2.6 & 2.

7: Applications
Objective: *Apply the blueprint for problems solving to a variety of application problems.

Word Problems scare me!

Word Problems make me nervous!

Word Problems? I just skip them!

Dont Worry! With just 6 easy steps, you can become a Word Problem Whiz!

Step 1

READ the problem.

What is/are the given information? What is asked in the problem?

Step 2

Assign a variable to one of the unknown items.

Translate the word problem to expressions involving variables.

Step 3

Reread the problem.

Write the equation.

Solve the equation.

Step 4

Write your answer completely.

Step 5

Step 6

Reread the problem and check your solution. (Does my answer makes sense?)

Look for clues.

Remember the terms used for addition, subtraction, multiplication, & division.

Work it out!

NUMBER PROBLEM
If one-half of a certain number is added to one-third of the same number, the result is 35. Find the number.
Solution: Let x = number Equation: 1 x + 1 x = 35 2 3 Solve: 3 x + 2 x = 35 6 6 (6)5 x = 35(6) 56 5 (6)5 x = 35(6) 56 5 x = 42
Check: (42) + 1/3 (42) = 35 21 + 14 = 35

NUMBER PROBLEM (PS 2.6 #5)

Five times the sum of a number and seven is thirty. Find the number.
Solution: Let x = number Equation: 5(n+7) = 30 Solve: 5n + 35 = 30

5n = -5 5 5 n = -1
Check: 5(n+7) = 30 5(-1+7) = 30 5(6) = 30

5n = 30 - 35
5n = -5

NUMBER PROBLEM (PS 2.6 #9)

One number is four less than three times another. If their sum is increased by five, the result is twenty-five. Find the numbers.
Solution: Let x = 1st number 3x-4 = 2nd number Equation: x + (3x 4) + 5 = 25 Solve: 4x + 1 = 25 4x = 25 - 1 4x = 24 4 4 x = 6 = 1st number 2nd number 3x 4 = 3 (6) 4 18 4 = 14
Check: 6 + 14 + 5 = 25

AGE PROBLEM
Anna is twice as old as Rea. In seven years the sum of their ages will be forty-four. How old each one of them?
Solution: Let x = Reas age, 2x = Anna age Equation: In 7 years Rea = x + 7 Anna = 2x + 7 Reas age = x = 10 years old Annas age = 2x = 2(10) = 20 years old

Solve: x + 7 + 2x + 7 = 44 3x + 14 = 44 3x = 44 -14 3x = 30 x = 10

Check: 3x + 14 = 44 3(10) + 14 = 44

AGE PROBLEM (PS 2.6 #11)

Shelly is 3 years older than Michele. Four years ago the sum of their ages was 67. find the age of each person now.
Equation: 4 years ago Let Michele age = x 4 Shelly x + 3 4 = x - 1 Equation: Now Michele = x Shelly = x + 3 Micheles age now = x = 36 years old Shellys age now = x + 3 = 36 + 3 = 39 years old

Solve: (x 4) + (x 1) = 67 2x - 5 = 67 2x = 67 + 5 2x = 72 x = 36

Check: (36 4) + (36 - 1) = 67 32 + 35 = 67

PERIMETER PROBLEM (PS 2.6 #25)

One side of a triangle is three times the shortest side. The third side is 7 feet more than the shortest side. The perimeter is 62 feet. Find all three sides. Solution:
Let x = length of the triangles shortest side (1st side) 3x = 2nd side x + 7 = 3rd side x = 11 feet (1st side)

P= side + side + x + 3x + x + 7 = 62 5x + 7 = 62 5x = 62 - 7

1st

2nd

3rd

side

3x = (3) 11 = 33 feet (2nd side) X + 7 = 11 + 7 = 18 feet (3rd side) Check: 11 + 33 + 18 = 62

5x = 55 5 5

COIN PROBLEM
A coin purse contains 27 coins. There are 3 more than 50 satang coins than 1 baht coins and twice as many 25 satang coins as 1 baht coins. How many of each denominations are there? How much does the purse contain? Solution: Let B = # 1 baht coins F = # 50 satang coins T = # 25 satang coins Equations: B + F + T = 27 B = 3 + F, F = B -3 B = 2T, T = B/2
B = 12 F = B 3 = 12 3 F =9 T = B/2 = T = 12/2 T=6

Solve: B + F + T = 27 Substitute: B + (B - 3) + (B) = 27 2 5 B 3 = 27 (2)5 B = 2 (5)2 5 B = 27 + 3 B = 12 2 5B = 30 2

30 (2) (5)

Check: B + F + T = 27 12+ 9 + 6 = 27

COIN PROBLEM (PS 2.6 #35)

Marissa has $4.40 in quarters and dimes. If she has 5 more quarters than dimes, how many of each coin does she have?

