Proyecto original:

Dr. Efraín Davis

Equipo:
Mgter. Ana Claudia Saraceni
Lic. Mirtha Roldán
Mgter. Iris Morena
Lic. Claudia Andrade
Lic. María Ofelia Rosas
Mgter. Gabriela D’Anunzio
Lic. María Angélica Dubuloy
Lic. Ana María Carrizo
Lic. Mariana Sanjurjo
Mgter. Bárbara Konicki

CUADERNILLO ACTUALIZADO: 2º CUATRIMESTRE 2022

CUADERNILLO CURSO de VERANO 2023

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Content Organization

Section 1
The classroom of the future
- Before, while and after reading
- Grammar stop: Connectors (and, so, but, if,
when, after, before, because, because of, due
to, besides, what’s more, moreover,
Module 1 therefore)
- Check your progress
- Expressing yourself: The future of universities
The Future of Education and technological changes

Section 2
What is Augmented Reality (AR)?
- Grammar stop: Passive Voice
- Check your progress 1
- Expressing yourself: Past, present and future
of technology in education
- Check your progress 2

Video Time
Five technologies that will change
classroom education

Time for Fiction I

Dr. Son Tech, by M.M. Rold
- Grammar stop: Connectors (as, when, so,
therefore, however, although, despite, in
spite of, after, before)
- Check your progress 3
- Expressing yourself: The impact of
technology

Section 1
The personality traits needed to be hired
- Before, while and after reading
Module 2 - Vocabulary building: Soft skills
- Lexis and Grammar: Expressing abilities,
qualities, likes and dislikes (Adjectives and
nouns, Good/Bad + at + noun or ing, Find it
The Right Person for the + adj + to infinitive, Adjectives + enough +
Right Job to infinitive, Like+ noun or ing)
- Check your progress 1
- Expressing yourself: Description of
personality
- Grammar stop: Relative pronouns who/that
- Check your progress 2

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 Time for Fiction II
The Selfish Giant, by Oscar Wilde
- Grammar Stop: Past Simple (revisited), Past
Continuous
- Check your progress 3
- Expressing yourself: The Giant’s personality
traits

Check your Progress towards Mid-term

Test 1.

Section 1
How to Find a Career Path Using the
Theory of Multiple Intelligences
- Before, while and after reading
- Vocabulary building: University professions
revisited
- Expressing yourself: Types of intelligences

Section 2
Module 3 Weird Interview Questions
- Before, while and after reading
- Grammar stop: Second type conditional
Intelligences at Work - Check your progress 1

Time for fiction III

The Exam
- Before, while and after reading
- Vocabulary building: Multiple intelligences &
Expressions to describe strengths and skills…
revisited!
- Grammar stop: Question-making and Past
Tenses revisited
- Check your progress 2

Section 1
The 5 Most Successful Work Environments
(and the 5 Worst)
- Before, while and after reading
- Grammar stop: Relative Pronoun “where”
- Expressing yourself: Working environments
Module 4

Time for Fiction IV

Stitches, by G. Alex
Fitting in Work Environments
- Check your progress
- Expressing yourself: Working environment
and personality traits

Video Time
The worst job I’ve ever had
- Culture corner: Filler words

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 Extra Reading Material Witches’ Loaves, by O’Henry
(Accreditation Students)

Appendix 1 ABC of Grammar Topics Revisited from English I

Appendix 2 Transcripts

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 MODULE 1
THE FUTURE OF EDUCATION

Topics Functions Structures

- Making plans and - Be + going to
- Higher Education in predictions - Will + infinitive
the future (revisited) - Connectors: and, so,
- Technologies of the - Giving opinion but, if, when, after,
future - Expressing before, because (of),
agreement and due to, although,
disagreement however, despite, in
- Comparing spite of, besides,
Fiction characteristics and what’s more,
actions moreover, therefore
Dr Son Tech by M.M. - Expressing reason, - Passive Voice
Rold result, contrast,
addition, time
- Emphasizing actions

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 Section 1

BEFORE READING

a) Do you think it is important to adapt to the new ICTs? Why? Why

not?

b) Relate some of these expressions to the pictures. Can you

explain what these expressions mean? In what contexts can
they be used? Do you have experience in using these
technologies?

interactive desks – interactive walls – holograms

3D printers – augmented reality – virtual reality

(a) (b)

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(c) (d)

(e) (f)

WHILE READING

While reading this article, complete the missing subheadings with

the vocabulary in the previous activity. There is one extra
expression.

