adequate support
infrastructure.
 Establish new secondary
service centers in
strategic sites accessible
to the market
 Provide support
infrastructure facilities to
direct development in
identified secondary
growth center
 Expand and diversify the
wholesaling and
retailing business
Traffic congestion To formulate Traffic City Planning and

Management Plan Development Staff
Implement road widening City Engineers’ Office
Implementation of Night
Market
Lack of business Enhancement of Tax City Treasurer’s Office

permits Mapping of Business City Assessor’s Office
establishments
Commercial Early warning systems City Planning and
establishments within consider Climate Change Development Staff
the Public Market predictions City Engineers’ Office
located in flooding area Cyclone and flood City DRRMO
resistant buildings
Retro-fitting of all existing
237
Public Market located in Early warning systems City Planning and

flooding area consider Climate Change Development Staff
predictions City Engineers’ Office
Cyclone and flood City DRRMO
resistant buildings
Commercial Early warning systems City Planning and
establishments found consider Climate Change Development Staff
along the 1st Mactan predictions City Engineers’ Office
Bridge. Are subject to Cyclone and flood City DRRMO
flooding resistant buildings
Food Sufficiency  The concept of urban City Agriculturist Office
Program agriculture development
shall be adopted as a
policy of the city
government
 Identification of sites for
urban farming
 Identification of viable
agricultural products to
be promoted for
cultivation
 Provision of fiscal and
non-fiscal incentives to
encourage the
development of certain
areas along desired lines
 Conduct training to
urban farmers on viable
urban agriculture
farming system
 Provide the basic
infrastructure support
projects like small water
impounding structure
for irrigation,
238
establishment of satellite
markets, establishment
of model urban farm,
establishment of plant
nurseries
 Strengthen the
institutions to support
the food sufficiency
program of government
“Greening” and  Community organizing City Agriculturist Office

Beautification of the and private sector City Planning and
Island mobilization in support Development Staff
to the greenery program City Environment and
of the city government Natural Resources Office
to enhance the
attraction of the city.
 To encourage the
private individuals to
expand orchard and
ornamental backyard
farming
 Promote the adoption of
the “Adopt a Barangay
“ by large private
corporation to
implement the
“greenery” and
beautification program
 Adopt an accreditation
scheme where local
growers will be
accredited and shall be
given priority to
undertake beautification
projects of the city
following the standard
auditing rules.
 Strengthen the
institutions to
coordinate and facilitate
the “greening” and
beautification program
239
of government
Augment/Enhance  Cultivation of high value City Agriculturist Office

Farmers Income crops (less vulnerable to
climate change)
livestock and fishery
products that can be
viably raised in the area
shall be promoted. These
includes items like
orchards, ornamental
plants, high breed dog
raising, tropical
aquarium fish farming,
exotic fish culture, and
pearl farming. Among
others
 Advocate the
improvement of
mechanisms to promote
fair pricing of fishery
and other agricultural
products
 An innovative funding
scheme to credit-worthy
farmers will be provided
through LGU guarantee
loan scheme
 Provide the basic
infrastructure support
projects to enhance the
further processing of
meat and fish products
like the establishments
of city abattoir,
establishment of fish
port equipped with cold
storage facilities,
establishment of an
efficient drainage and
sewerage facilities.
 Strengthen the
institutions to coordinate
240
the planning, facilitate

the implementation, and
monitor the
achievements of the
farmers income enhance
program.
Conserve, protect and Coastal Resource City Agriculturist Office

rehabilitate the marine Management City Planning and
resources of the island, Development Staff
to make it more adaptive  Identification and City Environment and
to climate change delineation of critical Natural Resources Office
coastal areas to be
conserve, protected and
rehabilitated
 An environmental
compliance certificate
(ECC) will be strictly
required prior to the
establishments of any
industry with potential
to destroy the ecological
balance of the marine
system.
 Review of existing laws
on marine resource
conservation to
determine its
responsiveness to attain
its objectives and to
monitor the
enforcement of those
laws.
Coastal Resource
Management Program
 Formulation of an
Integrated Coastal
Resources Management
 Establishment of a
Monitoring System in
Increase the appeal and the CENRO for the City Tourism Office
241
attractiveness of Lapu- strict compliance

Lapu City as tourist of Environmental Laws
destination.
 Review existing laws
Enhance employment relate to coastal City Tourism Office
and livelihood resource management
opportunities. and assess its relevance
to the needs of time.
Provide safe and City Tourism Office

comfortable Private-Public Sector
accommodation and Partnership
other service facilities
Establish an independent
body jointly initiated by
government and private
sector whole functions
are: 1) Coordinate plan
updating, 2) Monitor and
evaluate the
implementation of the
City Tourism Plan, 3)
Initiate the
implementation of
strategic projects needed
to achieve Plan objectives,
and 4) Responsible to
keep track of the
development taking place
in other tourist
destination and
accordingly update the
tourism plan of the city.
Community
Mobilization
Compared to other
leading beach destination
in the country and other
ASEAN countries, Lapu-
lapu City has to catch-up
in beautifying its beaches
242
and roads leading to

places frequently visited
by tourist. Community
organizations and
tourism-oriented private
groups will be activated
and mobilized to assist in
the beautification effort.
Community involvement
on beautification effort of
government is an
important ingredient to
fast-track and to sustain
tourism development. It is
therefore recommended
that a massive community
awareness and
mobilization campaign is
undertaken. These include
a monthly beautification
contest coordinated by
Barangay captains.
Massive flower planting
along roads frequented by
tourist is given priority.
Optimize the Formulation of Mactan City Tourism Office

contribution of tourism Island Comprehensive
to the growth of the Tourism Master Plan
local economy
The objective of the
Improve the position of Mactan Island Master City Tourism Office
the City as tourist Plan is to position the
destination through the Island as major
development of support international resort
infrastructure. destination identifying: 1)
infrastructure and
sanitary utility
requirement; land use
zoning and
environmental
preservation measures,
243
development phasing,
guidelines for hotel /
resort / tourist business
development and
marketing.
Establishment of the
Mactan Island Tourism
Development
Corporation
The office will be an

independent institutional
body staffed with
professional and experts
in the industry. This will
be a corporation funded
jointly by the city
government and private
groups who are
stakeholders in the
development of tourism.
Focus of concern is to
upgrade and increase the
attractiveness of Lapu-
lapu city as a tourist
destination.
Its main role is to

coordinate tourism
development within
Mactan Island and to
implement and monitor
projects recommended in
this Plan according to the
proposed timeframe. It
will also be responsible to
keep track of the
development taking place
in other tourist destination
and accordingly update
the tourism plan of the
city.
244
Tourism Corridor
Beautification Projects
Road corridors
frequented by tourist that
need immediate
improvement and
maintenance.
Seaport Facility
Upgrading Project
Being a tourist beach

destination, seaport
facilities will play a vital
role to tourism
development.
Introduction of modern
vessels is needed to offer
safe and comfortable ride
to commuters. This will
also create an added
tourist attraction in itself
through scenic sea cruise.
Tourist Attraction
Enhancement Projects
Establishment/upgrading/
beautification
/enhancement of Tourist
Attractions
245
Beach resorts in Prone to storm surge and City Tourism Office

