Title: Study on Safety Management

Table of Contents
Serial No. Topics Page
No.
Preface

Acknowledgement
Executive Summary
Company Profile
Chapter- one: Introduction
1.1 Introduction

1.2 Background on safety management

1.3 History on safety management

1.4 Origin of the study on safety management

1.5 Problem statement on safety management

1.6 Significance of the study

1.7 Scope of the study

1.8 Aims of the study

1.9 Objectives of the study

1.10 Research questions

Chapter- Two: Literature Review

2.1 Definition of Safety Management

2.2 Causes of Safety management

 2.3 Dimension of Safety Management

2.4 The nature and scope of Safety Management

2.5 The Importance of Safety Management

2.6 Factors of Safety Management

2.7 Theory of Safety Management

2.8 Method of Safety Management

2.9 Model of safety Management

2.10 Core components of Safety Management on Kiam

Metal
2.11 Safety management characteristics

2.12 Conclusion

Chapter- Three: Methodology

3.1 Definition of methodology
3.2 Primary and secondary data
3.3 Qualitative, quantitative and mixed model
3.4 Focus group
3.5 Observation
3.6 Ethical issues
3.7 Methodology of the study
3.8 Source of data
3.9 Questionnaire
Chapter- 4 : Finding and discussion
4.1 introduction
4.2 Finding-1
4.3 Finding-2
4.4 Discussion
4.5 Conclusion
Chapter- 5: Conclusion and recommendation
5.1 Conclusion
5.2 Recommendations

Letter of Submission
21/03/2023
Taslim Ahammad

Associated Professor,

Department of Management Studies,

Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science & Technology University, Gopalganj-8100.

Subject: Submission of Industrial Tour report on “Safety Management"

Dear Sir,
It is my great pleasure to submit the of Industrial Tour report titled “Human Resource
Management” under the course “Industrial Tour” that is assigned me as a partial requirement of
BBA course. I am thankful to the department for allowing me the opportunity to do the report on
this topic. I am thankful to all those persons who provided me important information and gave
me valuable advices.
Finally, I am truly grateful to the department for giving me this nice opportunity to work on this
report, which I have considered as a great chance for me to develop my research concepts.
Although I have tried our best, certain mistakes and inconveniences may reside and for this I
seek pardon and hope the department will accept my apologies.
Yours obediently,
............
Abdur Rahman
Session: 2017-2018,
4th Year-1st - Semester
Department of Management Studies,
Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science & Technology University.

Letter of Acceptance
It is my pleasure to accept your work for preparing industrial tour report titled “Human Resource
Management” I have gone through the whole report. I think the report is highly informative &
relevant. The report is seemed original to me. I appreciate you for such a good work.
I wish you every success in life.
With thanks,
Taslim Ahammad
Associate Professor,

Department of Management Studies,

Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science & Technology University Gopalganj-8100.

Dedicated To,
Our Honorable course instructor Taslim Ahammad who inspired to prepare the Industrial Tour
Report.

Executive Summary
The study is planned to evaluate the safety management strengths and weaknesses on Kiam
Metal Industries Limited (KMIL).To analyze worker safety performance some key variables are
selected Liquidity Ratios, solvency ratios. From the analysis and interpretation of data it was
observed that the company managerial performance, profit earning capability etc. The report
describes how management commitment and worker representation in OSH management can
significantly increase a company's chances of implementing good practice. It also highlights the
need to support micro and small enterprises (MSEs) with OSH in line with the Strategic
Framework on Health and Safety at Work on the work places. The tendency for organizations to
focus more on traditional 'safety' aspects of OSH than on health and psychosocial risks was also
identified as an area that must be addressed, particularly in MSE and certain sectors.

