SELF-LEARNING MATERIAL 1 (Quarter 2)

MAPEH – MUSIC
Grade 10
Name: ________________________________________ Date: ________________
School: _______________________________________

Competency:
1. Describes the historical and cultural background of Afro-Latin American and
popular music MU10APIIa-g-22

Review/ Motivation:
African music has rich and diverse cultural heritage that exist in hundreds of
different languages. The music in Africa has the technique of “Call and Response” in which a
person leads by singing a phrase and followed and answered by a group of singers. They usually
perform by singing and using percussion instruments played either by hands or with sticks,
drums, and others.
This type of music is also used for communication to convey news, for teaching, for
telling a story, and for religious purposes including the Maracatu. African music is a collective
result of the cultural and musical diversity of the more than 50 ethnic divisions of the continent.
Listening to sample music of Afro-Latin American Popular music :
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ervb5BzDdm8
Discussion
Music of Africa
Music has always been an important part of the daily life of the African people, whether
for work, religion, ceremonies, or even communication. Singing, dancing, hand clapping and
the beating of drums are essential to many African ceremonies, including those for birth, death,
initiation, marriage, and funerals. Music and dance are also important to religious expressions
and political events.
However, because of the wide influence of African music on global music having
permeated contemporary American, Latin American, and European styles – there has been a
growing interest in its own cultural heritage and musical sources. Particular subjects of research
are its rhythmic structures and spiritual characteristics that have led to the birth of jazz forms.

African traditional music is largely functional in nature, used primarily in ceremonial

rites, such as birth, death, marriage, succession, worship, and spirit invocations. Others are
work related or social in nature, while many tradition societies view their music as
entertainment. African music has a basically interlocking structural format due mainly to its
overlapping and dense texture as well as its rhythmic complexity. Its many sources of
influence have produced such varied styles and genres as the following:

Afrobeat is a term used to describe the fusion of West African with black
American music.
Apala( Akpala ) is a musical genre from Nigeria in the Yoruba tribal style, used to
wake up the worshippers after fasting during the Muslim holy feast of Ramadan.
 Percussion instrumentation includes the rattle (sekere), thumb piano (agidigbo),
bell (agogo), and two or three talking drums.
Axe is a popular musical genre from Salvador, Bahia, and Brazil. It fuses the Afro-
Caribbean styles of the marcha, reggae, and calypso, and is played by carnival bands.
Jit is a hard and fast percussive Zimbabwean dance music played on drums with
guitar accompaniment, influenced by mbira-based guitar styles.
Jive is a popular form of South African music featuring a lively and uninhibited
variation of the jitterbug, a form of swing dance.
Juju is a popular music style from Nigeria that relies on the traditional Yoruba
rhythms, where the instruments are more Western in origin. A drum kit, keyboard, pedal
steel guitar, and accordion are used along with the traditional dun-dun (talking drum or
squeeze drum).
Kwassa Kwassa is a dance style begun in Zaire. In the late 1980s,it was
popularized by Kanda Bongo Man. In this dance style, the hips move back and forth while
the arms follow the hip movements.
Marabi is South African three-chord township music of the 1930s-1960s which
evolved into African jazz. It makes use of a keyboard style that combines American jazz,
ragtime, and blues with African roots. It is characterized by simple chords in varying
vamping patterns and repetitive harmony over an extended period of time to allow the
dancers more time on the dance floor.

Example

Activity 1.
Direction: Complete the statement by historical and cultural background of Afro-
Latin American and popular music.
1. The effect of wide influence of African music in global music having permeated
on contemporary American, Latin American, and European styles is that
____________________________________________________________.
Answer: The effect of wide influence of African music on global music having
permeated on contemporary American, Latin American, and European styles is
that there has been a growing interest in its own cultural heritage and musical
sources. Particular subjects of research are its rhythmic structures and spiritual
characteristics that have led to the birth of jazz forms,
Activity 2.
Direction: Afro-American music mainly has its overlapping and dense texture as
well as its rhythmic complexity. Its many sources of influence have produced such
varied styles and genres. Give historical description on each musical genre.
1. Afrobeat
Answer: Afrobeat is the fusion of West African with black American music.
 ACTIVITY FOR SELF-LEARNING MATERIAL 1 (Quarter 2)
MAPEH – MUSIC
Grade 10

Name: ________________________________________ Date: ________________

School: _______________________________________ Score: _______________

Competency:
1. Describes the historical and cultural background of Afro-Latin American and
popular music MU10APIIa-g-22

Activity 1. Direction: Complete the statement by historical and cultural background of Afro-Latin
American and popular music.
1. Music has always been an important part of the daily life of the African people
because________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________.
2. African traditional music is largely functional in nature because
_______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________.
3. The music in Africa always has the technique of “Call and Response” in which
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________.
4. Music and dance are also important to religious expressions and political events because
________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________.
5. Marabi is South African three-chord township music which is characterized by
________________________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________________.

Activity 2.
Direction: Afro-American music mainly has its overlapping and dense texture as
well as its rhythmic complexity. Its many sources of influence have produced such
varied styles and genres. Give historical description on each musical genre.
1. Kwasa-kwasa: ____________________________________________________________________________________
2. Juju: ________________________________________________________________________________________________
3. Jive: ________________________________________________________________________________________________
4. Axe: ________________________________________________________________________________________________
5. Apala: _____________________________________________________________________________________________