PNTC COLLEGES

Zone III, Lt. Cantimbuhan St. Poblacion, Dasmariñas City

GENERAL EDUCATION
ONLINE DISTANCE LEARNING MODULE

COURSE CODE SOC 319 PRE-REQUISITE NONE

COURSE TITLE Social Science and Philosophy(Includes PADAMS, SEMESTER 2nd
Occupational Health & Safety)
UNITS 3 YEAR LEVEL 3rd
COURSE DESCRIPTION An analysis of the disciplines that make up the social sciences with particular emphasis on
their interrelationships. A study of source materials and library techniques as well as
methods employed by social scientists. Relevancy of the Social Sciences to understanding
and solving contemporary problems. General consideration of human nature and the
nature of the universe. Knowledge, perception, freedom and determinism. Combined with
the preparation to the outside world of the learners such as preventing the drug and
alcohol abuse and the occupational health and safety standards in the maritime industry.

MODULE 4 (WEEK 4)
Indigenous People: Meaning and Nature, Population & Distribution,
Indigenous People by Regions, and Indigenous Rights
TOPIC LEARNING OUTCOMES

The students shall be able to:

1. Discuss briefly the meaning and nature of indigenous people.
2. Know the population and distribution of indigenous people.
3. Discuss the different indigenous people by regions.
4. Discuss the indigenous rights.

ENGAGE

1. What do you observe on the pictures below?

2. What can you say about it?

Form No. BPM2-CME 20 F-009 SOC 319 (Module 4)

Rev.03 Page 1 of 5
COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL INFORMATION
Copyright © 2021 PNTC Colleges, All rights reserved.
When printed, this document is uncontrolled unless properly identified as controlled
 PNTC COLLEGES
Zone III, Lt. Cantimbuhan St. Poblacion, Dasmariñas City

EXPLORE

How to define Indigenous people in the context of Africa?

EXPLAIN AND ELABORATE

 Indigenous peoples, also referred to as First peoples, First Nations, Aboriginal peoples, Native peoples,
or autochthonous peoples, are ethnic groups who are native to a particular place on Earth and live or lived in
an interconnected relationship with the natural environment there for many generations prior to the arrival
of non-Indigenous peoples.
 Peoples are usually described as Indigenous when they maintain traditions or other aspects of an early culture
that is associated with a given region.
 Estimates of the total global population of Indigenous peoples usually range from 250 million to 600 million.
 The term 'indigenous peoples' refers to culturally distinct groups affected by colonization. The term started
being used in the 1970s as a way of linking experiences, issues and struggles of groups of colonized people
across international borders.
 At this time 'indigenous people(s)' also began to be used to describe a legal category in indigenous law created
in international and national legislation.
 The use of the 's' in 'peoples' recognizes that there are real differences between different indigenous peoples.
 James Anaya, former Special Rapporteur on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples, has defined indigenous peoples
as "living descendants of pre-invasion inhabitants of lands now dominated by others.
 Indigenous is derived from the Latin word indigena, which is based on the root -genus, "to be born from", and
the Old Latin prefix indu-, "in".
Population and Distribution
 Indigenous societies range from those who have been significantly exposed to the colonizing or expansionary
activities of other societies (such as the Maya peoples of Mexico and Central America) through to those who
as yet remain in comparative isolation from any external influence (such as the Sentinelese and Jarawa of
the Andaman Islands).

Form No. BPM2-CME 20 F-009 SOC 319 (Module 4)

Rev.03 Page 2 of 5
COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL INFORMATION
Copyright © 2021 PNTC Colleges, All rights reserved.
When printed, this document is uncontrolled unless properly identified as controlled
 PNTC COLLEGES
Zone III, Lt. Cantimbuhan St. Poblacion, Dasmariñas City

 Precise estimates for the total population of the world's Indigenous peoples are very difficult to compile, given
the difficulties in identification and the variances and inadequacies of available census data. The United
Nations estimates that there are over 370 million Indigenous people living in over 70 countries
worldwide. This would equate to just fewer than 6% of the total world population. This includes at least 5000
distinct peoples in over 72 countries.
 Contemporary distinct Indigenous groups survive in populations ranging from only a few dozen to hundreds
of thousands and more. Many Indigenous populations have undergone a dramatic decline and even
extinction, and remain threatened in many parts of the world. Some have also been assimilated by other
populations or have undergone many other changes. In other cases, Indigenous populations are undergoing
a recovery or expansion in numbers.
 Certain Indigenous societies survive even though they may no longer inhabit their "traditional" lands, owing
to migration, relocation, forced resettlement or having been supplanted by other cultural groups. In many
other respects, the transformation of culture of Indigenous groups is ongoing, and includes permanent loss
of language, loss of lands, encroachment on traditional territories, and disruption in traditional ways of life
due to contamination and pollution of waters and lands.
Indigenous People by Regions
 Indigenous populations are distributed in regions throughout the globe.
 The numbers, condition and experience of indigenous groups may vary widely within a given region. A
comprehensive survey is further complicated by sometimes contentious membership and identification.
Africa
 In the post-colonial period, the concept of specific indigenous peoples within the African continent has gained
wider acceptance, although not without controversy.
 The highly diverse and numerous ethnic groups that comprise most modern, independent African states
contain within them various peoples whose situation, cultures and pastoralist or hunter-gatherer lifestyles
are generally marginalized and set apart from the dominant political and economic structures of the nation.
 Since the late 20th century these peoples have increasingly sought recognition of their rights as distinct
indigenous peoples, in both national and international contexts.