Company Profile
Kiam Metal Industries Limited is one of the Largest Kitchenware manufacturer and
exporter company in Bangladesh where used world-famous latest technology and machineries
which are collected from China, Germany, Japan, India and having more. Here
engaged 1,650 (One thousand, Six hundred and Fifty) highly skilled and motivated
employees. The products of Kiam Metal are so qualitative that it could easily take the place
of the foreign products competing with them and can save our foreign currency by
reducing imports of kitchenware utensils. After fulfilling the domestic demand KIAM has
exported to Saudi Arabia, Dubai, Australia, England, Netherlands, and India etc. Thus
the contribution of KIAM is increasing the national economy day by day. It is
playing a vital role in socio-economic development of the country. Kiam Metal Industries
Limited initially set up for manufacturing of Aluminum utensils and Enamelware for domestic
Consumption particularly for mass people. Considering the demand of the day, it has diversified
its production line and producing almost all types of kitchenware like Plastic goods, Non-Stick
Utensils (Fry Pans, Casseroles, Pans, Tawas, and Stew Pans etc.), Aluminum Utensils, and
Pressure Cookers which are import-substitute. The Project is managed by efficient and dynamic
business personalities. Meanwhile, the company has successfully established dynamic market
within the country keeping in mind the present growing market demand. It is an ISO 9001:2008
Certified, CIP (Industry) 1998 to 2015 Company for its best quality management system.
1.1 Introduction of Safety Management: Kiam Metal Industries Ltd. (a sister
concern of BRB group) is a private limited company was formed and incorporated in 1990
and situated at BSCIC Industrial Estate, Kushtia, 5 km. from Kushtia town. Kiam Metal
Industries Limited is the largest kitchenware manufacturing industry in Bangladesh and
producing all types of cooking utensils which are used as household items.
Safety management is an evolutionary discipline that aims at turning safety and its
management in socio-technical systems into a business function, along lines similar to those
through which finance, legal, human resources, quality and any other business of the
organization are managed as business functions. Socio-technical systems operate and, most
important, fail in unique ways. An appreciation of success and failure of socio-technical
systems operations requires a different perspective as compared to success and failure of
purely technical systems.
1.2 Background of Safety Management on Kiam Metal: The products of Kiam
Metal are so qualitative that it could easily take the place of the foreign products competing
with them and can save our foreign currency by reducing imports of kitchenware utensils.
After fulfilling the domestic demand KIAM has exported to Saudi Arabia, Dubai, Australia,
England, Netherlands, and India etc. Thus the contribution of KIAM is increasing the
national economy day by day. It is playing a vital role in socio-economic development of the
country.
Kiam Metal Industries Limited is a private limited company incorporated in the year 1990
and has continued its operations since then. It is located at Basic Industrial Estate Kushtia-
700, 5(five) km from Kushtia city. The main objective of the company is to manufacture
aluminum utensils and especially enamel utensils for domestic use for common man.
1.3 History of Safety Management on Kiam Metal: Experience in setting various
hazard prevention resolutions, sound knowledge of fire safety regulations, in-depth
knowledge of risk assessment methods, Ability to work under deadlines, ability to evaluate
all fire safety devices, good communication skills in both oral and written form, skilled in
working with team. Ensure that all fire and safety equipment in an organization is in place
and in good condition at all times. Ensure that there are well-developed plans for the easy
evacuation of people from a building in the event of a fire on product fire safety tests from
time to time Enforce safety codes and regulations/guidelines within a specific organization
Training and educating colleagues or employees on general fire safety rules and procedures.
Initial guidelines for the safe management of vessels were adopted by the IMO in October
1989. Subsequently, in 1993, the IMO adopted the ISM Code, which was made mandatory
in 1998 and further revised in 2000. Its stated purpose is to provide an international standard
for the safe management and operation of ships and for pollution prevention.
1.4 Origin of the study on safety management:
Even though the presence of safety management system practices is linked with incident
reduction and may represent a necessary first-step in accident prevention, safety
performance may also depend on mediation by safety-focused cognitive and emotional
engagement by workers. Thus, when organizations invest in a safety management system
approach to reducing/preventing accidents and improving safety performance, they should
also be concerned about winning over the minds and hearts of their workers through human
performance-based safety management systems designed to promote and enhance worker
engagement.
1.5 Problem statement on safety management inKiam Metal:
Electrical Fires – According to the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA),
electrical wiring and faulty wire insulation are the leading causes of ignition within
commercial buildings and non-confined areas. After a fire, it is difficult to identify the
source of the fault due to poor cable management, but since non-confined areas are
especially with workers engaged in the work, accidental damage to cables should be
considered.
Equipment Damage – Exposed power cables that are damaged can cause electrical power
spikes, intermittent power delivery and short circuits. While sensitive electronics equipment
such as computers and printers are most vulnerable to destruction by power surges, other
operating equipment that contains motors can overheat and shorten their lifespan.

