THE EFFECTIVENESS OF BILINGUALISM TO THE LISTENING

COMPREHENSION OF THE STUDENTS

INTRODUCTION
Background of the Study

Language is a way of communicating with other people. This is a process in which a

teacher will impart or add knowledge to their students. At present, teachers are confused as to
what medium of instruction are they going to use in teaching. Research both abroad and around
the world proves the positive outcomes of bilingual education programs.

The study of (Cloud Sienesse, and Hamayan 2000) proves that their students in United
States outperform their monolingual counterparts in metalinguistic awareness, concept formation
tasks and analogical reasoning ability as well as in bilingual program among their peers in
standardized achievement test in either language (Howard et.al 2005).

Bilingualism is a process wherein two languages are used in speaking. One example of this
is Tagalog-English. It advances the use of Taglish in society and its importance as a mode of
discourse and linguistic resource. It has now reached the point where code switching is viewed as
a form of resistance to monolingualism. The use of Taglish is very rampant in the Philippines
because of tourists visiting the country (Bautista 2004). Bilingualism is switching to other
language. Nowadays, the problem is if it is effective in teaching.

According to Halai (2004) bilingualism interview describes the challenges faced and rules
deviced as part of a life history that connects diverse societies. More research studies have to
deal with research data in more than one language. Ester (2008) noted that the three districts in
Massachusetts resisted the monolingual ideology that characterizes laws mandating the
international implementation of English-only programs and addresses how local policies and
practices implementation complex and as language policy, it was constructed within each
contexts by the beliefs, experiences, and histories of individual involved. There are a lot of
difficulties related to bilingualism according to Sotiria (2004) that the developmental speech in
problems, and the speech problems derived from bilingualism.

In the classroom, students are prohibited to use Tagalog in expressing their ideas. It is true
that this may train students to speak fluently in English, but many Grade 12 students have the
eagerness to participate and recite but, they forbid themselves to do so, because they are shy that
their classmates might laugh at them for they might utter wrong grammar in English. Also with
the teacher, they feel that they are already very smart if they discussed their lesson fluently in
English, but did they consider if their students learned something from them. With the use of our
Mother Tongue, which is Tagalog, it would be more comprehensive on the part of the students.
The learning of Mathematics, Science and other subjects is currently not proceeding smoothly
due to the lack of ability in English. This is used for instruction in those courses, need to re-
examine bilingual education policy and improve the teaching of English.

Discussions about how to educate limited English proficient students often focuses on the
language of instruction. However, convincing recent evidence that bilingual education programs
and English-only programs in the country public and private schools are similarly effective in
their impacts on student achievement suggests that it could be more productive to shift the focus
from the language of instruction to the quality of instruction. Instruction should not the research
gap be of adequate intensity, provided by teachers qualified to teach limited English proficient
students, and supported by appropriate teaching and materials, regardless of the language of
instruction.

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

Generally,this study aims to find out how the use of two languages help in listening and
understanding of students at Nangi National High School. Specifically, it seeks to answer the
following questions:

1.What are the impacts of bilingualism to the academic performance of Grade 9-10 students in
Nangi National High school?

2.What are the effects of bilingualism in the learning and understanding process of the students?

3. Is there a significant relationship between the students and bilingualism as a medium of

instruction?

SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

This study will be beneficial the following:

School Administration. This study will benefit them in implementing rules and regulations that

will strengthen the use of bilingualism in improving the listening comprehension of the

student and teachers.

Teachers. It is easier for teachers who know more than one language to blend different
situations and switch quickly between different languages.

Parents. It improves communication among family members and enhances emotional bonds.

Students .It will strengthen cognitive abilities in which they can focus on variety of tasks
 simultaneously and be able to speak two languages.

Future researchers. They have enriched cognitive control, and improve metalinguistic

awareness, as well as better memory, visual -spatial skills and even creativity.