Mactan Island, Olango sea level rise City Planning and
Island, Caubian, Development Staff
Caohagan and Pangan- City DRRMO
an
Diving spots (Talima, Prone to storm surge, City Tourism Office

Shangrila and Kontiki) temperature rise and sea City Planning and
level rise Development Staff
City DRRMO
Rampant illegal fishing Encouraging all island City Agriculturist Office

activities barangays to put-up City Planning and
marine sanctuaries Development Staff
Adoption of RA 8550
Pollution of fishing Relocation of informal City Agriculturist Office

grounds due to settlers City Planning and
location of industries Development Staff
and informal Strict monitoring of ECC City Housing Board
settlements compliance
Seaweed culture areas Diversification of crops City Agriculturist Office

in Calawisan and Early warning systems City Planning and
Babag consider Climate Change Development Staff
prediction City DRRMO
Lack of coordination Close coordination with City Planning and

between MEZ MEZ and LGU Development Staff
Administration and City Engineers’ Office
LGU Office of the City Mayor
Proliferation of small 10-year phase-out period City Planning and

scale industries outside Development Staff
MEZ City Engineers’ Office
Office of the City Mayor
Industrial Zone/Special Early warning systems City Planning and

246
Economic Zone is consider Climate Change Development Staff

located near the shore. predictions City Engineers’ Office
Cyclone and flood Office of the City Mayor
resistant buildings City DRRMO
Mangrove areas in Early warning systems City Planning and

Basak, Babag, Calawisan, consider Climate Change Development Staff
Suba-basbas and Olango prediction CENRO
Island Office of the City Mayor
City DRRMO
247
5. INFRASTRUCTURE AND UTILITIES SECTOR
5.1 TRANSPORTATION
Data Analysis
Road Network
The transport network in Lapu-Lapu City is largely based on a system

of roads and a lone airport. Seaports are also minimally found but are
mostly privately owned. The network almost invariably follows the
pattern of the coastline and with circumferential and arterial roads that
usually end up at a beach resort or the airport. Seaports are usually
accessible through public roads.
The configuration of the island contributed much to the state and

condition of the road network. Such configuration resulted in a road
system that is coastal and circumferential in nature with few
distribution roads going inland.
The national and local government transport policies have been geared
towards the development of arterial roads to link the major urban
centers with each other. The completion of the Marcelo Fernan Bridge
has greatly improved the traffic movements within the city. Expansion
and improvement of roads should be given more priority in order to
address the increasing traffic volume in the city.
The road network of the city is composed of circumferential roads

traversing along coastal lines and some interior roads in the urban
barangays. There are approximately 3.989 kilometers of city roads and
38.636 national roads in Mactan Island. The immediate goal is to
render all roads to be all weather roads and easily passable by all types
of vehicle at any given time of the year. (Please see Table 91).
The medium term goal is to widen these road links to the acceptable
highway standards and provide them with adequate surfacing,
sufficient drainage system and ample side ditches.
248
The city, being a Lone Congressional District, is fortunate to have easy

access for national funds because of our present Congressman whose
priority programs focuses on the road widening and improvement of
the city.
Table 91. INVENTORY OF ROADS BY SYSTEM CLASSIFICATION AND TYPE OF

PAVEMENT,
Lapu-Lapu City
2010.
ROAD SURFACE TYPE

ROADS BY RIGHT TOTA CONCRETE ASPHALT GRAVEL EARTH
SYSTEM OF L KM % C KM % C K % C K % C
CLASSIFIC WAY LENG M M
ATION (ROW) TH
(KM)
National 30m 38.636 0.489 1.27 Good 38.147 98.73 Good
Provincial
City /
Municipal 3.989 - - - 3.989 100
Barangay
Road 96.65 11.20 11.59 85.45 88.41
Alley
Footpath
TOTAL - 139.275 11.689 127.586
SOURCE: City Engineer’s Office, 2011
Bridges
The completion of the Marcelo Fernan Bridge has greatly improved the
traffic movements within the city. Other bridges found in the city
which also contributed to the easy access of people and land transport
vehicles going to and from Lapu-Lapu City are the Mactan-Mandaue 1st
Bridge, the Lapu-Lapu-Cordova Bridge I (Babag) and the Lapu-Lapu-
Cordova Bridge II (Suba-basbas). (Please see Table 92.)
249
Table 92. INVENTORY OF BRIDGES BY LOCATION, TYPE, CAPACITY AND

CONDITION
Lapu-Lapu City
2010.
LOCATION TYPE ROAD PHYSICAL

BRIDGE NAME (BARANGAY) CAPACITY CONDITION
(TONS)/# OF
LANES
Mactan-Mandaue 1st Bridge Pajo Two (2) lanes good
Marcelo Fernan Bridge Pusok Four (4) lanes good
Lapu-Lapu-Cordova Bridge I Babag Two (2) lanes good

(Babag)
Lapu-Lapu-Cordova Bridge Suba-basbas Two (2) lanes good

II(Suba-basbas)
TOTAL - - -
Ancillary Road Facilities
The Ancillary Road Facilities present in Lapu-Lapu City includes the

sidewalks, waiting sheds, street lights, traffic lights and road signages.
(Please see Table 93)
There is also the presence of Terminals like the Lapu-Lapu City

Terminal (Old and New) located in Barangay Pajo, the Gaisano Island
Mall Terminal located in Barangay Pajo and the MEPZ II Terminal (HR
Light Trans.) located in Barangay Basak. (Please see Table 94).
These Terminals serve the different land transport vehicles operating

within the city. (Please see Table 95)
250
Table 93. INVENTORY OF ANCILLARY ROAD FACILITIES

Lapu-Lapu City
2010.
TYPE LOCATION OF ANCILLARY ROAD FACILITY

OF NATIONAL ROAD PROVINCIAL CITY/MUNICIPAL BARANGAY ROAD
ANCILL ROAD ROAD
ARY ROAD NO COND ROA NO CONDI ROA NO CONDI ROA N CONDIT
ROAD NAME . ITION D . TION D . TION D O. ION
FACILIT NAM NAM NAM
IES E E E
Pedestrian MLQuezon 2 Good
Crossing
Sidewalk MLQuezon Good
MVP Ave.
G.Y. dela
Serna St.,
Washington
Road
Waiting *Pusok 7 Good
Sheds *Babag I
*Babag II
*Mactan
*Pta.
Engano
*Maribago
*Pajo
Street citywi good
Lights de
Traffic *Crossing 3 Needs
Lights MLQuezon- repair fair
MVP Ave.
*City Hall
Junction
*Airport
Road
Road *MLQ inadeq Pobla Poor
Signage *MVP uate cion inadequ
*G.Y. dela ate
Serna St.
*MCR
Others
TOTAL 12
251
Table 94. LAND TRANSPORTATION TERMINALS BY LOCATION AND CONDITION

