CALORIMETRY PHYSICS

CALORIMETRY
 Heat is a form of energy in transit, that flows from
a body at high temperature to a body at low
temperature.
 The S.I. Unit of heat is Joule (J)
 The C.G..S. Unit of heat is calorie (cal)
1 Cal = 4.186 J  4.2J
 The quantity of heat required to warm a given
substance depends on its mass ( m), the change
in temperature    and nature of the substance.
i.e.,  Q  mS  
(i) Specific heat at constant volume (Cv)
(ii) Specific heat at constant pressure (Cp).
 Specific heat depends only on the nature of material
and unit of temperature. Usually temperature
dependence of specific heat is neglected.
 If specific heat varies with temperature then heat
energy given to a substance is
2
Q  m  Sd
1
 Water has largest specific heat among solids and
liquids. So it is used as coolant in automobile
radiators.

Where Q  quantity of heat gained. m = mass  Among solids, liquids, and gases specific heat is
maximum for Hydrogen. (3.5 Cal/g- ºC ) and
of substance
minimum for radon and actinium. (  0.022 Cal/
 = rise in temperatureS= specific heat g- ºC )
(depends on nature of the material)
 Specific heat slightly increases with increase of
Specific Heat temperature.
 The amount of heat required to rise the  Among liquids specific heat is minimum for
temperature of unit mass of a substance through mercury.
10C is called specific heat of the material of the
 The value of specific heat may lie between 0 and
body.
.
1 Q  In isothermal process, the value of specific heat
S
m  is infinity but in adiabatic process its value is
 The S.I unit of S is J/kg- K Ø zero.
The C.G.S unit of S is Cal./g- 0C  Specific heat of all substances is zero at 0K.
 Dimensional formula of S is L2T 2 1  Substances with highest specific heat are bad
conductors of heat and with low specific heat are
1 Q good thermal and electrical conductors.
 Molar specific heat capacity C
n   The substance with large specific heat warms up
(n = number of moles) slowly and cools down slowly.
 The SI unit of C is J/mole - K Ø S.No. Substance Specific heat
The C.G.S. unit of C is Cal / mole - ºC CGS Value S.I Value
-1 0 -1
 Dimensional formula of C is ML2T 2 1mole 1 a) Water 1cal g C 4186 JKg-1 K-1
 Gases will have two specific heats b) Ice 0.5 cal g-1 0C-1 2100 Jkg-1 K-1
c) Steam 0.47 cal g-1 0C-1 1970 Jkg-1 K-1

8 NARAYANA CO SCHOOLS
 PHYSICS CALORIMETRY

Thermal capacity or Heat capacity
 It is the amount of heat required to rise the
temperature of the body by 10C
Q
H

 The S.I.unit of H is JK-1
 The C.G.S unit of H is Cal oC-1
 Dimensional formula of H is ML2T 2 1
W.E-2 : The specific heat of a substance varies
as  3 2     103 cal g 1 0C 1. What
is the amount of heat required to rise the
temperature of 1kg of substance from 10ºC
to 20ºC?
Sol.: For small change in temperature d , heat
required, dQ  mSd .
2

 Thermal capacity depends on mass and nature of  Q   mSd

1
the substance.
20 20
Water equivalent 2
 Q   1000  3    10 d   
2 3 3
 Mass of water which has same thermal capacity 10
2 10
as that of the substance is called water equivalent
 It is numerically equal to heat capacity (ms) in
 3 202   3 102 
CGS units   20    10    8200 1050  7150cal
 2   2 
 The S.I unit of water equivalent is kg
 The C.G.S unit of water equivalent is g. W.E-3: Find the water equivalent of copper block
 Dimensional formula of water equivalent is of mass 200g. The specific heat of copper is
ML0T 0 0.09 cal / g 0 C .
 If mW , ms are masses of water and substance and
Sol: Water equivalent w= mS  200  0.09  18g
SW , S S are their specific heats respectively then,
W.E. 4: Two spheres of radii in the ratio 1:2, have
mW  SW    mS  S S   specific heats in the ratio 2:3. The densities
 mW  1  mS S S ,  mW  mS S S are in the ratio 3:4. Find the ratio of their
thermal capacities.
W.E-1:A lead piece of mass 25g gives out 1200 calo-
ries of heat when it is cooled from 900 C to Sol: Thermal capacity of a body = mS. The ratio
of thermal capacities
100 C . What is its (i) specific heat (ii) ther-
mal capacity (iii) water equivalent. 4 3
 r1 1 S1   3    
Sol: Mass of lead piece (m) = 25 g = 0.025 kg m1S1 V1 1 S1 r  S
  3   1   1  1 
m 2 S 2 V2  2 S 2 4  r 3  S  r2    2   S 2  .
Heat energy given out  dQ   1200  4.2 J 3 2 2 2