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 The Classroom of the Future
“2026 might sound like a long
way away, but technology is evolving
rapidly,” says Simon Nutt from Hope
Education.
Here are a few examples of the
things we can expect to see in learning
environments in the next decade.
…………………….
When we were at school, chalk
boards were the norm, but times have
changed. Because of the rise of tablets
and smartphones, old-fashioned
boards will soon be replaced with
something more similar to touch-screen
technology.
An interactive LCD wall will
deliver learning points and allow for
multiple learners to touch the screen at
once. This encourages a positive and
proactive attitude towards education.
In fact, these interactive walls
can be operated by learners not only in
their classroom, but by learners from
classrooms all over the world with similar
technology installed.
…………………….
Besides, students of the future will
benefit from touch-screen technology
at their own desks. Individual interactive
desks mean that no single student will
‘monopolise’ the interactive wall.
Interactive desks ensure “fair and equal
access” to learning so that learners can
complete the activities set by their
tutors.
…………………….
Our children can benefit from
the advancements in holography and
learning from 3D images beamed into
the centre of their classrooms. In fact,
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some people believe that the next step
for holography in education will be
holographic telepresence.
…………………….
In the future, tutors will be able to
use 3D printers to literally bring
theoretical, abstract ideas to life in
tangible form.
3D printers are also going to
allow our future professionals to create
prototypes of their work. This is a great
prospect for learners studying art or
engineering as they can have a real
understanding of whether or not their
ideas can be achieved.
………………………….
The use of virtual reality in the
classroom can be the most exciting
innovation. Virtual reality is often used
to teach pilots how to fly planes, or to
prepare soldiers for combat; by 2026,
it’s thought that it will be used to deliver
lots of learning materials to students.
Moreover, virtual reality can be
a great tool to keep students’
attention. For example, learning about
'best practices' in a science laboratory,
or visiting faraway places in a
Geography lesson is infinitely more fun
when students can work in a virtual lab.
Therefore, in ten years' time,
don't be surprised if your child comes
home to tell you that they’ve spent the
day in an archaeological site in Egypt
while wearing a headset, or learnt
about the climate of the Himalayas by
walking around a hologram projection
of a mountain range. After lunch, they
may run between their interactive walls
and desks, 3D printers and hologram
machines to learn school subjects using
the very latest tools.
Adapted from:
https://www.theschoolrun.com/classroom-of-the-future
AFTER READING
a) Answer the following questions.
1. Which of the technologies above are you familiar with? Share your
experience with the class.
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
2. Which technology is not available in Argentine universities?
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
3. Let’s focus on this idea from the text: “Times have changed.” Is it
positive or negative? What is your opinion?
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

b) Complete the sentences by using the following words: and, so,

because, but, if.

1. Old-fashioned boards………………………………………………………………………………
.................................................................................................
2. The use of holography .................................................................
.................................................................................................
3. Students of the future .................................................................
.................................................................................................
4. Virtual reality .............................................................................
.................................................................................................

What is the function of the words you have just used to complete
the sentences above?

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GRAMMAR STOP
Connectors (Part I)

Is there any difference between sentences a, b and c? Is there any

difference in meaning? What is the function of the connectors?

a) By 2026, it’s thought that VR will be used to deliver lots of learning

materials to students. Moreover, it can be a key challenge to getting
students engaged.

b) By 2026, it’s thought that VR will be used to deliver lots of learning

materials to students. Besides, it can be a key challenge to getting
students engaged.

c) By 2026, it’s thought that VR will be used to deliver lots of learning

materials to students; What’s more, it can be a key challenge to getting
students engaged.

Is there any difference between sentences a and b? Is there any

difference in meaning? What is the function of the connectors?

a) After (Before) lunch, children might run between their interactive walls
and desks.

b) After (Before) children have lunch, they might run between their
interactive walls and desks.