Solution: Let x = # dimes x + 5 = # quarters

Solve: 10x + 25 x + 125 = 440 35 x + 125 = 440 35 x = 440 125 35 x = 315 35 35 x = 9 dimes

Equations: Value in cents 10 x + 25(x+5) = 440

quarters : x + 5 = 9 + 5 = 14 quarters Check: 9 dimes = 9 (10) = 90 cents 14 quarters = 14(25) = 350 cents 90 + 350 = 440 cents = $4.40

CONSECUTIVE INTEGER PROBLEM

Find two consecutive positive integers such that one-fourth of the smaller number is 3 more than one-fifth of the larger number. Solution: Let x = smaller integer x + 1 = larger integer Equation: 1 x = 3 + 1 (x + 1) 4 5 Solve: 1 x = 3 + 1 x + 1 4 5 5

1 x = 15 + 1 20 5 5
(20)1 x = 16(20) 20 5

x = 64 (smaller integer)
x + 1 = 65 (larger integer)
Check: (64) = 3 + 1/5(64 + 1) 16 = 3 + 65/5 16 = 3 + 13

1x-1x=3+1 4 5 5
5x-4x=3+1 20 20 5

CONSECUTIVE INTEGER PROBLEM (PS 2.7 # 13)

The sum of three consecutive even integers is 132. Find the numbers.

Solution: Let x = 1st even integer x + 2 = 2nd even integer x + 4 = 3rd even integer Equation: x + x + 2 + x + 4 = 132
Solve: 3x + 6 = 132 3x = 132 - 6 3x = 126

3 x = 126 3 3
x = 42 (1st integer) x + 2 = 42 + 2 = 44 (2nd int) x + 4 = 42 + 4 = 46 (3rd int)

Check: 42 + 44 + 46 = 132

WORK PROBLEM
Glenda can type a book report in 2 hours and her younger brother can do the same job in 1 hours. How many minutes will it take them to finish the book report if they will work together? Solution: 2 hours = 120 minutes 1 hours = 105 minutes Equation: 1 + 1 = 1 120 105 t Solve: (7) + 8 =1 840 840 t 15 = 1 840 t 15 t = 840 15 t = 840 15 15

t = 56 minutes
Check: 1 + 1 = 1 120 105 56

INTEREST PROBLEM (PS 2.7 #15)

Suppose you invest money in two accounts. One of the accounts pays 8% interest, whereas the other pays 9% annual interest. If you have $2,000 more invested at 9% than you have invested at 8%, how much do you have invested in each account if the total amount of interest you earn in a year is $860?
Solution: Let x = $ invested at 8% x + 2,000 = $ invested at 9% I = Prt I (8%) = x (0.08) (1) = 0.08x I (9%) = (x + 2,000) (0.09) (1) = 0.09x + 180 I(8%) + I(9%) = 860 0.08x + (0.09x + 180) = 860 0.17x + 180 = 860 0.17x = 860 - 180 0.17 0.17 x = 4,000 ($ inv @ 8%) x + 2,000 = 4,000 + 2,000 = 6,000 ($ inv @ 9%)

Check: 0.08(4,000) + 0.09 (6,000) = 860

TRIANGLE PROBLEM (PS 2.7 #23)

The smallest angle in a triangle is 1/5 as the largest angle. The third angle is twice the smallest angle. Find the three angles. 8 x = 180 Solution: 5 8
x = measure of the largest angle (1st) 1 x = measure of the smallest angle (2nd) 5 (2) 1 x = measure of the 3rd angle 5 1st angle + 2nd angle + 3rd angle = 180 x + 1 x + 2x = 180 5 5 5 x + 1 x + 2 x = 180 5 5 5

(5)8 x = 180(5) (8) 5 8

x = 112.5 (1st angle) 1/5 (112.5) = 22.5 (2nd) 2(22.5) = 45 (3rd)

Check: 112.5 + 22.5 + 45 = 180

We did it!
We are Word Problem Whizzes!

Problem Set 2.6 (pp.128-131) Problem Set 2.7 (pp.135-139)

Individual Practice: Homework Multiples of 4 PS 2.6: Questions Nos. 4, 8, 12,44 PS 2.7: Questions Nos. 4, 8, 12,48