1 dQ r1 1 S1 2 1 3
(i) specific heat S Here, r  2 ; S  3 ;   4
m d 2 2 2

1 1200  4.2 The ratio of thermal capacities

   2520JKg 1 K 1
0.025 80 3
 1   3  2  1
(ii) Thermal capacity = mS = 0.025  2520 = 63 =     
 2   4   3  16
J/K
63
(iii) Water equivalent Kg  0.015 Kg
4200

NARAYANA CO SCHOOLS 9
 CALORIMETRY PHYSICS

CALORIMETRY W.E 6. A sphere of aluminium of 0.047 kg is placed

 Calorimetry means measurement of heat.
 A device in which heat measurement can be made
is called ‘calorimeter’.
Law of method of mixtures (or) Principle
of calorimetry
 If two liquids at different temperatures are mixed
together, the heat lost by hot body is equal to the
heat gained by the cold body. This is called law
of method of mixtures.
 When three substances of different masses m1,
m2 and m3 ,specific heats S1,S2,S3 and at different
temperatures 1 , 2 , and 3 respectively are
mixed, then the resultant temperature is
m1S11  m2 S22  m3 S33
 (when state of
m1S1  m2 S2  m3S3
contents does not change)
 Two liquids of masses m 1 and m 2 and specific
heats S1 and S 2 respectively are mixed. Then
the specific heat of the mixture is
m S  m2 S 2
 S mix  1 1
 m1  m2 
W.E 5: 10 litres of hot water at 70ºC is mixed with
an equal volume of cold water at 20º C . Find
the resultant temperature of the water.
(Specific heat of water = 4200 J/kg -K)
m1S11  m2S22
Sol. Resultant temperature,   m S  m S
1 1 2 2
Here, m1  m2  10kg , (since mass of 1 litre of
water is 1 kg).
for sufficient time in a vessel containing
boiling water, so that the sphere is at 1000C.
It is then immediately transferred to 0.14 kg
copper calorimeter containing 0.25 kg of
water at 200C. The temperature of water rises
and attains a steady state at 230C Calculate
the specific heat capacity of aluminium.
( Scu  386 J / Kg  K ; S w  4180 J / Kg  K )
Sol: Heat lost by aluminium sphere = (heat gained by
water) + (heat gained by calorimeter)
0.047  SAl  1000  230   0.25 4180 230  200 
0.14  386  230  20 0 
 S Al  911J / Kg  K
W.E 7: The temperature of equal masses of three
different liquids A, B and C are 12ºC, 19ºC
and 28ºC respectively. The comm on
temperature when A and B are mixed is 16ºC
and when B and C are mixed is 23ºC. What
should be the common temperature when A
and C are mixed?
Sol. Given  A  12º C , B  19º C and C  28º C .
Let S A , S B and S C are the specific heats of re-
spective liquids.
When liquid A and B are mixed, Heat gain
= Heat lost
mS A 16  12   mS B 19  16  or
4
SB  S A ........(i )
3
When liquid B and C are mixed, Heat gain
= Heat lost
mS B  23  19   mSC  28  23 or

1  70º C;2  20º C and 5

SB  S C .....(ii )
S1  S 2  4200 J / kg  K 4
15
10  4200  70  10  4200  20 From (i) and (ii), we get S A  SC
  45º C 16
10  4200  10  4200
When A and C are mixed, let equilibrium tem-
perature of mixture is  , then

