NOORUL IRFAN

HAZRATH SAYED AHMAD MUHYIDHEEN

NOORI SHAH SAANI JEELANI
HASANI VAL HUSAINI
JANASHEEN SILSILA NOORIYYA

C M MUHAMMED SALIH NIZAMI

PUBLISHED BY SOUTH KERALA SILSILA NOORIYYA

HAZRATH IBRAHEEM KHALEELULLA SHAH NOORI (R) DARGAH SHAREEF PARAPPURAM , KERALA
NOORUL IRFAN HAZRATH
SAYYID AHMAD MUHYIDHEEN NOORI SHAH SAANI JEELANI

BY : C M MUHAMMED SALIH MUHYADHEENI

FAZIL NIZAMI
COPIES : 1500
PRICE : HADHYA FROM KHALEELULLAH SHAH
NOORI R
First Publlication : May 2022
Published : Dhakshina Kerala Silsila Nooriyya
Parappuram dargah sharef
Kaladi po
Malappuram dt kerala
 ‫ار نار م‬ ‫& م‬

‫ر‬ ‫وا‬ ‫د‬ ‫ان ا‬

‫ذھ‬ ‫ور‬
‫د ر ول‬
‫و ذ‬
‫و م‬
‫و وث ا ظم و ور ا‬
.... ‫و زا‬ ‫و"طب ا‬
‫ا ار ء و‬ ‫و‬ ‫و رم‬
‫ ز ا‬.... ‫ا د ء م‬ ‫و‬
‫ا ور‬ $‫ا‬ ‫ن ر دي‬ ‫رة‬78 ‫ ا‬١٤٤٣/‫ وال ا رم‬/٨ : ‫ ر‬,
‫ ا ;د‬٢٠٢٢/ ‫ و‬/٨

‫ دري‬+ ‫) ا‬, - ‫) ا‬.‫ ر‬/ ‫ در ا وري ا‬+ ‫د &دا‬ ‫ م‬.) : ‫ا' ر‬

AMEER : C.M . MUHAMMED ABDUL KADER MUSLIYAR NOORI
NA-EB AMEER : ABDUL RAHEEM HABEEBI SHAH NOORI ‫ه ا وري‬ )& & ‫د &د ا ر م‬ :‫ر‬ ‫با‬

KERALA SILSILA NOORIYYA ‫ا ور‬

(SOUTH KERALA) ‫را ا و‬ ‫و‬
MARKAZ KHANKHAH NOORIYYA ‫< ور 'دي '&رم‬ ‫ ه ا ور‬+ $ ‫ر ز ا‬
MANOOR ,KALADI PO, MALAPPURAM D.T, KERALA '‫را‬
 JANASHEEN SILSILA NOORIYYA
AND SAJJADA NSHEEN
ROUZA E NOORIYYA &
ROUZA E ARIFIYYA

HAZRATH SAYED AHMAD MUHYADHEEN

NOORISHAH SAANI JEELANI (T.U)
BIRTH DAY- P-\-\w-TASMIA KHANI BAI-ATH JANASHEEN KHILAFATH & NAME
26-09-1994 MONDAY01-02-1999, MONDAY
14-05-2006,SUNDAY
02-05-2007,WEDNESDAY
02-03-2012,FRIDAY
RABEE UL THANI 1419-
20 SHAWAL 13 RABEE UL THANI RABEE
15 UL THANI 14RABEE UL THANI
AFTER MAGRIB 1427 HIJRAH 1428 HIJRAH 1433 HIJRA
 SHAIKH AND
GREAT FATHER OF
HAZRATH NOORI SHAH
SAANI JEELANI

QUTHUBUL MASHAIQ HAZRATH SAYED

MUHAMMED ARIFUDHEEN JEELANI R

BIRTH DAY- KHILAFATH FIRST HAJJ VISAL

21-06-1937 SUNDAY 1969
1962 . DECEMBER 8 SATURDAY 13 –MARCH- 2022 , SUNDAY
RABEE UL THANI 11, 1356
HIJRA 1382, RAJAB 10 10-SHAHABAN-1443. 8.25
 GREAT GRAND FATHER
OF
HAZRATH NOORI SHAH
SAANI JEELANI

NOORUL MASHAIQ HAZRATH SAYED AHMAD

MUHYADHEEN NOORI SHAH JEELANI (R)
BIRTH DAY- KHILAFATH FIRST HAJJ VISAL
07-10-1915 1942 1954 1990-NOVAMBER 3, 4.45 PM
DHULQAD 28, 1333 1361 HIJRA 1411 RABEE UL THANI 14, SATURDAY
 a-u-em-\m- A-Â- lm-Pv
kn- Fw- ap-l-½-Zv A-Ðp-Â- Jm-Zn-À- ap-kven-bm-À-
A-ao-À-: Z-£n-W- -tIc-f- kn-Â-kn-e- \q-cn-¿-

‫م " ا ر ن ا ر م‬#

ap-lyn-²o-³- -ssiJn-sâ C-cp-]-¯n-aq-¶m-as¯ ]-u-{X-cpw- Jp-Xp-_p-Â- a-jm-ln-Jv

k¿n-Zv ap-l-½-Zv B-cn-^p-²o-³- Po-em-\n- X-§-fpsS ]p-{X-\pw- k¿n-Zv A-Ò-Zv ap-lyn-
²o-³- \q-cn-jm-lv X-§-fpsS kvYm-\o-b-\p-am-b- k¿n-Zv A-Ò-Zv ap-lyn-²o-³- \q-cn-jm-
km-\n- Po-em-\n- X-§-fpsS H-cp- e-Lp- N-cn-{Xw- ]p-d-¯n-d-§p-¶p- F-¶-dn-ª-Xn-Â-
h-fsc k-t´mjn-¡p-¶p- A-Â-lw-Zp-en-Ãm-lv A-Åm-lp- k¿n-Zv \q-cn-jm-km-\n- X-
§-Ä-¡v ]q-À-W- BtcmKyt¯m-sSbp-Å- Zo-cvKm-bp-Ên-\v -thïn- Zp-B- -sN¿p-¶p-,
C-Xn-sâ A-Wn-b-d- {]-h-À-¯-I-À-¡v A-Åm-lp- A-À-l-am-b- {]-Xn-^-ew- \-Â-Ip-am-
dm-Is« B-ao-³-
 a-u-em-\m- A-Â- lm-Pv F- hn- A-Ðp-Â- d-low- l-k\n-
l-_o-_o- im-lv \q-cn-. Pm-\-io-³- kn-Â-kn-e- J-eo-en-¿-
\m-C-_v A-ao-À-: Z-£n-W- -tIc-f- kn-Â-kn-e- \q-cn-¿-

‫م " ا ر ن ا ر م‬#

F-sâ -ssiJpw- ap-À-jn-Zp-am-b- Jp-Xp-_p-Â- a-jm-ln-Jv k¿n-Zv ap-l-½-Zv B-cn-

^p-²o-³- Po-em-\n- X-§-fpsS ]p-{X-\pw- k¿n-Zv A-Ò-Zv ap-lyn-²o-³- \q-cn-jm-lv
X-§-fpsS Pm-\-jo-\p-am-b- k¿n-Zv A-Ò-Zv ap-lyn-²o-³- \q-cn-jm-km-\n- Po-em-\n-
X-§-fpsS H-cp- e-Lp- N-cn-{Xw- A-h-cpsS kzo-I-c-Wt¯mS-\p-_-Ôn-¨v ]p-d-¯n-
d-§p-¶-Xn-Â- A-Â-lw-Zp-en-Ãm-lv k-t´mjw- F-sâ ]n-Xm-hpw- am-À-K-Z-À-in-bp-
am-b- ]m-d-¸p-dw- -ssiJp-\m- C-{_m-low- J-eo-ep-Å- im-lv \q-cn- (d-) bpsS -t]cn-
Â- l-Zy- bm-bn- -sN¿p-¶- Cu- {]-h-À-¯-\w- A-Åm-lp- kzo-I-cn-¡p-am-dm-hs«..
A-Åm-lp- k¿n-Zv \q-cn-jm-km-\n- X-§-Ä-¡v ]q-À-W- BtcmKyt¯m-sSbp-Å-
Zo-cvKm-bp-Ên-\v -thïn- Zp-B- -sN¿p-¶p-, C-Xn-sâ A-Wn-b-d- {]-h-À-¯-I-À-¡v
A-Åm-lp- A-À-l-am-b- {]-Xn-^-ew- \-Â-Ip-am-dm-Is« B-ao-³-
 B-ap-Jw

{]n-btc

-_n-kvan-Ãm-lv h-Â-lw-Zp-en-Ãm-lv h-Êem-¯p-h-Êem-ap- A-em- d-kq-en-Ãm-lv ,

-\q-dp-Â- C-À-^m-³- k¿n-Zv A-Ò-Zv ap-ly-²o-³- \q-cn-jm-lv km-\n- Po-em-\n-
bpsS kzo-I-c-W-hp-am-bn- _-Ôs¸«v Z-£n-W- -tIc-f- kn-Â-kne- \q-cn-¿- {]-
kn-²o-I-cn-¡p-¶- H-cp- kv-t\-tlm]-lm-c-am-Wn-Xv. C-Xn-Â- k¿n-Zv \q-cn-jm-
km-\n-bpsS e-Lp- N-cn-{X-am-Wv -tcJs¸Sp-¯n-bn-«p-Å-Xv.
l-kvd-¯v \q-dp-Â- a-jm--CJv k¿n-Zv \q-cn-jm-lv Po-em-\n- X-§-Ä- (d-) hn-km-
ebt¸mÄ- A-hn-Sps¯ aq-¶n-sâ ]-cn-]m-Sn-bn-Â- {]-kw-Kn-¨- ]m-d-¸p-dw- -
ssiJp-\m- C-{_m-low- J-eo-ep-Å-jm-lv \q-cn- \q-dp-Â- a-jm--CJnsâ a-Zvlv ]-
d-bp-¶-Xnt\¡m-Ä- Iq-Sp-X-Â- Pm-\-jo-\m-b- B-cn-^p-²o-³- Po-em-\n-bpsS a-
Zvlm-Wv {]-kw-Kn-¨-Xv F-¶v -tI«n-«p-ïv, Im-c-Ww- \q-dp-Â- a-jm--C-Jns\ A-dn-
ª-h-cpw- A-hn-Sps¯ I-dm-a-¯p-I-Ä- a-\-Ên-em-¡n-b-h-cp-am-Wv \mw- G-Ãm-h-
cpw,-
C-\n- \mw- A-dntbï-Xv A-hn-Sps¯ ]n-³-Km-an-bpsS I-dm-a-
¯p-I-fpw- a-l-X-z-§-fp-am-Wv A-X-dn-ªp- -s]cp-am-dn-bnsæn-Â- A-Z-_v -tISp-
h-cmw-, A-XpsImïm-Imw- J-eo-ep-Å- jm-lv \q-cn- (d-) A-§s\ {]-kw-Kn-¨-
X.v
A-{]-Im-cw- k¿n-Zv ap-l-½-Zv B-cn-^p-²o-³- Po-em-\n- (d-)
bpsS a-l-X-z-hpw- I-dm-a-¯pw- \mw- A-\p-`-hn-¨-dn-ª-h-cm-Wv, C-\n- \mw- A-
dntbï-Xv A-hn-Sps¯ ]n-³-Km-an- k¿n-Zv A-Ò-Zv ap-ly-²o-³- \q-cn-jm-lv km-
\n- (a- B-) bpsS A-h-kvY-bpw- a-l-z-X-hp-am-Wv, \msaÃmw- A-hn-Sps¯
a-l-X-z-§-Ä- A-dn-bp-¶-h-cpw- a-\-Ên-em-¡n-b-h-cp-am-Wv F-¦n-epw- F-sâ a-\-
Ên-Â- - -tXm¶n-b- Nn-e- Im-cy-§-Ä- C-hnsS ]¦p-sh¡p-¶p- - F-¶p-am-{Xw.-
C-Xv A-Ãm-lp-hn-sâ ^-fvepw- A-\p-{K-l-hp-am-{X-am-Wv A-h-³-
\s½-tbhtcbpw- A-h-³- C-ãs]Sp-¶-h-cn-Â- D-fv-s]Sp-¯s«…
k¿n-Zv A-Ò-Zv ap-ly-²o-³- \q-cn-jm-lv km-\n-¡pw- \-ap-¡pw -A-Åm-lp B-^n-
b-¯p-Å- Zo-cvKm-bp-Êv \-Â-Is« A-h-cpsS Io-gn-Â- {]-h-À-¯n-¡m-³- \-ap-
¡pw- X-u-^o-Jv -sN¿s« B-ao-³-

C M ap-l-½-Zv kzm-en-lv ap-lvb²o-\n-

^m-kn-Â- \n-km-an-
 \q-dp-Â- C-À-^m-³-
k¿n-Zv A-Ò-Zv ap-lvbn-²o-³- \q-cn-im- km-\n-
Po-em-\n- X-§-Ä-

\q-dp-Â- C-À-^m-³- J-³-kp-Â- a-im-C-Jv k¿n-Zv A-Ò-Zv ap-lvbn-²o-³- \q-cn-

im- km-\n- Po-em-\n-…
Jp-Xp-_p-Â- a-im-C-Jv k¿n-Zv ap-l-½-Zv B-cn-^p-²o-³- Po-em-\n- I-A-_m-e-
b-¯n-Â- -sh¨v A-Ãm-lp-hnt\mSv -tNmZn-¨p- hm-§n-b- {]n-b- ]p-{X-³-….
\q-dp-Â- a-im-C-Jv k¿n-Zv \q-cn-jm- X-§-fpsS ]-u-{X-³….-
K-u-kp-Â- A-lvkw- ap-lvbn-²o-³ -ssiJn-sâ 23mw- -t]c-Ip-«n-…
k¿n-Zp-\m- l-ʳ- k¿n-Zp-\m- (d-) F-¶n-h-cpsS k´m-\- ]-c-
¼-c-bn-eqsS h-¶- ap-l-½-Zv ap-kvX-^- kÃ-Ãm-lp- Asseln- h- kÃ-a-
bpsS A-cp-a- k´-Xn- .
Cu- hntij-W-§sfÃmw- A-Ãm-lp- Xn-csªSp-¯v A-h-À-¡v \-Â-
In- D-¶-X-\m-¡n-b-Xm-Wv .
P-·w- -sImïv A-Ãm-lp- D-¶-X-\m-¡nsb¦n-Â- I-À-aw- -sImïpw- A-Ãm-lp-
D-¶-Xn- \-Â-In-bn-«p-ïv. _-lp-am-\s¸«- -ssiJp-\m- k¿n-Zv ap-l-½-Zv B-cn-
^p-±o-³- Po-em-\n- (d-) X-§-Ä- X-sâ A-dp-]-Xm-as¯ h-b-Ên-Â- 1993 Â- l-
Öv \n-À-Æ-ln-¨p- -sImïn-cns¡ X-z-hm-^v -sNbvX- -tijw- -s]-s«¶v a-\-Ên-
Â- D-Zn-¨-X-\p-kcn-¨v I-Av_m-e-b-¯n-Â- -sh¨v \-S-¯n-b- Zp-B-bpsS ^-e-
am-bm-bn-cp-¶p- a-lm-\m-b- Cu- Ip-ªn-sâ ]n-d-hn.-
 P-\-\w-
26-09-1994 MONDAY, RABEE UL THANI 20

\q-dp-Â- am-jm-ln-Jv k¿n-Zv \q-cn-jm- X-§-fpsS Im-e-Xv

Xs¶ B-cn-^p-²o-³- Po-em-\n-¡v B-¬- Ip-«n-I-fn-Ãm-bn-cp-¶p- A-Xn-\m-Â-
asämcp- I-eym-Ww- I-gn-¡m-\pw- A-Xn-Â- B-¬- Ip-«n- P-\n-¡psa¶pw- \q-dp-
Â- am-jm-ln-Jv \n-cv-tZin-¨n-cps¶¦n-epw- \q-dp-Â- am-jm-ln-Jv k¿n-Zv \q-cn-
jm- X-§-fpsS
hn-kz-men-\v- tij-am-Wv k¿n-Z- an-Avdm-Pv ^m-¯n-asb hn-hm-lw- I-gn-¡p-
¶-Xv At¸mÄ- B-cn-^p-²o-³- Po-em-\n-bpsS {]m-bw- A-dp-]-Xnt\mS-Sp-¯n-
cp-¶p-,
hn-hm-l- -tijw- k¿n-Z- B-bn-j-, k¿n-Z- B-an-\- F-¶o- c-ïv-s]¬-Ip-«n-
I-Ä-¡v P-·w- \-Â-In-. Xp-S-À-¶v 1993 -se l-Ön-\p- -thïn- -ssiJp-\m- X-
§-Ä- Ip-Spw-_- k-taXw- -t]mhp-I-bpw- l-Öv \n-À-Æ-ln-¨p- -sImïn-cns¡
X-z-hm-^v -sNbvX- -tijw- -s]-s«¶v a-\-Ên-Â- D-Zn-¨-X-\p-kcn-¨v I-Av_m-e-
b-¯n-Â- -sh¨v H-cp- B-¬- Ip-ªn-\v -thïn- A-Ãm-lp-hnt\mSv Zp-B- -
sNbvXp- B- Zp-B- A-Åm-lp- kzo-I-cn-¨p-, 1994 -se A-Sp-¯- l-Ön-\p- h-
cpt¼mÄ- ssiJp-\m- X-§-fpsS c-ïmw- `m-cy-bm-b- k¿n-Z- an-Avdm-Pv^m-X-
zn-a- F-¶-a-l-Xn- K-À-`n-Wn-bmbn--cp-¶p-.
A-[n-Iw- -sshImsX -26-09-1994 MONDAY d-_o-D-Â- B-Jn-dn-Â- a-lm-\m-
b- Cu- ]p-{X-³- ]n-d-hnsImÅp-I-bpw- -sNbvXp-. Jm-Zn-cn- kn-Â-kn-e-bn-Â- -
s]«- a-im-C-J-·m-cpsS Ip-Spw-_-¯n-Â- \n-¶p-Å- h-cm-Wv D-½- k¿n-Z- an-
Avdm-Pv ^m-X-zn-a-. X-sâ ]n-³-Km-an-bm-bn- X-\n-¡v A-Ãm-lp- \-Â-In-b- B-
Ip-ªn-\v ]n-Xm-hn-sâ -t]cm-b- “k¿n-Zv A-Ò-Zv ap-lvbn-²o-³”- F-¶v - -
t]cn-«p-.
B-ßo-b- -temIs¯ cm-Pm-hn-sâ -sIm«m-c-¯n-Â- cm-P-
Ip-am-cs\t¸m-se ]n-Xm-hn-sâ in-£-W-¯n-epw- X-cv_n-b-¯n-epw- kp-l-
_-¯n-epw- Cu- ]m-]n-I-fm-b- P-\-§-fpsS \-·-¡v -thïn- h-f-À-¯n-
 \q-cn- X-kvan-b-Jm-\n- (_n-kvan-Ã-) 01-02-1999, MONDAY

\m-ev h-b-Êv ]q-À-¯n-bm-b- -thf-bn-Â- -sslZ-

cm-_m-Znse ]-Xn-h-\p-kcn-¨v a-I-\v _n-kvan- -sNmÃns¡mSp-¡p-¶- N-S-§v
\-S-¯m-³- -ssiJp-\m- X-§-Ä- Xo-cp-am-\n-¡p-I-bpw- hn-]p-e-am-b- P-\-]-¦m-
fn-¯t¯m-sSbpw- a-im-C-J-·m-cpsSbpw- B-en-ao-§-fpsSbpw- km-¶n-[y-
¯n-Â- X-kvan-b-Jm-\n- F-¶- ]-cn-]m-Sn- 01-02-1999, Xn-¦-fm-gvN- kw-L-Sn-
¸n-¡s¸Sp-I-bpw- -sNbvXp-. \n-km-an-¿-bnse {]-ap-J- D-e-am-¡-fpw- -sslZ-
cm-_m-Znse {]-ap-J- a-im-C-J-·m-cpw- ]s¦Sp-¯- B- ]-cn-]m-Sn- \q-cn- a-
kvI-\nse Zm-dp-Â- l-Zo-kv kvIq-Ä-{K-u-ïn-Â- {]tXyIw- kÖ-am-¡n-b- -
thZn-bn-Â- -sh¨m-Wv \-S-¶-Xv. -sslZ-cm-_m-Znse {]-ap-J- ]-WvUn-X-\m-
b- Pm-an-A- bnse ap-^vXn- ap-l-½-Zv A-kn-ap-±o-³- km-ln-_m-
Wv _n-kvan- sNmÃns¡mSp-¯-Xv
“A-Du-Zp-, _n-kvan- , ^m-Xn-l-, C-Jvd-lv _n-kvan- , kz-em-Xv” F-¶n-h- -
sNmÃns¡mSp-¯psImïm-Wv ]-T-\-¯n-\v Xp-S-¡w- Ip-dn-¨-Xv.
tIc-f-¯n-Â- \n-¶v A-ao-dm-bn-cp-¶- l-kvd-Xv C-{_m-low- J-eo-ep-Ãm-jm-
\q-cn-bpw- {]-kvXp-X- ]-cn-]m-Sn-bn-Â- kw-_-Ôn-¡p-I-bp-ïm-bn-

TASMIA KHANI
01-02-1999, MONDAY, 1419- SHAWAL 13, AFTER MAGRIB
 \q-cn- X-kvan-b-Jm-\n- (_n-kvan-Ã-)
01-02-1999, MONDAY, 1419- SHAWAL 13, AFTER MAGRIB
 k¿n-
k¿n-Zv
Zv \q-cn-
cn-jm-
cn jm- km-
jm km-\n- bpsS -sNdp-
sNdp-{]m-
sNdp {]m-bw-
{]m bw-
bw
D-¶-X-\m-b- H-cp- B-cn-^n-sâ kl-hm-k¯n-Â- 28 h-À-j-s¯
\n-c-´-c-am-b- kp-lv_-¯n-eqsS I-SsªSp-¯- A-aq-ey- Xm-c-Iw-

_m-KvZm-Zv i-co-^nse kÖm-Z- bpsS IqsS d-u-k \q-cn-¿-bn-Â-

 hn-Zym-`ym-kw-
01-02-1999 - 2012

Zo-\n-sâ F-Ãm- hn-Úm-\taJ-e-I-fpw- ]n-Xm-hn-Â- \n-

¶v Xs¶bm-Wv ]-Tn-¨-Xv A-XpsImïv Xs¶ B-Zyt¯Xpw- A-h-km-
\t¯Xp-am-b- {]-[m-\- Kp-cp-\m-Y-³- kz-´w- ]n-Xm-hm-b- k¿n-Zv ap-l-½-Zv
B-cn-^p-±o-³- Po-em-\n- (d-) Xs¶bm-Wv.
01-02-1999, Xn-¦-fm-gvN- Pm-an-A- \n-
km-an-b- bnse ap-^vXn- ap-l-½-Zv A-fn-ap-±o-³- km-ln-_v _n-kvan- -
sNmÃns¡mSp-XpsImïv Xp-S-¡-an-«-
hn-Zym-`ym-k¯n-\v Jm-³-Jm-lnse Ip-«n-I-Ä-¡v -thïn- Xp-S-§n-b- {]m-Y-an-
I- a-{Z-Êbn-eqsSbpw- ]n-c-m-Wn-ambpsS ]-Tn-¸n-¡-en-eqsSbp-am-Wv- Xp-S-¡w-,
ln-^vkn-\p- -thïn-bm-Wp- Pm-an-A-bn-Â- {]thi-\wt\Sp-¶-Xv
Pm-an-A- B-cn-^n-b- \q-cn-¿-bn-Â- (Xmsgbp-Å- Pm-an-A- C-em-ln-¿msX \q-
cn-¿-bn-Â- a-lm-\-h-À-I-Ä- ]-Tn-¨n-«n-Ã- )]-et¸mgm-bn- -t]mbn-cps¶¦n-epw-
-ssiJp-\m- X-§-fpsS Xn-c-¡p-I-fpw- ]-cn-]m-Sn-I-fpw- Im-c-Ww- \q-cn-jm-km-
\n- kÀ-¡m-cn-\v Iq-Sp-X-epw- Pm-an-A-bn-Â- ]-Xn-hm-bn- -t]mIm-³- I-gn-bm-
dn-Ã- A-Xv -sImïv ho-«n-Â- \n-¶p-Å- ]-T-\-am-Wv ap-S-§msX \-S-¶n-cp-¶-
Xv
- A-Xn-\m-bn- kpsseam-³- _m-J-hn- -sbbpw- ap-\o-dp-²o-³- \n-km-ansbbpw-
Jm-³-Jm-ln-Â- h-¶p- a-Is\ ]-Tn-¸n-¡m-³- ssiJp-\m- X-§-Ä \ntbmKn-
¨p-.
Pm-an-A-bnse ^m-kn-en-Â- ]-Tn-¸n-¡p-¶- In-Xm-_p-I-Ä- ]-Tn-
¸n-¡m-³- Xp-S-§n-bt¸mÄ- kpsseam-³- _m-J-hn-bpw- a-äp- J-eo-^-am-cpw-
_n-cp-Z-¯n-\p- -thïn- Pm-an-A- \n-km-an-b-bn-Â- ^m-kn-Â- ]-co-£- F-gp-Xn-
¸n-¡m-³- -ssiJp-\tbmSv k½-X-am-cm-ªp-
^m-kn-en-epw- Im-an-en-ep-ap-Å- In-Xm-_p-I-Ä- ]-Tn-¸n-¨m-Â- a-Xn-
Un-{Kn- -thWsa¶n-Ã- F-¶- \n-e-]m-Sn-Â- A-Xv \n-c-kn-¨psImïv
kpsseam-³- _m-J-hn- -tbmSv ]-Tn-¸n-¡-Â- Xp-S-cm-³- B-h-iys¸«p- A-
§s\ I-eym-W-¯n-sâ Xte¶v Jn-em-^-Xv e-`n-¡p-¶-Xv hsc ]-T-\w-
Xp-S-À-¶p- -sImïn-cp-¶p-.
-ssiJp-\m- X-§-Ä- X--sâ {]n-b- ]p-{X-sâ -tim`-\- `m-hn- - ap-³-Iq-«n- Xn-cn-
¨-dn-ªn-cp-¶p-, -ssiJp-\m- X-§-Ä- ]-et¸mgpw- ]-d-ª-hm-¡p-I-fn-Â- \n-
¶-Xv hy-à-am-Wv
Cu- a-I-³- \msf H-cp- h-en-b- P-\-k©-b-¯n-sâ -t\Xm-hm-Ipw-
F-¶-dn-bp-¶- -ssiJp-\m- H-cn-¡-Â- ]-d-bp-I-bp-ïm-bn-
“- F-sâ a-Is\ Pm-an-A-bn-Â- ]-Tn-¸n-¡m-³- B-
{K-ln-¡p-¶n-Ã- Im-c-Ww- \msf ]-e-cpw- F-sâ in-jy-\m-Wv F-¶- hm-Z-hp-
am-bn- h-cpw-” F-¶v.

