2022-1: 건축산업에서 환경적인 뭘을 고려하기 시작 .

뼈에서 이에 대응할 전문 인력 필요

최소한 .
친환경 회사와 이야기가 되는 인력 필요

2.
by In Park
Konkuk University
 맨
컨설팅 '
정책적 NeD
一까迲 ( 외부자문)
가 있기에 .

)
.

건축 -
전기
법
/ Y조경 r
^

인테리어 시공
시행사

따라서 우리는 이런
법에 대해서
0하야 한다 .
2.1
2.1.1
2.1.2
2.1.3
2.2
2.2.1
2.2.2
2.3
2.3.1.
2.3.2
2.3.3
2.

: ,

: ,
< : >
2.
: ,
, ,
(ESCO) ,

(ESCO: Energy Service COmpany)

에너지를 절약한 부분을 보조금으로 지원받아 . 공사비 같은

시공비를 꿰는 사업
ESCO

- ESCO (

=
),
( )
-
-
 2.1
2.1.1
1)
- 91 3 :
- 21 :
클수록 이용자도 많고

.nu/iiT
,

2)
- 59 2 :

- 91 1 : 59
- 91 3 : 59
- 22 :

- 23 :

녹색 건축물 조성 지원법 및 시행규칙 7조 에너지 절약계획서 등

 1. ,
1.
2. ,
2.

1. 50

2. 22
,
60 500
3)
- 87 :( ) ,
onnnnmerneeeehhheed
,

.
듔,

- 3 , 23 :( ) 1
1 , 26 1
.
4)
- 87 : , , , , ,
,
.

5)
- 11 2:( )
l

.
5) 근데 거의 없어짐
pas
- 37 : ( ) 6
( ) . ,
87 2 .

4 10 2 , 10
10 5 1
.

.
 ( )
, ,
, , 1
3 ,
6 .
,
 ( )
:
, ,

(EPI: Energy Performance Index):

,
.
( 500m2)
14 , 10 7 ,
( 2017-881 )
 →→砬 기관은
한국생산성縣旣
이외에 많이 있음 .

:
, , , , ,
Source: http://www.kpcqa.or.kr/arch/arch02_01.asp
 : 500m2 ( ,
)
- , 1( ), 2( 1+
)
- , (3000m2 ), (500~3000m2 )

:
X
X
O 500 O
O 500 X
1 3 ,
13 , 16
X X
27
 :
-
-
-
Source: http://www.chungyeon.co.kr/
 ,
(1975 ) (1979 ) (1980 )
(1976 )

2 3
20%
, , ,
(2001 ) (2003 )
(1984 ) (1987 )

(2008 ) (2009 ) (2010 ) (2013 )

< . >

1975 . &

(2018 )
Divided into three regions P 세계 지역으로 나누는게 합리적일까 ?

1군 호남
.
.
영서 .

해안

곐 .

2013
Divided into four regions
 ( ) ( )

0.7 4.5
4
0.6
3.5
0.5
3

W/M2K
W/M2K

0.4 2.5
0.3 2
1.5
0.2
1
0.1
0.5
0 0
1987.7.21 2001.1.17 2008.7.10 2011.2.1 2013.3.13 1987.7.21 2001.1.17 2008.7.10 2011.2.1 2013.3.13
0.58 0.47 0.47 0.36 0.27 3.37 3.84 3 2.1 1.5

< 4. ( )> < 5. ( )>

.(
)
2001 1987
.

.
 ( ) ( )

0.5 0.45
0.45 0.4
0.4 0.35
0.35 0.3 30%
0.3

W/m2K
0.25
W/m2K

0.25
0.2
0.2
0.15
0.15
0.1
0.1
0.05 0.05
0 0
1987.7.21 2001.1.17 2008.7.10 2011.2.1 2013.3.13 1987.7.21 2001.1.17 2008.7.10 2011.2.1 2013.3.13
0.47 0.35 0.35 0.27 0.27 0.41 0.35 0.35 0.3 0.23

< . ( < )> . ( )>

.( )
 ( 6 :
)

- :
2.5 (
) 1 ( )
7 . 7

. ,
.
[ 7]
 2.1
2.1.2

.
- : ( )

.
3 ( )

,
.

.
2.1.3 ( : )
:

-
,
 2.2
2.2.1
.
- 66 : ,
2.2.2
1)
- 14 ( )
,
,

, ,
.
2)
- 25 ( ) 3

( )
.
 2.3
2.3.1
- : ,
.
- 2001
- : , , , , . 500
-

http://www.kpcqa.or.kr/arch/arch01_02.asp
-
17
(
623 , 2018-209 )
(
2018-675 )
(
2019-188 )
( 2017-811
 1 1
-
(kWh/ ) (kWh/ )
/
1+++ 60 80
1 10
(1+++ ~ 7 ) 1++ 60 90 80 140

1+ 90 120 140 200

1 =( + + + +
1 120 150 200 260
)/ *1
2 150 190 260 320

3 190 230 320 380

4 230 270 380 450

5 270 320 450 520

6 320 370 520 610

7 370 420 610 700

 1

, ( )
1

http://www.phiko.kr/bbs/board.php?bo_table=z3_01&wr_id=5

( , ) 1.1
2.75
0.728
0.937
2.3.1
-
( : 2023 12 31 )

