Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Department of Education
Region III
Division of Pampanga
San Pedro National High School
San Simon, Pampanga
Practical Research 1
Andaya, Billy
Alfaro, Catlynn
Caliwag, Perly
Dungca, Joni
March 2022
ii
Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION..............................................................................................................
Background of the Study....................................................................................................
Review of Related Literature..............................................................................................
Theoretical Framework.......................................................................................................
Assumption.........................................................................................................................
Statement of the problem....................................................................................................
Significance of the Study....................................................................................................
Scope and delimitation........................................................................................................
Definition of Terms...........................................................................................................
List of References.............................................................................................................
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INTRODUCTION
In the past three years, the world has experienced a global pandemic that affects the
life of every individual. It is very tough and complicated for everyone to communicate and to
interact with each other because of the infectious disease caused by pandemic. In this case,
education is one of the most affected. The schools from primary up to senior high, even the
colleges and universities are temporarily closed. As a result, it became difficult for students to
In today's generation blended learning is the most appropriate way that the schools
adopting right now. (Horn and Staker, 2011) define blended learning as “any time a student
learns at least in part at a super viced brick and mortar location away from home and at least
in part through online delivery with some element of students control over time, place, path,
and or pace”. This kind of educational set-up is very crucial. As a result, students and
teachers need to be more flexible and skilled in different aspects of learning. This may be
difficult for them to know everything that they need to learn and accomplish because of the
face with any mix of online distance learning, modular distance learning, and TV/Radio-
based Instruction. It is designed to enable the schools to limit face-to-face learning, ensure
social distancing, and decrease the volume of people outside the home at any given time.
Higher education, as well as middle and secondary education, have all embraced
blended learning. Many experts and teachers praised blended learning because it blends the
benefits of face-to-face classroom learning with online learning to provide the most effective
learning outcomes, increase their motivation, and help them achieve their learning goals.
According to (Bouilheres et al., 2020), peer engagement, lectures and contents, and
the overall learning experiences revealed that the blended learning environment positively
impacts the students. In support of this, the University of Dandee (n.d., as cited by OSullivan,
2020) found that blended learning is more convenient than a classroom setting. It manifests
positive effects on the students’ performance in reading, writing, critical thinking, arts, music,
and health. However, (National Indian Students and Alumni Union [NISAU-UK] UK, 2020)
found that almost 40 percent of Indian students expressed dissatisfaction and desire that the
In this study, the researchers aim to determine the challenges and issues experienced
Even before the crisis arises in the Philippines, blended learning already exists in our
country.(Morales, 2013) stated that it started in the Center for Blended Learning in Cubao
way back in 2007. It offered enhancement and different activities to their students. They
discover the effectiveness of blended learning and turn it into regular classes as requests by
Joanne Tupas-Parsons, the after-school center's pioneer. Therefore, it leads to the creation of
a combined classroom and homeschooling arrangement that is now called blended learning.
Blended Learning clearly. In the article of (Aguinaldo, 2013), 20th century blended learning
was expressed through employing the union of both online and face-to-face learning.
Moreover, the Department of Education (as cited by Custodio, 2020) gives a viewpoint on
blended learning as a merging of printed materials and online distance learning that can be
The Department of Education (as cited by Llego, 2020) gives blended learning
features that can be characterized through a combination of face-to-face and online learning
that can be done using modules, worksheets, activity sheets, and gadgets. Furthermore, they
also employ television and radio-based instructions. These methods of Blended Learning
values the education technology tools which prove to help learners and teachers turn
classroom setting through the use of its features and make the learners student centered and
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constructivist (Brioso, 2017). Blended Education was already used a long time ago, as the
DepEd Secretary Leonor Briones said (2020, as cited by Rodriguez, 2020). Thus, it is
adopted by applying learning tools, methodologies, online and offline tools, and the DepEd
Commons, which was their digital platform, to attain a particular goal. Also, (Tus, 2020)
elaborated that the school with its teachers must keep them motivated and challenge them to
Blended Learning offered opportunities for the uplifted access to knowledge, social
interaction, richness and flexibility, cost efficiency, personal agency, and improved
outcomes. However, the funders and the people and organizations or groups behind its
implication have little awareness about the related challenges ahead (Gilmour, 2020). One of
the critical problems is the literacy in using technology as not all digital resources are easy to
use and reliable (Hunt, 2016). Also, (Shraim and Khlaif, 2010) found in their research that
the failure of 72% of teachers and 75% of students in e-learning and blended learning are due
to the inadequacy in skills and experiences to ICT based learning using computer and internet
applications. Yet, it is essential to note that time management and computer literacy are
pivotal and meaningful in the context of distance learning and online classes (Rovai, 2014).
Also, (Priscila, 2020) said that workload in the early stage of blended learning is another
problem, given that the process of switching to a new method when a learner is accustomed
learners' hours of employment interfere with the learners' learning process (Cohen et al.,
2012). In addition to that, (Packham et al., 2004) observed that time conflict regarding family
issues,management support, and employment status turned out to be a common factor why
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students fail and dropout. Thus, esteem needs and personal worth would help them do their
Also, poor internet connection has to lead to frustrations and negative impacts on
2015). According to the (Challenges of Blended Learning Models, 2015), blended learning
requires using a computer, tablet, or laptop that needs an internet connection. However, the
implementation and maintenance of this program are expensive for everyone. Moreover,
various countries still report a digital divide wherein, when considering the internet
connection, several children do not have enough means to access the internet, especially
those in the rural areas or areas with a high poverty rate (Barbour et al., n.d).