H-cn-¡-Â- -ssiJp-\m- X-§-Ä- a-Is\ ]-Tn-¸n-¡p-¶- In-Xm-_p-Isf¸-än-

kpsseam-³- _m-Jn-bm-hntbmSv -tNmZn-¨-dn-bp-¶-Xn-\n-S-bn-Â- kpsseam-³-
_m-Jn-bm-hntbmSv {]n-b- ]-{Xs\ Nq-ïn- ]-d-ªp-
“ $ %&‫ و ( را م آ‬$ %) * %( ‫” ب ا‬
“Ct±lw- Xn-f-§p-¶- Zn-h-kw- h-cpt¼mÄ- \n-§-fpsS -t]cpw- ]-d-
bs¸Spw-” F-¶v .
a-I-\v `m-hn-bn-Â- h-¶p- -tNcm-\p-Å- kvYm-\w- -t\-sc-s¯ A-dn-ª- -
ssiJp-\m-bpsS -Zo-À-L-ho-£-W-§-fn-Â- \n-¶p-Å- hm-¡p-I-fm-Wn-
hsbÃmw- -
 ss_A-¯v
2006 -sabv 14 , d-_o-D-Êm-\n- 15 , ln-Pvd- 1427 , Rm-b-dm-gvN-

Jp-Xp-_p-Â- a-jm-ln-Jv k¿n-Zv B-cn-^p-²o-³- Po-em-

\n- k¿n-Zv \q-cn-jm-km-\n- P-\n-¨-Xp-ap-X-Â- kztZi-¯msW¦n-epw- hntZi-
¯msW¦n-epw- C-S-hn-SmsX X-sâ kl-hm-k¯n-epw- X--À-_n-b-¯n-epw-
h-f-À-¯n-,
a-{Z-Ê hn-Zym-`ym-khpw- Pm-an-A- bn-Â- ]-Tn-¸n-¡p-¶- In-Xm-_p-I-
fpw- {]-[m-\am-bpw- -ssiJp-\m-bpsS -taÂt\m«-¯n-Â- kpsseam-³- _m-J-
hn- bpsSbpw- ap-\o-dp-²o-³- \n-km-an-bpsSbpw- -taÂt\m«-¯n-Â- -ssiJp-
\m-bpsS ho-«n-Âsh¨p-Xs¶ ]-Tn-¸n-¨p-, -
ss_A-¯n-\p- {]m-b-am-bt¸mÄ- -
-2006 -sabv 14 , d-_o-D-Êm-\n- 15 , ln-Pvd- 1427 , Rm-b-dm-gvN-, \q-dp-Â- am-
jm-ln-Jn-sâ D-dq-kn-sâ Zn-h-kw- cm-hnse k´-en-\v -tijw-, J-hm-en-¡v
ap-³-]m-bn- -ss_¯p-Â- B-cn-^nse lm-fn-Â- -sh¨v k¿n-Zv \q-cn-im-km-
\n-bpw- k-tlmZ-cn-am-cpsS a-¡-fm-b- ssk^p-²o-³- ]m-j- , A-Ðp-Â- A-
ko-kv J-À-aq-jn- F-¶n-h-À- Jp-Xp-_p-Â- a-jm-ln-Jn-sâ -ssI]n-Sn-Nv -
ss_A-¯v -sNbvXp-, -ss_¯p-Â- B-cn-^nse "Zo-hm-³- Jm-\-" bn-Â- -
sh¨v kpsseam-³- _m-J-hn-bpw- C-{_m-low- _m-J-hn-bpw- \q-cn-jm-km-
\n-¡pw- a-äp- c-ïv -t]À-¡pw- Zn-IvÀ- \-Â-Ip-I-bpw- -sNbvXp-.
(J-hm-en- \-S-¡m-\p-ïm-b-Xv -sImïm-Wv Zn-IvÀ- \-Â-Im-³- Zo-hm-³- Jm-\-
bnte¡v -sImïv -t]mbn- Zn-IvÀ- \-Â-Im-³- -ssiJp-\m- X-§-Ä- A-htcmSv
]-d-ª-Xv)
 2007

kn-Â-kn-e- \q-cn-¿-bpsS Pm--\-jo-\m-bn- \ntbmKn-¡p-¶p-

ln- Pvd- 1428)
ln-Pv
(02-05-2007ln

k¿n-Zv \q-cn-jm- km-\n-¡v 14 h-b-Êm-bt¸mÄ- 02-05-2007, _p-[-\m-gvN-, d-_o-

D-Â- B-Jn-À- 14 , ln-Pvd- 1428 \p- kn-Â-kn-e- \q-cn-¿-bpsS P-\-jo-\m-bn- Jp-Xp-
_p-Â- a-jm-ln-Jv k¿n-Zv B-cn-^p-²o-³- Po-em-\n- \ntbmKn-¨p-, A-¶v Po-hn-¨n-
cp-¶- {]-ap-J- Jp-e-^m-¡-fpsS km-¶n-[y-¯n-em-bn-cp-¶p- {]-Jym-]-\w-. -tIc-f-
¯n-Â- \n-¶v A-¶v A-ao-dm-bn-cp-¶- Iq-«m-bn-Jm-kn- J-eo-^-
\q-cn-bpw- {]-kn-U-âv J-eo-^- bq-k^v \n-km-an-jm-lv kp-lq-
cn-bpw- ]s¦Sp-¯-h-cn-Â- {]-ap-J-cm-bn-cp-¶p-

2007

k¿n-Zv \q-cn-jm- km-\nsb Pm-\-jo-\m-¡n-btijw- \-S-¶- {]-`m-j-W-¯n-Â-

A-Ðp-Â- d-low- J-À-aq-jn- Im-an-Â- \n-km-an- {]-`m-j-Ww- \-S-¯p-¶p- A-ao-dm-bn-
cp-¶- Iq-«m-bn- Jm-kn- ]n-hn- A-Ðp-Å-Ip-«n -a-JvZq-an- kao-]w -(02-05-2007)
 Pm-\-jo-\m-b tijw- B-Zy-am-bn- -tIc-f-¯nse¯n-b- k¿n-Zv \q-cn-jm-lv km-\n-
kzo-I-c-Ww- (]m-d-¸p-dw- J-eo-ep-Å- jm-lv \q-cn- D-dq-kn-Â- (2007)

2007

Pm-\-jo-\m-b tijw- B-Zy-am-bn- -tIc-f-¯nse¯n-b- k¿n-Zv \q-cn-jm-lv km-\n- X-§sf

A-ao-À- Iq-«m-bn- Jm-kn- \q-cn
cn ]m-d-¸p-dw- J-eo-ep-Å- jm-lv \q-cn- D-dq-kn-Â-
shNv kzo-I-c-Ww- \-Â-Ip-¶p- (2007) -
2007

kzo-I-c-W- -tijw-
{]-`m-j-Ww- \n-À-h-ln-
¡p-¶-
kn-Â-kn-e- \q-cn-¿- Pm-\-
io-³- k¿n-Zv A-Ò-Zv ap-
ly-²o-³- \q-cn- jm-lv
km-\n- Po-em-\n- X-§-Ä-
(2007)
 2007
Jn-em-^-¯pw- hn-hm-l-hpw
( 02-03-2012,FRIDAY))

Jp-Xp-_p-Â- a-jm-ln-Jv k¿n-Zv B-cn-^p-²o-³- Po-em-\n- X-sâ X-À-_n-¿-¯n-Â-

kz-´w- I-¬-ap-¼n-Â- hm-Às¯Sp-¯- a-I-sâ I-gn-hp-I-Ä- Xn-cn-¨-dn-ªt¸mÄ- -
ssiJpw- ]n-Xm-hp-am-b- k¿n-Zv B-cn-^p-²o-³- Po-em-\n- a-I-\v Jn-em-^-Xv \-Â-
Ip-hm-³- Xo-cp-am-\n-¨p-,
X-sâ ]n-Xm-hpw- -ssiJp-am-b- \q-dp-Â- am-jm-ln-Jv hn-hm-l-¯n-
sâ Xte¶v X-\n-¡v Jn-em-^-Xv \-Â-In-b-Xv {]-Im-cw- X-sâ a-I-\pw- hn-hm-l-
¯n-sâ XteZn-h-kw- 02-03-2012, -shÅn-bm-gvN- d-_o-D-Â- B-Jn-À- 8, ln-Pvd-
1433 \p- Jn-em-^-¯pw- Jn-À-¡-bpw- \-Â-Ip-I-bpw- “\ \q-cn-
cn-jm-
cn jm-lv
jm km-\n-” F-¶-
lv km-
kvYm-\t¸cpw- \-Â-In- B-Z-cn-¡p-I-bpw- -sNbvXp- -sImïv ap-kvenw- D-½-¯n-sâ
D-¶-a-\-¯n-\p- -thïn- ka-À-¸n-¨p- \n-c-h-[n- a-l-¯p-¡-Ä- ]s¦Sp-¯- Jn-em-^-
Xv N-S-§n-Â- -tIc-f-¯n-Â- \n-¶v {]-kn-U-âv J-eo-^- bq-k^v \n-km-an-jm-lv
kp-lq-cn-bpw- A-ao-À- am-Wq-À- Jm-kn- J-eo-^- kn- Fw- A-Ðp-Â- Im-Zn-À- ap-
kven-bm-À- \q-cn-bpw- ]s¦Sp-¯-h-cn-Â- {]-ap-J-cm-bn-cp-¶p-
Jn-em-^-Xv N-S-§p-I-Ä- I-gn-ªp-Å- -sXm«-Sp-¯- Zn-h-kam-bn-cp-¶p- a-
lm-\-h-À-I-fpsS hn-hm-lw, - k¿n-Zv \q-cn-im-lv km-\n-(X-z-) X-§-fpsS am-Xm-hp-
am-bn- Ip-Spw-_- _-Ô-ap-Å- H-cp- Ip-Spw-_-¯n-Â- \n-¶m-bn-cp-¶p- h-[p- k¿n-Z-
ap-\- d-Òm-³-. -sslZ-cm-_m-Znse {]-K-Û-cm-b- ]-WvUn-X-cpw- -t\Xm-¡-fpw- Jp-e-
^m-¡-fpw- ap-co-Z-·m-cpw- km-[m-c-W-¡m-cpw- ]s¦Sp-¯- h-fsc hn-`p-e-am-b- hn-
hm-l-am-bn-cp-¶p-

2012 Jn-em-^-Xv e-`n-¨- -tijw-

B-Zy-am-bn-
-tIc-f-¯nse¯n-b-
k¿n-Zv \q-cn-jm-lv km-\n-
X-§sf A-ao-À- am-Wq-À-
kn-Fw- A-Ðp-Â- Im-Zn-À- ap-
kven-bm-À- ]m-d-¸p-dw- J-eo-
ep-Å- jm-lv \q-cn- D-dq-kn-
Â- - (2012) shNv kzo-I-c-
Ww- \-Â-Ip-¶p-
 l-Öv
1993 -se l-Ön-Â- A-Ãm-lp-hnt\mSv H-cm-¬- Ip-«n-¡v -thïn- -ssiJp-
\m- X-§-Ä- Zp-B- -sN¿p-I-bpw- 1994 –se A-Sp-¯- l-Ön-Â- D-½- l-Öv -
sN¿pt¼mÄ- Cu- -s]m¶ptam³- A-h-cpsS K-cv`-¯n-em-bn-cp-¶p-, P-\-\-¯n-
\p- -tijw- 1995 Â- Ip-«n-bm-bn-cns¡bm-Wv D-¸tbmSpw- D-½tbmSpsam¸w-
B-Zy- l-Öv \n-À-h-ln-¡p-¶-Xv Xp-S-À-¶v F-Ãm- h-À-j-hpw- l-Ön-\p- -
t]mIp-am-bn-cp-¶p- 28 h-b-Ên-\n-S-¡v -tIh-ew- aqt¶m \mtem l-Öv am-
{Xta H-gn-hm-bn-«p-Åp-.. A-Y-hm- 28 h-b-Ên-Â- 25 lsÖ¦n-epw- -sNbvXn-«p-
ïv Hmtcmh-À-j-hpw- C-S-hn-SmsX Dw-d-¡pw- -t]mhm-dm--Wv ]-Xn-hv -sIm-
tdmW- ka-b-Xv am-{Xta ap-S-§n-bns«mÅp- .
]n-Xm-hm-b- k¿n-Zv B-cn-^p-²o-³- Po-em-\n-bpsS hn-km-en-sâ -tijw- 2022
G-{]n-en-epw- D-¸-bn-ÃmsX B-Zy- Dw-d-¡v -thïn- k-tlmZ-c-§-fm-b- lm-^n-
kv k¿n-Zv ap-l-½-Zv a-fvl-dp-²o-³- Po-em-\n-, k¿n-Zv ap-l-½-Zv iw-kp-²o-³-
Po-em-\n- , lm-^n-kv k¿n-Zv ap-l-½-Zv K-u-kp-²o-\v Po-em-\n-. F-¶n-htcm-
sSm¸w- -t]mbn-. {]-hm-kn-I-fm-b- ap-co-Z-·m-À- Du-jva-f- kzo-I-c-Ww- \-Â-In-
]p-Xn-b- ]n-³-Km-ansb B-Z-cn-¨p-, a-Zo-\-bn-Â- -shNv ku-Zn- Atd_y-¡m-c-\m-
b- ap-co-Zv -sjbvJv \-_o-en-\v Jn-em-^-Xv \-Â-In- B-Z-cn-¡p-I-bpw- -sNbvXp-.
Iq-SmsX \n-km-ao-jm-lv kp-lq-cn-, \-hm-ko-jm-lv kp-lq-cn- , kpsseam-
³- _m-J-hn-, C-{_m-low- ap-kven-bm-À- Ip-än-¡m-«q-À-, ]m-d-¸p-dw- A-Ðp-Â- d-
low- l-k\n-, -s]m¶m-\n- A-Ðp-Â- K-^q-À- ap-kven-bm-À-, lpss-k³- ap-kven-
bm-À _m-J-hn-, A-_p-Â- \m-kn-À- B-cn-^n-, iw-kp-²o-³- B-cn-^n-, lm-cn-kv
B-cn-^n- Xp-S-§n-b-h-cpw- J-eo-^-am-cpw- ap-co-Z-·m-cpw- A-htcm-sSm¸w- Dw-d-
bn-Â- ]-¦p-sImïp.- k¿n-Zv B-cn-^p-²o-³- Po-em-\n-bpsS Cu- ]n-³-Km-an-bn-
Â- A-Ûp-Z-§-fpw- ]p-Xp-a-I-fpta-sdbp-ïv A-Ãm-lp- B- -ss^km-³-
Fs¶¶pw- \n-e-\n-À-¯n-¯-cp-am-dm-hs«.

-sNdn-b- {]m-b-¯n-Â- l-Ön-\p- - a-kvPn-Zp-¶-_-hn-bn-Â- a-kvPn-Zp-Â- l-d-an-Â

thïn- C-lvdmw- -sNbvXt¸mÄ- (Dw-d- 2022)
 k¿n-Zv \q-cn-jm-lv km-\n- Po-em-\n--bpw aq-¯-a-I-³-
k¿n-Zv ap-l-½-Zv B-cn-^p-²o-³- Po-em-\n- km-\n- bpw-

k¿n-Zv \q-cn-jm-lv km-\n- Po-em-\n--bpw k-tlmZ-c-§-fm-b-

lm-^n-kv k¿n-Zv ap-l-½-Zv a-fvl-dp-²o-³- Po-em-\n-, k¿n-Zv ap-l-½-Zv iw-kp-
²o-³- Po-em-\n- , lm-^n-kv k¿n-Zv ap-l-½-Zv K-u-kp-²o-\v Po-em-\n-. F-¶n-
htcm-sSm¸w-
 \n-g-em-bv
A-¶pw- C-¶pw- F-¶pw-
k¿n-Zv ap-l-½-Zv B-cn-^p-²o-³- Po-em-\n-bpsS hntbmKt¯m-sS H-cp- D-¶-X- Im-e-L-«-¯n-\p-
hn-cm-a- am-Ipt¼mÄ- \s½ A-\m-Y-cm-¡n-bn-Ã- F-¶-Xm-Wv ssiJp-\m- X-§-Ä- \t½mSv -sNbvX-
G-ä-hpw- h-en-b- A-\p-{K-lw-,
28 h-À-jw- \n-g-Â- -t]m-se H-cm-Ä- X-§tfm-sSm¸w- \-S-¡p-¶p-ïm-bn-cp-¶p- -ssiJp-\m-
k¿n-Zv \q-cn- im-km-\n- F-¶- \n-g-Â-.
ssiJp-\m- X-§-Ä- A-h-Às¡Ãmw- ]-I-À-¶p- \-Â-In- G-ItZiw- X-§-Ä- bm-{X-bm-Ip-¶-
Xn-\pw- 15 h-À-jw- ap-¼v 2007 Â- B- \n-g-Â- ]q-À-W-X- -ssIh-cn-¨t¸mÄ- X-sâ ]n-³-Km-an-bm-bn-
\n-Ý-bn-¨p-. ]ns¶bpw- B- {]-bm-Ww- Xp-S-À-¶p- -sImïn-cp-¶p- ssiJp-\m- X-§-fpsS A-h-km-\-
bm-{X-hsc,
C-¶n-Xm- B- \n-g-Â- {]-Im-i-am-bn- D-Zn-¨p-b-À-¶n-cn-¡p-¶p- \q-dp-Â- ajm-ln-Jn-sâ, Jp-
Xp-_p-Â- ajm-ln-Jn-sâ ]m-X-bn-Â-.
\-a-p-¡v A-Wn-\n-c-¡mw- A-h-cpsS ]n-¶n-Â,- \q-cn- -ss^km-\pw- B-cn-^n- -ss^km-\pw- H-cp-an-¨p- -
t\Smw- B- kp-lv_-¯n-Â- \n-¶,v C-³-im-A-Ãm-lv . ….
 A-km-
km-[m-
km [m-c-Ww-
[m Ww- Cu-
Ww Cu- Ip-
Ip-«n-
«n-¡m-
«n ¡m-ew
¡m ew-
k¿n-Zv \q-cn-jm- km-\n- bpsS Ip-«n-¡m-ew- kÃ-Åm-lp-Asseln-h-kÃ-a-
bpsS Ip-«n-¡m-es¯ Hm-cvan-¸n-¡p-¶-Xm-Wv, I-f-hv ]-d-bm-dn-Ã-, Iq-«p-Im-cp-am-
bn- A-Sn-]n-Sn- Iq-Sm-dn-Ã-, A-\m-h-iy- hm-¡p-I-Ä- D-]tbmKn-¡m-dn-Ã-, -thïm-
¯- I-fn-Itfm Iq-«psI-t«m C-Ã-. I-fn-bn-emsW¦n-Â- -t]mepw- a-äp-Å-hsc
I-fn-bm-¡p-Itbm ]-cn-l-kn-¡p-Itbm -sN¿n-Ã-. C-§s\ Xp-S-§n- Ip-«n-I-Ä-
¡p-ïm-hp-¶- H-cp- No-¯- kz-`m-h-hpw- A-h-cn-ep-ïm-bn-cp-¶n-Ã- A-Xv-sImïv
Xs¶bm-Wv k¿n-Zv \q-cn-jm- km-\n-bpsS G-ä-hpw- A-Z-_p-Å- A-\n-bm-bn-I-
Ä- A-hn-Sps¯ I-fn-¡q-«p-Im-cm-bn- am-dn-b-Xv,
G-ä-hpw- Iq-Sp-X-Â- A-Sp-¯-dn-bp-¶-h-cm-WtÃm Iq-«p-Im-À,- A-h-À-¡-dn-bm-¯-
c-l-ky-§-fp-ïm-hn-Ã- ,
H-cm-Ä- \-Ã-XmtWm No-¯-bmtWm F-¶-dn-bp-¶-Xv Iq-«p-Im-À-¡m-Wv, C-
hnsSbm-Wv \mw- k¿n-Zv \q-cn-jm-km-\nsb Xn-cn-¨-dn-bp-¶-Xv.
At±lt¯m-sSm¸w- \-S-¡p-¶- Iq-«p-Im-À- hn-i-z-kn-¡p-¶-Xv At±lw- A-Ãm-
lp-hn-sâ h-en-¿pw- Im-an-em-b- -ssiJp-amsW¶m-Wv.
Cu- B-[p-\n-I- Im-e-¯v C-Xpt]m-sebp-Å- Ip-«n-Isfbpw- -ssiJns\bpw-
hm-Às¯Sp-¡m-³- I-gn-bpw- F-¶-Xm-Wv k¿n-Zv B-cn-^p-²o-³- Po-em-\n- \-ap-
¡v Im-Wn-¨p- X-¶-Xv
Iq-Sp-X-epw- Jp-Xp-_p-Â- am-jm-ln-Jv (d-) Zo-\n- X-_veo-Kn-\p- -thïn-bp-Å- bm-
{X-I-fn-em-bn-cn-¡p-apïm-hp-I- F-Ãm- bm-{X-I-fn-epw- a-Is\bpw- -sImïv -
t]mIpw- H-cp- ka-bw- -t]mepw- a-Is\ hn-«p-]n-cn-bm-dn-Ã- A-Xv Xs¶bm-Wv
A-hnsS-s¯ hn-P-b-hpw-, GsXmcp- ap-co-Zm-bm-epw- F-{X- h-À-jw- X-sâ -
ssiJnt\mSv kl-h-kn-¨p- F-¶-h-Im-is¸«m-epw- Zn-h-k§-fpsS-tbm am-
k§-fpsS-tbm C-Sthf-I-Ä- h-cm-³- km-[y-X-bp-ïv, ]s£ k¿n-Zv \q-cn-jm-
km-\n- bpsS kl-hm-kw- A-§s\b-Ã- Xm-³- P-\n-¨-Xp-ap-X-Â- C-¶-hn-
Sps¯ {]m-b-am-b- 28 h-cvjw- H-cp- C-Sthft]mep-an-ÃmsX l-f-dn-epw- k^-dn-
epw- X-sâ -ssiJn-sâ kl-hm-k¯n-epw- -t\m«-¯n-ep-am-bn-cp-¶p- A-Y-hm-
Xm-³- Po-hn-¨- B-bp-Ê{X-bpw- X-sâ -ssiJn-sâ \n-g-en-em-bn-cp-¶p- F-¶-À-
°w-.
Cu- 28 h-cvjw- D-W-cp-¶-Xpw- D-d-§p-¶-
Xpw- X-sâ -ssiJn-sâ ap-Jw- I-ïn-«m-Wv C-{X-bpw- Zo-À-L-Im-ew- C-Xpt]m-
se kp-lv_s¯Sp-¯- H-cp- Pm-\-ios\ kn-kn-e \q-cn-¿-¡v \-evIn-bn-«m-Wv
k¿n-Zv B-cn-^p-²o-³- Po-em-\n- Cu- -temIt¯mSv bm-{X- ]-d-ª-Xv .
 I-dm-a-¯v

