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OMPOUND MICROSCOPEFOREWORD

Self Learning Kit in Science 7 has been made for

Grade 7 students. This self learning kit complies with the
learning standards and competencies prescribed by the
K-12 curriculum of the Department of Education. This is
actually the second part of the SLK entitles: A Channel to
the Unseen World (Parts of the Microscope and Its
Functions).

The main components found in this Self Learning Kit

are as follows:

I. What Happened -This is a pre-assessment.

It includes introductory activity of the topic that may also
serve as the springboard of the lesson.

II. What I Need to Know - This is the lesson proper of

the discussion part and where you can easily identify
essential concepts.

III. What I Have Learned - This is the post test part or it

may be a set of enrichment activities where it provides
opportunity to evaluate performance an gauge the skills
that you have acquired.

May you enjoy reading and learning at the same

time as you turn the pages of this Self Learning Kit with the
scientific skills intact. Continue to be amazed in this
fascinating world of Science.

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 OBJECTIVES
LEARNING COMPETENCY:
K. Describe the process of preparing a wet mount
S. Focus specimens under the microscope
A. Cite ways on how to properly keep and maintain the
microscope.

LEARNING COMPETENCY
Focus specimen using the microscope. (S7LT-IIa-2)

I. WHAT HAPPENED

Hello my dear students,

today

We are going to learn

the tips on how to focus
specimen using a
compound microscope.
But before that let me
give you some activities
to get you started as we
enter the channel to the
unseen world.

https://images.app.goo.gl/h8Hz4LRvxLsJpgVD8

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PRE-TEST
A. Modified True or False. Write True if the statement is correct and False
if the statement is wrong. Change the underlined word or group of words that
make(s) the statement false. Write the answers in your notebook.
1. Specimens should be small and thin for light to pass through.
2. A drop of colored water will act as a mounting medium.
3. Turning the fine adjustment upwards raised the objective.
4. Parfocal means the image in clear focus under the LPO remains focused
after
shifting to HPO.
5. The magnification of a specimen can be calculated by multiplying the
number
found in the eyepiece with the number found in the revolving nosepiece.
B. Choose from the word or group of words below to answer the given
questions. Write your answer(s) in your notebook.
40x move to the right side inverted moves forward
10x move to the left side LPO moves
backward
cover slip stage clip HPO specimen
1. It is small and thin for microscopic study.
2. How did the letters appear under the microscope?
3. How many times were the images of the letters magnified in the LPO?
4. How many times were the images of the letters magnified in the HPO?
5. What happened to the specimen as you moved them to the
5. right side ______________
6. left side _______________
7. What happened to the specimen as you moved it forward?
8. What happened to the specimen as you moved it backward?
9. What is placed to cover the drop of water for microscopic study?
10. What objective is used at the start for viewing the specimen?

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C. Arrange the following statements in correct order of action. Use no.1 to 10
to show chronological order. Write the answers in your notebook.

I. Making a Wet Mount

____ a. Add a drop of tap water over the specimen
____ b. Cut out a small and thin part of a specimen to be used
____ c. Make the bubble move towards the edge of the cover slip by

tapping it gently with the eraser-end of a pencil

____ d. Slowly lower the other edge of the cover slip until it rests on the
water and the specimen
____ e. Position the cover slip at 45° with one side touching one edge of
the water on the slide
II. Observing Specimens
____ a. Raise the body tube first to shift to the HPO
____ b. Put the slide on the stage and hold it firmly with the stage clip.
____ c. Looking from the side, turn the revolving nosepiece to put the
HPO in place.
____ d. Watching from the side, carefully lower the body tube until th
end of the LPO almost touches the cover slip.
____ e. Then, using the fine adjustment slowly lower the objective until it
almost touches the cover slip. Turn it until you see the clearest
image as you look through the eyepiece.
____ f. Look through the eyepiece and slowly turn the coarse
adjustment upwards to raise the objective and until you see the image
clearly.
____ g. Look through the microscope again and slowly move the slide
to the right, then to the left.

II. WHAT I NEED TO KNOW

Proper use of the microscope in studying
specimens
A. Preparing a wet mount
 A small and thin part or sample of any material https://classroomclipart.com/images/gallery/
Clipart/Science/girl-doing-experiment-petri-dish-
used for microscopic study or examinations is icroscope.jpg

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 called a specimen.
 Using a cut out of a small letter “e” is suitable for observation under a
microscope.
 After cutting the small letter “e” (as the specimen), add a drop of tap
water over it for it acts as a mounting medium and makes a clear
image of the specimen.
 Position the cover slip with one side touching one edge of the water on
the slide at about 45°.
 Slowly lower the other edge of the cover slip until it rests on the water
and the specimen.
 If there are bubbles in the preparation, remove or minimize the bubbles
by tapping the cover slip with the eraser-end of a pencil moving the
bubbles towards the edge of the cover slip.

