Republic of the Philippines

UNIVERSITY OF EASTERN PHILIPPINES

University Town, Northern Samar

COLLEGE of NURSING and ALLIED HEALTH SCIENCES

DRUG ANALYSIS
 NURSING
NAME OF DRUG SPECIFIC ACTION INDICATION CONTRAINDICATION DRUG INTERACTION ADVERSE REACTION SPECIFIC PRECAUTION
RESPONSIBILITIES
Generic Name: Thought to produce In general, Contraindicated in patients Barbiturates, CNS: agitation (IV), Avoid alcohol: Drinking Use caution when prescribing,
Acetaminophen analgesia by inhibiting acetaminophen is hypersensitive to drug. IV carbamazepine, hydantoins, anxiety, fatigue, headache, alcohol while taking preparing, and administering
prostaglandin and other used for the form is contraindicated in rifampin: High doses or insomnia, pyrexia acetaminophen can increase IVacetaminophen to avoid
Brand Name: substances that sensitize treatment of mild to patients with severe hepatic long-term use of these the risk of liver damage. dosing errors leading to
moderate pain and drugs may reduce accidental overdose and death.
Acephen, tylenol pain receptors. Drug impairment or severe active CV: HTN, hypotension,
reduction of fever. therapeutic effects and Don't take acetaminophen for
may relieve fever liver disease. enhance hepatotoxic effects peripheral edema, more than 10 days for pain, or Be careful not to confuse dose
Route: through central action in of acetaminophen. periorbital edema, more than 3 days for fever, in milligrams and dose in
1. PO the hypothalamic heat- tachycardia (IV). unless directed by a doctor. milliliters.
2. IV regulating center.
3. Rectal GI: nausea, vomiting, If you have liver disease, you Be sure to base dose on weight
may need to avoid or limit forpatients weighing less than
abdominal pain,
your use of acetaminophen. 50 kg. to properly program
Therapeutic class: diarrhea, constipation infusion pump, and to ensure
Analgesics (IV). Stick to the recommended that totaldaily dose of
GU: oliguria (V). dosage: Taking too much acetaminophen from all
Pharmacologic acetaminophen can be sources doesn't exceed
Class: Para- Hematologic: hemolytic dangerous, and can cause liver maximum daily limit.
aminophenol anemia, leukopenia, damage. The maximum daily
derivatives dose for adults is 4,000 mg per
neutropenia,
day, but it's best to stick to the
pancytopenia, anemia. lowest effective dose for the
Reference:
shortest amount of time.
Nursing 2021 Drug Hepatic: jaundice.
Handbook Acetaminophen is found in
Metabolic: many different types of
hypoalbuminemia (V), medications, including cold
and flu remedies, so it's
hypoglycemia,
important to check the labels
hypokalemia of all the products you're
hypervolemia taking to avoid accidentally
hypomagnesemia, exceeding the recommended
hypophosphatemia (V). dose.

Musculoskeletal: muscle
spasms - extremity pain
(V).

Respiratory: abnormal
breath sounds,
dyspnea, hypoxia,
atelectasis, pleural
effusion, pulmonary
edema, stridor, wheezing
(V).

Skin:
rash, urticaria; infusion-
 Republic of the Philippines
UNIVERSITY OF EASTERN PHILIPPINES
University Town, Northern Samar