Another is pushing students to work independently using computers, but the problem
is how to ensure that students really learned. Numerous computer-based projects permit the
students to speed through the prerequisites without genuinely acing the substance or aptitudes
they need to succeed (Barnett & Farrah, 2019). Also, (Winstead, n.d) said that learners fall
behind the course flow as of the use of lecture recording as the means of teaching. In an
article entitled Disadvantages for Blended Learning (n.d), research was conducted across four
different universities. The result showed that not all students put an effort to watch the video
of their lessons or follow the right schedule of watching the videos sent to them. In fact, only
half of the students watched the lecture videos regularly, and nearly 40% of students watched
several videos in one sitting when, in reality, it must be done for several weeks. Furthermore,
(Kenney & Newcombe, 2010) said that another challenge was getting students involved in
the new format as some of the doubts and not used to self-paced learning. So, to keep up and
learn effectively, learning needs to seek conducive support from teachers and peers through
Theoretical Framework
Engagement Theory
Alavi, Norman, and Borkowski, 1995; Kearsley, 1997) is that students must be meaningfully
engaged in learning activities through interaction with others and worthwhile tasks. By
“social interaction and collaboration are essential; that learners become involved in a
“community of practice”; and that all students should engage in activities that involve active
Although engagement could occur without the use of technology, they believe that
technology can facilitate all aspects of engagement in ways which are difficult to achieve
otherwise. The use of email, chat, online discussions conferencing, and videoconferencing
can significantly increase the extent, and ease of interaction and the kind of creativity and
This theory is associated in this study because it emphasizes the positive role that
technology can play in students’ learning. Technology plays a vital role in obtaining the
Stress Theory
This theory states that stress leads to less well-being and an increased likelihood of
developing anxiety or depression. Additionally, students who have academic stress tend to do
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poorly in school. This shows how this stress can keep students from doing as well as they
could (Pascoe, 2019). Moreover, different things cause stress in different people. Some of the
things students commonly cite as causes of stress include: examinations; deadlines; returning
to study; changing the leaning environment; pressure of combining paid work and study;
This theory is related to this study because academic stress is one of the common
Assumption
The focus of this study is the challenges and issues experienced by the selected Senior
1. Students have different reactions and ways in handling the challenges of blended
learning.
2. The students’ performance can be affected by the ways and mode of having
blended learning.
3. Blended learning can cause more difficulties and problems for students.
The purpose of this study is to determine the challenges and issues experienced by the
selected Senior High School students of San Pedro National High School.
1. What are the personal experiences of selected Senior High School students in
2. How do students overcome the challenges and issues in blended learning modality?
This study will be conducted to determine the challenges and issues experienced by
the selected Senior High School students of San Pedro National High School.
Teacher
This study will provide hands on information about the effects on blended learning
upon the lives of his/her student and somehow help the teacher find ways on how to assist,
Students
This study will provide a vivid view of what the students will go through out their
learning journey in education not to discourage them but to give a challenge to do the best of
their abilities never to give up but keep on striving hard to get high grades.
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Parents
This study will help parents understand better their role as parents-teacher to their
children and their obligation to provide financial, moral, and intellectual support especially in
Future Researchers
This study will serve as a body of information that will be significant for the future
This study aims to determine the challenges and issues experienced by the selected
The data that the researchers are going to gather, through questionnaire are the personal
experiences of students in blended learning modality. This examination will be given to the
chosen ten grade 11 Senior High School students of San Pedro National High School.
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Definition of Terms
Academic Stress - the body's response to academic-related demands that exceed adaptive
learning so that instruction occurs both in the classroom and online, and where the online
component becomes a natural extension of traditional classroom learning (Colis & Moonen,
2001).
Face-to-Face Learning - learning delivery modality where the students and the teacher are
both physically present in the classroom, and there are opportunities for active engagement,
Modular Learning - Modular Learning is learners‟ learning at their own pace, in their own
Online Learning - It features the teacher facilitating learning and engaging learners’ active
participation using various technologies accessed through the internet while they are
List of References
A.P. Rovai, H.M. Jordan(2004), International Review of Research in Open and Distance
Learning.
tution Using a Bricolage Approach Model. International Journal of Information and Educa-
tion Technology.
Christensen, C., Horn, M., & Staker, H. (2013). Is K–12 blended learning disruptive? An In-
Custodio, A. (2020, July 24). Blended learning is the new normal in Philippine education.
Gilmour, J. (2020). What are the challenges of implementing blended learning in adult educa-
tion?.ProLiteracy.
Hunt, V. (2016). Pros and cons of blended learning at college. Elearning Industry.
12
I. S. Utami (2018) The effect of blended learning model on senior high school students’
Llego, M.A. (2020). DepEd Learning Delivery Modalities for School Year 2021-2022.
Morales, I. (2012, July 18). Blended Learning: Education Beyond the Classroom. Rappler.
Packham, G., Jones, P., Miller, C., & Thomas, B. (2004). E-learning and retention key factors
Priscila. (2020, July 8). Blended learning—the best of both worlds? Advantages and disad-
Rodriguez, A.R. (2020, June 9). DepEd adopts blended learning. Philippine Information
Agency.
Rovai, A. P. (2003). In search of higher persistence rates in distance education online pro-
grams.
Tus, J. (2019). Students’ Personality, Self-Efficacy, and Its Impact on the Academic Perfor-
mance of the Senior High School Students. Electronic Research Journal of Social Sciences
and Humanities.