Lapu-Lapu City
2010
BARANGAY AREA TYPE OF TERMINAL PHYSICAL

NAME OCCUPIED PUBLIC FACILITIES CONDITION
(HECTARES) UTILITY USING
THE
TERMINAL
Lapu-Lapu City Pajo 0.3650 ha. Jeepney and taxi Waiting area good
Terminal (Old & and restrooms
new)
Gaisano Island Pajo V-hire Waiting area good
Mall Terminal
MEPZ II Basak 0.2112 ha. Multi-cab and Waiting area good

Terminal (HR tricycle and restrooms
Light Trans)
TOTAL 0.5762
SOURCE: City Engineer’s Office
Table 95. INVENTORY OF PUBLIC LAND TRANSPORTATION VEHICLES

BY TYPE AND SERVICE ROUTES,
Lapu-Lapu City
2010
REGISTERED IN CITY/MUNICIPALITY FROM OTHER

TYPE CITY/MUNICIPALI
OF TY
PUBLIC TOTAL ROUTE/DESTINATION ROUTE/
UTILIT NO. TOTAL DESTINA
Y WITHI BARANG BARAN CITY/MUNIC
NO. TION
VEHIC N AY TO GAY TO IPALITY/
LE BARAN BARANG CITY/ CENTER
GAY AY MUNICI
PALITY/
CENTER
tricycle 2,338
UV-Hire 453
Lhire 162
Truck 43
for hire
TOTAL 2,996
252
Other Modes of Transport and Facilities
Airport
While it can be said that Cebu is the hub of the Visayas, Lapu-Lapu City
contributes a major role in this respect specifically because of the
presence of Mactan-Cebu International Airport located within the city
which serves as one of the gateways of the Visayas. (Please see Table
96)
Seaport
Sea transport plays a major role in the overall transport network of

Lapu-Lapu City. Its function helps the fast movement of cargo and
passengers using transport types as ferry boats, barges or those which
are locally known as bancas or pumpboats moving around the few
small islands and in the adjacent Olango Island. (Please see Table 96).
253
Table 96. OTHER MODES OF TRANSPORT AND FACILITIES

Lapu-Lapu City
2010
MODES FACILITIES MODE OF LOCATION CONDITION FREQUENCY OF

TRANSPORTATION SERVICE / TRIPS
Air transport
MCIAA
1. Domestic – Airplanes/cargo (floor MCIAA Good 150 commercials
passenger and cargo area-18,575 sq.m.) flights per day
terminal
Airplanes/cargo (floor
2. International – area-19,950 sq.m.) MCIAA Good
passenger and cargo
terminal
Sea transport
1. Muelle Osmena Ferry boat Poblacion Good Every 15 mins. daily
Wharf
2. Buot Wharf Barge and pumpboats Pta. Engano Good Every 2 hrs. daily
Every 15mins.
Daily
Pumpboats Daily
3. Marigondon Marigondon Poor
Causeway
Barge and pumpboats Every 2 hrs. daily
4. Sta. Rosa Sta. Rosa Good Every 15mins.
Causeway Pumpboats Daily
Daily
5. Angasil, Mactan Mactan Poor
Wharf
TOTAL 7
Road Indices
Road accidents during the period 2008 to 2010 showed an increasing

trend from 1,566 in 2008 to 1,679 in 2009 and 1,921 in 2010. (Please see
Table 97)
254
Table 97. ROAD ACCIDENTS BY NATURE, LOCATION AND FREQUENCY FOR THE
PAST 3 YEARS
Lapu-Lapu City
2008-2010
NATURE 2008 2009 2010
Reckless imprudence resulting to 4 4 3

homicide
Physical injuries 195 180 200
Damage to property 715 816 1,122
Damage to property hit and run 65 60 70
Damage to property with physical 575 605 516
injuries
Damage to property with multiple 12 14 10
injuries
TOTAL 1,566 1,679 1,921
255


CDRA
LOCATION CONDITION
MCIAA 473.58 hectares Located near the shoreline
1. Domestic – passenger
and cargo terminal
Barangay Pusok, Buaya,
Basak, Bankal and Ibo
2. International – Located near the shoreline

passenger and cargo
terminal
Barangay Pusok, Buaya,
Basak, Bankal and Ibo
1. Muelle Osmena Wharf Located near the shoreline

Poblacion
2. Buot Wharf Located near the shoreline

Pta. Engano
3. Marigondon Causeway Located near the shoreline

Marigondon
4. Sta. Rosa Causeway Located near the shoreline

Sta.Rosa
5. Angasil, Mactan Wharf Located near the shoreline

Mactan
256
257
258
259
Support Infrastructure Facilities
Ferry Service and Port Facility Needs
Ferry service plying between Pier 1 and Opon Pier in Mactan provides
an alternative transport from Mactan to Cebu City. Workers at MEPZ
residing in mainland Cebu take their PUJ ride at the junction road
leading to the 1st and 2nd Cebu-Mactan Bridge that brings them directly
to the main gate of the zone. Containerized vans are available to service
the needs to importers and exporters to ferry their goods to and from
Cebu City ports.
Port facility requirements are classified as follows: 1) Foreign container

terminal; 2) Foreign multi-purpose terminal for conventional cargo
vessel, luxury liner and other tourism support vessel; 3) Domestic fast
craft / metro-bus ocean ferry vessel berthing facility.
Given the cargo and passenger demand estimate for Mactan Island, and
the projected vessel calls, the projected port facility requirement for
Lapu-lapu City is presented below Table 98.
Table 98. REQUIRED MAJOR FACILITY

PROPOSED MACTAN NORTH RECLAMATION PORT
Lapu-Lapu City
TYPE OF FACILITY
FUNCTIONAL UNIT SPECIFICATION
Foreign Container Terminal Required number of berth 1 in 2020 *
Berth Dimension 300m long and 13m deep (40,000DW)
Cargo Volume 263,800 TEUs in 2020
Foreign Multi Purpose Required number of berth 1 in 2020*
Terminal Berth Dimension 190m long and 10m deep (18,000DW)
Cargo Volume 76,000 MT in 2020
Domestic passenger Fast craft / Pontoon berth 2 in 2020
Metro Bus Ferry Berth Dimension 155m long and 7 meters deep
SOURCE: Study Team Estimate , 2011
260
Airport
The Mactan Cebu International Airport offers direct flights to all major
cities in the country and selected cities in the world to include
Hongkong, Singapore, Japan, Saudi Arabia, Taipie and South Korea.
Air freight with major international couriers like DHL, UPS, FedEx,
TNT and Aboitiz International are operating at the MCIA.
Based mainly on historical performance, the passenger traffic, cargo

volume and aircraft movement are projected and presented in Table 99.
Table 99. MACTAN CEBU INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT

