CYCLADIC SOCIETY

5000 YEARS AGO

ATHENS 2016
 The catalogue is issued in conjunction with the exhibition Cycladic Society 5000
years ago, organized by the Museum of Cycladic Art in collaboration with the
Hellenic Ministry of Culture and Sports and with the contribution of the Ephorate
of Antiquities of the Cyclades.

Back cover All rights reserved. No part of this book, texts or photographs, may be reproduced
"Cymatolege" or transmitted in any form or by any means without the explicit permission in
© Petros Koublis writing of the authors, the lending Institutes and the editors.

ISBN Copyright
978-618-5060-20-6 2016 Museum of Cycladic Art - Hellenic Ministry of Culture and Sports

4
 EXHIBITION

Curatorship and Museographic Project

Prof. Nicholaοs Chr. Stampolidis
Cooperation: Ioulia G. Lourentzatou

Architectural Design
GR405-ARIS ZAMBIKOS
Project Manager: Ioanna Mougkasi

Conservation - Mounting of Objects

Giannis Damigos
Kostas Pantazis

Translation
Maria Xanthopoulou

Visual Identity
Bend

CATALOGUE

Scientific Editor
Prof. Nicholaοs Chr. Stampolidis
Cooperation: Ioulia G. Lourentzatou

Scientific co-Editors
Ephorate of Antiquities of Cyclades
Dr. Anastasia Angelopoulou
Irini Legaki

Translation
Maria Xanthopoulou

Design
Bend

Printed by
Lyhnia SA

Organizing Committee
Prof. Nicholaοs Chr. Stampolidis
Dr. Demetrios Athanasoulis
Dr. Maria Lagogianni
Dr. Eleni Banou

ORGANIZATION CONTRIBUTION

5
 © PHOTOGRAPHY CREDITS OF CATALOGUE

© Ministry of Culture and Sports, Archaeological Receipts Fund

National Archaeological Museum: cat. nos. 6 - 7, 19, 30 - 31, 36 - 39, 42 -

44, 68, 110, 118, 147 - 148, 166, 169 - 170, 180 (Irini Miari), 4, 23, 32, 109,
137, (Photography Archive), 149 (Giannis Patrikianos).

© Ministry of Culture and Sports, Ephorate of Antiquities of Athens

Paul and Alexandra Canellopoulos Museum: cat. nos. 22, 41, 87, 92, 138
and p. 7 (Irini Miari).

© Ministry of Culture and Sports, Ephorate of Antiquities of the Cyclades

Naxos Archaeological Museum: cat. nos. 1, 25, 27, 35, 48, 56, 70, 72 - 73,
78 - 79, 81 - 82, 103 - 106, 117, 127 - 129, 131, 134, 140 - 142, 151 - 154,
156, 158 - 159, 162 - 165, 172 - 175, 177, 179, 181 - 183, 185 - 186, 188
(Mavroeidis Mavroeidopoulos) and cat. nos I, III (p. 124-125).
Syros Archaeological Museum: cat. nos. 9 - 10, 15 - 18, 28 - 29, 34, 40, 45,
52 - 55, 67, 74 - 75, 86, 111 - 112, 119, 125, 130, 133, 136, 139, 143, 145 - 146
(Irini Miari).
Apeiranthos Archaeological Collection: cat. nos. 14, 33, 50 - 51, 62, 69,
115, 135, 157, 167, 171, 189 (Mavroeidis Mavroeidopoulos).
Paros Archaeological Museum: cat. nos. 26, 60, 71, 132, 168
(Irini Miari).

© Museum of Cycladic Art: cat. nos. 2, 5, 21, 63, 76, 80, 90 - 91, 96 - 97,
99 - 100, 107, 113 - 114, 120 - 121, 123, 150, 160 - 161, 176, 184, 191 and
p. 141, 197, 205 (George Fafalis), 3, 8, 11 - 13, 20, 46 - 47, 49, 57 - 59, 61,
64 - 65, 77, 83 - 85, 88 - 89, 93 - 95, 98, 101 - 102, 108, 116, 122, 124, 144,
155, 178, 190, cat. nos II, IV (p. 124-125) and p. 131, 213 (Irini Miari).

© Petros Koublis: p. 2-3 / “Nemertes”, p. 126-127 / “Pherusa”,

p. 223-224 / “Telesto”.

© Paris Tavitian: p. 26, 29, 30-31, 226-227, 233, 246-247.

Of all of the available transliterations of Greek toponyms into English,

we have chosen here, with a few exceptions, to use the most simplified,
e.g. “agios” for “άγιος”, “Sifnos” for “Σίφνος”, etc.

8
Authors of Catalogue alphabetically

Dr. Anastasia Angelopoulou, Ephorate of Antiquities of the Cyclades

Dr. Michael Boyd, University of Cambridge
Dr. Aikaterini Ar. Karkani, Ephorate of Antiquities of Athens
Dr. Eleni Konstantinidi-Syvridi, National Archaeological Museum
Msc Katerina Kostanti, National Archaeological Museum
Yannos Kourayos, Ephorate of Antiquities of the Cyclades
Msc Irini Legaki, Ephorate of Antiquities of the Cyclades
Msc Ioulia G. Lourentzatou, Museum of Cycladic Art
Dr. Katia Manteli, National Archaeological Museum
Dr. Marisa Marthari, Honorary Director of Antiquities
Msc Mavroeidis Mavroeidopoulos, Ephorate of Antiquities of the Cyclades
Dr. Kostas Nikolentzos, National Archaeological Museum
Apostolos S. Papadimitriou, Ephorate of Antiquities of the Cyclades
Theodora Papangelopoulou, Ephorate of Antiquities of the Cyclades
Dr. Kostas Paschalidis, National Archaeological Museum
Dr. Vasiliki Pliatsika, National Archaeological Museum
Prof. Lord Colin Renfrew, University of Cambridge
Dr. Maria Sakellaraki, Ephorate of Antiquities of Athens
Prof. Nicholaos Chr. Stampolidis, University of Crete, MCA
Ε. Tsivilika, Archaeologist - Former Director
Dr. Katerina Voutsa, National Archaeological Museum
Dr. Photeini Zapheiropoulou, Honorary Director of Antiquities

Lenders to the Exhibition

Athens, National Archaeological Museum

Athens, Museum of Cycladic Art
Athens, Paul and Alexandra Canellopoulos Museum,
Ephorate of Antiquities of Athens
Cyclades, Apeiranthos Archaeological Collection (M. Bardanis
Museum), Ephorate of Antiquities of the Cyclades
Cyclades, Naxos Archaeological Museum, Ephorate of Antiquities
of the Cyclades
Cyclades, Paros Archaeological Museum, Ephorate of Antiquities
of the Cyclades
Cyclades, Syros Archaeological Museum, Ephorate of Antiquities
of the Cyclades

9
 CONTENTS

Forwards 13

Preface 25

TEXTS

Prof. Nicholaos Chr. Stampolidis 35

Introduction
Supervisory Note on the Early Cycladic
Society Exhibition

Dr. Anastasia Angelopoulou 55

Early Bronze Age Settlements in
the Cyclades

Dr. Anastasia Angelopoulou 65

Early Cycladic Pottery

Theodora Papangelopoulou 73
Metallurgy – Metalwork

Dr. Katia Manteli 81

The Art of Marble Carving in the Early
Bronze Age Cyclades (third millennium BC)

Mavroeidis Mavroeidopoulos 89
Funerary Customs

10
Irini Legaki 103
The Petroglyphs of Naxos and
the Lesser Cyclades

Dr. Photeini Zapheiropoulou 111

The Contribution of the Lesser Cyclades to
the Development of Early Cycladic Culture

Prof. Lord Colin Renfrew, 117

Dr. Marisa Marthari, Dr. Michael Boyd
The Curse of Looting:
The Scourge of Cycladic Archaeology

CATALOGUE OF OBJECTS

Social Focus 130

Activities, Crafts & Techniques 140
An Aspect of Social Life 196
Social Hierarchy 204
Beliefs and Cults 212

ABBREVIATIONS - BIBLIOGRAPHY 224

11
116

p. 116
"Keros Hoard" artefacts (after
Sotirakopoulou 2005, 40, fig. 6).
THE CURSE OF LOOTING:
THE SCOURGE OF CYCLADIC
ARCHAEOLOGY
-
Prof. Lord Colin Renfrew, Dr. Marisa Marthari, Dr. Michael Boyd
INTRODUCTION: THE TRAGIC LOSS OF KNOWLEDGE
It is a tragic situation that most of the Early Cycladic sculptures now kept or
exhibited in the world’s museums apart from the state museums of Greece (as
well as nearly all those in private collections) are the product of clandestine
excavations. Their findspots are unknown. The circumstances of their discovery
are lost: in what circumstances they were found, with what materials they were
associated at the time of their discovery are not recorded. Consequently they
can add little to our knowledge and understanding of the distant Cycladic past.
The looting of Cycladic antiquities represents a tragic loss of knowledge.
The looting of the Early Cycladic cemeteries and the subsequent sale of their
grave goods, marble figurines in particular, is an aspect of illicit activity which
has had a continuous presence in the Cyclades since at least the late 18th century1.
The need of the great museums in Western Europe to form their collections
resulted in the quest for art treasures in Greece2. Along with the remains of
the classical Greek world other antiquities, including Cycladic marble figurines,
although sometimes described as "barbarian" or "ugly", were most welcome.
After the founding of the modern Greek state in 1833 and the more or less
contemporary establishment of the Greek Archaeological Service, excavation of
antiquities in Greece was regulated by law (Law 10/1834). Ludwig Ross, General
Ephor of Antiquities, responsible for the antiquities of the Aegean islands since
1834, made systematic efforts to combat illicit trafficking of Cycladic antiquities
since, despite the shortcomings of that first law, the export of antiquities from
Greece without government permission was illegal. As is clear from the archives
of the Ephorate of Antiquities for the Cyclades, Ross was particularly concerned
about the case of Petros Kordias, British vice-consul in Mykonos, who encouraged
the opening of tombs in the surrounding islands’ Early Cycladic cemeteries, and
particularly in the cemetery of Messada in Paros. It was through Kordias that
Cycladic antiquities came into possession of Lord Viscount Strangford, the British
ambassador in Constantinople. Strangford’s remarkable collection, which came to
the British Museum, included notable Cycladic figurines3.
Μore effective antiquities legislation has been in place since 1899 (Law
2646/1899) 4. From that time on the unauthorised excavation of cemeteries
or settlements in the Cyclades and indeed elsewhere in Greece can properly
be characterized as "looting", since it was certainly illegal, even when carried
out by the landowner. Since the excavations were clandestine, the finds were
117
 unrecorded and all the information arising from the circumstances of discovery,
including the important associations of artefacts, was lost. Sadly most known
Early Cycladic sculptures in great European museums were recovered in this way,
with just a few significant exceptions.

Important and systematic excavations in the Early Cycladic cemeteries

were carried out in the 1890s by Christos Tsountas and well and promptly
published 5. They laid the basis for our current knowledge. The excavations of
Klon Stephanos in Naxos at the very beginning of the twentieth century were
thorough and systematic, but were not well-published until the important paper
by Papathanasopoulos 6 fifty years later. It took more than half a century until
systematic excavation (and publication) in the Early Cycladic cemeteries was
resumed by Christos Doumas 7. It is from the works of these three excavators
that our understanding of the Early Cycladic cemeteries mainly rests, and of
the sculptures which were recovered from them.

Early Cycladic sculpture was not greatly esteemed until the early twentieth
century. Then, however, the modernist movements, as represented by such
sculptors as Picasso, Braque, Brancusi and Giacometti, created a new aesthetic,
in which the striking simplicity of Cycladic sculpture came to be greatly
appreciated 8. From that time these sculptures were no longer regarded as
mere curiosities, but as works of art 9, and began to be priced accordingly. The
escalation in price has continued, so that in 2010 an Early Cycladic sculpture
lacking any secure provenance or proof of authenticity was sold for 16.8 million
dollars at auction in New York 10.

Excavations in the Early Cycladic settlements have been rather few, and in
general have not yielded many well preserved Early Cycladic sculptures. Those
that have been unearthed during systematic excavations have recently been
surveyed 11 in a publication, Early Cycladic Sculpture in Context, which does lay
appropriate emphasis on the circumstances and associations of discovery. The
sanctuary at Kavos on Keros has indeed yielded numerous fragmentary Cycladic
sculptures from the two special deposits there 12, but sadly the richer of these
was extensively looted before systematic excavation was undertaken 13. Only one
intact large figurine (58.3 cm in height) was uncovered in authorised excavation
on Keros, from near the so-called Special Deposit North 14.

In this short paper it is our purpose to draw attention again the loss to
knowledge which this situation represents and to emphasise the need for strict
adherence to the principles of the 1970 UNESCO Convention. If museums and
private collectors would refrain from acquiring any Early Cycladic material which
has come to light since 1970, the year of the UNESCO Convention, ongoing
looting might be diminished.

THE VALUE OF CONTEXT

Context is paramount. It is only when scientifically conducted excavations

recover archaeological materials in their stratigraphic context that valid
inferences can be made about the circumstances in which they were buried,
about their chronology and about their function. In a trenchant article Gill and
Chippindale 15 argued persuasively that any Cycladic materials deriving from
illicit (and unpublished) excavations could safely be disregarded since their

118
authenticity could not be guaranteed. There is much logic in this view, but it may
go too far in excluding from consideration discoveries made in the early years of
the nineteenth century, before the modernist movement created a new aesthetic
which produced a demand for antiquities resulting in the production of forgeries.

It is a melancholy fact that no complete Cycladic sculptures more than 60 cm

in height have yet been recovered in authorised excavations, although several
without any secure find context are known. But the very large sculpture, 1.53
metres in height, in the National Archaeological Museum in Athens16 and said
to be from Amorgos has been known and documented since the 1880s17. It is
unlikely to be a forgery or fake, since at the time of its discovery no such large
sculptures had ever been discovered. There was no prototype for a faker or forger
to use. Yet large sculptures are now well-documented by several fragmentary
examples from the Special Deposits North and South at Kavos on Keros18. On
these and related grounds the authenticity of this monumental piece can be
accepted. Similar arguments apply to the marble harpist and flautist, reportedly
from Keros, now in the National Archaeological Museum19 which have been known
and documented since their publication by Köhler20. Marble bases of comparable
form (but lacking the entire standing figure which they originally supported) have
again been documented from the Special Deposit North on Keros21. On this and
other grounds the authenticity of the two Keros musicians can be accepted. On
the other hand many Cycladic sculptures which have more recently come to light,
including for instance the marble harpist in the Metropolitan Museum of Art (inv.
no. 47.100.1)22, seem of doubtful authenticity23. It has been argued24 that all Early
Cycladic sculptures of unknown origin, and therefore lacking secure context, which
have emerged on the market after the year 1914, should be regarded as of doubtful
authenticity. It can be argued that those which were known and published before
that year may generally be taken as genuine, on the grounds that the faking of
Early Cycladic antiquities (i.e. their replication with the intent to deceive) probably
did not begin much before that date.