1+ 10% 5%

1~3 : 20%

( , 4 : 18%
1++ )
5 : 15%

1+ 10% 7%
1 7% 3%
- : ,

( )
ZEB 1 (1++ ) 100% 15%
ZEB 2 (1++ ) 80% ~ 100% 14%
ZEB 3 (1++ ) 60% ~ 80% 13%
ZEB 4 (1++ ) 40% ~ 60% 12%
ZEB 5 (1++ ) 20% ~ 40% 11%
1++ 20% 10%

1+ 9%
1+ 6%
1 6%
1 3%
-
: ,

(
)
ZEB 1 (1++ ) 100% 15%
ZEB 2 (1++ ) 80% ~ 100% 14%
ZEB 3 (1++ ) 60% ~ 80% 13%
ZEB 4 (1++ ) 40% ~ 60% 12%
ZEB 5 (1++ ) 20% ~ 40% 11%
1++ 20% 10%
2.3.2 (G-SEED)
- :
.
2003.06.28 0

- :
 [ 1] 7 ( , ,
, , , , , , )

( 1 ), ( 2 ), ( 3 ), ( 4
)
0
4
- :

1. , , ,

2. , , , , ,

3. , ,

4. , , ,

5. , ,

6. , ,

7. , , , , ,

http://www.kpcqa.or.kr/arch/arch01_02.asp
- :

http://www.kpcqa.or.kr/arch/arch01_02.asp
2.3.3
- (Zero-Energy
Building):

https://new-q-cells.com/en/sub.php?idx=437&division=2&page=3
https://zeb.energy.or.kr/BC/BC02/BC02_03_001.do
-

https://zeb.energy.or.kr/BC/BC02/BC02_01_001.do
-

https://new-q-cells.com/en/sub.php?idx=437&division=2&page=3
 -

ZEB ,

1 100% 15% 100%

80%
2 14% 100%
~ 100%

60%
3 13% 100%
~ 80%

40%
4 12% 50%
~ 60%

20%
5 11% 30%
~ 40%

1. 15% , 2. 20% , 3. , 4.
15%
https://new-q-cells.com/en/sub.php?idx=437&division=2&page=3
2022-1:

3.
by In Park

Konkuk University
2022-1:

3.
by In Park

Konkuk University
3.1

3.1.1

3.1.2

3.1.3

3.2

3.2.1

3.2.2

3.2.3

3.3

3.3.1.

3.3.2

3.3.3

2
3.1.
3.1.1
- :

3
Source: https://www.eia.gov/energyexplained/electricity/delivery-to-consumers.php
2020 : (19.2%), (27.1%), LNG(32.2%),
(15.1%), (6.3%)

4
 ( )
,
, , , ( )

, , ( , , )
.

5
 ( ) .
- .

6
 (Peak Clipping)
- .

(Load Shifting)
-
.

Source:https://www.usaid.gov/energy/efficiency/basics

7
3.1.2

8
Source: https://www.seas.ucla.edu/~pilon/PCMIntro.html
 (2019 )
(www.greentogether.go.kr)

9
3.1.3
1) (Energy Intensity) → 제품 하나 생산하는데 어느정도 에너지 사용 ?
-

- (GDP) 1000
( TOE or KgOE)

- 一峀 , ,

- .

10
 11
https://ourworldindata.org/grapher/energy-intensity-vs-gdp
But,
.

12
- - -
- - -
- - - ,
- - - ( ),
- - - ,
- - ,

- -
- - - ,
-
- - ,
-
- - ,
-

13
 1-10Er 107Kcal
2) 107tE 1kcal
MJ kcal (10-3toe) MJ kcal (10-3toe)
=
kg 45.0 10,750 1.075 42.2 10,080 1.008

L 32.7 7,810 0.781 30.4 7,260 0.726

- L 36.7 8,770 0.877 34.2 8,170 0.817

(TOE)
L 37.8 9,030 0.903 35.2 8,410 0.841

B-A L 39.0 9,310 0.931 36.4 8,690 0.869

TOE(Ton of Oil Equivalent) 1ton B-B L 40.5 9,670 0.967 38.0 9,080 0.908

107kcal
B-C L 41.7 9,960 0.996 39.2 9,360 0.936

(LPG1 ) kg 50.4 12,040 1.204 46.3 11,060 1.106

soso.mn#nOmnrs
(LPG3 ) kg 49.5 11,820 1.182 45.7 10,920 1.092

- L 32.3 7,710 0.771 29.9 7,140 0.714

L 32.8 7,830 0.783 30.3 7,240 0.724

L 36.5 8,720 0.872 33.9 8,100 0.810

-
kg 41.4 9,890 0.989 39.2 9,360 0.936

L 40.0 9,550 0.955 37.3 8,910 0.891

kg 35.0 8,360 0.836 34.2 8,170 0.817

1 L 37.1 8,860 0.886 34.6 8,260 0.826

2 L 39.9 9,530 0.953 37.7 9,000 0.900

- (LNG) kg 54.7 13,060 1.306 49.4 11,800 1.180

https://www.keei.re.kr/main.nsf/index.htm
(LNG) Nm3 43.1 10,290 1.029 38.9 9,290 0.929

(LPG) Nm3 63.6 15,190 1.519 58.4 13,950 1.395

l?open&p=%2Fweb_keei%2Fchange.nsf% kg

kg
19.8

21.2
4,730

5,060
0.473

0.506
19.4

20.5
4,630

4,900
0.463

0.490

2FCaloryConverF&s=%3FOpenForm kg 25.2 6,020 0.602 24.7 5,900 0.590

( ) kg 24.8 5,920 0.592 23.7 5,660 0.566

( ) kg 29.2 6,970 0.697 28.0 6,690 0.669

kg 21.4 5,110 0.511 19.9 4,750 0.475

14
kg 29.0 6,930 0.693 28.9 6,900 0.690

( ) kWh 8.9 2,130 0.213 8.9 2,130 0.213

 Ex) 200 liter TOE ?