COLLEGE of NURSING and ALLIED HEALTH SCIENCES

DRUG ANALYSIS
 NAME OF NURSING
SPECIFIC ACTION INDICATION CONTRAINDICATION DRUG INTERACTION ADVERSE REACTION SPECIFIC PRECAUTION
DRUG RESPONSIBILITIES
Generic Name: Unknown, A TCA that This drug is indicated for Contraindicated in patients Barbiturates: May increase CNS: stroke, seizures, Use cautiously in patients Monitor glucose level.
Amitriptyline increases the amount of the following conditions: hypersensitive to drug, in amitriptyline metabolism. coma, ataxia, tremor with history of seizures, urine
hydrochloride norepinephrine,  Major those who have received an Consider peripheral neuropathy, retention S angle-closure Watch for nausea headache,
(TCA) serotonin, or both in the depressive therapymodification glaucoma, orincreased IOP; and malaise after abrupt
MAOinhibitor within the anxiety, insomnia,
CNS byblocking their disorder in in those with withdrawal of long-term
past 14 days, and in the Cimetidine: May decrease restlessness, drowsiness, hyperthyroidism, CV disease, therapy; thesesymptoms don't
reuptake by the adults.
Brand Name: acute MI recovery phase. TCA metabolism, Monitor dizziness, 3 weakness, diabetes, or impaired liver indicate addiction.
presynaptic neurons.  Management of
Elavil neuropathic pain therapy. fatigue, headache, function;and in those
in adults. extrapyramidal reactions, receiving thyroid drugs Advise patient to take full
Route:  Prophylactic CNS depressants: May hallucinations, delusions, dose at bedtime when
1. PO treatment of enhance CNS depression. disorientation. Use cautiously in elderly possible; however caution
migraine in a Avoid using together. patients and in patients with patient that morning
adults. suicidal ideation orthostatic hypotension may
Disulfiram: May increase CV: orthostatic occur.
Therapeutic hypotension, tachycardia,
pharmacologic effects of Use cautiously in those
class: amitriptyline May cause heart block, receiving electroconvulsive Tell patient to avoid alcohol
Antidepressants acute organic arrhythmias, MI, ECG therapy. during drug therapy.
brainSyndrome. Monitor changes, HTN edema,
Pharmacologic patient. Stop amitriptyline palpitations, syncope. Advise patient to consult
Class: TCAs or decrease amitriptyline prescriber before taking other
dosage if an interactionis drugs
suspected. EENT: blurred vision,
Reference: mydriasis, increased IOP Warn patient to avoid
Nursing 2021 Epinephrine, tinnitus. activities that require
Drug Handbook norepinephrine: May alertness and psychomotor
increase hypertensive GI: dry mouth, nausea coordination until CNSeffects
effect. Use together vomiting, anorexia, of drug are known., m
cautiously. Drowsiness and dizziness
epigastric pain,
usually subside after a few
Fluoxetine, fluvoxamine, diarrhea, constipation, 3 weeks.
hormonal contraceptives, paralytic ileus.
paroxetine, sertraline:
Mayincrease TCA level. GU: urine retention,
Consider therapy altered libido, erectile
modification. dysfunction.
Linezolid, methylene blue:
May cause serotonin Hematologic:
syndrome. Avoid agranulocytosis,
combination. thrombocytopenia,
leukopenia, eosinophilia,
MAO inhibitors: May
cause Severe excitation,
Metabolic:
hyperpyrexia, or seizures,
usually with high doses. hypoglycemia,
Avoid using within 14 hyperglycemia
days of MAO inhibitor Skin: rash, urticaria,
therapy. photosensitivity
reactions, diaphoresis.
Quinolones: May increase
 Republic of the Philippines
UNIVERSITY OF EASTERN PHILIPPINES
University Town, Northern Samar

COLLEGE of NURSING and ALLIED HEALTH SCIENCES

DRUG ANALYSIS

NURSING
NAME OF DRUG SPECIFIC ACTION INDICATION CONTRAINDICATION DRUG INTERACTION ADVERSE REACTION SPECIFIC PRECAUTION
RESPONSIBILITIES
Generic Reduces uric acid Management of Contraindicated in patients Amoxicillin, ampicillin: GI: nausea, vomiting, This drug may make you Monitor uric acid level to
Name:Allopurinol production by inhibiting patients with sign hypersensitive to drug. May increase possibility of abdominal pain, diarrhea, drowsy. Alcohol or marijuana evaluate drug’s effectiveness.
xanthine oxidase. and symptoms of rash. can make you more drowsy.
Brand primary or Do not drive, use machinery, Monitor fluid intake and
GU: renal failure.
secondary gout, or do anything that needs output; daily urine output of at
Name:Aloprim
leukemia, alertness until you can do it least 2 L and maintenance of
lymphoma, and Musculoskeletal: acute safely. Alcohol may also neutral orslightly alkaline
Route: malignancies who gout attack. decrease the effectiveness of urine are desirable.
2. PO are receiving cancer this drug.
3. IV therapy which Skin: rash, maculopapular Periodically monitor CBC and
causes elevations of rash hepatic and renal function, 3
Therapeutic class: serum and urinary especially at start of therapy.
Antigout drugs uric acid levels.

Pharmacologic
Class: Xanthine
oxidase inhibitors

Reference:
Nursing 2021 Drug
Handbook

Drugbankonline

Republic of the Philippines

UNIVERSITY OF EASTERN PHILIPPINES
University Town, Northern Samar

COLLEGE of NURSING and ALLIED HEALTH SCIENCES

 DRUG ANALYSIS

NURSING
NAME OF DRUG SPECIFIC ACTION INDICATION CONTRAINDICATION DRUG INTERACTION ADVERSE REACTION SPECIFIC PRECAUTION
RESPONSIBILITIES
Generic Name: Inhibits cell-wall Amoxicillin alone Contraindicated in patients Hormonal contraceptives: CNS: seizures, anxiety, Patient with reduced urine Tell patient to take entire
Amoxicillin synthesis during is indicated to treat hypersensitive to drugor May decreasecontraceptive confusion, agitation, output, history of seizures, quantity of drug exactly as
bacterial multiplication. susceptible other penicillins. effectiveness. Advise use dizziness, reversible treated epilepsy or meningeal prescribed, even after feeling
Brand Name: bacterial infections ofadditional form of disorders; lymphatic leukemia. better
hyperactivity, anxiety,
of the ear, nose, contraception during Atopic individuals. Renal and
Amoxil insomnia, behavioral
throat, penicillin therapy. hepatic impairment. Instruct patient to take drug
genitourinary tract, changes. with or without food.
Route: skin, skin structure,
1. PO and lower GI: diarrhea, nausea, Tell patient to notify
respiratory tract. pseudomembranous prescriber if rash, fever, or
Therapeutic class: colitis, vomiting. chills develop. A rash is the
Antibiotics most common
allergic reaction, especially if
GU: allopurinol is also being taken
Pharmacologic interstitial nephritis,
Class: nephropathy. Tell parent to place drops
Aminopenicillins directly on child's tongue for
Hematologic: swallowing or add to formula,
Reference: agranulocytosis, milk fruit juice, water, ginger
Nursing 2021 Drug ale, or other cold drink for
leukopenia, S
Handbook immediate and complete
thrombocytopenia, consumption.
thrombocytopenic
Drugbankonline purpura, anemia,
eosinophilia, hemolytic
MIMS 2023 anemia.

