12

Creative
Writing
Quarter 1 – Module 1:
Using Imagery, Diction, Figures
of Speech, and Specific
Experiences
Creative Writing – Grade 12
Self-Learning Module (SLM)
Quarter 1 – Module 1: Using Imagery, Diction, Figures of Speech, and Specific
Experiences
First Edition, 2020

Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any work of
the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the government agency or office
wherein the work is created shall be necessary for exploitation of such work for profit. Such
agency or office may, among other things, impose as a condition the payment of royalties.

Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names,
trademarks, etc.) included in this module are owned by their respective copyright holders.
Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use these materials from their
respective copyright owners. The publisher and authors do not represent nor claim ownership
over them.

Development Team of the Module

Writers: Esther D. Vinson
Editors: Louie Mark Garvida, Imelda C. Martinez, Jerryl Jean L. Salunayan
Reviewers: Helen J. Ranan, Sally A. Palomo
Illustrator: Reggie D. Galindez
Layout Artist: Cesar Ian S. Ranan
Cover Art Designer: Ian Caesar E. Frondoza
Streamliner: Arlene Ll. Espina
Management Team: Allan G. Farnazo, CESO IV – Regional Director
Fiel Y. Almendra, CESO V – Assistant Regional Director
Romelito G. Flores, CESO V - Schools Division Superintendent
Mario M. Bermudez, CESO VI – Assist. Schools Division Superintendent
Gilbert B. Barrera – Chief, CLMD
Arturo D. Tingson Jr. – REPS, LRMS
Peter Van C. Ang-ug – REPS, ADM
Gerardo Magno – Subject Area Supervisor
Juliet F. Lastimosa - CID Chief
Sally A. Palomo - Division EPS In- Charge of LRMS
Gregorio O. Ruales - Division ADM Coordinator
Ronnie R. Sunggay / Helen J. Ranan – Subject Area Supervisor /
Coordinator
Printed in the Philippines by Department of Education – SOCCSKSARGEN Region
Office Address: Regional Center, Brgy. Carpenter Hill, City of Koronadal
Telefax: (083) 2288825/ (083) 2281893
E-mail Address: region12@deped.gov.ph

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Introductory Message
This Self-Learning Module (SLM) is prepared so that you, our dear learners, can continue
your studies and learn while at home. Activities, questions, directions, exercises, and
discussions are carefully stated for you to understand each lesson.

Each SLM is composed of different parts. Each part shall guide you step by-step as you
discover and understand the lesson prepared for you.

Pre-test are provided to measure your prior knowledge on lessons in each SLM. This will
tell you if you need to proceed on completing this module, or if you need to ask your
facilitator or your teacher’s assistance for better understanding of the lesson. At the end
of each module, you need to answer the post-test to self-check your learning. Answer
keys are provided for each activity and test. We trust that you will be honest in using
these.

In addition to the material in the main text, Notes to the Teachers are also provided to
the facilitators and parents for strategies and reminders on how they can best help you
on your home -based learning.

Please use this module with care. Do not put unnecessary marks on any part of the
SLM. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises and tests. Read the
instructions carefully before performing each task.

If you have any questions in using the SLM or any difficulty in answering the tasks in
this module, do not hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator.
Thank you.

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 What I Need to Know

Hello! How are you? Welcome to this interesting subject that will nurture your
creativity and self-expression. Here, you will be immersed with different texts like
essays, poems, plays, short stories, and other forms of fiction. Your knowledge in
your literature subjects in your Junior High School and in 21 st Century Literature is
very helpful in connection to this subject. Can you still remember the literary devices
like imagery, figures of speech, tone, mood, and diction? Well, these are the things
featured in this lesson.

Moreover, this module was intended for you to develop your practical and
creative skills in reading and writing fiction. It will also allow you to cull your
experiences and unleash your creative ideas in reading and writing fiction while
learning about the techniques in writing fiction. The language used here is very
relatable to you so that you can interact to this lesson and consequently, unearth
the beauty in the texts. The lessons are also sequenced following the standard of this
course.
Most Essential Learning Competency (MELC) S1/Q1

• Use imagery, diction, figures of speech, and specific experiences to evoke

meaningful responses from the readers (HUMSS_CW/MP11/12-la-b-4).

