CRITICAL BOOK REPORT (CBR)

ARRANGED BY

GROUP 5

NAME : SUKARDI HULU

NIM : 212124094

CLASS :B

SEMESTER : II (DUA)

MATA KULIAH : BAHASA INGGRIS

SUPPORTING LECTURER

TRISMAN HAREFA, S.S.,M.Pd

NIAS UNIVERSITY

FACULTY OF TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION

INDONESIAN LITERATURE AND LANGUAGE EDUCATION STUDY PROGRAM

ACADEMIC YEAR 2021//2022

 FOREWORD

Praise and gratitude we pray to God Almighty for His mercy and grace, so that the
author can complete the assignment of the paper entitled "STRUCTURE AND
GRAMMAR”. on time.

We also thank For Lecturer TRISMAN HAREFA S.Pd., M.Pd as an English language
lecturer for his guidance and direction in making this paper well. The author also thanks
friends who have participated in the making of this paper so that this paper can be
completed. The author hopes that this paper can add insight and knowledge to readers.

Gunungsitoli, 13 Juli 2022

Writer

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 TABLE OF CONTENTS

FOREWORD ...................................................................................................................... i

TABLE OF CONTETS ....................................................................................................... ii

CHAPTER I PRELIMINARY ............................................................................ 1

A. Bacground................................................................................ 1
B. Purpose .................................................................................... 1

CHAPTER II DISCUSSION ............................................................................... 2

A. Identitas Buku .......................................................................... 2

B. Ringkasan isi buku .................................................................. 3

CHAPTER III PENILAIAN TERHADAP ISI BUKU ......................................... 13

A. Perbedaan buku : keunggulan dan kelemahan......................... 13

CHAPTER IV CLOSING ...................................................................................... 15

A. Kesimpulan .............................................................................. 15
B. Saran ........................................................................................ 15

BIBLIOGRAPHY ............................................................................................................... 16

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 CHAPTER I

PRELIMINARY

A. Background

When learning English, the thing that you will definitely encounter is grammar.
Starting from elementary to high school English subjects, you will definitely continue to
discuss grammar. Usually this is something that is most difficult to deal with when facing an
exam.
How come? There are various formulas and terms that must be considered to compose
sentences with correct grammar. However, don't worry because in this article we will
discuss grammar and terms that you need to know.

B. Purpose

To fulfill the task of the English course.

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 BAB II

DISCUSSION

A. IDENTITAS BUKU

1. BUKU I (Utama)

Judul Buku : English Grammar in Use: a self-study reference and practice book
forintermediate students, with answer

Penulis : Raymond Murphy

Penerbit : Cambridge University

PressTahun Terbit : 1985

Kota Terbit : Cambridge

Tebal Buku : 266 halaman

ISBN : 05212872-5

2. BUKU II (Pembanding)

Judul Buku : Bahasa Inggris 16 Tenses

Penulis : Pardiyono, M.Pd

Penerbit : Andi

Tahun Terbit : 2007

Kota Terbit : Yogyakarta.

Tebal Buku : 216 halaman.

ISBN : 979-763-350-5

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B. RINGKASAN ISI BUKU

1. BUKU I (UTAMA)

GOING TO ( I AM GOING TO DO)

a. We use going to (do) when we say what we have already decided to do, what we intend
to do in the future:
-A: There‟s a film on television tonight. Are you going to watch it?
-B: No, I‟m too tired. I‟m going to have an early night.

b. We prefer to use the present continuos (Iam doing) when we say what someone
has arranged to do- for example, arranged to meet someone, arranged to travel
somewhere. Going to is also possible:
-What time are you meeting Ann?
-I‟m travelling to Scotland on Monday.

c. We use was/were going to say what someone intended to do in the past ( but didn‟t
do):
-A: Did Tom do the examination?
-B: No, he was going to do it but in the end changed his mind.

d. Going to also has another meaning.

-Look at those black clouds! It‟s going to rain.
-Oh,I feel terrible. I think I‟m going to be sick.