Other:
anaphylaxis,
hypersensitivity reactions,
overgrowth of
nonsusceptible organisms.

Republic of the Philippines

UNIVERSITY OF EASTERN PHILIPPINES
University Town, Northern Samar

COLLEGE of NURSING and ALLIED HEALTH SCIENCES

DRUG ANALYSIS
 NURSING
NAME OF DRUG SPECIFIC ACTION INDICATION CONTRAINDICATION DRUG INTERACTION ADVERSE REACTION SPECIFIC PRECAUTION
RESPONSIBILITIES
Generic Name: Unknown Drug doesn't Burproprion is Contraindicated in patients Amantadine levodopa: CNS: abnormal dreams, Drinking alcoholic beverages Explain that excessive use of
Bupropion inhibit MAO, but it indicated for the hypersensitive to drug, in May increase risk of insomnia, headache, should be limited or avoided, alcohol, abrupt withdrawal
hydrochloride weakly inhibits treatment of major those who have taken MAO adverse reactions. If used sedation, tremor, agitation, if possible, with bupropion. from alcohol or
norepinephrine, depressive disorder, together,give small first This will help prevent othersedatives, and addiction
inhibitorswithin previous 14 dizziness, seizures,
dopamine, andserotonin seasonal affective doses of bupropion and seizures. This medicine may to cocaine, opiates, or
Brand Name: days, and in those with suicidal behavior anxiety,
reuptake Noradrenergic disorder, and as an increase dosage gradually cause some people to have a stimulants during therapy may
Forfivo XL aid to smoking seizure disorders or history confusion, delusions, false sense of wellbeing, or to increase risk ofseizures.
or dopaminergic of bulimia or euphoria, fever, hostility,
cessation. become drowsy, dizzy, or less Seizure risk is also increased
Route: mechanisms or both,
anorexianervosa because of a impaired alert than they are normally. in those using OTC stimulants,
1. PO may cause drug'seffect. in anorectics, and indiabetic
higher risk of Seizures. concentration, impaired
sleep quality, akinesia, patients using oral
Therapeutic class: antidiabetics or insulin.
Contraindicated in patients akathisia, fatigue,
Antidepressants abruptly stopping use of syncope, somnolence. Teach patient to recognize and
alcohol, sedatives (including immediately report symptoms
Pharmacologic benzodiazepines ), or CV: of serotonin toxicity (fever,
Class: antiepileptics. tachycardia, arrhythmias, mental status changes, muscle
Aminoketones hypotension, palpitations, twitching, excessive sweating,
chest pain. shivering or shaking,diarrhea,
Reference: S loss of coordination).
Nursing 2021 Drug EENT: blurred vision, Tell patient not to chew, crush,
Handbook rhinitis, auditory S or divide tablets.
disturbances, epistaxis,
Drugbankonline pharyngitis, sinusitis, dry Advise patient to consult
2023 mouth. prescriber before taking other
prescription or OTC drugs.
Gl: constipation,
Advise patient to avoid
nausea, vomiting, hazardous activities that
anorexia, taste require alertness and good
disturbance, dyspepsia, psychomotor coordination
diarrhea, abdominal pain, until effects of drug are
flatulence. known.

Tell patient that it may take 4

GU: erectile dysfunction, weeks or longer to reach full
menstrual complaints, antidepressant effect.
urinary frequency, urine
retention. Advise patient to report mood
Metabolic: swings or suicidal thoughts
increased appetite, weight immediately
loss, weight gain.
Inform patient that tablets may
have an odor.
Musculoskeletal: arthritis,
myalgia, arthralgia,
muscle spasm or twitch

Respiratory: upper
 Republic of the Philippines
UNIVERSITY OF EASTERN PHILIPPINES
University Town, Northern Samar