1) (kcal): 1liter 9,030 kcal

2) 1TOE : 10^7kcal = x : 9030*200
3) 1,806,000/10^7 = 0.181 TOE

15
3)
-
(IPCC)
- 1MWh = 0.23TOE
tCO2eq 0.56625
-
=
수증기 잠열을 뺀 발열량

https://www.keei.re.kr/main.nsf/in
dex.html?open&p=%2Fkeei%2Fes
db%2Fe_a5.html&s=
16
 1

200X84110 10-7 168 T0

Ex
× =
0 .

Ex) 200 liter (tC)

(tCO2) ?
: (8,410*200)/10^7 = 0.168 TOE
1) 0.168 [TOE] , 0.837 [tC/TOE]
= 0.168 [TOE] * 0.837 [tC/TOE]=0.140616 [tC]
2) (tCO2)
= 0.140616 [tC
탄소 배출량 : 순발뾇 ✗ 이산화탄소배출계수 ( To )

"
* C의 배출량 :
To ✗
舵岱 17
4)
[ kL/ ]

18
 [ MWh/ ]
-

-
( )

is

19
 P단위 중요 ! !
- .

드
)
- 12 , 3 , 1
- : 12,000 [m2]
)

- (13A): 80,000 [m3]

-A : 90,000 [L]
1,600 [MWh]
- 800 [MWh]
340 [MWh]
300 [MWh]
160 [MWh]
9,500 [m3]

MWh 0.265kL
20
 이 값에 대하여 .
. .

1kcal =
418605 KJ
)

.tt#1:nnnngXfl86y
-
열에너지 환산

- 11,000 [kcal/m3], A 9,300 [kcal /L]

- 80,000[m3] * 11,000[kcal/m3]=880 X 10^6 [kcal]

- ⇒
: 880 X 10^6 [kcal] X 4.186 [kJ/kcal]= 3,684 X10^6 [kJ]
- : 3,684X10^6 [kJ] X 0.258 [kL/(10 X10^6[kJ]) = 95[kL]
TV
A 기타 연호로 l
- 90,000 [L] X 9,300 [kcal/L] = 837 X 10^6 [kcal]
- : 837 X 10^6 [kcal] X 4.186 [kJ/kcal] = 3,504 X10^6 [kJ]
I n te r a c t i ve Center22kcal

- : 90[kL] X 1.01= 91[kL]

21
 )
- ( ) b ,
b= 1,600[MWh]-160[MWh] =1,440 [MWh]
One
- a
a={800+(340*9,620/10,250)+300}/1,440=1.419/1,440

-
=0.9855
- [MWh]
(1,440 [MWh] - 300 [MWh]) X 0.9855 = 1,124 [MWh]
- .
: 1,124 [MWh] X 0.265 [kL/MWh] =298 [kL]
-

,
1,124 [MWh] X 10.265 [MJ/MWh] = 11,537960 [MJ]
"
炯惻
☐ 11537960000 J
값이 수락됨
.

이 .

전기 :
2450Kcal다 10.265K$ Kwh 22
)
, , [kL]
95+ 91 + 298 = 484 [kL]

' ,
(3,684+3,504+11,538) X 10^6 [kJ] = 18,726 x 10^6 [kJ] = 18,726 x 10^3 [MJ]

( )
: 484 [kL] / 12,000 [m2] = 40.3 [L/m2 yr]
: 18,726 x 10^3 [MJ] / 12,000 [m2] = 1,561 [MJ/m2 yr]

23
 _

3.2.
3.2.1
-

- .
- , , ,

24
豫一
↳
특성상 에너지 절약과는 다함 25
3.2.2
-
-
.
- ,
.

26
27
1A 2A 2B 3A 3B-Coast 3B 3C 4A 4B 4C 5A 5B 6A 6B 7 8

Very Hot, Hot, Warm, Warm, Warm, Warm, Mild, Mild, Mild, Cold, Cold, Cold, Cold, Very Sub-
hot, humid( dry(Pho humid( marine dry marine( humid dry marine humid dry humid dry cold(Du Arctic
humid Housto enix, AZ) Atlanta, (LA, CA) (Las San (Baltimo (Albuqu (Seattle, (Chicag (Boulder, (Minnea (Helena, luth, (Fairban
(Miami, n, TX) GA) Vegas, Francisc re, MD) erque, WA) o, IL) CO) polis, MT) MN) ks, AK)
FL) NV) o, CA) NM) MN)

3.2.2 (
)
- (type)

-
EUI(Energy Use Intensity)
- ( )
tre

28
ASHRAE Climate zone Map

29
30
3.3.
3.3.1

von
ftp.tsfee
(a)
- ,

- /
-

- , BEMS

31
(b)
-

et
-
.
- (ESCO) ESCO

제로 개선 푊
32
(c)
- .

- ,
, AS

- ,
.

33
(d)
- nos

-
.
( )

① 에너지 가격 인상 퐰 .

② 경영중 관심

⑧ 뽜
방축열 도입 .

