Problem Set No.

4 (Problem-Solving):

Name: ____Pab Danielle Diaz_______________________________________

Course & Year: __BSED-Science 1 __________________________________

A. Solve the following Ken-Ken Puzzles:

(1) 4 x 4

2 1 4 3

1 3 2 4

3 4 1 2

4 2 3 1

(2) 5 x 5

2 5 1 4 3

4 1 2 3 5

3 2 5 1 4

1 3 4 5 2

5 4 3 2 1

B. Solve the following ten (10) Algebra Problems below using the Polya’s
Problem-solving Strategy, that is, it must have the following parts:
[Problem Statement]
(i) Given / Sketch (if necessary) – the quantities that are known in the
problem
(ii) Required – the variable you need to solve
(iii) Solution:
 Required formula / Algebraic formulation
  Substitution of given quantities to the formula
 Computed answer

(iv) Answer with correct unit or description

Algebra Problems:

1. [Number-Relation Problem] A certain number added to 18 gives the same result

as that obtained when twice the number is subtracted from 42. Find the
number.
Given: 18, 42
Required: Find a certain number or the n
Solution:
Let n = the number
Let 2n = twice the number
18 + n = 42 - 2n
3n = 24
n=8
Answer: The number is 8.

2. [Motion or Rate Problem] Two cars having average speed of 30 and 40 miles per
hour respectively leave the same point and travel in opposite direction. In how
many hours would they be 700 miles apart?

Given:
Car1= 30 miles per hour
Car2= 40 miles per hour
Distance= 700 miles apart
Required:
The number of hours
Solution:
d = vt
  When moving in opposite directions, add the 2 speeds.
  v = (30 + 40) mph = 70 mph
  d = 700 mi
  t = d/v = 700 mi /70 mph = 10 h
 
Answer: They would be 700 miles apart in 10 hours.

3. [Work Problem] Jack can plow a field in 8 days while Jill can plow the same field
in 6 days. How long will they require working together?

Given:
Jack - 8 days
Jill - 6 days

Required:
The time they require on working together.

Solution:
1/8 + 1/6 = 1/t
(1/8 + 1/6+ 1/t) (8.6) t
6t + 8t = 48
14t/14 = 48/14
t= 3. 42

Answer: They need 4 days and 18 hours on working together.

4. [Digit Problem] Sum of the digits of a two-digit number is 11. If the digits are
interchanged, the new number is 27 larger than the original number. Find the
original number.

Given:
11, 27
Required: Find the original number.
Solution:
Number = xy
New number = yx
  x + y = 11
  First off, logically, the only possibilities are:
29, 92
38, 83
47, 74
56, 65
Given the digits add to 11 and the 2nd number is larger.
Which pair has the 2nd number equal to 1st number plus 27?
 Answer:  47, 74
 
That being said, at the algebraic solution:
  xy
yx
 
x + y = 11
x = 11-y
 
The value of xy = 10x + y
The value of yx is 10y + x
 
Since yx is 27 more than xy we have:
 
10x + y + 27 = 10y + x
Subtract (10y+x) from both sides
9x - 9y + 27 = 0
9x - 9y = -27
 
But, x = 11-y
 
9(11-y) - 9y = -27
99 - 9y - 9y = -27
99 - 18y = -27
-18y = -126
y=7
 
x = 11-y = 4
 
Answer:  47, 74
 
Answer: The original number is 47 or when interchanged, 74.
5. [Clock Problem] At what time (Hours : Minutes: Seconds) between seven and
eight o’clock will the hands of a clock be together?

Given: between seven and eight o’ clock

Required: the time when the hands of a clock be together between seven and eight
o’ clock.

Solution:
Angle speed= hr= 0.5°/minute
min= 6°/minute
At 7 o’ clock= 210°
minute= 180° angle

Ha- Hm= 0.5 x (60 x H- 11x M)

180= 0.5 x (60 x 7 - 11x M)
M= 5.5 mins or 5 mins and 30s

Answer: The hands of a clock will be together between seven and eight o’ clock in 7
hours, 5 minutes and 30 seconds.