WILL (1)

a. We use will („ll) when we decide to dosomething at the time ofspeaking:

-Oh, I‟ve left the door open. I‟ll go and shut it.
-I‟m too tired to walk home. I think I‟ll get a taxi You cannot use the
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 present simple (I do) in these sentence.
-I‟ll go and shut it
Do not use will to say what someone has already decided to do or arranged to:
-I can‟t meet you tomorrow because my parents are coming to seeme.
The negative of will is won‟t:
-Receptionist : I‟m afraid Mr. Wood can‟t see youuntil 4 o‟clock
-You:Oh, in that case I won‟t wait

b. We often use will in these situations: Offering

to do something:
-That bag looks heavy.I‟ll help you with it.
Agreeing or refushing to do something:
-I‟ve asked John to help mebut he won‟t Promising to do
something:
-Thank you for lending me the money. I‟ll pay you back on Friday.
Asking someone to do something:
-Will you shut the door, please?

WILL (2)

a. When we talk about the future, we often say what someone has arranged to do intend to
do. Do not use will in this situation:
-Tom is playing tennis on Monday
-Are you going watch television this evening?

b. Will and Shall

You can use shall or will with I and we:
-We shall (or we will) probably go to Scotland in June.
But in spoken English we normally use the short forms I‟ll and we‟ll:
-We‟ll probably go to Scotland in June.

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The negative of shall is shan‟t:
-I shan‟t be here tomorrow
Do not use shall with he/she/it/you/they.

WILL OR GOING TO?

a. Talking about future actions

We use both will and going to to talk about our future action but there is a clear
difference.
Will: we use will when we decide to do something at the time of speaking. The speaker
has not decided before.
Going to: We use going to when we have already decided to do something.Example:
-Anna: Oh, haven‟t we? I‟ll get some from the shop then
-Anna: I‟m going to get some salt from the shop. Can I get youanything, Jim?

b. Saying what will happen.

We use bot will and going to to say what we think will happen in the future:
-Do you think Tom will get the job?
We use going to (not will) when there is something in the present situation that show
what will happen in the future. The speaker feels sure about whatwill happen because
of the situation now.
-Look at those black clouds

WHEN AND IF SENTENCES (WHEN I DO…/ IF I DO…)

a. The same things happen after:

While after before until/till as soon as
-Can you look after the children while I am out?
-Beforeyou leave, you must visit the Museum.
-Wait here until I comeback.

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b. You can also use the present perfect ( I have done)after when/after/until etc,to show that
the first action will be finished before second:
-When I‟ve read this book, you can have it.

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It is often possible to use present simple or present perfect:
-I‟ll come as soon as I finish or I‟ll come as soon as I‟ve finished
c. After if we also use the present simple (I do) for the future:
-It‟s raining. We‟ll get we if we go out Be careful not to
confuse when and if.
Use when for things which are sure to happen:
-I‟m going shopping this afternoon. When I go shopping,I‟ll buy somefood
Use if (not when) for things which will possibly happen:
-I might go shopping this afternoon.If I go shopping, I‟ll buy somefood

WILL BE DOING AND WILL HAVE DONE

a. We use will be doing to say that we will be in the middleof doing something at a
certain time in the future.
Example:
- You‟ll recognize her when you see her. She‟ll be wearing a yellowhat
Compare will be doing with the other continuous forms:
-At 10 o‟clock tomorrow he will be working.

b. You can also use will be doing in another way: to talk about things which are already
planned or decided:
-I‟ll be going to the city centre later. Can I get yhou anything?

c. We use will have done (future perfect) to say that something will already havehappened
before a certain time in the future.
Example:
-We‟re late. I expect the film will already have started by the time weget to the cinema.

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2. BUKU II (PEMBANDING)

SNAPSHOT
Present future tense dipergunakan untuk mengungkapkan rencana (plan) atau
keinginan (want) yang berupa aktivitas tertentu yang akan dilakukan dimasa akan datang.
Lihat beberapa contoh berikut:
-Anda ingin segera mendapatkan pekerjaan baru. Hal tersebut dapat diungkapkan dengan
sederhana: “I want to get a new job soon.”
-Anda akan pergi kekantor naik bus besok. Kalimat untuk mengungkapkan hal tersebut
adalah: “I will go to the office by bus”.