10 NARAYANA CO SCHOOLS
 PHYSICS
Heat gain = Heat lost , 
mSA  12  mSC  28     20.26º C
CHANGE OF STATE
 Matter exists in three states or phases such as
solid, liquid and gas.
 A transition from one of these states to
another is called change of state.
Melting of ice or vaporisation of water is an
example for change of state. During change of
state, temperature remains constant.
Melting:
 The change of state from solid to liquid is called
melting (and the reverse process is called fusion).
 Every solid melts at a definite temperature called
melting point.
 The melting point remains constant until the entire
amount of solid substance melts.
 During melting, solid and liquid states are in
equilibrium.
 Melting point of a solid depends on its nature,
pressure and presence of impurities.
Vaporisation (Boiling) :
 The change of state from liquid to vapour at a
particular temperature is called vaporisation.(and
the reverse process is called condensation)
 Every liquid vaporises at a definite temperature
called boiling point.
 The boiling point remains constant until the entire
amount of liquid vaporises.
 During vaporisation liquid and gaseous states are
in equilibrium.
 Boiling point of a liquid depends on nature of the
liquid, applied pressure and presence of
impurities.
Evaporation:
 The escape of molecules from the free surface of
a liquid is called evaporation
 Refrigerators, air coolers etc., work on the
principle of cooling produced by evaporation.
 Body temperature is also controlled by
evaporation of sweat.
NARAYANA CO SCHOOLS
CALORIMETRY
Evaporation is a slow process where as boiling
is a quick process.
 Evaporation takes place at all temperatures
whereas boiling takes place at a particular
temperature.
 Evaporation takes place only at the surface of a
liquid where as boiling occurs through out the
liquid.
 The rate of evaporation depends on the nature of
the liquid.
 The rate of evaporation is more when the
difference in temperatures of the liquid and the
surrounding air is high.
Effect of pressure on melting point and boiling
point
Boiling point of every liquid rises with increase in
pressure
 melting point rises with increase in pressure.
 melting point of rubber is lowered with increase
in pressure.
 On mountains, it is difficult to cook food because
with increase in height, pressure decreases and
hence the boiling point of water decreases.
Regelation of ice:
 The melting of ice when pressure is applied and
resolidification on removal of pressure is called
regelation. Snow-ball preparation is due to
regelation.
 Skating is possible on snow due to the formation
of water below the skates.
Triple point :
 The temperature and pressure at which solid,
liquid and vapour states co-exist is called triple
point.
 The triple point of water is 273.16K (0.010C)
and pressure 0.006 atm. (0.459 cm of Hg)
 Negative slope of ice line showing that the melting
point decreases with increasing of the pressure
 Sublimation is the change from a solid to the
vapour state without the intermediate liquid state
and the reverse process of direct condensation
of vapour to solid is called hoar frost.
11
 CALORIMETRY PHYSICS

Phase diagram of
Y
P
(atm)

Boiling
Point

218
Melting
iceline Liquid Point
w
reat
solid steamline

0.006
C X
Vapour
0
–220 0.01 374 T in C
 Under normal conditions of pressure, solids like
camphor, iodine, arsenic, etc., do not melt when Total heat required Q  Q1  Q2  Q3  Q4
heated, but they under go “sublimation”. Ø During melting or boiling the heat absorbed by
Latent Heat : the substance is used in increasing the molecular
 It is the amount of heat required to change unit distances
mass of a substance from one state to another
state without any change of temperature. Temperature
F
Q
L   J / Kg or Cal / g 
m 100 C
0

 Q  mL ; L  Latent Heat D
0CB
0
 Latent heat of fusion of ice is 80Cal/g or C
0.335  106 J/kg. ice
 Latent heat of vapoursiation of water is 540 Cal/ A Heat
g or 2.26  106 J/kg
 The amount of heat required to convert m gram Length of BC  Latent Heat of fusion of ice
of ice at –100C to m gram of steam at 1000C is Length of DE  Latent Heat of Vapourisation
0
-10 C m gm Length of DE > Length of BC ( i.e. always Lv  L f )

Q1  msice q 1
0
Slope of AB  mS slope of CD
0C m gm solid

Q2  mLice 1

mSLiquid
0
0C m gm
Note:
Q3  msw q
(i) Latent heat of a substance becomes zero at
0 m gm critical temperature.
100 C
Q4  mLsteam (ii) Latent heat depends on the nature of a substance
and pressure.
100 C
0 m gm

12 NARAYANA CO SCHOOLS
 PHYSICS CALORIMETRY

W.E-9 : A piece of ice of mass 100 g and at
temperature 00 C is put in 200 g of water at
250 C . How much ice will melt as the
temperature of the water reaches 00 C ?
(specific heat capacity of water
 4200J kg 1 K 1 and latent heat of fusion
of ice  3.4  105 J Kg 1 )
Sol: The heat released as the water cools down from
250 C to 00 C is
Q  mS    0.2  4200  25   21000 J
The amount of ice melted by this heat is
Q 21000
m   62 g
L 3.4  10 5
W.E-10 : The following graph represents change
of state of 1 gram of ice at 200 C . Find the
net heat required to convert ice into steam
at 1000 C
0
Sice  0.53cal / g  C
0 
T( C)
c to d : Temperature of water again rises until it
reaches its boiling point 1000 C
Q3  mS water 100  0  11.0 100   100cal
d to e : Temperature is again constant until all the
water is transformed into the vapour phase
Q4  mLv  1 539   539cal
Thus, the net heat required to convert 1g of ice at
200 C into steam at 1000 C is
Q  Q1  Q2  Q3  Q4  729.6cal
W.E-11 : A calorimeter of water equivalent 83.72
Kg contains 0.48 Kg of water at 35ºC. How
much mass of ice at 0ºC should be added to
decrease the temperature of the calorimeter
to 20ºC. (S W = 4186J / Kg-K and
Lice  335000 J / Kg )
Sol. Heat capacity of the calorimeter = 83.72J K-1
From law of method of mixtures,
Heat lost by calorimeter 