34
 (
25%)
( )
,

35
3.3.2

o
1)

- ( ,
, 2021.4.21)

담당가 ②
⑥ 기업지원
③ 기기 @ Bay ⑦ 방죽 에어저도입 추진
④ 신축예매절약형 ⑤ 인센티브
36
- , 30

37
 Emma
2)
-
-
-

3)
-
-

38
4)
0 , A/S

-
-
- A/S ( )
- (BAS, BEMS
)

: (Siemens), (schneider electric), ,

(Johnson control), (Cisco), IBM
: ,

39
5) (ESCO)
- ESCO →
- ( ) ,
_

6)
- ESCO
-

40
7)
-
-

8) ,
-
-

41
 3.3.3

https://www.phillymag.com/property/2016/12/16/how-passive-houses-yield-aggressive-
savings/
42
 ,

G 환기부하쮀는 A대한 적 .

-
.

( ):
( ):
43
44
45
,

46
4. -1 愼灐北
Passive
.

기기용량이나 성의 80%웮때

2T청이어려은것들다이젠츠고하Et주는 역할) 애용에 비해 가장

운전
경제적인

by In Park 효율운전 효율운전

.A에삔氷_
Konkuk University
Combat Zone

ftp.t-M-tk/f.
실내기후 (좽 )
건축 : 열적 궤적 - '

편안함 ④ h /
낮은 ④높은

편리함 기후 passive 기후
1명제성
Active 1
( 기계를 쓰는 것 ) 즉 열적부하를 鄭幼
passive .
 어떤것이 Passive 나 ?

4.1 어떤 단열재를 쒜냐 ?
4.1.1

4.1.2 (thermal bridge) 열과 왜 뾍하냐 ?

4.1.3

4.1.4 현상미경 ,

4.1.5

4.2 적절한 단열 빽은 무엇이냐?

4.2.1 Low-e

4.3

4.4

4.5

2
 3.3.3
•

(열적인 부하를 죽일 수 있는 향)
.

일
依玄
(02를
실내공기질을 다름

https://www.phillymag.com/property/2016/12/16/how-passive-houses-yield-aggressive-
savings/
3
4.
- .

- , ( , , …)
.

- , . ,
, ( ,
) .

4
대휴
복사
5
 열 : 열이동 (전달 ) : 전의 대류 / 복사
4.1 열용량
단열 : 열 이동 저항 弱 불필요한
.
열
鳴親
_

i
.
.
비예중량
- ?

.me ,

,
.

-
.
Source: https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/stay-
warm-with-thermal-insulation/

6
 • : 25%

• : 15%
• : 35%
• : 10%

• : 15%

7
 (Thermal Insulation)

=
.

- .

Source: https://www.insulationshop.co/Few_Basic_Facts_About_Thermal_Insulation

8
1.
앯恬 )

言澔
2. 공극에 물이 차면 遯幽 증가함 .
+

3.
① ② ③ ④
4.

5. ⑤ ⑥ ⑨
6.
-

7.
1 단열재ITIT성능 1 우미되고 惻 되야해서 필요한 것 .

9
 ( 저항 .
만사 .
용량

1) :
2) :
3) :
R 1 R21 B 1
-
1) & Ri R2R3
•
( 두께
=
열전도율1전달월)
• :
, , , , , ALC,
• , , , , ,

10
 eXtruded
PolyStyrene
XPS Foam

ALC

Auto
Lightweight
Concrete
_
•
2)
공기총을기뜚어야한다.mnmnmn
error
•
•
• ,
Emergency Survival Rescue Blanket Foil
三
http://www.radiantbarrier.com/applications/house-wrap
 X

- 2 2 .
-
- .
-
3)
:

•
so ,

( )

( )

( )
• ,
1.
2.
3.

- , , , ,
- ,

- , ( )

- ,
4.1.1

Heat or energy

23
 건물특성상 외단열이

어려워 내단열이
,

유리할 순 있다 .

생각 잘해야함 .
단연 성능이
졶면 HQ가
d 우려됨 .

24
 /
Wall

Outside Inside

Floor Floor

25
4.1.2 (Thermal Bridge)
(Heat-bridge, cold-bridge)
•
Insulation
, 一一
• , ,

- , ,

26
 (Heat-bridge) 철을 통해 열이 빠져 나감
.

( )

(a) (b)

(c) (d)
(Heat Bridge)
 -

1
F
32
Source: 33
Mold formation caused by thermal bridges
Thermal bridge evaluation by simulation

Mesh model

Temperature distribution
i.
Reference: PHYSIBEL
Thermal bridge evaluation by simulation

Temperature distribution Heat transfer coefficient

T_T
distribution
Reference: PHYSIBEL
 Thermal bridge evaluation by infrared image
그
1. In general, infrared photography is took at night without solar radiation.
2. It is measured when the outdoor air temperature is low.
3. In below photos, high temperature area is evaluated as thermal bridge or
heat loss part.
4. The reason for the higher temperature compared to around temperature is
that the heat is transferred from the room to the outside.

Infrared photo Infrared photo

4.1.3

38
39
 중간에 공기가 있다 .

4.1.4
- (cavity wall) Another

Entertainment
.
- Entertainment의
.
-

https://insulationdiscount.co.uk/product-category/wall-
Source: https://www.sciencephoto.com/media/1154537/view/cavity-wall- insulation/full-fill-cavity-wall/
40
insulation-illustration
4.1.5

Source:
https://www.gigumi.com/381
41
4.2
•
.

• ,
( ) .
Letters

torrentz.nneeenrne.net
•
( , )

42
•

(single),
(double), 3 (triple)
.
.
•
PVC
• low-e

43
Double glazing

↳
코팅이 어디있는지가 중요

Triple glazing
 (double glazing)
•
- .
- names - .