k¿n-Zv \q-cn- jm-lv km-\n- bpsS h-en-b-

I-dm-a-¯v F-sâ A-\n-b-³-
Dr ^-kep-Ã-bpsS h-^m-¯n--sâ ka-b-¯p-ïm-
b- A-Ûp-X-§-Ä- Xs¶bm-Wv
kvIq-Ä- hn-Zym-`ym-k¯n-\p- -tijw- bq-\m-\n- -
saUn-kn-\v ]-Tn-¡m-³- -ssiJp-\m- X-§-fpsS
kvYm-]-\-am-b- A-Â- B-cn-^v bq-\m-\n- -saUn-¡-
Â- -tIm-tfPn-Â- -tNÀ-¶p-
A-hnsS -sh¨m-Wv k¿n-Zv \q-cn-jm-km-\n-bp-am-bn- A-Sp-¸-¯n-em-Ip-¶-Xv -sshIpt¶c-
§-fn-Â- hym-bm-a-¯n-\p- -thïn- bp-Å- I-fn- I-gn-ªm-Â- I-fn-¡q-«p-Im-À-Iv -thïn- A-
ev]w- X-A-eo-ap-ïm-hpw- A-XptI«v A-Xn-Â- B-Ir-ã-\m-b- ^-kÂ- \q-cn-jm- km-\n- -
bpsS B-in-¡m-bn- am-dp-I-bpw- kvYn-c-am-bn- km-\n- kÀ-¡m-cn-sâ X-cv_n-b-¯n-epw- X-
Ëo-an-ep-am-bn- am-dn- -tIm-tfPv ]-T-\w- I-gn-ªm-Â- -ssiJp-\m- kÀ-¡m-cn-sâ kp-l-_-
¯n-em-bn- ]-T-\w- apt¶mSv -sImïv -t]mbn- A-h-km-\- h-À-j-¯n-em-Wv B-Zy-am-bn- Im-
en-Â- H-cp- ap-g-bm-bn- A-kp-J-¯n-\v Xp-S-¡-am-hp-¶-Xv A-Xv Hm-¸tdj-³- -sNbvXp- \o-
¡nsb¦n-epw- ]n-¶o-Sv ho-ïpw- h-¶p-, ho-ïpw- Hm-¸tdj-³- -sNbvXpsh¦n-epw- A-Xv
Iym-\vkdm-bn- am-dn-bn-«p-ïm-bn-cp-¶p-, A-kp-Jw- Xn-cn-¨-dn-ª-Xv B-Zyw- A-h-³-
Xs¶bm-Wv -saUn-¡-Â- hn-Zym-À-°n-bm-b- A-h-¶v B-cpw- ]-d-ªpsImSpt¡ï-Xn-
ÃtÃm. Rm-³- Ip-Spw-_-¯nse H-cp-hn-hm-l-¯n-\p- am-Wq-À- a-{Z-Ê lm-fn-Â- \n-Â-
¡pt¼mÄ- dn-kÄ-«p-am-bn- Nn-cn-¨p- -sImïv ^-kÂ- Ft¶mSv h-¶p- ]-d-ªp- "dn-
kÄ-«v In-«n-"
Nn-cn-I-ïs¸m kam-[m-\t¯m-sS "Ip-g-¸sam¶p-an-ÃtÃm -tÃ" F-¶v
Rm-³- Xn-cn-¨p- -tNmZn-¨p- A-Xn-\pw- ]p-©n-cntbm-sS a-dp-]-Sn- X-¶p- "-sNdnsbmcp-
Iym-\vkdn-sâ e-£-Ww- Im-Wp-¶p-ïv" H-cp- \n-an-jw- Rm-³- h-Ãm-Xm-bn- ho-ïpw- A-
h-³- Xp-S-À-¶v ]-d-ªp- "km-en-¡- C-Xv BtcmSpw- ]-d-b-ï- -sNdnsbmcp- {]-iv\sa-
sÃÅq- A-Xv am-dpw-" -tNmZn-¡p-¶-htcmSv knw-]n-fm-bn- ]-d-ªm- a-Xn- F-¶pw- ]-d-
ªp- ]-d-ªt]m-se Rm-³- ho-«n-epw- Im-cy-am-bn- ]-d-ªn-Ã-, ]s£ Nn-In-Õbpw- -
tdUntbj-\pw- Hm-¸tdj-\pw- ho-ïpw- -sNbvXp- At¸mgpw- k-tlmZ-c-§-Ä-¡v ams{X-
ta hn-h-cw- -t\cm-bn- A-dn-bp-¶p-ïm-bn-cp-¶p-Åp- ]s£ F-Ãm- Im-cy-§-fpw- s - siJp-
\m- km-\n- kÀ-¡m-cp-am-bn- A-h-³- ]-¦p- -sh¨v -sImïn-cp-¶p- B- _-e-¯n-Â- A-kp-J-
am-b-Xv ap-X-Â- A-h-³- ]-d-bp-¶- hm-¡p-I-Ä- C-Xm-Wv "\-½psS {]-bm-k§-Ä- A-Åm-
lp- am-{Xw- A-dn-ªm-Â- a-Xn- A-ht\mSv ]-d-bp-I- A-h-³- F-´p- -sN¿m-\mtWm C-
ãs¸Sp-¶-Xv A-Xv \-½-fpw- C-ãs¸Sp-I-" A-kp-Jw- am-dn- ho-ïpw- ]-T-\-¯n-\v -thïn- -
ssl-sZcm-_m-Znte¡v -t]mbn-
-ss^\-Â- ]-co-£- ^-kväv ¢m-Êtm-sS ]m-Êm-bn- -sslZ-cm-_m-Zn-Â- H-cp- -
tlmkv]n-ä-en-Â- -slukv kÀ-P-³-kn- ¡v -tNÀ-¶t¸mgm-Wv A-kp-Jw- ho-
ïpw- X-e- -s]m¡p-¶-Xv
ho-ïpw- \m-«n-Â- h-¶p- {So-äv -saâv Xp-S-§nsb¦n-epw- ^-ew- A-Isebm-bn-
cp-¶p-. B- C-S-¡v -tIm«-b-¯p-Å- H-cp- -tUmÎ-À- Nn-In-evkn-¨t¸m B-i-zm-kw-
-Iïv Xp-S-§n- ]s£ c-ïp- am-kam-bt¸mÄ- B- -tUmÎ-dv a-c-Ws]«p- . F-
Ãm-h-cn-epw- \n-cm-i- ]-S-À-¶t¸mÄ- D-½tbmSv A-h-³- -tNmZn-¨p-
“tUmÎ-dv a-c-Ws]«s¸m \n-M-fpsS a-\-Êv F-´p- ]-d-bp-¶p-” F-¶v B-Zyw-
H-cp- hn-j-aw- -tXm¶n- F-¶v ]-d-ªt¸m-tg¡pw- A-h-\v-sS a-dp-]-Sn- h-¶p-
“D-½m- \n-M-fpsS Cu-am-³- i-cn-bm-bn-«n-Ã- A-Åm-lp- \s½ ]-co-£n-
¡p-I-bm-Wv -tUmÎ-À- H-cp- k_-_v am-{X-am-Wv k_-_mtWm A-Ãm-lp-
hmtWm -? i-m-^nF-¶v - A-Ãm-lp-hn-sâ `m-K-¯p-\n-¶p-Å- ]-co-£-W-am-Wn-
Xv”
-thZ-\- -sImïv ]p-f-bpt¼mÄ- I-¨n-¯p-cp-¼pt]m-se In-«n-b- H-cp- -tUmÎ-À- a-
c-Ws¸«t¸mÄ- -sNdp-¸-¡m-c-\m-b- H-cp- -tcmKn-bpsS Np-ïn-Â- \n-¶v ]q-À-h-
kq-cn-I-fm-b- a-lm-\-am-cpsS hm-¡p-Isf -t]m-se ]-d-bm-³- ]-äp-¶psh¦n-Â-
A-Xv Cu- \q-cn-jm-km-\n-bpsS kp-lv_-¯n-\v-sS ^-ew- am-{X-am-Wv . k¿n-Zv
\q-cn- jm-lv km-\n- ]-et¸mgpw- ho-Untbm Im-Ä- hn-fn-¡pw- A-ht\mSv kw-
km-cn-¡pw-, -sslZ-cm-_m-Zn-Â- -t]mbn-«pw- I-ïp- F-Ãm- Im-cy-§-fpw- Xp-d-¶p-
]-d-ªn-cp-¶p- At¸mÄ- A-ht\mSv -ssiJp-\m- k¿n-Zv \q-cn-jm-lvkm-\n- ]-d-
ªp-
“h-cp-¶-Xv h-cs« ln-½t¯m-sS \n-Â-¡-Ww- A-Åm-lp- A-h-sâ A-Sn-a-bn-Â-
C-ã-ap-Å-Xv -sN¿s« -s]mdp-XntISv Im-Wn-¡-cp-Xv”
A-kp-Jw- Iq-Sn-.. Ip-Spw-_-¡m-À- ]-e-cpw- Im-W-Ww- F-¶m-bn- ^-kÂ- -
t\mSv k½-Xw- -tNmZn-¨t¸mÄ-
“Cu- cq-]-¯n-Â- Fs¶ I-ïm-Â- A-h-À-¡v k¦-Sm-hpw- A-Xv A-Ãm-lp-hn-sâ
Xo-cp-am-\-¯nt\mSp-Å- C-ã-¡p-d-hm-Ipw- A-Xv-sImïvv -thï-, Rm-³- lm-¸n-
bm-Wv A-Â-lw-Zp-en-Ãm-lv F-\n-¡v dm-l-¯m-Wv F-¶p-]-d-ªm-Â- a-Xn-”
F-¶m-bn-cp-¶p- a-dp-]-Sn-.
ka-b-am-bm-Â- \n-kvI-cn-¡pw- A-Xv I-gn-ªm-Â- -ssiJ-·m-cpsS A-Sp-
¯v \n-¶v a-\-Ên-em-¡n-b-Xn-\-\p-kcn-¨p-Å- " B-km-dn-epw- kn-^m-¯n-ep-ap-
Å- J-Â-_n-³sS {]-h-À-¯-\-¯n-Â- ap-gp-Ipw- cm-{Xn-bm-bm-Â- k-tlmZ-c-§sf
-sImïv XA-eo-ap-I-Ä- -tIÄ-¡pw-.C-Xm-Wv co-Xn-
A-kp-Jw -ho-ïpw aq-À-Ñn-¨p- a-cp-¶v Ip-Sn-¨m-epw- -thZ-\- am-dm-¯- A-h-kvY-
h-¶t¸mÄ- D-¸- h-¶p- a-{´n-¨p- sImSp-¡pw- At¸mÄ- H-¶p-d-§pw-, -thZ-\-
Iq-Spt¼mÄ- A-Â-lw-Zp-en-Ãm-lv \o- Fs¶ a-d-¶n-ÃtÃm F-¶n-§s\ ]-d-
ªpsImïn-cn-¡pw-.
C-´n-¡m-em-Ip-¶-Xn-\v-sS Xte¶v cm-{Xn- Rm-\pw- A-Ðp-Â- -d-low- l-k\n-
bpw- A-Iv_-À- A-jvd-^n-bpw- ^-ken-sâ IqsS B-ip-]-{Xn-bn-Â- cm-{Xn- Zo-\n-
N-À-¨-I-fn-em-bn-cp-¶p-
A-¶v ]-I-Â- D-¸- h-¶p- ]m-d-¸p-dw- h-Ãn-¸-bpsS ^m-Xn-l-bm-b-Xv -sImïv -
sNdn-b- A-\n-b-\pw- D-½-bp-samgnsI F-Ãm-h-cpw- a-S-§n- -t]m¶p--. -
sshIpt¶c-¸m-bt¸mÄ- A-km-[m-c-W-am-b- cq-]-¯n-Â- Np-a-cn-Â-
-t\m¡n- D-¨-¯n-Â- “A-Â-lw-Zp-en-Ãm-lv” F-¶p-ds¡ B-h-À-¯n-Np]-d-bp-
¶-Xv I-ït¸mÄ- D-½- ^-kent\mSv -tNmZn-¨p-
“\o- Cu- C-S-§-dm-bn- A-Â-lw-Zp-en-Ãm-lv ]-d-bps¶-sX´n-\m-W”
A-h-³- -t\cn-b- kz-c-¯n-Â- D-½tbmSv ]-d-ªp-
“ D-½m- \n-§-Ä-¡v Fs¶ Im-Wpt¼m-sg-tà {]-bm-kw- F-\n-¡v \-Ã-
dm-l-¯m-Wv A-Â-lw-Zp-en-Ãm-lv”
Zn-h-kw- \m-ev -t\cw- hn-SmsX -sImSp-¯n-cp-¶- -thZ-\-¡p-Å- a-cp-¶v
A-¶v cm-hnse ap-X-Â- -thZ-\-bn-Ã- F-¶v ]-d-ªp- Ip-Sn-¨n-cp-¶n-Ã- . a-{Kn-_v
\n-kvI-cn-¨p- h-¶- A-\n-b-³- lw-Zv -sNmÃn-¡n-S-¡p-¶- ^-kent\mSv \n-kvI-
cnt¨m F-¶m-cm-ªp-, \n-kvI-cn-¨p- F-¶v X-e-bm-«n- k½-Xn-¨p- , -ssiJp-\m-
bpsS h-A-fv -sh¨p-X-cs« F-¶- -tNmZy-¯n-\v -sh¨psImSp-¡m-³- ]-d-ªp-
lw-Zv D-cp-hn-«v -ssiJp-\m-bpsS {]-kw-Kw- -tIfvIp-¶-Xn-\n-S-bn-Â- I-®v h-
et¯m«v ap-I-Ä- `m-Kt¯¡v a-dn-bp-¶-Xv I-ïv D-½- kw-kw- -shÅw- \-Ân-In-,
C-d-¡p-¶n-Ã- F-¶p-I-ït¸mÄ- A-\n-b-³- kw-kw- -shÅ-amsW¶v -sNhn-bn-
Â- ]-d-ªt¸mÄ- A-Xv Ip-Sn-¨p- ]ns¶ B- I-®p-I-Ä- A-S-ªp…….-
a-{Kn-_v \n-kvI-cn-¨p-.. lw-Zp-cp-hn-«..v ssiJp-\m-bpsS {]-kw-Kw- -
tI«psImïv \-Ã- -t_m[t¯mSp-IqsS a-c-W-¯n-sâ H-cp- e-£-W-hpw- Im-
Wn-¡msX -s\än-¯-Sw- hn-b-À-¯psImïv B- -s]m¶p- -tam³- A-Ãm-lp-
hnte¡v bm-{X-bm-bn-….
C-{X- A-´-kp-Å- a-c-Ww- Cu- -sNdn-b- {]m-b-¯n-Â- Cu- a-I-\v e-`ns¨¦n-
Â- A-Xv k¿n-Zv \q-cn-jm- km-\n-bpsS X-cv_n-b-Xn-\v-sS ^-e-am-Wv, A-kp-Jw-
h-¶v -thZ-\-bn-Â- ]p-f-bpt¼mÄ- ip-Ivdn-sâ lw-Zv \m-hn-epw- J-Â-_n-epw -
h-¶-Xv B- kp-l-_-Xv -sImïv am-{Xw- A-Åm-lp- I-\ntªIn-b-Xm-Wv.
A-hn-Ss¯ kp-lv_-¯n-\v-sS ^-e-am-bn- H-cm-fpsS a-c-Ww- C-{X- A-´-
Êmsb¦n-Â- A-Xp-Xs¶ Xs¶bm-Wv k¿n-Zv \q-cn- jm-lv km-\n-bpsS h-en-
b- I-dm-a-Xv. Cu- -temI-¯v -tIh-ew- im-co-cn-I- Kp-W-¯n-\v -thïn- \m-w a-
lm-·m-cn-Â- \n-¶v I-dm-a-¯p-I-Ä- A-\p-`-hn-¡m-dp-ïv
F-¶m-Â- A-Xn-epw- h-en-b- I-dm-a-¯m-Wv im-i-z-X- Po-hn-X-¯n-Â- kp-
J-hpw- C-em-ln- km-ao-]y-hpw- \-Â-Ip-I- F-¶-X,v C-¶v k¿n-Zv \q-cn-jm-km-
\n- \-evInsImïn-cn-¡p-¶-Xv A-Xm-Wv
 -
l-dmw- + Im-gvN-
ssiJp-\m- k¿n-Zv \q-cn- im-lv km-\n- ka-{]m-b-¡m-cm-b- Iq-«p-Im-À-Iv X-Ëo-av -sImSp-
¡pt¼mÄ- A-XnsemcmtfmSv \n-§-Ä- C-\n- -sam-ss_en-Â- -thïm-¯-Xv Im-W-
cpsX¶v \n-ÀtZin-¨p- At±lw- A-Xv A-\p-kcn-¡p-I-bpw- -sNbvXp- Zn-h-k§-Ä-Iv -
tijw- -tIc-f-¯nse¯n- -ssiJp-\m-¡v -sImSp-¯- hm-¡v a-d-¶v {i-²n-¡msX -sam-
ss_en-Â- Nn-e- kv{Xo-I-fpsS -t^m-t«mkv Im-Wm-\n-S-bm-bn- A-§ns\ D-d-§n- -t]mbn-
cm-hnse F-Wo-äv -t\m¡pt¼mÄ- I-®n-\p- Im-gvN-bn-Ã-. ho-«p-ImscÃm-h-cpw- -tUmÎ-
dpsS A-Spt¯¡v -sImïv -t]mbn- -t]mIp-¶- h-gn-bn-Â- C-\n- l-dm-av Im-Wnsöv \q-
cn-jm-km-\ntbmSv hm-¡v -sImSp-¯- Im-cyw- Hm-À-a-h-¶p- -t]mIp-¶- h-gn-bn-Â- -
shNvXs¶ X-u-_m- -sNbvXp- C-\n- -ssiJp-\m-¡v -sImSp-¯- hm-¡v -sXän-¡n-Ã-¶v D-d-
¸n-¨p- , A-Â-lw-Zp-en-Ãm-lv -tUmÎ-dpsS ap-¶nse¯n-bt¸mgt¯¡v Im-gvN- Xn-cn-¨p-
In-«n- -tUmÎ-À- ]-cntim[n-¨v Ip-g-¸sam¶p-an-Ã- F-¶v ]-d-ªp- Xn-cn-¨-b-¨p-, Ip-g-¸w-
A-Ãm-lp-hn-sâ Hu-en-bm-¡-Ä-¡v -sImSp-¯- hm-¡v -sXän-¨-Xm-Wv A-Xn-\p- X-u-_m- -
sNbvXt¸m A-kp-Jw- am-dp-I-bpw- -sNbvXp-. I-dm-a-¯p-I-Ä- ]-d-b-epw- am-À-¡-äv -sN¿p-
I-bpw- -sN¿-Â- \-Ã-X-Ã- A-Xv i-cn-bp-am-Wv C-Xv C-hnsS {]-Xn-_m-[n-¨-Xv i-co-A-
¯nt\mSv _-Ô-ap-Å- Im-cy-am-b-Xv -sImïv am-{X-am-Wv . C-§s\ \n-c-h-[n- kw-`-h-
§-Ä- - -sNdp-¸-¡m-cm-b- -ssiJp-\m- X-§-fpsS Iq-«p-Im-À-¡v ]-d-bm-\p-ïv
B-cn-^v kÀ-¡m-cn-sâ -ss^km-³- km-\n- kÀ-¡m-dn-eqsS
-ssiJp-\m- k¿n-Zv \q-cn- im-lv km-\n- X-§-fpsS a-l-X-zw- Pm-an-A-bnse D-kvXm-Zm-b-
kpsseam-³- _m-J-hn- hn-h-cn-¡p-¶p-.
k¿n-Zv B-cn-^p-²o-³- Po-em-\n- h-À-j-§-Ä-¡v ap-¼v Xs¶ A-hnsS-s¯bpw- kn-Â-kn-
e-bpsSbpw- Pm-\-io-\m-¡n- \q-cn-jm- km-\n- kÀ-¡m-cns\ \n-b-an-¡p-I-bp-ïm-bn- F-
¶v am-{X-a-Ã- \n-c-´-c-am-bn- X-sâ kp-lv_-¯n-Â- -sImïv \-S-¡p-I-bpw- -sNbvXp- .
h-b-Êv 28 , l-Öv 25
K-À-`-kvY- in-ip-hm-bn-cn-¡pt¼mÄ- Xs¶ D-½- l-Öv -sN¿p-I-bpw-
A-hv-sS¶t§m«v C-cp-]-¯t©mfw- l-Öpw- Hmtcm h-À-j-hpw- Dw-d-bpw- \n-Àh - -ln-
¡p-I-bpw- -sNbvXp- Cu- C-cp-]s¯«v h-b-Ên-\n-S-bn-Â- ctïm aqt¶m l-Öv ams{X-
ta \-ãs]«ns«mÅp- A-Xv Xs¶ -tIm-tdm-tWm -t]m-sebp-Å- \n-b-a- Ip-cp-¡p-I-Ä-
Im-c-Ww-.
-ssiJp-\m- X-§-fpsS hntbmK-¯n-\v -tijw- \-S-¶- Cu- d-a-fm-³- Nn-Ã-bn-Â- C-Xp-hsc
H-cp-an-¨p- Iq-Sn-b-Xnt\¡m-Ä- Iq-Sp-X-Â- ap-co-Z-·m-À- ]s¦Sp-¯p-
A-Xv Xs¶ -ssiJp-\m- km-\n- kÀ-¡m-cn-sâ {]-`m-j-Ww- cm-{Xn- H-cp-a-Wn- hsc \o-
ïm-epw- H-cm-fv -t]mepw- F-Wo-äv -t]mhmsX P-\-§-Ä- h-fsc Bthit¯m-sS A-Xv -
tI«n-cn-¡pw- Jm-³-Km-lv \n-d-ªp- I-hn-ªp- ]p-d-¯v \n-¶psImïm-Wv ]-e-cpw- {]-`m-
j-Ww- {i-hn-¨n-cp-¶-Xv am-{X-a-Ã- C-h-À-¡v -thï- `-£-W-hpw- ]m-À-¸n-S-hpw- F-Ãm- kz-
Im-cy-§-fpw- -ssiJp-\m- H-cp-¡n-bn-cp-¶p- C-Xv A-hn-Sps¯ -ssiJ-·m-cpsS {]tXyI-
am-b- -ss^km-\-ÃmsX asä´m-Wv. A-Xv -t]m-se¯s¶ -ssiJp-\m- B-cn-^v kÀ-
¡m-cn-sâ aq-¶n-sâ ]-cn-]m-Sn-¡pw- P-\-km-K-cw- H-gp-Insb¯n-.
\q-cn- kÀ-¡m-cn-sâ hn-kzm-Â- ap-X-Â- B-cn-^v kÀ-¡m-À- F-Ãm-am-khpw- \-S-¯m-dp-Å-
^m-Xn-l-bm-Wv ]ns¶ \-S-¶-Xv A-Xn-epw- A-¶v hsc I-ïn-«n-Ãm-¯-{X- P-\-§sfbm-
Wv I-ï-Xv.
-
tijw- B-cn-^v kÀ-¡m-cn-sâ \m-ev]-¯n-sâ ]-cn-]m-Sn-bm-Wv \-S-¶-Xv .
1443 d-a-km-³- 15 G-{]n-Â- 17 Rm-b-dm-gvN-bm-Wv A-Xv \-S-¶-Xv A-Xn-Â- \q-cn- a-kvI-sâ
N-cn-{X-¯n-en-Ãm-¯- A-{X-bpw- B-fp-I-fm-Wv ]s¦Sp-¯-Xv
Jm-³-Km-ln-sâ ap-¼n-ep-Å- -ssaXm-\w- \n-d-ªp- I-hn-ªp- CsXÃmw- A-hnsS¶p-Å- -
ss^km-³- am-{X-am-Wv .
A-Xn-ep-]-cn-bm-bn- \q-cn-jm-km-\n- kÀ-¡m-À- ]-d-bp-I-bp-ïm-bn- . F-sâ B-{K-lw -a-Zo-
\-¯v -t]mbn- d-kq-Â- kÃ-Ãm-lp- Asseln- h-kÃ-an-sâ A-Sp-¯v \n-¶v A-\p-hm-
Zw- hm-§n- Zo-\n-sâbpw- kn-Âkn-e-bpsSbpw- {]-Nm-c-Ww- -B-cw-`n-¡m-\m-Wv .
A-Xv -sImïv Xs¶ A-h-À- Dw-d-¡v -t]mbn-. 19 d-a-km-³- 21 G-{]n-en-em-Wv -t]mb-Xv
h-fsc dm-l-¯p-Å- Dw-d-bm-bn-cp-¶p-,
]-cn-ip-²- d-a-km-\nse A-h-cpsS B-Zys¯ Dw-d- Iq-Sn-bm-bn-cp-¶p- C-Xv .
km-\n- kÀ-¡m-À- h-cp-¶p- F-¶-dn-ªp- ]-e- k-tlmZ-c-·m-cpw- -ssiJp-\msS IqsS Dw-
d-bn-epw- kn-bm-d-¯n-epw- ]s¦Sp-¯p-.
A-hnsS D-ïm-bn-cp-¶- _n-em-eo- jm- (d-)bpsS ap-co-Zv \-_o-Â- C-_v\p- lpss-k³- F-
¶ ku-Zn- ]-u-c-³- -ssiJp-\sb ho-«nte¡v £-Wn-¡p-I-bpw- A-hnsS -shNv A-\n-b-
\pw- a-I-\psaÃmw- -ss_A-Xv kzo-I-cn-¡p-I-bpw- -sN¿p-I-bp-ïm-bn- ( dw-km-³- 22 G-
{]n-Â- 24 )
G-{]n-Â- 25 \v a-Zo-\-bn-Â- -sh¨v ku-D-Zn- Atd_y-bnse ap-co-Z-·m-À- - kzo-I-c-Ww-
\-Â-Ip-I-bp-ïm-bn- B- -thZn-bn-Â- -shNv ssiJv \-_o-Â- C-_v\p- lpss-k³- F-¶-h-
À-¡v k¿n-Zv \q-cn-jm-km-\n- X-§-fpsS aq-¶-as¯ J-eo-^-bm-bn- Jn-em-^-¯p- \-Â-
Ip-I-bp-ïm-bn- . CsXÃw- -ssiJp-\m- k¿n-Zv B-cn-^p-²o-³- Po-em-\n- (d) -hn-sâ -
ss^fm-³- km-\n- kÀ-¡m-dn-eqsS {]-h-ln-¡p-¶p- F-¶-Xn-sâ -sXfn-hm-Wv .
 Ip-Spw-_w-
D-½-bpsS Ip-Spw-_-¯n-Â- \n-¶p-Å- k¿n-Z- ap-\- d-Òm-³- `m-cy- bm-Wv
c-ïv B-¬- Ip-«n-I-fpw- aq-¶v -s]¬-Ip-«n-I-fp-ap-ïv
k¿n-Zv ap-l-½-Zv B-cn-^p-²o-³- km-\n- Po-em-\n- (k¿n-Zv lp-ssʳ- ]m-j- )
k¿n-Zv ap-l-½-Zv A-Ðp-Â- Jm-Zn-À- Po-em-\n- (k¿n-Zv l-ʳ- ]m-j- )
k¿n-Z- ^m-¯n-a-
k¿n-Z- l-_o-_-
k¿n-Z- klvd-
P-\n-¡p-¶-Xn-\p- ap-³-]v Xs¶ -t]cn-Sp-¶p-
k¿n-Zv ap-l-½-Zv B-cn-^p-²o-³- Po-em-\n- (d) bpsS hntbmK-¯n-sâ -tij-am-
Wv k¿n-Zv ap-l-½-Zv A-Ðp-Â- Jm-Zn-À- Po-em-\n- P-\n-¨-Xv (2022 G-{]n-Â- 14 )
]s£ h-^m-¯n-\v ap-³-]v K-cv`-apsï¶-dn-ª- D-Ss\ B-¬- Ip-«n-
bmsW¶pw- Ip-«n-¡v ap-l-½-Zv A-Ðp-Â- Jm-Zn-À- F-¶- -t]cn-S-Ww- F-¶pw-
k¿n-Zv ap-l-½-Zv B-cn-^p-²o-³- Po-em-\n- \n-Àt±in-¨n-cp-¶p-.
]-d-ª- {]-Im-cw- k¿n-Zv \q-cn-jm- km-\n-¡v B-¬- Ip-«n-P-\n-¡p-I-bpw ap-l-
½-Zv - A-Ðp-Â- Jm-Zn-À- F-¶v -t]cv hn-fn-¡p-I-bpw- -sNbvXp-

k¿n-Zv ap-l-½-Zv B-cn-^p-²o-³- Po-em-\n-(d)X-sâ hntbmK-¯n-sâ ap-¼v k¿n-Zv ap-l-½-Zv