FUNGSI

Fungsi utama present future tense adalah untuk mengungkapkan rencana atau aktivitas
dimasa yang akan datang.
e. Used to express activities for future time: Untuk mengungkapkan aktivitas yang akan
dilakukan pada waktu yang akan datang.
-Rezza will finish her work tomorrow.
-liza is going to her work tomorrow.
f. To express want and plans to do: Untuk mengungkapkan keinginan atau rencana yang
akan dilakukan.
-Salmon wants to buy a new motorcycles.
g. To express predictions or possibility: Untuk mengungkapkan prediksi atau perkiraan
atau sama kemungkinan.
-According to the weather report,it will rain tomorrow.
h. To offer to do something: Untuk menawarkan jasa
-I‟ll help you ifyou are ver busy tomorrow
i. To offer some promise to do something; Untuk menawarkan suatu janji untuk
melakukan sesuatu
-Thank you for lending me some money.I‟ll pay you back next Monday.

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j. To express a willingnesa; untuk menunjukan kesanggupan
-The phone is ringing=> Well, I‟ll get it
k. To express the continuity ofa prior plan: untuk menunjukkan kelanjutan rencana yang
telah ditetapkan semula. Khusus dipakai bentuk is going to.
-Why did you buy that pain=> I am going to paint my bedroom
l. To ask or request someone to do something: untuk mengungkapkan suatu
permintaan kepada seseorang agar melakukan sesuatu.
-Will you close the door, please?

FORMULA KATA KERJA

Terdapat formula kata kerja yang dapat diperkerjakan untuk mengungkapkan future
activities.
1. Will+Verb1
2. Its going to+ Verb1

3. Want to+Verb1
4. Plan to+Verb1
1. Ver-Ing (continuous)

DETAIL FORMULA DAN PERUBAHAN KATA KERJA

1. Pada dasarnya ketiga formula diatas dipergunakan untuk mengungkapkan suatu aktivitas
yang masih akan dilaksakan (future activities).
2. Auxiliary will diikuti kata kerja bentuk pertama (invinite tanpa to)
a. Auxiliary will sering dipendekkan menjadi „ll: I will=> I‟llWill: I will
come soon „ll: I‟ll come soon
b. Bentuk negative will not => won‟t+verb1
-He won‟t let you go away.
c. Bentuk interrogative will+clause:
-Will they have a meeting next Saturday?
d. Bentuk kalimat Tanya:

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-what will they have next Saturday?
3. Tidak terdapat perubahan kata kerja karena semua formula mempergunakan kata kerja
bentuk pertama.
-They feel a bit hungry
4. Be going to disesuaikan dengan subjek kalimat.
-They are going to come soon. I know that they always come on time
5. Untuk future tense dengan bentuk kata kerja plan dan want, harus disesuaikan dengan
bentuk subjek kalimat. Jika subjek berbentuk kata benda jamak, maka menggunakan
plan atau want, sedangkan jika berbentuk kata benda tunggal maka menggunakan plans
atau wants.
- They plan to have a vacation in Bali next month

TIME EXPRESSION

Terdapat berbagai variasi ekspresi keterangan waktu yang digunakan dalam future tense
ini, yaitu semua bentuk adverb yang menunjukkan keterangan waktu atau masa yang
akan datang.
Misalnya:
A. Bentuk word and phrase:
-Tomorrow : Sinta will attend the party tomorrow.
-Soon : They going to come soon.
-Tonight : I am staying at home tonioght
-Next Monday : I want to get a new dictionary next Monday
B. Bentuk clause:
-If my father gives me money next week,…
-If the rain falls tomorrow,…
-If the [eople have come,….

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PRESENT FUTURE BENTUK PASSIVE

Will +be +verb3 : Akan di….

Is going to+ be + verb3 :Akan segera di….