•
- .
- .
-
-
•
.

46
4.2.1 Low-e
•
- .
- (Ag)
-
.

•
- 70% .
- 30% .
- .

, ,
.
4.2.1 Low-e
•

nn
,
拖 .

Air
Low-E film Infrared ray, heat
,
Glass
Outdoor Indoor Outdoor Indoor

Visible ray

Summer/high cooling load/commercial building/south faced Winter/high heating load/residential building/passive house/north
window faced window
( / / / ) ( / / / /
)

< / LOW-e >

 Low-e
E 열적인 특성이 강함
Ultraviolet rays Infrared rays
투자적 es

(10~380) (780~106)
성격이 강함

Penetration
Reflection

지적

• -visible light (380~780) is mostly transmitted, and infrared

and UV rays are reflected.
4.3 (Double skin)
- , ,
- ,

40%

-
-
- Sick building syndrome

50
Double Skin

(40%)

+
Double Skin

Intermediate
Space
(cavity)

Outside Blind
envelope Inside
(outer skin) envelope
(inner skin)

-
( -00)
 Outer Inner
layer layer

Fresh air
Indoor

Indoor Outdoor
Outdoor
Shading
device
Double Skin

:
( : 20%)
:
msn.ee
( : 25%)
 Double Skin

-
46.4%, 33.5%
nerve

-
-
or
GSW headquarters west façade in Berlin
Double Skin

는
Vertical wind profile

도심부는 바람이 https://docs.3di.lizard.net/en/stable/b_wind.html

적게 부는 편 .
 Double Skin
- ( , )
- ( )
-
-
-
(
一一 )
- ( )
-
-
-
 + 태양열취득을 막을수 없음
4.4 (Shading control)
.

Interior shades can improve visual comfort, but

do not block out solar heat gain

Need exterior shades!

囊

59
 Fixed shading devices ( )
(Horizontal Shading, overhang)
- (Solar altitude)

60
(Horizontal Shading, overhang)
Basic Typology of Horizontal Shading Devices for Southern
Exposures

61
 (Vertical Shading, Fin)

- (Solar azimuth)

Floor plan

62
(Vertical Shading, Fin)
Shading Devices for Non Southern Exposures

63
(Movable shading)

64
(Movable shading)

65
(Movable shading)

66
4.5 (green roof system)
-
.
-
nnnetnne.org ( 6%)

- :

https://forum.downsizer.net/archive/block-and-beam-construction__o_t__t_85297.html
67
•
• (evaporative cooling)

https://commons.bcit.ca/greenroof/faq/why-green-roofs-benefits/
68
•
•
• ( , , ,…)
•

69
5. -2
Active
by In Park
Konkuk University
5.1
5.1.1 .

5.1.2 ·
5.1.3
5.2

5.2.1 LED
5.2.3
5.3

5.3.1
5.3.2 ( )
5.3.3

2
5. –Active
- passive active active

- Passive r
, active
'

. →
절약 대대에서 7혜성 검토시 대에 따라선 A에e
가 더 나을 수 있으므로 ,
생각해보아야 함
- active
.

3
Active

oo
쁭
I Webb House section.

passive
Source: https://architectureau.com/articles/active-systems/
4
 왜
G양 G1 이
Henry oil 보다 앞?
5.1 ,
공기의 온도만 조절하는게 아님

f
습도도 조절하는 것 .

5.1.1 ( 제습 → 온도 ) 이게 효율적이다

- 0?
(Air handing unit,
AHU) The

AHU

5
 습공에 선도
f.
-

I)

e
-
,
.

Outdoor air
Supply air

ㅡ is

Return air 6
 • (heat recovery ventilator)

- (outdoor air) (exhaust air) or

.

7
_
(Energy recovery ventilator, ERV)

http://www.myap.kr/images/product/p31_img02.jpg
 • (heat recovery ventilator)

-
E ve

-
,
.

Source:
https://www.hotel-ruzica.net/mysql_run_sql_file/energy-recovery- https://mylinkdrive.com/USA/Ventilation/LOSSN
ventilator AY_ERV/RVX_Series/LGH_F600RVX_E?product 9
 t
Source: Sources:
https://m.blog.naver.com/PostView.naver?isHttpsRedirect=true&blogId=c https://alonelyperson.tistory.com/328
10
jyc0617&logNo=221573063346
 • ( ) (rotary recovery ventilator)

-
RA EA
(SA) (EA) .

- ,

SA OA

Source:
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Rotary_heat_excha
nger.png
11
Enervent Heat Exchanger in Action

Source:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ONs_mhBWRyI
12
- (bypass)

-
ssF .

,
.
-

☒ 의기 냉항 AH U ( 외기 도입 가능 )
.
→ .

LS 절감
에너지

부하 저감
.

A 에
판형
↳ 전열 교환 → 열소자 열교환 <
R0패 형 13
→
중간기 (봄 가을) .
→
g Pass
-
.
Source:
http://www.sbsystem.co.kr/bbs/view.php?id=sub_28&page=1&sn1=&divpage=1&sn=off&ss=on&sc=on
14
&select_arrange=headnum&desc=asc&no=1
 5.1.2 ·

- -
.

- oo
,
.

- ,
.

-
⑦
(energy efficiency, )

15
 (energy efficiency, )

-
. ,
E
.

