Cognitive and Mental Health Issues and Brain Injuries Re Write Test Fillable 1

COGNITIVE AND MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES AND BRAIN
INJURIES
RE-WRITE TEST
General Directions:
A. There are a total of 53 questions worth 1 mark each except where indicated.
B. Answer all questions directly on the question paper as indicated.
C. In multiple choice questions, always choose the best answer.
D. Your score will be the number of correct responses. There is no penalty for
incorrect answers.
E. This exam is out of 60 marks. You must receive 42 marks in order to receive
70%.
Name: PSW course
Date:
Note: Record your answers in grey area. Click on the grey area and start
typing. In case of long answers the area will expand as you type.
©NACC2017V.4 Section IV. Module 11. Cognitive and Mental

Health Issues and Brain Injuries
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1. A cognitive impairment is when a person loses their ability to:
D
a) Remember c) Reason
b) Think d) All of the above
2. Dementia is an effect of the normal aging process:

B
a) True b) False
3. What changes in the nervous system are associated with aging?

C
a) Touch and sensitivity to pain increases
b) Responses and reaction times are faster
c) Brain cells are lost
d) Blood flow to the brain increases
4. Dementia describes the progressive loss of brain functions including cognitive

as well as social functions:
A
a) True b) False
5. Treatable forms of dementia include the following:

A
a) Brain injury, infection, alcohol
b) Thyroid deficiency, brain tumor, alcohol
c) Brain injury, brain tumor, dehydration
d) Alcohol, emotional trauma, thyroid deficiency
6. Confusion is also called disorientation and refers to the person’s inability to

think with their usual speed or clarity, or recall people, time or place:
A
a) True b) False
7. Confusion that occurs suddenly and usually without warning is called

dementia: B
a) True b) False

8. Which of the following statements are not true about delirium?
A
a) It is not to be treated as an emergency
b) It is often temporary
c) It can occur due to a reaction to medications, infection, dehydration
d) Can be caused by major life changes
9. Which of the following lists are appropriate methods for the PSW to use to
support a person with dementia related to communication:
A
a) Approach from the front; use touch; ask simple, clear questions; give
time to respond
b) Approach from the side; use touch; ask simple, clear questions; give
time to respond
c) Smile; provide lots of choices; discuss current events; do not criticize or
argue
d) Always address the client by name; explain what you are going to do;
remove clocks and calendars from their room; repeat information
frequently
10. Which of the following lists are appropriate methods for the PSW to use to
support a person with dementia related to meeting their basic needs:
C
a) Bathe the person when they are calm; urge the client to rush; offer
simple clothing choices; provide incontinence care as needed
b) Provide good skin care; provide frequent toileting at regular intervals
throughout the day and night; encourage intake of coffee, tea and cola
products; provide oral care
c) Provide finger foods; play soft music during care activities; provide
privacy and keep the person warm when bathing; use clothing that is easy
to put on and take off
d) Promote exercise and activity during the day; provide frequent toileting
at regular intervals throughout the day but not at night; don’t rush the
person; cut food into small bites
11. Alzheimer’s Disease, Multi-Infarct Dementia, Fronto-Temporal Dementia,
Dementia with Lewy Bodies and Korsakoff’s Syndrome are all are common
forms of irreversible dementia: A
a) True b) False
12. Which list of symptoms is typical for a person in the early stage of
Alzheimer’s Disease? A
a) Mild forgetfulness, limited attention span, finding the right words,
difficulty following conversations, mild coordination problems
b) Forget personal history, personality change, saying the same thing over
and over again, disrupted sleep patterns, having a shuffling gait
c) Loss of ability to remember, total urinary and fecal incontinence,
withdrawal from conversation, sleeping longer and more often, inability to
recognize self or family members
d) Disorientation to time and place, restless, violent behaviours, poor
judgement, loss of weight
13. Which list of symptoms is typical for a person in the middle stage of
Alzheimer’s Disease? B
14. Which list of symptoms is typical for a person in the late stage of
Alzheimer’s Disease? C
15. Sundowning is the name given to a condition which is described as:

B
a) Behaviours of dementia that lessen in late afternoon or early evening
b) Behaviours of dementia that increase during the hours of darkness
c) A person in stage 3 Alzheimer’s
d) Behaviours of dementia that improves at night
16. Mrs. Annan has Alzheimer’s Disease. You promote her safety by explaining
the safety rules to her:
a) True b) False A
17. Agitated and restless behaviour may be the result of:
D
a) Pain or discomfort c) Lack of sleep
b) Too much or too little stimuli d) All of the above
18. A delusion is seeing, hearing, or feeling something that is not real:
B
a) True b) False
19. A hallucination is a false belief:
B
a) True b) False