B. Viewing the specimen under the microscope

 Place the slide on the stage with the specimen (example small letter
“e”) in a normal reading position. Make sure that the specimen is in the
center of the hole in the stage and under the LPO. Firmly hold the slide
with the stage clips.
 Watching from the side, carefully lower the body tube until the end of
the LPO almost touches the cover slip.
 Look through the eyepiece (with both of your eyes open) and slowly
adjust the coarse adjustment until the specimen is seen clearly.
 The small letter “e” viewed under the microscope looks inverted
“ə” like this.
 Look through the microscope again then move the slide slowly to
the right, left, forward and backward.
 As you do this, moving the specimen to right the direction of the
image moves to the left. Moving the specimen to the left, the
direction of the image moves to the right. Moving the slide
forward, the image direction is backward. And when moving the
side backward, the direction of the image is forward.
 To sharpen the focus of the image, raise the body tube first to shift to
the HPO.
 Looking from the side, turn the revolving nosepiece to put the HPO in
place.
 Using the fine adjustment slowly lower the objective until it almost
touches the cover slip. Turn it until you see the clearest image as you
look through the eyepiece.
 When changing objectives, you have to watch from the side to
 Use the fine adjustment knob to sharpen the image. Never use
the coarse adjustment or it may break the microscopic slide or
the microscope

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  The advantages of using the HPO are the image is greatly
magnified and the details of the specimen’s structure can be
observed
 The disadvantages are: reduce field of view and the whole
specimen cannot be observed
 The light is darker in the HPO
 The light is brighter in the LPO
 Current microscope models are said to be parfocal which means the
image is in clear focus under the LPO and remains focused after
shifting to HPO. If the microscope is not parfocal, turn slightly the fine
adjustment knob to get a clear picture.

C. Calculating the Magnification

 The magnification of a specimen can be calculated by multiplying the
number found in the eyepiece with the number found on the objective
being used. So if a specimen is viewed using a 10x objective and a 10x
eyepiece, it will be magnified 100 times (100x).

D. Taking care of the microscope after using

 Lift the stage clips to remove the slide from the stage.
 Wash and wipe dry the slide and cover slip.
 Dispose trash or other materials properly.

E. Storing the microscope after every use

 Turn the revolving nosepiece until the LPO is in place.
 Lower down the body tube so that the end of the objective is
approximately 1cm above the stage.
 Position the clips so that they do not extend beyond the sides of the
stage.
 Rotate the diaphragm until the smallest opening is in position.
 Position the mirror with the concave side facing the uses to protect it
from dust.
 If some microscope boxes have a socket for eyepiece, remove the
eyepiece from the body tube and place it in the socket.
 Cover the microscope with a clean plastic bag cover, big enough to
cover the microscope in case the microscope’s plastic cover has been
lost or destroyed.
 Carry the microscope with one hand on the arm and the other hand
on the base and put it back on the storage cabinet or to your teacher.

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III. WHAT I HAVE LEARNED

At this moment, I am sure you will be ready to focus a specimen using

a compound microscope. Remember the tips you will do in
preparing a wet mount, in viewing the specimen under a
microscope, in getting the magnification and as well as in taking
care and storing it after every use. Are you ready to do the next task?

I. Match Column A with Column B. Write the letter of the correct answer in
your notebook.
Column A Column B
___ 1. It is used for microscopic study and A. coarse adjustment knob
must be small and thin for light to B. fine adjustment knob
___ 2. It acts as a mounting medium and C. specimen
makes the image clear D. Parfocal
___ 3. Part of the microscope that when E. tap water
it’s turned upward raised the F. Magnification of a
objectives specimen
___ 4. The image is in clear focus under
the LPO still remains focused after
shifting to the HPO
___ 5. It is calculated by multiplying the number

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 found in the eyepiece with the number
found in the objective
II. Multiple Choice. Read the following questions carefully. Write the letter of
the correct answer in your notebook.
1. What objective is used at the start for viewing the specimen?
a. scanner and oil-immersion objectives
b. low-power objective
c. low-power & high-power objective
d. high-power objective
2. What is placed to cover the drop of water for microscopic study?
a. stage clip c. cover slip
b. tap water d. glass slide
3. What happened to the specimen as you moved it backward? It moves
______
a. right side b. left side c. forward d. backward
4. What happened to the specimen as you moved it forward? It moves
________
a. right side b. left side c. forward d. backward
5. What happened to the specimen as you moved it to the right? It moves
_____
a. right side b. left side c. forward d. backward
6. What happened to the specimen as you moved it to the left? It moves
______
a. right side b. left side c. forward d. backward
7. What objective that will give us the clearest image?
a. scanner + LPO c. HPO
b. scanner + oil-immersion d. LPO
8. Why not use the coarse adjustment knob to sharpen the image?
a. It gives a dull image
b. It may crash and break the microscopic slide
c. Its field of view is limited
d. It is not used to sharpen the image
9. What is the magnification of the specimen if the eyepiece is 12x and the
objective is 40x?
a. 4.8x b. 48x c. 480x d.4.80x
10. If a cell is magnified 400x under HPO, what is the magnifying power of the
eyepiece?
a. 4x b. 40x c. 10x d. 12x