COLLEGE of NURSING and ALLIED HEALTH SCIENCES

DRUG ANALYSIS

NURSING
NAME OF DRUG SPECIFIC ACTION INDICATION CONTRAINDICATION DRUG INTERACTION ADVERSE REACTION SPECIFIC PRECAUTION
RESPONSIBILITIES
Generic Name: Inhibits protein Erythromycin is Contraindicated in patients Clindamycin (topical): EENT: minor ocular This medicine can cause Tell patient to clean eye area
Erythromycin synthesis; usually used to prevent and hypersensitive to drug. Topical erythromycin may irritations, redness. changes in heart rhythms, of excessive discharge before
bacteriostatic, but may treat infections in antagonize clindamycin's such as a condition called QT ophthalmic application,
Brand Name: Erygel bebactericidal in high many different effect. prolongation. It may change
Skin: burning, dryness,
concentrations or parts of the body, the way your heart beats and Teach patient how to apply
including pruritus, erythema, cause fainting or serious side drug and to wash hands
Route: against highly irritation,
respiratory tract effects in some patients. It before and after applying
1. Opthalmic susceptible organisms. oily skin, peeling,
infections, skin may also cause diarrhea, and ointment.
2. Topical infections, sensitivity reactions. in some cases it can be severe.
diptheria, intestinal Tell patient that vision may be
Therapeutic class: amebiasis, acute Other: hypersensitivity blurred for a few minutes
Antibiotics pelvic reactions. after applying ophthalmic
inflammatory ointment.
disease,
Pharmacologic Class:
Legionnaire’s Instruct patient to keep eyes
Macrolides disease, pertussis, closed for 1 to 2 minutes after
and syphilis. applying drug
Reference: Nursing
2021 Drug Handbook Advise patient to watch for
and report signs and
Mayoclinic 2023 symptoms of sensitivity
(itching lids, redness,swelling,
or constant burning of eyes or
skin),

Republic of the Philippines

UNIVERSITY OF EASTERN PHILIPPINES
University Town, Northern Samar

COLLEGE of NURSING and ALLIED HEALTH SCIENCES

DRUG ANALYSIS
 NURSING
NAME OF DRUG SPECIFIC ACTION INDICATION CONTRAINDICATION DRUG INTERACTION ADVERSE REACTION SPECIFIC PRECAUTION
RESPONSIBILITIES
Generic Name: Inhibits fungal CYP450 Fluconazole is used Contraindicated in patients Alprazolam, CNS: headache dizziness, This medicine may cause Monitor LFTs and discontinue
Fluconazole (responsible for fungal to treat serious hypersensitive to drug chlordiazepoxide, seizures. adrenal gland problems. It also drug if hepatic dysfunction
sterol synthesis); fungal or yeast clonazepam, clorazepate causes darkening of the skin, develops
Brand Name: weakens fungal cell infections, diazepam, diarrhea, dizziness, fainting,
Contraindicated with GI: nausea, vomiting,
walls. including vaginal estazolamflurazepam, loss of appetite, mental Closely monitor patients
Diflucan CYP3A4 substrates that may abdominal pain, diarrhea,
candidiasis, midazolam, quazepam, depression, nausea, skin rash, whodevelop mild rash. Stop
oropharyngeal lead to QT-interval dyspepsia, unusual tiredness or weakness, drug if lesions progress
Route: prolongation(astemizole, triazolam: Fluconazole taste perversion.
candidiasis, or vomiting.
1. PO may increase levels of
esophageal erythromycin, pimozide, Use cautiously in patients with
2. IV candidiasis, other these drugsand may cause renal impairment. Monitor
quinidine), Skin: rash
candida infections, increased CNS depression renal function during
or fungal and psychomotor treatment;dosage adjustment
Therapeutic class:
meningitis. This impairment. may be necessary.
Antifungals
medicine works by
killing the fungus Monitor potassium level.
Pharmacologic or yeast, or
Class: Triazoles preventing its Tell patient to take drug as
growth. directed even after feeling
Reference: better
Nursing 2021 Drug
Handbook Instruct patient to report all
adverse reactions promptly.
Mayoclinic 2023

Republic of the Philippines

UNIVERSITY OF EASTERN PHILIPPINES
University Town, Northern Samar

COLLEGE of NURSING and ALLIED HEALTH SCIENCES

DRUG ANALYSIS
 NURSING
NAME OF DRUG SPECIFIC ACTION INDICATION CONTRAINDICATION DRUG INTERACTION ADVERSE REACTION SPECIFIC PRECAUTION
RESPONSIBILITIES
Generic Name: May be related to Labetalol HCL is Contraindicated in patients Beta agonists: May blunt CNS: dizziness, fatigue - Labetalol should be used with Monitor BP frequently Drug
Labetalol reduced peripheral indicated for hypersensitive to drug or its bronchodilator effect of headache, paresthesia, caution in patients with masks common signs and
hydrochloride vascular resistance, as a control of blood components and in those these drugs in patients transient scalp tingling, impaired hepatic function symptoms of shock.
result of alpha and beta pressure in severe withbronchospasm. May since metabolism of the drug
with bronchial syncope, vertigo,
blockade hypertension. need to increase dosages of may be diminished. Keep patient supine while
Brand Name: asthma (history of asthenia, somnolence.
these drugs. patient is receiving IV therapy
Trandate obstructive airway disease), Monitor BP closely before
overt HE greater than first- Cardiac glycosides: May CV: edema, orthostatic allowingpatient to ambulate.
Route: degree heart block increase risk of hypotension, flushing,
1. PO (except in patients with a bradycardia, Monitor ventricular arrhythmias. In diabetic patients, monitor
2. IV functioning pacemaker), therapy glucose level closely because
beta blockers may mask
cardiogenic shock, severe EENT: nasal congestion
Cimetidine: May enhance certainsigns and symptoms of
Therapeutic class: bradycardia, and
labetalol's effect. 3 Use hypoglycemia.
Antihypertensives other conditions that may GI: nausea, vomiting,
together cautiously.
cause severe and prolonged dyspepsia, taste distortion. Advise patient to take drug in
Pharmacologic hypotension. CV drugs, diuretics: May a consistent manner with
Class: Alpha-beta increase hypotensive GU: sexual regard to meals.
blockers effects. a Monitor BP dysfunction, urine
Inform patientthat dizziness
retention.
Reference: Halothane: May increase can be minimized by rising
hypotensive effect. Monitor slowly and avoiding sudden
Nursing 2021 Drug Respiratory:
BP closely. position changes.
Handbook bronchospasm, dyspnea,
Insulin, oral antidiabetics: wheezing.
May alter dosage
requirements in previously Skin: rash,
stabilized diabetic increased sweating,
patient. Monitor patient
pruritus.
closely.