The situation is a very difficult one. To dismiss entirely all archaeologically-

undocumented Cycladic sculptures which have emerged on the market or in
private collections since the year 1914 may seem a rather rigorous and inflexible
position. On the other hand there is no secure way by which the authenticity of
such unprovenanced pieces can be demonstrated or guaranteed.

CHANGING ETHICAL VALUES: RECURRING PROBLEMS

It is clear that Early Cycladic sculptures were regarded as collectible curiosities

already before the nineteenth century, since the British Museum has examples
collected before that time 25. But it was not until the later years of the nineteenth
century Cycladic tombs were excavated by J. Theodore Bent on Antiparos 26 and
Ferdinand Dümmler on Amorgos 27. As noted above the systematic excavations
of Tsountas in the 1890s established a new standard of excellence 28. Tsountas,
a leading figure in the Greek Archaeological Service, criticized the opening of
graves by Bent in Antiparos 29.

Although there are a few pieces which today seem dubious that entered museum
collections before 1914 30 it seems likely that these sculptures were not extensively
forged or faked prior to 1914. It is now clear that the most extensive looting took
place in the Cyclades in the 1950s and 1960s, and that, despite the good efforts

119
 of the Greek Archaeological Service and, some looting probably continues today,
although on limited scale. And certainly fakes and forgeries continue to be
produced (see below on the case of the so-called "Stafford Master").

The most graphic demonstration of the scale of recent looting and the flagrant
display of illicit sculptures came with the now notorious Kunst der Kykladen
exhibition in the Badisches Landesmuseum in Karlsruhe, curated by Jürgen
Thimme 31. Along with some well-known Early Cycladic sculptures loaned by
recognised museums (such as the British Museum, the Dresden Museum, the
Ashmolean Museum, and the Fitzwilliam Museum) were numerous pieces which
had never previously been displayed. Clearly, if authentic, they had left Greece
illegally and in recent years. The exhibition catalogue, handsomely produced,
also created a questionable impression by including advertisements by a number
of antiquities dealers. It was in this exhibition that a number of pieces, allegedly
from Keros and in the Erlenmeyer Collection, were first exhibited. In retrospect
the Greek Government would have done well at that time to protest at the public
display of so much material that had clearly been illegally exported from Greece.
For when the Greek Embassy tried to prevent the auction of the Erlenmeyer
Collection by Sotheby’s in London in 1990 by seeking an injunction in the High
Court, the injunction was not granted, on the grounds that the material had
previously been publicly exhibited (in Karlsruhe), without official protest.

This was perhaps the most public demonstration, and indeed affirmation, of the
looting which had taken place in the Cycladic islands over the previous two or
three decades. But at least the public conscience was by now being stirred. For
it was in Paris in the year 1970 that the UNESCO Convention on the Means of
Prohibiting and Preventing the Illicit Import, Export and Transfer of Ownership
of Cultural Property was adopted. Although it was not ratified at once by all the
participating nations, it has now been very widely ratified and accepted and
establishes a number of fundamental principles. In the year 1998 the Trustees
of the British Museum resolved that henceforth the Museum’s policy would
be to "refuse to acquire objects which have been illegally excavated and/or
exported from their countries of origin", and many of the world’s major museums
have likewise agreed to follow the principles of the 1970 UNESCO Convention,
including the J. Paul Getty Museum of Malibu, which previously had no defined
ethical acquisition policy. It is of special importance that the Badisches
Landesmuseum in Karlsruhe also recently agreed to follow the principles of the
1970 UNESCO Convention after the refusal of all departments of the Hellenic
Ministry of Culture (the Ephorate for the Cyclades, the National Archaeological
Museum at Athens, the Directorate of Museums and the General Directorate
of Antiquities) to participate in the exhibition Kykladen: Lebenswelten einer
Frügriechischen Kultur organized by this Museum in 2011 32. Indeed, the
Landesmuseum, following a formal request from the Hellenic Ministry of Culture,
returned to Greece two Cycladic antiquities, which if they had a secure context
would have been particularly important, a chlorite frying pan with relief spiral
decoration 33 and a large marble figurine, 88 cm high 34, both of which had been
purchased after 1970.

The world’s major museums, guided by the International Council of Museums

(ICOM), have now gradually adopted ethical acquisition policies 35, but some still
do not enforce them with rigour. For example some museums will still accept as
gifts or bequests antiquities which they would no longer feel able to purchase.

120
But sadly these new ethical standards have not yet been very widely followed
by collectors. Nor indeed by dealers in antiquities, despite the adoption by
dealers in some countries of ethical codes of practice. The high prices currently
commanded at auction in the world’s leading auction houses for Early Cycladic
antiquities which lack provenance before 1970, and must therefore be regarded
as illicit, is a depressing indicator of this.

THE LOSS TO KNOWLEDGE: SOME EXAMPLES

It seems a tragic circumstance that although several almost life-sized Early

Cycladic sculptures exist, including two particularly notable heads, none of these
comes from a documented excavation context which could give a clear and valid
insight into the original contexts of their use. It is only recently, in the officially
authorised excavations in the Special Deposits North and South on Keros 36 that
pieces of undoubted authenticity, originally more than 70 cm in height, have
come to light. But these, like the other finds from the special deposits at Kavos
on Keros, were fragments, having been deliberately broken before burial. It is
clear that while the special deposits on Keros were their final destination; this
was not the context where these sculptures were first used.

The largest known Early Cycladic figure, 1.53 metres in height, now in the
National Museum in Athens (inv. no. 3978) 37, while allegedly from Amorgos, was
purchased by the Archaeological Society at Athens from the Athenian dealer
Ioannis Palaeologos in the 1880s 38. As noted above, its early date of acquisition
makes its authenticity secure, but its context of discovery is not known, and
even the island of its discovery is not certain. All the other known and complete
folded-arm figures over 70 cm in height are entirely without provenance. For
instance the very large figure in the N.P. Goulandris Museum (cat. no. 190) 39 is
1.4 metres in height, but was acquired only in the 1980s, and so cannot be taken
into consideration here.

The position is similar with the monumental heads. The notably large head,
allegedly from Keros, now in the Musée du Louvre 40 was a nineteenth century
donation, and its authenticity may be regarded as secure, but nothing is known
of its context of discovery. The same criticism applies to the large head, 29 cm
in height, in the National Museum in Athens (NAM 3909) 41, again purchased from
the dealer Ioannis Palaiologos 42. There is no documented record of any of these
very large figures being found in an Early Cycladic grave. Their occurrence in the
special deposits at Kavos on Keros 43 testifies to their ritual use, but the detailed
circumstances of their original use are frustratingly unclear.

A further example of the difficulties surrounding the reliable study and

understanding of these sculptures is offered by their detailed stylistic study.
Pat Getz-Preziosi (also writing as Getz-Gentle) has offered series of perceptive
analyses, in which the Early Cycladic folded-arm figurines of the various
recognised varieties 44 are further assigned to individual sculptors, although
some critics would prefer to see these groups of sculptures as the product of
different workshops rather than of individual sculptors. In her book Personal
Styles in Early Cycladic Sculpture 45 she offers twenty checklists of individual
sculptors whom she has identified. Getz-Gentle herself 46 recounts the problems
she experienced with the sculptor formerly termed by her "the Stafford Master"
(the name Stafford being that of the owner of the example chosen as the name

121
 piece). But, as she describes, she concluded that this piece as well as three
others, which she came to regard as forgeries, was a twentieth-century creation.
So the sculptor in question was re-named "the Louvre Sculptor" after a sculpture
in the Louvre which had been acquired in 1913. (The Stafford example was first
published in 1954).

The similarities which Getz-Gentle has recognised among the pieces assigned to
her named "master" or "sculptors" are often striking. And indeed in general her
stylistic comparisons are very persuasive. But if one excludes, on the grounds
of uncertain authenticity, all those pieces (if not from authorised and published
excavations) which have emerged since the year 1914 (as recommended above),
then the lists are seriously reduced. Some are left with two or three members
known before 1914, others disappear completely (such as that for the Karlsruhe-
Woodner sculptor, the Rodgers sculptor or the Bastis sculptor), lacking a single
example which derives either from an authorised excavation or which was
published prior to 1914. The comparison is a shocking testimony to the scale of
the looting which the archaeological record has experienced, even if a significant
proportion of these pieces are modern fakes. Clearly not all of them are fakes –
although it is difficult to know which are and which are not. But the application
of the "pre-1914" criterion makes very questionable some aspects of Getz-Gentle’s
admirably systematic division into the products of individual sculptors or
workshops.

THE SITUATION NOW

The current situation in Cycladic studies is not a happy one. One might
have hoped that in the light of the apparent reform in museum ethics, this
perspective would be communicated to private collectors, and that demand
for unprovenanced Early Cycladic sculpture on the open market would recede.
However such is not the case. Auction houses widely considered respectable
continue to offer for sale Cycladic antiquities which certainly have no collecting
history extending back as far as 1970. The implication must certainly be that
these are illicit antiquities, illegally excavated. But the attempt by the Greek
Government to prevent the sale by Sotheby’s in London in 1990 of Cycladic
sculptures from the Erlenmeyer Collection was unsuccessful. The collection was
dispersed, and the N.P Goulandris Museum of Cycladic Art managed to purchase
a significant proportion from the auction, as Sotirakopoulou 47 (2005) has
documented. At a sale in New York by Christie’s a marble Cycladic figure without
any provenance before the year 1965 (and thus, inescapably – if authentic –
derived form an illicit excavation) was sold for $16,882,500 48.

Last year Laetitia Delaloye, Head of Sale in the Antiquities department of

Christie’s in London could write:

My highlight of the year was a Cycladic marble female figure, which came
from a distinguished French private collection formed by Henri Paricaud, a
Chevalier de l’Ordre National du Merite. With his wife Photinie, who was
of Greek descent, Paricaud used to travel around the Mediterranean and the
couple’s love for ancient civilisations inspired their acquisitions.

122
 This female figure, with her lyre-shaped head and rounding hips, was
originally to be shown reclining. It dates from between 2700-2600 BC and
encompasses the most iconic sculptural types to have survived from
antiquity. They were found in the context of burial sites and probably had
a votive or ritualistic role, but to this day it is still not clear what their original
function was, and I find this aura of mystery captivating 49.

This figure, 17.5 cm high, was sold on 15th April 2015 by Christie’s in London for
£194,000. But the catalogue entry could not document its existence prior to the
year 1984. So despite the supposedly distinguished status of its former owner it
must have almost certainly have been an illicit antiquity, looted from Greece in
the years after the Second World War.

When the public sale of illicit antiquities continues in supposedly reputable

auction houses in London and New York it is clear that the battle against looting
is not yet won. The financial incentives for looters remain high. They are not
diminishing.

1
Doumas 1991, 25-30; Doumas 1996; Sherratt 2000, 4-7; 29
Τσούντας 1898, 140.
Marthari 2001, 164-165. 30
Sherratt 2000.
2
Etienne - Etienne 1990, 65-67. 31
Thimme 1976.
3
Marthari 2005, 137-139. 32
Hattler 2011.
4
Marthari 2001, 163. 33
Thimme 1976, no. 364.
5
Τσούντας 1898; Τσούντας 1899. 34
Thimme 1976, no. 151.
6
Παπαθανασόπουλος 1961/62. 35
Renfrew 2000.
7
Doumas 1977a. 36
Renfrew - Boyd 2017, 379-394; Sotirakopoulou et al.
8
Sachini 1984. 2017, 345-368.
9
Zervos 1934. 37
Zervos 1957, pl. 297.
10
Bernheimer 2010. 38
Galanakis 2013, 117.
11
Marthari et al. 2017. 39
Renfrew 1991, pl. 103.
12
Renfrew et al. (in press); Renfrew - Boyd 2017, 379- 40
Zervos 1957, 135, pl. 161.
394; Sotirakopoulou et al. 2017, 345-368. 41
Wolters 1891; Zervos 1957, 147, pls. 177-178.
13
Sotirakopoulou 2005. 42
Galanakis 2013, 117.
14
Zapheiropoulou 2017, 336-344. 43
Sotirakopoulou et al. 2017, 345-368.
15
Gill - Chippindale 1993, 601-659. 44
Renfrew 1969.
16
Zervos 1957, pl. 297. 45
Getz-Gentle 2001.
17
Galanakis 2013, 181-206. 46
Getz-Gentle 2001, 104-105.
18
Sotirakopoulou et al. 2017, 345-368; Renfrew - Boyd 47
Sotirakopoulou 2005.
2017, 379-394. 48
Christies 2010: A Cycladic Marble Reclining Female
19
Zervos 1957, pls. 302, 333-334. Figure, http://www.christies.com/lotfinder/Lot/a-
20
Köhler 1884, 156-159. cycladic-marble-reclining-female-figure-name-piece-
21
Zapheiropoulou 1968, 98, fig. 4. 5385394-details.aspx [accessed 15 November 2016].
22
Richter 1953, 14-15. 49
Christies 2015: ‘My highlight of 2015’ — a Cycladic
23
Craxton - Warren 2004, 109-114. marble female figure, http://www.christies.com/
24
Renfrew 2017. features/a-Cycladic-marble-female-figure-my-
25
See above n. 23 and Pryce 1928. highlight-of-2015-6949-1.aspx [accessed 15 November
26
Bent 1884, 42-59. 2016].
27
Dümmler 1886, 15-46.
28
Τσούντας 1898, 137-212; Τσούντας 1899, 73-134.

