Level - 3 JEE Advanced++ Pattern/Solutions

10 5
101. (i) A  m, v max  5m /s, a max  m /s 2
 2
5 3 5 3
(ii) s m, v  2.5m /s, a  m /s 2
 4
(i) From the graph T = 4s and v max  5m/s
 2  5T 5  4 10
A  5m/s   A 5  A    m
 T  2 2 
 
2
 10 5 
maximum acceleration, a max  2 A      m/s 2
2  2
 
2 
(ii)   rad / s
4 2
 
The equation of velocity can be written as v  5 sin  t  m/s
2 
 
dy  t  10  t 
dt
 v  dy  vdt , dy  5 sin   dt 

 2 
    cos
 
 C
2 
10
Since at t = 0, the particle is at the negative extreme position, therefore at t  0; y  

10
10 10 t
  cos 0  C  C  0 , y cos
   2
Clearly a phase change of  / 6 corresponds to a time difference of
T   T 4 1
    s
 
2  6  12 12 3

10  10  3  5 3
y cos     m (numerically)
 6   2  
 

v  5 sin  2.5m/s
6
dv d  t  5 cos t  1  5  5 3
a    5 sin   a  at t  s   cos  m/s 2
dt dt  2  2 2  3  2 6 4
  

   n  
a n  1  cos   t    , n is even
 2  
  
102. d
   n 
a n  sin   t    , n is odd
   2  
From the motion law, x  a cos t ,, it is obvious that the taken to cover the distance equal to the amplitude
(A), starting from extreme position equals T/4.
Now one can write

Simple Harmonic Motion 175 Workbook – 3 | Solutions

 T  T 
t n  t 0 ,  where t 0  and n  0, 1, 2,... 
4  4 
 
As the particle moves according to the law, x  a cos t ,
So at n  1, 3, 5... or for odd n values it passes through the mean position and for even numbers of n it comes
to an extreme position (if t 0  0).
Case (I) When n is an odd number :
In this case, from the equation x  a sin  t , if the t is counted from nT / 4 and the distance covered
 T  n 
in the time interval to becomes, s1  a sin  t 0  a sin   t  n   a sin   t  
 
4  2 
 
 n    n  
Thus the sought distance covered for odd n is s  n a  s1  na  a sin  t    a n  sin  t  
 2    2  
 
Case (II) When n is even, In this case from the equation x  a cos  t , the distance covered (s2 ) in the
 T  
interval t 0 , is given by a  s2  a cos t 0  a cos   t  n   a cos   t  n 
 4  2 
 
  n  
or s2  a 1  cos   t  
  2  

Hence the sought distance for n is even
  n     n  
s  n a  s2  na  a 1  cos  t    a n  1  cos  t  
  2    2  
 
   n  
a n  1  cos  t    , n is even
   2  

In general s  
   n  
a n  sin  t    , n is odd
2  
  
 8 
103.  m /s 
  
 
total distance travelled S
Average speed  
total time taken 2 (2n  1)
Here t  2(2n  1)  4n  2  4(n  1)  2
From the graph it is clear that the Time period T = 4 sec.
T
 t  (n 1) T 
2
Total distance travelled in one time period is = 4A
Where ‘A’ is amplitude
 Total distance travelled in t is, S  (n  1)4 A  2 A  (2n  1)2 A
(2n  1)2 A 2
  v  A and A  v max  4  A 4
2(2n  1) 4
8 8
 A   v   m /s
 

Simple Harmonic Motion 176 Workbook – 3 | Solutions

   7 
104.  cos 1   
  9 
  
Let equations of two SHM be
x1  A sin t … (i)
x 2  A sin(t  ) … (ii)
A A
Given that  A sin t and   A sin(t  )
3 3
1
Which gives sin t  … (iii)
3
1
sin(t  )   … (iv)
3
From Eq. (iv),
1 1 1 1
sin t cos   cos t sin     cos   1  sin   
3 3 9 3
Solving this equation, we get
7 7
or cos   1,     or cos1  
9 9
 
Differentiating Eqs. (i) and (ii), we obtain
v1  A cos t and v2  A cos(t  )
If we put   , we find v1 and v2 are of opposite signs. Hence,    is not acceptable.
7
   cos 1  
9
 

 19   11T 
105. (i)  T (ii)  
 48   48 
   
(i) 0  1t  2t

2   19
But 1  2  and 0      
T 3 4 12
19  2 2 19
  t t or t  T
12 T T 48
19 5
(ii)   2  0  2  
12 12
Two particles will collide when line XX’ becomes the line of
bisector of angle .
 Any one of the particles (say -2) has rotated an angle
t   / 4   / 2
2  5 11
or t   
T 4 24 24
11T
 t
48

