21/06/21

HAND ARM VIBRATION

Vibration Basics

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Vibration Types

Hand-arm vibration (HAV) Whole-Body vibration (WBV)

VIBRATION MAGNITUDE
OF COMMON TOOLS
75th percentile

Maximum
25th percentile
Minimum

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Vibration Types

Whole-body Hand-arm Foot-transmitted

vibration (WBV) vibration (HAV) vibration (FTV)

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Vibration Health Risks

• lower-back pain, spinal degeneration, neck problems
Whole Body • muscle fatigue
• sleep problems, headaches, & nausea
Vibration • hearing loss
• gastro-intestinal tract problems

Vibration- • Pain and numbness in the toes and feet

Induced White- • Increased sensitivity to cold

• Blanching of toes

Foot • Joint pain

Hand-Arm •  Vascular disturbances à Vibration White Fingers (VWF)

•  Neurological disturbances

Vibration •  Effect on the locomotor system

•  Comfort and performance

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4 factors are required to describe

human response to vibration

Magnitude Frequency Direction Duration

‘bounce height’ (m/s2) # of ‘bounces’ per x, y, z axes Length of
sec (Hz) Exposure Time

Exposure at resonance is linked with

increase injury risk

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NILAI AMBANG BATAS

HAND ARM VIBRATION

NILAI AMBANG BATAS

HAND ARM VIBRATION

Kemenaker. (2018). Permenaker No. 5 Tahun 2018 tentang Keselamatan dan

Kesehatan Kerja Lingkungan Kerja.

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NILAI AMBANG BATAS

HAND ARM VIBRATION

Permenkes No 70 Tahun 2016 tentang Standar dan Persyaratan Kesehatan

Lingkungan Kerja Industri

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THE BASICS OF
RISK ASSESSMENT

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THE BASICS OF RISK

ASSESSMENT

Estimate Worker
identify the record the
Exposure and
identify where steps you plan to assessment, the
Compare them identify the
there may be a take to control steps that have
with exposure available risk
risk from hand- and monitor been taken and
action value and controls
arm vibration hand-arm their
exposure limit
vibration risks effectiveness.
value

Do you use rotary action Do you use impact or

t o o l s ( e . g . g r i n d e r s , p e r c u s s i v e t o o l s ( i . e .
polishers)? hammer-action tools)?

Do the manufacturers or Do any vibrating tools cause

suppliers of your tools warn tingling or numbness in the
of a risk from vibration? hands during or after use?

Have any vibration-exposed

workers already reported
symptoms of hand-arm
vibration syndrome?

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Type of Exposure Vibration Magnitude

Use of manufacturer’s
Continuous tool emission data
operation
Use of other data
sources
Intermittent tool
operation Measurement of
vibration magnitude

To assess the daily vibration exposure an estimate is required of the time that the tool
operators are exposed to the vibration.

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Measurement of vibration magnitude

Use of manufacturer’s emission data

CEN/TR 15350 advises that for estimating risk, the manufacturer’s

declared emission value should in most cases be multiplied by a
factor depending on the type of tool:
• Combustion Engine Tools : x 1
• Pneumatic Tools : x 1.5-2
• Electric Tools : x 1.5-2

Where manufacturers declare emission values less than 2.5m/s²,

then a value of 2.5m/s² should be used and multiplied by the
appropriate factor.

Where there is no better information and a range of multiplying

factors is given, the higher value should be used.

Measurement of vibration magnitude

Use of other data sources
When choosing published vibration information the factors
you need to take account of in making your choice include:
•  the type of equipment (e.g. road breaker),
•  the class of equipment (e.g. power or size),
•  the power source (e.g. pneumatic, hydraulic, electric or combustion engine)
•  any anti-vibration features (e.g. suspended handles),
•  the task the equipment was used for when producing the vibration
information,
•  the speed at which it was operated,
•  the type of material on which it was used

When using published vibration data it is good practice to try

to compare data from two or more sources
v http://vibration.arbetslivsinstitutet.se/eng/havhome.lasso
v http://www.las-bb.de/karla/index_.htm

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Measurement of vibration
magnitude

EN ISO 5349-1:2001 Mechanical vibration

— Measurement and evaluation of
human exposure to hand transmitted
vibration — Part 1: General requirements

EN ISO 5349-2:2001 Mechanical vibration

— Measurement and evaluation of
human exposure to hand transmitted
vibration — Part2: Practical guidance for
measurement at the workplace

Transducer for WBV & HAV

Accelerometer Tri-axial
Rubber disc
Accelerometer

WBV HAV

Tri-axial Mounting adapter

Accelerometer

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METODE PENGUKURAN
PEMAPARAN GETARAN PADA
LENGAN DAN TANGAN PEKERJA

Persyaratan Pengukuran
Alat vibrasi meter harus
terkalibrasi.

Pengukuran dilakukan
pada
•  P e g a n g a n a l a t à a r a h
percepatan diukur dengan
Sistem koordinat basicentric
• Telapak tangan à arah
percepatan diukur dengan
sistem koordinat biodynamic

SNI 7054 : 2019 tentang Metode Pengukuran Pemaparan Getaran pada Lengan & Tangan Pekerja

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PERSIAPAN PENGUKURAN

Pilih adaptor sesuai dengan jenis pekerjaan yang dapat mewakili

besar paparan getaran pada lengan dan tangan pekerja, :
• untuk pekerjaan dengan mayoritas perambatan getaran dari alat menuju telapak
tangan, maka digunakan adaptor telapak tangan
• bila perambatan getaran mayoritas tidak menuju telapak tangan, maka
pemasangan adaptor pegangan alat pada alat kerja disesuaikan dengan contoh
titik pemasangan adaptor pegangan alat pada alat kerja (terlampir)
• Akselerometer dipasang pada dudukan adaptor sesuai sumbu koordinatnya

Lakukan pengaturan alat (tanggal, waktu, mode pengukuran (hand

arm) atau pengaturan lainnya sesuai jenis alat yang digunakan.