PROJECTED PASSENGER TRAFFIC, CARGO VOLUME AND AIRCRAFT MOVEMENT
2005 -2024
PASSENGER CARGO VOLUME (IN AIRCRAFT

YEAR
TRAFFIC KGS) MOVEMENT
2005 2,778,664 52,195,392 55,117

2010 3,380,669 66,616,016 63,895
2020 5,744,338 108,510,470 85,869
or or or
15,700 per day 409,000 kgs. per day 235 flights per day
2024 5,974,111 113,935,993 88,445
or or Or
16,367 per day 312,153 kgs. per day 242 kgs. per day
GROWTH RATE 4.00 % 5.0 % 3.0 %
The Mactan International Airport offers opportunities to develop

airport-related businesses in the project site. Given the limited
information to do in-depth demand-supply analysis on specific aviation
related industries, airport statistics presented merely provide an
indicative overview of the market size and growth trend. Supplemental
data is needed to do further analysis.
Nevertheless, the projected performance of MCIA in terms of passenger

traffic, cargo volume and aircraft movement, concludes the need for
aircraft maintenance, cargo forwarding, warehousing, in-flight food
catering, and airline laundry services. This conclusion is validated
during focus group discussions with industry experts and MCIA key
personnel.
261
Transportation Analysis Matrix

ROAD
-narrow and poorly -traffic congestion -traffic management
designed road network -widening of major roads
in built-up areas -recruitment and training
-poor/clogged drainage -flooding of additional traffic aids
system -health risk -enforcement of laws on
-damage to properties sidewalk vending
-
improvement/installation
of drainage lines
-construction of water
catchments/cisterns
AIRPORT
-limited of size of -limited flight routes and -expansion of runway
runway inability to latest future -enhance internal capital
-limited capacity of need build-up to support
airport terminal expansion and
-lack of modern modernization
navigational facilities
SEAPORT
-sub-standard inter- -poor inter-island sea -improve ferry transport
island vessel transport service to cater system
-sub-standard terminal tourist (local and -open new route to link
for island travel foreign) strategic site
-weak, integration with -integrated inter-modal
other transport mode sea transport system
MCIAA
1. Domestic – passenger Located near the Early warning systems
and cargo terminal shoreline making it consider Climate Change
Barangay Pusok, Buaya, subject to Sea Level Rise, predictions
Basak, Bankal and Ibo Flooding and Storm Cyclone and flood
Surge and Damage to resistant buildings
Property. Retro-fitting of all
existing
262
2. International – Located near the Early warning systems

passenger and cargo shoreline making it consider Climate Change
terminal subject to Sea Level Rise, predictions
Barangay Pusok, Buaya, Flooding and Storm Cyclone and flood
Basak, Bankal and Ibo Surge and Damage to resistant buildings
existing
1. Muelle Osmena Wharf Located near the Early warning systems

Poblacion shoreline making it consider Climate Change
subject to Sea Level Rise, predictions
Flooding and Storm Cyclone and flood
existing
2. Buot Wharf Located near the Early warning systems

Pta. Engano shoreline making it consider Climate Change
subject to Sea Level Rise, predictions
existing
3. Marigondon Located near the Early warning systems

Causeway shoreline making it consider Climate Change
Marigondon subject to Sea Level Rise, predictions
existing
263
Early warning systems

4. Sta. Rosa Causeway Located near the consider Climate Change
Sta.Rosa shoreline making it predictions
subject to Sea Level Rise, Cyclone and flood
Flooding and Storm resistant buildings
Surge and Damage to Retro-fitting of all
Property. existing

5. Angasil, Mactan Wharf Located near the consider Climate Change
Mactan shoreline making it predictions
subject to Sea Level Rise, Cyclone and flood
Flooding and Storm resistant buildings
Surge and Damage to Retro-fitting of all
Property. existing
264
5.2 POWER
Data Analysis
Power in Lapu-Lapu City is supplied by Mactan Electric Company

(MECO). Presently, power situation in the City remain stable. MECO
has a power distribution capacity of 200 MW. Power demand in the
city has steadily increased in 2008 to 2011. MECO projected that by
year 2024 power demand in the City would rapidly be on an increasing
trend.
Records given by MECO showed that as of 2011, 57,233 households out

of 58,904 Hh had been energized. 3,687 commercial, 437 industrial
establishments are also served.
Barangay Pangan-an, one of the island barangay of the city is powered

by solar energy. It has a generation capacity of ______ MW. Funding
of the project was financed by the Belgian Government through a grant
extended to the City of Lapu-Lapu.
Barangay Caubian, the farthest island barangay is the remaining un-

energized barangay. The City is planning to do some feasibility studies
to tap renewable energies (solar or wind) as source of power for the
said barangay.
To increase the power dependable capacity of the city, MECO’s power

generation is augmented by East Asia Utilities Corp. an independent
power generator. Power requirement of all the locators at MEZ I is
supplied by the latter. It has a power generation capacity of 44 MW.
Presently, power demand at MEZ I is ______ MW. By the year 2011,
EAUC projected the power demand of MEZ I to reach ______ MW.
As of 2010, Lapu-Lapu City has only 1,671 households or 2.84% still

unserved by electricity. Households served by electricity is already
57,233 or 97.16%. (Please see Table 100.)
265
Table 100. HOUSEHOLDS SERVED AND UN-SERVED BY ELECTRICITY

Lapu-Lapu City
2010
NUMBER OF HOUSEHOLDS PERCENTAGE (%)
RURAL URBAN RURAL URBAN
Served - 57,233 - 97.16%
Unserved - 1,671 - 2.84%
TOTAL - 58,904 - 100.00%
SOURCE: City Planning and Development Office, 2011, City Engineer’s Office, 2011
The data on the number of connections by type of users is only for

industrial establishments with 437 connections and commercial
establishments with 3,687 connections. (Please see Table 101.)
Table 101. NUMBER OF CONNECTIONS BY TYPE OF USERS AND AVERAGE

CONSUMPTION (KWH/MO.)
Lapu-Lapu City
2010
TYPE OF NUMBER OF AVE. CONSUMPTION

CONNECTION CONNECTIONS (KWH/MO.)
Domestic
Industrial 437
Commercial 3,687
Public Building
Streetlights (public)
Others
SOURCE: City Planning and Development Office, 2011, City Engineer’s Office, 2011
266


CDRA
LOCATION CONDITION
All electrical facilities Prone to strong winds during
located inland. typhoons.
All electrical facilities Prone to strong winds during

located along the typhoons, sea level rise, flooding
shorelines and other and storm surge.
bodies of water.
267
268
The current and projected power requirements for Lapu-Lapu City

during the period 2011 to 2024 was 5,638,503 kilowatt hour/month /year
for 2011. This will be increased to 9,366,329 kilowatt hour/month/year
for 2016 and 17,124,781kiilowatt hour/month/year for 2024.
The parameters of these projections include the domestic connections,

commercial connections, industrial connections, institutional
connections, and Street Lights both private and public.
269
Table 102. CURRENT AND PROJECTED POWER REQUIREMENTS BY TYPE OF