  Heat gained by the ice

Heat lost by water 

d 83.7215 0.48418615  m 33500083720

100 e
b  m  0.07498 Kg
0 c
a W.E-12: A steam at 100ºC is passed into 1 kg of
Q(cal)
-20 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 water contained in a calorimeter of water
equivalent 0.2 kg at 9ºC till the temperature
of the calorimeter and water in it is increased
Sol: In the figure : to 90ºC. Find the mass of steam condensed
a to b: Temperature of ice increases until it reaches in kg ( SW=1 cal/g ºC, & Lsteam = 540 cal/
its melting point 00 C . g)(EAM-14E)
Sol. Let, m be the mass of the steam condensed.
mass of the steam passed into calorimeter,
Q1  mSice  0   20    1 0.53  20   10.6cal m2 = 1kg = 1000 g.
b to c: Temperature remains constant until all the Water equivalent of calorimeter, m1 S l =
ice has melted 0.2 kg = 200g

Q2  mL f  1 80   80cal 1 = temperature of the steam = 100ºC

2 = temperature of the water = 9ºC

NARAYANA CO SCHOOLS 13
 CALORIMETRY PHYSICS

3 = resultant temperature = 90ºC From eq. (1) and (2) ; Q2  Q1

From law of method of mixtures, Heat lost Let  = resultant temperature of the mixture
= heat gained (calorimeter + water) According to law of method of mixtures,
Heat lost by steam = Heat gained by ice
m  Lsteam  SW 1  3     m1S1  m2 SW  3  2  ms Ls  msSwater 100    mice Lice  mice Swater   0

m 540  1100  90     200  1000  1  90  9   20540  201100   10080 1001 

 m  176 g  0.176kg  0.18kg    40º C
W.E.13: 1g steam at 100ºC is passed in an insulat- Note: The temperature of mixture can never be lesser
ing vessel having 1g ice at 0ºC. Find the than lower temperature and can never be greater
equilibrium composition of the mixture. (Ne- than higher temperature  L   mix   H
glecting heat
capacity of the vessel). If ‘m’ g of steam at 1000 C is mixed with ‘m’ g of
Sol. Available heat from steam ice at 00 C then
mL  1 540  540 cal a) Resultant temperature of mixture is 1000 C
Heat required for melting of ice and to rise its tem-
m
perature to 100º C  mice Lice  mwater S water  b) Mass of steam condensed  g c) Mass
3
 1 80   11 100  0  180 cal 2m
of steam left uncondensed  g
Let m be the mass of steam condensed, then 3
180 1 4m
m 540  180  m  540  3 g d) The final mixture contains g of water and
3
1 4 2m
Final contents : Water = 1   g , g of steam both at 1000 C
3 3
3
1 2
steam = 1   g W.E-15 : 6 gm of steam at 1000 C is mixed with 6
3 3
W.E-14: 20g of steam at 100ºC is passed into 100g gm of ice at 00 C . Find the mass of steam
of ice at 0ºC. Find the resultant temperature left uncondensed
if latent heat of steam is 540 cal/g, latent heat ( L f  80cal / g , Lv  540cal / g ,
of ice is 80 cal/ g and specific heat of water
is 1 cal/gºC. SWater  1cal / g  0 C )
Sol. For steam, Heat lost by the steam in condensa- Sol: For steam
tion
Heat lost by the steam in condensation
Q1  ms Ls  20  540  10800cal .........(1) Q1  ms Ls  6  540  3240cal .........(1)
For ice For ice
Heat gained by the ice in melting and to rise its Heat gained by the ice in melting and to rise its
temperature from 0o C to 1000 C is temperature from 0o C to 1000 C is
Q2  mice Lice  mice S w t Q2  mice Lice  mice S w t
 100  80  100 1100  18000cal ......(2)  6  80  6 1100  1080cal ......(2)