1.6 Significance of the study: Certified by the “Ministry of Environment & Forest” for
special contribution in the realm of ‘Environment Pollution Control’. Being the father figure
in the industry, BRB has always been the first to set an example for others in contributing in
different aspects for the betterment of the country. SMS has four components in its
framework which is often referred to as the Four Pillars of Safety Management System.
a) Safety Policy and Objectives: Employers should make safety an integral part of
company values, demonstrating their commitment daily. Specifically, top management
needs to set safety goals as policy, while being visible and personally involved in meeting
them.
b) Safety Risk Management: In order to effectively control safety risks, designated staff
should perform a series of interconnected processes collectively called Safety Risk
Management (SRM). It generally focuses on anticipating and mitigating risks at the process
level.
C) Security Assurance: Safety Assurance (SA) is the component of the Safety Management
System that deals with monitoring the control of risks during operations. After strategically
putting control systems in place, their effectiveness and efficiency should also be evaluated.
d) Safety promotion: Used interchangeably with safety culture, safety promotion is defined
as activities that support SMS implementation in an organization, such as training,
knowledge-sharing, and communication.

1.7 Scope of the safety management: To obtain a certificate in occupational health

and safety (OH&S) management systems, an organization must meet the requirements of
ISO 45001:2018. The first step and section 1 is defining a scope. Scope specifies its
boundaries and applicability of the OH&S management system. The scope will be
mentioned in the ISO certificate as it states which parts of the business are included or
excluded from the certificate Scope will help a company registrar know what areas or your
business to audit and also allow for an estimated audit time.
a) Anticipate, identify and evaluate hazardous conditions and practices.
b) Develop hazard control designs, methods, procedures and programs.
c) Implementation, administer and advise others on hazard controls and hazard control
programs.
d) Measure, audit and evaluate the effectiveness of hazard controls and hazard control
programs.
.
1.8 Aims of safety management: Kiam metal industries represent an effective strategy
for the seismic retrofit of existing steel moment resisting frames (MRFs), as they contribute
to increasing the strength and ductility capacity of the structure. However, current design
strategies do not provide recommendations on how the performance increase is achieved.
Prioritizing either the increase of strength or ductility capacity has an impact on the damage
evolution and affects the overall performance of the structure .The main purpose of a safety
management system is to provide a systematic approach for managing safety risks in
operations. SMS also aims to improve safety by building on existing
processes, demonstrating corporate due diligence, and reinforcing overall safety culture.
Effective safety management is crucial in continuing to operate and grow the business,
especially in high-risk industries such as aviation, energy, maritime, and construction. A
safety management system encompasses service provider activities involved in safe aircraft
operations, including organizational affairs such as legal, finance, and human resources.