CONNECTION (MW)
Lapu-Lapu City
2011-2024
PROJECTED POWER REQUIREMENT

CONNECTION/USER
2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2024
4,395, 4,989, 5,626, 6,310, 7,050, 7,826, 8,665, 9,563, 10,522, 11,547, 12,642, 14,969,
Domestic
099 078 459 008 120 736 983 584 948 828 050 024
578, 603, 629, 657, 686, 715, 747, 779, 813, 849, 886, 1,002,
Commercial
303 518 828 293 700 860 068 640 630 105 125 390
578, 603, 629, 657, 686, 715, 747, 779, 813, 849, 886, 1,002,
Industrial
303 518 828 293 700 860 068 640 630 105 125 390
Institutional 1,980 2,160 2,340 2,520 2,700 2,880 3,060 3,240 3,420 3,600 3,780 3,960
Streetlight - Public and 84, 88, 92, 96, 100, 104, 109, 114, 119, 124, 129, 147,
Private 818 516 375 403 716 993 570 347 332 535 965 017
TOTAL 5,638, 6,286, 6,980, 7,723, 8,526, 9,366, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 17,
REQUIREMENT 503 790 830 517 936 329 272, 240, 272, 374, 548, 124,
749 451 960 173 045 781
SOURCE: City Planning and Development Office, 2011
NOTE: Computed with the followings Standards.
` a. Domestic – 57 kilowatt hour/month with an increasing rate of 5 kilowatt hour/month/year.

b. Commercial – 150 kilowatt hour/month for commercial establishments wherein the number of
commercial establishments is assumed to be 5% of Domestic Connections.
c. Industrial - 150 kilowatt hour/month for industrial establishments wherein the number of
industrial establishments is assumed to be 5% of Domestic Connections.
d. Institutional – 55 kilowatt hour/month with an increasing rate of 5 kilowatt hour/month per
year. (It is assumed that there are seven Institutional Buildings in
Municipalities (Poblacion) and one in every rural barangay.
This covers Government Offices/facilities, hospitals, recreational centers,
Churches, camps, etc.
e. Street Lights – 55 kilowatt hour/month per Street Light. (It is also assumed that there is a
need for one Street Light for every 50 households.
This covers street light, light houses, traffic lights.
270
Power Analysis Matrix

Prohibitive cost of Remote barangays Introduction of new type

providing power supply remain of energy/electricity
in remote areas. unenergized/deprived of generation technology in
access to modern cooperation with
conveniences. concerned government
agencies/organizations.
Lack of power supply in Low socio-economic Coordinate/negotiate

remote areas. activities, e.g., with local electric
investments/income cooperative for extension
opportunities, recreation, of service.
industrial development,
etc.
All electrical facilities Prone to strong winds Early warning systems

located inland. during typhoons. consider Climate Change
predictions
Cyclone and flood
resistant structures
existing facilities which
are not resilient to
All electrical facilities Prone to strong winds Early warning systems

located along the during typhoons, sea consider Climate Change
shorelines and other level rise, flooding and predictions
bodies of water. storm surge. Cyclone and flood
271
5.3 WATER
Data Analysis
The rising cost of developing new sources of water supply has led to
greater attention on water demand management strategies which are
less costly and more consistent with environmental objectives than
water supply expansion activities .
In Metro Cebu, such approach is long called for given the naturally
limited groundwater supply, high cost of surface water development,
and rapid urban growth. The population in Metro Cebu almost
doubled over the last 20 years. Also, the growing pollution of
underground aquifer (which are the main source of water for Metro
Cebu) and surface water bodies, affects not only the quality but also the
quantity of water supply for urban and other uses. Drought
exacerbated the water shortage, particularly for poor people dependent
on artesian wells.
The key instrument for more efficient use of water is on the adoption of
a pricing framework, i.e. the price of water and its related
wastewater must reflect not only the financial cost of water production
and distribution, but also the opportunity or scarcity cost of water,
And the environmental or cost of externalities associated with water
production and consumption. Freshwater ceased to be plentiful and
thus should not continue to be treated as a free good. And consumers of
water must be responsible for the cost of mitigating the negative
externalities incurred in the production and consumption of water,
especially its demand response to changes in water price, and the
potentials for adopting water conserving practices and technologies.
In the 1970’s. Lapu-Lapu City was already experiencing rapid

development in terms of urbanization and industrialization. Along
with urban development came the need to supply the island’s most
basic necessity which is water.
Reports show that the island is perceived to be limited in terms of its

fresh groundwater resources due to over-pumping and unregulated
extraction of wells. Only two-thirds (2/3) of the populace rely on
Metropolitan Cebu Water District (MCWD) piped water connection.
272
About 3-4 percent of total household population availed of rationed

supply and has owned wells aside from their MCWD connection.
(Please see Table 103.)
While mainland Lapu-Lapu City is served by the water district

especially on households located not far from MCWD lines, residents
in island barangays buy water from the mainland thru private
peddlers. Some residents also rely on rainwater by installing water
catchments at their own houses.
Rapid development in the island has resulted in the increase in demand

of water. The increasing number of subdivisions and other
infrastructure development greatly affect not only the quality but also
the quantity of water supply. Although prior to the start of these
developments, assurance of enough water supply is a requirement in
order to address the future needs of the project, but still surveys show
that these developments will extract water without even asking
permission from the city government and this contributes to saltwater
intrusion in the nearby coastal area.
Table 103. SOURCES OF WATER SUPPLY

Lapu-Lapu City
2010
NUMBER OF HOUSEHOLD POPULATION

METRO CEBU RATIONED
WATER WATER
BARANGAY DISTRICT SUPPLY/WATER WELLS RAINWATER
PEDDLERS
NO. % NO. % NO. % No. %
Lapu-Lapu 218,781 75.00% 11,668 4.00% 11,668 4.00% 11,668% 4.00%

City
273


CDRA
LOCATION CONDITION
Sources of water supply Saltwater Intrusion

Located near or adjacent Prone to Sea Level Rise
to shorelines. Flooding
The standard of 110 lcpd were used to compute for the current and
projected water requirements of Lapu-Lapu City. The current water
requirements of 38,168,020 lcpd in 2011, is expected to be 47,246,540
lcpd in 2016, and 66,157,740 in 2024.
274
Table 104. CURRENT AND PROJECTED WATER REQUIREMENTS (lcpd)

Lapu-Lapu City
2011-2024
PROJECTED WATER REQUIREMENT

WATER
REQUIREMENTS 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2024
38, 39, 41, 43, 45, 47, 49, 51, 53, 56, 58, 66,
Level III
168, 832, 568, 381, 272, 246, 306, 456, 699, 041, 484, 157,
020 100 780 580 590 540 510 240 690 040 360 740
TOTAL 38, 39, 41, 43, 45, 47, 49, 51, 53, 56, 58, 66,
REQUIREMENT 168, 832, 568, 381, 272, 246, 306, 456, 699, 041, 484, 157,
020 100 780 580 590 540 510 240 690 040 360 740
NOTE: Computed with the followings Standards.
` Level III – 110 lcpd individual connection.
275
Water Analysis Matrix