A-Ðp-Ä- Jm-Zn-À- F-¶v -t]cn-«- k¿n-Zv \q-cn-jm-lv km-\n- bpsS c-ïm-as¯ B-¬-
Ip-ªns\ B-cn-^p-²o-³- Po-em-\n-bpsS a-Jm-an-Â- -sImïv h-¶t¸mÄ-
 Jm-Zn-cn-
d-kq-Â- kÃ-Ãm-lp- Asseln- h-kÃa- X-§-Ä- ap-X-Â- k¿n-Zv \q-cn-jm-km-\n- X-§-Ä-
hsc bp-Å- Jm-Zn-cn- -ssiJp-am-cpsS ]-c-¼-c-

k¿n-Zp-\m- ap-l-½-Zv d-kq-ep-Ãm-ln- (k) (h- k¿n-Zv \-ko-dp-²o-³- (d-) (h-ln-, 799)

ln-. 11 {In-. 633 Pq-¬- 8 ) k¿n-Zv \q-dp-²o-³- (d-) (ln-. 851)

A-ao-dp-Â- ap-Avan-\o-³- A-en- (d-) h- ln- 40 d-a-fm-³- 19 Rm-b-À-) k¿n-Zv jm-lv C-\m-b-Xp-Ãm-lv (d-) (h- ln-. 894)

-ssiJv l-k³- _-kcn- (d-) (ln- 111 k¿n-Zv ip-Pm-Av (d-) (h- ln-. 952)

-ssiJv l-_o-_v A-Pan- (d-) (ln-. 120) lm-Pn- C-kvlm-Jv Nn-ivXn- Jm-Zn-cn- (d-) (h- ln- 953)

-ssiJv Zm-hq-Zv X-zm-Cu- (d-) (h- ln-. 162) lm-Pn- ap-l-½-Zv Nn-ivXn- Jm-Zn-cn- (d-) (h- ln-. 972)

-ssiJv a-Avdq-^p-Â- J-À-ln- (d-) 2. ln-. 200) Jm-P- Ppss\Zp-Êm-\n- (d-) (h- ln- 985)

-ssiJv kn-À-dp-Êp-Jp-Xn- (d-) (h- ln- 250) Jm-P- ln-Zm-b-¯p-Ãm-lv A-bv\n- (d-) (h- ln- 1018)

-ssiJv Ppss\Zp-Â- _-KvZm-Zn- (d-) (h- ln-. 297) k¿n-Zv I-am-ep-²o-³- _p-Jm-cn- (d-) (h- ln- 1052)

-ssiJv A-Ðp-Ãm-ln- in-»n- (d-) (h- ln- (334) k¿n-Zv P-am-ep-²o-³- Nn-ivXn- Jm-Zn-cn- (d-) (h- ln-. 1162)

-ssiJv A-Ðp-Â- A-ko-kv X-an-an- (d-) (h-. ln-. 336). k¿n-Zv ap-l-½-Zv jm-ao-À- Nn-ivXn- Jm-Zn-cn- (d-) (h- ln- 1186)

- siJv A-_p-Ä-^-fvev A-Ðp-Â- hm-ln-Zv _v\p- A-Ðp-Â- A-ko-

s k¿n-Zv I-am-ep-²o-³- (d-) (h- ln- 1224)
kv (d-) (h- ln-) 435)
Jm-Pm- A-em-D-²o-³- Nn-ivXn- Jm-Zn-cn- (d-) (h- ln-. 1251)
A-_p-Â- ^-d-lv bq-k^v X-À- Xq-kn- (d-) (h-.ln- 447)
Jm-Pm- k¿n-Zv _p-À-lm-\p-²o-³- (d-) (h- ln-. 1290)
A-_p-Â- l-k³- A-en-¿p-Â- lw-Km-cn- (d-) (h- ln-. 486)
k¿n-Zv kp-Â-¯m-³- a-Òq-Zp-Ãm-lv jm-lv (d-) (h- ln-. 1311)
A-_q-kCu-Zv A-_p-Â- -ssJdv _n-³- ap-_m-d-Iv a-Jvkq-an- (d-)
(h- 513) -ssiJv I-am-ep-Ãm-jm-lv (d-) (h- ln- 1359)
ssiJv A-Ðp-Â- Jm-Zn-À- Po-em-\n-
l-kvd-¯v J-u-kv A-en-jm-lv K-u-kn-(d-) (h-.ln-. 1373)
(d-) (h-^-. 561)
\q-dp-Â- a-im-C-Jv k¿n-Zv A-Ò-Zv ap-lyp-²o-³-
k¿n-Zv A-Ðp-Ä- d-km-Jv (d-) (h- ln- 595)
\q-cn-jm-lv Po-em-\n- (d-) (h- ln-. 1411)
k¿n-Zv A-_p-¶-kvzdv (d-) (ln-. 618)
Jp-Xp-_p-Â- a-jm-ln-Jv k¿n-Zv B-cn-^p-²o-³-
k¿n-Zv A-_q-kzm-en-lv (d-) (h- ln- 691) Po-em-\n- (d-) (h- ln- 1443 i-A-_m-³- 10 , am-À-¨v 13 ,
2022 )
-ssiJv A-Ò-Zv jm- Jm-Zn-cn- (d-) (h- ln- 725)

k¿n-Zv ap-l-½-Zv jm- Jm-Zn-cn- (d-) (h-. ln-. 155) \q-dp-Â- C-À-^m-³- k¿n-Zv A-Ò-Zv ap-lyn-²o-³-
\q-cn-jm-lv km-\n- Po-em-\n- (X-z- D-)
 Nn-ivXn-
d-kq-Â- kÃ-Ãm-lp- Asseln- h-kÃa- X-§-Ä- ap-X-Â- k¿n-Zv \q-cn-jm-km-\n- X-§-Ä-
hsc bp-Å- Nn-ivXn- -ssiJp-am-cpsS ]-c-¼-c-

k¿n-Zp-\m- ap-l-½-Zv d-kq-ep-Ãm-ln- (k) k¿n-Zv P-am-ep-em-jm-lv a-Kv cn-_n- (d-) (h- ln- 827)

(h- ln-. 11 {In-. 633 Pq-¬- 8 ) Jm-Pm- I-am-ep-²o-³- hm-ln-Zp-Â- A-kvdm-À- _n-bm-_m-\n- (d-) (h-
ln- 867)
A-ao-dp-Â- ap-Avan-\o-³- A-en- (d-) h- ln- 40 d-a-fm-³- 19 Rm-b-À-)
k¿n-Zv Jm-Pm- ao-dm-³- Pn- (d-) (h- ln-. 904)
-ssiJv l-k³- _-kcn- (d-) ln- 111
k¿n-Zv Jm-Pm- _p-À-lm-\p-²o-³- (d-) (h- ln- 935)
l-kvd¯v ^pssZÂ- _v\p- C-bm-fv (d-) h- ln- 187)
lm-Pn- ap-l-½-Zv Nn-ivXn- Jm-Zn-cn- (d-) (h- ln-. 972)
C-{_m-lo-ap-_v\p- A-Zvlw- (d-) (h-.ln- 261)
Jm-P- Ppss\Zp-Êm-\n- (d-) (h- ln- 985)
k¿n-Zv kZo-Zp-²o-³- lpssZa- (d-) (h- ln- 277)
Jm-P- ln-Zm-b-¯p-Ãm-lv A-bv\n- (d-) (h- ln- 1018)
Jm-Pm- ap-Cu-\p-²o-³- A-_qss_d-Â- _-kz-cn- (d-) (h- ln- 297)
k¿n-Zv I-am-ep-²o-³- _p-Jm-cn- (d-) (h- ln- 1052)
Jm-Pm- apw-im-Zp- A-Â-hn- -ssZ\q-cn-(d-) (h- ln- 298)
k¿n-Zv P-am-ep-²o-³- Nn-ivXn- Jm-Zn-cn- (d-) (h- ln-. 1162)
Jm-Pm- Jms\ C-{_m-low- C-kvlm-Jv(d-) (h- ln- 329)
k¿n-Zv ap-l-½-Zv jm-ao-À- Nn-ivXn- Jm-Zn-cn- (d-) (h- ln- 1186)
lm-Pm- Jp-Zvd-¯p-²o-³- A-_n- A-Ò-Zv Nn-ivXn- (d-) (h- ln- 329)
k¿n-Zv I-am-ep-²o-³- (d-) (h- ln- 1224)
\-ko-dp-²o-³- A-_q- bq-kp-^v Nn-ivXn- (d-) (h- ln- 459)
Jm-Pm- A-em-D-²o-³- Nn-ivXn- Jm-Zn-cn- (d-) (h- ln-. 1251)
Jm-Pm- Jp-Xp-_p-²n-³- a-u-Zq-Zv Nn-ivXn- (d-) (h- ln-. 527)
Jm-Pm- k¿n-Zv _p-À-lm-\p-²o-³- (d-) (h- ln-. 1290)
lm-Pn- i-co-^v kn-´m-\n- (d-) (h- ln- 612
k¿n-Zv kp-Â-¯m-³- a-Òq-Zp-Ãm-lv jm-lv (d-) (h- ln-. 1311)
Jm-Pm- D-kvam-³- lm-dq-\n- (d-) (h- ln- 617)
-ssiJv I-am-ep-Ãm-jm-lv (d-) (h- ln- 1359)
kp-Â-¯m-\p-Â- ln-µv Jm-Pm- ap-Cu-\p-²o-³-
l-kvd-¯v J-u-kv A-en-jm-lv K-u-kn-(d-) (h-.ln-. 1373)
Nn-ivXn- A-Pvao-cn- (d-) (h- ln- 633)
Jm-Pm- Jp-Xp-_p-²o-³- _-àn-bm-À- Im-¡n- (d-) (ln-. 633) \q-dp-Â- a-im-C-Jv k¿n-Zv A-Ò-Zv ap-lyp-²o-³-
\q-cn-jm-lv Po-em-\n- (d-) (h- ln-. 1411)
Jm-Pm- ^-co-Zp-²o-³- K-©-i-I-À- (d-) (h- ln- 664)
Jp-Xp-_p-Â- a-jm-ln-Jv k¿n-Zv B-cn-^p-²o-³-
l-kvd-¯v \n-km-ap-²o-³- a-lv_q-_v C-em-ln- (d-) (h- ln- 725)
Po-em-\n- (d-)
Jm-Pm- \-ko-dp-²o-³- Nn-dm-Kv Z-Ë-hn- (d-) (h- ln- 757) (h- ln- 1443 i-A-_m-³- 10 , am-À-¨v 13 , 2022 )
Jm-Pm- _sµ \-hm-kv lpss-k\n- (h- ln- 825)
\q-dp-Â- C-À-^m-³- k¿n-Zv A-Ò-Zv ap-lyn-²o-³-
\q-cn-jm-lv km-\n- Po-em-\n- (X-z- D-)
 ]n-Xr-]-c-¼-c-
d-kq-Â- kÃ-Ãm-lp- Asseln- h-kÃa- X-§-Ä- ap-X-Â- k¿n-Zv \q-cn-jm-km-\n- X-§-Ä-
hsc bp-Å- ]n-Xr-]-c-¼-c- -ssiJp-am-cpsS ]-c-¼-c-
k¿n-Zp-\m- ap-l-½-Zv d-kq-ep-Ãm-ln- (k)
(h- ln-. 11 {In-. 633 Pq-¬- 8 )
A-ao-dp-Â- ap-Avan-\o-³- A-en- (d-) h- ln- 40 d-a-fm-³- 19 Rm-b-À-)
l-kvd¯v k¿n-Zv l-k³-(d-)
l-kvd¯v k¿n-Zv l-k\p-Â- ap-kv(d-)
l-kvd¯v k¿n-Zv A-Ðp-Ãm-ln-Â- a-lvfv (d-)
l-kvd¯v k¿n-Zv aq-kÂ- P-u-³-(d-)
l-kvd¯v k¿n-Zv A-Ðp-Ã-(d-)
l-kvd¯v k¿n-Zv Zm-hq-Zv(d-)
l-kvd¯v k¿n-Zv aq-km-(d-)
l-kvd¯v k¿n-Zv ap-l-½-Zv(d-)
l-kvd¯v k¿n-Zv b-lym- km-ln-Zv(d-)
l-kvd¯v k¿n-Zv A-Ðp-Ã-(d-)
l-kvd¯v k¿n-Zv A-_q- kzm-en-lv aq-km- Pw-KotZmkvXv(d-)
l-kvd¯v K-u-kp-Â- A-Avfw- ap-lyn-±o-³- A-Ðp-
Â- Jm-Zn-À- Po-em-\n-(d-)
l-kvd¯v k¿n-Zv A-Ðp-Â- P-ºm-À- Po-em-\n-(d-)
l-kvd¯v k¿n-Zv A-_p-Â- l-k³- Po-em-\n-(d-)
l-kvd¯v k¿n-Zv kz-^n-bp-Ãm-lv Po-em-\n-(d-)
l-kvd¯v k¿n-Zv A-Ðp-Â- h-lm-_v Po-em-\n-(d-)
l-kvd¯v k¿n-Zv C-{_m-lnw- Po-em-\n-(d-)
l-kvd¯v k¿n-Zv A-Ðp-Â- h-lm-_v Po-em-\n-(d-)
l-kvd¯v k¿n-Zv A-_p-Â- l-k³- Po-em-\n-(d-)
l-kvd¯v k¿n-Zv a-Òq-Zv Po-em-\n-(d-)
l-kvd¯v k¿n-Zv a-Òq-Zv ]o-dm-³- Po-em-\n-(d-)
l-kvd¯v k¿n-Zv a-JvZpw- \n-km-ap-±o-³- Po-em-\n-(d-)
l-kvd¯v k¿n-Zv a-JvZpw- A-_p-Â- ^-X-lv Po-em-\n-(d-)
l-kvd¯v k¿n-Zv a-JvZpw- k¿n-Zv B-enw- Po-em-\n-(d-)
l-kvd¯v k¿n-Zv a-JvZqw- k¿n-Zv Cu-km- Po-em-\n-(d-)
l-kvd¯v k¿n-Zv \-Pvap-±o-³- Po-em-\n-(d-)
l-kvd¯v k¿n-Zv jm-lv Hu-en-b-km-ln-_v an-bm-³- Po-em-\n-(d-)
l-kvd¯v k¿n-Zv _m-Jn-À- lp-k!!ss!!³- -ssJdm-_m-Zn-
Po-em-\n-(d-)
l-kvd¯v k¿n-Zv Kp-emw- C-amw- lp-k!!ss!!³- Po-em-\n-(d-)
l-kvd¯v v k¿n-Zv Kp-emw- A-en- Po-em-\n-(d-)
l-kvd¯v k¿n-Zv P-Av^-À- A-en- Po-em-\n-(d-)
l-kvd¯v k¿n-Zv K-u-kp-±o-³- Po-em-\n-(d-)
l-kvd¯v k¿n-Zv A-Ò-Zv ap-lyn-±o-³- \q-cn-im-lv Po-em-\n-(d-)
\q-dp-Â- a-im-C-Jv k¿n-Zv A-Ò-Zv ap-lyp-²o-³-
\q-cn-jm-lv Po-em-\n- (d-) (h- ln-. 1411)
Jp-Xp-_p-Â- a-jm-ln-Jv k¿n-Zv B-cn-^p-²o-³-
Po-em-\n- (d-)
(h- ln- 1443 i-A-_m-³- 10 , am-À-¨v 13 , 2022 )
\q-dp-Â- C-À-^m-³- k¿n-Zv A-Ò-Zv ap-lyn-
²o-³- \q-cn-jm-lv km-\n- Po-em-\n- (X-z- D-)
 k¿n-Zv ap-l-½-Zv B-cn-^p-²o-³- Po-em-\n-
\q-dp-Â- ajm-ln-Jn-sâ hn-kz-m-en-\v
tijw- B-Zy-am-bn- -tIc-f-¯n-Â- (1991) news paper

1991

1991
]m-d-¸p-dw- -ssiJp-\m-bpsS -t\Xr-X-z-¯n-Â- 1991 am-À-¨v 7 ,8 ,9 ,10 ,11 Xn-¿-Xn-I-fn-Â- -s]m¶m-
\n-bn-Â- \-S-¶- -ssiJp-\m- B-cn-^p-²o-³- Po-em-\n-bpsS B-Zy- ]-cn-]m-Sn-bn-Â- \n-¶v

B-Zy-am-bn- -tIc-f-¯nse¯n-b- Jp-Xp-_p-Â- a-jm-ln-Jns\ ]m-d-¸p-dw- -ssiJp-\-

bpw- G-ew-Ip-fw- D-kvXm-Zpw- -sdbn-Âth kv-täj-\n-Â- kzo-I-cn-¡p-¶p-,

a-äp- A-Xn-Yn-Isf Iq-«m-bn- Jm-kn-, am-Wq-À kn-Fw- D-kvXm-Zv, _n-em-eo-jm-lv

\q-cn- F-¶n-h-À- am-e-bn-«v kzo-I-cn-¡p-¶p-

-s]m¶m-\n- a-JvZq-am-_m-Znte¡v -t]mIp-¶-h-gn-bn-Â- ]m-d-¸p-d-¯v sh¨p-

C-f-\o-À- \-Â-In- kzo-I-cn-¡p-¶p-
 s]m¶m-\n-bn-Â- \-S-¶- - B-Zy- ]-cn-]m-Sn-bn-Â- \n-¶v (1991 am-À-¨v)
-ssiJp-\m- B-cn-^p-
²o-³- Po-em-\n-bpsS -
tIc-f-¯nse B-Zy- ]-
cn-]m-Sn-bpsS Hm-^o-kv
D-XvLm-S-\w- -s]m¶m-
\n- a-JvZq-am-_m-Zn-Â-
]m-d-¸p-dw- -ssiJp-\m-
\n-À-h-ln-¡p-¶p- I-½n-
än- Aw-K-§-fm-b- Iq-«m-
bn- Jm-kn-, _n-em-eo-
jm- \q-cn-, am-Wq-À- kn-
Fw- D-kvXm-Zv,
A-Ðp-Â- d-Òm-³-
ap-kven-bmÀ- ]m-d-¸p-dw-
, kpsseam-³- ap-kven-
bm-À- -tIm«-¡-Â- Xp-S-
§n-b-h-À- kao-]w-

]m-d-¸p-dw- -ssiJp-\m-bpsS -t\Xr-X-z-¯n-Â- 1991am-À-¨v 7,8 9 10,11 Xn-¿-Xn-I-fn-Â- -s]m¶m-\n-bn-Â-

\-S-¶- -ssiJp-\m- B-cn-^p-²o-³- Po-em-\n-bpsS B-Zy- ]-cn-]m-Sn-bnse B-Â-_-¯n-Â- \n-¶v

s]m¶m-\n- a-JvZq-am-_m-Zn-Â- Jp-Xp-_p-Â- a-jm-ln-Jv -ssiJp-\m- B-cn-^p-²o-³- Po-em-\n- ]-Xm-

I- D-b-À-¯p-¶p- k¿n-Zv ap-\o-dp-²o-³- Po-em-\n-, A-Ðp-Ã- J-À-aq-jn-, \m-kn-dp-²o-³-Po-em-\n-, ]m-d-
¸p-dw- -ssiJp-\m-, b-lvJq-_-eo-jm-lv \q-cn-, Sn-]n- ap-l-½-Z-en- \q-cn- Xp-S-§n-b-h-À- kao-]w

-s]m¶m-\n- a-JvZq-am-_m-Znse kn-Â-kn-e- \q-cn-¿- kw-kvYm-\- k-t½f-\-¯n-sâ

A-Wn-b-d- {]-h-À-¯-I-À-
Jp-Xp-_p-Â- a-im-C-Jv k¿n-Zv ap-l-½-Zv B-cn-^p-²o-³- Po-em-\n- -s]m¶m-\n-bn-Â-
\n-¶v kam-cw-`w- Ip-dn-¨- -s]mXp- {]t_m[-\- [-u-Xy-¯n-\p-
kam-]vXn- Ip-dn-¨-Xv ]m-d-¸p-dw- D-dq-kn-Â- -sh¨m-bn-cp-¶p-

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s]m¶m-\n-bn-Â- \n-¶v kam-cw-`w- Ip-dn-¨- -s]mXp- {]t_m[-\- [-u-Xy-¯n-\p- kam-]vXn- Ip-dn-

¨-Xv 2020 P-\p-h-cn- 22 ]m-d-¸p-dw- D-dq-kn-Â- -s]mXp- {]-`m-j-Ww- \n-À-h-ln-¨p- -sImïm-bn-cp-
¶p- -s]m¶m-\n-bn-Â- X-\n-¡v B-Zy- kzo-I-c-Wsamcp-¡n-b- ]m-d-¸p-dw- -ssiJp-\m-bpsS D-dq-
km-Wv -ssiJp-\m-bpsS A-h-km-\- -s]mXp-]-cn-]m-Sn-bm-bn- A-Åm-lp- \n-Ý-bn-¨-Xv
 Jp-
Jp-X-z-p-_p-
_p-Â- a-jm-
_p jm-ln-
jm ln-Jv
ln Jv (d-
(d-)
{]-
{]-Xn-
Xn-`m-
Xn `m-[-\-\m-b- B-ßo-
`m ßo-b- Kp-
ßo Kp-cp-
cp-….
cp

J-eo-^- kpsseam-³- \q-cn- ^m-fn-Â- _m-J-hn- -s]m¶m-\n- (-sslZ-cm-_m-Zv )