123
 ABBREVIATIONS

EBA Early Bronze Age

EC Early Cycladic
LN Late Neolithic
BD. Base Diametre
cm centimetres
D. Diametre
H. Height
L. Length
M. Maximum
mm millimetres
RD. Rim Diametre
Th. Thickness
W. Width
BC Before Christ
ca. circa
cat. no. catalogue number
cf. Confer
e.g. exempli gratia
et al. et alii
etc. et cetera
fig. figure
i.e. id est
inv. no. inventory number
pl. plate
s.v. sub voce/sub verbe
vol. volume

224
AAA Αρχαιολογικά Ανάλεκτα εξ Αθηνών
Άγκυρα Άγκυρα : Δελτίο της Καϊρείου Βιβλιοθήκης
ΑΕ Αρχαιολογική Εφημερίς
ΑΕΜΘ Το Αρχαιολογικό Έργο στη Μακεδονία και Θράκη
ΑΔ Αρχαιολογικό Δελτίο
Αργοναύτης Α. Βλαχόπουλος and Κ. Μπίρταχα (eds), Αργοναύτης. Τιμητικός τόμος
για τον Καθηγητή Χρίστο Γ. Ντούμα, Αθήνα 2003
ΕΕΚΜ Επετηρίς της Εταιρείας Κυκλαδικών Μελετών
Μαρκιανή Αμοργού L. Marangou, C. Doumas, C. Renfrew and G. Gavalas (eds), Μαρκιανή
Αμοργού. Markiani, Amorgos. An Early Bronze Age Fortified settlement.
Overview of the 1985-1991 Investigations, BSA, Suppl. vol. no. 40,
Oxford and Northampton 2006
ΠΑΕ Πρακτικά της εν Αθήναις Αρχαιολογικής Εταιρείας
Πολιόχνη C. G. Doumas and V. La Rosa (eds), Η Πολιόχνη και η Πρώιμη Εποχή του
Χαλκού στο Βόρειο Αιγαίο. Διεθνές Συνέδριο Αθήνα, 22 - 25 Απριλίου
1996, Αθήνα 1997

AA Archäologischer Anzeiger
Aegaeum Annales d’archéologie égéenne de l’Université de Liège
AJA American Journal of Archaeology
ΑΜ Mitteilungen des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts:
Athenische Abteilung
AnatSt Anatolian Studies
BCH Bulletin de correspondance hellénique
BOREAS BOREAS. Münstersche Beiträge zur Archäologie
BSPF Bulletin de la Société préhistorique française
BSA The Annual of the British School at Athens
CCS VI G. Cadogan (ed.), The End of the Early Bronze Age in the Aegean,
Cincinnati Classical Studies, New Series VI, Leiden 1986
JdI Jahrbuch des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts
JHS Journal of Hellenic Studies
JMAA Journal of Mediterranean Anthropology and Archaeology
Hesperia Hesperia. Journal of the American School of Classical Studies at Athens
«Horizon-Ορίζων» N. Brodie, J. Doole, G. Gavalas and C. Renfrew (eds), «Horizon-Ορίζων».
Α Colloquium on the Prehistory of the Cyclades, McDonald Institute
Monographs, The McDonald Institute or Archaeological Research,
University of Cambridge 2008
ΜΜJ Metropolitan Museum Journal
PC J. A. MacGillivray and R. L. N. Barber (eds), The Prehistoric Cyclades.
Contributions to a Workshop on Cycladic Chronology, Edinburg 1984
Problems E. B. French and K. A. Wardle (eds), Problems in Greek Prehistory.
Papers presented at the Centenary Conference of the British School of
Archaeology at Athens, Manchester, April 1986, Bristol 1988
SIMA Studies in Mediterranean Archaeology
UPA Universitätsforschungen zur prähistorischen Archäologie

225
 BIBLIOGRAPHY
Αγγελοπούλου 2003:
Αγγελοπούλου 2007:
Αγγελοπούλου 2010:
Αγγελοπούλου 2014:
Αθανασάκη 2014:
Ατακτίδης 1988:
Βαρούχα 1925/6:
Βασιλικού 2006:
Bλαχόπουλος – Ματθαίου 2013:
Γκαλανάκη 2006:
Ζαφειροπούλου 1967:
Ζαφειροπούλου 1970a:
Ζαφειροπούλου 1970b:
Ζαφειροπούλου 1980:
Ζαφειροπούλου 2006:
Θεοχάρη – Παρλαμά 1997:
Θεοχάρης 1973:
Κακαβογιάννη 2005:
Κακαβογιάννη et al. 2006:
Καλτσάς 2007:
228
Αγγελοπούλου Α., «Η «ομάδα Καστριού» και το Κορφάρι των
Αμυγδαλιών (Πάνορμος) Νάξου», in Αργοναύτης, 159-190.
Αγγελοπούλου Α., «Κορφάρι των Αμυγδαλιών (Πάνορμος)
Νάξου. Μία οχυρωμένη Πρωτοκυκλαδική ακρόπολη», in
Προμπονάς Ι., Ψαρράς Σ. (eds), Η Νάξος δια μέσου των
αιώνων. Πρακτικά του Γ΄ Πανελλήνιου Συνεδρίου (Κόρωνος 4-7
Σεπτεμβρίου 2003), Αθήνα 2007, 101-126.
Αγγελοπούλου Α., «Το Κορφάρι των Αμυγδαλιών (Πάνορμος)
Νάξου και η σημασία του για την εξέλιξη του Κυκλαδικού
Πολιτισμού την Τρίτη Χιλιετία π. Χ.», Ναξιακά, Τεύχος 36 (74)-Β’
Περίοδος, Μάρτιος-Μάϊος 2010, 13-29.
Αγγελοπούλου Α., Κορφάρι των Αμυγδαλιών (Πάνορμος) Νάξου.
Μία οχυρωμένη Πρωτοκυκλαδική ακρόπολη., ΤΑΠΑ, ΥΠΠΟΑ,
Αθήνα 2014.
Αθανασάκη Κ., «Γωνιές Μαλεβιζίου: Το πολιτισμικό τοπίο και οι
διαδρομές του οφίτη στην εποχή του Χαλκού.», Κρητικά Χρονικά
ΛΔ´ (2014), 219-229.
Ατακτίδης Κ. Α., «Οι βράχοι της Καβάλας μαρτυρούν το χαμένο
πολιτισμό της», Αρχαιολογία 26 (1988), 16-24.
Βαρούχα Ε. Α., «Κυκλαδικοί τάφοι Πάρου», ΑΕ 1925/6, 98-114.
Βασιλικού Ν., Οι Ανασκαφές της Αρχαιολογικής Εταιρείας στις
Κυκλάδες 1872-1910, Βιβλιοθήκη της Εν Αθήναις Αρχαιολογικής
Εταιρείας no. 242, Αθήνα 2006.
Βλαχόπουλος Α., Ματθαίου Α., «Νεώτερα Αρχαιολογικά
Αστυπάλαιας», ΗΟΡΟΣ 22-25 (2010-2013), 375-386.
Γκαλανάκη Κ., «Πρωτομινωικό ταφικό σύνολο στην πρώην
αμερικανική βάση Γουρνών Πεδιάδος», in Πεπραγμένα Θ’
Διεθνούς Κρητολογικού Συνεδρίου, Ελούντα 1-6 Οκτωβρίου
2001, Ηράκλειο 2006, 227-241.
Ζαφειροπούλου Φ., «Κυκλάδες: νήσοι Αμοργού: Ηρακλειά,
Σχοινούσα, Κέρος, Κουφονήσια, Δονούσα», ΑΔ 22, Β2: Χρονικά
(1967), 465-476.
Ζαφειροπούλου Φ., «Πρωτοκυκλαδικά ευρήματα εξ Άνω
Κουφονησίου», ΑΑΑ 3, Αρχαιολογικά Χρονικά (1970), 48-51.
Ζαφειροπούλου Φ., «Αρχαιότητες και μνημεία Κυκλάδων:
Κουφονήσι», ΑΔ 25, Β2: Χρονικά (1970), 428-430.
Ζαφειροπούλου Φ., «Πρωτοκυκλαδικά ειδώλια της Νάξου», in
Στήλη. Τόμος εις μνήμην Νικολάου Κοντολέοντος, Σωματείο των
Φίλων Νικολάου Κοντολέοντος, Αθήνα 1980, 532-540.
Ζαφειροπούλου Φ., «Ταξιδεύοντας στον χρόνο. Χερσαίοι και
θαλάσσιοι δρόμοι στο πρώιμο Αιγαίο», in Σταμπολίδης
Ν. Χρ. (ed.), Γενέθλιον,΄Ιδρυμα Ν. Π. Γουλανδρή - Μουσείο
Κυκλαδικής Τέχνης, Αθήνα 2006, 63-72
Θεοχάρη Μ. Δ., Παρλαμά Λ., «Παλαμάρι Σκύρου: η οχυρωμένη
πόλη της Πρώιμης Χαλκοκρατίας», in Πολιόχνη, 344-356.
Θεοχάρης Δ. Ρ., Η Νεολιθική Ελλάς, Εθνική Τράπεζα της
Ελλάδος, Αθήνα 1973.
Κακαβογιάννη Ο., «Εργαστήριο μεταλλουργίας αργύρου
της Πρωτοελλαδικής Ι εποχής στα Λαμπρικά Κορωπίου»,
Αρχαιολογία 94 (2005), 45-48.
Κακαβογιάννη Ο., Ντούνη Κ., Νέζερη Φ., Γεωργακοπούλου Μ.
and Μπασιάκος Γ., «Απόπειρα τεχνολογικής προσέγγισης της
παραγωγής αργύρου και μολύβδου κατά την Τελική Νεολιθική
και Πρωτοελλαδική Ι περίοδο στα Μεσόγεια», in Πρακτικά 2ου
Διεθνούς Συνεδρίου Αρχαίας Ελληνικής Τεχνολογίας, Αθήνα
2006, 77-83.
Καλτσάς Ν., Το Εθνικό Αρχαιολογικό Μουσείο. Κοινωφελές
Ίδρυμα Ιωάννη Σ. Λάτση, Αθήνα 2007.
Κανάκης 2010: Κανάκης Χρ., «Οι επίκρουστες σπείρες της Ηρακλειάς»,
Αρχαιολογία 114 (2010), 76-82.
Καραλή 1996: Καραλή Λ., «Κοσμήματα. Οστρέινα-Οστέινα-Λίθινα», in
Παπαθανασόπουλος Γ. Α. (ed.), Νεολιθικός Πολιτισμός στην
Ελλάδα, Ίδρυμα Ν.Π. Γουλανδρή - Μουσείο Κυκλαδικής Τέχνης,
Αθήνα 1996, 165-166.
Κοντολέων 1949: Κοντολέων Ν. M., «Ανασκαφή Εν Νάξω», ΠΑΕ 1949, 112-122.
Κοντολέων 1970: Κοντολέων Ν. Μ., «Ανασκαφαί Νάξου», ΠΑΕ 1970, 146-155.
Koντολέων 1972: Koντολέων Ν. Μ., «Ανασκαφαί Νάξου», ΠΑΕ 1972, 145-155.
Κουράγιος 2001: Κουράγιος Γ., «Πρωτοκυκλαδικά ευρήματα από την θέση
Μαραπάς Πάρου», Περίαπτο 3 (2001), 45-55.
Κουράγιος 2009: Κουράγιος Γ., «Πρωτοκυκλαδικά ευρήματα στη θέση Μαραπάς
Πάρου», Παριανά 114 (2009), 331-347.
Κουράγιος – Δετοράτου: Κουράγιος Γ., Δετοράτου Σ., «Μια νέα πρωτοκυκλαδική θέση στη
θέση Μαραπάς», ΑΔ Μελέτες(forthcoming), vol. 67-68, 2012-
2013.
Κουτελάκης 2005: Κουτελάκης Χ., «Προϊστορικά πλοία. Μια νέα πρόταση για τα
ακροστόλια στα πλοία των προϊστορικών Κυκλάδων», Corpus 72
(2005), 57-63.
Κυπαρίσση-Αποστολίκα 2001: Κυπαρίσση-Αποστολίκα Ν., Τα Προϊστορικά Κοσμήματα της
Θεσσαλίας, Αθήνα 2001.
Λαμπρινουδάκης 1976: Λαμπρινουδάκης Β., «Ανασκαφή Νάξου», ΠΑΕ 1976, 295-308.
Λεγάκη 2006: Λεγάκη Ειρ., «ΚΑ΄ ΕΠΚΑ. Ηρακλειά- Εντοπισμοί αρχαιοτήτων.
Κατοχές», ΑΔ, Χρονικά (2006), 1095-1096.
Λεγάκη 2007: Λεγάκη Ειρ., «ΚΑ΄ ΕΠΚΑ. Ηρακλειά. Παραδόσεις», ΑΔ 62
(2007), 1154.
Λεγάκη 2010: Λεγάκη Ειρ., «ΚΑ΄ ΕΠΚΑ. Κυκλάδες: Νάξος. Μικρές Κυκλάδες»,
ΑΔ, Χρονικά (in press).
Μαλαμίδου – Παπαδόπουλος Μαλαμίδου Δ., Παπαδόπουλος Σ., «Προϊστορικός Οικισμός
1999: Λιμεναρίων: Η Πρώιμη Εποχή του Χαλκού», ΑΕΜΘ 11 (1997),
Θεσσαλονίκη 1999, 585-596.
Μαραγκού 1999: Μαραγκού Λ., «Μαρμάρινο Κυκλαδικό Αγαλμάτιο Μουσικού από
την Αμοργό», in Σταμπολίδης 1999, 20-29.
Μαραγκού 2000: Μαραγκού Λ. , Το Ίδρυμα Ν.Π. Γουλανδρή, Μουσείο Κυκλαδικής
Τέχνης. Πεπραγμένα 1991-1999, Ίδρυμα Ν.Π. Γουλανδρή -
Μουσείο Κυκλαδικής Τέχνης, Αθήνα 2000.
Μαραγκού 2002: Μαραγκού Λ. Ι., Αμοργός Ι - Η Μινώα. Η πόλις, ο λιμήν και
η μείζων περιφέρεια, Αθήνα: Βιβλιοθήκη της εν Αθήναις
Αρχαιολογικής Εταιρείας no. 228, 2002.
Μαρθάρη 1990: Μαρθάρη Μ., «Σκάρκος: ένας πρωτοκυκλαδικός οικισμός στην
Ίο», in Ίδρυμα Ν.Π. Γουλανδρή - Μουσείο Κυκλαδικής Τέχνης.
Διαλέξεις 1986-1989, Ίδρυμα Ν.Π. Γουλανδρή - Μουσείο
Κυκλαδικής Τέχνης, Αθήνα 1990, 97-100.
Μαρθάρη 1997: Μαρθάρη Μ., «Από τον Σκάρκο στην Πολιόχνη: Παρατηρήσεις
για την κοινωνικο-οικονομική ανάπτυξη των οικισμών της
Πρώιμης Εποχής του Χαλκού στις Κυκλάδες και τα νησιά του
βορειοανατολικού Αιγαίου», in Πολιόχνη, 362-382.
Μαρθάρη 1998: Μαρθάρη Μ., Σύρος. Χαλανδριανή-Καστρί. Από την έρευνα
και την προστασία στην ανάδειξη του Αρχαιολογικού Χώρου,
Υπουργείο Αιγαίου, Αθήνα 1998.
Μαρθάρη 1999: Μαρθάρη Μ., «Τρία κυκλαδικά ειδώλια στο Μουσείο της Σύρου»,
in Σταμπολίδης 1999, 30-43.
Μαρθάρη 2002: Μαρθάρη Μ., «Ο Χρήστος Τσούντας και η Σύρος: Από την
ανασκαφή στη Χαλανδριανή έως την έκθεση των ευρημάτων
στην Ερμούπολη.», in Μαρθάρη Μ. (ed.), 1898-1998, Εκατό
Χρόνια από τις Έρευνες του Χρήστου Ντούμα στη Σύρο,
Διαλέξεις στο Πνευματικό Κέντρο Ερμούπολης, 31 Οκτωβρίου
1998, ΥΠ.ΠΟ., ΚΑ΄ Εφορεία Προϊστορικών και Κλασικών
Αρχαιοτήτων και Υπουργείο Αιγαίου, Αθήνα 2002, 101-144.