Simple Harmonic Motion 177 Workbook – 3 | Solutions

  dP 1 
106.   
 dx  a 2  x2 
 
dP 1 
   a2  x2
dt 
 
dP  Probability to find particle between x and x  dx
dx
dP 
V
dx
dP  C
 a2  x2
a
c dx c
P 
 dP 
  2 2


 1
x a a  x
As total probability is 1 between –a to a.
 dP 1
So, C = constant of proportionality  . Hence, 
 dx  a2  x2
107. (2.73 a)
Given, x1  a cos t and x 2  a cos 2t
So, the net displacement,
x  x1  x 2  a {cos t  cos 2t }  a {cos t  2 cos 2 t  1}


and v x  x  a {  sin t  4  cos  t sin t }


For x to be maximum,

x  a 2 cos t  4a 2 cos 2 t  4a 2 sin2 t  0

or, 8 cos2 t  cos  t  4  0, which is a quadratic equation for cos t .

Solving for acceptable value
cos  t  0  644
thus sin t  0  765
and v max |v x | a [0  765  4  0  765  0  644]  2  73 a 
max

108. [ x 02  s 02  2 x 0 s 0 ]1/2
At extreme position, vector summing.
 A 2  x 02  s02  2  x 0  s0  cos 45

So, A  x 02  s02  2 x 0s0

Simple Harmonic Motion 178 Workbook – 3 | Solutions

  g 
109.  
 2 
 
Speed of block at y *   A 2  y *2

2 ( A 2  y *2 )
Height h attained by the block after detachment   y*
2g

2 ( A 2  y*2 )
Total height attained by the block H   y*
2g
dH g
For H to be maximum,  0  y*  .
*
dy 2

2 k   1 4 k1 k2 
110. (i)   (ii)  
 m  2 (k1  k2 ) m 
   
 1 k1k2   1 k1k2 
(iii)   (iv)  
 2 m (4k2  k1 )   2 4m (k1  k2 ) 
   
(i) Let mass 'm' falls down by x so spring extends by 4x ;
T
  k (4 / x )
4
T = (16k) x
Where T is the restoring force on mass m
1 16k 2 k
 f  , f 
2 m  m
(ii) Let mass m be displaced by a distance of x from its equilibrium position so that the additional
elongation in spring 1 and 2 are x1 and x 2 respectively, then
2 x  x1  x 2 ... (i)
Also since tension in both springs are same.
T  k1x1  k2x 2
 k 
From (i), 2 x  x1 1  1 
 k 
 2
2k1x 2k1k 2
 T  k1x1   .x
1  k1 / k 2 k1  k 2
4k1k 2x
T   2T 
k1  k2
T and T  are additional tension, over and above the tension
already present at equilibrium hence, for the mass m,
md 2 x 4k1k 2x 1 4 k1 k2
   f 
2 k1  k2 2 (k1  k 2 ) m
dt

Simple Harmonic Motion 179 Workbook – 3 | Solutions

 (iii) Let F the extra tension in the string, when the block displaced x from its mean position.
F
Extension in spring -2 is x 2 
k2
2F 4F F
Extension is spring -1 is x1  , x  2x1  x 2  
k1 k1 k2
Extra tension F will become restoring force for the block. Therefore, above equation can be written
as,
 
 
 1   k1k 2  k1k2
F    x   x or ke 
4 1  4k2  k1
    4k 2  k1 
k k 
 1 2 
1 k1k2
f 
2  m (4k 2  k1 )

(iv) Let F be the restoring force (extra tension) on block m when displaced by x from its equilibrium
position.
 2F 2F 
x  2x1  2 x 2  2  
 k1 k2 

k k 
 4F  1 2 
 kk 
 1 2 
k1k 2 k1k2
or F  x  a  x
4(k1  k2 ) 4m (k1  k2 )

1 k1k2
f 
2 4m (k1  k2 )

 
 2 3l 
111.
 10 g 
 
The force exerted by the rods on the load is F1  2 Ften cos , while the force exerted on the spring is
F2  2 Ften sin  (See Figure).
According to Hooke’s law, F2  (1.5l  2l sin  )k , where k is the rigidity of the spring. As a result,
F1  1.5lk cot   2lk cos .
In order to determine the period of small oscillations, we must determine the force F acting on the load for
a small change h in the height of the load relative to the equilibrium position h 0  2l cos 0 .
We obtain
F  1.5lk (cot )  2lk (cos  ),
Where
  cot   
(cot  )       , (cos )   sin 0 .
 d  sin 2 0
 0

Consequently, since h 0  2l sin 0 , we find that

Simple Harmonic Motion 180 Workbook – 3 | Solutions
 l 
F  1.5k  2kl sin  0 
sin 2  0
 5kl   5k h
Because sin 0  1 / 2 .