What is the difference between sentences a and b? Is there a difference

in meaning?

a) Because/As there will be a rise of tablets and smartphones, old-

fashioned boards will soon be replaced with something more similar to
touch-screen technology.

b) Because of/Due to the rise of tablets and smartphones, old-fashioned

boards will soon be replaced with something more similar to touch screen
technology.

Can you include them in the table of connectors below?

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Focus on this table

Addition Result Contrast Reason Time Condition Position and

punctuation

and so but (1)

__ ~ __ .
or
__ , ~ __ .

(2)
__ . ~ , __ .
or
__ ; ~ , __ .

when if (3)
after ~ __ , __ .
before or
__ ~ __ .

(4)
~ + noun , __
.
or
__ ~ + noun .

(5)
~ + -ing , __ .
or
__ ~ + -ing .

CHECK YOUR PROGRESS

a) Choose the suitable connector.

In developing countries, governments are trying to implement more

educational technology. 1Besides,/But universities are increasing studies
on that. It is true that technology is important, 2but/so it is also essential
3 4
to train educators before/after its implementation due to/as they
5
should have the capacity to maximize its effectiveness. If/When they
cannot use the innovations professionally, it will be a waste of time and
money.

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b) Complete the following text using the appropriate connector.
There are some extra words.

as - besides - and - but (x2) - so

because of - because - after - when

What will universities look like in 2030?

We asked several distinguished academics to tell us how they imagine

higher education will look in 2030. 1……………………………… a deep analysis of
their responses, we concluded that there are totally opposing viewpoints on
the matter. One contributor suggests that the rise of artificial intelligence
2
will make the university disappear within 15 years, ………………………………
others believe that technology will continue to have minimal impact
3
……………………………… machines will never replace academic faculty. Quite
probably, the concept of individual campuses will slowly disappear,
4
………………………… students will always need teachers to guide them in their
learning process. In fact, teachers will need to be prepared to face new
challenges. The implementation of new technological devices will demand
pedagogical knowledge in order to ensure quality teaching.
5
………………………………… , they will need a basic understanding of technical
possibilities and limitations of the technology.
All in all, we can say that there will surely be many changes
6 7
…………………………… the rapid rise of digital technology ……………………………
the inclusion of technological devices in the classroom. Anyway, only time
8
will tell whether these predictions are right …………………… nobody can
anticipate the precise course of events.

c) Unjumble the following questions.

1. be/what/the main changes/will/?

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
2. substitute/why/teachers/machines/will/?
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
3. Australian universities/do/modify/that/think/you/their policies/need
to/?
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

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 4. believe/be/do/you/that/better/will/Australian universities/ in the
future/?
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
5. don’t/will/if/universities/technologies/what/adopt /happen/the latest/?
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

d) Complete the interview between a journalist and a professor

from a prestigious Australian university with the questions in the
previous exercise.

1
Journalist: ………………………………………………………………………………………….……….?

Professor: Mmm… I don’t think universities will be better, just different!

2
Journalist: ……………………………………………………………………………………………….….?

Professor: Well… To be honest, I believe university campuses will become

obsolete and most teachers will be replaced by computers.

Journalist: Really? 3……………………………………………………………………………………….?

Professor: In simple words... If teachers don’t adapt to the latest

technologies, they will lose their jobs.

4
Journalist: ……………………………………………………………………………………………….….?

Professor: Absolutely, Australian universities will need to modify their

policies.

5
Journalist: …………………………………………………………………………………………………..?

Professor: Well... If we don’t adopt the new technologies, we will probably

disappear.

Journalist: Thank you very much for sharing your opinion with us.

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 EXPRESSING YOURSELF
Giving your opinion.
Useful expressions:

I think ... I’m fairly certain that ...

I suppose ... (tentative) It’s my opinion that ...
I suspect that ... I’m convinced that … (strong opinion)
I’m pretty sure that ... (only with I wonder if ... (an open opinion)
friends)

Choose one topic and write down your opinion in a five-sentence

paragraph. Use expressions of opinion and varied connectors
introduced in this section. Be ready to share it with the rest of the
class.

Please, note the different types of sentences.

a) ([Technology is transforming education]).

One sentence, one clause.

b) ([Technology is transforming education] so [education policies should change]).