1.9 Objectives of the study: The purpose of a safety management system is to provide
a structured management approach for controlling safety risks in operations. Effective
security management must consider the security-related processes of the organization's
specific structure and operations. The SMS development begins with setting the
organizational safety policy. It defines the generic principles upon which the SMS is built
and operated. This first step outlines the strategy for achieving acceptable levels of safety
within the organization.
Safety planning and the implementation of safety management procedures are the next key
steps in the processes designed to mitigate and contain risk in operations. Once these
controls are ready, quality management techniques can be utilized to ensure that they
achieve the intended objectives and, where they fail, to improve them. This is accomplished
by deployment of safety assurance and evaluation processes which in turn provide for a
continuous monitoring of operations and for identifying areas of safety improvement.
 1.10 Research questions: Each SMS component contains elements that describe
specific needs for the successful implementation and maintenance of a safety management
system. Originated from ICAO, the 12 safety management system elements are:
 Safety Accountability and Responsibilities
 Appointment of Key Safety Personnel
 Safety Risk Assessment and Mitigation
 Safety Performance Monitoring and Measurement
o What are the critical steps in your job?
 What is the worst thing that could happen?
 How do you prevent the “worst” thing from happening?
 How can I help you prevent a potential injury?
 Do you feel like you get the proper safety training?
2.1 Definition of Safety Management:
Safety Management System (SMS) is a collection of structured, company-wide processes
that provide effective risk-based decision-making for daily business functions. Safety
Management Systems help organizations offer products or services at the highest level of
safety and maintain safe operations. According to the International Civil Aviation
Organization (ICAO), the key processes of a safety management system are hazard
identification, occurrence reporting, risk management, performance measurement, and
quality assurance.
Safety management involves steps to reduce the risk of accident and injury. Many companies
do this informally, while others adopt an official safety management system. A safety
management system is designed to manage safety risk in the workplace, occupational safety
being defined as the reduction of risk to a level that is as low as is reasonably practicable or
ALARP to prevent people getting hurt

2.2 Causes of Safety management:

The work-related factors can be defective equipment, inadequate safety devices, poor
housekeeping and absence of maintenance of machines, which can result in accidents.
Common Causes of Workplace Accidents. The workplace can be dangerous, even more so in
an industrial environment.
o Lifting
Many employees are prone to sprain, strain or tear a muscle by virtue of lifting an object that
is too heavy for them to lift on their own. Keep in mind that there is no harm in asking for
help with objects that are difficult to lift.
o Fatigue 
Failing to take a break is another common cause of accidents. In order to recover from
grueling manual labor, it is essential that employees take adequate breaks. Not doing so can
lead to a slew of physical issues, including atrophy and general exhaustion.
o Dehydration
 Not staying hydrated can also bring about disastrous consequences. On exceptionally hot
summer days, failing to drink adequate amounts of water can cause heat stroke or cardiac
conditions. This can be avoided by simply drinking at least eight glasses of water per day. .
o Hazardous Materials
Improper handling of hazardous materials or not wearing personal protective equipment
(PPE) is another common cause of accidents in the workplace. By reading material safety
data sheets and providing the appropriate protective attire, many workplace incidents can be
avoided.
o Acts of Workplace Violence
Sadly, violence among co-workers has become all too common. It is usually brought about
by office politics or other sensitive issues. Integrating conflict resolution and peer mediation
can help to reduce the risks of such outbursts.
o Stress
Stress is one of the leading causes of death. It affects the human body in every facet
imaginable. Stress can foster negative effects physiologically, emotionally and mentally, as
well as debilitate or distract any worker.

2.3 Dimension of Safety Management:

Safety Dimensions supports organization’s to effectively deal with safety performance
challenges. We train and develop leaders to do what’s required to tangibly change
organizational safety behavior, enable compliance and ensure due diligence. We know how
important it is to create a sustainable safety culture that gives your people the right skill sets,
mind-sets and tools, rather than just putting more ‘rules’ or paper trails in place
 Physical safety
In the COVID era, physical safety has taken on new layers of meaning. In addition to
protocols designed to prevent accidents and injuries, physical safety measures aim to limit
employees’ risk of exposure to COVID-19—and other illnesses as well.
 Emotional safety
Even in situations where people are physically safe, they might not feel safe. This touches on
emotional safety, a term explained by James Huysmans in Psychology Today: “Emotional
safety comes from within us. It is the ‘knowing’ of what we’re feeling; the ability to be able
to identify our feelings and then take the ultimate risk of feeling them.”
 Psychological safety
“Psychological safety is a condition in which you feel (1) included, (2) safe to learn, (3) safe
to contribute, and (4) safe to challenge the status quo—all without fear of being embarrassed,
marginalized, or punished in some way. “Creating these conditions is a start; when people do
speak up, they need to know that someone a leader, perhaps someone in management,
someone who can do something is listening.

