ATIENZA, JOHN MARI T.

NOVEMBER 18, 2022

BSHM-1B
Instructions
Find five (5) puzzles or riddles related in problem-solving in Mathematics. Discuss how
it works and explain the solution to the puzzles or riddles using the concept you have
learned in this lesson.

ANSWERS:
1.) Two times the sum of a number and 3 is equal to thrice the number plus 4.
Find the number.
Solution:
Step 1: Understand the Problem
We need to make sure that we have read the question carefully several times.
Let x - be the unknown number
Step 2: Make a Plan
We need to translate the problem mathematically.
Two times the sum of a number and 3 is equal to thrice the number plus 4.
2(x+3)=3x+4
Step 3: Do the Plan
We need to solve for the value of x, algebraically.
2(x+3)=3x+4
2x+6=3x+4
3x-2x= 6-4
x=2
Step 4: Look Back
If we take two times the sum of 2 and 3, that is the same as thrice the number
2 plus 4 which is 10, so this is is true. Thus the number we are looking for is 2.
2.) An agency charged Php 15,000 for a 3 day and 2-night tour in Macau and Php
20,000 for the same tour with a side trip to Hong Kong (HK). Ten persons joined
the trip, which enables them to collect Php 170,000. How many tourists made a
side trip to Hong Kong?
Solution:
Step 1: Understand the Problem
There are two types of tourists in the situation. Some purely stayed in Macau
while others made a side trip to HK. From the total collection, how much was the
amount collected from those who purely stayed in Macau and how much was collected
from those who made side trips to HK. It is needed to know how many were bound for
Macau who made a side trip to Hk.
Step 2: Make a Plan
Let x - be the number of tourist bound for Macau alone
y - be the number of tourists bound for Macau but made a side trip to HK
We need to translate the into algebraic equations.
Php 15,000 x - amount collected from the tourist bound for Macau alone
Php 20,000 x - amount collected from the tourist bound for Macau who made
a side trip to Hk.
Step 3: Do the Plan
x + y = 10 (equation 1)
15,000 x + 20, 000 y = 170,000 ( equation 2 )
We need to solve for the values of x and y.
a.) Using equation 1:
x + y = 10
y = 10 - x ( equation 3 )
b.) Substitute equation 3 in equation 2:
15,000 x + 20,000 y = 170, 000
15, 000 x + 20, 000 ( 10 - x ) = 170, 000
15, 000 x + 200, 000 - 20, 000 x = 170, 000
-5, 000 x = 170, 000 - 200, 000
- 5, 000 x = -30, 000
 x=−30,000−5000
x=6
c.) Substitute x = 6 in equation 3 to find y.
y = 10 - x
y = 10 - 6
y=4
Step 4: Look Back
Since there are a total of 10 tourists, 6 of them stayed only in Macau while 4
made a side trip in HK.
15,000 ( 6 ) + 20, 000 ( 4 ) = 170, 000
This satisfies the condition that the total amount collected for the whole trip is
Php 170,000.

3.) If the smaller of two numbers is one-half of the larger number and the sum of
the two numbers is 57, find the numbers.
Solution:
Step 1: Understand the Problem
Find two numbers that add up to be 57.
Step 2: Make a Plan
Make a list of numbers where the second number is twice the first number.
Step 3: Do the Plan
First number Second number Sum
4 8 12
10 20 30
17 34 51
19 38 57  correct
Therefore, the numbers are 19 and 38
Step 4: Look Back
19 x 2 = 38
38 + 19 = 57
4.) The sum of the digits of a two-digit number is 7. If 9 is subtracted from the
number, the answer will be the number with the digits reversed. Find the number.
Solution:
Step 1: Understand the Problem
The sum of two-digit number is 7. The number minus 9 is the original number
with digits reversed.
Step 2: Make a Plan
Make a list of two-digit number where the sum of the digit is 7.
Step 3: Do the Plan
Original number Number minus 9
16 7
25 16
70 61
43 34  correct
Therefore, the number is 43
Step 4: Look Back
4+3=7
43 – 9 = 34

5.) When the mortgage is completely paid off for Mark and Lynne’s house, it will
be 5 times as old as it is now. If they have 28 years left on the mortgage, how old
is the house right now?
Solution:
Step 1: Understand the Problem
Age of the house, we need to be able to add 28 and multiply by 5 and get the
same number.
Step 2: Make a Plan
Guessing the age of the house add 28 and multiply by 5.
Step 3: Do the Plan
 Age Age + 28 Age x 5
4 32 20
8 36 40
7 35 35  correct
Therefore, the age of the house is 7 years.
Step 4: Look Back
7 + 28 = 35
7 x 5 = 35