One sentence, two clauses.

c) ([As technology is constantly changing], [most universities will need to modify their policies]).

One sentence, two clauses.

1. Robots will replace teachers.

2. Students will learn more or in a better way if technology is
implemented.
3. The next step for holography in education will be holographic
telepresence.
4. 3D printers will be prohibited.

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……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

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 Section 2

BEFORE READING
After working with the text “The classroom of the future”, we agreed there
are advantages and disadvantages of using technologies. Some of the
concepts mentioned were VR (Virtual Reality) and AR (Augmented Reality),
but have you ever thought about the differences between these
technologies?
a) Have a look at this chart. Match the pictures with their
descriptions.

A B C

D E F

1 3 5

2 4 6

Adapted from: https://www.forbes.com/sites/quora/2018/02/02/the-difference-between-virtual-reality-augmented-

reality-and-mixed-reality/?sh=6a10066d2d07

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 b) Watch the video to check your answers. Also, pay attention to a
fourth technology which is not included in the previous activity.
What is that technology?

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IFgGzOpjlUM&t=2s

WHILE READING
Now that we know they are completely different, read the text
below about Augmented Reality to learn more about this
technology. While reading, decide if these ideas are TRUE or FALSE.

1. Everybody knows what AR is. …….

2. Technology is essential to create artificial environments. ……..
3. A camera can calculate the distance between two objects. ……..
4. Google Translate is a useful VR app to translate words. ……..

What is augmented reality?

Augmented Reality (AR) is a technology that includes digital information such as
sounds, videos, and graphics on top of the real-world environment. The first AR
technology was developed in 1968 at Harvard when computer scientist Ivan
Sutherland, who was named the “father of computer graphics”, created an AR head-
mounted display system. AR is often confused with Virtual Reality (VR), in which
artificial environments are entirely created by technology.

Augmented reality superimposes sounds, videos, and graphics onto an existing

environment. Four main components are used to superimpose images on current
environments: cameras, processing, projection, and reflection.
Each of these components provides an individual function. For example, an image’s
depth can be detected or the distance between two objects can be calculated by the
camera before superimposing digital content atop the user’s view. Virtual information
is added over what a user sees; for example, a method known as projection mapping
enables AR apps to digitally overlay video onto any physical surface. Even Google
Translate has an AR feature to translate words or sentences scanned with a
smartphone camera.

Adapted from: Augmented Reality in Education: Interactive Classrooms | Maryville Online

17 / 129
AFTER READING

Let’s account for your decisions in the True or False exercise.

What does the text say about sentence n° 1?

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
What does the text say about sentence n° 2?
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
What does the text say about sentence n° 3?
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
What does the text say about sentence n° 4?
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

GRAMMAR STOP

Have you heard about the terms Active Voice and Passive Voice? Do
you know about their differences? When do you use them? How do
you use them?
Passive Voice

 Most sentences in the language are in the Active Voice, when the
subject is the focus of the action. Example:

Everybody knows what AR is.

We pay attention to the doers of the action, and we can answer this
question: “Who does the action?” In the example above, who does the
action “knows”?

The answer is Everybody.

 However, sometimes we need to change the focus and the object of

the sentence becomes the new subject. This is the Passive Voice.

Artificial environments are entirely created by technology.

We don’t pay attention to who does the action, we focus our attention on
the person or object that is affected so we can answer the following
question: Who or what is affected by the action? In the example above,
what is affected by the action “created”?

The answer is Artificial environments.

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Let’s analyse more examples. What do these ideas have in common
in their verb structures?

1. Virtual information is added over what a user sees.

2. The first AR technology was developed in 1968 at Harvard.
3. An image’s depth can be detected.

Passive Voice structure

Subject (affected by the action) + different tenses of “be” + Past

Participle + by + doer of the action

If it is necessary to include the doer of the action, it is preceded by the

preposition BY. However, the doer of the action is omitted when it is
unknown or it is obvious from the context.

Important!
The verb “to be” indicates the tense in the Passive Voice. To determine the
verb tense in a Passive Voice sentence we must observe how the verb “to
be” is conjugated. We can also use Passive Voice sentences with Modal
Verbs.