1982 -se i-Av_m-³- (Pq-¬-) am-k¯n-em-Wv B-Zy-am-bn- kn-Â-kn-e- \q-cn-¿-bpsS

l-Â-J-bn-Â- ]s¦Sp-¡p-¶-Xv. -ssiJv \q-cn-im-lv X-§-fpsS -tIc-f-¯nse aq-¶m-as¯
J-eo-^-bm-b- _-lp-am-\s¸«- h-en-bp-Ãm-ln- kn-.Fw- _m-¸p- ap-kven-bm-À- D-kvXm-Zv(d-)
bpsS -t\Xr-X-z-¯n-Â- am-Wq-À- h-en-b- Pp-ap-A-¯v ]-Ån-bn-em-Wv l-Â-J- \-S-¯s¸«n-cp-
¶-Xv Cu- l-Â-Jsb Ip-dn-¨v -tI«t¸mÄ- A-Xv B-cpsSXmsW¶pw- B-cpsS C-Pm-k¯v
{]-Im-c-am-Wv \-S-¯s¸Sp-¶sX¶pw- Rm-³- At\zjn-¨n-cp-¶p-.
At¸mgm-Wv _-lp-am-\s¸«- ap-l-bn-±o-³- -ssiJv(d-) X-§-fpsS
C-cp-]-¯n- H-¶m-as¯ ]-u-{X-³- \q-dp-Â- a-im-C-Jv k¿n-Zv \q-cn- im-lv (d-) X-§-fpsS
l-Â-J-bm-WsX¶v a-\-Ên-em-Ip-¶-Xv. A-hn-Sps¯ Nn-ivXn- Jm-Zn-cn- X-z-co-J-¯nse in-jy-
K-W-§-fm-W-hnsS ]s¦Sp-¡p-¶sX¶pw- F-\n-¡v a-\-Ên-em-¡m-³- km-[n-¨p-.
\q-dp-Â- a-im-C-Jv k¿n-Zv \q-cn- im-lv (d-) X-§sf -t\cn-«v Im-W-Wsa¶- B-{K-lw- A-
§s\bm-Wv F-sâ a-\-Ên-Â- \m-¼n-Sp-¶-Xv
B-bn-S-¡m-Wv Rm-³- H-cp- kz-]v\w- Im-Wp-¶-Xv. _-lp-am-\s¸«- \q-dp-Â- a-im-C-Jv k¿n-
Zv \q-cn- im-lv (d-) X-§-Ä- h-en-b- H-cp- -thZn-bn-Â- C-cn-¡p-¶-Xm-Wv kz-]-\w- B- ap-Jw-
Xm-³- lr-Z-b-¯n-Â- kq-£n-¨p-. A-Xn-sâ ap-¼v X-§sf Rm-³- I-ïn-«p-ïm-bn-cp-¶n-Ã- -
sXm«-Sp-¯- h-À-j-am-Wv ]ns¶ X-§-Ä- -tIc-f-¯n-Â- h-¶-Xv kzo-I-c-Ww- \-Â-Im-³- -
s]mÀ-®q-À- -sdbn-Âth kv-täj-\n-Â- -t]mb- kw-L-¯n-Â- Rm-\p-ap-ïm-bn-cp-¶p- kz-]v\-
¯n-Â- - I-ï- AtX ap-Jw- Xs¶bmtWm F-¶v ]-cntim[n-¡p-I-bm-bn-cp-¶p- F-sâ
B-K-a-\-¯n-sâ {]-[m-\- e-£yw-. a-{Zm-kv -sabn-Â- h-¶p- \n-¶t¸mÄ- Rm-³- B-Imw-
£tbm-sS X-§sf Xn-c-ªp- D-Ss\ -sXm«-Sp-¯- -t_mKn-bn-Â- \n-¶pw- X-§-Ä- C-d-§n-
h-¶p-. X-e-¸m-hv [-cn-¨n-«p-ïv I-¿n-Â- H-cp- h-Sn-bp-ap-ïv. Rm-³- kz-]v\-¯n-Â- I-ïv ap-
Jw- Xs¶bmtWm-sb¶v kq-£n-¨p- -t\m¡n- D-d-¸p-h-cp-¯n-,
{]-im-´-hpw- Kmw-`o-cy-hp-ap-Å- B- ap-Jw- kz-]v\-¯n-Â- I-ï-Xv -t]m-
seXs¶bm-bn-cp-¶p-. A-§s\ A-htcm-sSm¸w- bm-{X- Xp-S-À-¶p-. C-Xm-Wv. \q-dp-Â- a-
im-C-Jv(d-) X-§-fp-am-bp-Å- B-Zy- kam-K-aw-.
1984 Â- -s]cn-´-Â-a-®- Jm-³-Jm-ln-sâ h-en-b- lm-fn-Â- -sX¡v ]-Sn-ªm-dv `m-K-¯v -
sh¨m-Wv _-lp-am-\s¸«- \q-dp-Â- a-im-C-Jv(d-) X-§-fp-am-bn- Rm-³- -ss_A-¯v -sN¿p-
¶-Xv. A-¶p- ap-X-Â- -tIc-f-¯nse -ssiJp-\m- ]s¦Sp-¡p-¶- F-Ãm- ]-cn-]m-Sn-I-fn-epw-
]s¦Sp-¯n-«p-ïv.
1990 Â- \-hw-_-À- aq-¶n-\v i-\n-bm-gv¨-bm-Wv _-lp-am-\s¸«- X-§-f-h-À-I-Ä- hn-kzm-em-
Ip-¶-Xv. hn-kzm-en-\v -tijw- -t\cs¯ Xs¶ Pm-\-io-\m-bn- {]-Jym-]n-¨- -ssiJp-\m- ap-
l-½-Zv B-cn-^p-±o-³- Po-em-\n- \q-dp-Ãm- im-lv \q-cn-(d-) X-§-fm-Wv B- kvYm-\-¯v h-¶-
Xv. -tIc-f-¯nse A-h-cpsS an-¡- ]-cn-]m-Sn-I-fn-epw- ]s¦Sp-¡m-³- Rm-³- {]tXyIw- {i-
²n-¨n-cp-¶p-_m-Jn-bm-¯n-Â- ]-Tn-¡p-¶- Im-e-¯v -tIc-f-¯nte¡v -t]mIp-¶- -ssiJp-
\msb
Im-«v]m-Sn- kv-täj-\n-Â- F-¯n- kµ-À-in-¨p- -t]m¶p-.
1996 am-À-¨v 18 (i-Æm-Â- 27) Xn-¦-fm-gv¨-bm-Wv -sslZ-cm-_m-Zn-Â- -ssiJp-\m-bpsS
{]tXyI- \n-Àt±i-{]-Im-cw- Pm-an-A C-em-ln-¿ms¯ \q-cn-¿ bn-Â- H-¸v h-¨v tkh-\w-
B-cw-`n-¡p-¶-Xv. A-¶v ap-X-Â- hn-kzm-Â- hsc (13 am-À-¨v 2022 ) A-h-cpsS kp-lv_-
¯n-em-bn- Po-hn-¡m-\p-Å- `m-Kyw- A-Ãm-lp- X-B-e- A-h-sâ a-l-¯m-b- Hu-Zm-cyw- -
sImïpw- a-im-C-Jp-am-cpsS Zm-\-am-bpw- F-\n-¡v I-\n-ª-\p-{K-ln-¨p-. ( 28 h-À-jw-. 5 Zn-
h-k-samgnsI) A-XpsImïp-Xs¶ -ssiJp-\m-bp-am-bn- _-Ôs¸«- Ht«-sd A-\p-`-h-§-
Ä-¡v km-£n-bm-hm-\pw- F-\n-¡v `m-Kyw- e-`n-¨n-«p-ïv.
1990 em-Wv -ssiJp-\m- X-§-Ä- -ssiJp-\m- \q-dp-Â- a-im-C-Jv k¿n-Zv \q-cn-
im-lv (d-)X-§-fpsS Z-À-Km- i-co-^n-sâ ]-Wn-bm-cw-`n-¡p-¶-Xv Gsd _p-²n-ap-«p-I-Ä-¡pw-
{]-bm-k§-Ä-¡psamSp-hn-Â- 1992 em-Wv A-Xn-sâ ]-Wn- ]q-À-¯n-bm-hp-¶-Xv. 1999 Â- -
ss_¯p-Â- B-cn-^v Jm-³-Jm-ln-sâ ]-Wn-bpw- ]q-À-¯n-bm-bn-. Jm-³-Jm-ln-sâ \n-À-½m-
W- {]-h-À-¯-\w- \-S-¡p-¶-Xn-\n-S-bn-Â- ]-et¸mgpw- cq-£-am-b- km-¼-¯n-I- {]-Xn-kÔn-
A-\p-`-hn-¨n-cp-¶p-. -ssiJp-\m-bpsS I-¿n-Â- ]-W-an-Ãm-¯- \n-c-h-[n- kµ-À-`-§-fp-ïm-bn-
cp-¶p-. A-¯-cw- A-h-kc-§-fn-Â- Ip-«n-I-Ä-¡pw- a-äpw- kv-s]jy-Â- `-£-W-§-fpw- a-äpw-
\-Â-Im-³- {]tXyIw- \n-Àt±in-¡m-dp-ïm-bn-cp-¶p-. At¸mgm-Wv -ssiJp-\m-bpsS I-¿n-
Â- ]-W-an-Ãm-¯- Im-cyw- A-dn-bp-I-. Im-c-Ww- km-¼-¯n-I- _p-²n-ap-«p-I-Ä- h-cp-¶- ka-
b-¯v Zm-\-[-À-½-§-Ä- h-À-²n-¸n-¡p-I-bm-Wv. -ssiJp-\m-bpsS co-Xn-.
 B-gvN-bnsemcn-¡-em-Wv -tPmen-¡m-À-¡v Iq-en- -sImSp-¡m-dv Iq-en-
-sImSp-¡m-³- I-¿nsem¶p-an-Ãm-¯- H-cp- L-«-¯n-em-Wv -ssiJp-\m- C-§s\ {]m-À-°n-
¡p-¶-Xv.
“C-h-À-¡v -tPmen- I-gn-ªv Iq-en- -tNmZn-¨m-Â- F-sâ I-¿n-Â- H-¶p-an-ÃtÃm dtº Cu-
]-Wn-¡-cpsS ap-¶n-Â- Fs¶ \o- h-j-fm-¡-cptX A-Ãm-lpth..."

At¸mgm-Wv -t]mkväv am-³- I-b-dn- h-cp-¶-Xv. I-¿n-Â- C-cp-]-¯-¿m-

bn-cw- cq-]-bpsS -sN¡v B-bn-cp-¶p-. \q-dp-Â- a-im-C-Jv(d-) hn-sâ H-cp- ap-co-Zv Jm-³-Jm-
ln-sâ \n-À-½m-W- {]-h-À-¯-\w- \-S-¡p-¶p- F-¶-dn-ªv -sImSp-¯-b-¨-Xm-Wv. C-§s\
\n-c-h-[n- kw-`-h-§-Ä- ]-et¸mgm-bn- \-S-¶-Xm-bn- -ssiJp-\m- Xs¶ ]n-¶o-Sv ]-d-ªn-
«p-ïv. -ssiJp-\m- X-§-fpsS A-]m-c-am-b- X-h-¡p-en-sâbpw- C-Jvem-kn-sâbpw- {]-Xo-
I-§-fm-Wv A-hn-Sp-¶v \-S-¯n-b- kam-\-am-b- Hmtcm {]-h-À-¯-\-§-fpw-,
2007 em-Wv ssiJp-\m- X-§-Ä- ]o-À-km-Zm- \q-co- im-lv km-\n- (X-z- D-)
X-§sf X-sâbpw- kn-Â-kn-e- B-cn-^n-¿ \q-cn¿- bpsSbpw- Pm-\-io-\m-bn- {]-Jym-]n-
¡p- ¶-Xv. {]-Jym-]-\-¯n-Â- Ir-Xy-am-bn- ]-d-bp-¶p-ïv.
"l-Jv X-B-em- A-]v-t\ ^-fvÂ- sk ]o-dm-³- kem-kn-Â-, _n-Â- Jp-kq-kv ]o-À- \q-
cn- Asseln-À-d-Ò- -sI hm-kv-sX sk , -tPm \n-A-at¯w- A-lvImtam A-kvdm-À- -
sI D-³-hm-³- sk apsP C-\m-b-¯v ^-À-amtb, C-³- X-amw- Im- Ct\ hm-cn-kv K-À-Zm-
³-Xm-lqw- ...
C-{]-Im-cw- F-gp-Xn- -sh¡p-I-bw- kZ-Ên-Â- lm-P-cm-bn-cp-¶- A-¶s¯ \qtdmfw- h-cp-
¶- {]-[m-\n-I-fm-b- Jp-e-^m-¡sf km-£n-I-fm-¡n- A-Xn-Â- H-¸v -sh¸n-¡p-I-bpw- -
sNbvXn-«p-ïv. X-§-Ä-¡v e-`n-¨- F-Ãm- {]-Xy-£-hpw- ]tcm£-hp-am-b- A-\p-{K-l-§-
fpsS A-\-´-cm-h-Im-iw- X-§-fpsS aq-¯- ]p-{X-\m-b- k¿n-Zv A-Ò-Zv ap-bn-±o-³- \q-cn-im-
lv km-\n-(X-z-.D-) X-§-Ä-¡v \-Â-In-b-Xm-bn- \n-d-ª- kZ-Ên-Â- {]-Jym-]n-¡p-I-bp-ïm-
bn-. A-hn-Sps¯ hn-kzm-en-sâ ]-Xn-\-©v h-À-jw- ap-¼m-Wn-Xv \-S-¡p-¶-Xv. A-Xn-\p- -
tijw- 2012 -se d-_o-D-Â- B-J-À- 8 \v _-lp-am-\s¸«- \q-cn-im-lv km-\n-(X-z-D-) X-§-
fpsS
hn-hm-l-¯n-sâ H-cp- Zn-h-kw- ap-¼m-Wv Jn-em-^-¯pw- Jn-À-¡-bpw- \-Â-Ip-¶-Xv. AtX
kµ-À-`-¯n-em-Wv \q-cn-im-lv km-\n- F-¶- \m-a-hpw- \-Â-Is¸Sp-¶-Xv. X-§-Ä-¡pw- C-
{]-Im-cw- hn-hm-l-¯n-sâ H-cp- Zn-h-kw- ap-¼m-Wv Jn-em-^-¯pw- Jn-À-¡-bpw- \-Â-
Is¸«sX¶v -ssiJp-\m- B-cn-^v kÀ-¡m-À- ]-d-bm-dp-ïm-bn-cp-¶p- . Zp-³-bm-hnt\mSp-
Å- F-Ãm- B-{K-l-hpw- -t{]a-hpw- F-sâ lr-Z-b-¯n-Â- \n-¶v -ssiJp-\m- \q-dp-Â- a-jm-
ln-Jv X-§-Ä- ]n-gpsXdn-ªn-cp-¶p sh¶pw- kÀ-¡m-À- kva-cn-¡m-dp-ïv. A-¶p- Xs¶
Im-an-em-b- co-Xn-bn-Â- lm-epw- iq-Jvepw- \-Â-In- Pm-\-io-\m-bn- k¿n-Â- B-cn-^p-²o-³-
Po-em-\n-(d-) X-§sf {]-Jym-]n-¡p-I-bm-bn-cp-¶p- -ssiJp-\m- \q-dp-Â- a-jm-ln-Jv X-§-
Ä-.
kam-\-am-b- co-Xn-bn-Â- Xs¶bm-Wv -ssiJp-\m- X-§-Ä- \q-cn- im-lv km-\n- X-
§sfbpw- F-Ãm- A-³-hm-dp-I-fpsSbpw- A-kvdm-dp-I-fpsSbpw- A-\-´-cm-h-Im-in-bm-bn- -
sXcsªSp-¡p-¶-Xv , C-\n-bm-Às¡¦n-epw- Cu- \n-Ò-¯v e-`n-¡-Wsa¦n-Â- A-Xv Pm-
\-jo-\n-eqsS am-{Xta e-`n-¡p-I-bp-Åpsh¶pw- -ssiJp-\m- X-§-Ä- ]-d-ªn-«p-ïv.
-ssiJp-\m- Jp-Xp-_p-Â- a-jm-ln-Jv (d)- hn-Â- \n-¶v -t\cn-«v -tI«-
kw-`-h-§-fn-Â- Nn-e-Xv :
1984 Â- _-lp-am-\s¸«- \q-dp-Â- a-im-ln-Jv X-§-fpw- c-ïp- a-¡-fpw- A-hn-Sps¯ `m-cy-
bpw- l-Öv I-À-½-¯n-\m-bn- ]p-ds¸«p-. B- ka-b-¯v \q-cn- a-kvI-sâbpw- kvYm-]-\§ - -
fpsSbpw- D-¯-c-hm-Zn-X-zw- Pm-\-io-\m-b- -ssiJp-\m- X-§-Ä-¡m-bn-cp-¶p-. B- ka-b-
¯m-Wv X-§-Ä- Hm-Sn-«- ]-g-b- `-£-W- im-e- am-än- a-kvPn-Zv \q-cn-bpsS Nm-c-¯v H-cp- .X-z-
Bw- Jm-\- \n-À-an-¡p-¶-Xv l-Öv I-gn-ªv h-¶- -ssiJp-\m- \q-dp-Â- a-im-ln-Jv X-§-Ä-
C-Xv I-ïv Gsd k-t´mj-hm-\m-bn-. X-z-Bw- Jm-\- ap-gp-h-³- I-ïv hn-h-c-§Ä - - B-cm-
ª- -tij-am-Wv hn-{i-an-¡m-³- ho-«nte¡v -t]mepw- -t]mb-Xv. ]-et¸mgpw- a-äp-Å-h-
Às¡m¶pw- -sN¿m-³- ]-äm-¯-Xv -sN¿p-Isb¶-Xv _-lp-am-\s¸«- -ssiJp-\m- Jp-Xp-
_p-Â- a-jm-ln-Jv (d)- hn-sâ {]tXyI-X-bm-bn-cp-¶p-. \n-c-h-[n- D-Zm-l-c-W-§-Ä- A-hn-
Sps¯ Po-hn-X-¯n-Â- Im-Wm-³- I-gn-bpw- cq-£-am-bn- A-cn-£m-aw- A-\p-`-hs¸«n-cp-¶-
Im-ew-. C-µn-cm- Km-Ôn-bpsS `-c-W-Im-e-am-Wv. A-¶v \n-b-a-]-c-am-bn- -tdj-³- h-gn- am-
{Xta A-cn- hn-X-c-Ww- -sN¿m-³- ]m-Sp-Åq-. ]m-h-§sf klm-bn-¡p-I-bm-bn-cn-¡pw-
Dt±iw-. ]s£ , ^-e-¯n-Â- kvYm-]-\-§-Ä-¡pw- a-äpw- A-cn- hm-§m-³- h-gn-bn-
ÃmsXbm-bn-. Pm-an-A-bn-Â- ]-Tn-¡p-¶- hn-Zym-À-°n-I-Ä-¡v `-£-Ww- \-Â-Im-³- Gsd {]-
bm-k-s¸«- A-h-kc-am-bn-cp-¶p- A-Xv. \q-dp-Â- am-jm-ln-Jv X-§-Ä- k¿n-Zv B-cn-^p-²o-
³- Po-em-\n-(d-) X-§sf hn-fn-¨p- -thï- ]q-À-¸m-Sp-I-Ä- -sN¿m-³- ]-d-ªp-. A-¶v \q-dp-Â-
a-im-C-Jv(d-) X-§-fpsS Ip-¯- a-cp-a-I-³- Nm-À-an-\m-dn-\-Sp-¯v ]m-epw- a-äpw- hn-Â-¡p-¶-
H-cp- I-S-bp-ïm-bn-cp-¶p-. B- I-S-bn-en-cp-¶v -ssiJp-\m- X-§-Ä- kw-km-cn-¨p- -sImïn-cn-
¡pt¼mgm-Wv ]m-Â- I-¨-h-S-hpw- A-cn-¡-¨-h-S-hpw- \-S-¯n-bn-cp-¶- {Km-ao-W-\m-b- H-cp- I-
À-j-I-³- ]m-Â- hn-Â-¡m-³- -thïn- At§m«v h-¶-Xv. At±lt¯mSv -ssiJp-\m- X-§-
Ä- A-cn- bpsS e-`y-Xsb Ip-dn-¨v B-cm-ªp- R-§-fpsS A-Sp-¡-Â- [m-cm-fw- A-cn-bp-
ïv . ]t£ A-Xv -t\cn-«v hn-Â-¡m- I-gn-bn-Ã-. \n-§-Ä-¡v -thWsa¦n-Â- h-¶v F-Sp-¯v -
sImïv -t]mImw-. C-Xm-bn-cp-¶p-. A-h-cpsS a-dp-]-Sn- -ssiJp-\m- X-§-Ä- I-¨h - -S-ap-d-¸n-
¡p-bpw- . A-¶v cm-{Xn-bn-Â- H-cp- -temdn-bp-am-bn- -sN¶v -temdn- ap-gp-h-³- A-cn-Nm-¡v \n-d-
¡p-I-bpw- -sNbvXp- -tijw- A-Sp-¯- -sdbn-Âth kv-täj-\n-Â- \n-¶v I-Â-¡-cn- hm-§n-
ap-I-Ä- `m-Kw- a-d-¨p- Xn-cn-¨v -t]m¶p-. a-S-¡- bm-{X-bn-Â- -sN¡v -t]mkväv F-¯n-bt¸mÄ-
-ss{Uh-À- h-ïn- sskUm-¡n- ]-d-Rp- . C-\n- h-ïn- Hm-Sn-¡m-³- ]-än-Ã- -sN¡n-Mv D-ïv
-ssiJp-\m- X-§-Ä- D-S-³- A-bmtfmSv asä ko-änte¡v am-dn-bn-cn-¡m-³- ]-d-ªp- -
ssiJp-\m- X-§-Ä- -ss{Uhn-Mv ko-än-en-cp-¶v h-ïnsbSp-¯p-. -sN¡v -t]mkväv
F-¯n-bt¸mÄ- -t]meo-kv h-ïn- X-S-ªp- ]p-d-Inse´msW¶v At\zjn-¨p-. I-Â-¡-
cn- BsW-¶- a-dp-]-Sn-bpw- -sImSp-¯p-. A-bm-Ä- D-Ss\ km-_v \n-§-fm-bn-cpt¶m F-¶v -
tNmZn-¨v -tKäv Xp-d-¶v -sImSp-¯p- A-cn-bp-am-bn- -t\-sc a-\-I-\nse¯n-. ]ntä¶v kp-
_vln-¡v -tijw- X-Bw-Jm-\- bpsS Np-a-X-e-bp-ïm-bn-cp-¶- a-À-lqw- in-lm-_p-±o-³-
`m-bnsb hn-fn-¨v -ssiJp-\m- \q-dp-Â- a-im-C-Jv (d-) X-§-Ä- `-£-W-¯ns\´v -
sN¿psa¶v At\zjn-¨p-. A-cn- C-¶se cm-{Xn- Xs¶ F-¯n-bn-cp-¶tÃm. F-¶m-bn-cp-
¶p-. At±l-¯n-sâ a-dp-]-Sn-. B-cn-^v kÀ-¡m-cm-Wv A-Xv -sImïp-h-¶sX¶pw-
At±lw- A-dn-bn-¨p-. D-Ss\ -ssiJp-\m- k¿n-Zv \q-cn-jm-lv X-§-Ä- a-I-³- B-cn-^p-²o-
³- Po-em-\n- X-§sf hn-fn-¡p-I-bpw- k-t´mjw- A-dn-bn-¡p-I-bpw- -sNbvXp-. C-§s\ H-
cp-]m-Sv A-\p-`-h-§-fp-ïv.
F-{X- hn-e-]n-Sn-¸n-Å- h-kvXp-hmsW¦n-epw- A-Xv \-ãs¸Spt¼mÄ- Hcp- \-ãt_m[w- -
t]mepw- X-§-Ä-¡v -tXm¶n-bn-cp-¶n-Ã-.
A-{X-bpw- ]q-À-®-X-bn-epw- A-Xyp-¶-X-am-b- ]-cn-Xym-K-¯n-sâ A-h-kvY-bn-ep-am-bn-cp-
¶p- \q-dp-Â- am-C- (d-) hn-sâ Po-hn-X- Im-e-¯v Xs¶ -ssiJy-\v k¿n-Zv ap-l-½-Zv B-
cn-ao-³- Po-em-\n-(d-) X-§-Ä- Po-hn-¨n-cp-¶-Xv. G-Xv -tPmen- G-Â-]n-¡s¸«m-epw- A-Xn-
sâ ]q-À-®-X-bn-Â- Xs¶ Im-cy-§-Ä- Xo-À-¡p-¶-h-cm-bn-cp-¶p- X-§-f-h-À-I-Ä- H-cp- F-cp-
asb hm-§ns¡mSp-¯p- h-f-À-¯m-³- ]-d-ªn-cp-¶p-. \q-dp-Â- a-jm-ln-Jv (d-) X-§-Ä-
Ip-d-¨v Im-ew- -sImïv Xs¶ F-¬-]tXmfw- F-cp-a-I-fm-bn- A-Xv -s]cp-In- d-_o-DÂ - -
B-Jn-dn-Â- Po-em-\n- D-dq-kn-sâ A-h-kc-¯n-Â- A-Xv ap-gp-h-³- hn-Â-¡p-I-bpw- -sNbvXp-.
asämc-h-kc-¯n-Â- ]-e- N-c-¡v I-S- -sh¨v -sImSp-¯p- h-fsc Ip-d-ª- ka-b-¯n-\p-
Ån-Â- \m-e-©v -tPmen-¡m-cp-Å- kvYm-]-\-am-bn- A-Xv h-f-À-¶p- A-[n-Iw- -sshImsX
Xs¶ H-cp- ao-em-Zv ]-cn-]m-Sn-¡v -thïn- I-S- ap-gp-h-³- hn-Â-¡m-³- \n-ÀtZin-¨p-.
bmsXmcp- k-t¦mN-hpw- Iq-SmsX A-Xv ap-gp-h-³- At¸mÄ- Xs¶ hn-Â-¡p-Ib - pw- -
sNbvXp-. A-h-km-\-am-bn- -ssiJp-\m- X-§-Ä- -sNbvXv -tPmen- C-ãn-I-bp-ïm-¡p-¶- H-
cp- I-¼-\n-bpsS \-S-¯n-¸m-bn-cp-¶p-. [m-cm-fw- -tPmen-¡m-cpw- -temdn-I-fpw- kz-´-am-bp-
Å-
Ip-d-¨p- IqsS hn-im-e-am-b- H-cp- _n-kn-\-kv B-bn-cp-¶p- A-Xv. -tIc-f-¯n-Â- \n-¶v Nn-
e- ]-cn-]m-Sn-I-fn-Â- ]s¦Sp-¯v Xn-cnsI h-cp-¶- H-c-h-kc-¯n-Â- -ssiJp-\m- \q-dp-Â- a-
im-C-J-(d-) X-§-Ä- -ssiJp-\mtbmSv -tNmZn-¨p-.
“B-cm-Wv \n-§sf bm-{X-bm-¡m-³- h-¶-Xv?”
]o-À- `m-bn-am-À-... -ssiJp-\m- X-§-Ä- {]-Xn-h-Nn-¨p-.
“A-h-À- B-cm-Wv? hn-i-zm-kn-Itfm A-hn-i-zm-kn-Itfm “kw-i-bsa´v, hn-i-zm-kn-I-Ä-
Xs¶. X-§-Ä- a-dp-]-Sn- ]-d-ªp-.
ap-A-an-\o-§-fpsS-sbm-s¡ kzo-I-c-W-hpw- bm-{X-b-b-¸psam-s¡ G-äp- hm-§n-bn-«v \n-
§-Ä- ho-ïpw- C-ãn-I- -tPmen-¡m-cpsS A-Spt¯¡mtWm -t]mIp-¶-Xv C-ãn-I- I-¼-
\n- C-¶v ap-X-Â- H-gn-hm-¡-Ww-"
AtXm-sS X-§-Ä- B- -tPmen-bpw- Dt]£n-¨psh¶v am-{X-a-Ã-, [m-cm-fw- ap-X-ep-I-Ä- Xn-
cn-¨p- In-«m-\p-Å- B- kvYm-]-\-¯nte¡v -t]mbn- -t\m¡n-bn-«p- -t]mep-an-Ã-. A-¶v -
ssiJp-\m- \q-dp-Â- a-im-C-Jv(d-) X-§-Ä- -ssiJp-\m- X-§-f-h-À-I-Ä-¡v A-ªq-dv cq-]- -
t]m¡-äv a-Wn-bm-bn- \-Â-In-. C-§s\ -ssiJp-\m- \q-dp-Â- a-im-C-(d-) X-§-Ä- \n-c-´-cw-
Xo-£-W-am-b- X-À-_n-¿-¯n-\v hnt[b-am-¡n- h-f-À-¯nsbSp-¯- a-lm-\m-Wv Jp-Xp-_p-
Â- a-im-C-Jv F-¶-dn-bs¸Sp-¶- -ssiJp-\m- k¿n-Zv B-cn-^p-±o-³- Po-em-\n-(d-) X-§-Ä-,
h-fsc Ir-Xy-hpw- I-Wn-i-hp-am-b- co-Xn-bn-em-Wv -ssiJp-\m- X-§-fpsS X-Ëo-ap-I-Ä- H-
cp- hn-j-bw- N-À-¨- -sN¿p-I-bmsW¦n-Â- B-Zyw- A-Xn-sâ kz-lo-lm-b- hm-¡p-I-fm-bn-
cn-¡pw- N-À-¨-bn-Â- h-cn-I-. ]ns¶ A-Xn-sâ a-Ó-, ]ns¶ ^-Òv ]ns¶ an-kvZm-Jv, A-a-
Â- ]ns¶ lm-Â- C-§s\ {I-a-{]-hr-²-am-b- co-Xn-bm-Wv. X-§-Ä- X-Ëo-an-Â- kzo-I-cn-
¨n-cp-¶-Xv. X-À-_n-¿-¯pw- X-kvIn-b-¯p-am-bn-cp-¶p-. X-§-Ä- h-fsc {]-[m-\-am-bn-¡-ïn-
cp-¶-Xv. X-Ën-an-sâ kvY-e-§-Ä-¡-\p-kcn-¨- A-Xn-sâ -ssI^n-¿-¯pw- am-dn-bn-cp-¶p-. Z-
À-Km- i-co-^n-sâ `m-K-¯n-cn-¡pt¼mgm-Wv Iq-Sp-X-epw- a-B-cn-^v, l-Jm-C-Jv -t]m-sebp-
Å- hn-j-b-§-Ä- -ssIIm-cyw- -sNbvXn-cp-¶-Xv.
H-cp- Im-cyw- ]-Tn-¸n-¡pt¼mÄ- A-Xv Ir-Xy-am-bn- A-h-X-cn-¸n-¡p-I-bpw- A-Xn-\p- -tijw- ap-
co-Zp-I-Ä- Im-cyw- {K-lns¨¶v -t_m[ys¸Sp-¯m-³- Xn-cn-¨pw- a-dn-¨pw- -tNmZy-§-Ä- -tNmZn-
¡p-I-bpw- -sN¿p-am-bn-cp-¶p-. A-Jm-C-Zntebpw- Z-Jm-C-Jntebpw- Hmtcm kq-£va-am-b- hn-
j-b-§-Ä- ]-e- kµ-À-`-§-fn-em-bn- ]-e- co-Xn-bn-Â- a-\-Ên-em-¡n-¯-cp-am-bn-cp-¶p-.
X-h-Öp-lv _- l-Jv F-´m-Wv X-h-Öp-lv _- -ssKÀ- l-Jv' F-´m-Wv Xp-S-§n- Hmtcm
]m-T-§-fpw- Gsd ka-bsaSp-¯v ]-e- co-Xn-I-fn-em-bn- hn-i-Zo-I-cn-¡p-I-. -ssiJp-\m- X-§-
fpsS H-cp- co-Xn-bm-bn-cp-¶p-. -ss_¯p-Â- B-cn-^v Jm-³-Jm-lv ]-Wn-I-gn-ª-Xn-\p- -tij-
ap-Å- B-Zy- Nn-Ã-bnse hn-j-bw- \m-ep- X-cw- \-^vkp-I-Ä- A-h-bpsS Zq-jy-§-fn-Â- \n-¶v
c-£s¸Sm-\p-Å- h-gn-I-fp-am-bn-cp-¶psh¶-Xv C-¶pw- Hm-Às¯Sp-¡m-³- I-gn-bp-¶- H-cp- Im-
cy-am-Wv.