Source:
https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%97%90%EB%84%88%EC%A7%80_%E
D%9A%A8%EC%9C%A8
16
 r 100% 효율 운전과 담고
COP (coefficient of performance) ( )

- -
100% ,

- COP .

- 100W 300W .
300
= = = 3.0
100
17
 압축기
- ftp. ( 중발기
• -
os
, AHU
.
( , )
•

• o.ro
msn.ee
.
.

18
 (heat pump)
• .
(pump) (heat)
•
• ,

•
• .

19
(heat pump) →
瑀山 팽창O의 稶嬖
퍨

o
: , / | (CIR)
20
 (cooling cycle)
(Indoor Unit) (outdoor Unit)

- -

Sources: https://www.aaaheatingandcoolinginc.com/heat-pumps-how-
they-operate-for-heating-cooling/ 21
 (heating cycle)
(Indoor Unit) (outdoor Unit)

J
Sources: https://www.aaaheatingandcoolinginc.com/heat-pumps-how-
they-operate-for-heating-cooling/ 22
Heat source of HP
http://ecotope.com/project/northwest-maritime-center/

• Air source ( )
• Water source ( )
• Ground source (geothermal, )
• Waste-water ( ) https://www.cse.org.uk/advice/renewable-energy/air-source-heat-
pumps

http://www.innergie.kr/image/p01a_01.jpg
23
 EHP ( )

IEER (Integrated Energy Efficiency Ratio)

- 100% 2%, 75%

61.7%, 50% 23.8%, 25%
12.5%

= 0.020 + 0.617 + 0.238 + (0.125 )

昞 23.08 1950
,B,C,D EER
EER = COP x 3.412 2%
24
 EHP ( )

IEER (Integrated Energy Efficiency Ratio)

25
• EHP •

26
 &
• -
https://eep.energy.or.kr/certification/certi_list_260.aspx

27
 5.1.3 (Facility integrated control)

- ,
→ 데이터 수집
- BAS BEMS .
SARS 에너지 관리
- (Building Automation system, BAS)
, , ,
.

- BAS (Building Energy Management

System, BEMS) .

28
 Building Automation system & control

-
,

( , , ,
, ,)
.

-
&
Source:
https://www.azbil.com/products/building/buildin
g-automation-controls/index.html 29
http://www.irisnt.co.kr/page_nYUj07/264 30
 5.2

5.2.1 LED (Light Emitting Diode)

- LED ,

i
.

- LED

- LED , , , , ,
, ( , ,
, , ) LED 80%,
30% . 10 Input
1,000
. 31
LED
• LED ,n p
(hole)

https://blog.naver.com/dmlight72/220700259950 32
 LED
LED

LED

LED

LED LED

33
34
35
 • LED 2060 : 2011 , 2020 LED
100%( ), 60%( )
• 2530 : 2025 30%

https://www.imore.com/aqara-homekit-adaptive-lighting-update https://www.upshine.com/applications/smart-lighting.html
36
 5.2.1 [occupancy detecting (sensing) system]

- on/off

hrnnreretaskod.Ambim.PL
(dimming)

- .

70
조명 (t& A조명)

일 업무
.
주변 L
전반조명 바닥 냉난방 공조
국부조명S
.

.
.

https://medium.com/@meetsilvair/adaptive-lighting-systems-
occupancy-sensing-bd88ace28c49 37
(occupancy/vacancy sensors)
-

https://lightingcontrolsassociation.org/2017/08/21/all-about-
occupancy-and-vacancy-sensors/ 38
 Passive Infrared Sensor(PIR )

•
.

•
.
PIR
.

https://kogun.tistory.com/30
39
 5.3
5.3.1 &
- Photothermal system( )
- Photovoltaic system, PV system( , )
- Shadovoltaic system( ): shading system( )+photovoltaic system ( )

Photothermal system Photovoltaic

40 system
40
Photothermal system( )

41
Photovoltaic system, PV system( , )

보일러

42
 Shadovoltaic system( )
It is moveable photovoltaic solar shading louvre system, designed to reduce heat gains and glare
whilst maximizing the use of natural daylight, and generating electricity by means of integrated
photovoltaic (PV) cells.

43
 5.3.2 ( )
•

•
,
( )

• ( ,
,
)

• 2019

Ground surface and underground temperature relation. [Hait J.44

2005]
45
 5.3.3
•
.

•
, .

• .

Ground surface and underground temperature relation. [Hait J.46

2005]
https://www.britannica.com/science/geothermal-energy 47
6. ·

by In Park
lse 여기까지

시험 범위 .

Konkuk University
6.1
6.2 ( & )
6.3
6.4
6.5
6.6

2
6. ·
6.1 지구 온난화의 주범 ! !
rect
- ( , , ) .

- CO2 (NOx),
(SOx) .

3
 (Nonrenewable Energy)
1. (Fossil Fuel)

- (oil), (coal), (natural gas)

- : , (
), ,

- : , ,

2. (Nuclear Energy)

- 30

https://earthandhuman.org/advantages-and-
4
disadvantages-of-non-renewable-energy/
IEA

https://www.sciencefacts.net/types-of-renewable-energy.html
5
2 , , , • ( ) •
11 • •
• • /
•
•
•
•
•

/ Source: , 6
•
• (sustainability) .
•
•

• ,

• ( ) .