229
 Μαρθάρη 2008a: Μαρθάρη Μ., «Ανασκαφικές Εργασίες, Σύρος, Νεκροταφείο
Χαλανδριανής», ΑΔ 63, Χρονικά Β΄ 2 (2008), 1095-1097.
Μαρθάρη 2008b: Μαρθάρη Μ., «Ανασκαφή στο Καστρί Χαλανδριανής Σύρου»,
ΠΑΕ (2006), 111-119.
Μαστροθεόδωρος – Μαστροθεόδωρος Γ., Μπασιάκος Ι., «Αναλυτικές και τεχνολογικές
Μπασιάκος 2014: μελέτες χάλκινων αντικειμένων από την ακρόπολη στο Κορφάρι
των Αμυγδαλιών (Πάνορμος) Νάξου» in Αγγελοπούλου Α., Μία
οχυρωμένη Πρωτοκυκλαδική ακρόπολη, Ταμείο Αρχαιολογικών
Χώρων και Απαλλοτριώσεων, ΥΠΠΟΑ, Αθήνα 2014, 458-473.
Μιχαηλίδης 1982: Μιχαηλίδης Σ., Εγκυκλοπαίδεια της Αρχαίας Ελληνικής Μουσικής,
Μορφωτικό Ίδρυμα της Εθνικής Τραπέζης, Αθήνα 1982.
Μουτσόπουλος 1965: Μουτσόπουλος Ν. Κ., «Νεολιθικό ακιδογράφημα στις όχθες
της Χειματίτιδας Λίμνης και το δίδυμο μενχίρ του Πελεκάνου»,
Αρχαιολογία 56 (1965), 39-45.
Μουτσόπουλος 1969: Μουτσόπουλος Ν. Κ., Τα ακιδογραφήματα του Παγγαίου,
Αθήνα 1969.
Μπαρδάνης 1963a: Μπαρδάνης Μ., «Οι σπηλιές της Νάξου. Περιοχή Παληάς
Γκαιριάς. Περιοχή Λυαριδιών. Περιοχή Βλαχάκη. Περιοχή
Λευκόνι», Ναξιακόν Μέλλον, φύλλο αρ. 246, 1 (1963).
Μπαρδάνης 1963b: Μπαρδάνης Μ., «Οι σπηλιές της Νάξου. Περιοχή Πανέρμου»,
Ναξιακόν Μέλλον, φύλλο Σεπτεμβρίου, 2 (1963).
Μπαρδάνης 1966/67: Μπαρδάνης Μ., «Στοιχεία από τις αστρονομικές γνώσεις των
Προϊστορικών Κυκλαδιτών», Δελτίον της Βιβλιοθήκης του Ν.
Γλέζου, volume Β΄ (1966/67), 71-80.
Μπαρδάνης 1969: Μπαρδάνης Μ., «Προϊστορικός χάρτης του έναστρου ουρανού σε
βράχους της Νάξου», Ναξιακόν Μέλλον, Οκτώβριος 1969, 2.
Μπαρδάνης 1971: Μπαρδάνης Μ., «Λαϊκή παράδοση και επιστημονική έρευνα. Ο
μύθος του ασκητή και τα απολιθώματα του Πανέρμου», Ναξιακόν
Μέλλον, Μάρτιος 1971, 2.
Μπασιάκος et al. 2013: Μπασιάκος Γ., Γεωργακοπούλου Μ. and Wagner G., «Οι νέες
Αρχαιομεταλλουργικές μελέτες στη Σίφνο», in Πρακτικά Δ΄
Διεθνούς Σιφναϊκού Συμποσίου, Σίφνος 25 – 26 Ιουνίου 2010,
Αθήνα 2013, 45-64.
Μπίρταχα 2003: Μπίρταχα Κ., «Χρώματα και χρωματισμός κατά την Πρώιμη
Εποχή του Χαλκού στις Κυκλάδες», in Αργοναύτης, 263-276.
Ντούμας 1961/62: Ντούμας Χ., «Ανασκαφαί εν Νάξω: 1. Άγιοι Ανάργυροι 2.
Λάκκουδες», ΑΔ 17, Β: Χρονικά (1961/62), 272-274.
Ντούμας 1963: Ντούμας Χρ., «Κυκλάδες: Νάξος: Κορφή τ’ Αρωνιού», ΑΔ 18, Β2:
Χρονικά (1963), 276-278.
Ντούμας 1965: Ντούμας Χρ., «Κορφή τ΄ Άρωνιου ~. Μικρὰ ανασκαφικὴ έ’ ρευνα
έν Νάξω˛ », ΑΔ 20, Μελέται (1965), 41-64.
Ντούμας 1967: Ντούμας Χρ., «Κυκλάδες : Κέρος, Νάξος», ΑΔ 19, Β3: Χρονικά
(1964), 409-412.
Ντούμας 1984: Ντούμας Χρ., Κυκλαδική Τέχνη. Συλλογή Ν.Π. Γουλανδρή, Ίδρυμα
Ν.Π. Γουλανδρή - Μουσείο Κυκλαδικής Τέχνης, Αθήνα 1984.
Ντούμας 1993: Ντούμας Χρ., «Το Πρωτοκυκλαδικό Τηγανόσχημο Σκευ̃ος.
Σκέψεις γιὰ μιὰ πιθανὴ χρήση του», ΕΕΚΜ 14 (1993), 299-318.
Ντούμας 1994: Ντούμας Χρ., «Κυκλαδική Τέχνη», in Ελληνική Τέχνη. Η Αυγή της
Ελληνικής Τέχνης, Εκδοτική Αθηνών, Αθήνα 1994, 31-129.
Ντούμας 1999: Ντούμας Χρ., «Ανασκαφή Ακρωτηρίου Θήρας», ΠΑΕ 1999,
154-202.
Ντούμας 2000: Ντούμας Χρ., Πρωτοκυκλαδικός Πολιτισμός. Συλλογή Ν.Π.
Γουλανδρή, Ίδρυμα Ν.Π. Γουλανδρή - Μουσείο Κυκλαδικής
Τέχνης, Αθήνα 2000.
Ντούμας 2002: Ντούμας Χρ., «Ο Χρήστος Τσούντας και η προϊστορική
αρχαιολογία.», in Μαρθάρη Μ. (ed.), 1898-1998, Εκατό Χρόνια
από τις Έρευνες του Χρήστου Ντούμα στη Σύρο, Διαλέξεις στο
Πνευματικό Κέντρο Ερμούπολης, 31 Οκτωβρίου 1998, ΥΠ.ΠΟ.,
ΚΑ΄ Εφορεία Προϊστορικών και Κλασικών Αρχαιοτήτων 2002,
11-25.
Παντελίδου-Γκόφα 2005: Παντελίδου-Γκόφα Μ., Τσέπι Μαραθώνος: Το Πρωτοελλαδικό
Νεκροταφείο, Βιβλιοθήκη της Εν Αθήναις Αρχαιολογικής
Εταιρείας no. 235, Αθήνα 2005.
Πάντου 2006: Πάντου Π., «Σέριφος. Πλακάλωνα», ΑΔ 61, Χρονικά (2006),
1097-1099.

230
Πάντου 2007: Πάντου Π., «Σέριφος. Πλακάλωνα», ΑΔ 62, Χρονικά (2007),
1161-1163.
Παπαδοπούλου 2011: Παπαδοπούλου Γ., Η Μεταλλουργία του Χαλκού στο Αιγαίο
της Πρώιμης Εποχής του Χαλκού. Στάδια και οργάνωση της
παραγωγής από το μετάλλευμα στο αντικείμενο. Αλλαγές στο
χρόνο και σύνδεση με το ιστορικό πλαίσιο. MSc thesis, Εθνικό και
Καποδιστριακό Πανεπιστήμιο Αθηνών 2011.
Παπαδοπούλου 2013: Παπαδοπούλου Ζ., «Αρχαιομεταλλουργικές έρευνες στη νότια
Σίφνο κατά την τελευταία δεκαετία: ευρήματα, ερωτήματα,
προοπτικές», in Πρακτικά Δ΄ Διεθνούς Σιφναϊκού Συμποσίου,
Σίφνος 25 – 26 Ιουνίου 2010, Αθήνα 2013, 29-44.
Παπαθανασόπουλος 1961/62: Παπαθανασόπουλος Γ., «Κυκλαδικά Νάξου. Μέρος Πρώτον»,
ΑΔ 17 (1961/62), 104-151.
Παπαθανασόπουλος 1981: Παπαθανασόπουλος Γ. Α., Νεολιθικά-Κυκλαδικά. ’Εθνικό
’Αρχαιολογικό Μουσει~ο, ’Αθήνα 1981.
Παπαθανασόπουλος 1996: Παπαθανασόπουλος Γ. Α. (ed.), Νεολιθικός Πολιτισμός στην
Ελλάδα, Ίδρυμα Ν.Π. Γουλανδρή - Μουσείο Κυκλαδικής Τέχνης,
Αθήνα 1996.
Παπαχατζής 1996: Παπαχατζής Ν., Η θρησκεία στην Αρχαία Ελλάδα : με τη χθόνια
ιδιομορφία της έκανε την εμφάνισή της στο 19ο αιώνα π.χ. και
έζησε πάνω από δύο χιλιετίες, Αθήνα 1996.
Παπουτσάκης 1972: Παπουτσάκης Χρ. Γ., «Οι βραχογραφίες στ’ Ασφέντου Χανίων»,
Κρητικά Χρονικά 24 (1972), 107-139.
Παρλαμά 2007: Παρλαμά Λ., «Παλαμάρι Σκύρου. Παρατηρήσεις στην εξέλιξη
του οικισμού κατά την 3η π. Χ. χιλιετία και προβλήματα
Αστικοποίησης», in Σημαντώνη-Μπουρνιά Ε., Λαιμού Α. Α.,
Μενδώνη Λ. Γ., Κούρου Ν. (eds), Αμύμονα Έργα. Τιμητικός Τόμος
για τον Καθηγητή Βασίλη Κ. Λαμπρινουδάκη, Αρχαιογνωσία, Vol.
no. 5, Αθήνα 2007, 25-48.
Παρλαμά 2009: Παρλαμά Λ., «Παλαμάρι Σκύρου. Η ανασκαφή της οχύρωσης,
2000-2007», in ΚΕΡΜΑΤΙΑ ΦΙΛΙΑΣ. Τιμητικός Τόμος για τον
Ιωάννη Τουράτσογλου, Volume Β, ΥΠΠΟ, Νομισματικό Μουσείο,
Αθήνα 2009, 227-241.
Προμπονάς 1974: Προμπονάς Ι., Η μυκηναϊκή εορτή «Θρονοελκτήρια» (to-no-ke-ri-
jo) και η επιβίωσις αυτής στους ιστορικούς χρόνους, Phd Thesis,
Εθνικό και Καποδιστριακό Πανεπιστήμιο Αθηνών, Αθήνα 1974.
Σάμψων 1985: Σάμψων Α., Μάνικα. Μια πρωτοελλαδική πόλη στη Χαλκίδα,
Αθήνα 1985.
Σάμψων 1988: Σάμψων A., Μάνικα. Ο Πρωτοελλαδικός Οικισμός και το
Νεκροταφείο II, Έκδοση Δήμου Χαλκιδέων, Αθήνα 1988.
Σταμπολίδης 1999: Σταμπολίδης Ν. Χρ. (ed.), ΦΩΣ ΚΥΚΛΑΔΙΚΟΝ. Τιμητικός τόμος
στη μνήμη Νικολάου Ζαφειρόπουλου, Ίδρυμα Ν.Π. Γουλανδρή -
Μουσείο Κυκλαδικής Τέχνης, Αθήνα 1999.
Στέφανος 1906: Στέφανος Κλ., «Ανασκαφικαί εργασίαι εν Νάξω», ΠΑΕ 1906,
86-89.
Στέφανος 1908: Στέφανος Κλ., «Ανασκαφικαί εργασίαι εν Νάξω», ΠΑΕ 1908,
114-117.
Σωτηρακοπούλου 1999: Σωτηρακοπούλου Π. Ι., Ακρωτήρι Θήρας: Η Νεολιθική και
η Πρώιμη Εποχή του Χαλκού επί τη βάσει της κεραμεικής,
Βιβλιοθήκη της εν Αθήναις Αρχαιολογικής Εταιρείας no. 191,
Αθήνα 1999.
Σωτηρακοπούλου 2005: Σωτηρακοπούλου Π., Ο Θησαυρός της Κέρου: Μύθος ή
Πραγματικότητα; Αναζητώντας τα χαμένα κομμάτια ενός
αινιγματικού συνόλου, Ίδρυμα Ν.Π. Γουλανδρή-Μουσείο
Κυκλαδικής Τέχνης / J. Paul Getty Museum / Cycladic Art
Foundation, Αθήνα 2005.
Σωτηρακοπούλου 2006: Σωτηρακοπούλου Π., «Ο Πρωτοκυκλαδικός πολιτισμός», in
Σταμπολίδης Ν. Χρ. (ed.), Κυκλάδες: αριστουργήματα ενός
αιγαιακού πολιτισμού από το Μουσείο Κυκλαδικής Τέχνης και
από το Εθνικό Αρχαιολογικό Μουσείο, Αθήνα 2006, 18-78.
Τελεβάντου 2001: Tελεβάντου Χ. A., Στρόφιλας. Ένας νεολιθικός οικισμός στην
Άνδρο, Άγκυρα 1 (2001), 203-215.
Τελεβάντου 2003: Tελεβάντου Χ. A., «Άνδρος. Από τους νεολιθικούς στους
πρωτοκυκλαδικούς οικισμούς», in Μαρθάρη M. (ed.), Η Πρώιμη
Εποχή του Χαλκού υπό το φως πρόσφατων ερευνών σε
οικισμούς, Αθήνα 2003, 10-37.

