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  • (L1) Stereochemistry

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    1) Stereoisomerism refers to isomers that differ only in the orientation of atoms in space, not in bonding or atomic composition. 2) There are two main classes of stereoisomers - configurational isomers (enantiomers and diastereomers) which differ in atom orientation, and conformational isomers which differ in molecular shape. 3) Geometrical isomers are a type of configurational isomer that cannot interconvert due to restricted bond rotation, which can be caused by double bonds or cyclic structures.

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    [L1] Stereochemistry

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    1) Stereoisomerism refers to isomers that differ only in the orientation of atoms in space, not in bonding or atomic composition. 2) There are two main classes of stereoisomers - configurational isomers (enantiomers and diastereomers) which differ in atom orientation, and conformational isomers which differ in molecular shape. 3) Geometrical isomers are a type of configurational isomer that cannot interconvert due to restricted bond rotation, which can be caused by double bonds or cyclic structures.

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    8 views45 pages

    (L1) Stereochemistry

    Uploaded by

    Rayon Cha
    1) Stereoisomerism refers to isomers that differ only in the orientation of atoms in space, not in bonding or atomic composition. 2) There are two main classes of stereoisomers - configurational isomers (enantiomers and diastereomers) which differ in atom orientation, and conformational isomers which differ in molecular shape. 3) Geometrical isomers are a type of configurational isomer that cannot interconvert due to restricted bond rotation, which can be caused by double bonds or cyclic structures.

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    3.

    Stereoisomerism 1

    Anupam Gupta
    Anupam Gupta
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    Stereoisomerism 1

    Anupam Gupta
    Classification of Isomers

    Isomers

    Constitutional / Structural Stereoisomers

    Configurational Conformational
    The Two Major Classes of Isomers

    Stereoisomers

    Differ only in the way atoms are oriented in space


    Classify each pair of compounds as structural isomers or stereoisomers.
    Classification of Isomers

    Isomers

    Constitutional Stereoisomers

    Configurational Conformational

    Geometric Optical

    Enantiomers Diastereomers
    Geometrical isomerism

    Molecules which can’t interconvert due to restricted rotation about a bond.


    Geometrical isomerism

    Restricted rotation can be caused by either a cyclic structure or a double bond.


    Geometrical isomerism

    Restricted rotation can be caused by either a cyclic structure or a double bond.


    Geometrical isomerism

    Case 1
    Conditions of geometrical isomerism

    (I) Presence of a double bond or a ring structure

    (II) Different groups should be attached at each doubly bonded atom.


    Configurational nomenclature in G.I.

    If the two similar groups are on same side of restricted bond the configuration is cis
    otherwise trans.
    Which of the following compounds have restricted rotation and out of which
    can show geometrical isomerism?
    Which can show the cis-trans isomerism :

    A. CICH2CH2CI
    B. CI2C = CH2
    C. CI2C = CCI2
    D. CICH = CHCI
    Which of the following compounds can not show geometrical isomerism ?

    A. B.

    C. D.
    Geometrical isomerism

    Case 2
    Geometrical isomerism

    Case 3
    Geometrical isomerism

    Case 4
    Geometrical isomerism

    Case 5
    Which of the following can show geometrical isomerism ?
    The geometrical isomerism is shown by :-
    Which of the following compounds will not show geometrical isomerism :

    A. Azomethane
    B. 1-Bromo-2-chloroethene
    C. 1-Phenylpropene
    D. 2-Methyl-2-butene
    Which of the following does not show geometrical isomerism?

    A. 1,2-dichloro-1-pentene
    B. 1,3-dichloro-2-pentene
    C. 1, 1 -dichloro- 1-pentene
    D. 1,4-dichloro-2-pentene [2002]
    In the following structure, the double bonds are marked as I, II, III and IV
    Geometrical isomerism is not possible at site (s) :

    A. III
    B. I
    C. I and III [Main 2017]
    D. III and IV
    Which of the following compounds will exhibit geometrical isomerism ?
    A. 2 - Phenyl -1 - butene
    B. 1,1 - Diphenyl -1 - propene
    C. 1 - Phenyl - 2 - butene
    D. 3 - Phenyl -1 - butene [Main 2015]
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