2.4 The nature and scope of Safety Management:

 When talking about safety, occupational health and safety professionals are usually talking
about keeping employees and others free from physical injury. Unlike health hazards safety
hazards are usually very immediate, often apparent, and are also often easier to explain the
significance to others such as managers, directors and employees Writing policies and
procedures
 Assessing risks
 Investigating accidents
 Advising managers and directors
 Consulting with employees
 Training
 Managing Contractors
 Environmental Management
 Quality Management
 Security
 Training
 Food Safety
 Transport
The role of the health and safety practitioner is broad, challenging and complex, it can feel a
very thankless task at times, yet at other times incredibly rewarding. As a result, an effective
health and safety practitioner is a very versatile creature with much variety in their role.

2.5 The Importance of Safety Management on Kiam Metal:

It has been 20 years since the ISM code became mandatory. Namely, a “Safety Management
System” is the core requirement for the ISM Code implementation; its aim is to ensure that
safety is secured, humans are protected from injury and harm, and the environment and
property are not damaged.
1) Increased Compliance
Given the importance of occupational health and safety, governments have stringent
regulations for companies in that area. Compliance can be especially challenging for large
companies, since laws change by location.
2) Improved Efficiency
A safety management system can automate repetitive and time-consuming aspects of
occupational health and safety. The SMS can handle documents such as safety audits and
inspection reports in digital format
3) Reduced Costs
A safety management system reduces costs directly by preventing accidents. Each dollar
invested in safety saves up to $3 in accident costs. However, there are also savings that are
not related to accidents.
4) Improved Performance
 A safe workplace is a more productive workplace. If there is an established system to detect
and manage risks, employees have a clear course of action when they encounter a hazard.
However, when there is no clear guidance, a single hazard can disrupt multiple activities.
5) Boosted Employee Confidence
Employees feel protected when they know that a company has a reliable safety management
system. This confidence improves productivity since they know the most effective ways to
handle risks and report hazards.

2.6 Factors of Safety Management on Kiam Metal:

You can work on your safety attitude by remembering five key things:
1. FOCUS. A good safety attitude means you stay focused on the task. How well are you
concentrating on the job? If you have other things on your mind, you may be distracted.
And if you’re distracted (or bored), an accidental slip is easy.
2. STRENGTH. This isn’t about bench pressing. In this context, strength means the
strength to do the right thing, even when you’re under pressure to take shortcuts. A good
safety attitude means you have the strength to stick with what you know is the right way
of doing something – the safe way.
3. TIME. A good safety attitude means taking time to do things correctly and using the
right PPE. Is saving a few seconds worth a lifelong injury? If you add up the lifetime
costs of injuries (hospital bills, medication, physical therapy, not to mention all the time
you’ll spend on the phone with the insurance company), it’s obviously cheaper to do the
job the right way the first time.
4. RESPONSIBILITY. If you truly care about your team, you’ll take responsibility even
when a task “isn’t my job” A good safety attitude means thinking of yourself as part of
the team and thinking of the team as an extension of yourself.
5. RISK. A good safety attitude means being smart and avoid taking unnecessary risks.

