PARASITIC INFECTIONS

First Degree Burn

Tinea
- causes several types of superficial fungal
infections that are described based on the area of
body affected
- typically manifests as a circular, erythematous,
which is usually associated with pruritus and burning
- affect only the epidermis
- cause pain, erythema, and edema
Second Degree Burn
- burns affect the epidermis and dermis
- cause pain, erythema, edema, and blistering

• Tinea capitis Third Degree Burn

- is an infection of the scalp commonly - burns extend into deeper tissues
encountered in school aged children - cause white or blackened, charred skin that may
• Tinea corporis be numb
- ringworm
• Tinea pedis
- athlete’s foot
• Tinea unguium
- infection of the nails

Complications of Burns:
Scabies • Local infection
- a results of a mite infestation • Sepsis
- burrowing and fecal matter left behind by the • Hypovolemia
mites triggers the inflammatory process, leading • Shock
to erythema and pruritus • Hypothermia
• Respiratory problems
Pediculosis • Scarring
- refers to lice infestation • Contractures

3 Forms Strategies for Minor Burns

• Pediculus humanus corpus • Remove the source of the burn
• Pediculus pubic • If the skin is unbroken, run cool water over the
• Pediculus humanus capitis area or soak it in a cool water bath (not ice water).
Keep the damaged area submerged for at least 5
minutes. Applying a clean, cold, wet bandage or
towel will also help reduce pain.
• After flushing or soaking the burn, cover it with a
dry, sterile bandage or clean dressing.
• Protect the burn from pressure and friction.
• Administer analgesics and nonsteroidal anti-
inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) to relieve pain and
swelling.
• Apply moisturizing lotion once the skin has cooled.
TRAUMATIC INTEGUMENTARY • If a second-degree burn covers an area more than
DISORDERS 2-3 inches in diameter or if it’s located on the
hands, feet, face, groin, buttocks, or a major joint,
Burns treat the burn as a major burn.
- a skin injury that results from exposure to either a
thermal(heat) or a nonthermal source Strategies for Major Burns
- severity of the condition varies depending on the • Remove the source of the burn.
location, extent, and nature of injury
• If someone is on fire, have the person stop, drop, - present as erythema, prominent spiderlike blood
and roll. Wrap the person in thick material to vessels (telangiestasia), swelling, or acne like
smother flames (e.g., wool or cotton coat, rug, or eruptions
blanket). Douse the person with water.
• Do not remove burned clothing that is stuck to the 4 Subtypes
skin. The clothing may be soaked with sterile • Erythematotelangiectatic type
water or saline and then removed, and surgical • Papulopustular
removal may be necessary in severe cases. • Phymatous
• Ensure the person is breathing, initiate rescue • Ocular
breathing and cardiopulmonary resuscitation if
necessary. Continue to monitor the patient’s
respiratory status -- it can become impaired as
edema worsens.
• Maintain respiratory status (e.g., endotracheal
intubation with mechanical ventilation and oxygen
therapy)
• Cover the burn area with a dry sterile bandage or
clean cloth. Do not apply any ointments. Avoid
rupturing blisters.
INTEGUMENTARY CANCERS

CHRONIC INTEGUMENTARY Skin Cancers

DISORDERS - abnormal growth of skin cells
- is the most frequently occurring cancer in the
Acne Vulgaris United States, and the number of cases continues
- skin condition commonly affecting adolescents, but to rise
it can occur at any age
- skin’s pores become clogged with oil, debris, or 3 Major Types:
bacteria • Basal cell carcinoma
- clogged pores may become either raised w/ a • Squamous cell carcinoma
white top and dark • Melanoma

Risk Factors of Acne Vulgaris Basal Cell Carcinoma

• family history
• hormonal changes (e.g., changes that occur w/
menstrual periods, pregnancy, birth control use,
stress)
• use of oily cosmetics and hair products
• use of certain medications (corticosteroids,
testosterone, estrogen, phenytoin)
• high levels of humidity and sweating
- the most common type, develops from abnormal
growth of the cells in the lowest layer of the
epidermis
Squamous Cell Carcinoma
- involves changes in the squamous cells, which are
found in the middle layer of the epidermis
Melanoma
- develops in the melanocytes; it’s the least common
but the most serious

Rosacea
- chronic inflammatory skin condition that typically
affects the face
To know if cancerous or not:
• Asymmetry - part of the lesion is different from
other parts
• Borders that are irregular
• Color that varies from one area to another w/
shades of than, brown, or black (sometimes white,
red, or blue)
• Diameter that is usually (but not always) larger
than 6mm in size