The period of small oscillations of the load can be found from the formula T  2 m / (5k ), where m is the
mass of the load determined from the equilibrium condition:
1.5 kl cot 0  2kl cos 0  mg,

3 /2
m 
kl / g

3l
Thus, T  2 .
10 g

 m 
112.  2  1  2 0  1.9 
 1 mC 
 

(i)
No. motion of carbon atom.
For oxygen.

d 2x k
So, m0  kx  1  … (i)
dt 2 m0

(ii)
For particle 1:-
d 2x1
m0  k x1  x 2   … (i)
dt 2
For particle 3:-
d 2x 3
m0  k x 3  x 2   … (ii)
dt 2
For particle 2:
d 2x 2
mc 
 k x1  2 x 2  x 3  … (iii)
dt 2
From (i),
d 2 x1 k
2

m0
 x1  x 2 
dt

Simple Harmonic Motion 181 Workbook – 3 | Solutions

 d 2x 3 k
2

m0
x2  x3 
dt

d 2x 2 k
2

mc
 x1  2x 2  x 3 
dt

d2 k k 2k
2
 x1  2x 2  x 3   m  x1  x 2   m  x 2  x 3   m  x1  2x 2  x 3 
dt 0 0 c
k 2k

m0
 x1  2 x 2  x 3   m  x1  2x 2  x 3 
c
2  k 
d X 2k
   X where X = x1  2x 2  x 3
2 m 
dt  0 mc 
 1 2  2 2m 0
2  k   ;  1  1.9
m 
 0 mc  1 mc

1
113. (i) tan 1   (ii) 2.5 R
5
 
(i) The pressure due to liquid on left limb (at bottom)
P1  R (1  sin )1.5 g … (i)
The pressure due to liquids on right limb
P2  ( R sin   R cos ) g  R(1  cos )1.5 g … (ii)
In equilibrium, P1  P2
1 1
Which gives, tan        tan 1  
5 5
   
(ii) If the liquid is given a small angular displacement  ,
the pressure difference, dP  P1  P2
dP  [R sin (  )  R cos(  )] g  R[1  cos (   )]1.5 g  R[1  sin (   )]1.5 g
As  is small, sin   , cos   1
dP  R g [2.5 sin   2.5 cos  ·   0.5 cos   0.5 sin  · ]
0.2 1
tan   0.2,sin   and cos  
1.04 1.04
dP  2.55 R g   2.55 g y (as R   y )
Restoring force F  dP x area   2.55 g A
2R 2r
Mass of the liquid in tube m  A  A  1.5   1.25  RA
4 4
F 2.55 gy A  g 
Hence acceleration a   , a  2.04  y; a   2y
m 1.25 RA  R 
 
 g  2
Hence,   2.04  ; Time period, T   2.5 R sec
 R  
 

Simple Harmonic Motion 182 Workbook – 3 | Solutions

  S 2 P0 
114.  
 2 mV0 
 
Let piston moved by x
 
So, P0V0   P2 V0  Ax
  
 P1 V0  Ax 
P0  Ax 
 P1   P0 1  
  V0 
 Ax   
1  
 V0 

P0  Ax 
and P2   P0 1  
  V0 
 Ax   
1  
 V0 

2P0 Ax 2P0 A 2 x
P restoring excess pressure  , Restoring force 
V0 V0

2 P0 A 2 x 2P0  2 mV0
So, ma  ; So,  A T 
V0 mV0 A 2 P0

 3   3 
115. (i)
 R  (ii)
 R 
 GM   GM 
   
   
(i) Consider the situation shown in figure. Suppose at an instant t the
particle in the tunnel is at a distance x from the centre of the earth.
Let us draw a sphere of radius x with its centre at the centre of the
earth. Only the part of the earth within this sphere will exert a net
attraction on the particle. Mass of this part is
4
x 3 x3
M'  3 M  M.
4
R 3 R3
3
G ( x 3 / R 3 )Mm GMm
The force of attraction is, therefore, F  x 
2
x R3
This force acts towards the centre of the earth. Thus, the resultant force on the particle is opposite to
the displacement from the centre of the earth and is proportional to it. The particle, therefore,
executes a simple harmonic motion in the tunnel with the centre of the earth as the mean position.