-ssiJp-\m- X-§-fpsS hn-kzm-en-sâ ap-¼v -tcmK-§-fpw- a-äp- _p-²n-ap-«p-I-fpw- -sImïv

Gsd {]-bm-k-s¸«n-«p-ïv. \m-ep- am-kw- sF-.kn-.bp- hn-Â- kvYn-c-am-bn- In-St¡ïn- h-¶p-.
kz-´w- I-dm-a-¯p-I-fpw- A-Ãm-lp- X-B-e-bpsS A-Sp-¯p-Å- kvYm-\-hpw- `-u-Xn-I-am-b- {]-
bm-k§-fn-Â- \n-¶v c-£s¸Sm-³- D-]tbmKn-¡m-³- ]m-Snsöv _-lp-am-\s¸«-h-À- ]-d-bm-
dp-ïm-bn-cp-¶p-. A-Xn-sâ b-Ym-À-°- A-a-em-Wv A-h-km-\- Im-e-¯v \-ap-¡v Im-Wm-³- I-
gn-ª-Xv. A-Ãm-lp-hn-sâ Xr-]vXn-bm-Wv Zo-³- F-¶- ]m-Tw- A-h-À- Po-hn-Xw- -sImïv Im-Wn-
¨p- X-¶p-. \m-ep- am-kw- -sIb-À- bq-\n-än-Â- In-S-¶t¸mgpw- ]q-À-®-am-b- £-a-b-h-ew-`n-¨p-.

A-Ãm-lp-hn-sâ A-]m-c-am-b- Im-cp-Wy-hpw- -ssiJp-\m- X-§-fpsS {]tXyI-am-b- X-h-Öp-

lpw- Im-c-W-am-bn- -ssiJp-\m- X-§sf a-{´n-¡m-³- Cu- hn-\o-Xs\bm-Wv G-Â-]n-¨X - v. h-
^m-¯n-sâ H-cp- Zn-h-kw- apt¼, a-{´n-¡p-¶- ka-b-¯v X-§-fpsS \m-hn-f-Ip-¶- i-Ðw- -
tI«p-. F-´m-Wv -samgn-bp-¶sX¶-dn-bm-³- Rm-³- Iq-Sp-X-Â- {i-²n-¨p-. em- C-em-l- C-ÃÃ - m-
lv F-¶v -sNmÃp-I-bm-bn-cp-¶psh¶v \m-hv C-f-Ip-¶-Xv. I-ïv F-\n-¡v -t_m²ys¸«p-.

B- ka-b-¯pw- -ssiJp-\m- I-en-a- -sNmÃns¡mïn-cn- ¡p-I-bm-bn-cp-¶p-. ]ntä¶v Rm-bd - m-

gv¨- A-kvX-an-¨- cm-{Xn-bm-Wv -ssiJp-\m- X-§-Ä- hn-kzm-em-Ip-¶-Xv.
-ssiJp-\m-bpsS Ip-Spw-_-§-fpw- Jp-e-^m- -t\Xm-¡-fpw- AsË kn-evkn-e-bpw- \n-d-ª-
kZ-Êv , F-Ãm-h-cpw- D-¨-¯n-Â- _p-À-Z- i-co-^v -sNmÃn-b- -tijw- bm-ko-³- Hm-Xn- ]ns¶
em-C-em-l- C-Ã-Ãm-lv F-¶- I-en-a- -sNmÃns¡mïn-cn-¡pt¼mÄ- ln-Pvd- 1443 , i-l-_m-³-
10, 2022 am-À-¨v 13 , Xn-¦-fm-gvN- cm-hv 8 .15 sâbpw- 8 . 30 sâbpw- C-S-bn-Â- A-Ãm-lp-hn-sâ
hn-fn-¡-h-À- D-¯-cw- \-Â-In-, A-Ûp-X-I-c-am-b- H-cp- hn-kzm-em-bn-cp-¶p- A-Xv. A-Xv hscbp-
ïm-bn-cp-¶- £o-Wtam {]-bm-k-tam H-¶pw- B- ]p-Wy- i-co-c-¯n-Â- A-htijn-¡p-¶n-
Ãm-bn-cp-¶p-. ap-Jw- h-ÃmsX {]-Im-in-¡p-¶p-ïm-bn-cp-¶p-. U-bm-en-kn-kv -sN¿pt¼mgp-ïm-
b- i-co-c-¯nse ap-dn-hn-Â- \n-¶v c-àw- h-cptam-sb¶v `-b-ap-ïm-bn-cp-¶p- Iq-Sn-b-hÀ - ¡
- v
F-¶m-Â- B- `-bs¯-sbm-s¡ A-kvYm-\-¯m-¡n- -sImïm-Wv -ssiJp-\m- X-§-Ä- In-S-
¶-Xv. H-cp- ]-Xn-\-©v h-À-jw- ap-¼v A-hn-Sps¯ i-co-cw- F-§s\bm-bn-cpt¶m B- Np-dp-
Np-dpt¡m-sS... A-Ãm-lp- X-B-e- -ssiJp-\m- X-§-fpsS Z-d-P- D-b-À-¯ns¡mSp-¡s«,
A-h-cpsS {]tXyI-am-b- -t\m«-¯n-Â- \mtahscbpw- Zp-³-bm-hn-epw- B-Jn-d-¯n-epw- H-cp-an-
¨v Iq-«p-am-dm-hs«, B-ao-³-
l-kvd-¯v k¿n-Zv \q-cn-im-lv km-\n- X-§-fpw ap-^vXn- J-eo-Â- A-Ò-Zv km-ln-_pw- -”P-\m-k”¡-cn-In-Â-

ap-co-Z-·m-cpsS km-\n-[y-¯n-Â- P-\m-k a-d-hp- -sN¿p-¶p-

sjbvJv k¿n-Zv B-cn-^p-²o-³- Po-em-\n-bpsS hn-kz-mepw-

hn-kz-men-\v - -tijw- Xp-S-À-¶v -sImïn-cn-¡p-¶- -ss^km-\pw-

l-kvd-¯v k¿n-Zv ap-l-½-Zv B-cn-^p-²o-³- Po-em-\n- (d-) bpsS aq-¶n-\v H-cp-an-¨p- Iq-Sn-b- P-\-k©-bw-
 F-¶pw- K-u-kp-Â- A-lvkan-sâ -t]c-Ip-«n-Itfm-sSm¸w-
\q-dp-
dp-Â- a-jm-
dp jm-ln-
jm ln-Jn-
ln Jn-sâ
Jn sâ kvYm-m-\o-bs\
bs\
bs
F-¶pw-
¶pw- -s\-t©mSv
¶pw t©mSv -tNÀ-
tNÀ-¯v
tNÀ ¯v -tIc-
tIc-fw-
tIc fw- …....
fw
A-¶v

]m-d-¸p-dw- -ssiJp-\m-bpsS -t\Xr-X-z-¯n-Â- -s]m¶m-\n- a-JvZq-am-_m-Zn-Â- kw-L-Sn-¸n-¡s¸«-

k-t½f-\-¯n-\v \q-dp-Â- a-jm-ln-Jn-sâ hn-kz-men-\v -tijw- B-Zy-am-bn- -tIc-f-¯nse¯n-b- -
ssiJp-\m- k¿n-Zv ap-l-½-Zv B-cn-^p-²o-³- Po-em-\n- (d-) -sb A-ao-dm-bn-cp-¶- ]m-d-¸p-dw- -
ssiJp-\-bpw- {]-kn-U-âm-bn-cp-¶- G-ew-Ip-fw- D-kvXm-Zpw- -sdbn-Âth kv-täj-\n-Â- -shNv
kzo-I-cn-¡p-¶p-.
C-¶v

J-eo-^- F- -sI A-e-hn- D-kvXm-Zn-sâ -t\Xr-X-z-¯n-Â- -sIm-tïm«n-bn-Â- kw-L-Sn-¸n-¡s¸«-

A-Â- B-cn-^v a-kvPn-Zn-\v X-d-¡-Ãn-S-Â- N-S-§n-\v -ssiJp-\m- k¿n-Zv ap-l-½-Zv B-cn-^p-²o-³-
Po-em-\n- (d-) sâ hn-kz-men-\v -tijw- B-Zy-am-bn- -tIc-f-¯nse¯n-b- -ssiJp-\m- k¿n-Zv
\q-cn-jm-km-\n- Po-em-\n- X-§sf {]-kn-U-ïv bq-kp-^v D-kvXm-Zpw- A-ao-À- am-Wq-À- kn- Fw-
D-kvXm-Zpw- Im-en-¡-äv F-b-À- -t]mÀ-«n-Â- -shNv kzo-I-cn-¡p-¶p-
 k¿n-Zv B-cn-^p-²o-³- Po-em-\n-bpsS (d-) \m-ev]-¯n-sâ -tbmK-¯n-Â-
k¿n-Zv \q-cn-jm-lv km-\n- Po-em-\n X-§-Ä- - {]-`m-j-Ww- \-S-¯p-¶p-

-sjbvJv k¿n-Zv B-cn-^p-²o-³- Po-em-\n-bpsS hn-kz-mepw-

hn-kz-men-\v - -tijw- Xp-S-À-¶v -sImïn-cn-¡p-¶- -ss^km-\pw-
k¿n-Zv ap-l-½-Zv B-cn-^p-²o-³- Po-em-\n-bpsS (d-) hn-kzm-en-\v-sS Zn-h-khpw- aq-¶n-\pw-
\m-ev]-Xn-\pw- \q-cn- a-kvI-³- C-¶v hsc Im-Wm-¯-{X- P-\-k©-b-am-Wv H-cp-an-¨p- Iq-Sn-b-
Xv, A-h-À-¡v -thï- `-£-W-hpw- Xm-a-khpw- -t\m¼p-Xp-d-bpsaÃmw- Zn-h-k§tfmfw- F-¶v
am-{X-a-Ã- Ct¸mgpw- H-c-Xn-Yn- -sb kzo-I-cn-¡p-¶- -t]m-se A-hn-Sps¯ Pm-\-io-³- k¿n-Zv
\q-cn-jm-lv km-\n- \-Â-Ins¡mïn-cn-¡p-¶p…
Cu- dw-km-\n-Â- -t\m¼v Xp-d-¡v Hmtcm - Zn-h-khpw- - 5 In-³-U-Â- `-£-W-am-Wv H-cp- -
t\cw- k¿n-Zv \q-cn-jm-lv km-\n- X-§-Ä- H-cp-¡n-bn-cp-¶-Xv. km-[m-c-W- k-t½f-\§ - -fn-Â-
Im-Wp-¶-Xv -t]m-se ]n-cnshSp-¯n-«-Ã- CsXm¶pw- \-S-¯p-¶-Xv, X-\n-¡v kz-´-am-bn- A-
Åm-lp- \-Â-Ip-¶- ]-W-¯n-Â- \n-¶m-Wv A-h-À- A-Ãm-lp-hn-sâ h-gn-bn-Â- k©-cn-¡p-¶-
A-Sn-a-I-Ä-¡v Cu- Nn-e-h-gn-¡p-¶-Xv, kr-ãn-Isf B-{i-bn-¡msX kr-ãm-hns\ am-{Xw-
B-{i-bn-¡p-¶- D-¶-X-am-b-h-cpsS A-h-kvY- Cu- {]m-b-¯n-Â- Xs¶ A-h-À- -ssIh-cn-¨n-
cn-¡p-¶p-
- AsX A-Xv K-u-kp-Â- A-lvkan-\v-sS Z-À-_m-dm-Wv A-hnsS H-cp-Ip-d-
hpw- D-ïm-hp-I-bn-Ã-, A-Xv F-¶pw- \n-e-\n-Â-¡p-I-Xs¶ -sN¿pw- C-³-im-A-Ãm-lv.
Cu- P-\-k©-bs¯ \q-dp-Â- a-jm-ln-Jpw- Jp-Xp-_p-Â- a-jm-ln-Jpw- C-Â-apw- C-À-^m-\pw-
\-evIp-¶sX-s§-s\bmtWm AtX co-Xn-bn-Â- A-hn-Sps¯ ]n-³-Km-an- {]m-b-¯n-Â- I-hn-
ª- ]m-I-Xtbm-sS k¿n-Zv \q-cn-jm-lv km-\n- \n-À-h-ln-¡p-¶-Xv \-ap-¡v Im-Wm-³- I-gn-
ªp-
\m-ev]-¯n-sâ ]-cn-]m-Sn-bn-Â- -sh¨v k¿n-Zv a-fvl-dp-²o-³- Po-em-\n-¡pw- k¿n-Zv ap-
_o-\p-²o-³- _n-bm-_m-\n-¡pw- Pm-\-io-³- k¿n-Zv \q-cn-jm-lv km-\n- Po-em-\n- X-§Ä- - Jn-
em-^-Xv \-Â-Ip-I-bp-ïm-bn.

Cu- Im-cy-§sfÃmw- C-§s\ kp-K-am-bn- \-S-¡p-¶psh¦n-Â- A-Xv F-sâ -ssiJn-sâ -

ss^km-³- am-{X-amsW¶v k¿n-Zv \q-cn-jm-lv km-\n- A-hnsS Iq-Sn-b-htcmSv ]-d-bp-I-bp-
ïm-bn-
 sjbvJv k¿n-Zv B-cn-^p-²o-³- Po-em-\n-bpsS hn-kz-mepw-
Xp-S-À-¶v -sImïn-cn-¡p-¶- -ss^km-\pw-

k¿n-Zv B-cn-^p-²o-³- Po-em-\n-bpsS d-u-f- bpsS kao-]w- -t\m¼v Xp-d-¡p-¶- ap-co-Z-·m-À- B-Im-i- Zr-iyw-

- k¿n-Zv B-cn-^p-²o-³- Po-em-\n-bpsS hn-kz-men-\v -tij-ap-Å- ssiJp-\m- k¿n-Zv \q-cn-jm-lv Po-em-\n-

bpsS am-km-´- ^m-Xn-l- d-u-f \q-cn-¿-bn-Â- -

\m-ev]-¯n-sâ ]-cn-]m-Sn-bn-Â- -sh¨v k¿n-Zv a-fvl-dp-²o-³- Po-em-\n-¡pw- k¿n-Zv ap-_o-\p-²o-³- _n-bm-

_m-\n-¡pw- Pm-\-io-³- k¿n-Zv \q-cn-jm-lv km-\n- Po-em-\n- X-§-Ä- Jn-em-^-Xv \-Â-Ip-¶p-

^q-bq-kmsX B-cn-^v F-¶- _p-¡v {]-Im-i-\w- -sN¿p-¶p-

 k½-
k½-Xw-
Xw- -tXSn-
Xw tXSn-
tXSn
a-Zo-
Zo-\- ap-
Zo ap-\-Æ-d-bnte¡v
bnte¡v …

k¿n-Zv ap-l-½-Zv B-cn-^p-²o-³- Po-em-\n-bpsS (d-) hn-kz-men-sâ -tijw- X-»o-Kn-\v -

thïn- C-d-§p-¶-Xn-\v X-sâ D-¸m-¸-bm-b- ap-l-½-Zv kÃ-Ãm-lp- Asseln- h-kÃ-a-bpsS
d-u-kbn-Â- -t]mbn- k½-Xw- ]-d-ªn-«v -thWw- -s]mXp- -thZn-bn-Â- h-cm-³- F-¶v k¿n-Zv
\q-cn-jm-lv km-\n- X-§-Ä- B-{K-ln-¨- {]-Im-cw- Dw-d- \n-À-h-ln-¡p-I-bpw- a-Zo-\- i-co-^n-Â-
d-kq-ep-Ãm-sâ A-Sp-¡-Â- kn-bm-d-Xv -sN¿p-I-bpw- -sNbvXp-. A-hnsS -sh¨v ap-co-Zm-b- ku-
Zn-¡m-c-\m-b- -sjbvJv \-_o-Â- F-¶- A-d-_n- ]-u-c-\v Jn-em-^-Xv \-Â-Ip-I-bpw- s - NbvXp-
.

k¿n-Zv \q-cn-jm-lv km-\n- X-§-Ä- a-Zo-\- i-co-^n-Â- sh¨v ap-co-Zm-b- ku-Zn-¡m-c-\m-b-

-sjbvJv \-_o-Â- F-¶- A-d-_n- ]-u-c-\v Jn-em-^-Xv \-Â-Ip-¶p-

kn-Â-kn-e- \q-cn-¿- Pm-\-io-³- k¿n-Zv \q-cn-jm-lv km-\n- X-§-Ä-¡v a-Zo-\- ap-\-Æ-d-bn-Â- \-Â-In-b-
kzo-I-c-W-¯n-Â- -ssiJv \-_o-Â- kw-km-cn-¡p-¶p-
 \q-dp-Â- D-e-a- ssiJv v C-{_m-low- J-eo-ep-Ãm- jm-lv \q-cn- d-
F- hn-
hn- A-Ðp-
Ðp-Â- d-low-
Ðp low- l-k\n-
low
a-e-¸p-dw- Pn-Ã-bnse -s]m¶m-\n-¡-Sp-¯p-Å- -t]m¯-\q-cn-Â- ap-ly-²o-³- ^m-¯n-a- Z-¼X - n-I-
fpsS a-I-\m-bn- 1931 ÂP-\n-¨p.
-sNdp-¸-¯n-Â- Xs¶ ]n-Xm-hv a-c-Ws]«-Xn-\m-Â- D-½-bpsS kw-c-£-W-¯n-Â- b-¯o-am-bn-«m-
Wv -ssiJp-\- h-f-À-¶-Xv . Hm-¯p-]-Ån-bn-Â- \n-¶v {]-Y-an-I- ]-T-\-o ]q-À-¯n-bm-¡n-b- -tijw-
h-en-bp-Ãm- F-S-¡p-fw- I-½p- ap-kven-bm-cpsS Z-À-kn-Â- ]-T-\-am-cw-`n-¨p-. X-^vko-À- l-Zo-kv ^n-
Jvlv a-³-Xn-Jv Xp-S-§n-b- hn-j-b-§-fn-Â- A-Km-X- ]m-Ôn-Xyw- -t\Sn- . in-jy-sâ I-gn-hv Xn-cn-
¨-dn-R-
D-kvYm-Zv F-S-¡p-f-¯v Xs¶ X-sâ Z-À-kn-Â- c-ïmw- ap-Z-cn-kv B-bn- \ntbmKn-¨p-.
-tijw- I-·-\w- -t]m¯-\q-À-Im-À- B-h-iy- -s]«-Xp- {]-Im-cw- I-½p- D-kvXm-Zv A-hntS¡v ap-Z-
cn-Êm-bn- ]-d-R-b-¨p-.
Z-À-kpw- X-»o-Jpw- ka-\-z-bn-¸n-¨p- -sImïv -t]mIp-¶-Xn-\n-S-bn-Â- H-cp- Zn-\w- X-sâ s - siJn-
sâ \n-ÀtZiw- h-¶p-
Z-À-kv ]-Tn-¸n-¡m-\pw- i-co-A-¯v ]-Tn-¸n-¡m-\pw- -tIc-f-¯n-Â- ]-Ôn-X-À- A-\-h-[n-bp-ïv \n-
§-f-Ã-¦n-Â- asämcm-Ä- A-Xv `w-Kn-bm-bn- \n-À-h-ln-¡pw- ]s£ C-kvem-an-sâ Im-X-em-b- X-u-
lo-Zn-sâ hn-Úm-\w- P-\-§-fnte¡-¯n-¡m-³- ]-ïn-X-À- hn-cf - -am-Wv. A-Xn-\m-Â- \n-§Ä- - Z-
À-kv H-gn-hm-¡n- ]q-À-W- ap-X-h-¡n-em-bn- ap-gp-h-³- ka-b-hpw- X-»o-Jn-\v C-d-§-Ww- , ]ns¶ c-
ïm-asXm¶mtemNn-¡msX Z-À-kv -tPmen- Dt]£n-¨p- X-_-en-Jn-\n-d-§n- .
C-em-ln- Nn-´-bn-ÃmsX ]-T-\- {]m-bw- I-gn-ª- C-\n- H-cp- h-gn-Im-«n-bn-Ãm- F-¶- hn-[¯ - n-Â-
\n-kv¡-cn-¡msX -t\m-s¼Sp-¡msX I-f-fv I-©m-hv No-«v I-fn- Xp-S-§n- \n-in-²taJ-e-Isf
hm-cn-]p-W-À-¶v Po-hn-¨n-cp-¶- B-bn-c-§sf A-h-cpsS -tI{µ-§-fn-Â- -sN¶v -ssI-t¿m-sS ]n-Sn-
Iq-Sn- \n-kvIm-c-a-dn-bm-¯-hsc \n-kvI-cw- ]-Tn-¸n-¨pw- a-äpw- ]q-À-W- i-co-A-¯p-Å- hy-àn-I-fm-
¡n- am-än-b- -tijw- A-h-cn-Â- B-ßn-b-Úm-\-¯n-sâ e-l-cn- ]-I-À-¶p- \-Â-In- A-Ãm-lp-
hns\ A-h-cpsS C-ã-¡m-c-\m-¡n- am-än-.
i-co-A-¯n-e-Sn-bp-dp-¨p-\n-Â-¡p-I- F-¶-Xm-Wv G-ä-hpw- h-en-b- I-dm-a-¯v F-¶- b-Ym-À-
Xy-¯n-sâ -s]mcp-fm-bn-cp-¶p- ]m-d-¸p-dw- -ssiJp-\-.
C-kvem-an-I- Np-äp-]m-Sn-Â- \n-¶-I-¶v I-gn-ªn-cp-¶- B-bn-c-§sf kÂ-]m-´m-hnte¡v
\-bn-¡m-³- H-cp- -t\m«tam H-cp- hms¡m a-Xn-bm-bn-cp-¶p- -ssiJp-\-¡v .
hn-hm-lw-
hn-hm-lw- -thï- F-¶v Xo-cp-am-\ns¨ -ssiJp-\- ]s£ D-kvYm-Zn-sâbpw- D-½-bpsSbpw-
\n-À-_-Ô-¯n-\v h-g-§n- hn-hm-l-¯n-\v k½-Xw- Im-Spt¡ïn- h-¶p- . ap-¯v\-_n- (kz-)
bpsS -t]c-Ip-«n- k¿n-Zv bq-kp-^v -sshem-bn- X-§-fpsS a-I-fpsS -t]c-Ip-«n-bm-b- lm-P-
d- F-¶- hsc bm-Wv kl-[-À-a-Wn- bm-bn- e-`n-¨-Xv. A-Ðp-Â- d-Òm-³- A-Ðp-Â- d-low- a-
À-lqw- ^-fvep-d-Òm-³- F-¶o- aq-¶v B-¬-Ip-«n-I-fpw- ^m-Xn-a- J-Zo-P- a-À-lq-a- dp-Jn-b- D-
½p- Ip-Â-kp- B-bn-i- -ssaaq-\- F-¶o- B-dv -s]¬-Ip-«n-I-fpw- P-\n-¨p-. Z-£n-W- -tIc-f-
kn-Â-kn-e- \q-cn-¿- A-ao-dpw- h-en-bp-Ãm-ln- CM _m-¸p- ap-kveym-cpsS a-I-\p-am-b- A-Ðp-
Â- Jm-Zn-À- ap-kven-bm-À- , Avk \q-À- a-u-e-hn- , l-kvc-¯v \-{Zo- jm-lv \q-cn-bpsS a-I-³-
TP A-Ðp-Â- Jm-Zn-À- ap-kven-bm-À-, ap-l-½-Zv Ip-«n- a-u-e-hn- A-Â- lm-Zn- I-a-dp-²o-³- J-eo-
en- k!!ss!!X-e-hn- _m-J-hn-, P-ao-e- , lp-k!!ss!!³- _m-J-hn- Pn-±- bpsS a-I-Ä- kp-a-¿-
F-¶n-h-À- Pm-am-Xm-¡-fm-Wv.
ss_A-¯v
1951 Â- Xn-cp-cn-Â- ap-lv b-²o-³- -ssiJn-sâ -t]c-Ip-«n-¡v kzo-I-c-Ww- \-Â-Ip-¶p- F-
¶-dn-R- ]m-d-¸p-dw- -ssiJp-\- {]-kvXp-X- ]-cn-]m-Sn-bn-Â- kw-¼-Ôn-¡p-I-bpw-
B- -t]c-Ip-«nsb I-¬-Ip-fn-Às¡ Im-Wp-I-bpw- Gsd Xm-a-kn-bmsX \q-dp-Â- a-im-CJ - y-
am-bn- -ss_A-¯v -sNbvXp- B- a-lm- I-®n-bn-Â- H-cp- I-®n-bm-bn- am-dp-I-bpw- -sNbvXp-