Notice!
If you need to include an adverb, it is usually placed between the verb “to
be” and the past participle verb. Example:

Artificial environments are entirely created by technology.

CHECK YOUR PROGRESS 1

a) To check comprehension, log in

https://wordwall.net/resource/34102058

b) Put the verbs in the Active or Passive Voice in the Present

Simple.

Augmented reality has quickly become one of the most popular trends
1
among software and hardware developers. Augmented reality …………….
(allow) people to interact with their real-world environment in an enhanced
2
way. Using different kinds of technology, the environment ………………….
3
(augment) by technology. This ……………. (can/occur) in many ways. On
4
the more complex end, users …………… (can/get) feedback through their

19 / 129
sense of touch, their sense of smell, and their sense of sight and sound. The
5
user’s perception of the real world …………… (change). This is not virtual
6
reality, because virtual reality …………… (attempt) to replace the real-world
environment with a digital one.

c) Label tense and voice in the following examples.

1. When we were at school, chalk boards were mainly used.
Tense: …………………………………….… Voice: …………………….…………………….
2. Technology is occupying a fast-growing place in the classroom.
Tense: …………………………………….… Voice: …………………….…………………….
3. Some form of touch-screen technology will probably be used instead
of traditional boards.
Tense: …………………………………….… Voice: …………………….…………………….
4. Virtual Reality is used effectively in areas different from education.
Tense: …………………………………….… Voice: …………………….…………………….
5. There will be changes in the classroom worldwide.
Tense: …………………………………….… Voice: …………………….…………………….
6. Some companies use Virtual Reality to train their employees.
Tense: …………………………………….… Voice: …………………….…………………….
7. The next step for holography in education will be holographic
telepresence.
Tense: …………………………………….… Voice: …………………….…………………….

d) Circle the correct option: Active or Passive Voice?

Interactive Walls
In the past, only chalkboards 1used/were used at school. They were
black, then they became green, then white, and at present in some
classrooms they are interactive. In fact, they 2call/are called interactive
3
walls. Researchers say that in the future they will replace/will be
replaced chalkboards in every classroom.
Interactive walls 4can use/can be used by teachers and learners
5
simultaneously. They can touch/can be touched the screen at once.
6
Interactive walls facilitate/are facilitated collaborative work so they
7
will encourage/will be encouraged a positive learning environment.

20 / 129
e) Put the verbs in the correct tense in the Passive Voice form.
Virtual Reality
Virtual reality is an artificial environment which
1
………………………(experience) through sensory stimuli (such as sights
2
and sounds) which ………………………(provide) by a computer. Virtual
3
reality ………………………(often/use) in flight simulators and war
simulators. In the classroom of the future, it 4………………………(use) to
deliver classes. In the twentieth century, videos were the latest technology;
5
by the mid-twenty-first century, they ………………………(replace) by
virtual reality headsets.

EXPRESSING YOURSELF
Make a chronological review of what education was, is and will be
with the use of technologies. Use both Active and Passive Voice.
Also, include suitable connectors. Be ready to share your
productions with the rest of the class!
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

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CHECK YOUR PROGRESS 2

a) The Definitions Quiz. Circle the correct word.

1. An increase in an amount, a number or a level.

a. delivery
b. rise
c. multinational
2. The physical conditions that somebody/something exists in.
a. environment
b. campus
c. university
3. The flat surface at the front of a television, computer, or other
electronic device, on which you see pictures or information.
a. printer
b. screen
c. virtual
4. Interesting or pleasant in a way that attracts your attention.
a. theoretical
b. single
c. engaging
5. The process of helping something to make progress or succeed.
a. idea
b. access
c. advancement
6. The true situation and the problems that actually exist in life.
a. desk
b. reality
c. reach
7. A room where a class of children or students is taught.
a. classroom
b. university
c. prototype

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 8. A special type of picture in which the objects seem to be three-
dimensional.
a. beam
b. hologram
c. interactive

Now, write the initial letter of each correct answer and you’ll find an
essential word for the future of higher education.

__ __ __ __ __ __ __ __

b) Cross the odd one out and explain why.