14 NARAYANA CO SCHOOLS
 PHYSICS CALORIMETRY

From eq (1) and (2) Q1  Q2 i.e , the total 4. In defining the specific heat, temperature is
represented in 0F instead of 0C. Then the value
steam did not condensed into water.
of specific heat will
Let ‘m’ gm of steam is condensed into water by
A) decrease B) increase
giving 1080cal. of heat .
C) remain constant
1080
mLs  1080 ; m   2 gm  mass D) be converted to heat capacity
540
5. Which of the following states of matter have
of the steam left uncondensed  6  2  4g two specific heats ?
W.E-16:A piece of ice(heat capacity =2100J/Kg 0C A) Solid B) Gas C) Liquid D) Vapour
5
and latent heat  3.36  10 J / Kg ) of mass 6. The specific heat of a gas in an isothermal
m grams is at 5º C at atmospheric pressure. process is
It is given 420 J of heat so that the ice starts A) infinity B) zero
melting. Finally when the ice-water mixture C) negative D) remains constant
is in equilibrium, it is found that 1gm of ice
has melted. Assuming there is no other heat 7. Why the specific heat at a constant pressure
exchange in the process. Find the value of is more than that at constant volume
m. A) There is greater inter molecular attraction at
Sol. Here, heat given is used to increase the constant pressure
temperature of the ice to 0ºC and to melt 1gm B) At constant pressure molecular oscillation are
of ice. more violent
Given m is mass of ice in gm. C) External work need to be done for allowing
expansion of gas at constant pressure
 
 420  m  2100  5  1  3.36  10 5  10 3
D) Due to more reasons other than those mentioned
 m  8 gm . in the above
8. 1 cal/gm/0C = _____ J/kg/K
A) 1 B) 4.2
CUQ C) 4200 D) can have any value
1. Heat capacity of a substance is infinite. It 9. During melting process, the heat given to a
means solid is used in (generally)
A) heat is given out B) heat is taken in A) increasing the temperature
C) no change in temperature whether heat is taken B) increasing the density of material
in (or) given out D) all of the above
C) increasing the average distance between the
2. The heat capacity of a material depends upon molecules
A) the structure of a matter D) increasing the average K.E. of the molecules
B) temperature of matter 10. When two blocks of ice are pressed against
C) density of matter each other then they stick together (coalesce)
D) specific heat of matter because

3. Heat required to raise the temperature of A) cooling is produced

one gram of water through 10C is B) heat is produced
A) 0.001 Kcal B) 0.01 Kcal C) increase in pressure, increase in melting point
C) 0.1 Kcal D) 1.0 Kcal D) increase in pressure, decrease in melting point

NARAYANA CO SCHOOLS 15
 CALORIMETRY PHYSICS

11. Ice is found to be slippery when a man walks 18. The latent heat of vaporisation of a substance
on it This is so because is always
A) increase in pressure causes ice to melt faster A) greater than its latent of fusion
B) increase in pressure causes ice to melt slower B) greater than its latent heat of sublimation
C) its surface is smooth and cold C) equal to its latent heat of sublimation
D) ice is colder D) less than its latent heat of fusion
12. Cooking is difficult on mountains because 19. A piece of ice at 00C is dropped into water at
A) water boils at low temperature 00C. Then ice will
A) melt B) be converted to water
B) water boils at high temperature
C) not melt D) partially melt
C) water does not boil
D) it is cool there
13. Paraffin wax expands on melting. The melting
HEAT CAPACITY (OR)
point of wax with increasing pressure
THERMAL CAPACITY
A) increases B) decreases
1. The ratio of densities of two substances is 2:3
C) remains same D)we can’t say and that of specific heats is 1 : 2. The ratio of
14. In a pressure cooker cooking is done quickly thermal capacities per unit volume is
because A) 1 : 2 B) 2 : 1 C) 1 : 3 D) 3 : 1
A) the cooker does not absorb any heat 2. Two spheres of copper of diameters 10cm and
B) it has a safety valve 20 cm will have thermal capacities in the ratio
C) boiling point of water rises due to increased
1 1 1 1
pressure A) B) C) D)
8 2 4 6
D) it is a prestige to cook in a cooker
3. Two liquids A and B of equal volumes have
15. A large block of ice is placed on a table when their specific heats in the ratio 2 : 3. If they
the surroundings are at 00C have same thermal capacity, then the ratio of
A) ice melts at the sides B) ice melts at the top their densities is
C) ice melts at the bottom A) 1 : 1 B) 2 : 3 C) 3 : 2 D) 5 : 6
D) ice does not melt at all 4. Specific heat of aluminium is 0.25 cal/g-0c. The
0
16. Which of the following at 100 C produces most water equivalent of an aluminium vessel of
severe burns ? mass one kilogram is
A) 40 cal/0C B) 250 g C) 250 cal/0C D) 40 g
A) Hot air B) Water
LAW OF MIXTURES (OR)
C) Steam D) Oil
CALORIMETRY AND CHANGE OF
17. The latent heat of vaporisation of water is STATE PRINCIPLE
more than latent heat of fusion of ice, why 5. The quantity of heat which can rise the
A) On vaporisation much larger increase in volume temperature of x gm of a substance through
takes place t1°C can rise the temperature of y gm of water
B) Increase in kinetic energy is much larger on through t2°C is same. The ratio of specific
boiling heats of the substances is
C) Kinetic energy decreases on boiling A) yt1 / xt2 B) xt2 / yt1
D) Volume decreases when the ice melts C) yt2 / xt1 D) xt1 / yt2