231
 Τελεβάντου 2006a:
Τελεβάντου 2006b:
Τελεβάντου 2007:
Τζαχίλη 1997:
Τζωράκης 2011:
Τριαντάφυλλος 1973:
Τριαντάφυλλος 1984:
Τσούντας 1898:
Τσούντας 1899:
Τσούντας 2000:
Φιλανιώτου 2005:
Φιλανιώτου-Xατζηαναστασίου
2000:
Χατζηαναστασίου 1998:
Χωρέμη-Σπετσιέρη – Ζαρκάδας
2006:
232
Τελεβάντου Χ. A., «Προϊστορική Άνδρος», in Σταμπολίδης
Ν. Χρ. (eds), Γενέθλιον. Αναμνηστικός Τόμος για τη συμπλήρωση
είκοσι χρόνων λειτουργίας του Μουσείου Κυκλαδικής Τέχνης,
Ίδρυμα Ν. Π. Γουλανδρή - Μουσείο Κυκλαδικής Τέχνης, Αθήνα
2006, 1-16.
Τελεβάντου Χ. A., «Ο οικισμός του Στρόφιλα στην Άνδρο»,
in Σάμψων Αδ. (ed.), Προϊστορία του Αιγαίου. Παλαιολιθική-
Μεσολιθική-Νεολιθική, Αθήνα 2006, 185-194.
Τελεβάντου Χ.A., «Ανιχνεύοντας τον ρόλο της Άνδρου κατά
τους Προϊστορικούς Χρόνους», in Νήσος Άνδρος: Παράδοση,
Πολιτισμός, Περιβάλλον, Ανάπτυξη, Κοινωνία 1 (2007), 61-97.
Τζαχίλη Ί., Υφαντική και Υφάντρες στο Προϊστορικό Αιγαίο,
Πανεπιστημιακές Εκδόσεις Κρήτης, Ηράκλειο 1997.
Τζωράκης Γ., «Μια νέα ματιά στις σχέσεις της Κρήτης με
τις Κυκλάδες κατά την Πρώιμη Εποχή του Χαλκού», Κρητικά
Χρονικά, τόμ. ΛΑ’ (2001), 33-67.
Τριαντάφυλλος Δ., «Μεγαλιθικά Μνημεία (dolmen) και
βραχογραφίαι εις την Δυτικήν Θράκην», ΑΑΑ VI.2 (1973),
241-255.
Τριαντάφυλλος Δ., «Η Προϊστορία στον χώρο της Δυτικής
Θράκης», Αρχαιολογία 13 (1984), 10-19.
Τσούντας Χ., «Κυκλαδικά», ΑΕ 1898, 137-212.
Τσούντας Χ., «Κυκλαδικά ΙΙ», ΑΕ 1899, 73-134.
Τσούντας Χ., Αι Προϊστορικαί Ακροπόλεις Διμηνίου και
Σέσκλου. Βιβλιοθήκη της εν Αθήναις Αρχαιολογικής Εταιρείας
(ανατύπωσις εκδόσεως 1908), 2000.
Φιλανιώτου Ο., «Μικρές Κυκλάδες», in Βλαχόπουλος Α. Γ. (ed.),
Αρχαιολογία. Τα νησιά του Αιγαίου, Αθήνα 2005, 286 - 289.
Φιλανιώτου-Xατζηαναστασίου O., «H Σίφνος κατά την πρώιμη
εποχή του χαλκού. H συμβολή των μετάλλων», in Πρακτικά A΄
Διεθνούς Σιφναϊκού Συμποσίου, vol. A, Aθήνα 2000, 286-289.
Χατζηαναστασίου Ό., «Σημειώσεις από την Κύθνο», in Μενδώνη
Λ., Μαζαράκης Αινιάν Α. (eds.), Κέα-Κύθνος, Ιστορικές και
Αρχαιολογικές Έρευνες. Πρακτικά Διεθνούς Συμποσίου Κέα-
Κύθνος, 22-25 Ιουνίου 1994, Ε.Ι.Ε., Κ.Ε.Ρ.Α., ΜΕΛΕΤΗΜΑΤΑ 27,
Αθήνα 1998, 259-273.
Χωρέμη-Σπετσιέρη Ά., Ζαρκάδας Ά. (eds), Το Μουσείο Παύλου
και Αλεξάνδρας Κανελλοπούλου. Αρχαία Τέχνη, Αθήνα 2006.
 Alram 2011: Alram Ev., “Der Archipel als Lebensraum: Pflanzen und Tiere als
Nahrungsressourcen”, in Hattler 2011, 41-47.
Altherr 2011: Altherr R., “Weißer Marmor, schwarzes Glass: Die geologische
Vielfalt der Kykladeninseln”, in Hattler 2011, 22-29.
Anati 2000: Anati Em., “Τhe Rock sanctuaries of Europe”, in Gods and
heroes of Bronze Age Europe. The roots of Odysseus, Council of
Europe, Strasbourg 2000, 142-144.
Andreopoulou-Mangou 2006: Andreopoulou-Mangou H., “Note on the chemical analysis of the
Markiani metal objects”, in Μαρκιανή Αμοργού, 218-219.
Αngelopoulou 2008: Αngelopoulou A., “The «Kastri Group»: Evidence from Korfari
ton Amygdalion (Panormos) Naxos, Dhaskalio Keros and
Akrotiri Thera”, in «Horizon-Ορίζων», 149-164.
Atkinson et al. 1904: Atkinson T. D., Crowfoot J. W., Edgar C. C., Bosanquet R.C.,
Mackenzie D., Smith G. and Wetch F. B., Excavations at
Phylakopi in Melos, JHS Suppl. 4, The Council, London 1904.
Bahn 1994: Bahn P., Το εγκώλπιον του καλού μπλοφαδόρου για την
Αρχαιολογία (translation Θ. Κατσούλης), Αθήνα: Δίαυλος, 1994.
Barber 1974: Barber R. L. N., “Phylakopi 1911 and the History of the Later
Cycladic Bronze Age”, BSA 69 (1974), 1-53.
Barber 1981: Barber R. L. N., “A Tomb at Ayios Loukas, Syros: Some Thoughts
on Early-Middle Cycladic Chronology”, JMAA 1.2 (1981), 167-179.
Barber 1983: Barber R. L. N., “The Definition of the Middle Cycladic Period”,
AJA 87 (1983), 76-81.
Barber 1984a: Barber R. L. N., “The Pottery of Phylakopi, First City, Phase ii (I-
ii)”, in PC, 88-94.
Barber 1984b: Barber R.L.N., “Early Cycladic Marble Figures: Some thoughts on
function”, in Fitton 1984, 10-14.
Barber 1987: Barber R. L.N., The Cyclades in the Bronze Age, Duckworth,
London 1987.
Barber 1994: Barber R.L.N., Οι Κυκλάδες στην Εποχή του Χαλκού, Εμπορική
Τράπεζα της Ελλάδος, Αθήνα 1994.
Barber – MacGillivray 1980: Barber R.L.N., MacGillivray J.A., “The Early Cycladic Period:
Matters of Definition and Terminology”, AJA 84 (1980), 141-159.
Bassiakos – Philaniotou 2007: Bassiakos Y., Philaniotou O., “Early copper production on
Kythnos: archaeological evidence and analytical approaches
to the reconstruction of metallurgical progress”, in Day P.
M., Doonan R. C. P. (eds), Metallurgy in the Early Bronze Age
Aegean, Sheffield 2007, 19-56.
Bent 1884: Bent J. T., “Researches among the Cyclades”, JHS 5 (1884),
42-59.
Bernabo-Brea 1964: Bernabo-Brea B., Poliochni. Città preistorica nell'isola di Lemnos,
I-II, Rome 1964.
Bernheimer 2010: Bernheimer G. M., Gallery Talk: The Schuster Master - A Cycladic
Marble Masterpiece, http://www.christies.com/features/
antiquities-cycladic-marble-figure-schuster-master-1199-3.aspx
Betancourt et al. 1999: Betancourt Ph. P., Karageorghis V., Laffineur R. and Niemeier
W-D. (eds), MELETEMETA. Studies in Aegean Archaeology
presented to Malcolm H. Wiener as he enters his 65th year,
Aegaeum 20, Liège 1999.
Betancourt 2008: Betancourt Ph., “The cemetery at Haghia Photia, Crete”, in
«Horizon-Ορίζων», 237-240.
Bevan 2007: Bevan A., Stone Vessels and Values in the Bronze Age
Mediterranean, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2007.
Birtacha 2006: Birtacha K., “The Pottery from Markiani Phase III”, in Μαρκιανή
Αμοργού, 130-138.
Birtacha – Georgakopoulou Birtacha K., Georgakopoulou M., “The Metal Finds”, in Renfrew
2007: et al. 2007, 379-403.
Blegen 1928: Blegen C. W., Zygouries. A Prehistoric Settlement in the Valley
of Cleonae, Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts
1928.
Blegen et al. 1950: Blegen C.W., Caskey J.L., Rawson M. and Sperling J., Troy
I: General Introduction. The First and Second Settlements,
Princeton University Press, Princeton 1950.
Blumfiel 2011: Blumfiel E. M. 2011, “Towards a middle range theory of
household politics: The standardization of decorative motifs
in Middle Post-Classic Mexico”, in Johansen P. J., Bauer A. M.
(eds), The Archaeology of Politics: The Materiality of Politics
Practice and Action in the Past, Cambridge Scholars Publishing,
Newcastle 2011, 245-282.

234
Bossert 1960: Bossert E. M., “Die gestempelten Verzierungen auf
frühbronzezeitlichen Gräber der Gefässen Ägäis”, JdI 75
(1960), 1-16.
Bossert 1965: Bossert E. M., “Ein Beitrag zu den frühkykladischen
Fundgruppen”, Anadolu Arastirmalari V. 2, PT. 1-2 (1965),
85-100.
Bossert 1967: Bossert E. M., “Kastri auf Syros”, AΔ 22, Μελέται (1967), 53-76.
Bossert 1983: Bossert E.M., “Zu einigen Figurgefässen von den Kykladen und
aus Westkleinasien”, in Boehmer R. M., Hauptmann H. (eds),
Beitrage zur Altertumskunde Kleinasiens. Festschrift für K.
Bittel., vol. 1, Mainz am Rhein 1983, 121-138.
Boyd 2013: Boyd M. J., “The Structure and Architecture of the Settlement”,
in Renfrew et al. 2013, 705-721.
Branigan 1968: Branigan K., Copper and bronze working in early Bronze Age
Crete, SIMA 19, Lund 1968.
Branigan 1971: Branigan K., “Cycladic figurines and their derivatives in Crete”,
BSA 66 (1971), 57-78.
Branigan 1974: Branigan K., Aegean Metalwork of the Early and Middle Bronze
Age, Oxford 1974.
Branigan 1977: Branigan K., “Metal Objects and Metal Technology of the
Cycladic Culture”, in Thimme 1977, 117-122.
Broodbank 1989: Broodbank C., “The Longboat and Society in the Cyclades in the
Keros-Syros Culture”, AJA 93 (1989), 319-337.
Broodbank 2000: Broodbank C., An Island Arcaheology of the Early Cyclades,
Cambridge University Press 2000.
Brouskari 1981: Brouskari Μ., “Collection Paul Canellopoulos (XVI), Antiquités
cycladiques”, BCH 105.I (1981), 499-535.
Bucholz – Karageorghis 1973: Bucholz H. G., Karageorghis V., Prehistoric Greece and Cyprus.
An Archaeological Handbook, London 1973.
Capelle 2000: Capelle T., “The Rock Art of the North”, in Gods and heroes of
Bronze Age Europe. The roots of Odysseus, Council of Europe,
Strasbourg 2000, 153-4.
Carington-Smith 1975: Carington-Smith J., Spinning, Weaving and Textile Manufacture
in Prehistoric Greece from Neolithic to the Bronze Age, PhD
thesis, University of Tasmania 1975.
Carter 1998: Carter T. B., "Through a glass darkly": Obsidian and society in
the southern Aegean Early Bronze Age, PhD thesis, University of
London 1998.
Carter 2008: Carter T., “The chipped stone, a preliminary report”, appendix in
Philaniotou O., “Naxos, Tsikniades: an Early Cycladic Cemetery",
in «Horizon-Ορίζων», 203-207.
Caskey 1969/70: Caskey J. L., «Ανασκαφαί εν Κέα», 1969-70, ΕΕΚΜ 8 (1969/70),
610-632.
Caskey 1970: Caskey J. L., “The Early Bronze Age at Ayia Irini in Keos”,
Archaeology 23 (1970), 339-342.
Caskey 1972: Caskey J. L., “Investigations in Keos. Part II: A Conspectus of the
Pottery”, Hesperia 41 (1972), 357-401.
Caskey 1986: Caskey J.L., “Did the Early Bronze Age end?”, in CCS VI, 9-30.
Casson 1971: Casson L., Ships and Seamanship in the Ancient World,
Princeton 1971.
Catalano 1994: Catalano R., Sonu de canna: The revitalization of “Sas Enas”, a
Sardinian cane clarinet. Unpublished ΜΑ thesis, University of
California, Los Angeles (UCLA) 1994.
Cherry et al. 1991: Cherry J. F., Davis J. L. and Mantzourani E., “Prehistoric Northern
Keos: Analysis and Interpretation of the Survey Finds”, in
Cherry J. F., Davis J.L. and Mantzourani E. (eds), Landscape
Archaeology as Long-Term History. Northern Keos in the
Cycladic Islands from Earliest Settlement until Modern Times,
Los Angeles, California 1991, 217-232.
Coleman 1977a: Coleman J. E., “Early Cycladic Clay Vessels”, in Thimme 1977,
109-116.
Coleman 1977b: Coleman J. E., Kephala. A Late Neolithic Settlement and
Cemetery, Keos I, Princeton 1977.
Coleman 1985: Coleman J. E., “Frying-pans of the Early Bronze Age Aegean”,
AJA 89 (1985), 191-219.
Coleman 1992: Coleman J. E., “Greece, the Aegean, and Cyprus. Part 1. Greece
and the Aegean from the Mesolithic to the End of the Early
Bronze Age”, in Ehrich R. W. (ed.), Chronologies in Old World
Archaeology, vol. I, University of Chicago 1992, 247-288.

235
 Cosmopoulos 1991a: Cosmopoulos M. B., The Early Bronze 2 in the Aegean, SIMA
XCVIII, Paul Åströms förlag, Göteborg 1991.
Cosmopoulos 1991b: Cosmopoulos M., “Exchange networks in Prehistory: The
Aegean and the Mediterranean in the Third Millenium B.C.”, in
Laffineur R., Basch L. (eds), ΤHALASSA. L’Egée Préhistorique
et la Mer. Actes de la 3e Rencontre égéenne internationale de
l'Université de Liège, Station de recherches sous-marines et
océanographiques (StaReSo), Calvi, Corse, 23-25 avril 1990,
Aegaeum 7. Annales d’archeologie égéenne de l'Université de
Liège, Liège 1991, 155-168.
Craxton – Warren 2004: Craxton J., Warren P., "A Neocycladic harpist?", in Broodie N.,
Hills C. (eds), Material Engagements: studies in honour of Colin
Renfrew, Cambridge: McDonald Institute for Archaeological
Research 2004, 109-113.
Davaras – Betancourt 2004: Davaras C., Betancourt Ph. P., The Hagia Photia Cemetery I. The
Tomb Groups and Architecture, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 2004.
Davaras – Betancourt 2012: Davaras C., Betancourt Ph., The Hagia Photia Cemetery II, The
Pottery, Philadelphia 2012.
Davis – Cherry 1979: Davis J. L., Cherry J.F. (eds), Papers in Cycladic Prehistory,
UCLA Institute of Archaeology Monograph 14, Los Angeles 1979.
Devetzi 1990: Devetzi Τ., "Vessels", in Marangou 1990, 117-118.
Dickinson 1994: Dickinson O., The Aegean Bronze Age, Cambridge University
Press, Cambridge 1994.
Dimakopoulou 1990: Dimakopoulou Κ., "Music-Dance", in Marangou 1990, 112-115.
Doumas 1972: Doumas Ch., “Notes on Early Cycladic Architecture”, AA 87
(1972), 151-170.
Doumas 1977a: Doumas Ch., Early Bronze Age Burial Habits in the Cyclades
(SIMA XLVIII), Paul Ǻströms Förlag, Göteborg 1977.
Doumas 1977b: Doumas Ch., “Early Cycladic burials”, in Thimme 1977, 33-36.
Doumas 1987: Doumas Ch., “Early Cycladic Society: The evidence from the
graves”, in Laffineur R. (ed.), Thanatos. Les coutumes funéraires
en Egée à l’âge du Bronze. Actes du colloque de Liège, 21-23
avril 1986 (Aegaeum 1), Université de Liège / University of Texas
at Austin, Liège / Austin 1987, 15-18.
Doumas 1988: Doumas Ch., “EBA in the Cyclades: Continuity or
Discontinuity?”, in Problems, 21-29.
Doumas 1990a: Doumas Ch., "Rock Art", in Marangou 1990, 158-160.
Doumas 1990b: Doumas Ch., "Death", in Marangou 1990, 93-95.
Doumas 1990c: Doumas Ch., "Weapons and Fortifications", in Marangou
1990, 90-92.
Doumas 1990d: Doumas Ch., "Metallurgy", in Marangou 1990, 161-162.
Doumas 1990e: Doumas Ch., "Sea", in Marangou 1990, 83-85.
Doumas 1991: Doumas Ch., “The discovery of Early Cycladic civilization”, in
Renfrew C. (ed.), The Cycladic Spirit: Masterpieces from the
Nicholas P. Goulandris Collection, London: Thames and Hudson
1991, 25-30.
Doumas 1992: Doumas Ch., “An Early Cycladic “Hooked-Tang” Spearhead from
Naxos”, Κυπριακαί Σπουδαί, vol. ΝΔ’-ΝΕ’ (1990-1991), Λευκωσία
1992, 67-68.
Doumas 1996: Doumas Ch., “Modern Forgeries”, in Turner J. (ed.), Dictionnary
of Art, vol. 8, Nex York 1996.
Doumas 2000: Doumas Ch. (ed.), Early Cycladic Culture, The N.P. Goulandris
Collection, N.P. Goulandris Foundation – Museum of Cycladic
Art, Athens 2000.
Doumas 2002: Doumas Ch., Silent Witnesses. Early Cycladic Art of the Third
Millennium BC, Alexander S. Onassis Public Benefit Foundation
(USA), New York 2002.
Doumas 2007: Doumas Ch., “The 1963 excavation”, in Renfrew et al. 2007,
29-30.
Doumas 2008: Doumas Ch., “Chambers of Mystery”, in «Horizon-Ορίζων»,
166-175.
Doumas 2011: Doumas Ch., “Searching for the Early Bronze Age Aegean
Metallurgist’s Toolkit”, in Betancourt Ph. P., Ferrence C. S. (eds),
Metallurgy: Understanding How, Learning Why. Studies in Honor
of James D. Muhly, Pennsylvania 2011, 165-179.

