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INTRODUCTION
Mathematics, science, and technology are driving forces in our society, impacting all areas
of life. Everyone must make choices in their personal and professional lives for which
understanding of these disciplines and their ethical dimensions is essential. The mathematics,
science and technology education communities are undergoing major reform in curriculum
design, instructional strategies. The traditional separation of mathematics, science, and
technology instruction showing only concretely defined subjects provides an unrealistic view of
the world. Today, interrelatedness is needed to solve problems.
CONCEPT NOTES
In 18th century mathematics was already become a part of modern science. Mathematics
begin to develop very fast because of its introduction to schools. Therefore, everyone has a
chance to learn the basic fundamentals of mathematics. There are many new ideas, solutions to
old mathematical problems, researchers which lead to create new fields of mathematics. Old
fields of mathematics are also expanding.
In the 21st century, Mathematics is used in:
Robotics
space research
Sports
Biological Calculations
Field of Information technology
Mathematics is a language which seems to be well suited for describing the physical
universe.
Defining characteristic is precision.
It shares some similarities with music.
A. Mathematics
B. Science
Observing, thinking,
experimenting, and validating, a kind of
merger of mathematics and technology
into scientific inquiry holds promise for a
scientifically literate society. Defining the
human experience, technology allows us to interact, shape, or more fully understand our
environment. Distinction between technology and science blurs as technology becomes more
sophisticated. Seen then can be that technologies shape science as they develop, thereby
providing more motivation and direction for theory building.
C. Technology
About 2.4 million years ago, the first humans created primitive tools by chipping away
the edges of the stones. Tool making was the first technology. It was a means to solve
problems. Over the millennia,
humans have refined their
capability to create technological
ways to solve problems.
Technology is created,
managed, and used by societies
and individuals, according to
their goals and values (ITEA,
2000). The promise of the future
lies not in technology alone, but
in people's ability to use it,
manage it, assess and
understand it. The major goal of
technology education is to
develop a technologically literate
citizenry, one that has the ability to use, manage, assess, and understand technology. One
should further accept it that technology has consequences or impacts affecting individuals,
society, and the environment.
https://www.bethel.edu/undergrad/academics/general-education/curriculum/math-
science-technology
https://slideplayer.com/slide/10210490/
Assessment
CONCEPTION ACTIVITY
Directions
2. Groups will create 2 to 5 sentences convincing their classmates how important Math, Science
and Technology is and what to do to make others love it.
3. Each group will pick words for their topic. The words are Math, Science, and Technology.
4. Each group will brainstorm on the given topic and give ideas about how important Math,
Science and Technology is.
Criteria
Criteria Excellent (20) Well Done (15) Fairly Done (10) Needs Improvement (5)
Accuracy The The information The information The information included
information included included does not address the
included is adequately inadequately topic.
accurate and addresses the addresses the
completely assigned topic. topic or
addresses the questions. The
topic. information
included is
sometimes
inaccurate.
Delivery The presenter The presenter The presenter The presenter omits
effectively and adequately delivers the important information and
concisely delivers the information but does not stay on topic.
delivers the information does not stay on The presenter appears,
information while staying topic. The tense or nervous.
while on topic. on topic. The presenter
The presenter presenter appears tense or
is relaxed and appeals to be nervous.
self-confident. relaxed and
self-confident.
TAGBILARAN CITY COLLEGE
College of Business and Industry
Tagbilaran City, Bohol
Introduction
The word "science" probably brings to mind many different pictures: a fat textbook, white
lab coats and microscopes, an astronomer peering through a telescope, a naturalist in the
rainforest, Einstein's equations scribbled on a chalkboard, the launch of the space shuttle,
bubbling beakers. However, among the many topics about it, matter and ecosystem have been
and will always be considered as essentials that needs to be remembered forever.
Concept Notes
STATES OF MATTER
Properties of Matter:
1. Physical – can be observed or measured without
changing the identity of the substance
a. Color
b. Hardness
c. Malleability
d. Solubility
e. Electrical Conductivity
f. Density
g. Melting Point
h. Boiling Point
2. Chemical – can only be measured or observed as
matter transforms into a particular type of matter
a. Reactivity – tendency of matter to combine
chemically with other substances
b. Flammability – tendency of matter to burn
c. Toxicity – extent to which a chemical element or combination of chemicals may harm
an organism
d. Acidity – substance’s ability to react with an acid
Functions of Ecosystem
Types of Ecosystem
Forest Ecosystem
- consists of several plants, animals and
microorganisms that live in coordination with the Freshwater Ecosystem
abiotic factors of the environment. - Three basic categories: Lentic
Terrestrial
Grassland Ecosystem
- vegetation is dominated by grasses and herbs.