Nitroglycerin: May blunt

reflex tachycardia
produced by nitroglycerin
but not the hypotension,
Monitor BP if used
together.

NSAIDS: May decrease

antihypertensive effects.
Monitor BP

TCAs: May increase

incidence of tremor. a
Monitor patient for tremor.
 Republic of the Philippines
UNIVERSITY OF EASTERN PHILIPPINES
University Town, Northern Samar

COLLEGE of NURSING and ALLIED HEALTH SCIENCES

DRUG ANALYSIS
 NURSING
NAME OF DRUG SPECIFIC ACTION INDICATION CONTRAINDICATION DRUG INTERACTION ADVERSE REACTION SPECIFIC PRECAUTION
RESPONSIBILITIES
Generic Name: Causes decreased Lisinopril is Contraindicated in patients Aliskiren: May increase CNS: dizziness, headache This medicine may cause Monitor BP frequently If drug
Lisinopril production of indicated for the hypersensitive to ACE risk of renal impairment, fatigue, paresthesia, serious types of allergic doesn't adequately control BP
angiotensin II and treatment of acute inhibitors and in those with a hypotension S and syncope. reactions, including diuretics may be added.
Brand Name: suppression of the myocardial hyperkalemia indiabetic anaphylaxis. Anaphylaxis can
history of
RAAS. infarction, patients and those with be life-threatening and Monitor WBC with
Prinivil angioedema related to CV: orthostatic
hypertension, and moderate to severe renal requires immediate medical differential counts before
as an adjunct previous treatment with ACE hypotension, attention. therapy, every 2 weeks for
Route: inhibitor. impairment (GFR less than hypotension, chest pain. a
therapy for heart first 3 months oftherapy, and
1. PO 60mL/minute).
failure. periodically thereafter.
Concomitant use is
EENT: nasal congestion.
contraindicated in diabetic Monitor serum potassium
Therapeutic class:
patients. level periodically.
Antihypertensives GI: diarrhea, nausea,
Allopurinol: May cause dyspepsia. Tell patient that light-
Pharmacologic hypersensitivity reaction. a
headedness can occur,
Class: ACE Use together cautiously. GU: especially during first few
Inhibitors impaired renal function, days of therapy, to rise slowly
Azathioprine: May increase
impotence to minimize this effect, and to
risk of anemia or
Reference: report symptoms to prescriber.
leukopenia. Monitor
Nursing 2021 Drug If fainting occurs, advise
hematologic studies if used Metabolic: hyperkalemia
Handbook patient to stop drug and call
together.
prescriber immediately.
Respiratory: dyspnea; dry,
Diuretics, thiazide persistent, tickling, If unpleasant adverse reactions
diuretics: May cause
nonproductive cough. occur, tell patient not to stop
excessive hypotension with
drug suddenly but to
diuretics. a Monitor BP
Skin: rash. notifyprescriber.
closely.
Advise patient to report signs
Indomethacin NSAIDS: Other: angioedema and symptoms of infection,
May reduce hypotensive
such as fever and sore throat.
effects of drug. Adjust dose
as needed.

Insulin oral antidiabetics:

May cause hypoglycemia,
especially at start of
lisinopril therapy.
Monitor glucose level. A

Lithium: May cause

lithium toxicity Monitor
lithium levels

Neprilysin inhibitors
(sacubitril): May increase
risk of angioedema Use
together is
contraindicated. Don't give
lisinopril within 36 hours
of switching to or from
 Republic of the Philippines
UNIVERSITY OF EASTERN PHILIPPINES
University Town, Northern Samar