20. Clients with dementia often have communication problems and in the later
stages of dementia, may scream to communicate. Which of the following lists
would be considered helpful measures for a PSW to utilize?
D
a) Ensure the person is wearing prescribed glasses or hearing aides
b) Use therapeutic touch to calm the person
c) Escort the person to their room and close the door when they scream
d) Both a and b
e) Both a and c
21. Mr. Rogers is 78 years old and lives alone in a senior’s apartment. His son
visited and noticed that his father appeared agitated, was poorly groomed, and
complained that he is not sleeping and feels tired all the time. These are signs
and symptoms of: D
a) Aging c) Abusive personality
b) A phobia d) Depression
22. Mental health is a state of mind in which a person copes with and adjusts to
the stressors of everyday living in socially acceptable ways:
A
a) True b) False
23. The causes of mental health disorders are complex as there are many
contributing factors such as:
a) Social and cultural factors d) Childhood experiences F
b) Biological factors e) Both b and c
c) Poor physical health f) Answers a to d
24. Major depression is also known as clinical depression and is a state of mind
in which a person has severe feels of worthlessness, self-blame, sadness and
emptiness that last for weeks: A
a) True b) False
25. The person with this disorder has severe extremes in mood, energy and
ability to function:
a) Major depression B
b) Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
c) Bipolar Affective Disorder
d) Seasonal Affective Disorder
26. You will observe the person with this disorder engage in repeated
behaviours such as washing their hands over and over many times:
B
a) Post-traumatic stress c) Phobic disorder
disorder d) Panic disorder
b) Obsessive-compulsive
disorder

27. A vague uneasy feeling that occurs in response to stress is:
A
a) Anxiety c) Obsession
b) Delusion d) Paranoia
28. To support the person during episodes of anxiety, it is important for the PSW
to: D
a) Avoid situations known to cause anxiety
b) Keep conversations focused on the subject causing anxiety
c) Use touch to reassure the person if appropriate
d) Both a and c
29. Stress is: B
a) The way to cope with an adjust to everyday living
b) The emotional, behavioral or physical response to an event or situation
c) A mental or emotional disorder
d) A thought or an idea
30. Burnout is: D

a) A normal part of work life
b) A type of stress that is healthy and gives one a feeling of fulfillment
c) A mental or emotional disorder
d) A state of physical, emotional and mental exhaustion that results in
feelings of discouragement, negativity and powerlessness
31. A stressor is: C

a) A coping strategy c) An event or situation that
b) A defense mechanism causes stress
d) A reaction to stress
32. Conflict is: A

a) A clash between opposing interests and ideas
b) A coping strategy
c) A normal part of work life
d) A type of stress that is healthy and gives one a feeling of fulfillment
33. Catastrophic reactions involve:

C
a) False beliefs
b) Restless behaviour
c) Extreme responses to perceived danger
d) Paranoia
34. Schizophrenia is characterized by delusions, hallucinations, disturbances in

thinking and withdrawal from social activity:
A
a) True b) False
35. Schizophrenia affects a person’s ability to function in one aspect of life only:
B
a) True b) False
36. Older adults are at risk for suicide:

A
a) True b) False
37. The most common substance abused in Substance-Dependence Disorders is:

D
a) Alcohol c) Prescription medications
b) Illegal drugs d) All of the above
38. When supporting clients with substance abuse disorders, a PSW should do
which of the following?
a) Discuss suspected abuse with the client’s family
D
b) Purchase drugs or alcohol for the client if requested
c) Talk directly with the client if you suspect substance abuse
d) Report suspected substance abuse to your supervisor immediately
39. A person’s lack of regard for moral or legal standards in society, or abide by
societal rules is an example of:
A
a) Antisocial Personality Disorder
b) Dependent Personality Disorder
c) Narcissistic Personality Disorder
d) Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder
40. A person’s extreme need of other people to the point where that person is
unable to make any decisions is an example of:
B
a) Antisocial Personality Disorder
b) Dependent Personality Disorder
c) Narcissistic Personality Disorder
d) Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder
41. The two most common eating disorders, anorexia nervosa and anorexia
bulimia, occur mostly in the following group:
C
a) Middle-aged women c) Adolescent girls and young
b) Middle-aged men women
d) Late childhood
42. An eating disorder where the person has a fear of weight gain and obesity
despite their body weight being less than 15 % of their normal weight is:
B
a) Anorexia Bulimia
b) Anorexia Nervosa
c) Obesity
d) Pica
43. An eating disorder where the person binge eats followed by purging is:
A
a) Bulimia Nervosa c) Obesity
b) Anorexia Nervosa d) Pica
44. An ABI (acquired brain injury) is any type of sudden injury that causes
temporary or permanent damage to the brain:
A
a) True b) False
45. An ABI can be the result of: E