Aquatic
(Lakes, Ponds & Pools), Lotic (Rivers
and Streams) and Wetlands
(land-based) (water-based)
Temperate grasslands, savanna grasslands are some
of the examples of grassland ecosystems. - have no salt content
Tundra Ecosystem
- devoid of trees and are found in cold climates or where
rainfall is scarce. These are covered with snow for most
of the year. The ecosystem in the Arctic or mountain
tops is tundra type. Marine Ecosystem
- marine ecosystem includes seas
Desert Ecosystem and oceans
- found throughout the world where the days are - have a more substantial salt
hot and the nights are cold.
- fall within regions that receive an annual rainfall
content and greater biodiversity in
not more than 25mm. The Earth is made of about comparison to the freshwater
17 percent desert ecosystem. ecosystem
Life can be defined in terms of the smallest submicroscopic particles to the largest and
most imposing of plants and animals. To determine if something is living one must look for signs
of movement, response to touch, patterns of growth or the ability to take in or make food. Life is
best described in terms of the integration of life sustaining functions. A living organism must
carry on specific biochemical and biophysical activities continuously in order to maintain life
defining processes.
Animals
Birth, growth, reproduction and death
represent the four stages of the life cycle of all
animals. Although these stages are common to all
animals, they vary significantly among species. For
instance, while insects, birds and reptiles are born
from an egg, mammals develop as embryos inside
the mothers' bodies. Here is an example of a frog’s
life cycle:
Plants
The plant life cycle consists of four
main stages; seed, sprout, small
plant, and adult plant. The picture at
the left shows the life cycle of a
tree:
Humans
Human bodies change significantly over time, and food is the fuel for those changes. People
of all ages need the same basic nutrients—essential amino acids, carbohydrates, essential fatty
acids, and twenty-eight vitamins and minerals—to sustain life and health. The major stages of
the human lifecycle are illustrated as follows:
Pregnancy. The development of a zygote into an embryo and then into a fetus in
preparation for childbirth.
Infancy. The earliest part of childhood. It is the period from birth through age one.
Toddler years. Occur during ages two and three and are the end of early childhood.
Childhood. Takes place from ages four to eight.
Puberty. The period from ages nine to thirteen, which is the beginning of adolescence.
Older adolescence. The stage that takes place between ages fourteen and eighteen.
Adulthood. The period from adolescence to the end of life and begins at age nineteen.
Middle age. The period of adulthood that stretches from age thirty-one to fifty.
Senior years, or old age. Extend from age fifty-one until the end of life
*To those who have internet connection or have stable signal, you may visit the following
links so you could learn more about the different life cycles of organisms:
References:
https://ncert.nic.in/ncerts/l/keph101.pdf
https://chem.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Inorganic_Chemistry/
Modules_and_Websites_(Inorganic_Chemistry)/Chemical_Reactions/Properties_of_Matter
https://www.eartheclipse.com/ecosystem/structure-and-types-of-ecosystem.html
Assessment
PERFORMANCE TASK
WHAT’S IN A LIFETIME?
All living organisms undergo a certain cycle in a lifetime. Now, your task is to draw the
life cycle of a living organism (plant or animal). Place appropriate labels and short descriptions
on the different stages of the chosen organism’s life cycle. Your work should exclude those
whose life cycles are already indicated in this module. You will be graded based on the following
rubric:
Introduction
Have you ever thought how carpenters were able to build a house from the raw
materials? How did they know the quantity of materials needed to make that house? They
measure. Measuring is a fundamental skill that should be learned not just by carpenters, but by
everyone. Its practical applications are numerous.
Concept Notes
Nonstandard unit of measurement - something that may vary in length or weight. For
instance, marbles are not reliable for finding out how heavy something is because each marble
will weigh differently than the others. Likewise, a human foot cannot be used for measuring
length because everyone's foot is a different size.
Some of the common units are millimetre (mm), centimetre (cm), inch (in), and foot (ft).
A ruler is a common instrument used for measuring the length of small objects. It usually has
four units of measurement to choose from: millimeter, centimeter, inch, and foot.
For long distances, the metric unit kilometer (km) and the English unit mile (mi) are commonly
used.
A weighing scale is an instrument commonly used for measuring the mass of fruits, vegetables,
and meat. The scale is calibrated in grams and kilograms
3. TIME - It describes how long it takes to do something. Both the metric and English system
uses the same units of measurement for time. Some of the common units are seconds (s),
minute (min), and hour (hr).
A clock is a common instrument for indicating time. It shows the time in hours, minutes, and
sometimes in seconds.