COLLEGE of NURSING and ALLIED HEALTH SCIENCES

DRUG ANALYSIS
 NURSING
NAME OF DRUG SPECIFIC ACTION INDICATION CONTRAINDICATION DRUG INTERACTION ADVERSE REACTION SPECIFIC PRECAUTION
RESPONSIBILITIES
Generic Name: Inhibits proton pump Omeprazole is used Contraindicated in patients Ampicilln esters azole CNS: asthenia, dizziness, Serious stomach conditions Periodically assess patient for
Omeprazole activity by binding to to treat certain hypersensitive to drug or its anufungals (such as headache. may occur while taking this osteoporosis.
magnesium hydrogen -potassium conditions where components and in patients Ketoconazole), erlotinib medicine alone or together
adenosine there is too much ironderivatives, nilotinib: with antibiotic. It can also Monitor patient for signs and
receiving GI: abdominal pain,
triphosphatase,located at acid in the stomach. May cause poor cause stomach cramps, bloated symptoms of acute interstitial
Brand Name: rilpivirine-containing constipation, diarrhea,
secretory surface of It is used to treat bioavailability of these feeling, watery and severe nephritis
Losec gastric and products. drugs because they need a flatulence, diarrhea which may also be
gastric parietal cells, to nausea vomiting, acid
duodenal ulcers, low gastric PH for optimal bloody sometimes, fever, Discontinue drug if signs or
Route: suppress gastric acid
erosive esophagitis, absorption. Avoid using regurgitation. nausea or vomiting, or unusual symptoms of cutaneous lupus
1. PO secretion and together. tiredness or weakness. erythematosus or SLE
gastroesophageal Musculoskeletal: back develop; referpatient to the
Therapeutic class: reflux disease. Atazanavir, nelfinavir: May appropriate specialist for
pain, weakness,
decrease plasma evaluation.
Antiulcer drugs
concentrations of these
drugs, possibly resulting Respiratory: Give patient instructions on
Pharmacologic inloss of therapeutic effect. cough, URI. Skin: rash. how to take oral suspension
Class: PPIs
Benzodiazepines Instruct patient to take drug at
Reference: (metabolized by hepatic least 30 to 60 minutes before
Nursing 2021 Drug oxidation), fosphenytoin, meals.
Handbook phenytoin, warfarin:
Maydecrease hepatic Caution patient to avoid
clearance, possibly leading hazardous activities if
Mayoclinic 2023 to increased levels of these dizziness occurs.
drugs. Monitor druglevels.

Bisphosphonates: May
decrease therapeutic effect
of bisphosphonates.
Monitor therapy.

Calcium salts: May

decrease GI absorption of
calcium salts. Closely
monitor clinical
responseand increase
calcium dosage if needed.

Cilostazol: May increase

cilostazol level, Reduce
cilostazol dosage

Clopidogrel: May decrease

antiplatelet activity. Avoid
use together,

Cyclosporine: May
increase cyclosporine
serum concentration.
Monitor cyclosporine
 Republic of the Philippines
UNIVERSITY OF EASTERN PHILIPPINES
University Town, Northern Samar

COLLEGE of NURSING and ALLIED HEALTH SCIENCES

DRUG ANALYSIS

NURSING
NAME OF DRUG SPECIFIC ACTION INDICATION CONTRAINDICATION DRUG INTERACTION ADVERSE REACTION SPECIFIC PRECAUTION
RESPONSIBILITIES
Generic Name: Inhibits cell-wall Is used to treat Contraindicated in patients Aminoglycosides: Physical CNS: neuropathy This can cause black, tarry Monitor patient for diarrhea.
Penicillin synthesis during bacterial infections. hypersensitive to drug or and chemical stools, blistering, peeling,
GBenzathine bacterial multiplication. It is also used to other penicillins. incompatibility . Give GI: pseudomembranous loosening of the skin, chest Tell patient to report adverse
prevent rheumatic separately pain, chills, cough, diarrhea, reactions promptly.
colitis, enterocolitis,
fever, chorea, fever, itching, joint or muscle
Brand Name: nausea, vomiting.
rheumatic heart Live-virus vaccines: May pain, painful or difficult Inform patient that fever and
Bicillin L-A disease, or acute decrease effectiveness of urination, red irritated eyes, increased WBC count are the
glomerulonephritis. live-virus vaccines. Avoid GU: red skin lesions, often with a most common reactions.
Route: This medicine is an concurrent use. Nephropathy purple center, sore throat,
1. IM antibiotic. It works sores, ulcers, or white spots in Warn patient that IM injection
by killing bacteria Methotrexate: May Hematologic: them mouth or on the lips, may be painful but that ice
Therapeutic class: or preventing their increase risk of swollen glands, trouble applied to the site may
agranulocytosis,
Antiobiotics growth. methotrexate toxicity. breathing, unusual bleeding or easediscomfort.
Monitor patient closely. leukopenia, bruising, or unusual tiredness
thrombocytopenia, or weakness.
Pharmacologic Probenecid: May increase eosinophilia,
Class: Natural penicillin level. Probenecid hemolytic anemia.
Penicillins may be used for this
purpose. Skin: exfoliative
Reference: dermatitis, maculopapular
Nursing 2021 Drug Tetracycline: May
antagonize penicillin G rash.
Handbook
benzathine effects. Avoid
using together. Other: anaphylaxis,
Mayoclinic 2023 hypersensitivity reactions,
Warfarin: May increase sterile abscess at injection
anticoagulant effects Site.
Monitor therapy.