Learning Objectives

For this lesson, you are expected to:

1. identify imagery, diction, and figures of speech in a text;
2. use imagery, diction, figures of speech, and specific experiences to
evoke meaningful responses; and
3. write vignettes using imagery, diction, figures of speech, and specific
experiences.

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 What I Know

Before learning a new lesson, you are going to answer first the given questions to
check if you can still remember some literary devices. Write the letter of your answer
on the blank before the number.

_____ 1. “I heard the screeching of the door, and the sneaking of the shoes of my father
as he arrived from work.” This sentence is an example of onomatopoeia.
What words in the sentence that imitates the sound of the door?
a. screeching
b. sneaking
c. working
d. hearing

_____ 2. What is referred as the choice of words in a literary work to convey action,
reveal character, imply attitudes, identify themes, and suggest values?
a. specific experiences
b. figures of speech
c. imagery
d. diction

_____ 3. What is known as the concrete representation of an idea by using language

that can evoke the five senses?
a. specific experience
b. figures of speech
c. imagery
d. diction

_____ 4. What technique in appreciating the literary work identifies the experience of
the writer which the readers can relate?
a. specific experiences
b. figures of speech
c. choice of words
d. imagery

_____ 5. “I already produced buckets of tears in praying for my brother.” What figure
of speech is being used in this sentence?
a. hyperbole
b. paradox
c. irony
d. pun

_____ 6. What is known as the short literary piece that focuses on one scene giving
description about the character, idea, or setting?
a. flash fiction
b. synopsis
c. vignette
d. précis

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_____ 7. What is referred as the linguistic technique that produces special effect when
reading a literary piece?
a. rhetorical device
b. literary device
c. poetic device
d. images

_____ 8. What kind of diction uses familiar and casual words in conversation in a
relaxed from of language?
a. colloquial
b. informal
c. formal
d. slang

_____ 9. What is the figure of speech that uses the words “like, than or as” in
comparing things having common qualities?
a. personification
b. synecdoche
c. metaphor
d. simile

_____ 10. “Who does not want to have high grades?” What figure of speech is used in
this statement?
a. rhetorical question
b. rhetorical device
c. onomatopoeia
d. assonance

_____ 11. What type of diction does not allow contractions and first person pronouns?
a. colloquial
b. informal
c. formal
d. slang
_____ 12. What is the type of imagery that tickles the reader’s sense of touch?
a. gustatory
b. olfactory
c. auditory
d. tactile

_____ 13. What figure of speech gives human qualities to inanimate objects?
a. personification
b. metonymy
c. allusion
d. irony

_____ 14. What is the type of imagery that appeals to the sense of smell?
a. gustatory
b. olfactory
c. tactile
d. visual

_____ 15. Which of the following sentences has the olfactory imagery?
a. Ivy has soft, smooth, fair, and radiant skin.

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 b. Her sakura like scent still lingers on me.
c. Mario is tall, dark, and handsome.
d. The cake is sandy and bittersweet.

Lesson
Using Imagery, Diction, Figures of
1 Speech, and Specific Experiences

Literature is a subject that features life. Most of the people, love to read, watch,
or listen to the other people’s stories but not all were able to write them. In the essays
and articles you write before, they talked about your life or other people’s lives. Have
you tried also writing poems, songs, and short stories?

In reading a literary piece such as poems, essays, short stories and the like,
it is important to note that writers employ literary devices. A literary device is a
linguistic technique that produces a special effect when reading a literary piece. This
device can help readers in appreciating, interpreting, and analysing a work of art.
Writers can also employ these techniques to make their work achieve the aesthetic
appeal so that readers can enjoy the beauty of words. In this subject, you will learn
how to write creatively employing different literary techniques, elements, and devices
in writing. Are you ready to learn them and unleash your writing prowess?

