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    HC Gamer
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    The human nervous system has three types of neurons - sensory neurons that receive information and send it to the central nervous system, relay neurons that pass messages within the central nervous system, and motor neurons that transmit messages from the central nervous system to muscles and glands. Information travels between neurons via synapses, where neurotransmitters are released to transmit nerve impulses. The brain, spinal cord, and spinal nerves make up the central nervous system, with the spinal cord serving as a reflex center to trigger immediate reflex actions like withdrawing your hand from a hot object without conscious thought.

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    THE NERVOUS SYSTEM

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    The human nervous system has three types of neurons - sensory neurons that receive information and send it to the central nervous system, relay neurons that pass messages within the central nervous system, and motor neurons that transmit messages from the central nervous system to muscles and glands. Information travels between neurons via synapses, where neurotransmitters are released to transmit nerve impulses. The brain, spinal cord, and spinal nerves make up the central nervous system, with the spinal cord serving as a reflex center to trigger immediate reflex actions like withdrawing your hand from a hot object without conscious thought.

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    6 views16 pages

    The Nervous System

    Uploaded by

    HC Gamer
    The human nervous system has three types of neurons - sensory neurons that receive information and send it to the central nervous system, relay neurons that pass messages within the central nervous system, and motor neurons that transmit messages from the central nervous system to muscles and glands. Information travels between neurons via synapses, where neurotransmitters are released to transmit nerve impulses. The brain, spinal cord, and spinal nerves make up the central nervous system, with the spinal cord serving as a reflex center to trigger immediate reflex actions like withdrawing your hand from a hot object without conscious thought.

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    THE

    NERVOUS
    SYSTEM
    IGCSE BIOLOGY 2022
    The human nervous system
    NERVOUS SYSTEM
    SENSORY NEURONS
    RELAY NEURONS

    MOTOR NEURONS
    SYNAPSE

    Synapse is a junction between two neurons, or a junction between neurone and an


    effector such as a muscle or a gland.
    Nerve impulses are transmitted across th synapse by certain chemicals released by
    the neurone. These chemicals are called neurotransmitters
    Brain, spinal cord and spinal
    nerves
    Spinal cord & Spinal nerve
    REFLEX ACTION
    A reflex action is an immediate response to a specific stimulus without conscious control

    The spinal cord and the brain are reflex centres. Reflex action maybe classified as follows :
    - Cranial reflexes : Control by the brain and usually occur in the head region. For example , Pupil
    reflex, blinking and salivation.
    - Spinal reflexes : Controlled by the spinal cord, for example , knee jerk reflexes and the sudden
    withdrawl of the hand on touching a hot object.
    What happens when your hand touches a hot object?
    A reflex arc is the shortest pathway by which nerve impulses travel from the receptor to the effector in
    a reflex action

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