Republic of the Philippines

UNIVERSITY OF EASTERN PHILIPPINES
University Town, Northern Samar

COLLEGE of NURSING and ALLIED HEALTH SCIENCES

DRUG ANALYSIS
 NURSING
NAME OF DRUG SPECIFIC ACTION INDICATION CONTRAINDICATION DRUG INTERACTION ADVERSE REACTION SPECIFIC PRECAUTION
RESPONSIBILITIES
Generic Name: May stabilize neuronal Phenytoin is Contraindicated in patients Drug-drug CNS: ataxia, decreased Phenytoin may cause heart Carefully monitor cardiac
Phenytoin membranes and limit indicated to treat hypersensitive to hydantoin, Acetaminophen: May coordination, mental problems, including a slow status during and after IV
seizure activity either by grand mal seizures, in those taking delavirdine, - decrease the therapeutic confusion, slurred speech, heartbeat. It can also cause administration.
Brand Name: increasing efflux complex partial effects of acetaminophen pain or tenderness in the upper
and inthose with a history of dizziness, headache
ordecreasing influx of seizures, and to andincrease the incidence stomach, pale stools, dark Tell patient to report all
Dilantin-125 prior acute hepatotoxicity insomnia, nervousness,
sodium ions across cell prevent and treat of hepatotoxicity Monitor urine, loss of appetite, nausea, adverse reactions and to notify
seizures during or attributable to phenytoin. for toxicity. twitching, peripheral vomiting, or yellow eyes or prescriber 1t rash develops.
Route: membranes in the motor Parenteral phenytoinis also neuropathy, vertigo.
following skin.
1. PO cortex during generation
neurosurgery. contraindicated in patients Amiodarone Advise patient and caregivers
2. IV ofnerve impulses. antihistamines, to immediately report changes
with sinus bradycardia, SA CV: bradycardia,
3. IM block, second- or third- chloramphenicol, periarteritis in behavior that may indicate
cimetidine cycloserine, worsening of suicidal thoughts
degree AVblock, or Adams- nodosa, hypotension, CV
diazepam,fluconazole or behavior or depression
Therapeutic class: Stokes syndrome shock.
isoniazid metronidazole,
Anticonvulsants
omeprazole, Advise patient to avoid
Use cautiously in patients phenylbutazone, EENT: diplopia, driving and other potentially
Pharmacologic with hepatic dysfunction, salicylates,sulfonamides, nystagmus, blurred vision, hazardous activities that
Class: hypotension, myocardial ticlopidine valproate: May thickening of require mental alertness until
Hydantoinderivative insufficiency, -diabetes, or increase phenytoin activity facial features. drug CNS effects are known.
s and toxicity Monitorpatient
respiratory depression; in
for toxicity and adjust
elderly or debilitated dosage as needed. GI: gingival hyperplasia,
Reference: Nursing patients; and in those nausea, vomiting,
2021 Drug receiving otherhydantoin constipation
Handbook derivatives. Atracurium,
cisatracuriumpancuronium Hematologic:
Mayoclinic 2023 a rocuroniumvecuronium:
agranulocytosis,
May decrease theeffects of
leukopenia, pancytopenia,
nondepolarizing muscle
thrombocytopenia,
relaxant. May need to
increase the macrocythemia,
nondepolarizing megaloblastic
musclerelaxant dose anemia.

Hepatic: toxic hepatitis.

Metabolic:
hyperglycemia.

Musculoskeletal:
osteomalacia.

Skin: SJS, toxic epidermal

necrolysis, S bullous or
purpuric dermatitis,
discoloration of skin if
given by IV push in back
of hand, exfoliative
 Republic of the Philippines
UNIVERSITY OF EASTERN PHILIPPINES
University Town, Northern Samar

COLLEGE of NURSING and ALLIED HEALTH SCIENCES

DRUG ANALYSIS
 NURSING
NAME OF DRUG SPECIFIC ACTION INDICATION CONTRAINDICATION DRUG INTERACTION ADVERSE REACTION SPECIFIC PRECAUTION
RESPONSIBILITIES
Generic Name: Inhibits HMG -C0A Pravastatin is Contraindicated in patients Drug -drug. Azole CNS: dizziness, S fatigue This causes headache, Monitor patient for fatigue
Pravastatin sodium reductase an early (and indicated for primary hypersensitive to drug and in antifungals (fluconazole, headache. stomach pain, vomiting, dark- and severe signs or symptoms
(Statin) rate-limiting) step in prevention of those with active liver ketoconazole), colored urine, loss of appetite, affecting muscles. a Evaluate
cholesterol biosynthesis coronary events erythromycin, fibric acid weight loss, general feeling of patient for conditions that
disease orconditions that CV: chest pain.
hypercholesterolemi derivatives(gemfibrozil)., tiredness or weakness, light- increase risk of muscle
Brand Name: cause unexplained, persistent
c patients without niacin: May increase risk colored stools, upper right problems and obtain CK and
Pravachol clinical evidence of elevations of transaminase of severe myopathy or EENT: rhinitis. stomach pain, or yellow eyes creatinine levels and urinalysis
coronary heart levels rhabdomyolysis. Avoid or skin. for myoglobinuria. Drug may
Route: disease. Its use usingtogether. GI: nausea abdominal need to be withheld or
1. PO includes the Use cautiously in patients pain, discontinued.
reduction of risk on who consume large Cholestyramine, colestipol: constipation, diarrhea,
Therapeutic class: myocardial May decrease pravastatin Tell patient to notify
quantities of alcohol or have flatulence, heartburn,
infarction, level. Give pravastatin 1 prescriber of adverse
Antilipemics history of liverdisease. vomiting.
undergoing hour before or 4hours after reactions, particularly muscle
myocardial these drugs. aches and pains.
Pharmacologic revascularization GU: renal failure caused
Class: HMG-CoA procedures and Clarithromycin: May by Inform patient that LFTs will
reductase inhibitors cardiovascular increase pravastatin level, a myoglobinuria,urinary be performed before and
mortality. Limit pravastatin to 40 mg abnormality. periodically throughout
Reference: once daily. treatment.
Nursing 2021 Drug Hepatic: elevated liver
Colchicine: May increase Tell patient to promptly report
Handbook enzyme levels.
risk of signs and symptoms of liver
myopathy/rhabdomyolysis. injury, including fatigue,
Mayoclinic 2023 Consider therapy Musculoskeletal: localized anorexia, right upper quadrant
modification muscle pain, discomfort, dark urine, or
rhabdomyolysis, myalgia, jaundice
Cyclosporine: May
myopathy, myositis.
increase pravastatin level Tell patient to promptly report
and pravastatin-related any unexplained muscle pain,
adverse reactions Respiratory: common tenderness, or weakness,
Ifconcomitant use can t be cold, cough. Skin: rash. especially if accompanied by
avoided, begin therapy malaise or fever or if
Other: flulike symptoms, symptoms persist after
with pravastatin 10 mg
influenza. discontinuing drug.
once daily at bedtimeand
titrate to higher doses with
caution, Most patients
received a maximum dose
of pravastatin20 mg daily.