a) Trauma to the head d) Both a and b
b) Lack of oxygen e) Answers a, b and c
c) Illness such as meningitis
46. Symptoms of a head injury include: D

a) Drowsiness, nausea, vomiting, confusion
b) Memory loss, blurred vision, syncope, changes to the pupils
c) Headache, irritability, concussion
d) All of the above
47. The following are possible deficits related to those who have suffered an
acquired brain injury: physical, cognitive, psychological and sensory. In the
space provided beside each deficit, identify whether it is categorized under
physical, cognitive, psychological or sensory, using the codes provided (8 marks)
Physical – A
Cognitive – B
Psychological – C
Sensory - D
C Lack of inhibition (poor social judgement)

B Memory loss
A Paralysis
D Disorders in smell and taste
C Shortened attention span
C Immature behaviour
D Changes in hearing and vision
A Reduced endurance

48. Permanent damage to an area of the brain that results in paralysis on one
side of the body, such as a stroke, is referred to as:
C
a) Paraplegia c) Hemiplegia
b) Diplegia d) Quadraplegia
49. Mr. Carter is a 91-year-old long-term care resident and he thinks he is

travelling on a train. The best response from the PSW should be:
D
a) Tell him it’s time for him to get off the train and go to the dining room
b) Tell him that he is not on a train and you don’t believe he has been on a
train in some time
c) Ignore his comments about being on a train and talk about what you did
at home the previous evening
d) Take note from his chart that says Mr. Carter is a retired railroad
engineer and ask him how it feels to ride a train all day
50. While working at a long-term care facility, you observe Mr. Welsh, an 88-
year-old man crouched in the corner of the activity room. He is hostile when you
approach him. Mr. Welsh says “Watch them! They are trying to kill me!” You
recognize that this behaviour is typical of: A
a) Schizophrenia c) Multi-infarct dementia
b) Alzheimer’s disease d) All of the above
51. The behaviour by Mr. Welsh described above indicates changes in:
A
a) Perception c) Language ability
b) Short term memory d) Motor skills
52. The best approach the PSW should take with Mr. Welsh is to:
D
a) Take him to his room and isolate him
b) Calm him by touching him
c) Reason with him and persuade him to return to his room
d) Guide him to a quiet place away from other residents
53. A common sign or symptom of dementia is:

D
a) Headache
b) Paralysis
c) Dyspnea
d) Poor judgement

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COGNITIVE AND MENTAL HEALTH ISSUES AND BRAIN

Name: PSW course

©NACC2017V.4 Section IV. Module 11. Cognitive and Mental

2. Dementia is an effect of the normal aging process:

3. What changes in the nervous system are associated with aging?

4. Dementia describes the progressive loss of brain functions including cognitive

5. Treatable forms of dementia include the following:

6. Confusion is also called disorientation and refers to the person’s inability to

7. Confusion that occurs suddenly and usually without warning is called

©NACC2017V.4 Section IV. Module 11. Cognitive and Mental

15. Sundowning is the name given to a condition which is described as:

©NACC2017V.4 Section IV. Module 11. Cognitive and Mental

©NACC2017V.4 Section IV. Module 11. Cognitive and Mental

30. Burnout is: D

31. A stressor is: C

32. Conflict is: A

33. Catastrophic reactions involve:

34. Schizophrenia is characterized by delusions, hallucinations, disturbances in

36. Older adults are at risk for suicide:

37. The most common substance abused in Substance-Dependence Disorders is:

45. An ABI can be the result of: E

46. Symptoms of a head injury include: D

C Lack of inhibition (poor social judgement)

©NACC2017V.4 Section IV. Module 11. Cognitive and Mental

49. Mr. Carter is a 91-year-old long-term care resident and he thinks he is

53. A common sign or symptom of dementia is:

©NACC2017V.4 Section IV. Module 11. Cognitive and Mental

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