GMm m R3
The force constant is k  , so that the time period is T  2   2 .
R3 k GM
T
The time taken by particle to go from one end to the other is .
2
T R3
t 
2 GM

Simple Harmonic Motion 183 Workbook – 3 | Solutions

 (ii) Suppose at some instant, the particle is at radial distance r from centre of earth O. Since the particle
is constrained to move along the tunnel, we define its position as distance x from C. Hence, equation
of motion of the particle is,
ma x  Fx
The gravitational force on mass m at distance r is,
GMmr
F  (towards O)
R3
Therefore, Fx  F sin 
GMmr  x 
  
R 3  r 

GMm
 x
R3
Since, Fx  x, motion is simple harmonic in nature. Further,
GMm GM
ma x  x or ax   x
3
R R3

x R3
 Time period of oscillation is, T  2   2
ax GM

T
The time taken by particle to go from one end to the other is .
2
T R3
t 
2 GM
 28 R 
116.  2 
 5g 
 
For pure rolling to take place, v  R 
 '  angular velocity of COM of sphere C about O
v R  d ' 1 d 
     or ' 
4R 4R 4 dt 4 dt 4
a
 for pure rolling
R
g sin  5 g sin 
Where, a  ; 
I 7
1
mR 2
2 5g sin 
as, I  mR 2  ' 
5 28R
5g
For small ,sin   , being restoring in nature,  '   
28R
 28 R
 T  2  2
' 5g

Simple Harmonic Motion 184 Workbook – 3 | Solutions

   I  
117.  2   m  / (4k ) 
  r2  
   
Let us first find the equilibrium position. For rotational equilibrium of the pulley, the tensions in the two
strings should be equal. Only then the torque on the pulley will be zero. Let this tension be T. The extension
of the spring will be y  T / k, as the tension in the spring will be the same as the tension in the string. For
translational equilibrium of the pulley,
mg
2T  mg or, 2ky  mg or, y .
2k
mg
The spring is extended by a distance when the pulley is in equilibrium.
2k
Now suppose, the centre of the pulley goes down further by a distance x. the total increase in the length of
the string plus the spring is 2x (x on the left of the pulley and x on the right). As the string has a constant
length, the extension of the spring is 2x . The energy of the system is :
2
1 1 1  mg  1 I  m 2g 2
U  I 2  mv 2  mgx  k  2x     m v2   2kx 2 .
2 2 
2  2k  2  r 2  8 k
 
dU
As the system is conservative,  0, giving,
dt
 I  dv 4kx du 4k
0  m v  4kxu or or a  2x where 2 
 .
 r2  dt  I  dt  I 
   m   m
 r2   r2 
   
Thus, the centre of mass of the pulley executes a simple harmonic motion with time period
 I 
T  2   m  / (4k ).
 r2 
 

 1
118. (i) 2  1.1s (ii) mg 2  0.05 J
3g 2
d
L   ... (i)
2
For vertical equilibrium, 2T cos   mg
mg
T  (  is small)
2
d mg mgd d  mgd 2
Restoring torque: 2T sin   .d  .  
2 2 2 2 L 4L
md 2 d 2  mgd 2 d 2 3g
From Newton’s law,  ;  
12 dt 2 4L 2 L
dt
L 1
So, T  2  1.1sec ; Total energy  C 2
0 where C  torsional constant 0  amplitude
3g 2
2
mgd 2 1 mgd 2 2 mgd 2  2L  2 mgL  2
C ; E 0     ; E  0.05 J
4L 2 4L 8L  d  2
 

Simple Harmonic Motion 185 Workbook – 3 | Solutions

  1 k  4Ag 
119.  
 2 6M 
 
In equilibrium,
T  F  Mg … (i)
When the block is further depressed by x, weight Mg remains unchanged, upthrust F increases by Axg and
let T be the increase in tension.
If a is the acceleration of block then,
T  Axg  Ma … (ii)
Restoring torque on the cylinder,
 kx R   kxR 
  T R     ( Ma  Axg )R 
 2 2   4 
k 
 kR 2     Ag 
3 4 
or MR 2     AgR 2   or   
2  4  3
  M
2
Here negative sign has been used for restoring nature of torque.
1  1 k  4 Ag
 f  
2  2 6M