236
Dümmler 1886: Dümmler F., “Mittheilungen von den griechischen Inseln, part I:
Reste vorgriechischer Bevoelkerung auf den Kykladen”, AM 11
(1886), 15–46.
Düring 2011: Düring S. B., The Prehistory of Asia Minor. From complex Hunter-
Gatherers to early Urban Societies, Cambridge University Press
2011.
Edgar 1904: Edgar C.C., “Note on the Tombs”, in Atkinson T.D., Crowfoot
J.W., Edgar C. C., Bosanquet R.C., Mackenzie D., Smith G. and
Wetch F.B., Excavations at Phylakopi in Melos, JHS Suppl. 4, The
Council, London 1904, 234-237.
Erkanal 1996: Erkanal H., “Early Bronze Age Urbanization in the Coastal
Region of Western Anatolia”, in Sey Y. (ed.), Housing and
Settlement in Anatolia. A Historical Perspective (Habitat II),
Istanbul 1996, 70-82.
Erkanal 1999: Erkanal H., “Early Bronze Age Fortification Systems in Izmir
Region”, in Betancourt et al. 1999, 237-241.
Erkanal 2008: Erkanal H., “Liman Tepe: A new light on the Prehistoric Aegean
Cultures”, in Erkanal H., Hauptmann H., S ahoğlu V. and Tuncel
’
R. (eds), The Aegean in the Neolithic, Chalcolithic and the Early
Bronze Age, Ankara 2008, 179-190.
Erkurt 2011: Erkurt O., “Experimental Archaeology: project for the re-
animation of Cycladic boats”, in S ahoğlu – Sotirakopoulou 2011,
’
178-185.
Etienne – Etienne 1990: Etienne R., Etienne F., La Grèce antique: Αrchéologie d'une
découverte, Paris: Gallimard 1990.
Evans – Renfrew 1968: Evans J. D., Renfrew C., Excavations at Saliagos near Antiparos,
BSA, Suppl. vol. no. 5, London 1968.
Evans – Renfrew 1984: Evans R. K., Renfrew C., “The earlier Bronze Age at Phylakopi”,
in PC, 63-69.
Faure 1971: Faure P., «Αι εγχάρακτοι βραχογραφίαι του σπηλαίου Ασφέντου
Σφακίων» (translation Ε. Πλατάκη), Αμάλθεια 2 (1971), 277-283.
Felten 1986: Felten F., “Early Urban History and Architecture of Ancient
Aigina”, in Hägg R., Konsola D. (eds), Early Helladic Architecture
and Urbanization, SIMA LXXVI, Göteborg 1986, 21-26.
Fitton 1984: Fitton J. L. (ed.), Cycladica. Studies in Memory of N.P.
Goulandris, Proceedings of the Seventh British Museum Classical
Colloquium, British Museum Publications Limited, London 1984.
Fitton 1989: Fitton J. L., Cycladic Art, British Museum Press, London 1989.
Fitton 1995: Fitton J. L., The Discovery of the Greek Bronze Age, British
Museum Press, London 1995.
Frankfort 1927: Frankfort H., Studies in Early Pottery of the Near East II: Asia,
Europe and the Aegean and their earliest interrelations, Royal
Anthropological Institute, Occasional Papers no. 8, London 1927.
Galanakis 2013: Galanakis Y., “Early Prehistoric Research on Amorgos and the
Beginnings of Cycladic Archaeology”, AJA 117 (2013), 181-206.
Gale – Stos-Gale 1984: Gale H. N., Stos-Gale A. Z., “Cycladic Metallurgy”, in PC,
255-276.
Gale – Stos-Gale 2008: Gale H. N., Stos-Gale A. Z., “Changing Patterns in Prehistoric
Cycladic Metallurgy”, in «Horizon-Ορίζων», 387-408.
Gavalas 2006: Gavalas G., “The spindle whorls and related objects”, in
Μαρκιανή Αμοργού, 199-209.
Gavalas 2007: Gavalas G., “The stone Vessels”, in Renfrew et al. 2007, 322-336.
Georgakopoulou 2005: Georgakopoulou M., The technology and organization of early
Cycladic metallurgy: copper on Seriphos and Keros, Greece, PhD
thesis, University College of London (UCL), London 2005.
Georgakopoulou 2007: Georgakopoulou M., “The metallurgical remains”, in Renfrew et
al. 2007, 382-403.
Georgakopoulou 2013: M. Georgakopoulou, “Metal Artefacts and Metallurgy”, in
Renfrew et al. 2013, 667-692.
Georgakopoulou et al. 2011: Georgakopoulou M., Bassiakos Y. and Philaniotou O., "Seriphos
surfaces: a Study of copper slag heaps and copper sources in
the context of Early Bronze Age Aiegiean Metal production"
Archaeometry 53 (2011), 123–145.
Getz-Gentle 1996: Getz-Gentle P., Stone Vessels of the Cyclades in the Early
Bronze Age, The Pennsylvania State University Press, University
Press, Pennsylvania 1996.

237
 Getz-Gentle 2001: Getz-Gentle P., Personal Styles in Early Cycladic Sculpture, The
University of Wisconsin Press, Madison, Wisconsin 2001.
Getz-Preziosi 1977a: Getz-Preziosi P., “Cycladic Sculptors and their Methods”, in
Thimme 1977, 71-91.
Getz-Preziosi 1977b: Getz-Preziosi P., “Early Cycladic Stone Vases”, in Thimme 1977,
95-107.
Getz-Preziosi 1979: Getz-Preziosi P., “The Hunter/Warrior figure in Early Cycladic
marble Sculpture”, in Davis J. L., Cherry J.F. (eds), Papers in
Cycladic Prehistory, UCLA Institute of Archaeology Monograph
14, Los Angeles 1979, 87-96.
Getz-Preziosi 1981: Getz-Preziosi P.,“The male figure in Early Cycladic sculpture”,
MMJ 15 (1981), 5-33.
Getz-Preziosi 1983: Getz-Preziosi P.,“The Keros Hoard: Introduction to an Early
Cycladic Enigma”, in Metzler D., Otto B. and Müller-Wirth
Ch. (eds), Antidoron. Festschrift Für Jürgen Thimme zum 65.
Geburstagam 26. September 1982, Müller C.F., Karlsruhe 1983,
37-44.
Getz-Preziosi 1987a: Getz-Preziosi P., Ταξίδι στις προϊστορικές Κυκλάδες (Translation
Λ. Μπρατζιώτη), Αθήνα: Ίδρυμα Ν. Π. Γουλανδρή - Μουσείο
Κυκλαδικής τέχνης, Αθήνα 1987.
Getz-Preziosi 1987b: Getz-Preziosi P., Sculptors of the Cyclades: Individual and
Tradition in the Third Millennium B.C., The University of Michigan
Press/ J. Paul Getty Trust, Ann Arbor 1987.
Getz-Preziosi 1987c: Getz-Preziosi P., Early Cycladic Art in North American
Collections, Virginia Museum of Fine Arts, Richmond 1987.
Getz-Preziosi 1994: Getz-Preziosi P., Early Cycladic Sculpture: An Introduction,
Revised edition, The J. Paul Getty Museum, Malibu, California
1994.
Gill – Chippindale 1993: Gill D. W. J., Chippindale C., “Material and intellectual
consequences of esteem for Cycladic figures”, AJA 97 (1993),
601-59.
Goodison 2008: Goodison L., “Horizon and Body: Some Aspects of Cycladic
Symbolism”, in «Horizon-Ορίζων», 417-431.
Gorogianni 2011: Gorogianni Evi, “Herrscher der Inseln: Anatomie einer
Seefahrergesellschaft’, in Hattler 2011, 50-57.
Hadjianastasiou – MacGillivray Hadjianastasiou O., MacGillivray S., "An Early Bronze Age
1988: copper smelting site on the Aegean island of Kythnos; Part two:
the archaeological evidence", in Ellis-Jones J. (ed.), Aspects of
Ancient Mining and Metallurgy, Bangor 1988, 31-39.
Hattler 2011: Hattler C. (ed.), Kykladen. Lebenswelten einer Fruehgriechischen
Kultur, Karlsruhe: Badisches Landesmuseum, 2011.
Ηekman 1994: Ηekman J. J., “Chalandriani on Syros: An Early Bronze Cemetery
in the Cyclades”, ΑΕ 1994, 47-174.
Hekman 2003: Hekman J. J., The Early Bronze Age Cemetery at Chalandriani on
Syros (Cyclades, Greece), Assen 2003.
Hendrix 2003: Hendrix E., "Painted Early Cycladic Figurines. An Exploration of
Context and Meaning", Hesperia 72 (2003), 405-446.
Herz 1992: Herz N., "Pronenance determination of Neolithic to Classical
Mediterranean marbles by stable isotopes", Archaeometry 34
(1992), 185-194.
Höckman 1977a: Höckman O., “Cycladic Religion”, in Thimme 1977, 37-52.
Höckman 1977b: Höckman O., “The Cyclades and their Eastern Neighbors”, in
Thimme 1977, 155-163.
Hoffman 2002: Hoffman G. L., “Painted Ladies: Early Cycladic II Mourning
Figures?”, AJA 106:4 (2002), 525-550.
Hood 1978: Hood S., The Arts in Prehistoric Greece, Penguin Books, London
1978.
Horst 2011: Horst K., “Farbe auf Marmoridolen: Bemalte Götter, Uschebti
oder Voodoo-Puppen?", in Hattler 2011, 194-201.
Hubert 2011: Hubert S., “Hanglage und Meerblick: Zur frühkykladischen Haus-
und Siedlungsarchitektur”, in Hattler 2011, 60-73.
Johnston 1982: Johnston P.F., “Bronze Age Cycladic Ships”, Temple University
Aegean Symposium 7, Philadelfia 1982, 1-8.
Kakavogianni et al. 2008: Kakavogianni O., Douni K. and Nezeri F., "Silver metallurgical
finds dating from the end of the Final Neolithic period until the
Middle Bronze Age in the area of Mesogeia", in Tzachili Ι. (ed.),
Aegean Metallurgy in the Bronze Age, Athens 2008.
Karali 1999: Karali L., Shells in Aegean Prehistory, (BAR International Series
761), Oxford: Archaeopress 1999.

238
Karantzali 1996: Karantzali E., Le bronze ancien dans les Cyclades et en Crète.
Les relations entre les deux régions. Influences de la Grèce
Continentale, Oxford 1996.
Karantzali 2006: Karantzali E., “The pottery of phases I and II and a note on the
pottery from the Bastion Area”, in Μαρκιανή Αμοργού, 101-130.
Koepke et al. 2002: Koepke J., Seidel E. and Kreuzer H., “Ophiolites on the Southern
Aegean islands Crete, Karpathos and Rhodes: Composition,
geochronology and position within the ophiolite belts of the
Eastern Mediterranean”, Lithos 65.1-2 (2002), 183-203.
Köhler 1884: Köhler U., “Praehistorisches von den griechischen Inseln”, AM 9
(1884), 156-9.
Krzyszkowska 2005: Krzyszkowska Ο., Aegean Seals: An Introduction, Institute of
Classical Studies, School of Advanced Study, University of
London, London 2005.
Lamb 1936: Lamb W., Excavations at Thermi in Lesbos, Cambridge 1936.
Lambrinoudakis 1990: Lambrinoudakis V., "Religion", in Marangou 1990, 99-104.
Lebegyev - Márton 2007: Lebegyev J., Márton A., “Early Cycladic Objects in the Collection
of Classical Antiquities”, Bulletin du Musée Hongrois des Beaux-
Arts, 104 (2007), 7-33.
Lichter 2011: Lichter C., “Von nichts kommt nichts: Steinzeitliche Vorgänger
der Kykladenkultur”, in Hattler 2011, 32-40.
MacGillivray 1980: MacGillivray J. A., “Mount Kynthos in Delos. The Early Cycladic
Settlement”, BCH 104 (1980), 3-45.
MacGillivray 1983: MacGillivray J. A., “On the Relative Chronologies on Early
Cycladic III A and Early Helladic III”, AJA 87 (1983), 81-83.
MacGillivray 1984: MacGillivray J. A., “The Relative Chronology of Early Cycladic
III”, in PC, 70-77.
Manning 1995: Manning S., The Absolute Chronology of the Aegean Early
Bronze Age. Archaeology, Radiocarbon and History, Sheffield
Academic Press 1995.
Manolakakis 1996: Manolakakis L., "Production lithique et émergence de la
hiér- archie sociale: L'industrie lithique de le la néolithique en
Bulgarie (première moitié du IVe millénaire)", BSPF 93 (1996),
119-123.
Maran 1998: Maran J., Kulturwandel auf dem griechischen Festland und
den Kykladen im späten 3. Jahrtausend v. Chr. Studien zu den
Kulturellen Verhältnissen in Südosteuropa und dem zentralen
sowie östlichen Mittelmeerraum in der späten Kupfer - und
frühen Bronzezeit, UPA 53, Bonn 1998.
Marangou 1990: Marangou L. (ed.), Cycladic Culture. Naxos in the 3rd Millennium
BC, N.P. Goulandris Foundation - Museum of Cycladic Art,
Athens 1990.
Marangou 1990b: Marangou L., "Figurines", in Marangou 1990, 136-150.
Marangou 2006: Marangou L., “The Architecture”, in Μαρκιανή Αμοργού, 81-93.
Marangou 2007: Marangou L., “Keros and Neighbouring Islands”, in Renfrew et al.
2007, 9-15.
Marthari 2001: Marthari M., “Altering information from the past: illegal
excavations in Greece and the case of the Early Bronze Age
Cyclades”, in Brodie N., Doole J. and Renfrew C. (eds), Trade in
Illicit Antiquities: the Destruction of the World’s Archaeological
Heritage, Cambridge: McDonald Institute for Archaeological
Research, Cambridge 161-172.
Marthari 2005: Marthari Μ., «Λ. Ροσς: Αρχειακές μαρτυρίες για την προστασία
των αρχαίων and τη μουσειακή πολιτική στις Κυκλάδες», in
Goethe H. R., Palagia Ο. (eds), Ludwig Ross und Griechenland,
Rahden/Westf: Leidorf 2005, 129-158.
Marthari 2008: Marthari M., “Aspects of pottery circulation in the Cyclades
during the EB II Period: fine and semi-fine imported ceramic
wares at Skarkos, Ios”, in «Horizon-Ορίζων», 71-84.
Marthari 2009: Marthari M., “MC and early LC cemeteries and their Minoan
elements: the case of the cemetery at Skarkos on Ios”,
in Macdonald C. F., Hallager E., Niemeier W. D. (eds), The
Minoans in the Central, Eastern and Northern Aegean – New
Evidence, Acts of a Minoan Seminar 22-23 January 2005 in
collaboration with the Danish Institute at Athens and the German
Archaeological Institute at Athens (Monographs of the Danish
Institute of Athens, 8), The Danish Institute at Athens, Athens
2009, 41-58.