What’s In

Activity 1. Blast from the Past

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 In this activity, you are going to recall important concepts about literature and
from the 21st century literature as a pre-requisite to this subject. Choose the answers
inside the word pool and write your answers on the blank.

mobile phone Textula hyperpoetry drama

doodle fiction flash fiction manga
digi-fiction literature theme
poetry blogs mood

__________1. This genre has touched three modes of media: book, video and internet
website.
__________2. It is a style of fictional literature of extreme brevity with characters and
plot.
__________3. It refers to the message or insight that the readers get from a literary
piece.
__________4. It is also called cyber poetry with verses link to sub-poems and
footnotes.
__________5. This gives the feeling at the beginning of the story and sets its
atmosphere.
__________6. These are short articles about the person’s opinions and interests.

__________7. It is literary work for expressing ideas using style and rhythm.

__________8. It is a work of art and is categorized into prose and poetry.

__________9. This includes doodle writings and graphics.

__________10. It is a poem written in text form.

Notes to the Teacher

Dear Teachers: The lessons presented here may not be complete but you
can add inputs to your students should they need your guidance.

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 What’s New

Activity 2: Good Old Days

At this moment, you are going to recall and visualize a place that gave you the
best memories during your childhood. It can be a beach, farm, lake, waterfall, house,
event, etc.

Instructions: List your description below about the place: the people present at
that time; the objects that can be seen there; and the sound that
can be heard in that place. Write your ideas in a bullet form inside
the creative graphic organizer (G.O.).

people

place sound

After answering the above activity, what comes to your mind? What have you
realized? Write your answer on the space provided.
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 What is It

Activity 3: Nature Speaks

Good job for outpouring your brilliant ideas in the previous activity! Well, this
next activity will not only help you appreciate the beauty of nature but also the
beauty of the poem. Do you love the things found in your natural environment just
like the flowers? The poem below is about daffodils which have resemblance to two
lovers and lily flowers because they have bulbs and elongated leaves. After reading
the poem, answer the questions that follow.

I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud

By: William Wordsworth

I wandered lonely as a cloud

That floats on high o'er vales and hills,
When all at once I saw a crowd,
A host, of golden daffodils;
Beside the lake, beneath the trees,
Fluttering and dancing in the breeze.

Continuous as the stars that shine

And twinkle on the milky way,
They stretched in never-ending line
Along the margin of a bay:
Ten thousand saw I at a glance,
Tossing their heads in sprightly dance.

The waves beside them danced; but they

Out-did the sparkling waves in glee:
A poet could not but be gay,
In such a jocund company:
I gazed—and gazed—but little thought
What wealth the show to me had brought:

For oft, when on my couch I lie

In vacant or in pensive mood,
They flash upon that inward eye
Which is the bliss of solitude;
And then my heart with pleasure fills,
And dances with the daffodils.

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 Guide Questions:

1. Are there some lines in the poems that evoke your senses (sight, smell,
touch, hearing, and taste? Write the lines on the blank and corresponding
senses.
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2. Are the figures of speech present also in the poem? Write the lines from the
poem and the name of the figure of speech.
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3. What can you say about the word choice in the poem?

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4. What do you think are the experiences of the writer in writing the poem? Do
you have similar experience about trees? Share your thoughts on the space
provided.
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Wow, you have nailed it! A while ago, you were able to use literary devices in
analysing a literary piece such as the words in the poem that evoke your senses
which is called imagery. Aside from imagery, there are other literary devices that can
be used in a literary work such as figures of speech, diction, and specific experiences.

Literary Devices

1. Imagery
It is a concrete representation of an idea to convey the message by using
language that can evoke the five senses. There are five types of imagery: olfactory
imagery (sense of smell), tactile imagery (sense of touch), visual imagery (sense of
sight), auditory imagery (sense of hearing), and gustatory imagery (sense of taste).
For example, “stars that shine and twinkle on the milky way” can let us think about
the sense of sight thru the words stars, shine, and twinkle.

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 2. Figures of Speech

Aside from imagery, another literary device that can be used in literary piece
is the figures of speech. It is also known as figurative language because it creates
figures or pictures in the mind of the readers. It means something different from what
is usual. In the poem, “I wandered lonely as a cloud” is an example of simile since it
uses the word “as” in comparing the writer to a cloud. Aside from simile, there are
plenteous kinds of figures of speech such as metaphor, personification, synecdoche,
oxymoron, litotes, irony, hyperbole, alliteration, assonance, onomatopoeia and a lot
more. Below are the descriptions of some figures of speech and the sample sentences.