2.7 Theory of Safety Management:

In traditional safety management, the theory of accident prevention is based on the work of
H.W. Heinrich. In his seminal 1931 book "Industrial Accident Prevention: A Scientific
Approach," Heinrich wrote that "88 percent of all industrial accidents are caused by the
unsafe acts of persons."
1. Division of Work-
Henri believed that segregating work in the workforce amongst the worker will enhance the
quality of the product. Similarly, he also concluded that the division of work improves the
productivity, efficiency, accuracy and speed of the workers.
2. Authority and Responsibility-
These are the two key aspects of management. Authority facilitates the management to work
efficiently, and responsibility makes them responsible for the work done under their guidance
or leadership.
 3. Discipline-
Without discipline, nothing can be accomplished. It is the core value for any project or any
management. Good performance and sensible interrelation make the management job easy
and comprehensive.
4. Unity of Command-
This means an employee should have only one boss and follow his command. If an employee
has to follow more than one boss, there begins a conflict of interest and can create confusion.
5. Subordination of Individual Interest-
This indicates a company should work unitedly towards the interest of a company rather than
personal interest. Be subordinate to the purposes of an organization. This refers to the whole
chain of command in a company.
6. Equity-
All employees should be treated equally and respectfully. It’s the responsibility of a manager
that no employees face discrimination.
7. Stability-
An employee delivers the best if they feel secure in their job. It is the duty of the
management to offer job security to their employees.

2.8 Method of Safety Management on Kiam Metal: Remove all nails and staples
from the reel flanges before moving a reel, and avoid all objects that could crush, gouge or
impact the cable when moving.
These are three methods implemented by designers and are classified as shown below.
1. Inherently safe design measures
2. Safeguarding and complimentary protective measures
3. Information for use
In other words, it is desirable to implement measures according to the following
procedure, which is called the 3-step Method and protective measures.
Your company can overcome these barriers to understanding safety requirements by:
 Offering site-specific supervisor safety training.
 Compiling supervisor safety responsibilities into concise handbooks for easy
reference.
 Obtaining outside materials developed specifically for managers and supervisors.
 Establishing a policy of interactive, one-on-one training. This involves asking
people specific questions about their safety efforts and showing them where to
improve.

2.9 Model of safety Management:

Reducing the Risk Level happens in two ways. We can reduce or neutralize the Hazards
Factors or we can increase the Safety Factors. The thing that is important to realize is that
 many Hazards and Safety Factors are completely interchangeable, that is they can be
either one or the other.

•All system operations represent some degree of risk. Recognize that human interaction
with elements of the system entails some element of risk.
•Weigh the risks and make judgements according to your own knowledge, inputs from
subject matter experts, experience, and programed need. There may be no ‘single
solution’ to a safety problem. There are usually a variety of directions to pursue.
•Risks are reduced asymptotically. Thus the closer to zero we get the more effort is
needed. We thus need to know when enough is enough.

2.10 Core components of Safety Management within organization:

We’ll explore the 8 key components of occupational health and safety (OHS)
management systems. They are:
1. Planning-The first key component of any occupational health and safety (OHS)
management system is planning. Whether you use a paper-based ‘Safety Statement’ or
dedicated occupational health and safety (OHS) management software, planning should
be front and center of everything you do.
2. Incident reporting-The second key component of occupational health and safety
management systems is incident reporting. An OHS system should be accessible to all
members of an organization, from senior management down to junior employees, so that
they can report incidents in a timely manner.
3. User-friendly interface-The third key component of occupational health and safety
management systems is that they have a clear, user-friendly interface. An ‘Interface’ is
any way that an end-user (such as an employee) interacts with a system or software.
4. Training-The fourth key component of any occupational health and safety
management system is training. Without training, your organization’s OHS system won’t
run smoothly, no matter how much you invest in OHS software.
5. Risk assessments-The fifth key component of occupational health and safety
management systems is risk assessments. This means that the system should help the
 organization’s senior management conduct risk assessments and decide on an appropriate
course of action.
6. Certification-The sixth key component of any occupational health and safety
management system is certification. The system should be certified by a trusted third
party to ensure that it is fit for purpose.
7. Communication-The seventh key component of OHS management systems is
communication. The system must help staff communicate with each other and help the
organization foster communication.
2.11 Safety management characteristics on Kiam Metal:
SMS is composed of four functional components:
 Safety Policy
 Safety Risk Management
 Safety Assurance
 Safety Promotion
The Four SMS Functional Components
The essential idea of any SMS be it a product/service provider's SMS or the SMS of the
regulator responsible for safety oversight is to provide for a systematic approach to
achieving acceptable levels of safety risk. SMS is comprised of four functional
components, including an intangible, but always critical, aspect called safety culture.