239
 Marthari 2017: Marthari M., “Cycladic Figurines in settlements: the case of the
major EC II settlement at Skarkos on Ios and the schematic
figurines”, in Marthari et al. 2017, 119-164.
Marthari 2017b: Marthari M., “Figurines in context at the Chalandriani cemetery
on Syros”, in Marthari et al. 2017, 297-309.
Marthari et al. 2017: Marthari M., Renfrew C. and Boyd M. (eds), Early Cycladic
Sculpture in Context, Oxford: Oxbow 2017.
Matthäus 2011: Matthäus H., “Kostbares Gut: Geräte und Gefäße aus Metall”, in
Hattler 2011, 108-117.
Mellink 1986: Mellink M., “The EBA in west Anatolia: Aegean and Asiatic
Correlations”, in CCS VI, 139-152.
Mellink – Lawrence Angel 1966: Mellink M. J., Lawrence Angel J., “Excavations at Karatas-
Semayük in Lycia, 1965”, AJA 70 (1966), 245-257.
Mellink – Lawrence Angel 1970: Mellink M. J., Lawrence Angel J., “Excavations at Karatas-
Semayük and Elmali, Lycia, 1969”, AJA 74 (1970), 245-259.
Mellink – Lawrence Angel 1973: Mellink M. J., Lawrence Angel J., “Excavations at Karatas-
Semayük and Elmali, Lycia, 1972”, AJA 77 (1973), 293-307.
Mertens 2002: Mertens J., “Cycladic Art in the Metropolitan Museum.
Antecedents and Acquisitions”, in Doumas Ch. (ed.), Early
Cycladic Culture, The N.P. Goulandris Collection, Alexander S.
Onassis Public Benefit Foundation (USA), New York 2002, 1-19.
Michaud 1970: Michaud J. P., “Chronique des fouilles en 1968 et 1969: Keos”,
BCH 94 (1970), 1107-1114.
Milocjic 1961: Milocjic V., Samos I. Die prähistorische Siedlung unter dem
Heraion - Grabung 1953 und 1955, Bonn 1961.
Muchly 2008: Muchly J. D., “Ayia Photia and the Cycladic Element in Early
Minoan Metallurgy”, in Tzachili I. (ed.), Aegean Metallurgy in the
Bronze Age, Proceedings of an International Symposium held at
the University of Crete, Rertymnon, Greece, on November 19-21,
2004, Ta pragmata, Athens 2008, 69-74.
Mylonas 1959: Mylonas G. E., Aghios Kosmas, an Early Bronze Age Settlement
and Cemetery in Attica, Princeton University Press, Princeton
1959.
Nakou 2007: Nakou G., “Absent Presences: Metal Vessels in the Aegean at the
end of the Third Millennium”, in Day P. M., Doonan R. C. P. (eds),
Metallurgy in the Early Bronze Age (Sheffield Studies in Aegean
Archaeology 7), Oxford 2007, 224-244.
Oustinoff 1984: Oustinoff E., “The manufacture of Cycladic figurines: a practical
approach”, in Fitton 1984, 38-47.
Pantou (in press): Pantou P. (in press), “Evidence of prehistoric habitation and
metallurgical activities on Seriphos: the site of Plakalona”, in
Bassiakos I. (ed.), Prehistoric Metal Production in the Aegean:
Material Evidence and Analysis, Springer-Verlag.
Papadopoulos 2002: Papadopoulos S., “Early silver and copper metallurgy on the
island of Thassos in the North Aegean”, in 8th EAA Annual
Meeting, (Thessaloniki, September 2002), 194-195.
Papadopoulou 2011: Papadopoulou Z. D., “Akrotiraki and Skali: New Evidence
for EBA Lead/Silver and Copper Production”, in Betancourt
Ph. P., Ferrence S. C. (eds), Metallurgy: Understanding How,
Learning why. Studies in Honor of James D. Muhly, Prehistory
monographs 29, INSTAP Academic Press Philadelphia,
Pennsylvania 2011, 148-157.
Papangelopoulou 2017: Papangelopoulou D., “A schematic figurine of shell from
Mersinia on Kythnos”, in Marthari et al. 2017, 88-92.
Papathanassoglou – Georgouli Papathanassoglou D. Α., Georgouli C. A., “The ‘frying pans’ of
2009: the Early Bronze Age Aegean: an experimental approach to
their possible use as liquid mirrors”, Archaeometry 51 (2009),
658–671.
Perlès 1990: Perlès C., “L'outillage de pierre taillée néolithique en Grèce:
Appro- visionnement et exploitation des matières premières”,
BCH 114 (1990), 1-42.
Philaniotou 2008: Philaniotou O., “Naxos, Tsikniades: an Early Cycladic Cemetery”,
in «Horizon-Ορίζων», 195-207.
Philip 1989: Philip G., Metal Weapons of the Early and Middle Bronze Ages in
Syria-Palestine, Oxford 1989.
Philip 1991: Philip G., "Cypriot Bronzework in the Levantine World:
Conservatism", Innovation and Social Change, JMAA 4/1 (1991),
59-107.

240
Pilavaki 2014: Pilavaki St., “A Proposed Chronology for a Rock Art Complex
in Northern Greece“, in Time and Mind: The Journal of
Archaeology, Consciousness and Culture 7:1 (2014), 71-87.
Powell 1996: Powell J., “Fishing in the Prehistoric Aegean”, SIMA-PB 137
(1996), 12-15.
Pryce 1928: Pryce F. N., Catalogue of Sculpture in the Department of Greek
and Roman Antiquities of the British Museum, Vol. I, Part I:
Prehellenic and Early Greek, The Trustees of the British Museum,
London 1928.
Rahmstorf 2011: Rahmstorf L., “Maß für Maß: Indikatoren für Kulturkontakte im 3.
Jahrtausend”, in Hattler 2011, 144-153.
Rambach 2000: Rambach J., Kykladen I-II, Bonn 2000.
Rambach 2011: Rambach J., “Spiegel des Lebens? Grabausstattungen und
Totenfürsorge”, in Hattler 2011, 120-131.
Renfrew 1964: Renfrew C., “Crete and the Cyclades before Rhadamanthus”,
Κρητικά Χρονικά 18 (1964), 107-141.
Renfrew 1967: Renfrew C., “Cycladic Metallurgy and the Aegean Early Bronze
Age”, AJA 71 (1967), 1-20.
Renfrew 1969: Renfrew C., “The development and chronology of the Early
Cycladic figurines”, AJA 73 (1969), 1-32.
Renfrew 1972: Renfrew C., The Emergence of Civilisation. The Cyclades and the
Aegean in the Third Millennium BC, London 1972.
Renfrew 1977a: Renfrew C., “The Cycladic Culture”, in Thimme 1977, 17-30.
Renfrew 1977b: Renfrew C., “The Typology and Chronology of Cycladic
Sculpture”, in Thimme 1977, 59-71.
Renfrew 1982: Renfrew C., “Early agriculture in Melos”, in Renfrew C., Wagstaff
M. (eds), An Island Polity. The archaeology of exploitation in
Melos, Cambridge University Press 1982, 156-160.
Renfrew 1984a: Renfrew C., “Speculations on the use of Early Cycladic
sculpture”, in Fitton 1984, 24-30.
Renfrew 1984b: Renfrew C., “From Pelos to Syros: Kapros Grave D and the
Kampos Group”, in PC, 41-54.
Renfrew 1985/86: Renfrew C., “The Goulandris Museum of Cycladic and Ancient
Art”, ΑΔ 32 (1985/86), 131-141.
Renfrew 1991: Renfrew C., Το Κυκλαδικό Πνεύμα. Αριστουργήματα της Συλλογής
Νικολάου Π. Γουλανδρή, Ίδρυμα Ν.Π. Γουλανδρή - Μουσείο
Κυκλαδικής Τέχνης, Αθήνα 1991.
Renfrew 2000: Renfrew C., Loot, Legitimacy and Ownership: the Ethical Crisis in
Archaeology, London: Duckworth 2000.
Renfrew 2005: Renfrew C.,"The Duration of the Cycladic Cemeteries. The Case
of Akrotiraki on Siphnos", in Πρακτικά B Διεθνούς Σιφναϊκού
Συμποσίου, vol. A, Aθήνα 2005, 43-60.
Renfrew 2006: Renfrew C., Η ανάδυση του πολιτισμού. Οι Κυκλαδες και το
Αιγαίο στην 3η χιλιετία π.Χ., Αθήνα 2006.
Renfrew 2006b: Renfrew C., “Daskalio Kavos (Keros): Reflections and a
Question”, in Σταμπολίδης Ν. Χρ. (ed.), Γενέθλιον. Αναμνηστικός
τόμος για την συμπλήρωση είκοσι χρόνων λειτουργίας του
Μουσείου Κυκλαδικής Τέχνης, Αθήνα 2006, 25-34.
Renfrew 2007a: Renfrew C., “Introduction”, in Renfrew et al. 2007, 1-8.
Renfrew 2007b: Renfrew C., “Dhaskalio Kavos as Symbolic Attractor”, in Renfrew
et al. 2007, 429-442.
Renfrew et al. 2007: Renfrew C., Doumas Ch., Marangou L. and Gavalas G. (eds),
Keros, Dhaskalio Kavos the investigations of 1987-88. Κέρος,
Κάβος Δασκαλιού. Keros, vol. 1, Cambridge: McDonald Institute
for Archaeological Research 2007.
Renfrew 2013a: Renfrew J., “The mat and vine leaf impressions”, in Renfrew et
al. 2013, 645-649.
Renfrew 2013b: Renfrew J., “The Role of the Settlement at Dhaskalio: an
Overview”, in Renfrew et al. 2013, 705-721.
Renfrew et al. 2013: Renfrew C., Philaniotou O., Brodie N., Gavalas G. and Boyd M.
J. (eds), The settlement at Dhaskalio. The sanctuary on Keros
and the origins of Aegean ritual practice: the excavations of
2006–2008, Volume I, Cambridge: McDonald Institute for
Archaeological Research 2013.
Renfrew 2015: Renfrew J., “The Vine Leaf, Mat and Cloth Impressions”, in
Renfrew et al. 2015, 304-309.
Renfrew 2015a: Renfrew C., “Introduction”, in Renfrew et al. 2015, 1-5.

