A Detailed Lesson Plan in Science 5

Prepared by: Chelsie Carvajal, Kim Cybel Dano & Shelly Daisy Nacion

I. Learning Competency
Investigate extent of soil erosion in the community and its effects on living things and
the environment; S5FEIVb-2

II. Learning Content:

Content/Topic: Weathering and Soil Erosion

III. Objectives
At the end of the lesson, the pupils will be able to:
1. define weathering and soil erosion,
2. use their knowledge of weathering and soil erosion to explain the cause and effect of
these processes
3. differentiate weathering and soil erosion and;
4. understand the importance of taking care of the earth’s land and surface.

References:

a. Science-CG_with tagged-sci-equipment_revised_pdf
b. Science Beyond Borders Textbook page 153-169

Materials: Laptop, charts, jumbled letters

III. Procedure

TEACHER’S ACTIVITY PUPIL’S ACTIVITY

A. Preliminary Activities
Class kindly be ready for the opening
prayer.
(Our Father Prayer)
May I call on Jubille to lead the prayer?
Good morning class! (All) Good morning ma’am!
Before we start our lesson, please prepare (prepares for class)
yourselves for this class. Put on proper
clothes in case you will be asked to turn
on your camera. Please only open your
microphone if you have any questions or (Puts on proper clothes)
are asked to open your microphone?
Understand class?
Okay so I will be checking the attendance. Yes ma’am, there is no absent today.

B. Lesson Proper Okay, teacher!

1. Motivation

Now, before we will start our lesson today

we will have a 5 minute activity.

Let’s start now.

Our activity for today is called “Guess Me”.
I have here jumbled letters which you will
arrange to create the word that is being
asked. Please turn your mic or type in the
chat box if you want to answer.

The first person who can get the correct

answer will have additional 5 points, the
second person will have 4 points, third
person will have 3 points, fourth person
will have 2 points and the last pupil will
have additional 1 point.
Are we all clear? Yes ma’am!
. We’ll start now! (Doing the activity)
(Answers in chorus)

First word.
(Paul) *raises his hands*
(Paul) Soil Erosion
Yes Paul? (Checking the answer).
Very well, Paul you got the additional 5
points. Hurry up pupils to get the 2nd
highest additional points.

Next word. Yes Allyssa? What words do (Allyssa) Weathering ma’am

you have there?
Correct! Plus 4 for Allyssa!
Next we have Jubille, what words do you (Jubille) Mechanical and chemical
have there? weathering ma’am.
Very good, Jubille plus 3 points
Now we have Xyrah , what words do you (Xyrah) Strip cropping and terracing
have there?
Correct, Xyrah got the additional 2 points
Last but not the least,yes Jazer? What (Mel Jazer) crop rotation and riprapping
word do you have there? ma’am
Correct, Tony got an additional 1 point.
To those who answered, total all your (Total their scores)
scores and message it in the chat box.

C. Discussion
Now, let’s start our discussion. What have (Allyssa)It’s all about the earth surface
you noticed with the words that I gave to ma,am.
you?
You're right! What else? No one? Ok! Let’s
just proceed.
We’re now at chapter 10: What Processes
Shape the Earth’s Surface? Our objectives
for today’s lessons is that the students are
able to;

● define weathering and soil

erosion,
● use their knowledge of
weathering and soil erosion
to explain the cause and
effect of these processes
and;
● differentiate weathering and
soil erosion.
 ● Understand the importance
of taking care of the earth’s
land and surface.

Weathering is an important process that

helps shape the Earth’s surface. The
breaking of the rocks results in the
formation of soil and different landforms.

Any clarifications about weathering so that

we can continue? (All) None ma’am
Ok! Weathering has two types: Mechanical
weathering and chemical weathering.
When we say mechanical weathering it is
also known as physical weathering. It is
the process through which large rocks are
broken into increasingly smaller pieces,
the process normally happens near earth’s
surface and doesn’t change the chemical
nature of rocks.

When we say chemical weathering it

involves a change in the composition of
rocks that allows them to break down into
tiny pieces and occurs when reactions
between rock and another substance
dissolve the rock, causing parts of it to fall
away.