Alert: Darunavir and

ritonavir, lopinavir-
ritonavir: May increase
pravastatin level and riskof
myopathy and
rhabdomyolysis. Use
together cautiously.

Fenofibrate: May increase

risk of muscle pain and
 Republic of the Philippines
UNIVERSITY OF EASTERN PHILIPPINES
University Town, Northern Samar

COLLEGE of NURSING and ALLIED HEALTH SCIENCES

DRUG ANALYSIS
 NURSING
NAME OF DRUG SPECIFIC ACTION INDICATION CONTRAINDICATION DRUG INTERACTION ADVERSE REACTION SPECIFIC PRECAUTION
RESPONSIBILITIES
Generic Name: Hasn't been established - Use as Contraindicated in patients Aspirin, erythromycin, CNS: asthenia, dizziness, Valproic acid may cause Tell patient to take drug with
Valproic acid Activity in epilepsy is monotherapy or hypersensitive to drug and in felbamate: May cause drowsiness, headache, serious allergic reactions food or milk to reduce adverse
thought to be related to adjunctive therapy those with hepatic disease or valproic acid toxicity Use insomnia, nervousness, affecting multiple body GI effects
Brand Name: increased in the management togethercautiously and organs. And causes fever, dark
significant hepatic somnolence, tremor
brainconcentrations of of complex partial monitor drug level. urine, headache, rash, stomach Advise patient not to chew
Depakene dysfunction, and in patients abnormal thinking,
GABA. seizures and simple pain, swollen lymph glands in capsules; irritation of mouth
or complex absence with a urea cycle disorder Benzodiazepines, other amnesia, ataxia, the neck, armpit, or groin, and throat may result.
Route: seizures. (UCD). CNS depressants: May depression, - emotional unusual tiredness, or yellow
1. PO cause excessive CNS upset, fever, abnormal eyes or skin. Tell patient that sprinkle
2. IV Adjunctive therapy depression. Avoid dreams. capsules may be either
in the management usingtogether. swallowed whole or carefully
Therapeutic class: of multiple seizure opened andcontents sprinkled
CV:
types that include Carbamazepine: May cause on a teaspoonful of soft food.
Anticonvulsants chest pain, edema, HTN.
absence seizures. carbamazepine CNS Tell patient to swallow
toxicity; may decrease hypotension, tachycardia, immediately withoutchewing.
Pharmacologic Prophylaxis of valproic acid level palpitations.
Class: Carboxylic migraine andcause loss of seizure
acid derevatives headaches. control. Use together EENT: blurred vision,
cautiously, if at all. diplopia,
Reference: Acute management Monitor patient for
nystagmus, pharyngitis,
Nursing 2021 Drug of mania associated seizureactivity and toxicity
with bipolar during therapy and for at rhinitis, tinnitus.
Handbook
disorder. least 1 month after
stopping either drug. GI: abdominal pain,
Drugbacnkonline anorexia, diarrhea,
2023 Carbapenem antibiotics dyspepsia,
(ertapenem, imipenem, nausea vomiting,
meropenem): May decrease
pancreatitis, constipation,
valproic acid leveland
cause loss of seizure increased appetite
control. Consider
alternative antimicrobial GU: UTI vaginitis,
agent. Monitor dysmenorrhea, dysuria,
levelsclosely. urinary frequency, urinary
incontinence
Estrogen-containing
hormonal contraceptives:
May decrease valproate Hematologic: bone
concentration andincrease marrow
seizure frequency. Monitor suppression, hemorrhage,
valproate level and clinical thrombocytopenia,
response bruising, petechiae
Fosphenytoin, phenytoin:
May increase or decrease Hepatic: hepatotoxicity
phenytoin level; may Metabolic:
decrease valproatelevel, hyperammonemia, weight
Monitor patient closely. gain or loss.

Lamotrigine: May increase Musculoskeletal: back and