241
 Renfrew 2015b:
Renfrew et al. 2015:
Renfrew et al. 2015β:
Renfrew 2017:
Renfrew – Boyd 2017:
Renfrew – Evans 2007:
Renfrew et al. (in press):
Renfrew – Wagstaff 1982:
Richter 1953:
Rowan et al. 2013:
Rutter 1979:
Rutter 1983:
Sachini 1984:
S ahoğlu 2011:
’ ’
S ahoğlu 2014:
’ ’
S ahoğlu - Sotirakopoulou 2011:
’ ’
Sampson 2002:
Sampson – Fotiadi 2008:
Sapouna-Sakellarakis 1977:
Sapouna-Sakellarakis 1987:
Schmandt-Besserat 1998:
Seidentopf 1973:
Sherratt 2000:
Sotirakopoulou 1986:
Sotirakopoulou 1993:
242
Renfrew C., “A Note on Earlier Work at the Special Deposit
North”, in Renfrew et al. 2015, 399-408.
Renfrew C., Philaniotou O., Brodie N., Gavalas G. and Boyd
M. J. (eds), Kavos and the Special Deposits. The sanctuary on
Keros and the origins of Aegean ritual practice: the excavations
of 2006–2008 Volume II, Cambridge: McDonald Institute for
Archaeological Research 2015.
Renfrew C., Briault C., Doumas Ch. and Dixon S., “The Middle
Area. The Doumas House”, in Renfrew et al. 2015, 413-415.
Renfrew C., “Early Cycladic sculpture: issues of provenance,
terminology and classification”, in Marthari et al. 2017, 1-12.
Renfrew C., Boyd M.J., “Selected sculptural fragments from the
Special Deposit South at Kavos on Keros”, in Marthari et al. 2017,
379-394.
Renfrew C., Evans K. R., “The Early Bronze Age pottery”, in
Renfrew C., Brodie N., Morris C. and Scarre C. (eds), Excavations
at Phylakopi in Melos 1974-77, BSA, Suppl. Vol. 42, London 2007,
129-180.
Renfrew C., Philaniotou O., Brodie N., Gavalas G. and Boyd M.
J. (eds), (in press), The Sanctuary on Keros and the Origins of
Aegean Ritual Practice: the excavations of 2006-2008, Vol. III:
The Marble Finds from Kavos and the Archaeology of Ritual,
Cambridge: McDonald Institute for Archaeological Research.
Renfrew C., Wagstaff M., An Island Polity. The archaeology of
exploitation in Melos, Cambridge University Press 1982.
Richter G. M. A., The Metropolitan Museum of Art: Handbook of
the Greek Collection, Cambridge: Harvard University Press 1953.
Rowan Y., Dixon J. and Dubicz R., “The ground stone asseblance
from Dhaskalio”, in Renfrew et al. 2013, 557-595.
Rutter J. B., Ceramic Change in the Aegean Early Bronze
Age: The Kastri Group, Lefkandi I and Lerna IV: A Theory
concerning the Origin of Early Helladic III ceramics, Occasional
Paper No. 5, Institute of Archaeology, University of California,
Los Angeles 1979.
Rutter J. B., “Some observations on the Cyclades in the Later
Third and Early Second Millennia”, AJA 87 (1983), 69-76.
Sachini A., Prehistoric Cycladic Figures and Their Influence on
Early Twentieth Century Sculpture, M.Litt. Thesis, University of
Edinburgh 1984.
S ahoğlu V., “Trade and Interconnections between Anatolia
and the Cyclades during the 3rd Millenioum BC”, in S ahoğlu -
’
Sotirakopoulou 2011, 172-177.
S ahoğlu V., “Depas and Tankard Vessels”, in Lebeau M. (ed.),
ARCANE Interregional, Vol. 1: Ceramics, Brepols 2014, 289-311.
S ahoğlu V., Sotirakopoulou P. (eds), ACROSS. The Cyclades and
Western Anatolia during the 3rd Millennium BC, Istanbul 2011.
Sampson A., The Neolithic Settlement at Ftelia, Myconos,
University of the Aegean Department of Mediterranean Studies,
Rhodes 2002.
Sampson A., Fotiadi P., “Early Cycladic II-III finds from Rivari,
Melos”, in «Horizon-Ορίζων», 217-223.
Sapouna-Sakellarakis E., “Cycladic Jewelry”, in Thimme 1977,
123-129.
Sapouna-Sakellarakis E., “New evidence from the Early Bronze
Age Cemetery at Manika, Chalkis”, BSA 82 (1987), 233 - 264.
Schmandt-Besserat D., “Ain Ghazal “Monumental” Figures”,
Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research, no. 310
(1998), 1-17.
Seidentopf H. B., Frühhelladische Keramik auf der Unterburg von
Tiryns, in Tiryns VI, Mainz am Rhein 1973.
Sherratt S., Catalogue of Cycladic Antiquities in the Ashmolean
Museum. The Captive Spirit, Oxford University Press, Oxford
2000.
Sotirakopoulou P. I., “Early Cycladic Pottery from Akrotiri
on Thera and its Chronological Implications”, BSA 81 (1986),
297-312.
Sotirakopoulou P., “The chronology of the «Kastri-group»
reconsidered”, BSA 88 (1993), 5-20.
Sotirakopoulou 1998:
Sotirakopoulou 2005:
Sotirakopoulou 2008a:
Sotirakopoulou 2008b:
Sotirakopoulou 2016:
Sotirakopoulou et al. 2017:
Sothebby’s (London), 10-
11.12.1992:
Stampolidis - Sotirakopoulou
2007:
Stampolidis - Sotirakopoulou
2011a:
Stampolidis - Sotirakopoulou
2011b:
Stampolidis - Sotirakopoulou
2011c:
Stampolidis - Sotirakopoulou
2011d:
Stampolidis - Sotirakopoulou
2011e:
Stampolidis - Sotirakopoulou
2011f:
Steel 2013:
Steinmann 2011:
Steinmann 2011a:
Stos-Gale et al. 1984:
Stos-Gale – Gale 1986:
Stronach 1957:
Stylianou 2016:
Televantou 1990a:
Τelevantou 1990b:
Televantou 2008a:
Televantou 2008b:
Sotirakopoulou P., “The Early Bronze Age stone figurines from
Akrotiri on Thera and their significance for the Early Cycladic
settlement", BSA 93 (1998),107–65.
Sotirakopoulou P., The ‘Keros Hoard’: Myth or Reality? Searching
for the lost pieces of a puzzle, Athens: N.P. Goulandris
Foundation 2005.
Sotirakopoulou P., “The Cyclades, the East Aegean Islands and
the Western Asia Minor: Their Relations in the Aegean Late
Neolithic and Early Bronze Age”, in Erkanal H., Hauptmann H.,
S ahoğlu V. and Tuncel R. (eds), The Aegean in the Neolithic,
’
Chalcolithic and the Early Bronze Age, Ankara 2008, 533-557.
Sotirakopoulou P., “Akrotiri, Thera: the Late Neolithic and Early
Bronze Age Phases in the Light of Recent Excavations at the
Site”, in «Horizon-Ορίζων», 121-134.
Sotirakopoulou P., The Pottery from Dhaskalio, Cambridge 2016.
Sotirakopoulou P., Renfrew C. and Boyd M. J., “Selected
sculptural fragments from the Special Deposit North at Kavos
on Keros”, in Marthari et al. 2017, 345-368.
Sotheby’s, Antiquities, London 10th-11th December 1992.
Stampolidis N. Chr. - Sotirakopoulou P., Aegean Waves. Artworks
of the Early Cycladic Culture in the Museum of Cycladic Art at
Athens, Athens: N.P. Goulandris Foundation 2007.
Stampolidis N. Chr. - Sotirakopoulou P., “Early Cycladic Stone
Artefacts and Idols”, in S ahoğlu - Sotirakopoulou 2011, 64-84.
’
Stampolidis N. Chr. - Sotirakopoulou P., “Early Cycladic Pottery”,
in S ahoğlu - Sotirakopoulou 2011, 42-50.
’
Stampolidis N. Chr. - Sotirakopoulou P., “Early Cycladic Period:
Trade and Interconnections”, in S ahoğlu - Sotirakopoulou 2011,
’
100-109.
Stampolidis N. Chr. - Sotirakopoulou P., “Pre-Bronge Age
Cyclades”, in S ahoğlu - Sotirakopoulou 2011, 26-31.
’
Stampolidis N. Chr. - Sotirakopoulou P., “Early Cycladic
Metallurgy”, in S ahoğlu - Sotirakopoulou 2011, 52-57.
’
Stampolidis N. Chr. - Sotirakopoulou P., “Early Cycladic Religion
and Burial Habits”, in S ahoğlu - Sotirakopoulou 2011, 86-99.
’
Steel L., Materiality and Consumption in the Bronze Age
Mediterranean, Routledge, New York and London 2013.
Steinmann B., “Spiegel oder Spendeschale?", in Hattler 2011,
100-107.
Steinmann B., “Vielfalt der Idole: Typologie und Formenreichtum
kykladischer Idolplastik”, in Hattler 2011, 175-184.
Stos-Gale A. Z., Gale H. N. and Gilmore R. G., “Early Bronze Age
Trojan metal sources and Anatolians in the Cyclades”, Oxford
Journal of Archaeology 3.3. (1984), 23-43.
Stos-Gale Z., Gale N., “An Early Bronze Age Copper Smelting
Site on the Aegean Island of Kythnos”, in Ellis-Jones J. (ed.),
Aspects of Ancient Mining and Metallurgy: Acta of a British
School at Athens Centenary Conference at Bangor, University
College of North Wales, Department of Classics, Bangor 1986,
23-29.
Stronach B. D., "The Development and Diffusion of metal types
in EBA Anatolia", AnatSt VII (1957), 89-125.
Stylianou D., “Συνέντευξη του Λεωνίδα Χαλεπά στη
Δάφνη Στυλιανού”, Greek participation in "London
Design Biennale 2016: Utopia by Design", https://
londondesignbiennalethegreekentry.wordpress.com/, and
ΟΥΤΟΠΙΑ, D. Stylianou (ed.), London Design Biennale 2016,
Greece.
Televantou Chr., "Dress-Jewellery-Adornment", in Marangou
1990, 57.
Τelevantou Chr., "Agriculture. Animal Husbandry – Hunting.
Spinning – Weaving. Tools", in Marangou 1990, 74-75.
Televantou Chr., “Strofilas: A Neolithic settlement on Andros”, in
«Horizon-Ορίζων», 43-54.
Televantou Chr., “The Early Cycladic Cemetery at Rivari on
Melos”, in «Horizon-Ορίζων», 209-215.
243
 Thimme 1976: Thimme J. (ed.), Kunst und Kultur der Kykladeninseln im 3.
Jahrtausend v. Chr, Karlsruhe: Badisches Landesmuseum 1976.
Thimme 1977: Thimme J. (ed.), Art and Culture of the Cyclades. Handbook of
an Ancient Civilization, (translated and edited by Getz-Preziosi
P.), Badisches Landesmuseum, Karlsruhe 1977.
Torrence 1979: Torrence R., “A technological approach to Cycladic blade
industries”, in Davis J.L., Cherry J.F. (eds), Papers in Cycladic
Prehistory, Los Angeles 1979, 66-86.
Torrence 1986: Torrence R., Production and Exchange of Stone Tools. Prehistoric
Obsidian in the Aegean, Cambridge 1986.
Towne-Marcus 1997: Towne-Marcus E., Capolavori del J. Paul Getty Museum,
Antichità, J. Paul Getty Museum, Los Angeles 1997.
Treuil 1983: Treuil R., Le Néolithique et le bronze ancien égéens, Paris:
Diffusion de Boccard 1983.
Tsikritsis et al. 2015: Tsikritsis M., Moussas X. and Tsikritsis D., “Astronomical and
Mathematical knowledge and calendars during the Early
Helladic Era in Aegean “Frying Pans” Vessels”, Mediterranean
Archaeology and Archaeometry 15 (2015), no. 1, 135 – 149.
Tzachili 2008: Tzachili Ι. (ed.), Aegean Metallurgy in the Bronze Age,
Proceedings of an International Symposium held at the
University of Crete, Rertymnon, Greece, on November 19-21,
2004, Ta pragmata, Athens 2008.
Voutsaki 2007: Voutsaki S., “The stone Vessels”, in Renfrew et al. 2007, 287-321.
Wagner et al. 1980: Wagner G. A., Gentner W., Gropengiesser H. and Gale N. H.,
“Early Bronze Age lead-silver mining and metallurgy in the
Aegean. The ancient workings on Sifnos”, in Scientific Studies in
the Early Mining and Extractive Metallurgy, B. M. Occ. Pap. 20,
London 1980, 63-86.
Wagner – Weisgerber 1985: Wagner G. A., Weisgerber G., Silber, Blei und Gold auf Siphnos:
Prähostorische und antike Metallproduktion, Bochum 1985.
Warner 1979: Warner J., “The Megaron and Apsidal House in EBA Western
Anatolia. New evidence from Karatas”, AJA 83 (1979), 133-147.
Warren 1969: Warren P. M., Minoan Stone Vases, Cambridge 1969.
Warren 1972: Warren P. M., Myrtos. An Early Bronze Age Settlement in Crete,
BSA Suppl. Vol. 7, London 1972.
Warren 1984: Warren P. M., “Early Cycladic-Early Minoan Chronological
Correlations”, in PC, 55-62.
Warren – Hankey 1989: Warren P.M., Hankey V., Aegean Bronze Age Chronology, Bristol
Classical Press 1989.
Wedde 1991: Wedde M., “Αegean Bronze Age Ship Imagery: Regionalisms,
a Minoan Bias, and a 'Thalassocracy”, in Laffineur R., Basch
L. (eds), Thalassa. L'Egée préhistorique et la mer. Actes de la
troisième rencontre égéenne internationale de l'Université de
Liège, Station de recherches sous-marines et océanographiques
(StaReSo), Calvi, Corse, 23-25 avril 1990. Aegaeum 7. Annales
d'archéologie égéenne de l'Université de Liège, Liège 1991,
73-94.
Wedde 2011: Wedde M., “Kykladenboot und Minoerschiff: Die Entwicklung der
frühägäischen Seefahrt”, in Hattler 2011, 74-81.
Weiberg 2007: Weiberg E., Thinking the Bronze Age: life and death in early
Helladic Greece, Uppsala 2007.
Weinberg 1965: Weinberg S. S., “The Relative Chronology of the Aegean in the
Stone and Early Bronze Age”, in Ehrich R. W. (ed.), Chronologies
in Old World Archaeology, The University of Chicago Press,
Chicago 1965, 285-320.
Whitelaw 2007a: Whitelaw T., “House, Households and Community at Early
Minoan Fournou Korifi: Methods and Models for Interpretation”,
in Westgate G., Fischer N. and Whitley J. (eds), BUILDING
COMMUNITIES: House, Settlement and Society in the Aegean
and Beyond, Proceedings of a Conference held at Cardiff
University, 17-21 April 2001, The British School at Athens,
London 2007, 65-76.
Whitelaw 2007b: Whitelaw T., “The Objectives and Methods of the 1987 Surface
Survey at Dhaskalio Kavos”, in Renfrew et al. 2007, 39-78.
Wienke-Heath 1986: Wienke Heath M., “Art and the World of the Early Bronze Age”,
in CCS VI, 69-92.

244
Wienke-Heath 2000: Wienke Heath M., Lerna. A Preclassical Site in the Argolid. The
Architecture, Stratification and Pottery of Lerna III, Vol. IV,
Princeton, New Jersey 2000.
Wilson – Eliot 1984: Wilson D. E., Eliot M., "Ayia Irini, Period III: The last phase of
occupation at the EBA settlement", in PC, 78-87.
Wilson 1999: Wilson D. E., Ayia Irini. Periods I-III. The Neolithic and Early
Bronze Age Settlements, Part 1. The Pottery and Small Finds,
Keos IX, Mainz on Rhine 1999.
Wolters 1981: Wolters P., “Marmorkoph aus Amorgos”, AM 16 (1981), 46-58.
Yu 2004: Yu C., Ancient Greece: Mortals and Immortals, Beijing 2004.
Ζachos 1990: Zachos K., "The Neolithic Period in Naxos", in Marangou 1990,
29-38.
Zachos 1996: Zachos K. L., "The Zas cave", in Papathanasopoulos G. A. (ed.),
Neolithic Culture in Greece, Athens: Nicholas P. Goulandris
Foundation - Museum of Cycladic Art 1996, 88-89.
Zafiropoulou 1968: Zafiropoulou Ph., “Cycladic finds from Keros”, AAA 1 (1968),
97–100.
Zapheiropoulou 1984: Zapheiropoulou Ph., “The Chronology of the Kampos Group”, in
PC, 31-40.
Zapheiropoulou 1990: Zapheiropoulou Ph., "Pottery", in Marangou 1990, 165-168.
Zapheiropoulou 2007a: Zapheiropoulou Ph., “Foreword”, in Renfrew et al. 2007, XVII.
Zapheiropoulou 2007b: Zapheiropoulou Ph., “The 1967 rescue project”, in Renfrew et al.
2007, 30-32.
Zapheiropoulou 2007c: Zapheiropoulou Ph., “A further note on work in 1966 and 1967”,
in Renfrew et al. 2007, 32-36.
Zapheiropoulou 2008: Zapheiropoulou Ph., “Early Bronze Age Cemeteries on Ano
Kouphonisi”, in «Horizon-Ορίζων», 183-194.
Zapheiropoulou 2017: Zapheiropoulou Ph., “The complete canonical sculpture of
Spedos variety from Dhaskalio Kavos on Keros”, in Marthari et
al. 2017, 336-344.
Zapheiropoulou – Doumas Zapheiropoulou Ph., Doumas Ch., “Earlier Work”, in Renfrew
2007: et al. 2007, 17-38.
Zaphiropoulou 1983: Zaphiropoulou Ph., “Un cimetière du Cycladique ancien à
Epano Kouphonissi”, in Les Cyclades: matériaux pour une étude
de géographie historique, Éditions du Centre National de la
Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Paris 1983, 81-87.
Zervos 1934: Zervos C., L' Art en Grèce, Paris: Éditions Cahiers d’Art 1934.
Zervos 1957: Zervos C., L’ art des Cyclades du début à la fin de l’ âge du
bronze, 2500-1100 avant notre ère, Éditions “Cahiers d’ Art”,
Paris 1957.
Zois 1973: Zois A., “A propos des gravures rupestres d’Asfendou (Crete)”,
BCH 97 (1973), 23-29.

245
 #CycladicSociety
cycladic.gr

The catalogue of the exhibition Cycladic Society

5000 years ago was published in December 2016
in 2000 copies in Greek and 500 in English.

Designed by
Bend

Produced by
Lyhnia SA

248