2.12 Conclusion:
The lives and health of human beings, the growth and prosperity of the economy, and the
increasing need for safety are immediate concerns which provided the original
momentum for the progress of safety management. In recent years there has been a
realization that the reliability of complex work systems in achieving operational goals
safely depends on social structures as well as technical arrangements. Hence, it is now
necessary to mitigate the risks in order to achieve safe operations in the public places.
3.1 Definition of methodology: These processes also provide effective and objective
mechanisms to assess the risk presented by hazards and implement ways to eliminate these
hazards or mitigate the risks associated with them. The Kiam Metal Industries Limited has been
selected for an in-depth study of the analysis and interpretation of the financial statements of the
company. The study is based on secondary data contained in the annual reports and annual
accounts of the company during the period under study. The data have been collected from the
company by visiting personally. Safety assessment is an important aspect of health management for
complex system. Kiam Metal is one of the expert systems which can handle uncertainty, ambiguity and
conflicting information. In safety assessment based on Kiam metal, its initial parameters are determined
by experts and then modified by optimization models

3.2 Primary and secondary data: Current studies in system safety assessment can be
divided into three categories, the data-based safety assessment method, the knowledge-based
safety assessment method and the semi-quantitative information-based safety assessment
method. Data that has been generated by the researcher himself/herself, surveys, interviews,
experiments, specially designed for understanding and solving the research problem at hand.

3.3 Qualitative, quantitative and mixed model: Qualitative risk analysis is a

descriptive measure and relies upon the judgement skills of project managers to determine the
impact and probability of risk, in this case, health and safety risks. Quantitative analysis is used
to produce a more developed risk model and more accurate projections, depending on the quality
of the data inputted. In a lot of good risk analyses relating to safety, there is a mix of qualitative
and quantitative analysis that works together to produce a fairly comprehensive risk analysis.
 Failure modes and effects analysis (FMEA): Qualitative risk analysis relies upon two
main pieces of information
 Red, Amber, Green (RAG) and risk urgency assessment
 Categorization: This tool allows management to group risks by category.
 Sensitivity Analysis: A Sensitivity analysis is a very useful tool in safety risk
management.
  Project simulations: Project simulations are group enactments or staging’s of situations.
These simulations can be enacted by actual people on a team; where workers and
managers simulate a project.

3.4 Focus group on Kiam metal: Focus groups can help you identify and analyses
emerging psychosocial hazards and inform future planning identified in the risk assessment
process. They're ideal for consulting with workers and enable the collection of meaningful data
on people's perceptions of their work environment.
1. Watch, Listen & Learn during training.
2. Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) – is crucial in the prevention of injury, so ensure
you wear it and wear it properly.
3. Watch where you place your hands.
4. Be visual of your surroundings.
5. Pay attention to what you are doing.
Work Safe BC is a provincial body set up to maintain a safe, healthful working
environment at job sites throughout the province.
Health and Safety Committees.
Employer’s Responsibilities: Watch, Listen & Learn during training., Personal Protective
Equipment (PPE) – is crucial in the prevention of injury, so ensure you wear it and wear
it properly, Watch where you place your hands, Be visual of your surroundings, Pay
attention to what you are doing.

3.5 Observation: There are three imperatives for adopting safety practices. They are ethical,
legal and financial. There is a moral obligation placed on the steel plant management to ensure
that the work place and the work activities are safe. There are legal requirements defined for safe
working. Safe working also reduces down time, improves workman’s morale and promotes
systematic working, resulting into substantial reduction in the cost of production and financial
savings. Investigation procedures. Standards for new plant and process modification.
Firefighting programmers. Provision of firefighting equipment etc. Training of employees.