7
1-1 , 2014-2018 ( : Quadrillion Btu)

8
-
:
35.2%(2000), 36.7%(2020)

9
6.2 ( & )
"
- 모든 E의 珌

•
•
• : 50 ( )
• :
- ( )

2-1
The Extreme Ultraviolet Imaging Telescope
[Courtesy Solar and Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO), NASA]
10
 -
• (solar constant)
-
: 1,360 W/m2
-
http://www.greenrhinoenergy.com/solar/radiation/spectra.php
• (@ )
- , , ,
- 0~ 1,050 W/m2

11
https://solarmazd.com/peak-sun-hours-psh-what-does-it-mean-and-how-to-estimate-it/
 (solar constant)

• 22 1(1.74 × 10 W)
2 .

power output of the sun: approximately 3.847 × 1026 W

Radius of a sphere equal to the sun–earth mean distance : 149.6 × 109 m

12
 (Insolation)
- :

- ( )

2-6 (W/m2) 13
https://solargis.com/maps-and-gis-data/download/republic-of-korea 14
Photovoltaic system, PV system( , )
- (PV:photovoltaics or solar cell):
• Photo ( ) + volt( Alessandro Volta)
•
• (solar cell)

15
• :
-
- : +

• : ( )
- : ,
-
- :
- (hole) :
-

• p/n junction
-p n 2
-n ,p

Source: , 16
 (cell), (module), (array)

• (cell) :
-
- : 1~10 cm/ 1~2 W /

• (module) :
-
-2 : 50 W
- 12 V

• (array) :
-
- MW

17
- 3 subsystem
• ( , , ):
•
• BOS (balance of system) : 3
-
- :
- :

Source: , 18
Building-Integrated Photovoltaics (BIPV)

Building-integrated photovoltaics (BIPV) are photovoltaic materials

that are used to replace conventional building materials in parts of the
building envelope such as the roof, skylights, or facades.

19
 Building-Integrated Photovoltaics (BIPV)

Tesla Solar Roof

https://www.tesla.com/ko_kr/solarroof?redirect=no
20
Carport with BIPV ( )

Owner: University of Colorado Boulder

Address: Hwy 36, Boulder, CO
Size: 30,000 sq ft
Size of System: 100 kW

21
Solar farm ( )

BIPV

Bhadla Solar Park, India -2245 MW Singapore-Solar floating farms

고
이헌 爬私 꽤 메의이 기온과는 다르게
22
친환경적이여야 한다 .
Photothermal system ( )

• Solar thermal (Solar thermal

power) (solar heating)
• ( )
: .

( )
( )

23
Photothermal system for heating
( )
• e , ,
• : ,
= , , , ,
_

武減 쩨

24
(1) (collector):
• Flat plate( ), Air flat plate( ), Evacuated tube( )
• , , ,

Sources:
https://m.blog.naver.com/PostView.naver?isHttpsRedirect=true&blogId=e
25
nard&logNo=50193659113
 Flat plate collector ( , )

The most common solar collector for solar water-heating systems in

homes and solar space heating. A typical flat-plate collector is an
insulated metal box with a glass or plastic cover (called glazing) and a
dark-colored absorber plate.

26
Air flat plate collector ( , )

Air flat-plate collectors are used primarily for solar space heating. The
absorber plates in air collectors can be metal sheets, layers of screen, or
non-metallic materials.

27
Evacuated tube collector ( )

Evacuated-tube collectors can achieve extremely high temperatures (76°C

to 176°C), making them more appropriate for commercial and industrial
application. However, evacuated-tube collectors are more expensive than
flat-plate collectors, with unit area costs about twice that of flat-plate
collectors.

28
(2) (water tank or storage tank):

Sources: https://www.eia.gov/energyexplained/solar/solar-thermal-
collectors.php
29
(3) :
•

oomn_n.mn
(4) :
•
• , , , ,

(5) : , ,

• , ON/OFF

(6)
• 1 -
.
• , , 一一

30
6.3 (Wind energy)

- :

- : ,
, ,

- (wind turbine)

Source: , 31
( )

https://www.infolink-group.com/en/wind/wind- 32
analysis/Analysis-of-Asia-Pacific-offshore-wind-market-South-
wind turbine VS wind turbine

-
-
-
-
-

- -
- -

2 ,3 ,

33
Source: ,
•
( X, , X)
•
• , ·

•
,

Source: http://nuclearfissionary.com/2010/04/02/comparing-energy-costs-of-nuclear-
coal-gas-wind-and-solar/
34
•
•
.
•
.
Source: https://inhabitat.com/painting-wind-turbines-purple-will-save-

• .
wildlife/purpleturbines-ed01/

•
.
•
• (visual)
•

Source:
https://www.nationalgeographic.org/encyclopedia/wind-
energy/ 35
Wind profile

https://sinovoltaics.com/learning-center/basics/location-factor-for-wind-
and-solar/ 36
Building-integrated wind turbine (BIWT)

Wind turbines integrated in between the Bahrain world trade Center towers; elevation
view (a) and a general view from the pedestrian level (b)

37
Source: I. Karadag, Wind Turbine Integration to Tall
Building-integrated wind turbine (BIWT)
Strata tower SE1 in London © will
Pryce

38
Building-integrated wind turbine
Pearl River tower, Guangzhou, China

39
Source: I. Karadag, Wind Turbine Integration to Tall
6.4 (geothermal energy) →
지중열을 이용한다 .

• : (geo) + (thermal)

: (tectonic plate), ,
:
, (4200 C )
: 45 ,
( (U238, U235), (Th232), (K40))

Source: , 40
 :

:
,

https://archive.epa.gov/climatechange/kids/solutions/technologi
41
es/geothermal.html
 (2007
~2018 )