4. AREA – It describes how much surface is occupied by something. The measurement for
area uses the same units of measurement for length. The only difference is that the units are
"squared" since area is a product of two dimensions (usually length and width, which uses the
same unit).
Some of the common units are square centimetre (cm2 or sq. cm), square foot (ft2 or sq. ft),
square meter (m2 or sq. m), acre, and hectare (ha)
5. VOLUME
Volume – describes how much space (or liquid) is occupied (or contained) by something.
Similar to area, volume also uses the units of length but the only difference is that the unit is
“cubed”. Cubed units are typically used for volumes of space while there are also units of
volume dedicated for liquid measurements.
Some of the common units are millilitre (ml), cubic centimeters (cm³ or cc), fluid ounce (fl
oz), cup, pint (pt), quart (qt), liter (L), and gallon (gal).
6. TEMPERATURE
Temperature – describes how hot or cold something is. The common units are Celsius scale
(°C), Fahrenheit scale (°F) & Kelvin scale (K)
Assessment
QUIZ
1. How many inches are there in 232 mm? (There are 2.54 cm in 1 inch)
2. How many minutes are there in 2.35 years?
3. How many inches are there in 62.8 cm?
1. 60 in = _____ ft
2. 132 in = _____ ft
3. 36 ft = _____ yd
4. 24 ft = _____ yd
5. 4 ft = ______ in
6. 27 ft = _____ yd
7. 2 yd = ______ ft
8. 30 ft = _____ yd
9. 5 yd = ______ ft
10. 8 ft = ______ in
Performance Task
Estimating the Measurement of Things Around Me Activity!
Directions
1. Students will bring things found in the environment (it should be safe and convenient for the
students) and also measuring tools i.e. ruler, tape measure and clock.
2. Students will get one paper and label it Item, Measurement, Prediction, Result.
3. Students will write on the labelled paper the item they bring, the measurement they used and
the tool, their measurement prediction and the actual result using the measurement tool.
Criteria
Criteria Excellent (20) Well Done (15) Fairly Done (10) Needs Improvement (5)
Accuracy The The information The information The information included is
information included is included not accurate and does not
included is accurate and inadequately address the activity.
accurate and adequately addresses the
completely addresses the activity. The
addresses the activity. information
activity. included is
sometimes
inaccurate.
Delivery The presenter The presenter The presenter The presenter omits
effectively and adequately delivers the important information and
concisely delivers the information but does not stay on topic.
delivers the information does not stay on The presenter appears,
information while staying topic. The tense or nervous.
while on topic. on topic. The presenter
The presenter presenter appears tense or
is relaxed and appeals to be nervous.
self-confident. relaxed and
self-confident.
TAGBILARAN CITY COLLEGE
College of Business and Industry
Tagbilaran City, Bohol
INTRODUCTION
Mass, volume and density are three of an object’s most basic properties. Mass is how
heavy something is, volume tells you how big it is, and density is mass divided by volume.
Although mass and volume are properties you deal with every day, the idea of density is a little
less obvious and takes careful thought. However, once you get the hang of it, density is very
useful.
CONCEPT NOTES
MASS
• measure of how heavy the object
• The SI unit for mass is the gram (g) & kilogram (kg).
Kilograms/ kg- larger unit of mass that is used to measure heavier objects
Ex. The mass of one liter of milk is about 1 kilogram / 1kg
VOLUME
• Volume is the amount of space an object takes up.
• Measured in milliliters (ml) or in cubic meter (𝑐𝑚3) 1 ml= 1 𝑐𝑚3
• Can be measured with a ruler or graduated cylinder
DENSITY
• Measurement of how tightly the matter is packed in a substance.
• Density is the amount of matter in one-unit volume of the substance.
• Unit g/ml or g/cm3
Solution:
56 grams
D= 3
14 cm
=4 g/cm3
= 2.8 g
To remember the relationship of the three, the triangle of power could be of help.
To learn more about density, mass, and volume, you may the following links:
References:
https://sciencing.com/relationship-between-mass-volume-density-6597014.html
https://bit.ly/38GZ6Sm
https://bit.ly/2WM26r4
ASSESSMENT
Conception Activity
Quiz
Direction: Solve the problems below using the appropriate formula.
1. A sphere is made from gold. It has volume 3 cm3 and mass 60 g. Calculate the density of
the object.
2. An object is made from steel. It has a volume of 25 m3and a mass of 425 kg. Calculate
the density of the object.
3. The mass of an object is 600 g. The density of the substance which the object is made
from is 3.2 g/cm 3. Calculate the volume of the object.
4. Copper has a density of 9 g/c m3. Calculate the mass of 240 cm 3of copper.