Next, we have the different agents of

weathering.

Who among you here have any ideas (Jubille) Water, wind, temperature,
about the different agents of weathering or plants, animals and humans ma’am.
you can give some examples.
Very good! How can the water be one of (Silence)
the agents of weathering? Anyone from
the class? No one?
Ok! Water can break rocks in different (All) Yes ma’am!
ways, for example the strong waves hitting
the rocks can make it break. Water can
seep into the cracks of the rocks and
when it gets colder, these water can
expand and turn into ice which can trigger
rocks to break. Understood?
How about the wind? The wind causes (All) Yes, ma’am
many beautiful formations like the
Mahayaw Arch in Sabtang Island,
Batanes, Philippines. As the wind blows, it
carries sand or small rock particles that
scratch the rocks’ surface. This can bring
about mechanical weathering which can
also result in different rock formations. Did
you understand?
Next we have temperature, when rocks (All) None ma’am
are exposed to varying temperatures, it
expands. If rocks are exposed to a low
temperature, it contracts. The repeated
expansion and contraction of rocks due to
changes in temperature results in
weathering. Questions?
Next are plants, some plants, like lichens, (Allyssa) Ma’am how about the trees
ferns, and mosses, can also trigger ma’am is it included to the agents that
weathering. How? It can grow on rocks can trigger weathering?
and cause it to break into pieces.
Eventually, the metabolic or life process of
these plants will cause the gradual
breakage of rocks into smaller pieces.
Questions?
Yes, trees can also trigger weathering. Its (All) Yes ma’am!
growing roots can break the cemented
ground in search for more minerals in the
soil. Understand?
Now, let’s proceed to the animals. Animals (All) None ma’am!
that live underground also contribute to
weathering. As burrowing animals dig
deeper, they cause rocks to break into
pieces, too. Question or clarifications
about the animals?
Very good! Last but not the least is (Xyrah) Ma’am can you give more
humans. For example, subdivision examples?
developers use bulldozers to flatten
mountains or hills to build houses. Some
construction workers use jackhammers to
break boulders of rock as they repair
roads. Understand? Clarifications?
Ok! Another example, mining companies.
Mining companies extract stones or rocks
from quarry or just like an open-pit mine.
Some miners throw dynamites and other
explosives on quarry sites to get more
rocks or stones, this mining activity can
trigger landslides.

Questions? Clarifications? (All) Yes ma’am

Are you sure? (All) Yes ma’am!
SHELLY: Ok very good! Now, let’s (Paul) Erosion ma’am is movement of
proceed to soil erosion. Who among you rocks from one place to another.
here have any ideas about soil erosion?
Yes, Paul?
Very good! Brent is correct, when we say
soil erosion it is when rocks are broken
down into different pieces and it does not
stay in one place. Some rock fragments
become part of the soil; others are
transferred from one place to another.
Again, just like what Brent said, the
movement of rock fragments and soil from
one place to another is called erosion. The
materials that are transported due to
erosion are called sediments.

Understand? (All) Yes ma’am!

Again when we say erosion it is the (All) Yes ma’am!
movement of rock fragments and soil from
one place to another and the materials
that are transported due to erosion are
called sediments. Is that clear?
Very good and just like in weathering there
are different agents of soil erosion. It
includes water, wind, animals, and
humans.

Water-as water flows, it transports rock (All) Yes ma’am!