16 NARAYANA CO SCHOOLS
 PHYSICS CALORIMETRY

6. Two liquids A and B are at 300C and 200C 13. 1g of ice at 00 C is mixed 1g of steam at
respectively. When they are mixed in equal
masses the temperature of the mixture is 1000 C . The mass of water formed is
found to be 260C. The ratio of specific heats A) 1.33g B) 1 g C) 0.133 g D) 13.3g
is 14. A piece of metal of mass 112g is heated to
A) 4 : 3 B) 3 : 4 1000 C and dropped into a copper calorimeter
C) 2 : 3 D) 3 : 2 of mass 40g containing 200g of water at 160 C .
7. M g of ice at 00C is mixed with M g of water Neglecting heat loss, the specific heat of the
at 100c. The final temperature is metal is nearly, if the equilibrium temperature
A) 80C B) 60C C) 40C D) 00C reached is 240 C ( Scu  0.1cal / g º C )
8. A beaker contains 200g of water. The heat
A) 0.292 cal / gm 0 C B) 0.392 cal / gm 0 C
capacity of the beaker is equal to that of 20g
water. The initial temperature of water in the C) 0.192 cal / gm 0 C D) 0.492 cal / gm 0 C
beaker is 200C. If 440g of hot water at 920C
is poured in it, the final temperature 15. Three liquids with masses m1 , m2 , m3 are
(neglecting radiation loss) will be nearly thoroughly mixed. If their specific heats are
0 0 0 0
A) 58 C B) 68 C C) 73 C D) 78 C S1 , S2 , S3 and their temperatures 1 ,2 ,3
9. If 10g of the ice at 00C is mixed with 10g of respectively, the temperature of the mixture
water at 1000C, then the final temperature of is
the mixture will be
A) 50C B) 100C S11  S22  S33
A) m S  m S  m S
C) 100 K D) 00C 1 1 2 2 3 3

10. 10 grams of steam at 1000 C is mixed with 50 m1S11  m2 S22  m3S33

B) m1S1  m2 S2  m3 S3
gm of ice at 0 C then final temperature is
0

A) 200 C B) 500 C m1S11  m2 S22  m3 S33

C) m11  m22  m33
C) 400 C D) 1000 C
11. The heat energy required to vapourise 5kg m11  m2 2  m33
of water at 373 K is D) S   S   S 
1 1 2 2 3 3
A) 2700 K.cal B) 1000 K.cal

C) 27 K.cal D) 270 K.cal

SINGLE ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS
12. Two liquids A and B are at temperatures of
750C and 1500C respectively. Their masses SPECIFIC HEAT
are in the ratio of 2 : 3 and specific heats are 1. A metal block absorbs 4500 cal of heat when
in the ratio 3 : 4. The resultant temperature heated from 300 C to 800 C . Its thermal
of the mixture, when the above liquids, are
capacity is
mixed (Neglect the water equivalent of
container ) is A) 90 gm B) 90 cal / 0 C
A) 1250C B) 1000C
C) 9 gm D) 9 cal / 0 C
C) 500C D) 1500C

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 CALORIMETRY PHYSICS

2. Two beakers A and B contain liquids of masses 7. Boiling water at 1000C and cold water at t0C
300 g and 420 g respectively and specific heats are mixed in the ratio 1:3 and the resultant
0.8 cal / g 0 C and 0.6 cal / g 0 C . The amount of maximum temperature was 370C. Assuming no
heat on them is equal. If they are joined by a heat losses, the value of ‘t’ is
metal rod A) 40C B) 90C
A) heat flows from the beaker B to A C) 120C D) 160C
B) heat flows from A to B 8. The fraction of ice that melts by mixing equal
C) no heat flows masses of ice at -10°C and water at 60°C is
D) heat flows neither from A to B nor B to A 6 11 5 11
A) B) C) D)
LAW OF MIXTURES (OR) 11 16 16 15
PRINCIPLE OF CALORIMETRY AND 9. Power of a man who can chew 0.3 kg ice in
CHANGE OF STATE one minute is ( in cal/s)
3. Three liquids A,B and C of masses 400gm, 600 A) 400 B) 4 C) 24 D) 240
gm and 800 gm ar e at 300c, 400c and 500c 10. The final temperature, when 10 g of steam at
respectively. When A and B are mixed 100°Cis passed into an ice block of mass 100g
resultant temperature is 360C when B and C L  540 cal / g , Lice  80 cal / g ; S water  1 cal / g 0C 
steam
are mixed resultant temperature is 440C Then
ratio of their specific heats are is
A) 2:1:1 B) 3:2:1 A) 00C B)15.70C C) 16.90C D) 20.40C
C) 2:2:1 D) 1:4:9 MULTIPLE ANSWER TYPE QUESTIONS
11. Refer to the plot of temperature versus time
4. 1gm of ice at 00C is converted to steam at
(figure ) showing the changes in the state if
1000C the amount of heat required will be
ice on heating (not to scale). Which of the
( LSteam  536 cal / g ) following is correct?
A) 756 cal B)12000 cal E
C)716 cal D)450 cal
5. 50g of copper is heated to increase its
temperature by 100C. If the same quantity of
100
Temperature (0C)