6. [Geometry Problem] The area of a square exceeds the area of a rectangle by 4

sq. ft. The width of the rectangle is 3 ft. shorter and the length is 4 ft. longer
than the side of the square. Find the side of the square.

Given: area of a square = 4 sq.ft than the area of a rectangle

Width of the rectangle= 3 ft. shorter than the side of the square
Length of the rectangle= 4 ft. Longer than the side of the square

Required: The side of the square

Solution:
s2= lw + 4 ft2
s2= (s+4) (s-3) + 4ft
s2= s2 + 4s- 3s- 12 + 4
s2= s2+ s- 8
s= 8 ft

Answer: The side of the square is 8 ft.

7. [Age Problem] A man is 4 years older than his wife and 5 times as old as his son.
When the son was born, the age of the wife was six-sevenths that of her
husband’s age. Find the age of each.

Given: man= 4 years older than his wife and 5 times older than his son
Wife= six-sevenths of her husband’s age when delivering her son

Required: The age of the husband, wife, and son.

Solution:

Let wife's age be x

man's age = x+4
son's age = 1/5 * (x+4)
wife's age when son was born : ( x- 1/5(x+4))
Husband's age when son was born ((x+4)-(1/5*(x+4))

6/7((x+4)-(1/5*(x+4))=( x- 1/5(x+4))
6/7(x+4 -((x+4)/5)) = (x-((x+4)/5))
LCD = 5 6/7(5x+20-x-4)/5 = (5x-x-4)/5

6/7(4x+16)/5 = 4x-4)/5
6/7(4x+16) = 4x-4
6(4x+16) = 7(4x-4)
24x+96=28x-28
4x=96+28 4x=124

Age of wife = x= 31 years

Age of Man = 31+4 = 35 years
Age of son = 1/5*35 =7 years

Answer: The wife is 31 years old, the man is 35 years old, and the son is 7 years
old.

8. [Mixture Problem] How much water must be evaporated from a 90-pound of a

12% salt water solution in order to obtain a 20% salt water solution?

Given: 90- pound of a 12% salt water solution, 20% salt water solution

Required: The amount of water

Solution:
90/x * 12/20
10.8/20= 20x/20
54= x
90-54= 36 pound

Answer: The amount of water to be evaporated in order to obtain a 20% salt water
solution is 36 pound.

9. [Investment or Business Problem] A man has P 40,000 invested at 4% and 5%

bonds. His annual income from the 4% bond exceeds that from 5% bond by P
250. Find the amount of the bond of each kind that he owns.

Given: man= P 40,000 invested at 4% and 5% bonds

4% bond exceeds that from 5% bond by P 250
Required: the amount of the bond of each kind that the man owns

Solution:

0.04x - 0.05y = P250

0.04x- 0.05 ( 40, 000-x) = 250
0.04x- 2000- 10.5x = 250
0.09x= 250 + 2000
0.09x = 2250
x= 25, 000

4% = P25, 000.00
5% = P15, 000.00

Answer: The amount of the bond is P25, 000 at 4% and P15, 000 at 5%.

10. [Lever Problem] A 200-pound man and his 150-pound wife sits on opposite
ends of a 15-foot balance board. They asked their 60-pound child to join them
on the board. Where should their son sit to balance the board. That is, to obtain
equilibrium.

Given: 200-pound man, 150-pound wife, 60-pound child

15-foot balance board

Required: The position of the child in the board to obtain equilibrium.

Solution:

(200)7.5 = (150 +60) x

1500/210= 210x/210
x= 7.14

Answer: The child should be 7.14 from the center to the wife.

Use filename: GE112-YourCourse-YourSurname-PS4

Due date:On or before March 14, 2021