-limited ground water -lack and high cost of -strengthen regulatory laws
source water supply on water extraction
-weak regulatory laws on -R&D on non-traditional
water extraction viable water source
-lack of funds to -flooding -implementation of

implement drainage plan -poor road condition drainage masterplan
-insufficient drainage -water borne diseases -accessing foreign funding
system -traffic congestion assistance
-advocacy to SWM
-lack of funds to -water pollution -adoption of septage

implement sewerage -water borne diseases ordinance
/septage facility -establishment of septage
facility in partnership with
waster district
-insufficient water -reduction of economic -regular M & E

supply development -policy to regulate
-high cost of water -saltwater intrusion extraction
-unregulated extraction -effects on tourism -relocate informal settlers
of water development along coastline
-saltwater intrusion
-high coliform levels in
certain coastline areas
due to the presence of
settlement
Sources of water supply Prone to Improvement/Development

Saltwater Intrusion Sea of sources of water supply.
Level Rise
Flooding
276
5.4 COMMUNICATION
Data Analysis
At present, all modern telecommunication facilities are already

available in Lapu-Lapu City. Philippine Long Distance
Telecommunication (PLDT) and Globelines are both serving the city
and several cellsites were already constructed to improve information
and communication in the island. Although the entire populace has not
subscribed the services of telephone companies but majority are using
mobile phones as their means of communication. Other facilities like
telegraph, print media and postal services are also available in the city.
On the other hand, Lapu-Lapu City Government is also improving its

information and communication facilities by upgrading the existing
local area network (LAN) with a capacity of 100 mbps to 1,000 mbps
gigabit LAN thereby increasing its speed to handle video and other
applications and the purchase of two (2) new servers in order to have a
centralized internet connection to all departments and offices at the
City Hall. The city is also embarking in monitoring its employees
attendance by purchasing biometrics machine. Through this
technology, an enhanced and speedy processing and release of payroll
and other related transactions can be done.
The presence of several internet cafes owned and operated by private

individuals/companies has also contributed to the improvement of
telecommunication in the island.
Generally speaking, the city is at par with other cities in terms of its
information and communication technology.
277
Table 105. COMMUNICATION SERVICES FACILITIES

Lapu-Lapu City
2010
TYPE BARANGAY OWNERSHIP

PUBLIC PRIVATE
Postal Services Lapu-Lapu City x
Internet Providers Lapu-Lapu City x
Telephone Service Providers Lapu-Lapu City x
Cell Sites Network Lapu-Lapu City x
Others: - Telegraph Lapu-Lapu City x
- Print Media Lapu-Lapu City x
SOURCES: National Telecommunications Commission, 2011

City Planning and Development Office, 2011
278


CDRA
LOCATION CONDITION
All communication Prone to strong winds during

facilities located inland. typhoons.
All communication Prone to strong winds during

facilities located along the typhoons, sea level rise, flooding
shorelines and other and storm surge.
bodies of water.
279
280
For future needs of the proposed Mactan North Reclamation Project,

the telecom system shall be designed and installed as an independent
system with redundant links to the National (local) and international
network. All systems will be on the digital basis and fully compatible
with the Integrated Service Digital Network Standard. Within the
development area, all system will be centralized and activated by a
computerized system.
281
Communication Analysis Matrix

Lack of social Low economic Advocacy for social

acceptability for cell sites investment acceptability of
due to assumed telecommunication
health/security reasons. facilities.
Some places of the city Residents of these areas Representation/

has no telephone deprived of fast, Coordination with
connections yet. modern, and efficient telephone companies to
telecommunication extend services in the
services area.
There are instances Disruption of internet Representation/

signal of internet connections. Coordination with
connections are Internet Providers to
fluctuating in some areas Business operations are upgrade their facilities
of the City. affected. to improve signal
strength.
All communication Prone to strong winds Early warning systems

facilities located inland. during typhoons. consider Climate Change
predictions
Cyclone and flood
All communication Prone to strong winds Early warning systems

facilities located along during typhoons, sea consider Climate Change
the shorelines and other level rise, flooding and predictions
bodies of water. storm surge. Cyclone and flood
282

283
5.5 SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT
Data Analysis
The rapid increase in the population of Lapu-Lapu City and its

burgeoning economy has made Solid Waste Management an urgent
concern for the City. The establishment of three special economic zones
(MEPZ I, MEPZ II and Cebu Light Industrial Park), the expansion of
facilities like the Mactan-Cebu International Airport, the establishment
of other commercial, industrial and institutional businesses have led to
an increase in the volume of solid waste generated by the City. Add to
these the changing lifestyle of the Lapu-Lapu City residents.
Results of the waste characterization conducted by the Solid Waste

Management Office of Lapu-Lapu City revealed that only 7% of the
wastes collected are residual in nature, with 42% non-biodegradable
and 51% biodegradable.
Please see Figure 5.
Fig. 5. NATURE OF WASTE GENERATED

Lapu-Lapu City
2011
7% Biodegradable
Non-Biodegradable
51%
42% Residual
SOURCE: CPDO, 2011, Solid Waste Management Office, 2011
There are four kinds of wastes generated by companies inside the

MEPZ, namely: recyclables, toxic and hazardous wastes, kitchen
wastes, and other wastes. Only the residual wastes are disposed
through private garbage contractors to the Lapu-Lapu City Material
Recovery Facility before it is forwarded to the Lapu-Lapu City
Controlled Dumpsite.
284
On the other hand, the bulk of the waste generated outside the MEPZ is
organic with high moisture content.
Total average waste generation in the City is 47 tons per day.
Table 106: WASTE GENERATION BY SOURCE

Lapu-Lapu City
2007
SOURCE VOLUME
Estimates per Individual 0.50 kg. per day
Barangays 47 tons per day
MEPZ 113 tons per day
City Garbage 51 tons per day
Public Market 6 tons per day
SOURCE: LLC Solid Waste Management Board Study, 2011
Waste generators are required to segregate their garbage into

compostable and non-compostable. These will have to be placed in
separate containers that are sealed or tied. Garbage not stored in this
way are not collected by the barangays or the city garbage collectors.
The following table shows the inventory of equipment and personnel

for garbage collection of the City.
285
Table 107: INVENTORY OF WASTE MANAGEMENT EQUIPMENT AND

