UNIT 5

EXPLORING HEALTH,
SKELETONS AND MUSCLES
SUBJECT: SCIENCE
GRADE/CLASS:3A &3B &3C &3D
THIRD TERM
(WEEK 2)
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Objectives
➢ Explore the signs of illness, infectious
disease and vaccination

➢ Find out that water is an important part

of a healthy diet

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Infectious disease
▪Disease can be caused by pathogens.
▪Pathogens are microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses and fungi
that cause diseases.

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▪This disease are called infectious disease.
▪They can be spread from person to person.
▪Examples of infectious disease in humans are
➢ Measles
➢ Mumps
➢ Influenza
➢ Polio
➢ Covid-19

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9JW63U2mzqo
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▪What do you feel when you are
ill are called symptoms.
▪What can be measured or seen
is a sign.
▪Pain is a symptom.
▪Body temperature and your
pulse rate are signs.

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 Signs symptoms
▪ high body temperature ▪ coughs
▪ low body temperature ▪ feeling sick
▪ high heart rate ▪ fever
▪ low heart rate ▪ headache
▪ swollen glands ▪ noisy freezing
▪ skin rash
▪ sneezing
▪ sore throat
▪ stomach pain

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 Plant disease
▪Plants can also get infectious disease.
▪Examples are
➢ Leaf spot
➢ Mildew
➢ Mosaic virus disease

▪ A plant with a disease may have wilted, yellow or orange spotted

leaves and stems. It may also cover in mold.
▪ Some plant disease can be treated with chemicals but often the
plant has to be removed and destroyed. 11
 Vaccination

❑ Animals and humans have an immunity system to help fight

against invading pathogens.
❑ The body makes antibodies to kill the pathogens.
❑ This can take time to start so doctors have developed a way to
speed this process up. HOW? They inject weak or dead
pathogens to your body to encourage you to make antibodies.
This is called vaccination.

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❑ Some vaccines are given as
➢ a drop of liquid in the mouth
➢ a spray into the mouth or nose
❑ If you then get infected with the pathogen after being vaccinated,
your body will be more ready to attack the disease.

How a vaccine works 13

• -Infectious disease are caused by microorganisms.

• -They make us ill and can cause different signs and symptoms of disease.

• -Vaccination can prevents some infectious disease.

Why Do We Get Vaccines? - YouTube 14

The importance of water
o All living things are made of cells.
o Cells are very small structures filled with a
watery liquid.

o Without water the soil dry up and the life

processes cannot take place.
o like plants, all animals and humans need water
so their bodies can work properly.
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 Why do humans need water?
✓ About 70 percentage of our body is made of water.
✓ Humans need to drink water to replace the water we lose when we
➢ sweat
➢ breathe out damp breath
➢ go to the toilet
✓ Humans can survive three weeks without food but only three to four
days without water.

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▪ Experts agree that about 2-3 liters of liquid a day is enough for most adults

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▪ It is not it always easy for people to
get fresh drink water.

▪ Some people have to walk or travel

along a way to find water for their
families.

▪ Some people have to drain The

Dirty water, which can make them
ill.

Note: Animals and humans need 19

water to survive
THANKYOU

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