• 30%
( )

Source: , 42
 (Geothermal power plant): The Geysers is
the world's largest geothermal field
• Capacity: 1,590 MW
• Power stations: 22
• Location :Sonoma and Lake counties
• California, United States

43
 (Geothermal heating or heat pump)

•
: ,

https://www.britannica.com/science/geothermal-energy 44
http://m.energycenter.co.kr/news/articleView.html?idxno=205
45
http://m.energycenter.co.kr/news/articleView.html?idxno=205
46
 (Horizontal Closed Loop
Systems) 耭門

금 ( )

(
(Vertical Closed Loop Systems)

Source: , 47
 / (Pond/Lake Closed
Loop Sytsems)

(Open Loop System)

: (well)

Source: , 48
49
 6.5 (Fuel cell) → 아직은 경제성 부족

• /
•
•
•
•
•
•
•

Source: , 50
 Proton: (2H+)
Electron: (2e-)
Oxygen: (1/2O2)

(-) (+)

(+)
(H+)
( )
(electrolyte)

Source: https://www.fuelcellstore.com/blog-section/mathematical-models 51
 https://m.blog.naver.com/winslo25/220191962838

• (heat reformer) :
(LPG, LNG, ,
, )
• (fuel cell stack) :
OXYGEN (AIR)
,

• (inverter) :
FUEL INVERTER
HEAT HYDROGEN DC POWER AC POWER
FUEL INPUT
REFORMER
RICH GAS CELL OUTPUT OUTPUT

• (heat recovery system) : STACK

WATER

FUEL PROCESSING PREHEATING HEAT HEAT FOR

COGENERATION
RECOVERY

Source: , 52
Fuel cell

•
•
.
• : , , ,
- (reformer) ,
•
- , ,

-
( , )
53
 Fuel cell
• ,
(%) ( )

-
60
- - -
(PEMFC; Polymer 1 100 kW ( ) 50 100
- -
Electrolyte Membrane or 35 ( )
- ( ) -
Proton Exchange Membrane ( )
-
)

50 120 - - - CO2
10 100 kW 60
AFC (Alkaline) (KOH) ( ) - - -

-
400 kW 150 250 - -
40 -
PAFC (Phosphoric Acid) (H3PO4) (100 kW ) ( ) - -
- /

-
300 kW -
550 700 - -
( , , 3 MW 50~60 -
MCFC (Molten Carbonate) ( ) - -
) (300 kW ) -
-

-
-
- -
600 1000 -
1 kW 2 MW 50~60 - -
SOFC (Solid Oxide) ( ) ( ) -
-
-
Source: , 54
- /GT
 (combined heat and power systems, CHP)

.
•
•
.

Source: T. Elmer et al., Fuel cell technology for domestic

built environment applications: State of-the-art review,
Renewable and sustainable Energy reviews
55
• LPG,
.
• EMFC 30~40%,

80%
•

Source: https://greenhome.kemco.or.kr/ext/itr/intr/fuelBatteryIntro.do56
 Fuel cell micro CHP in a domestic home
•
• (95%), (60%)
.
Hot water
Heating

Grid

Tank

CHP (fuel Power

cell)

57
 Panasonic CHP for residential building

https://www.aglmediagroup.com/carriers-move-to-volte-represents- https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20151215007002/en/Panason
opportunity-for-fuel-cells/ ic-Showcased-the-Latest-Zero-Eco-House-and-Hydrogen-Fuel-Cell-at-
Eco-Products-2015
58
 P에너지 자립률을 높이는 빌딩
6.6 (Zero energy building, ZEB)

• ( ,
, )

, ,

59
Source: https://www.kmecnews.co.kr/news/articleView.html?idxno=6451
(a) Zero Energy certification

• (International Living Future Institute,

ILFI) (Zero energy, ZE)

• 100%

•
(1) ( , , , )

(2) , ,

(3) , , , ,

(4) (Energy Information) :

, ( ), 12 https://living-future.org/zero-
energy/certification)
60
(b) U.S. Green Building Council LEED Zero

• LEED Zero U.S. Green Building Council (USGBC) ‘LEED Zero Carbon’,
‘LEED Zero Resource’
LEED

• LEED Zero Carbon

https://www.usgbc.org/resources/leed-
(1) 12 zero-program-guide

a) , , , , , ,
.
b) , , , , , , ,
.

61
(b) U.S. Green Building Council LEED Zero
• LEED Zero Resource

LEED Zero Resource , ,

0 .
LEED Zero Energy
LEED Zero Energy 1 (source energy)
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62
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Stevens Library at Sacred Heart Schools

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Pacific Gas & Electric
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.
( : Zero Net Energy Case Study Buildings,
NBI)
64
 Stevens Library at Sacred Heart Schools

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zero-net-energy

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kBtu/sf-year ( 8.56 kWh/m2-year) 2013 16.9 kBtu/sf-
year( 5.36 kWh/m2-year) . 40 kW
2013 29.1 kBtu/sf-year( 9.22 kWh/m2-year) .

65
 Stevens Library at Sacred Heart Schools

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. low-e
U-value 0.28, SHGC 0.28,
64% .

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( : Zero Net Energy Case Study Buildings, NBI)

66
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69
 ✓ ✓
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https://new-q-cells.com/en/sub.php?idx=437&division=2&page=3
https://new-q-cells.com/en/sub.php?idx=437&division=2&page=3
ZEB
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원래 강의실 工伽 시험 .

81