1. after – before – when – so
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
2. will be used – uses – was used – are used
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
3. because – as – due to – if
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
4. teach – taught – will teach – will be taught
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
5. besides – and – moreover – what’s more
………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

c) Choose the right option.

The Classroom of the Future:

Flexible assignments will accommodate multiple learning styles

1
Today, in the majority of classrooms, students complete/are
completed the same assignments. The only time when exceptions
2
make/are made is usually when the student has special needs and
accommodations 3require/are required. Unfortunately, these assignments
4
don’t take/aren’t taken into consideration learning styles. With flexible
assignments, the teacher will be more interested in proof of competency.
Therefore, instead of passing out an assignment to write a research
paper, the teacher will outline for students what skills or understanding they
must demonstrate to successfully complete the assignment. The student

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5
will give/will be given the autonomy to decide how they 6will do/will
7
be done that. This can include/can be included recording a video,
creating an elaborate timeline, giving a presentation, or putting together a
traditional research paper.

d) Put the verbs in the Active or Passive Voice in the proper tense:
Simple Present or Future Simple.

The Classroom of the Future:

MOOCs and other online learning options will impact secondary education.

1
You ……………………(have) to stay in school. You
2
…………………(have) to get good grades. You 3……………………(have) to
4
get your diploma. If you …………………(not do) these things, you
5 6
……………………(not get) into university. If you ……………………(not
get) into college, you 7……………………(not get) the degree that leads you
8
to the career that you love. Most people ……………………(tell) these
things by their parents and their teachers. There 9……………………(be) just
10
one problem. The diploma simply ……………………(not be) as necessary
or as valuable as it was, and neither is the college degree.
11
In the future, students ……………………(feel) less inclined to spend
four years in high school learning the basics, plus four years in college.
Today, a thirteen-year-old with an email address and access to the internet
can sign up at Khan Academy and complete courses of study in a variety of
academic disciplines, all for free. They can sign up for free classes which
12
……………………………………(design and teach) by professors at
prestigious universities and these free classes
13
…………………………………………(create and distribute) using MOOCs.
14
However, MOOCs ………………………(consider) useless by many and you
may also disagree with these innovations.

e) Read the introduction to an article about the downsides of 3D

printers. Put the verbs into the correct verb form (Simple
Present, Present Continuous, Simple Future or Modals) and voice
(active or passive).

24 / 129
 3D Printing Health Hazards
Introduction
Printable foods, printable artificial limbs, printable stem cells,
printable bikinis, printable shoes 1……………………(can+obtain) with this
2
technology. It ……………………(seem) everything
3 4
……………………(can+print) if you ……………………(have) the material,
the software, and the 3D printer.
Honestly, the applications of this technology 5……………………(be)
6
endless. 3D printing ……………………(also/call) additive manufacturing
and it seems to be the future of “creation”. Also, there
7
……………………(be) an increasing focus on making 3D printers cheaper.
However, the trouble is that almost nobody ever 8……………………(talk)
about the potential downsides, particularly in the context of the potential 3D
printing health hazards that come along with the technology.
9
In the following sections of this guide, we ……………………(talk)
about ultrafine particles and highly volatile matter here. This guide
10
……………………(not be) about the upsides of 3D printing. On the
11
contrary, we …………………(explore) 3D printing health hazards and
risks.

f) Complete this dialogue between a fresher and a university tutor.

1
Tutor: …………………………………………………………….……………………………………………..…?

Student: In fact, I hardly ever use digital tools to study.

Tutor: Really, why not?

2
Student: …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

Tutor: Well, but I know many colleagues encourage the use of technology!
They’ll surely help you to become more digitally literate.
3
……………………………………………………….…………………………………..…………………?

Student: No, I didn’t use digital material before entering college, either.

Tutor: Well… that’s a pity. Anyway, you’ll have the chance to do so now!
What is your opinion about online courses?

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 4
Student: …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

Tutor: That’s an interesting viewpoint...

5
Student: …………………………………………………………………………………………….…………………?

Tutor: Professors? Well… some are afraid of online courses. They prefer
traditional education but the majority is very enthusiastic about them!

6
Student: ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….?

Tutor: Yes, distance learning will change education. The possibilities are
endless.

g) The Memory Game. In groups of four, frame 5 questions based on

the text The Classroom of the Future. Ask the other groups those
questions. The group that answers first scores a point if the
answer is correct. Nobody should read the article while playing.