Jn-em-^-¯v
1960 Xn-\v ap-¼v -sslZ-cm-_m-Zn-Â- -ssiJp-\-bpsS kp-lv_-¯n-Â- C-cn-¡p-I-bm-bn-cp-¶-
l-kvc-¯v \-{Zn-im-lv \q-cnsb hn-fn-¨p- \q-dp-Â- a-im-C-Jv ]-d-ªp- \n-§-Ä- F-{X-bpw- -
thKw- -tIc-f-¯n-Â- -t]mbn- C-{_m-low- ap-kven-bmsc Iq-«n- h-c-Ww- D-Ss\ At²lw- -
tIc-f-¯nte¡v h-cn-I-bpw- -ssiJp-\m- X-§-fpsS I-Â-]-\- ]m-d-¸p-dw- -ssiJp-\msb
A-dn-bn-¡p-I-bpw- Xm-a-kw-hn-\m- A-h-À- -sslZ-cm-_m-Znte¡v ]p-ds¸«p- . -sslZ-cm-_m-
Zn-Â- F-¯n-b- D-Ss\ Xs¶ \q-dp-Â- a-im-C-Jv ]m-d-¸p-dw- -ssiJp-\- ¡v Nn-ivXn- Jm-Zn-cn-
X-z-co-J-¯n-sâ \n-bm-_-¯n-sâ Jn-em-^-¯v \-Â-In- B-Z-cn-¨p- Jn-em-^-¯v e-`n-¨- ]m-
d-¸p- -ssiJp-\- ¡v At_m[m-h-kvY- A-\p-`-hs]Sp-I-bpw- -t_m[w- -sXfn-ªt¸mÄ-
\q-dp-Â- a-im-C-Jn-sâ a-Sn-bnte¡v X-sâ in-c-Êv F-Sp-¯v -sh¨p- C-cn-¡p-I-bm-bn-
cps¶¶v -ssiJp-\- Xs¶ ]-et¸mgpw- A-\p-kva-cn-¡m-dp-ïv ]n-¶o-St§m«v B-bn-c§ - -
Ä- A-hnsS-s¯ I-cw- ]n-Sn-¨p- -ss_A-¯v -sN¿p-I-bpw- X-sâ -ssiJm-b- \q-dp-Â- a-im-
C-Jn-sâ ]m-X-bnte¡v -tNÀ-¡p-I-bpw- -sNbvXp- -tijw- 1962 \v -tijw- ap-Xve-J-³- Jn-
em-^-¯pw- \-Â-In- B-Z-cn-¨p-.

(1962 \v ap-¼v ]m-d-¸p-dw- -ssiJp-\m- bp-am-bn- -ss_A-¯v -sNbvX- A-Ðp-Â- d-Òm-³- lm-Pn- -tNI-\q-À-
, ]p-d-¯q-À- A-_p-¡- Xp-S-§n-b- ap-co-Z-·m-À- C-¶v Po-hn-¨n-cn-¡p-¶-h-cn-Â- Nn-e-cm-Wv A-Åm-lp- B-^n-b-
¯p-Å- Zo-cvKm-bp-Êv \-Â-Is« B-ao-³-)
1957 \v ap-¼v am-Wq-À- A-§m-Sn-bn-Â- h-en-bp-Ãm-ln- _m-¸p- ap-kven-bm-cpsS -t\Xr-Xz- -
¯n-Â- lpss-k³- ap-kven-bm-cpsS l-Öv bm-{Xbp-am-bn- _-Ôs]«v H-cp- a-X-{]-kw-K-
]-c-¼-c- kw-L-Sn-¸n-¡s]«p- {]-kvXp-X- ]-cn-]m-Sn-bn-Â- -sh¨m-Wv am-Wq-À- a-{Z-k bpsS
{]m-cw-`- {]-h-À-¯-\-M-Ä- Xp-S-¡-an-Sp-¶-Xv
1957 Â- Xs¶ Xm-Â-¡n-e-am-bn- ¢m-kp-I-Ä- Xp-S-§nsb¦n-ep- hn-`p-e-am-b- co-Xn-bn-Â- \q-
dp-Â- a-im-bn-Jns\ (d-) ]s¦Sp-¸n-¨p- -sImïv 1963 Â- A-©mw- hm-À-jn-I- k-t½f-\w-
kw-L-Sn-¸n-¨p-
{]-kvXp-X- k-t½f-\-¯n-Â- -sh¨m-Wv \q-dp-Â- a-im-C-Jv _m-¸p- ap-kven-bm-À-¡v Jn-em-
^-¯v \-Â-Ip-¶-Xv -thZn-bn-Â- J-eo-^-am-cm-bn- D-ïm-bn-cp-¶- lpss-k³ ap-kven-bm-
cpsSbpw- ]m-d-¸p-dw- -ssiJp-\- bpsSbpw- Jn-em-^-¯n-sâ ap-ïp-I-Ä- hm-§n- H-¶v X-e-
bn-Â- -sI«n- -sImSp-¡p-I-bpw- a-ä-Xv I-gp-¯n-en-«psImSp-¡p-I-bpw- -sNbvXp-
({]-kvXp-X- k-t½f-¯n-sâ -t{]m{Kmw- sk{I-«-dn- -ssl{Zq-kv km-ln-_pw- kn- Fw- D-kvXm-Z-S-¡w- k-
t½f-\-¯n-Â- ]s¦Sp-¯-h-cn-Â- ]-e-cpw- am-Wq-cn-Â- Po-hn-¨n-cn-¸p-ïv A-Åm-lp- Zo-cvKm-bp-Êv \-Â-
Is« )

X-h-¡p-en-sâ A-h-kvY-I-fn-Â- D-¶-X-am-b- A-h-kvY-bm-Wv \-_n-am-cpsS A-\-´-cn-IÄ - -

¡v -ssIh-cp-¶- A-kv_m-_nte¡v Xn-cn-bmsXbp-Å- X-h-¡p-Â- .
h-À-j-§tfmfw- X-sâ -ssiJn-sâ kl-hm-kw-, B-ßo-b-X-bpsS A-\-´- -taJ-e-I-Ä-
Xm-ïn-bp-Å- bm-{X-,
C-kvem-an-sâbpw- Cu-am-\n-sâbpw- C-lvkm-\n-sâbpw- a-[p- \q-dp-Â- a-im-C-Jv X-sâ J-
Â-_n-Â- \n-¶v J-Â-_nte¡v -ssIam-dn-,
A-¶v `q-an-bn-Â- Po-hn-¨n-cn-¡p-¶-Xn-Â- G-ä-hpw- D-¶-X-\m-b- Kp-cp-.
X-sâ ap-co-Zn-Â- ]q-À-W-X- Isï¯m-\p-Å- H-cp-¡-¯n-em-Wv.
]m-d-¸p-dw- -ssiJp-\sb -t\m¡n- \q-dp-Â- a-im-C-Jv ]-d-ªp-. C-{_m-low- \-_n- A-Ãm-
lp-hn-\v -thïn- I-A-_-bp-ïm-¡n-, \n-§-Ä- A-Ãm-lp-hn-\v -thïn- H-cp- ]-Ån- D-ïm-¡-
Ww- .
D-ïm-¡mw- F-¶- a-dp-]-Sn-¡v, a-dp- -tNmZyw- h-¶p- F-§s\ D-ïm-¡pw- ?
D-Ss\ ]-d-¼v hn-äv D-ïm-¡mw- F-¶- ]m-d-¸p-dw- -ssiJp-\-bpsS a-dp-]-Sn- -tI«-Xpw- \q-dp-
Â- a-im-C-Jv ]-d-ªp- ]-d-¼v hn-äp- ]-Ån-bp-ïm-¡m-³- F-Ãm-h-À-¡pw- km-[n-¡pw- ]-I-
cw- a-u-e-bm-b- A-Ãm-lp-hn-Â- X-h-¡p-Â- -sNbvXp- A-kv_m-_nte¡v -t\m¡msX ]-
Ån- \n-À-an-¡-Ww-. Cu- I-Â-]-\-¡v ]m-d-¸p-dw- -ssiJp-\- \-Â-In-b- a-dp-
]-Sn- h-fsc ]-T-\m-À-l-hpw- {it²b-hp-am-Wv. F-¦n-Â- Rm-³- A-§-bpsS X-h-¡p-en-sâ
-taÂ- X-h-¡p-Â- -sNbvXp- \n-À-an-¡mw- . -ssiJp-\- X-§-Ä- ]-Ån- \n-À-an-¡m-\p-Å- kvY-
ew- \n-À-W-bn-¨p- -sImSp-¯p-. Gsd Xm-a-kn-bmsX h-kvXp- hn-Â-]-\tbm I-Stam asäm
C-ÃmsX Xs¶ ]-Ån- D-b-À-¶p- ]-Ån-¡v \q-dp-Â- a-im-C-Jv a-kvPn-Zv a-lvkqw- F-¶- -
t]cpw- \-Â-In-.
-ssiJn-sâ B-{K-ln-¨-Xn-\-\p-kcn-¨p-Å- ap-co-Zm-b-t¸mÄ- \q-dp-Â- a-im-C-Jv ]m-d-¸p-dw- -
ssiJp-\- -tbmSv ]-d-ªp-
"Hmtcm h-en-¿p- am-cpw- Htcm \-_n-am-cpsS
J-Z-an-em-bn-cn-¡pw- \n-§-Ä- C-{_m-low- \-_n-bpsS J-Z-an-em-Wv" .
1972 Â- kn-Â-kn-e- \q-cn-¿- -tIc-f-¯n-Â- {]-Y-a- I-½-än-¡v cq-]w- \-Â-In- {]-Y-a- {]-kn-
U-³-dm-bn- -tImc-§-¯v A-_q-_-¡-À- lm-Pn- -sbbpw- kn-{I-«-dn-bm-bn- In-fn-b-a-®n-Â- -
sambvXp- lm-Pnsbbpw- Xo-cp-am-\n-¨p-.
{]-kvXp-X- I-a-än-bn-Â- \m-Cs_ A-ao-À- a-km-Pn-Zv F-¶o-¯-cm-hm-Zn-¯w- \-Â-Is]«p-.
(c-ïv -taJ-e-I-Ä-)
-tijw- -tIc-f- kn-Â-kn-e- \q-cn-¿- bpsS {]-h-À-¯-\w- h-S-¡-³- -taJ-e- -sX¡-³- -taJ-
e- F-¶o- c-ïv -taJ-e-I-fm-¡n- Xn-cn-¡m-\pw- -tIc-f-¯nse F-Ãm- {]-h-À-¯-\-§f - pw- c-
ïv A-ao-dp-am-cpsS Io-gn-em-¡m-\pw- \p-dp-Â- a-im-C-Jv \n-ÀtZin-¨t¸mÄ- -sX¡-³- -taJ-
e-bpsS {]-Y-a- A-ao-dm-bn- ]m-d-¸p-dw- -ssiJp-\- -sbbpw- h-S-¡-³- -taJ-e- A-ao-dm-bn- -
tIc-f- kn-Â-kn-e- \q-cn-¿-bpsS {]-kn-U-âns\bpw- \q-dp-Â- a-im-C-Jv \n-b-an-¨p-. Cu- c-
ïv a-lm-·m-cpsS Io-gn-Â- \q-dp-Â- a-im-C-Jv -tIc-f- {]-h-À-¯-\-§-Ä- \n-b-{´n-¨p- -
t]m¶p-.
(c-ïv I-½-än-I-Ä-)
kn-Â-kn-e- {]-h-À-¯-\-§-Ä- hn-`p-e- am-¡p-¶-Xn-\v -thïn- kz-X-{´-am-b- asämcp- I-½-
än- cq-]n-I-cn-¡m-³- \q-dp-Â- a-im-C-Jv ]m-d-¸p-dw- -ssiJp-\tbmSv \n-ÀtZin-¡p-I-bpw-
Xp-S-À-¶v -sX¡-³- -taJ-e- A-ao-À- ]m-d-¸p-dw- -ssiJp-\-bpsS A-[y-£-X-bn-Â- am-Wq-À-
Jm-³-Km-lv \q-cn-¿-bn-Â- -sh¨v {]-Y-a- I-½-än-¡v cq-]w- \-Â-Ip-I-bpw- \q-dp-Â- a-im-C-Jn-
sâ \n-ÀtZi- {]-Im-cw- {]-kn-U-âm-bn- -shfn-b-¯v D-kvYm-Zns\ (h-lm-_o- im-lv \q-
cn- ) \n-b-an-¡p-I-bpw- -sNbvXp-.
-shfn-b-¯v D-kvYm-Zv h-^m-¯m-b-t¸mÄ- B-cmtWm -sX¡-³- -taJ-e- A-ao-À- A-h-À-
Xs¶bm-bn-cn-¡-Ww- I-½-än-bpsS {]-kn-U-âv F-¶v \q-dp-Â- a-im-C-Jv \n-ÀtZin-¨-Xn-
sâ A-Sn-kvYm-\-¯n-Â- A-an-dm-bn-cp-¶- ]m-d-¸p-dw- -ssiJp-\- {]-kn-U-âm-bn- \n-b-an-X-
\m-bn- . h-^m-¯v hsc A-ao-dpw- {]-kn-U-âpw- ]m-d-¸p-dw- -ssiJp-\- Xs¶bm-bn-cp-¶p-.
A-ao-dn-sâ Io-gn-em-Wv I-½-än- F-¶- -ssiJn-sâ \n-ÀtZiw- Im-c-Ww- {]-kn-U-âv F-¶-
Xn-\v ]-I-cw- -sX¡-³- -taJ-e- A-ao-À- F-¶m-W-dn-bs]«-Xv.
hn-
hn-kzm-
kzm-Â- -
kzm -
1999 -se l-Öv bm-{X- X-sâ bm-Ym-À-°- bm-{X-bpsS aps¶mcp-¡-am-bn-cp-¶p- . l-Öv
bm-{X- I-gn-ªv \m-«nse¯n-b- -ssiJp-\- kz-´w- kvY-e-¯v Xs¶ X-\n-¡p-d-§m-\p-
Å- J-_-dn-sâ ]-Wn- I-gn-¸n-¨p-. G-Xm-\pw- B-gvN-I-Ä-¡-Iw- A-kp-J-_m-[n-X-\m-hp-I-
bpw- -sNbvXp- .
i-co-c-¯n-sâ H-cp- `m-Kw- \n-Ý-e-am-bt¸mgpw- kp-¶-¯m-b- H-cp-I-À-aw- -t]mepw-
Dt]£n-Nn-Ã- F-¶v am-{X-a-Ã- d-a-fm-³- h-cpt¼mÄ- X-dm-ho-lv \n-kvIm-c-§-Ä- C-am-ans\
-shNv Xs¶ C-cp-¶p- -sImïv \n-kvI-cn-¡p-am-bn-cp-¶p- .
i-cn-A-¯n-sâ Im-cy-¯n-Â- I-À-i-\- \n-e-]m-Sp-I-Ä-¡v A-kp-J-am-bt¸mgpw- ap-S-¡w- h-
cp-¯n-bn-Ã-.
hn-kzm-en-sâ G-Xm-\pw- Zn-h-k§-Ä-¡v ap-¼v
Jp-Xp-_p-Â- a-im-C-Jv -tIc-f-¯n-Â- h-¶t¸mÄ- F-\n-¡v -ssiJp-\sb C-\n- Im-Wm-³-
km-[n-¡n-Ã- F-¶v ]-d-Rv im-co-cn-I- A-h-i-X-I-Ä- Im-cy-am-¡msX -ssiJp-\sb -
t]mbn- Im-Wp-I-bpw- -ssiJp-\- X-§-Ä- A-hnsS Iq-Sn-b- F-Ãm-htcmSpw- ]m-d-¸p-dw- -
ssiJp-\sb ap-em-Jm-¯v -sN¿m-³- ]-d-ª-Xpw- {it²b-am-Wv.
A-h-km-\- l-Â-J- bn-Â- -sh¨v Jm-³- Km-lv \-S-¯n-¸n-\v -thïn- H-cp- I-½-än- cq-]o-I-
cn-¨p- , a-¡sf A-h-cpsS ho-Sp-I-fn-Â- -t]mbn- I-ïp- ,
2003 Pq-em-bv 11 ln-Pvd- h-À-jw- 1424 P-am-Zp-Â- A-Æ-Â- 11 \v -shÅn-bm-
gvN-
]-Xn-hv -t]m-se Ip-fn-bpw- a-äp- kp-¶-¯m-b- Im-cy-§-fpw- I-gn-ª- -tijw- ap-co-Z-·m-cv
h-¶psImïn-cp-¶p- A-h-À-¡v -thï- C-À-jm-Zm-¯p-I-Ä- \-Â-In- -sImïn-cp-¶p-.
C-im- a-{Kn-cn-_n- \n-S-bn-Â- km-[m-c-W- -t]m-se BtcmSpw- kw-km-cn-¨n-Ã- ap-dm-J-
_-bn-epw- Zn-Ivdp-I-fn-epw- ap-gp-In-,
C-im- \n-kvIm-c-¯n-\pw- `-£-W-¯n-\pw- -tijw- Xn-cq-cn-Â- \n-¶v ap-co-Z-·m-cv h-¶p-
]n-¶o-Sv A-h-À-¡p-f- X-Ëo-an-Â- ap-gp-In- -tijw- A-hscbpw- `-£-Ww- \-Â-In- ]-d-ª-
b-¨t¸m-tg¡pw- ka-bta-sd -sshIn-bn-cn-¶p-,
an-kvhm-Iv -sNbvXp- In-S-¶p-
G-ItZiw- 11 a-Wn-bm-bt¸mÄ- -t\cn-b- i-zm-k¯-S-Êa-\p-`-hs]«p-, F-Wo-än-cp-
¶p-, Rm-³- -tSmÎsd Im-Wmw- F-¶p- ]-d-ªt¸mÄ- C-§s\ Xs¶bm-Wv Xp-S-¡w-
F-¶v ]-d-ªv \n-c-kn-¨p-.
Ft¶mSv bm-kn-³- Hm-Xm-³- ]-d-bp-I-bpw- in-c-Êv D-½-bpsS a-Sn-bn-Â- -sh¨v -sImSp-
¡m-\pw- B-h-iys]«p-. B-h-iys]«- {]-Im-cw- D-½-bpsS a-Sn-bnte¡v X-esh¨p- -
sImSp-¯p- R§Ä- bm-ko-³- Hm-Xm-³- Xp-S-§n,
-ap-¯v ap-l-½-Zv ap-kvX-^- k X-§-Ä- B-C-i- _o-hn- bpsS a-Sn-bn-Â- X-esh¨v X-
sâ \m-Y-\nte¡v a-S-§n-bt]m-se Cu- -temI-¯v \n-¶v hn-S- ]-d-bpt¼mÄ- -t]mepw-
A-`q-À-h-am-bn- am-{Xw- e-`n-¡p-¶- B- kp-¶-¯v -t]mepw- I-c-kvY-am-¡n- A-³-^m-kn-
sâ Zn-Iv-tdm-sS bm-ko-\n-sâ Cu-c-Sn-bn-Â- B- a-lm- a-\o-jn- X-sâ \m-Y-\nte¡v a-S-
§n-
C-¶m- en-Ãm-ln- h-C-¶m- Csseln- dm-Pn-Du-³-
 -tIc-f-¯nse B-Zy- aq-¶v J-eo-^-am-À- -

1. -ssiJv \-{Zo-im-lv \q-cn- d-

-2. -ssiJv v C-{_m-low- J-eo-ep-Ãm- jm-lv \q-cn- d-
3. h-en-bp-Ãm-ln- kn-Fw- _m-¸p- ap-kven-bm-À- d-
 -tIc-f-¯nse B-Zy- aq-¶v J-eo-^-am-À-
1. -ssiJv \-{Zo-im-lv \q-cn- d-
-{]-Y-a J-eo-^- -

P - \ - \- w - - 1919
ss_A-
ss_A-¯v
¯v - --- 1951
k¿n-Zv \q-cn-im- -X-§-fp--am-bn- -

Jn-
Jn-em-
em-^-¯v
em ¯v - 1956
\ptijw
B-Zyw- "\n-bm-_-¯n-"sâ
Jn-em-^-¯pw- ]n-¶o-Sv
"ap-¯ve-¡-³-" Jn-em-^-¯pw-
e-`n-¨p-
-

hn-
hn-kzm-
kzm-Â- -
kzm -- 1982
ln-Pvd- 1402 d-_o- D-Â- A-Æ-Â- 27
\v 1982 P-\p-h-cn- 23 i-\n-bm-gvN-

a-e-¸p-dw- Pn-Ã-bnse -sh«n-¨n-d- I-cnt¸mÄ- {]tZi-¯v ]p-¯-³- ]o-Sntb¡-Â- Ip-Spw-_-¯n-Â-

a-c-¡m-À- km-ln-_n-sâbpw- J-Zo-P- bpsSbpw- a-I-\m-bn- P-\n-¨p.
a - ¡ - Ä-
J-eo-^- ap-l-½-Z-en- \q-cn- F-¶- a-c-¡m-À- `m-bn-,- J-eo-^- Sn-.]n- A-Ðp-Â- Jm-Zn-À- \q-cn- -, J-eo-
^- Sn- ]n- A-Ðp-d-Òm-³- ap-kven-bm-À- \q-cn,- J-eo-^- Sn-.]n- ap-\o-dp-±o-³- \n-km-an- \q-cn-,- Sn-.]n-.
\q-dp-±o-³- \q-cn-, J-eo-^- Sn-.]n- P-A^-À- ap-kven-bm-À \q-cn, -\q-À- ap-l-½-Zv \q-cn-.
D-kv
kvXm-m-Zp-
Zp-am-
Zp am-À-
am
_-lp-: -sNdn-b-ap-ïw-Ip-ªn- ap-kven-bm-À-(\-.a-)
_-lp-: tImc-§-¯v A-_q-_-¡-À- lm-Pn-(\-.a-) -
 -tIc-f-¯nse B-Zy- aq-¶v J-eo-^-am-À-
2. ssiJv C-{_m-low- J-eo-ep-Ãm- jm-lv \q-cn d
-{]-Y-a -sX¡-³- -taJ-e- A-ao-À-

P - \ - \- w - 1931
JULY 7

ss_A-
ss_A-¯v
¯v - 1951-53
k¿n-Zv \q-cn-im- -X-§-fp--am-bn- -

Jn-
Jn-em-
em-^-¯v
em ¯v 1962
\p ap-¼v
1962 \p- ap-³-]v \n-bm-_-¯n- sâ
Jn-em-^-¯pw- 1963 \p- -tijw-
"ap-¯ve-¡-³-“ Jn-em-^-¯pw- e-`n-¨p-

B-Zy-
Zy- l-Öv
Zy Öv - 1961
A-h-km-
km-\- l-Öv
km Öv - 1999
-

hn-
hn-kzm-
kzm-Â- -
kzm - 2003
ln-Pvd- 1424, P-am-Zp-Â- A-Æ-Â 11, shÅn-bm-gvN-
JULY 11 -

a-e-¸p-dw- Pn-Ã-bnse -s]m¶m-\n-¡-Sp-¯p-Å- -t]m¯-\q-cn-Â- ap-ly-²o-³- ^m-¯n-a- Z-¼X