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III. Arrange the following statement in order by numbering them
chronologically from 1 to 10.

A. Making a Wet Mount

____ a. Add a drop of tap water over the specimen
____ b. Cut out a small and thin part of a specimen to be used
____ c. Make the bubble move towards the edge of the cover slip by
tapping it gently with the eraser-end of a pencil
____ d. Slowly lower the other edge of the cover slip until it rests on the
water and the specimen
____ e. Position the cover slip at 45° with one side touching one edge of
the water on the slide
B. Observing Specimens
____ a. Raise the body tube first to shift to the HPO
____ b. Put the slide on the stage and hold it firmly with the stage clip.
____ c. Looking from the side, turn the revolving nosepiece to put the
HPO in place.
____ d. Watching from the side, carefully lower the body tube until the
end of the LPO almost touches the cover slip.
____ e. Then, using the fine adjustment slowly lower the objective until it
almost touches the cover slip. Turn it until you see the clearest
image as you look through the eyepiece.
____ f. Look through the eyepiece and slowly turn the coarse
adjustment upwards to raise the objective and until you see the image
clearly.
____ g. Look through the microscope again and slowly move the slide
to the right, then to the left.

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REFERENCES:
Practical Science 7 (DIWA textbooks), Chapter 4, pp.107-112
SCIENCE for the 21st Century Learner (DIWA textbooks), Lesson 2,
pp. 131-135
Science Grade 7 Learner’s Material, Unit 2, pp. 99- 102

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 DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
SCHOOLS DIVISION OF NEGROS ORIENTAL

SENEN PRISCILLO P. PAULIN, CESO V

Schools Division Superintendent

FAY C. LUAREZ, TM, Ed.D., Ph.D.

OIC - Assistant Schools Division Superintendent
Acting CID Chief

NILITA L. RAGAY, Ed.D.

OIC - Assistant Schools Division Superintendent

ROSELA R. ABIERA
Education Program Supervisor – (LRMS)

ARNOLD R. JUNGCO
Education Program Supervisor – (SCIENCE & MATH)

MARICEL S. RASID
Librarian II (LRMDS)

ELMAR L. CABRERA
PDO II (LRMDS)

MA. ALETTA AARONA REPOLLO GAJELOMO

Writer

RAFAEL REX B. FELISILDA

Layout Artist
_________________________________
ALPHA QA TEAM
MA. ALETTA AARONA R. GAJELOMO
JUSTIN PAUL ARSENIO C. KINAMOT
MIEL C. PACULANANG
PETER PAUL A. PATRON

BETA QA TEAM
LIEZEL A. AGOR
MARY JOYCEN A. ALAM-ALAM
JUSTIN PAUL ARSENIO C. KINAMOT
PETER PAUL A. PATRON
THOMAS JOGIE U. TOLEDO

DISCLAIMER

The information, activities and assessments used in this material are designed to provide accessible
learning modality to the teachers and learners of the Division of Negros Oriental. The contents of this module
are carefully researched, chosen, and evaluated to comply with the set learning competencies. The writers
and evaluator were clearly instructed to give credits to information and illustrations used to substantiate this
material. All content is subject to copyright and may not be reproduced in any form without expressed written
consent from the division. 12
SYNOPSIS:

This Self Learning Kit is made for

Grade 7 students in the Science 7
topic about the microscope
where students are able to
determine the tips in focusing
specimen using the compound
microscope.
May you have fun using this SLK
learning the techniques on how
to view and focus specimen and
apply it further using the real
compound microscope.

ABOUT THE AUTHOR

Ma. Aletta Aarona Repollo Gajelomo is a

Science teacher of Siaton National High
School, Siaton, Negros Oriental. She obtained
her Bachelor’s degree in General Science
from St. Paul College of Dumaguete (snow St.
Paul University of Dumaguete). She earned 36
masteral units (Complete Academic
Requirements) from the University of Southern
Philippines in Lahug, Cebu City. She is currently
a Secondary School Teacher III of Siaton
National High School and a District Science
Coordinator of Siaton 2 District.

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