1. …………………….………………………………………………………………………….………..?
2. …………………….…………………………………………………………………………………...?
3. …………………….…………………………………………………………………………………...?
4. …………………….…………………………………………………………………………………...?
5. ………………………………………………………………………………………….……………...?

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VIDEO TIME

Watch the video Five technologies that will change classroom

education and compare it to the article The classroom of the future.
You will get more ideas for your written and oral productions.

Examples of new technology applied to education mentioned in the…

Video Article

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 TIME FOR FICTION I

BEFORE READING

The Future of Humanity: Science or Fiction?

Cloning will make humankind reach eternal life.

What is cloning?
Can you think of an example?
Is it possible to clone a person?
What do you think about the quotation?

Dr. Son Tech

by M.M. Rold
Have you ever thought why you are the way you are? I, Dr. James Son
Tech Jr, have. All my life has been marked by this internal uneasiness of
not knowing why I could not control all my acts. As time went by, I reached
some definite conclusions: We, humans, are a mix of genetic inheritance
and social environment.

When I was a child, I discovered that I shared my father’s interest in

science –he was awarded a Nobel Prize for inventing a cloned embryos
incubator– and my mother’s religious beliefs –she took me to church every
Sunday. However, I never found out why evil forces compelled me to do
atrocious things such as kicking a little kitten hard into the air right after
helping it come down from the top of a tree just to see the effect of gravity.

As a teenager, things got worse and the forces grew stronger. I was the
best in my class but I was not popular. Therefore, I spent most of my time
working with my father or praying with my mother, asking God for

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forgiveness for my bad deeds; some of them are too embarrassing to be
told here.

After graduating from university, I was determined to find the answer to my

long-lasting question in the root of life: human cells, so I specialized in
biogenetics. In one of my projects, I worked on my own cells. First, I
isolated the genes of good and evil and then I divided one of my own cells
into two and placed both parts next to the genes fusing them with a jolt of
electricity. As a result, I got two embryos containing a group of DNA
molecules genetically manipulated. Finally, thanks to my father’s incubator,
I gave birth to my twin clones: Billy Earl and Willy Oswald Ray Son Tech –I
named them like that just to play with the initials, if you know what I mean.

Through my studies, I realized that Billy and Willy grew up ten times faster
than humans so two years after they were born they were already adults. I
discovered, too, a surprising ability to improve themselves day by day.
Besides, Billy amazed me with his never-ending good actions and Willy with
his incredibly perverse doings.

One day, when they were three or should I say thirty better? Willy did
something terrible to his brother. However, Billy forgave him and filled him
with brotherly love. Surprisingly, from that day on Willy changed and
became tenderer, more compassionate. What’s more, the good in him came
to the surface. My experiment had failed but…

AFTER READING

a) Tick () the sentences that best describe the topic of this story.

1. __ The nature of human beings never changes.

2. __ Good and evil are part of human nature.
3. __ Love can turn evil into good.
4. __ Human beings can change their destiny through love and respect.
5. __ Science and religion are opposites.
6. __ Social environment is more powerful than genetic inheritance.

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b) Let’s reflect upon the story: complete the following sentence.

If a person ………………………………...… , he or she ………………………………………………

BEYOND WORDS
Can you read between the lines? Answer the questions.

1. What does the name of the narrator (Dr. James Son Tech Jr.)
suggest?
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
2. What was Dr. Son Tech like?
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
3. Why did he name the clones Billy Earl and Willy Oswald Ray Son
Tech?
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
4. Was he satisfied with the results of his experiment? Why (not)?
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

GRAMMAR STOP

Connectors (Part II)

What is the difference between sentences a and b? Is there a difference

in meaning?
a) As a teenager, things got worse.
b) When I was a teenager, things got worse.

What is the difference between sentences a and b? Is there a difference

in meaning?
a) I wasn’t popular so I spent most of my time working with my father.
b) I wasn’t popular. Therefore, I spent most of my time working with my
father.