Figures of Descriptions Sample Sentences

Speech
Hyperbole Ideas are expressed inI almost turned crazy of
exaggerated manner. thinking about you.
Onomatopoeia It is using words that imitate I miss the splashing of the
the natural sounds of things orwaters during summer
animals. time.
Personification It is giving human qualities toThe sea is so angry over the
inanimate objects. streak of garbage at the
bay.
Rhetorical It is a question that does not Who does not want to be
Question need answer but for emphasis. free?
Oxymoron It is a phrase where two The loud silence of the
opposite ideas are joined streets can be here during
together. the lockdown.

Can you give at least three sample sentences from any of your favorite figures
of speech? Write your answers inside the graphic organizer.

Figures of Speech Sample Sentences

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 3. Diction

Another device that can be used in reading a fiction is the diction. Diction
means the selection of words in a literary work to convey action, reveal character,
imply attitudes, identify themes, and suggest values. It can be formal, informal,
colloquial, or slang.

Type of Description Example

Diction
Formal It makes use of third person Frontliners are the people who
pronouns such us he, she, selflessly and dedicatedly serve
it, they, and them. during this era of pandemic. They are
Contracting words are not the doctors, nurses, and other health
allowed in this style of practitioners who try to save the lives
writing. of the patients notwithstanding the
threat that they could also be
infected.
Informal The informal diction uses I want to shout out to my friends who
the first person pronouns passed the examination.
such as I, we, and us. It
also allows the use of
contractions like it’s,
you’re, they’re, etc.
Colloquial It is the use of familiar and They ain’t nothing to say. (Ain’t
casual words in means “is not, am not, are not, has
conversation in a relaxed not and have not”. Other examples
from of language. are y’all, gonna, wanna, etc.
Slang It is classified as very That performance was epic. (Epic
informal form of language. means highly enjoyable.)
Slang words have another Enjoy your camping at Sanchez peak.
meaning which are used by YOLO! (YOLO means “you only live
a certain group. once.”)

4. Specific Experiences

Finally, another technique in appreciating the literary work is to identify the

specific experiences of the writer and how the readers relate this experience to their
own lives. Through this specific experience, the writer and reader interaction
becomes alive and they get connected to each other.

For example in the poem above, the writer has an experience of finding
pleasure watching the flowers daffodil which is supported through the line “A poet
could not but be gay”. He also expressed his appreciation in other things such as
stars and bay, however, their beauty cannot surpass the charm of the daffodils. In
other words, the writer cannot resist the beauty of the flowers. What about you?

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What kind of flower is your favorite? What was you experience with your favourite
flower or plant?
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What’s More

Activity 4. Into the Deep!

Now, you have learned the different literary devices in evoking the reader’s
meaningful experiences. This next activity allows you to read a sample vignette. After
reading, identify the literary devices such as the imagery, diction, figures of speech
and significant experience found in the text. You can write your answers on the space
provided.

Here is an example of a vignette.

W
hile in Davao City, my friends thought of going to Batasan Falls,
Makilala, North Cotabato after college graduation. My classmate,
Judith, already married and a second courser, organized this jaunt.
Since, she was the editor-in-chief of the school’s yearbook, she
brought with her the yearbook staff to give ourselves a treat on board her truck.

The place was not yet developed in

A vignette (pronounced as vi-nyet) is a
short literary piece that focuses on one
scene giving the readers a description
about the character, idea, or setting. It
can be in a prose or poetry forms and
does not need a conflict.
2003 yet there were already local tourists
visiting the remote place. I was astounded by
the place since it was my first time seeing
waterfalls, a gigantic one with its cold and
pristine waters. I could hear the bustling of
the waters as it cascaded to the stream
bank; the scream of the folks as they dove
into the waters from the steep; the rustling of
the leaves; the various repertoire of the birds
chirping. I could say that I was too close to
the nature.