SCOPE AND LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY

This study focuses on the effectiveness of bilingualism to the listening comprehension of

the students. The the data collection will be conducted to 15% of the total population of Nangi
National High School Year 2022-2023 who will represent the population. This study will cover
on the effectiveness of bilingualism to the listening comprehension of the Grade 9-10 students
and will not cover any other problems. This will be done through the utilization of survey
questionnaire to the students. By their strategy, the researchers will be able to know the
effectiveness of bilingualism to the listening comprehension of the Grade 9-10 students.

DEFINITION OF TERMS

Bilingual. A bilingual is the one who use two language or more language cor dialects in their
everyday lives(Grossjean, 2010)

Bilingual education. A term that refers to the teaching of academic content in two languages, in
a native and second language. Varying amounts of each language are used depending on the
outcome goal of the model.

Language proficiency. It refers to the ones competence in speaking a particular language.Is the
ability to speak in a certain language or the ability to perform well with different language tasks.

Listening comprehension. It is the different process understanding the spoken language these
include knowing speech sounds, comprehending the meaning of individual word and
understanding the syntax of sentences (Nadig, 2013 as cited in pourchein Gikajeans & Sabourl,
2016)

Monolingual ideology. An ideology of monolingualism is the notion that communication only

happens through and by one language at a time. While it is clear that linguistic diversity is the
norm and not the exception, the ideology of monolingualism is pervasive and present in all
aspects of our daily lives.
 CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

Bilingualism
Listening Comprehension of the Students

INDEPENDENT VARIABLE DEPENDENT VARIABLE

The figure above shows the relationship between the dependent variable and independent
variable in the research study. Bilingualism is the independent variable while the dependent is
the effectiveness of bilingualism to the listening comprehension of the students.

Theoretical framework

The particular chapter will cover theories and relevant concepts to bilingualism expressed
by well-known theorists and researchers specialized on(second)language acquisition and
bilingual education.These theories started developing from the 70's and are updated until the
recent years.The purpose of the section is to provide a broader understanding on the field of
bilingualism since it is a complex phenomenon and numerous interpretation have been expressed
over the years about the effects of bilingualism on the brain functions and academic
achievement as well as the potential advantages of it.The chapter will commence the analysis
from a broader perspective by providing a general background about different types of
bilingualism and billinguals and afterwards it will focus on particular theories and concepts.

Hypothesis

There is no significant difference in the Academic performance of students when taught in

Bilingualism and monolingualism.

1. The researchers hypothesize that the difficulties encountered by the students in terms of
listening comprehension affect their performance in participating.

2. The researchers hypothesize that listening comprehension affects the students writing
performance during note taking.
 . The researchers hypothesize that the materials and strategies that have been develop to
improve students listening comprehension and effective of Bilingualism.
 Chapter II

Review of Related Literature

(ADD INTRODUCTION ABOUT YOUR RRL)

ADD RRL ABOUT THE FOLLOWING TOPICS:

Bilingualism

Code-Switching

Listening Comprehension

Students’ Achievements

The use of the Mother tongue plays a vital role in students’ learning. It develops the
students personal and functional literacy skills that enable the students to transfer the second
language (Bersaa 2006).The message of both local and international study is quite clear that
learners should not use in monolingual classrooms.Despite this growing body of research shows
the benefits maintenance and Bilingual programs , the Department of Education issued Executive
Order No. 210 declaring English to be the Medium of Instructions as second language.The
vividly shows the inconsistency between reality and rhetoric,pointed out by Gonzales still
persist.

Through the years, bilingual education has acquired many terms to mean a variety of
activities pertaining to second language learning. This is because education in more than one
languages necessary and common around the world ( Lessow-Hurley 2000).In the US alone ,
instruction or more has taken different forms, each with its own set of goals, design and manner
of implementation. A variety of labels , terminologies , programs , models and designs for types
of population is well documented in literature commonly used terms include dual language
education , two way immersion ; enrich education and developmental bilingual education. The
term indicates that teaching and learning is happening in two languages (Calderon et.al 2003).
Bilingualism instruction is used as an umbrella term for several types of program models which
use two languages for instruction with the goal of having students full conversational and
academic proficiency in two languages ( Freemen 2003).