heat is given to 10 g of water, the rise in its C D

temperature is ( Scu = 420J/kg/0C and S w =
4200J/kg/0C )
A) 50C B) 60C C) 70C D) 80C B A
6. A liquid of mass ‘m’ and specific heat ‘S’ is at tmO Time (min)
a temperature ‘2t’. If another liquid of thermal A) The region AB represents ice and water in
capacity 1.5 times, at a temperature of t/3 is thermal equilibrium
added to it, the resultant temperature will be B) At B water starts boiling
4 C) At C all the water gets converted into steam
A) t B) t
3 D) C to D represents water and steam in
equilibrium at boiling point
t 2
C) D) t
2 3

18 NARAYANA CO SCHOOLS
 PHYSICS CALORIMETRY
4. 1 gram of ice at 100 C is converted to steam
MATRIX MATCH
12. Three liquids A,B and C having same at 1000 C the amount of heat required is
specific heats have masses m,2m and  Sice  0.5 cal / g º C 
3m.Their temperatures are  , 2 and 3
respectively. The temperature of mixture ( Lv  536 cal / g & L f  80 cal / g , )
Column-I Column-II A) 861 cal B)12005 cal
C)721 cal D)455 cal
5
a) when A and B are mixed p)    5. 30 gram of copper is heated to increase its
2
temperature by 200 C if the same quantity of
5 heat is given to 20 gram of water the rise in its
b) when A and C are mixed q)    temperature.
3
( S w  4200 J / kg  K & S cu  420 J / kg  K )
7
c) when B and C are mixed r)   
3 A) 50 C B) 60 C C) 30 C D) 80 C
6. A liquid of mass ‘m’ and specific heat ‘c’ is
 13 
d) when A,B and C all are mixed s)    heated to a temperature 2T. Another liquid of
5 mass ‘m/2’ and specific heat ‘2c’ is heated to
a temperature T. If these two liquids are mixed,
the resulting temperature of the mixture is
A) (2/C)T B) (8/5)T
( PREVIOUS YEARS JEE MAIN AND C) (3/5)T D) (3/B)T
ADVANCED QUESTIONS) 7. A tap supplies water at 100 C and another tap
1. A calorimeter takes 200 cal of heat to rise its at 1000 C . How much hot water must be taken
temperature through 100 C . Its water so that we get 20kg of water at 350 C
equivalent in gm is
A) 40/9 kg B) 50/9 kg
A) 2 B) 10 C) 20 D) 40
C) 20/9 kg D) 130/9 kg
2. Three different substances have the specific
8. Find the amount of heat supplied to decrease
heats in the ratio 1:2:3 and the temperature
the volume of an ice-water mixture by 1 cm3
increases in the ratio 3:2:1 when the same
without any change in temperature.
heat is supplied to the three substances. The
ratio of their masses is  ice  0.9  water , Lice  80cal / gm 
A) 1:1:1 B) 1:2:3 C) 3:2:1 D) 4:3:4
A) 360 cal. B) 500 cal.
3. Equal masses of 3 liquids A, B and C have
temperatures 10º C , 25º C and 40º C C) 72 cal. D) 720 cal
respectively. If A and B are mixed, the mixture 9. The power of a system which can convert 10
has a temperature of 15º C . If B and C are kg of water at 300 C into ice at 00 C in one
mixed ,the mixture has a temperature of minute ( L ice = 336000 J/K g; and
30º C . If A & C are mixed the temperature of S water  4200 J / kg / K ) will be
the mixture is
A) 77 kW B) 55 kW
A) 16º C B) 35º C
C) 20º C D) 25ºC C) 38.5 kW D) 40 kW