Siapkan formulir pengukuran

SNI 7054 : 2019 tentang Metode Pengukuran Pemaparan Getaran pada Lengan & Tangan Pekerja

PERBANDINGAN ADAPTOR
TELAPAK TANGAN & PEGANGAN ALAT

SNI 7054 : 2019 tentang Metode Pengukuran Pemaparan Getaran pada Lengan & Tangan Pekerja

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Posisi Adaptor
Telapak Tangan & Pegangan Alat

SNI 7054 : 2019 tentang Metode Pengukuran Pemaparan Getaran pada Lengan & Tangan Pekerja

Penempatan Akselerometer
pada Adaptor Telapak Tangan

SNI 7054 : 2019 tentang Metode Pengukuran Pemaparan Getaran pada Lengan & Tangan Pekerja

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TITIK
PEMASANGAN
ADAPTOR
PEGANGAN
ALAT

SNI 7054 : 2019 tentang Metode

Pengukuran Pemaparan Getaran
pada Lengan & Tangan Pekerja

TITIK
PEMASANGAN
ADAPTOR
PEGANGAN
ALAT

SNI 7054 : 2019 tentang Metode

Pengukuran Pemaparan Getaran
pada Lengan & Tangan Pekerja

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TITIK
PEMASANGAN
ADAPTOR
PEGANGAN
ALAT

SNI 7054 : 2019 tentang Metode

Pengukuran Pemaparan Getaran
pada Lengan & Tangan Pekerja

TITIK
PEMASANGAN
ADAPTOR
PEGANGAN
ALAT

SNI 7054 : 2019 tentang Metode

Pengukuran Pemaparan Getaran
pada Lengan & Tangan Pekerja

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PELAKSANAAN
PENGUKURAN

SNI 7054 : 2019 tentang Metode Pengukuran Pemaparan Getaran pada Lengan & Tangan Pekerja

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PEMBACAAN DAN
PERHITUNGAN HASIL

SNI 7054 : 2019 tentang Metode Pengukuran Pemaparan Getaran pada Lengan & Tangan Pekerja

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INTERPRETASI HASIL
PENGUKURAN
Interpretasi hasil pengukuran
dimaksudkan untuk membandingkan
paparan getaran pada lengan dan
tangan dengan nilai ambang batas
sesuai dengan peraturan.

Interpretasi hasil pengukuran

dilakukan dengan memperhatikan
hasil pengukuran paparan getaran
pada lengan dan tangan serta waktu
paparan dalam 8 jam kerja.

Lama waktu pekerja terpapar dapat

diperoleh berdasarkan informasi dari
pekerja, pengawas atau manajemen
yang terkait.

Tools for calculating daily

exposures

WEB-BASED TOOLS

DAILY EXPOSURE
GRAPH

DAILY EXPOSURE
NOMOGRAM

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Tools for calculating daily exposures

WEB-BASED TOOLS

www.hse.gov.uk/vibration/calculator.htm

http://vibration.arbetslivsinstitutet.se/eng/
havcalculator.lasso.

http://www.hvbg.de/d/bia/pra/softwa/
kennwertrechner/index.html

Tools for calculating

daily exposures
DAILY EXPOSURE GRAPH

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Tools for calculating

daily exposures
DAILY EXPOSURE NOMOGRAM

DAILY VIBRATION EXPOSURES

WHERE JUST ONE MACHINE IS USED

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DAILY VIBRATION
EXPOSURES
WHERE MORE THAN ONE MACHINE IS USED

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ANDROID APPLICATION

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Hierarchy OF CONTROLS
HAND-ARM VIBRATION

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Procedures to Reduce
Vibration Exposure of Tools

Purchase
Tool
lower
maintenance
vibration tools

Administrative Controls

Minimizing If working in cold ambient

exposure conditions, provide
time opportunity for re-warming

Warm
Job Portable
building/
rotation/ hand
shelter for
Scheduling warmers
breaks

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Personal Protective Equipment

Anti-vibration gloves

Meet the vibration

Full fingered dampening requirements
(ISO)

31.5-200 Hz:
Transmission < 1.0

>200 -1000Hz:
Transmission < 0.6

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PENGENDALIAN GETARAN
LINGKUNGAN KERJA

Mengganti alat, bahan dan proses

Menghilangkan sumber getaran
kerja yang menimbulkan sumber
dari tempat kerja
getaran

Mengurangi pajanan getaran

dengan menambah/menyisipkan
Membatasi pajanan getaran melalui
damping/bantalan/peredam
pengaturan waktu kerja
diantara alat dan bagian tubuh
yang kontak dengan alat kerja

Melakukan pengendalian lainnya

Pengggunaan APD yang sesuai sesuai dengan perkembangan
IPTEK

Kemenaker. (2018). Permenaker No. 5 Tahun 2018 tentang Keselamatan dan Kesehatan Kerja
Lingkungan Kerja.

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 Annual screening questionnaire for
health surveillance Initial screening questionnaire
21/06/21

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 Clinical questionnaire Clinical questionnaire
21/06/21

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 Clinical questionnaire Clinical questionnaire
21/06/21

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TERIMA KASIH

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