According to the research " Iranian Bilingual students reported use of language switching
when doing Mathematics by Zahra et.al (2008).Told that the Iranian students would continue to
patronize code - switching because it helps them a lot in understanding and completing
Mathematical task in mainstream classroom. Together with the Research " Bilingual students
using their languages for different purposes depending on the complexity on the Mathematical
practices and in relation to different social setting that coexist within the classroom. By the use
of the first Language , students tend to understand better the topic that is being discussed in
Mathematics " by Planas (2009) which is in the research they have describe the commonalities in
the use of Spanish and Catalan by a group of bilingual students shows that the immigrant
bilinguals social interaction with classroom Mathematics is accomplished through using the two
languages.

(add your own conclusion about your gathered RRL)

 Chapter lll

Research Methodology

This chapter characterized by research design, locale of the study, respondents of the
study, research instrument, data gathering procedure and data analysis are all presented in this
research

Research Design

This study make use of self- constructed survey questionnaire in gathering the data to
determine the attitudes of students towards the effectiveness of bilingualism.

This qualitative research utilized multiple case study to describe the travails of the Junior
High School students specifically grade nine ( 9 ) to ten ( 10 ) in expressing their thoughts and
emotions in Bilingual language specifically Tagalog to English. The struggles of the students
dealing with their affective filters as they learn English as a second language, the reasons of the
identified multiple struggles of learning Bilingual language dealing with their affective filters as
they learn English as a second language, the students copying mechanisms dealing with their
affective filters as they learn English as a second language and help them to enhance their
listening comprehension in school.

In this design, the different challenges of Junior High School students in self- expression
were uncovered. Therefore, open-ended questions we used rather than close - ended questions
to allow quality information to be prepared by the participants as much as possible. This will
allow them to express their view about the problems in their own words.

On the other hand, multiple case study we used in this research because this investigation
focused only on the two cases of the students who represented the Grade 9 and 10 levels offered
in Nangi, National High School, Upi, Maguindanao Del Norte.

Multiple case study allows a wider discovering of theoretical evolution and research
questions. When the suggestions are more intensely grounded in different empirical evidence,
this type of case study also create a more convincing theory ( Eisenhardt and Graebner, 2007).
Locale of the study

This study was conducted at Nangi National High School,Nangi Upi Maguindanao.

Respondents of the study

The respondents of this study are randomly selected students from grade 9 and grade 10
students of Nangi National High School S.Y. 2022-2023

Sampling technique

There was 100 students who were randomly selected as the respondents of this study.The
respondents answered through the use of the survey questionnaire.

Data Analysis Procedure

The collected data was analyze using quantitative data analysis.Descriptive analysis such
as frequencies and percentages were used to present quantitative data collected from randomly
students using survey questionnaire.
Research Instrument

This research used semi-structured survey questionnaire as data collection instrument which
was considered but fit to gather the needed data required in this study. The instrument contained
the main question reflecting the variables needed to be included. In the survey questionnaire and
the probe - question which intent to gather more relevant data from the participants. The
researcher is use survey questionnaire to gather and collect the data of the study.

Data Gathering Procedure

The researcher will write a letter to the Principal of Nangi National High School, Ma'am
Aileen O. Jovero to conduct the study in this institution. Once granted permission,the researcher
will schedule date and time of the survey. The questionnaire will be distributed to the
respondents. The questionnaire contains of five (5) questions. The students will then read and
comprehend the content of questionnaire and provide the answers. Students chosen to be
respondents will be compensated for their participants in the study. Untimately, the answered
survey questionnaires will then be collected and reviewed for analysis.The collected data was
analyze using quantitative data analysis.Descriptive analysis such as frequencies and percentages
were used to present quantitative data collected from randomly students using survey
questionnaire.