Active Phrases: Passive Phrases:

-Will type the report -The report will be typed by…

-Will repaint the car -The car will be repainted by…
-Will save allmoney -All the money will be saved by…

 Passive Sentences:
-The banks with poor management system will be liquidated soon by thegovernment.
-The new price for the gasoline will be determined soon.
-The new president will be elected by the members of the house of
representatives

ERROR

Kesalahan paling umum yang sering dilakukan oleh orang Indonesia yang sedang belajar
bahasa Inggris dalam hal penggunaan Future tense ini adalah sebagai berikut:
1. Mereka sering menambahkan to setelah will:

Salah:
-I will to come to your house tomorrow
-They will to bring some magazines to classBenar:
-I will come toyour house tomorrow
-They will bring some magazine.

2. Mereka belum tahu benar bahwa untuk mengungkapkan hal yang akan terjadi atau

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 dilaksanakan maka mereka perlu mempergunakan future tense:
Salah:
-I go to your house tomorrow at 8:00 o‟clock
-They go to school by bus tomorrowBenar:
-I will go to your house tomorrow at 8.00 o‟clock
-They will go to school by bus tomorrow

3. Demikian juga dengan kalimat Tanya yes/no dan Wh-questionSalah:

-How you will to come to the party tomorrow?

-What you will to do next Sunday? Benar:
-How will you came to the party tomorrow?
-What will you do nest Sunday?

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 BAB III

PENILAIAN TERHADAP ISI BUKU

Perbedaan Buku: Keunggulan dan Kelemahn

1. BUKU I

 Keunggulan:

a. Cover yg menarik berwarna pink, sehingga menambah minat untuk membaca.

b. Banyak menggunakan contoh-contoh dalam praktek future tense.
c. Pada buku ini tata letaknya sudah bagus sehingga saling berkaitan antara yangsatu dan
lainnya
d. Sub-babnya teratur

 Kelemahan:
a. Tidak terdapat kesimpulan di akhir.
b. Hanya menggunakan 1 bahasa, yakni bahasa inggris sehingga agak sulitdipahami
c. Penjelasanny terlalu singkat dan tidak begitu terperinci.

2. BUKU II
 Keunggulan
a. Dilihat dari segi bahasa, sangat menarik dikarenakan menggunakan perpaduan 2 bahasa
atau bilingual book dengan ini kita dapat meningkatkan pengetahuan kita dan
kemampuan berbahasa kita.
b. Isi buku nya tentang future tense nya sangat lengkap dikarenakan telah diberi penjelasan
secara rinci sehingga lebih mudah dipahami.
c. Memaparkan secara jelas pembahasan yang ada di dalam buku.
d. Menggunakan smart key atau kata kunci sehingga pembaca lebih mudahmengingat
apa yang telah dibaca tentang future tense.
e. Terdapat ERROR TEXT yakni kesalahan yang sering terjadi dalam penulisanfuture
tense disertai penulisan yang benar
f. Pada buku ini tata letaknya sudah bagus sehingga saling berkaitan antarayang satu
dan lainnya.
g. Sub bab nya teratur
h. Banyak menggunakan contoh contoh dalam praktek future tense

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 Kelemahan
a. Tidak terdapat kesimpulan atau rangkuman yang ada dalam setiap bab.
b. Desain covernya kurang menarik

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 BAB IV

CLOSSING

A. Kesimpulan
Antara kedua buku ini, semua memiliki keunggulan dan kelemahannya masing-
masing. Dimana setiap buku telah menjelaskan apa itu Future tense. Dan telah dijelaskan
tata cara penulisan, fungsi, formula, perubahan kata kerja dari present future tense.

B. Saran

Semoga Crtitical Book Report ini dapat merincikan penjelasan isi buku dan dapat
meminimalisir kalimat-kalimat latin sehingga mudah dipahami oleh pembaca dan
bermanfaat dan membantu dalam pembelajaran.

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 BIBLIOGRAPHY

Murphy Raymon, English Grammar in Use ,1985, Cambridge University Press ,

Cambridge

Pardiyono, M.Pd, Bahasa Inggris 16 Tenses, 2007, Andi, Yogyakarta

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