Seeing some folks drinking water passed thru from a half round brown bamboo
pole used as a conduit of the flowing water, I even tempted to drink the water. One of
the folks said, “The water tastes fresh and sweet.” Yeah, it was indeed natural, and
potable. The countenance of the waterfalls was like a gigantic creature that is amiable
yet very dangerous. It tried to entice me, so inviting yet posed a peril looking at the
unknown depth of the water. It was indeed dangerously attractive. It can be a source

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of life and a source of death. Because I didn’t know how to swim, I just stayed at the
side to save myself from getting drowned enjoying the music of the stream that
sounded troubling yet in harmony with the nature. I enjoyed the diverse rough and
smooth rocks and stones that were always showered with the coolness of water,
burgeoned with mosses and plants. Although I was freezing from icy-cold water, my
eyes were very full beholding the diverse living organisms visible to my naked eyes
inside that cove. Yes, I contemplated that I could not stayed there for the rest of my
life, however, there are really places that God gave which made us think of the
greatness of nature for people to enjoy.

Guide Questions:

1. Are there images in the vignette that evoke your senses? List at least three
sentences or phrases and identify the type of imagery.
__________________________________________________________________________
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2. Are there figures of speech present in the vignette? Write the phrases or
sentences from the text and tell what figures of speech are they.
__________________________________________________________________________
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__________________________________________________________________________

3. What can you say about the diction of the vignette?

__________________________________________________________________________
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4. Do you have similar experience in any of the events in the vignette? Share
your thoughts on the space provided.
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Activity 5. That’s my favorite!

Nice work for your Activity 4! At this moment, try to think of your favorite
animal or character. Describe your favourite animal or character using imagery,
figures of speech, diction, and specific experiences by writing your own short
paragraph. Be guided with the rubric below.

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RUBRIC ON LITERARY DEVICES

Indicators Very Good Good Developing
(40 pts.) (30 pts.) (20 pts.)
Imagery Used appropriate Used little imagery Did not use
imagery in the text. in the text. imagery in the
text.
Figures of Used figures of Used few figures of Did not use any of
Speech speech appropriately speech. the figures of
and considerably. speech.
Diction Diction is precise Diction is Diction is not
and appropriate to appropriate to the precise and
the situation. situation. appropriate.
Specific Experience is Experience is Did not
Experiences relatable to the somewhat incorporate
general readers. relatable to the meaningful
readers. experience.

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 What I Have Learned

Activity 6. Wandering minds

You just have learned about the literary devices which are needed in evoking
meaningful responses from the readers. Now, present these literary devices and their
features thru a creative graphic organizer. Use the box below for your output.

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 What I Can Do

Activity 7. Outside the Square

Amazing work for your creative G.O.! And now, it is your turn to write a
vignette. Be guided with the “What, Who, Why, Where, When, and How” in writing
your vignette. Incorporate imagery, figures of speech, diction, and specific
experiences to make it meaningful to the readers. Be guided by the rubric used in
Activity 5.

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 Assessment

Congratulations! You have come this far. It’s time to assess what you have
learned in this module. Write the letter of your answer on the blank before the
number.

_____ 1. “I heard the screeching of the door, and the sneaking of the shoes of my father
as he arrived from work.” This sentence is an example of onomatopoeia.
What words in the sentence that imitates the sound of the door?
a. screeching
b. sneaking
c. working
d. hearing

_____ 2. What is referred as the choice of words in a literary work to convey action,
reveal character, imply attitudes, identify themes, and suggest values?
a. specific experience
b. figures of speech
c. imagery
d. diction

_____ 3. What is known as the concrete representation of an idea by using language

that can evoke the five senses?
a. specific experience
b. figures of speech
c. imagery
d. diction

_____ 4. What technique in appreciating the literary work identifies the experience of
the writer which the readers can relate?
a. specific experience
b. figures of speech
c. choice of words
d. imagery

_____ 5. “I already produced buckets of tears in praying for my brother.” What figure
of speech is being used in this sentence?
a. hyperbole
b. paradox
c. irony
d. pun

_____ 6. What is known as the short literary piece that focuses on one scene giving
description about the character, idea, or setting?
a. flash fiction
b. synopsis
c. vignette
d. précis

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_____ 7. What is referred as the linguistic technique that produces special effect when
reading a literary piece?
a. rhetorical device
b. literary device
c. poetic device
d. images

_____ 8. What kind of diction uses familiar and casual words in conversation in a
relaxed from of language?
a. colloquial
b. informal
c. formal
d. slang