PERSONNEL
Lapu-Lapu City
2009
EQUIPMENT/PERSONNEL NUMBER
Lapulapu City
Garbage Vehicles Mini-Dumptrucks 6
(6 cu.m. capacity)
Compactor (13 1
cu.m. capacity)
Compactor (9 5
cu.m. capacity)
Compactor (7 5
cu.m. capacity)
Personnel Drivers 14
Collectors 42
Mactan Island Barangays
Garbage Vehicles Mini-Dumptrucks 26
SOURCE:CPDO,2011, Solid Waste Management Office, 2011
Lapu-Lapu City has 14 garbage collection groups consisting of 1 driver

and 3 collectors. Collection is done between 5AM to 6AM and 6PM to
7PM only, except for the public market where collection is done at
daytime and evening.
MEPZ companies have their own garbage collectors, as with big

establishments like Mactan Shangrila, Plantation Bay, and General
Milling Corporation.
Collected garbage is disposed of in the City’s Material Recovery Facility

located 4 km from Lapu-Lapu City proper. Straddling between
barangays Mactan and Bankal, it has a total area of 2 hectares. Garbage
collection is handled by the Solid Waste Management Office.
Big establishments and beach resorts are required to pay garbage

collection fees based on capital. Income from this activity reached Php
5 Million Pesos in 2010
Please see Figure 5, Table 106 and Table 107.
286


CDRA
LOCATION CONDITION
1. Dumpsite (Soong, Congested;
Mactan)
287
288
Current and Projected Waste Generation
Applying the standards of 0.5 kgs/person x 7 days/week x 52

weeks/year, the City of Lapu-Lapu will waste generate a total of
63,150,724 kgs/year for 2011, This is expected to be 96,765,032
kgs./year for 2021, and 109,460,988 kgs./year for 2024.
Table 108. CURRENT AND PROJECTED WASTE GENERATION

Lapu-Lapu City
2011 – 2024
YEAR CURRENT AND PROJECTED WASTE GENERATED

2011 63,150,724 kgs./year
2012 65,904,020 kgs./year
2013 68,777,436 kgs./year
2014 71,776,250 kgs./year
2015 74,905,558 kgs./year
2016 78,171,548 kgs./year
2017 81,579,862 kgs./year
2018 85,136,688 kgs./year
2019 88,847,850 kgs./year
2020 92,722,448 kgs./year
2021 96,765,032 kgs./year
2024 109,460,988 kgs./year
SOURCE: CPDS, 2011, Solid Waste Management Office, 2011
NOTE: Computed with the following standards.
Waste Generation = Projected Population x 0.5 kg./day x 7 days/week x 52 weeks/year
Projected Area for Sanitary Landfill
Using the standards of Waste Generation of 0.5 kg/person/day, Waste

Density of 330 kgs/m2, Height of 10 meters, a Residence Time of 10
years, and adding 50% to allow for daily cover, roads, receiving
areas, fencing, etc the City of Lapu-Lapu shall need a Total Area of
49.76 hectares, by 2024.
Table 109: LAND AREA REQUIREMENT FOR SANITARY LANDFILL

289
Lapu-Lapu City
2011 – 2024
FACTORS AREA (HAS.)

Land Area Requirements 33.17 has.
Add 50% to allow for daily cover, roads, receiving areas, fencing, etc. 16.59 has.
TOTAL LAND AREA REQUIREMENTS 49.76 has
SOURCE: CPDS, 2011, Solid Waste Management Office, 2011
NOTE: The following standards were used to compute for the Land Area Requirements for Sanitary Landfill
Projected Population (2021) …………….. 531,676

Waste Generation…………………………0.5 kg./year
Waste Density…………………………….330 kgs./m3
Height…………………………………….10 m
Residence Time…………………………..10 years
To compute for the Total Land Area Requirements the following standards were added to the
computed Land Area Requirements.
Add 50% to allow for daily cover, roads, receiving areas, fencing, etc.
290
Solid Waste Management Analysis Matrix

 .Erratic schedule in the  Proper
 Poor management of
collection of waste implementation of
solid waste
 Health hazards to the City Ordinance on
 Increase in solid waste
residents SWM
generation
 SWM Advocacy
 Less efficient
campaign
collection system
 Establishment of MRF
 Weak material
at selected barangays
recovery system
 Formulation of 10-
 Absence of 10-Year
Year Solid Waste
Solid Waste
Management Plan
Management Plan

Dumpsite (Soong, Congested Implement Retro-
Mactan) fitting activities to the
site to make it resilient
to calamities/disasters.
Implementation of
design of the site that
would optimize the
use of the facility.
291
INTEGRATED INFRASTRUCTURE AND UTILITIES SECTOR

ANALYSIS MATRIX

Programs/Projects)
ROAD
-narrow and poorly -traffic management City Engineer’s Office
designed road network -widening of major roads
in built-up areas -recruitment and training of
-poor/clogged drainage additional traffic aids
system -enforcement of laws on
sidewalk vending
-improvement/installation
of drainage lines
-construction of water
catchments/cisterns
AIRPORT
-limited of size of -expansion of runway City Engineer’s Office
runway -enhance internal capital MCIAA
-limited capacity of build-up to support
airport terminal expansion and
-lack of modern modernization
navigational facilities
SEAPORT
-sub-standard inter- -improve ferry transport City Engineer’s Office
island vessel system
-sub-standard terminal -open new route to link
for island travel strategic site
-weak, integration with -integrated inter-modal sea
other transport mode transport system
MCIAA Early warning systems City Engineer’s Office
1. Domestic – passenger consider Climate Change DRRMO
and cargo terminal predictions MCIAA
Barangay Pusok, Buaya, Cyclone and flood resistant
Basak, Bankal and Ibo buildings
buildings/structures which
2. International – Early warning systems City Engineer’s Office

292
passenger and cargo consider Climate Change DRRMO

terminal predictions MCIAA
Barangay Pusok, Buaya, Cyclone and flood resistant
Basak, Bankal and Ibo buildings
buildings/structures which
1. Muelle Osmena Wharf Early warning systems City Engineer’s Office

Poblacion consider Climate Change DRRMO
Located near the predictions
shoreline making it Cyclone and flood resistant
subject to Sea Level Rise, buildings
Flooding and Storm Retro-fitting of all existing
Surge and Damage to buildings/structures which
Property. are not resilient to
2. Buot Wharf Early warning systems City Engineer’s Office

Pta. Engano consider Climate Change DRRMO
3. Marigondon Early warning systems City Engineer’s Office

Causeway consider Climate Change DRRMO
Marigondon predictions
Located near the Cyclone and flood resistant
shoreline making it buildings
subject to Sea Level Rise, Retro-fitting of all existing
Flooding and Storm buildings/structures which
Surge and Damage to are not resilient to
Property. calamities/disasters.
4. Sta. Rosa Causeway Early warning systems City Engineer’s Office