2mg 2mg  M  m  ab
120. (i) k  (ii) (iii)  
b a (b  a ) ( M  m )  m b a
 
(i)
X
h
N.L O
Y
x0 a
old eq. Position O New equilibrium position
b

For static equilibrium of mass M

Mg = kx0 ... (i)
New equilibrium of mass M and m
 b a 
Mm  g k  x0   ... (ii)
 2 
from eq. (i) and (ii)
2mg
K  ... (iii)
b –a
Mg M
x0   (b  a ) ... (iv)
k 2m

Simple Harmonic Motion 186 Workbook – 3 | Solutions

 k
(ii) Oscillation frequency w 
M m
(iii) From momentum conservation
m 2 gh  ( M  m )V
 m 
V   2gh ... (v)
 M m
 
After collision we use energy conservation.
1 1 1
kx 02  ( M  m )v 2  k ( x 0  b )2  (M  m ) gb
2 2 2
M m  ab
from eq. (iii), (iv) and (v) we get h   
 m b a
 

 M m   mk | x |   (M  m )g 
121. (i)  2  (ii)   (iii)  
 k   M m   k 
     
(i) For small amplitude, the two blocks oscillate together. The angular frequency is
k M m
a  and so the time period T  2
M m k
(ii) The acceleration of the blocks at displacement x from the mean position is
 kx 
a  2x   
 M m
 
The resultant force on the upper block is, therefore,
 mkx 
ma   
 M m
 
This force is provided by the friction of the lower block. Hence, the magnitude of the frictional force is
 mk | x |
 
 M m 
mkA
(iii) Maximum force of friction required for simple harmonic motion of the upper block is at the
M m
extreme positions. But the maximum frictional force can only be mg. Hence
mkA ( M  m )g
  mg or A 
M m k

 k A  k   m  m 3A 
122. (i)   (ii)  A (iii)   (iv)  , 
 m 2  m  2 k   k 2 
       
(i) Just before collision, both P and Q arrive at their equilibrium position
A k A
 VP   
2 m 2

Simple Harmonic Motion 187 Workbook – 3 | Solutions

 k
(ii) Speed of Q just before collision is, VQ  A  A
m
T
(iii) The block shall meet after time t  , where T is time period of either isolated spring block system,
4
T 1 m  m
t   2 
4 4 k 2 k
(iv) Velocity will be exchanged in collision
T T T m
t    
4 4 2 k
A 3A
d A
2 2

2mx 03
123. (i) x   x0 (ii) 2
k
kx
u
x  x 02
2

dU  ( x 2  x 2 )(k )  kx (2 x )  k ( x 2  x 2 )
0 0 k ( x 2  x 02 )
F     
2 2 2  ( x 2  x 2 )2
dx 
 ( x  x 0 )  0 ( x 2  x 02 )2

For equilibrium, F  0  x   x 0
For x   x 0 , the force is net restoring when displaced from equilibrium
For small displacement x’ from x  x 0
x  x 0  x '
 2 
 x  
kx 02  1    1
x 
k[( x 0  x )2  x 02 ]  0  
F  
[( x 0  x )2  x 02 ]2  2 
2
4 
 x  
x0  1    1
 x 
 0 
2 2
k  2x   2x   k  2x    2x  
 1   1 1   1   2  
2  x0   x0  2  x  x 0 
x0    x0  0 

2kx  1  2x   k
 1    x
3 4 x 0 
x0  2x 03
k k
ma   x  a  x
2x 03 2mx 03

k 2 2mx 03
 2   T   2
2mx 03  k

Simple Harmonic Motion 188 Workbook – 3 | Solutions

 F022 / m
124. (i) (ii)   0 ,  P  max  F02 / 4 m
( 2 2 2 2 2
0   )  4 

d 2x dx
 2  2
0 x  f 0 cos t then x  a cos t    
2 dt
dt
f0 2
Where a  and tan  
2 2  2
 2
0  2   422 0

F  F0 cos t (As per question)

F0 / m 2
Then x   
cos t   and tan  
2 2  2
2
0 
2
  422 0

F 
 0 
m 
 
So, v 
2

sin t   
 2
0 
2
  4  2 2

Instantaneous power = p = F.v

Avg. power  P  F .v 
  F2 
 F0    0  2

  
m  1   m





 F0 .
2
 sin   
2  2
  2 
 2
0    42 2
  0

  2 2
   4 

 
F02
Maxima happens when   0 , Pmax 
4 m

Simple Harmonic Motion 189 Workbook – 3 | Solutions