and soil particles from one place to
another. The speed of the flowing water
affects the rate of soil erosion. The faster
the water flows, the faster and the farther
the erosion would be. Faster movement
of water can cause many sediments to be
carried away by water. Get it?
Next is the wind, as wind blows it carries (All) No, Ma’am!
light particles of rocks and soil,
transporting and depositing them in
another place. Erosion by the wind
contributes a lot in shaping the Earth’s
surface. An example of this is the
formation of sand dunes. Are you familiar
with sand dunes?
When we say sand dunes it is ridges of
sand formed by the wind and are usually
found in deserts or shore lines. Dunes are
formed when the wind blows sand into a
secluded area.
Next, we have animals. How? When (All) Yes ma’am!
burrowing animals dig the ground, some
rock and soil particles stick to their bodies
as they move from one place to another.
They carry such particles too. If you are
curious what burrowing animals are, they
are animals who dig holes or tunnels in
the ground. Understand?
Lastly we have humans. Just like animals, (All) Yes ma’am!
whenever we walk, the soil clings to our
shoes, so the soil gets transported from
place to place. Also other human activities
like gardening can also cause erosion
since soil moves as we dig the ground.
Do you understand it class?
Very good! Now I have a question for you (All) Yes ma’am!
here. Are you ready?
Nice, so the question is how land slope (Mel) Me ma’am
affects erosion? Anyone from the class?
Yes Mr. Mel? (Mel) Ma’am I think if the surface is
greatly slanted the water that flows has
greater force and thus carries more soil.
Yes, very good, thank you Miss Eisel. (Jubille) Ma’am what is slope?
She’s right, in continuation to what your
classmate said those results to greater
and faster erosion.
Good question! A slope is an inclined (Jubille) Ok ma’am!
surface of land and again just like what
your classmate said this slope of land
affects the rate of soil erosion. We all
know that roots of trees and other plants
absorb water as it rains, but some
unabsorbed water flows downward since
we’re talking here an inclined surface or a
slope, washing away soil.
Ok now, l am going to discuss the effects (All) None ma’am!
of soil erosion but before that do you have
any idea what are the effects of soil
erosion, anyone?
Every natural process here on earth, like (All) None ma’am!
soil erosion affects both living and
nonliving things. Soil erosion does not only
shape Earth’s landforms, it also affects
ecosystems especially if it happens
abruptly. First, let me discuss the effects of
soil erosion on landforms. The
appearance and structure of landforms do
not change overnight. Soil erosion can
destroy large masses of land. It can also
transform a mountain to a hill or plateau.
Deforestation, mining, and conversion of
mountains to residential or commercial
lands. Question?
Good! Now, let’s proceed to the effects of (All) Yes ma’am
soil erosion on living things.
Too much soil erosion makes the soil
unable to hold or absorb water. This
makes the soil dry, coarse, and eventually
unfit for vegetation. Sediments that are
washed away by water can clog irrigation
systems and can further inhibit the plants
water supply. Less food production that
can affect animals and humans since
plants are their main source of food and
nutrients. People who depend on farming
as their source of livelihood will have
problems if they don’t have a healthy and
fertile soil to plant. Erosion bought by
water can wash mine tailings to nearby
bodies of water and pollute them.
Any question or clarification about the (All) None ma’am!
effects of soil erosion on living things
before we proceed on the ways to control
soil erosion?
Ok good! We know that soil erosion is a (All) Ok ma’am!
natural phenomenon in the environment
so we cannot prevent it however; there are
practices that can help control soil erosion
and its harmful effects. First in line is the
natural vegetation, this is allowing plants
and trees to grow naturally without human
interference. By letting these plants grow,
root systems will be developed and these
root systems grip on the soil and make it
more stable, thereby minimizing the
movement of soil throughout the ground.
Next is contour plowing, since erosion (Mel) Yes ma’am, but we didn’t know it is
usually occurs on slopes, farmers who called contour plowing now, we already
plant on mountainsides follow the contours know.
or curves of the land instead of planting
the crops up and down the slope so as to
slow down the flow of water and the soil
that it carries. Are you familiar with this
one?
Very good! Next we have strip cropping, I (Jubille) Now we already know what it is
know just like contour plowing you are all called ma’am!
familiar with this one but didn’t know what
it is called. This method involves
alternately planting different crops in
strips. These crops are planted across the
slope, too. In this method grass and other
plants that grow close to the ground are
planted in strips between bands of grain
crops. The strip crops lessen soil erosion
since they hold much water in the soil.
Good! Next is terracing, have you been to (Paul) Yes ma’am, but in photos only!
or seen photos of the Banaue Rice
Terraces in Mountain Province?
Same here! I just also seen it in photos (Paul) Now I know ma’am I thought it is
and video so Banaue Rice Terraces is a only for tourist attraction.
very good example of terracing, which
involves planting on terraces or steps built
on the slopes of mountainsides. Farmers
build terraces to act as a ridge to help
slow down the flow of water that carries
soil. By doing so, the rate of erosion also
slows down.
No, it is not just to attract tourists. Now (All) Yes ma’am!
you know that it is to help slow down the
rate of erosion.
Good! Now, let’s proceed to the next one (All) Ok ma’am!
which is crop rotation. When we say crop
rotation this refers to planting crops in
different spot each year. Doing so helps
the soil maintain its good quality of soil, a
good quality of soil is moist and a moist
soil cannot be carried away easily by the
wind. Farmers use crop rotation not just to
prevent pests from destroying the plants
but also to maintain the good quality of the
soil.
Lastly is the riprapping, it is building (All) Yes ma’am!
ripraps or chunks of stones or rocks
arranged on the edge of a slope. This
arrangement of stones does not just serve
as a foundation but also a ridge to control
soil erosion. Like for example when rain
pours down, most of the soil carried down
the slope is deposited on the ripraps. Do
you get it?