Starting fire by hand, San people in Botswana

Americas
 Indigenous peoples of the American continent are broadly recognized as being those groups and their
descendants who inhabited the region before the arrival of European colonizers and settlers.

Form No. BPM2-CME 20 F-009 SOC 319 (Module 4)

Rev.03 Page 3 of 5
COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL INFORMATION
Copyright © 2021 PNTC Colleges, All rights reserved.
When printed, this document is uncontrolled unless properly identified as controlled
 PNTC COLLEGES
Zone III, Lt. Cantimbuhan St. Poblacion, Dasmariñas City

 Indigenous peoples who maintain, or seek to maintain, traditional ways of life are found from the high Arctic
north to the southern extremities of Tierra del Fuego.
 The impacts of historical and ongoing European colonization of the Americas on indigenous communities have
been in general quite severe, with many authorities estimating ranges of significant population
decline primarily due to disease, land theft and violence.
 Several peoples have become extinct, or very nearly so. But there are and have been many thriving and
resilient indigenous nations and communities.
 North America is known by many indigenous peoples as Turtle Island. All nations in North and South America
have populations of indigenous peoples within their borders.
 Indigenous peoples in Canada comprise the First Nations, Inuit and Métis. The descriptors "Indian" and
"Eskimo" have fallen into disuse in Canada. More currently, the term "Aboriginal" is being replaced with
"Indigenous". Several national organizations in Canada changed their names from “Aboriginal” to
“Indigenous.”
 Most notable was the change of Aboriginal Affairs and Northern Development Canada (AANDC) to Indigenous
and Northern Affairs Canada (INAC) in 2015, which then split into Indigenous Services Canada and Crown-
Indigenous Relations and Northern Development Canada in 2017.

Asia
 The vast regions of Asia contain the majority of the world's present-day indigenous populations, about 70%.

Europe
 In Europe, the majority of ethnic groups are indigenous to the region in the sense of having occupied it for
numerous centuries or millennia.
 Present-day indigenous populations as recognized by the UN definition, however, are relatively few, and
mainly confined to its north and far east.
 Notable indigenous minority populations in Europe which are recognized by the UN include the Finno-
Ugric Nenets, Samoyed, and Komi peoples of northern Russia; Circassians of southern Russia and the North
Caucasus; Crimean Tatars of Crimea in Ukraine; and Sámi peoples of northern Norway, Sweden, and Finland
and northwestern Russia.

Indigenous Rights

 Indigenous rights are those rights that exist in recognition of the specific condition of the indigenous peoples.

 This includes not only the most basic human rights of physical survival and integrity, but also the rights over
their land (including native title), language, religion, and other elements of cultural heritage that are a part of
their existence and identity as a people.

 This can be used as an expression for advocacy of social organizations, or form a part of the national law in
establishing the relation between a government and the right of self-determination among its indigenous
people, or in international law as a protection against violation of indigenous rights by actions of governments
or groups of private interests.

Form No. BPM2-CME 20 F-009 SOC 319 (Module 4)

Rev.03 Page 4 of 5
COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL INFORMATION
Copyright © 2021 PNTC Colleges, All rights reserved.
When printed, this document is uncontrolled unless properly identified as controlled
 PNTC COLLEGES
Zone III, Lt. Cantimbuhan St. Poblacion, Dasmariñas City

EVALUATE

1. How indigenous people be described?

2. What is the concept of population and distribution of indigenous people worldwide?
3. What are the different indigenous people in the world?
4. Why it is important to protect and impose the human rights among indigenous people?

EXTEND

1. Based in your opinion, what is the impact of the existence of indigenous people?
2. What do you think is the role of indigenous people in resource conservation?

References

Links:
R1- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indigenous_rights
R2- https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_indigenous_peoples

Revision Status:

MOD SOC 319(4)

Rev.: 01
Issue Date:
Sept. 11, 2021

Form No. BPM2-CME 20 F-009 SOC 319 (Module 4)

Rev.03 Page 5 of 5
COMPANY CONFIDENTIAL INFORMATION
Copyright © 2021 PNTC Colleges, All rights reserved.
When printed, this document is uncontrolled unless properly identified as controlled