3.6 Ethical issues on Kiam Metal: Key ethical issues include confidentiality of medical
records; inappropriate discrimination against minorities, women, and disabled or hyper
susceptible employees; and "blaming the victim" vs. reducing exposures. Some OSHA standards
require medical monitoring; perhaps one of the most distressing issues is the failure of OSHA
and employers to analyze accumulated data systematically. All system properly maintain Kiam
Metal industries. The company has successfully established dynamic market within the country
keeping in mind the present growing market demand. It is an ISO 9001:2008 Certified, CIP
(Industry) 1998 to 2015 Company for its best quality management system.
3.7 Methodology of the study:  The key processes of a safety management system are
hazard identification, occurrence reporting, risk management, performance measurement, and
quality assurance. Crafting policies and procedures in your organization that will be
implemented also plays an essential role in the direction of your program. 
a) Properly prepare facing any incidents
b) Maintain rules and regulation
c) Using instrument for protect disaster.
d) waring musk, hand glops
As with other management functions, this entails planning, organizing, and deploying, with your
organizational structure in mind. Implementing a records management system can further
support your safety efforts by organizing your business’s safety protocols, managing your
documentation in a way that is easy to access and understand, and safekeeping the digital
archives of your team’s current and previous safety training.

3.8 Source of data: Regardless of how many different ways you employ within your
organization to collect data to feed into your SMS system, this article explores the numerous
ways you can get useful data. In fact, 30 different ways have been identified that you can
incorporate or adapt to improve your SMS system.
 Security reporting: Safety reporting should be encouraged within the organization's
culture, depending on the organization's structure the safety reporting process can be
formalized with the introduction of safety representatives from different areas of the
business.
 Security audit: Security audits and assessments are completely different from quality
audits and require different skills to deliver effective security audits.
 Monitoring safety culture through surveys: As any opportunity to collect data is
valuable and offers the potential to monitor and manage trends, focusing surveys is an
important aspect of data structure that is desirable.
 Ad-hoc questions on selected security issues: A relatively large pool of employee
questionnaires can be a good source of identification for issues of concern, which
subsequently leads to safety related surveys and projects.
 Quality Assurance Program: Quality assurance has been around for years and is very
mature, although the nature of quality auditing is different from safety auditing, a large
amount of relevant data is collected by quality systems that can be used through SMS
systems.
 Training records: Any opportunity to use qualitative data can be used as a guiding
element to understand areas where performance can be identified. It should be noted that
some information needs to be personalized before being used as data within an SMS.
3.9 Questionnaire: A questionnaire is a list of questions or items used to gather data from
respondents about their attitudes, experiences, or opinions. Questionnaires can be used to collect
quantitative and/or qualitative information.
Researcher-administered questionnaires can:
 Help you ensure the respondents are representative of your target audience
 Allow clarifications of ambiguous or unclear questions and answers
 Have high response rates because it’s harder to refuse an interview when personal
attention is given to respondents

a) Everyone receives compulsory health and safety training?

b) Systems are in place to identify and deals with hazards?
c) Workplace health and safety is considered extremely important?
d) There is an active health and safety committee?
e) Health and safety procedures are clearly communicated?
Answer provide by-

o Strongly agree

o Agree

o Neutral

o Disagree

o Strongly Disagree

4.1
4.2
4.3
4.4

4.5 Conclusion: According to the definition and advantages and disadvantages of methods of
measurement which were discussed in this paper, we can conclude that most of the types of
measurements are useful but implementation and quality of these kind of measurement should be
considered first and after that it should be mentioned that we should make sure that each specific
type of measurement is related and needed by specific level within organization and mixing up
these measurement types with unrelated level of organization can cause issue and inaccurate
vision from the section under measurement.