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This chapter presents the related literature and studies after a complete
understanding on the research findings done by the researchers. These are significant
studies that will be used as resources which are conducted by several authors who
One study conducted by Madhudbala Bava Harji, Peter Charles Woods, and
Zhinoos Kamal Alavi on 2010 focused on the effectiveness of viewing English subtitles
videos on the EFL learner’s vocabulary learning. The participants were 92 Iranian
Iran. Having set two homogenized groups on the basis of their English language
students) and treatment group (consist of 45 students). They were given two different
instructions, one practicing instructional video episodes with subtitles and the other
without subtitles. Their vocabulary learning was tested by a Content Specific Test
(CST). The mean scores of the two groups were compared through a t-test. The
findings illustrated that participants viewing the videos with subtitles could obtain a
significantly higher mean score of the CST vocabulary tests than that of the ones who
viewed the videos without subtitles. The findings of this research can get educators well
with the Mean and Standard deviation results of control group (Mean =31.79,
After four years, the thesis was studied further by the same researchers on 2014.
They published the study entitled “Captioned Instructional Video: Effects on Content
with English videos, content specific test & Michigan English Test. Results presented
similar significance that the experimental group outperformed the control group based
on the values obtained recorded as experimental group (M= 19.13 SD= 3.18) and
among Upper Secondary School Studies” on 2011, used a quantitative and qualitative
method with respondents from a government run Secondary School located in Kedah,
Malaysia. The study investigated whether learners exposed to songs using YouTube
traditional teacher-fronted approach. The participants are Secondary level learners with
videos and 34 students in the control group who were exposed to traditional teacher-
fronted method. The study utilized the vocabulary set and journal entries all throughout
the six weeks’ time period of the treatment for a total of 12 sessions. The result showed
that there was a significant difference between the scores of the experimental group
suggest that using songs on YouTube offered statistically significant effect to improve
qualitative and quantitative method in gathering and analyzing the data. The participants
include 73 students from 4 th grade at Primary State School in Ankara, Turkey. There
were 37 students for experimental group who were exposed to 6 YouTube video-songs
and 36 students for control group who were provided with course and activity books.
The researchers provided vocabulary test. And the results showed a significant
difference between the experimental group who scored a mean value of 53. 77 and the
control group with mean value of 30.73. The researchers concluded that streaming
YouTube video-songs is effective in catching the children’s attention and interest when
learning vocabulary.
investigating the effect of using children's songs in developing the elementary graders'
the use of songs in their English classes. The participants were 123 EFL students of the
fourth grade; 72 females and 51 males. Arabic is their native language. Both groups are
from four private schools in Jerusalem; two groups for boys, and two groups for girls.
One boys’ school and one girls’ school were chosen to be the experimental group
consisting of 58 participants, while the other boys’ and girls’ schools were chosen to be
the control group consisting of 65 participants. Study data were collected via students'
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pre and post tests and teachers' questionnaire. Exams results showed that students
have improved their vocabulary and pronunciation due to the use of songs in learning.
Questionnaire results showed that teachers have positive attitudes towards the use of
Another study conducted by Hakimi and Koosha entitled “The Effect of Watching
English Language Videos on Iranian EFL Learners' Cultural Awareness and Incidental
Vocabulary Learning” on 2016 explored the effect of watching foreign language (FL)
videos to improve the EFL learner’s incidental vocabulary learning. two intact classes,
taught by same instructor were considered as the two groups of the study. The
participants were 70 Iranian EFL learners with 35 on the experimental group who have
been exposed to the watch the videos during five sessions, and 35 on the control group
who did not have the opportunity to watch the videos. The Vocabulary Knowledge Scale
that uses TED videos a YouTube channel as part of the intervention process. Five (5)
TED videos were chosen in the study because they are freely available online and
vocabularies. Base on the result, the paired t-test showed that the experimental group
significantly outperformed the control group. With the grand mean of 16.771 on the
experimental and 2.514 on the control and standard deviation of 4.863 on the
experimental and 12.299 on the control group. This shows that watching FL videos
effectiveness of integrating YouTube videos which get the interest of the students in
vocabulary learning through multiple senses attractions since the all of the studies’
results showed significant achievement after the treatment was implemented on the
learners.