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 What is the difference between sentences a, b, c, and d? Is there a
difference in meaning?
a) Willy did something terrible to his brother, but Billy forgave him and
filled him with brotherly love.
b) Willy did something terrible to his brother. However, Billy forgave him
and filled him with brotherly love.
c) Although Willy did something terrible to his brother, Billy forgave him
and filled him with brotherly love.
d) Despite/In spite of Willy’s terrible action against his brother, Billy
forgave him and filled him with brotherly love.

What about these examples?

a) After (Before) graduating from university, I was determined to find the
answer to my long-lasting question in the root of life: human cells.
b) After (Before) graduation, I was determined to find the answer to my
long-lasting question in the root of life: human cells.
c) After (Before) I graduated from university, I was determined to find the
answer to my long-lasting question in the root of life: human cells.

Can you complete the table of connectors?

CHECK YOUR PROGRESS 3

a) Choose the right option. You will integrate tenses, voice and
connectors.

Part 1
Dr James Son Tech, who is the narrator of his autobiography,
1
starts/started by explaining that, 2after/before years of discomfort, he
3
concludes/concluded that human beings are the product of nature and
nurture.
As a child, he 4notices/noticed that he loved science as much as his
father, winner of a Nobel Prize for cloning. 5Therefore/Also, he 6was/had
the same religious beliefs as his mother, with whom he went to mass every
Sunday. 7Although/However, he 8realized/did not realize what made
him do horrible things to innocent beings to see how physics principles

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9 10
worked/did not work. He shared/did not share some of the evil
11 12
things that he does/did because they was/were too embarrassing.
b) Fill in the blanks. Pay attention to the hints between brackets.

Part 2
1
When he ………………………(be) an adolescent, things got worse.
2
………………………(connector) he was the best student, he
3 4
………………………(not have) friends. ………………………(connector),
in his free time, he worked with his father or 5………………………(pray)
with his mother.
6
………………………(connector) getting his college degree, he
decided to focus on human cells. “7………………………(connector) I study
human cells, the nature versus nurture debate
8 9
………………………(probably/close). ………………………(connector), I
10
………………………(modal verb) solve many social problems,” Dr. Son
Tech said to himself. Therefore, he specialized in biogenetics. When he
11
graduated, he ………………………(conduct) research on his own cells.
12
This is the experiment that he ………………………(do).

c) Ask the questions for the given answers.

Part 3
1. ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………?
Yes, he did. The genes of good and evil were isolated.
2. …………………………………………………………………………….…………………………...?
Then, he divided his cells into two.
3. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………..?
He fused the cell to the genes and two embryos were developed.
4. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………..?
Yes, of course they were genetically manipulated embryos.
5. ……………………………………………………………………………………….………………….?
They were kept in his father’s incubator for nine months.
6. …………………………………………………………………………………………………………..?
Billy Earl and Willy Oswald Ray Son Tech.

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7. …………………………………………………………………………………………….…………….?
They represented their personalities.
8. ……………………………………………………………………………………….………………….?
Yes, there was a problem.
9. ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..?
He realized that they grew up ten times faster than humans.
10. ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………...?
After two years they were twenty.
11. ………………………………………………………………………………………………….………..?
Willy did something horribly evil to Billy but Billy forgave him and Dr
Son Tech could close the debate.
12. ………………….………………………………………………………………………………………..?
Because Willy was transformed by Billy’s brotherly love.

EXPRESSING YOURSELF
Expressing your reservations and counterarguments.

Useful expressions:

We do not generally have the same opinions about certain topics and people
have their objections or reservations. We then have to think of a
counterargument to defend our position.

Reservations Counter arguments

Yes, but … Even so, …

Yes, but don’t forget that … Even if that is so, …
That’s a good point but … That may be so, but …
Possibly, but the problem is … That’s probably true, but …

In pairs, choose a topic you disagree with. Write down a dialogue

trying to persuade your fellow students of your arguments. There
should be four exchanges.

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 1. Cloning will be used to replace dead pets.
2. 3D printers have more disadvantages than advantages.
3. Learners will be more motivated if virtual reality is used in the
classroom.
4. Distance learning is the future of higher education.
5. The cloud is the best resource to save your material.
6. Fingerprint or iris scanning can become dangerous.
7. In general, people think that change is good.

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

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