D. Generalization (All) None ma’am!

Very good! And that ends our discussion

for today. Questions or clarifications?
And now I have some questions to ask for (Allyssa) Weathering ma’am!
our recap. What do you call an important
process that helps shape the Earth’s
surface and the breaking of the rocks
results in the formation of soil and different
landforms?
Very good! Next, what are the 2 types of (Jubille) Mechanical and Chemical
weathering? weathering ma’am!
Good! What is the difference between the (Paul) Mechanical weathering ma’am is
two? Yes Abigail? the physical weathering of rocks while
chemical weathering involves change in
composition of rocks that allows them to
break into pieces.
Right! And what are the different agents of (Mel) Water, wind, temperature, plants,
weathering? animals and humans ma’am!
 Good! What do we call when rocks are
broken down into different pieces and it
does not stay in one place
Very good! And what are the different
agents of soil erosion?
Good! What do you call an inclined plane
or surface of a land?
Very good! And what are the different
ways to control soil erosion?
Very good! I think you really understand
our lesson for today
(Jubille) Soil erosion ma’am!
(Paul) Water, wind, animals, and humans
ma’am!
(Mel) Slope ma’am!
(Allyssa) Natural vegetation, contour
plowing, strip cropping, terracing, crop
rotation and riprapping ma’am!
(All) Yes ma’am!

E. Application (All) Okay ma’am!

Now, let’s find out if you really understand

our discussion today. Get your quiz
notebook in science because we are going
to have a quiz.
(Dictates the questions to the class, see
the quiz number 1 )

IV: Assignment

1. Define what are weather disturbances and give the causes of weather disturbances.

V. Evaluation

Quiz # 1

LET’S CHECK!

A. Write TRUE if the statement is correct. Write FALSE, if the statement is wrong and change
the underlined word to make the statement correct.

1. The movement of rocks from one place to another is called weathering.

2. Sediments are materials transported due to erosion.

3. The faster the running water is, the slower the soil erosion would be.
4. Sand dunes are ridges of sand formed by waves.
5. Erosion is faster and greater on land surfaces with gradual slope.
6. Gardening can also cause erosion because soil moves as we mine the
ground.
7. A slope is a flat surface of land.
8. Small volumes of soil and sand are transported when they are used in the
construction of houses.
9. When burrowing animals dig the ground, some rocks and soil particles stick to
their bodies.
10. Landslide can be caused by water, wind animals, and humans.

B. Draw if the situation shows good effects of soil erosion and if not.

1. shaping of land forms

2. deposition of mine tailings
3. formation of soil
4. removal of top soil
5. clogging of irrigation canals
6. decrease in food production
7. pollution of water
8. inability of soil to hold water
 9. change in appearance or mountains
10.large masses becoming wonders of nature

C. Give the correct answer to the question being asked.

1. allowing plants to grow naturally without human interference

2. instead of plowing up and down, farmers should plow across the slope to form
ridges
3. alternately planting different crops in strips
4. involves planting on terraces or steps built on slopes of mountainside
5. planting crops on a different spot each year
6. chunks of stones or rocks are arrange in the edge of the slope