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 CALORIMETRY PHYSICS

10. The amount of steam at 1000 C that should be 4. water equivalent = mS gram.

passed into 600 g of water at 100 C to make 5. Q1  Q2  m1S11  m2 S 2 2

the final temperature as 400 C will be 6. Heat lost by A = Heat gain by B
A) 40 g B) 30 g C) 20 g D) 45 g mS A    A  mSB    B
11. ‘M’ kg of water ‘t’ 0 C is divided into two parts
so that one part of mass ‘m’kg when converted S A    B
 S    
into ice at 00 C would release enough heat to B A

vapourise the other part, then

7.  M  80    M 10 
m
is equal to [Specific heat of water =1 cal  Final Temp. is 00 c
M
8. From principle of calorimetry,
g 1 0 C 1 ,
mwater  Sw    20   mS     20
1
Latent heat of fusion of ice =80 cal g ,
Latent heat of steam =540 cal g 1 ]  mhotwater  Sw  92  
9. From principle of calorimetry

720  t  m  L    m  S 1   m  S 2

A) 640-t B)
640 10. Heat lost = Heat gained

640  t 640  t mice Lice  mice Sw   

C) ` D)
720 720 msteam Lsteam  msteam S w 100   
EXERCISE - I KEY 11. Q = m x Lsteam
01) C 02) D 03) A 04) A 05) B 12. mASA (  -75) = mBSB (150 -  )
06) A 07) C 08) C 09) C 10)D
11) A 12) A 13) A 14) C 15) C 13. Here the resultant temperature is
16) C 17) A 18) A 19) C 1000 C , m| is mass of the steam
condensed
EXERCISE -II KEY
01) C 02) A 03) C 04) B 05) C m| Lv  mice L f  mice S water  
06) D 07) D 08) B 09) B 10) C  water formed = 1g + m|
11) A 12) A 13) A 14) C 15) B 14. Heat lost by metal = heat gained by
SOLUTIONS calorimeter and water

H1  1  S1  mmetal Smetal 100  24  

1. H  mS  VS  H     S 
2  2  2   mcu Scu  mwater Sw   24 16
3
4 H r  15. Let 1   2  3 and = resultant
2. H  mS    r 3 S  1   1 
3 H 2  r2  temperature.
From principle of colorimetry
1 S2
3. m1S1 = m2S2  v11S1 = v2 2 S2 ; m3 S3 3     m1S1   1   m2 S2    2 
 2 = S1

20 NARAYANA CO SCHOOLS
 PHYSICS CALORIMETRY

EXERCISE -III KEY EXERCISE -IV KEY

01) B 02) B 03) C 04) C 05) A 01) C 02) D 03) A 04) C 05) C
06) B 07) D 08) B 09) A 10) 1 06) D 07) B 08) C 09) A 10) B
11)A,D 12) a-q, b-p, c-s, d-r 11) D
SOLUTIONS SOLUTIONS
Q Q
1. H  1. H
 
2. Quantity of heat on A = Quantity of heat
on B m1 S2  2
2. Q  mS     const   
m A  S A   1  m B  S B   2  1   2 m2 S1 1
3. When A, B are mixed
3. When A & B are mixed, mS A  5   mS B 10 
mA S A    A  mB S B    B ...... (i)
When B, C are mixed  S A  2S B When B & C are mixed,
m B S B     B  mC S C    C ...... (ii) mS B  5   mSC 10 
From (i) and (ii) we get relation between
SA and SC. When A and C are mixed  S B  2SC So, S A  4SC ; When A & C
m AS A  A  m are mixed
S C    C
C
4. Q = mLsteam+mSw(100-0)+mLs mS A   10   mSC  40   
5. Q1  Q2  mSc 1  mSw 2 4. Q = m  Sice  10  mLice+mSw(100-0)+mLs
6. From principle of calorimetry
m1S11  m2 S22 5. Q1  Q2  mcu Scu  1  mw S w   2

m1S1  m2 S2 6. From principle of calorimetry;

 G iv e n , m 2 S 2  1 .5  m 1 S 1  m1S11  m2 S2 2

7. Heat lost by hot water = Heat gained by m1S1  m2 S 2
cold water. 7. From principle of calorimetry
 m1 1  m1S11  m2 S2 2
m1S1  1  m2 S 2 2  Given,   
 m2 3  m1S1  m2 S 2 ( Given, m1+m2=20)
8. Here a part of ice is melted because heat
given by water when it comes to 0ºC is 8. Q  m  Lice  ice V  Lice
less than the heat required for ice to
melt completely. Q
9. P ; Q  m  S w  30  m  Lice
Let m| is the mass of the ice melted. t
mSice 10   mLice  mwater Sw  60  10. Heat lost by steam = Heat gained by
water
mL f
9. P msteam  Lv  msteam S w 1000  400   mwater S w  400  100 
t
11.
10. Heat lost by steam = Heat gained by ice
m  80  m  1  t   M  m   1  100  t   540  M  m 
msteam Lv  msteamSw 1000 0   miceLf  miceSw 0 0
720m   640  t  M
11. During phase change process , temperature of
the system remains constant.

NARAYANA CO SCHOOLS 21