Sta.Rosa consider Climate Change DRRMO
293


5. Angasil, Mactan consider Climate Change City Engineer’s Office
Wharf predictions DRRMO
Mactan Cyclone and flood resistant
Located near the buildings
shoreline making it Retro-fitting of all existing
subject to Sea Level Rise, buildings/structures which
Flooding and Storm are not resilient to
Surge and Damage to calamities/disasters.
Property.
Prohibitive cost of Introduction of new type City Engineer’s Office

providing power supply of energy/electricity City Planning and
in remote areas. generation technology in Development Office
cooperation with concerned
government
agencies/organizations.
Lack of power supply in Coordinate/negotiate with City Engineer’s Office

remote areas. local electric cooperative City Planning and
for extension of service. Development Office
All electrical facilities Early warning systems City Engineer’s Office

located inland. consider Climate Change City Planning and
Prone to strong winds predictions Development Office
during typhoons Cyclone and flood resistant DRRMO
structures
facilities which are not
resilient to
All electrical facilities Early warning systems City Engineer’s Office

294
located along the consider Climate Change City Planning and

shorelines and other predictions Development Office
bodies of water. Prone to Cyclone and flood resistant DRRMO
strong winds during structures
typhoons, sea level rise, Retro-fitting of all existing
flooding and storm facilities which are not
surge. resilient to
-limited ground water -strengthen regulatory laws Metro Cebu Water

source on water extraction District
-weak regulatory laws -R&D on non-traditional City Planning and
on water extraction viable water source Development Office
City Engineer’s Office
-lack of funds to -implementation of Metro Cebu Water

implement drainage drainage masterplan District
plan -accessing foreign funding City Planning and
-insufficient drainage assistance Development Office
system -advocacy to SWM City Engineer’s Office
-lack of funds to -adoption of septage Metro Cebu Water

implement sewerage ordinance District
/septage facility -establishment of septage City Planning and
facility in partnership with Development Office
waster district City Engineer’s Office
-insufficient water -regular M & E Metro Cebu Water

supply -policy to regulate District
-high cost of water extraction City Planning and
-unregulated extraction -relocate informal settlers Development Office
of water along coastline City Engineer’s Office
-saltwater intrusion
-high coliform levels in
certain coastline areas
due to the presence of
settlement
Sources of water supply Improvement/Development Metro Cebu Water

Prone to of sources of water supply. District
Saltwater Intrusion City Planning and
Sea Level Rise Development Office
Flooding City Engineer’s Office
295
DRRMO
Lack of social Advocacy for social City Engineer’s Office

acceptability for cell sites acceptability of City Planning and
due to assumed telecommunication Development Office
health/security reasons. facilities.
Some places of the city Representation/ City Engineer’s Office

has no telephone Coordination with City Planning and
connections yet. telephone companies to Development Office
extend services in the area
There are instances Representation/ City Engineer’s Office

signal of internet Coordination with Internet City Planning and
connections are Providers to upgrade their Development Office
fluctuating in some areas facilities to improve signal
of the City. strength.
All communication Early warning systems City Engineer’s Office

facilities located inland. consider Climate Change City Planning and
Prone to strong winds predictions Development Office
during typhoons Cyclone and flood resistant DRRMO
structures
facilities which are not
resilient to
All communication Early warning systems City Engineer’s Office

facilities located along consider Climate Change City Planning and
the shorelines and other predictions Development Office
bodies of water. Prone to Cyclone and flood resistant DRRMO
strong winds during structures
typhoons, sea level rise, Retro-fitting of all existing
flooding and storm facilities which are not
surge. resilient to
 Poor management of  Proper implementation City Planning and

solid waste of City Ordinance on Development Office
 Increase in solid waste SWM Solid Waste
generation  SWM Advocacy Management Office
296
 Less efficient campaign

collection system  Establishment of MRF at
 Weak material selected barangays
recovery system  Formulation of 10-Year
 Absence of 10-Year Solid Waste
Solid Waste Management Plan
Management Plan
Dumpsite (Soong, Implement Retro-fitting City Planning and

Mactan) already activities to the site to Development Office
congested. make it resilient to Solid Waste
calamities/disasters. Management Office
DRRMO
Implementation of
design of the site that
would optimize the use
of the facility.
297

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CLUP COMPLETION April 4 2014 VOLUME 3 PDF

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Comprehensive Land Use Plan VOLUME 3

Republic of the Philippines

Office of the Congresswoman

As we move toward an era characterized by challenges

One of the biggest potentials is land use.

Lapu-Lapu City has vast resources that can certainly

Industries such as Tourism, Agriculture, Educational/ Health Services/Human

I enjoin everyone to support all efforts to capitalize on these available

I join you as we fly high towards this great dream.

CHAPTER CONTENTS PAGE

PRELIMINARY PAGES …………………………………………..… 2

1.1 Population Composition………………………………… 21

Total Population By Age-Group and Sex……………… 21

1.2 Population Distribution………………………………….. 25

1.3 Population Changes……………………………………… 28

Historical Growth of Population……………………….. 28

CHAPTER CONTENTS PAGE

1.4 Other Population Characteristics………………………. 29

Population Projections and Estimates……………………….. 34

Projected Labor Force………………………………….. 38

2.1 Geographic Location……………………………………. 40

CHAPTER CONTENTS PAGE

Prevailing Wind Direction……………………………. 47

Tides and Current…………………………………….. 49

Trends in Tropical Cyclones…………………………. 49

2.6 Land Capability………………………………………. 55

2.7 Surface Drainage……………………………………… 56

Types of Bedrock Formation………………………… 58

2.9 Natural Risks and Hazards Areas………………….. 60

Storm Surge Occurrence…………………………….. 63

Landslide Prone Areas……………………………….. 65

Landslide and Flood Susceptibility Areas………… 66

Ground Failure/Collapse Prone Areas……………. 68

CHAPTER CONTENTS PAGE

3.3 Education…………………………………………….. 105

3.4 Protective Services………………………………….. 122

3.5 Sports and Recreation……………………………… 141

3.6 Social Welfare………………………………………. 146

Integrated Social Sector Analysis Matrix………… 154

4. ECONOMIC SECTOR……………………………………… 164

4.1 Industry……………………………………………… 164

4.2 Commerce and Trade……………………………… 184

4.3 Agriculture…………………………………………. 204

4.4 Forestry…………………………………………….. 214

4.5 Tourism…………………………………………….. 219

Integrated Economic Sector Analysis Matrix….. 237

5. INFRASTRUCTURE AND UTILITIES SECTOR……… 248

5.1 Transportation……………………………………. 248

CHAPTER CONTENTS PAGE

5.2 Power……………………………………………… 265

5.3 Water………………………………………………. 272

5.4 Communication………………………………….. 277

5.5 Solid Waste Management……………………….. 284

Integrated Infrastructure and Utilities Sector

NO. TITLE PAGE

1. Population Density Map……………………………………. 27

2. Map of the Philippines……………………………………… 41

5. Administrative Boundary Map……………………………. 44

7. Prevailing Wind Direction Map……………………………. 48

8. Frequency of Tropical Cyclone Passage Map……………. 51

10. Slope Map…………………………………………………….. 53

11. Soil Map………………………………………………………. 54

12. Land Capability Map………………………………………… 55