2.

3
Linear Coefficients
In Two Variables

ENGR. NADINE ALEX C. BRAVO, REE, RME

Linear Coefficients in Two Variables
The first order differential equation of the form M x, y dx + N x, y dy = 0
is called differential equation with linear coefficients in two linear
variables if
M x, y = a1 x + b1 y + c1
N x, y = a2 x + b2 y + c2 .
Thus, the differential equation can be written as
a1 x + b1 y + c1 dx + a2 x + b2 y + c2 dy = 0.

ENGR. NADINE ALEX C. BRAVO, REE, RME

 Linear Coefficients in Two Variables
𝒂𝟏 𝐱 + 𝒃𝟏 𝐲 + 𝒄𝟏 𝐝𝐱 + 𝒂𝟐 𝐱 + 𝒃𝟐 𝐲 + 𝒄𝟐 𝐝𝐲 = 𝟎

Solution: Illustrations:
• Equate the linear coefficients to zero. Solve 1. 𝒙 − 𝒚 + 𝟐 𝒅𝒙 + 𝒙 + 𝒚 − 𝟒 𝒅𝒚 = 𝟎
for the intersection. 2. 𝒚 − 𝟏 𝒅𝒙 + 𝒙 + 𝒚 + 𝟏 𝒅𝒚 = 𝟎
• Let h = x coordinate and k = y coordinate 3. 𝟐𝒙 + 𝒚 − 𝟑 𝒅𝒙 + 𝟓𝒅𝒚 = 𝟎

• Substitute x = u + h ; dx = du and y = v + k ;
dy = dv
• After simplifying, apply solution to HDE.
• Use u = pv and du = pdv + vdp

ENGR. NADINE ALEX C. BRAVO, REE, RME

D ( x y + 2) dx
- +
City 4) dy -
:O

-2
✗
y
+2=0 → ✗
Y =
-
-

✗+ 4=0 ✗ +
y
=
4
y
-

✗ = I = In
=3 =
K
y

Sub ✗ U + 1 ✓ +3
y
= =

DX =
du dy
=
dv

it
[ (41-1) -
( Vt 3) +2
] da t
[ (4+1)+(81-3) -

4) dv = 0

(4 V
) da t ( ut V ) dv =
0

(
-

i. ADE , 1st
-

degree
sub 4 =
pv
du =

pdv +
Vdp

pidv vdp) (

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( + +

+
( pit -
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✓ ( p
>
+ Ddv t ( p -
1) dp =o
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j +

1,9¥
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tan
-

a + I u + c
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=

;
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= Pdp
 Inv (15+1)
'

f- In tan
-

+ c
p
-
=

pv
f-
u=
p =

Inv
± In
[1-2+1]
+
tan f-
'
=c
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-

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V2
) c)
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In 2 tan
-

t
if C
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( ultra )
✓
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In tan
du
-
2 =
c

✗ = U t 1 U = ✗ -
i

vtz 3
y r
y
= = -

( ]
'
"
In (x-D + ( y -37 -

2 tan ✗ -1
= C
g
y
-

[
'
]
' "
In × -2×+1 +
y ay +9 2 tan
¥3
-
-

= C

[ -2×-641-10]
2 '
In '

gg=c
+ y 2 tan
-

✗ -

"
( x't y
'
-
2x
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C + 2 tan

y -3
e e

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2x + to
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"
'¥z
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=
✗ 1-
y @
-
2) Cy -

1) DX + ( ✗
+y+Ddy=o

µ
y -1=0
→
y= 1 1<=1

✗ +4+1=0 → ✗ 1-1+1=0

✗ = -2 h= -2

, a. , , , ,
×
y
. ,

DX =
du dy = dv

[4+17-1]-
-
du +
[ Cu -

2) + ( rtl) +1 ] dv=o

du ( V1 dv

£
v + u + = 0

HDE, 1st degree

"
du =

pdvt vdp

, +
rap, + ( putrid ' -

-
0

pvdvtvdv-02-pdtd.tv
pvdv +
Pdp +

Zdp = o

v ( Zpt 1) dv + v
'

dp
= 0

(210+1) v2

f +

f¥+ =P ,

2
/ Inv +
tzlnczpti) =

c) 2
Ii +
1nD=c
☒ V' (212+1) = C
e

V2 ( 2pm) =
C
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pi p
=

if
V1
[ 2¥ +
1) = C

if -2¥] c
-

r ( zu + v1 c <

①
=

✗ = U
✓
-

+
2
,
4
✓
- I
y
= = -

✓ (g- 1) [ 21×+2 ) t
y
-

I ] =
C

(y ) -1 ( 2×+4 + D =
C
y
-

Cy -1 ) (2×+9+3) = C
It
'

'
2x
2xy +
y +3g
-

y2 t
2×y 2×+29 = C
-
g) ( Zxty -

3) DX t
Edy = 0

(
✓ it
sixty -3
=

dy =
201×+019
yay , ay , za ,

0 it DX + b- ( du -
2dx ) = 0

¥ + b- die
-1¥ =o

( u -10)dx + b- du = 0

so +1%4-0--9
"

✗ t 5 In (4-10) =
C ; u= 2×+9-3

✗ t 5 In (2×+9-3-10) = c

✗ t 5 In (2×1-4-13) = C

Ynczxty B) = c- ✗
-

e e

"
✗
(2×+9-13) = c. e-
"

(2×+4-13) =
c-
✓ ex

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