_____ 9. What is the figure of speech that uses the words “like, than or as” in
comparing things having common qualities?
a. personification
b. synecdoche
c. metaphor
d. simile

_____ 10. “Who does not want to have high grades?” What figure of speech is used in
this statement?
a. rhetorical question
b. rhetorical device
c. onomatopoeia
d. assonance

_____ 11. What type of diction does not allow contractions and first person pronouns?
a. colloquial
b. informal
c. formal
d. slang

_____ 12. What is the type of imagery that tickles the reader’s sense of touch?
a. gustatory
b. olfactory
c. auditory
d. tactile

_____ 13. What figure of speech gives human qualities to inanimate objects?
a. personification
b. metonymy
c. allusion
d. irony

_____ 14. What is the type of imagery that appeals to the sense of smell?
a. gustatory
b. olfactory
c. tactile
d. visual

_____ 15. Which of the following sentences has the olfactory imagery?

20
 a. Ivy has soft, smooth, fair, and radiant skin.
b. Her sakura like scent still lingers on me.
c. Mario is tall, dark, and handsome.
d. The cake is sandy and bittersweet.

Additional Activities

Activity 8. From words to shapes

In this activity, you are going to think of the frequently used words in this
lesson by making a tagxedo or word cloud. In conceptualizing your desired shape,
make it sure that it has a connection to the words that you are going to use. You can
use ballpen or pencil in creating your tagxedo. Do not forget also to make your draft
on a separate sheet of paper before finalizing your work on the space provided. Be
guided with the rubric below.

RUBRIC ON TAGXEDO
Indicators Very Good Good Developing
(30 pts.) (20 pts.) (10 pts.)
Information Information is Information is Information is
related to the topic. somewhat related to incomplete or not
the topic. related to the topic.
Aesthetics The design, color, The design, color, The design, color,
ant font size are and font size are not and font size are not
carefully chosen. so much carefully chosen carefully.
chosen.
Mechanics There are no There are few There are many
and erasures and erasures and errors erasures and
Neatness mistakes in spelling in spelling and mistakes in spelling
and punctuations. punctuations. and punctuations.

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 Answer Key

15.B
14.B scream of the folks (auditory)
13.A
(sight)
12.D
naked eyes inside that cove
11.C 10. Textual organisms visible to my
10.A 9. Doodle fiction beholding the diverse living
9. D
8. Literature water (tactile)
8. A
7. Poetry I was freezing from icy-cold
7. B
6. C 6. Blogs
stones (tactile)
5. A 5. Mood rough and smooth rocks and
4. A 4. Hyperpoetry
3. Theme sweet. (gustatory)
3. C
The water tastes fresh and
2. D 2. Flash fiction
1. A 1. Digi-fiction Images

Assessment What's In What's More

What's More
Figures of Speech
The countenance of the waterfalls was like a gigantic creature that is amiable yet very
dangerous. (simile)

It was indeed dangerously attractive. (oxymoron)

birds chirping, bustling of the waters (onomatopoeia)

It tried to entice me, so inviting yet posed a peril looking at the unknown depth of the
water. (personification)

Diction- Informal

References
K to 12 Curriculum Guide in Creative Writing
Imagery. Retrieved from
https://literaryterms.net/imagery/#:~:text=Imagery%20is%20language%20
used%20by,reader's%20experience%20through%20their%20senses.
Literary devices. Retrieved from Literary devices
https://literarydevices.net/imagery/

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 DISCLAIMER
This Self-learning Module (SLM) was developed by DepEd SOCCSKSARGEN
with the primary objective of preparing for and addressing the new normal.
Contents of this module were based on DepEd’s Most Essential Learning
Competencies (MELC). This is a supplementary material to be used by all
learners of Region XII in all public schools beginning SY 2020-2021. The
process of LR development was observed in the production of this module.
This is version 1.0. We highly encourage feedback, comments, and
recommendations.

For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

Department of Education – SOCCSKSARGEN

Learning Resource Management System (LRMS)

Regional Center, Brgy. Carpenter Hill, City of Koronadal

Telefax No.: (083) 2288825/ (083) 2281893

Email Address: region12@deped.gov.ph

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