- n-I-
fpsS a-I-\m-bn- P-\n-¨p.
a - ¡ - Ä-
J-eo-^- A-Ðp-Â- d-Òm-³- ap-kven-bm-À- , J-eo-^- A-Ðp-Â- d-low- l-_o-_n- jm-lv \q-cn- ,
^m-¯n-½-, J-Zo-P-,a-À-lp-a dp-Jn-¿-, D-½p- Ip-Â-kp-, B-bn-j-, -ssaaq-\-. J-eo-^- am-Wq-À- kn-
Fw- D-kvXm-Zv , J-eo-^- AVK \q-À- a-u-e-hn- , J-eo-^- A-Ðp- D-kvXm-Zv -sslZ-cm-_m-Zv, ap-l-
½-Zv Ip-«n- A-Â- lm-Zn-, Jadp- J-eo-en-, sskX-e-hn- _m-J-hn- F-¶n-h-À- Pm-am-Xm-¡-fpw-
J-eo-^- kpsseam-³- _m-J-hn- -sslZ-cm-_m-Zv, -t]c-Pm-am-Xm-hpw-
J-eo-^- ap-ken-lv _m-J-hn- -t]c-¡p-«n-bp-am-Wv
D-kv
kvXm-m-Zp-
Zp-am-
Zp am-À-
am
h-en-bp-Ãm-ln- F-S-¡p-fw- I-½p- ap-kven-bm-À- -
 -tIc-f-¯nse B-Zy- aq-¶v J-eo-^-am-À-
-3. am-Wq-À- Jm-kn- h-en-bp-Ãm-ln- kn-Fw- _m-¸p- ap-kven-bm-À- d-
P - \ - \- w - 1919
\p ap-¼v

ss_A-
ss_A-¯v
¯v - 1953
k¿n-Zv \q-cn-im- -X-§-fp--am-bn- -
X-etÈcn- X-z-co-¡-Xv k-t½f-\-¯n-Â- -sh¨v

Jn-
Jn-em-
em-^-¯v
em ¯v 1963
am-Wq-À- a-{Z-Ê A-©mw- hm-À-jn-I-
k-t½f-\-¯n-Â- -sh¨v

a-e-_m-
_m-dnse
_m dnse B-Zys¯
Zys¯
Zys
Jm-
Jm-³-Jm-
Jm-lv
Jm lv kvYm-m-]-I-³- - 1967
am-Wq-À- -Jm-³-Jm-lv \q-cn-¿- tIc-f-¯nse
c-ïm-as¯ Jm-³-Jm-lp-am-Wv

hn- kzm-Â- -
hn-kzm-
kzm - 1990
ln-Pvd- 1410 d-a-fm-³- 25 \v i-\n-bm-gvN- cm{Xn-
1.30\v, C-cp-]-¯n-G-gmw- cmhv
a-{Kn-_ntbmSv A-Sp-¯- ka-bw- a-d-hp- -sNbvXp-

am-Wq-À- ]-u-c-{]-ap-J-\pw- [-\n-I-\p-am-bn-cp-¶- kJm-^v J-_o-e- h-gn- Jm-Zn-cn- ap-co-Zp-am-b- I-½p- Jm-Zn-cn-bpsS
aq-¯- a-I-\m-bn- P-\n-¨p-. ap-kven-bm-cp-¸m¸ - F-¶-dn-bs¸Sp-¶- h-en-bp-Ãm-ln- am-Wq-À- ap-l-½-Zv ap-kven-bm-
cpsS a-Isf hn-hm-lw- I-gn-¨p-.
a - ¡ - Ä-
a-À-lqw- ap-l-½-Zv ap-kven-bm-À- , a-À-lqw- I-½p- ap-kven-bm-À-, J-eo-^ a-u-em-\m- kn-Fw- A-Ðp-Â- Jm-Zn-À- ap-
kven-bm-À-, a-À-lp-a B-bn-j- l-Öp-½- , Xn-¯n-Ip-«n- l-Öp-½-, a-À-lp-a B-an-\-.
J-eo-^- kpsseam-³- _m-J-hn- -sslZ-cm-_m-Zv, -t]c-Pm-am-Xm-hpw- J-eo-^- ap-ken-lv _m-J-hn- -t]c-¡p-«n-bp-
am-Wv
Ip-ªp-«n- ap-kven-bm-À- , bm-lp- ap-kven-bm-À- , -t]m¡-À- lm-Pn- , A-Ðp-Ã- ap-kven-bm-À- F-¶n-h-À- k-tlmZ-c-
§-fm-Wv.
-J-eo-^ kpsseam-³- _m-J-hn-, J-eo-^ A-Ðp-Â- J-^q-À- ap-kven-bm-À- -s]m¶m-\n- F-¶n-h-À- in-jy-cn-Â- kn-
evkn-e-bnse {]-[m-\n-I-fm-Wv.
D-kv
kvXm-m-Zp-
Zp-am-
Zp am-À-
am
h-en-bp-Ãm-ln- am-Wq-À- ap-l-½-Zv ap-kven-bm-À-
sNdn-b-ap-ïw- Ip-ªnt¸m¡-À- ap-kven-bm-À-
 -ap-_-Ãn-Kp-Â- C-lvkm-³- l-kvd-¯v kp-lq-cn- jm-lv \q-cn- (d-)
-1965
1965 tIc-
tIc-f-¯nÂ-
nÂ-

ss_A-
ss_A-¯v
¯v - 1950
\p ap-¼v
k¿n-Zv \q-cn-im- -X-§-fp--am-bn- -

B-Zy-
Zy- l-Öv
Zy Öv - 1954
\q-dp-Â- am-jm-ln-Jn-sâ IqsS

Jn-
Jn-em-
em-^-¯v
em ¯v 1956

hn- kzm-Â- -
hn-kzm-
kzm - 1985
ln-Pvd- 1406 d-_o-D-Â- B-Jn-À 7\v shÅn-
bm-gvN- cm{Xn- 12.30\v, DECEMBER 20

]-u-c-{]-ap-J-\pw- [-\n-I-\p-am-bn-cp-¶- lm-Pn- F-kv Fw- ap-l-½-Zv C-{_m-low- a-c-¡m-À- F-¶n-h-cpsSbpw-

ssk¯q-¬- _o-hn-bpsSbpw- a-I-\m-bn- -sN-ss¶bn-Â- P-\n-¨p- .

a - ¡ - Ä-
a-À-lqw- ap-l-½-Zv kenw- kp-lq-cn- , a-À-lqw- C-{_m-low- kp-lq-cn- , J-eo-^- ap-l-½-Zv l-ʳ- kp-lq-cn-.
{]-ap-J-cm-b- J-eo-^-am-cm-b- J-eo-^- aq-k ap-kven-bm-À- I-eo-ap-Å- jm-lv kp-lq-cn-, J-eo-^- A-Ðp-Â- Im-Zn-À-
kp-lq-cn- F-¶n-h-À- Pm-am-Xm-¡-fm-Wv.
J-eo-
eo-^-am-
eo am-À-
am
_-lp-am-\s¸«- -sslZ-À- ap-kven-bm-À- I-am-ep--Ãm- im-lv kp-lq-cn- -(d-) G-ew-Ip-fw- ]n-. ap-l-½-Zv ap-kven-bm-À-
P-am-ep-Ãm- im-lv kp-lq-cn- - (d-), A-e-hn- ap-kven-bm-À- \-hm-kn- im-lv kp-lq-cn- -. bq-kp-^v lm-Pn- \n-km-an-
im-lv kp-lq-cn- - skbvX-e-hn- ap-kven-bm-À- - kp-lq-cn- - \q-dp- ap-l-½-Zv -ss^kn- kp-lq-cn-, -s]cp-h-b-Â- -
sambvXo-³- Ip-«n- ap-kven-bm-À- kp-lq-cn- -. aq-k ap-kven-bm-À- kp-lq-cn- - A-Ðp-Â- K-^q-À- ap-kven-bm-À- kp-lq-cn-
-. A-Xm- D-À-d-kq-Â- _n-em-en- im-lv kp-lq-cn- , A-Ðp-Â- ^-¯m-lv _m-J-hn-.
1972 -se J-eo-^-am-À- ap-³-Im-e- - J-eo-^-amtcmS v-IqsS
-l-kvd-¯v -sslZ-À- ap-kven-bm-À- I-am-ep-Ãm- im-lv kp-lq-cn -(d-)
-{]-kn-U-âv: -tIc-f- kn-Â-kn-e- \q-cn-¿- (1975--1989)

P - \ - \- w - 1941

ss_A-
ss_A-¯v
¯v - 1970-72
kp-lq-cn- jm- \q-cn-bp-am-bn- -
ss_A-Xv -sNbvXp-

Jn-
Jn-em-
em-^-¯v
em ¯v 1972

hn- kzm-Â- -
hn-kzm-
kzm - 1989
ln-Pvd- 1409 d-P_v 28 \v
-sNmÆm-gvN-, MARCH 7

a-e-¸p-dw- Pn-Ã-bnse -sh«n-¡m-«n-cn-bn-Â- ]-u-c-{]-[m-\n-bm-b- -ss]¡m-S-³- A-l-½-Zv

km-ln-_n-sâ \m-em-as¯ ]p-{X-\m-bn- P-\n-¨p-
a - ¡ - Ä-
J-eo-^- Zm-Jn-À- ap-kven-bm-À- , J-eo-^- ap-Cu-\p-²o-\v Nn-iv¯n-
D-kv
kvXm-m-Zp-Zp-am-
Zp am-À-
am
B-\-a-§m-Sv A-Ðp-Â- d-Òm-³- ap-kven-bm-À- ,
iw-kp-Â- D-e-a- C- -sI A-_q-_-¡-À- ap-kven-bm-À-
 -G-ew-Ip-fw- ]n-. ap-l-½-Zv ap-kven-bm-À-
-l-kvd-¯v P-am-ep-Ãm- im-lv kp-lq-cn- -(d-)
-{]-kn-U-âv: -tIc-f- kn-Â-kn-e- \q-cn-¿- (1989---2002)

ss_A-
ss_A-¯v
¯v - 1970—
1970 72
kp-lq-cn- jm- \q-cn-bp-am-bn- -ss_A-Xv -
sNbvXp-

Jn-
Jn-em-
em-^-¯v
em ¯v 1972

hn- kzm-Â- -
hn-kzm-
kzm - 2002
ln-Pvd- 1423 P-am-Zp-Â- B-Jn-À- 10 \v
Xn-¦-fm-gvN- , AGUST 19

a-e-¸p-dw- Pn-Ã-bnse G-ew-Ip-f-Xv Ip-ªm-en- ap-kven-bm-cpsS a-I-\m-bn- P-\n-¨p-

a - ¡ - Ä-
J-eo-^- ]n- -sI A-Ðp-Â- d-Òm-³- ap-kven-bm-À- Pm-am-Xm-hm-Wv
D-kv
kvXm-m-Zp-
Zp-am-
Zp am-À-
am
_p-Jm-cn- ap-kven-bm-À,- Ip-«ym-½p- ap-kven-bm-À
- -ssiJv B-Zw- l-kvd-X,v -ssiJv l-ʳ- l-kvd-Xv
 -ssiJp-Â- A-d-_v l-kvd-¯v _n-em-eo-jm-lv \q-cn- (d-) -
-sk{I-«-dn-: -tIc-f- kn-Â-kn-e- \q-cn-¿- (1989---2012)

P-\-\-w- 1947
-G-{]n-Â- 3 ln-Pvd- 1366 P-am-Zp-Â-
-A-Æ-Â- 11 hym-gm-gvN-

ss_A-
ss_A-¯v
¯v - 1970
ap-
ap-¼ v
k¿n-Zv \q-cn-im- -X-§-fp--am-bn- -

Jn-
Jn-em-
em-^-¯v
em ¯v 1972

hn- kzm-Â- -
hn-kzm-
kzm - 2012
i-\n-bm-gvN- -
SEPTEMBER 29
sshIpt¶cw-

Xr-iq-À- Pn-Ã-bnse aq-]-«n-¯-d-bn-Â- _m-hp-«n- lm-Pn-bpsSbpw- Ip-ªntamfpsSbpw-

A-©m-as¯ a-I-\m-bn- 1947 Â- P-\n-¨p-
a - ¡ - Ä-
ap-l-½-Zv ^pssfÂ- _n-em-en- , J-eo-^- jpssl_v _n-em-en-,
kpsslÀ- _n-em-en- _m-J-hn-, kpssl _n-em-en- -

D-kv
kvXm-m-Zp-
Zp-am-
Zp am-À-
am
C- -sI A-Ðp-Ã- ap-kven-bm-À-
 -Iq-«m-bn- Jm-kn-
-A-Ðp-Ã- Ip-«n- ap-kven-bm-À- ssk^p-Ãm jm-lv \q-cn- (d-)
-A-ao-À: Z-£n-W- -tIc-f- kn-Â-kn-e- \q-cn-¿- (2003---2010)

P - \ - \- w - 1941
-ln-Pvd- 1359 , Zp-evJ-A-Zv 9, 1941 ,
Pqsse 1 , Xn-¦-Ä-

ss_A-
ss_A-¯v
¯v - 1980
ap-
ap-¼v
k¿n-Zv \q-cn-im- -X-§-fp--am-bn-

¨
Jn-
Jn-em-
em-^-¯v
em ¯v 1990

A-Â- B-cn-^v l-Öv {Kq-¸v

{]-Y-a- A-ao-dp-am-cn-Â- H-cm-Ä

hn- kzm-Â- -
hn-kzm-
kzm - 2010
1431 , d-_o- D-Â- A-Æ-Â- 25
MARCH 11 hym-gw- cm-{Xn-

Iq-«m-bn- Jm-kn- Ip-ªn-_m-h- ap-kven-bm-cpsSbpw- J-Zo-P- _o-hn-bpsSbpw- a-I-

\m-bn- P-\n-¨p-. ]n-Xm-hv Po-hn-¨n-cn-¡pt¼mÄ- Xs¶ A-Ðp-Ã- Ip-«n- ap-kven-
bmsc B-Zy-am-bn- Jm-kn-bm-¡p-¶-Xpw- -ss_A-Xv -sN¿p-¶-Xpw- ]m-d-¸p-dw- -
ssiJp-\m- bm-Wv (1980 -s^{_p-h-cn- 26 \p- ap-¼v) ]n-Xm-hn-sâ h-^m-¯n-\v-
sS -tijw- Iq-«m-bn- kw-bp-à- a-l-Ãv Jm-kn-bm-bn- \n-b-an-X-\m-bn-
a - ¡ - Ä-
ap-l-½-Zv keow-, a-À-lqw- -ss^kÂ-, ap-l-½-Zv A-³-h-À-. c-ïp- -s]×-¡-fp-ap-ïv
D-kv
kvXm-m-Zp-
Zp-am-
Zp am-À-
am
ap-l-½-Zv ap-kven-bm-À- , Ip-ªn- ap-kven-bm-À- , Dss_Zp-Ã- ap-kven-bm-À- , k¿n-Zv
lp-ssk³- kJm-^v, -sI -sI ap-l-½-Zv ap-kven-bm-À- , -sI -sI A-Ðp-Ã- ap-kven-
bm-À- , ap-l-½-Zv Ip-«n- ap-kven-bm-À-
 -a-u-em-\m- A-Â- D-kvXm-Zv
-bq-kp-^v \n-km-an- im-lv kp-lq-cn- - - -(X-z- D- -)
-{]-kn-U-âv: -tIc-f- kn-Â-kn-e- \q-cn-¿- (2002 ap-X-Â- )

-P-\-\-w- 1946

B-Zy-
Zy- l-Öv
Zy Öv - 1971

ss_A-
ss_A-¯v
¯v - 1971
¨ kp-lq-cn- jm- \q-cn-bp-am-bn- -ss_A-Xv -
sNbvXp-

Jn-
Jn-em-
em-^-¯v
em ¯v 1972

a-e-¸p-dw- Pn-Ã-bnse Ip-¶-¸-Ån-bn-Â- A-b-ap- -samÃ-bpsSbpw- B-bn-jp-½-

bpsSbpw- a-I-\m-bn- 1946 Â- P-\n-¨p-
a - ¡ - Ä-
\-u-^-Â-, khm-Zv, ap-Cu-\p-²o-\v, ap-l-½-Zv B-cn-^v, ap-l-½-Zv lpsshkv
3 -s]×-¡-fp-ap-ïv
D-kv
kvXm-m-Zp-
Zp-am-
Zp am-À-
am
_o-cm-³- -samÃ- , A-h-dm-³- ap-kven-bm-À- , G-ew-Ip-fw- D-kvXm-Zv , A-Ðp- ap-kven-bm-À- , Ip-
ªp-ap-l-½-Zv ap-kven-bm-À- am-cm-b-aw-K-ew-
 -a-u-em-\m- A-Â- D-kvXm-Zv
-A-e-hn- ap-kven-bm-À- \-hm-kn- im-lv kp-lq-cn- - - -(X-z- D- -)
-sk{I-«-dn-: -tIc-f- kn-Â-kn-e- \q-cn-¿-

-ss_A-
ss_A-¯v
ss_A ¯v - 1972
-kp-lq-cn- jm- \q-cn-bp-am-bn-
1972 -se Nn-Ã-bn-Â- ]s¦Sp-
¯p-

B-Zy-
Zy- l-Öv
Zy Öv - 1984

Jn-
Jn-em-
em-^-¯v
em ¯v 1979

k¿n-Zv ap-l-½-Zv B-cn-^p-²o-³-

Po-em-\n-bpsS hn-kzm-en-\p- -
tijw- k¿n-Zv \q-cn-jm-lv km-
\n-bpsS -tIc-f-¯nse {]-Y-a- ]-
cn-]m-Sn-¡v -t\Xr-X-zw- \-Â-In-

l-ʳ-Ip-«n-bpsSbpw- ^m-¯n-a-bpsSbpw- a-I-\m-bn- a-e-¸p-dw- Pn-Ã-bnse -tIc-f-bn-

Â- P-\n-¨p-
a - ¡ - Ä-
J-eo-^- A-Ò-Zv B-cn-^n-, ap-ly-²o-³-, ap-l-½-Zv B-cn-^v A-S-¡w- B-dv a-¡-fp-ïv
D-kv
kvXm-m-Zp-
Zp-am-
Zp am-À-
am
A-[ym-]-I-\pw- -ssiJpsaÃmw- l-kd-Xv kp-lq-cn- im-lv \q-cn-bm-bn-cp-¶p-
Hm-¯p-]-Ån-bn-Â- ]-Tn-¡pt¼mÄ- Ip-ª-l-½-Zv am-kvä-À-¡v Io-gn-em-Wv ]-T-\w- \-S-¯n-b-Xv
 -a-u-em-\m- A-Â- D-kvXm-Zv kn-Fw-
-ap-l-½-Zv A-Ðp-Â- Jm-Zn-À- ap-kven-bm-À- \q-cn- (X-z- D-)
-A-ao-À: Z-£n-W- -tIc-f- kn-Â-kn-e- \q-cn-¿- (2010 ap-X-Â- )

P-\-\-w- 1955
ss_A-
ss_A-¯v
¯v 1967
k¿n-Zv \q-cn-im- -X-§-fp--am-bn- am-Wq-À- Jm-³-Jm-
lv D-XvLm-S-\-¯nÂ, ]n-Xm-hn-sâ Z-À-kn-Â-
]-Tn-¡pt¼mÄ-

B-Zy-
Zy- l-Öv
Zy Öv - 1984
\q-dp-
dp-Â- a-jm-
dp jm-ln-
jm ln-Jn-
ln Jn-sâ
Jn sâ IqsS

¨ Jn-
Jn-em-
em-^-¯v
em ¯v 1991
Jn-em-^-¯n-\v \q-dp-Â- a-jm-ln-Jv \n-ÀtZin-¡p-I-
bpw- -ss^kms\ K-u-kp-Â- A-lvkw- ]-cn-]m-Sn-
¡v h-¶- J-eo-^- Nm-en-bw- Ip-ªm-e-³- ap-kven-
bm-À- \q-dp-Â- a-jm-lnJn--sâ \n-ÀtZi-{]-Im-cw- Jn-
em-^-Xv kzo-I-cn-¡m-³- -thïn- -sslZ-cm-_m-
Znte¡v h-cm-³- B-h-iys¸«v I-¯-b-¨n-cp-¶p-,
]s£ ]s¦Sp-¡m-³- I-gn-ªn-Ã- -tijw- Jp-Xp-
_p-Â- a-jm-ln-Jm-Wv Jn-em-^-Xv \-Â-In-b-Xv

A-Â- B-cn-
cn-^v
cn ^v l-l-Öv
Öv {Kq-
Kq-¸v
¸v
{]-
{]-Y-a- A-ao-
ao-dp-
ao dp-am-
dp am-cn-
am cn-Â- H-cm-
cn cm-Ä-
cm

am-Wq-À- Jm-kn- h-en-bp-Ãm-ln- kn- Fw- _m-¸p- ap-kven-bm-cpsSbpw- J-Zo-P- _o-hn-bpsSbpw-

a-I-\m-bn- 1955 P-\n-¨p-. ]m-d-¸p-dw- -ssiJp-\m-bpsS a-I-Ä- ^m-¯n-a- _o-hn- bm-Wv `m-cy-
a - ¡ - Ä-
ap-l-½-Zv km-en-lv \n-km-an- , J-eo-^- ap-ken-lv _m-J-hn- , ap-l-½-Zv A-³-h-À- , lm-^n-kv
ap-l-½-Zv kÀ-h-À-, ap-l-½-Zv A-Iv_-À A-ivd-^n- - , ap-l-½-Zv A-kvl-À- , a-À-lqw- Dr ^-kep-
Ãm-lv, ^pssfÂ- _-jo-À-
. 4 -s]×-¡-fp-ap-ïv.
J-eo-^-bm-b- kpsseam-³- \q-cn- _m-J-hn- -sslZ-cm-_m-Zv Pm-am-Xm-hm-Wv
D-kv
kvXm-m-Zp-
Zp-am-
Zp am-À-
am
h-en-bp-Ãm-ln- kn- Fw- _m-¸p- ap-kven-bm-m-À, -ssiJp-Â- Pm-an-A \n-km-an--b - ap-^vXn- J-eo-
Â- A-Ò-Zv km-ln-_v
Im-«n-¸-cp-¯n- D-kvXm-Zv , -sN½-e- C-{_m-low- ap-kven-bm-À- , -sNdp-Ip-fw- ap-l-½-Zv ap-kven-bm-À-
, A-Ðp-Â- a-Po-Zv km-ln-_v -sslZ-cm-_m-Zv
 l-kd¯v k¿n-Zv \q-cn- im-lv km-\n- X-§-fpw-
]m-W-¡m-Sv k¿n-Zv A-ºm-ken- in-lm-_v X-§-fpw-

l-kvd-¯v k¿n-Zv \q-cn-im-lv km-\n- X-§-fpw- ap-^vXn- J-eo-Â- A-Ò-Zv km-ln-_pw- -ssiJp-Â-
Pm-an-A- (Pm-an-A- \n-km-an-¿- -sslZ-cm-_m-Zv)

l-kvd-¯v k¿n-Zv \q-cn- im-lvkm-\n- -ssiJp-\m- \q-dp-Â- a-jm-ln-Jv, -ssiJp-\m- B-cn-^v

X-§-fpw- Z-£n-W- -tIc-f- Pw-C-¿-¯p-Â- kÀ-¡m-À-, ]m-d-¸p-dw- -ssiJp-\m-, Iq-«m-bn- Jm-kn-,
D-e-a- {]-kn-U-âv A-_p-Â- _p-jvd- a-u-e- _n-em-eo-jm-lv Xp-S-§n-b-h-À- ]-¿-\§ - m-Sn- Jm-³-
hn-bpw- Jm-lv D-XvLm-S-\- -thf-bn-Â-
 l-kvd-¯v k¿n-Zv ap-l-½-Zv B-cn-^p-²o-³- Po-em-\n-bpw-
]m-W-¡m-Sv k¿n-Zv km-Zn-J-en- in-lm-_v X-§-fpw-

l-kvd-¯v k¿n-Zv ap-l-½-Zv B-cn-^p-²o-³- l-kvd-¯v k¿n-Zv B-cn-^p-²o-³- Po-em-\n-bpw-

Po-em-\n-bpw- ]m-d-¸p-dw- -ssiJp-\-bpw- ap-^vXn- A-ko-ap-Zo-³- km-ln-_pw-

A-Â- B-cn-^v l-Öv {Kq-¸v sâ

H-cp- ]-cn-]m-Sn-bn-Â- -
ssiJp-\m- X-§-fpw-
A-ao-dp-am-cm-bn-cp-¶- Iq-«m-bn- Jm-kn-
bpw- kn- Fw- D-kvXm-Zpw-
 \q-dp-Â- C-À-^m-³-
k¿n-Zv A-Ò-Zv ap-ly-²o-³-

\q-cn-jm-lv km-\n- Po-em-\n

Nn-ivXn- h-Â- Jm-Zn-cn-

Pm-\-io-³- kn-Â-kn-e- \q-cn-¿-

Published By
Z-£n-W- -tIc-f- kn-Â-kn-e- \q-cn-¿-
]m-d-¸p-dw- Z-À-K-i-co-^v
 A-Êem-ap-Asse¡pw-

-ssiJp-\m- k¿n-Zv \q-cn- im-lv km-\n- X-§-fpsS e-Lp-N-cn-{X-hpw- a-äv

{]-[m-\- J-eo-^-am-cpsS Po-hn-X-¯nte¡v Hsc¯nt\m«-hp-am-Wv Cu-
_p-¡v -sImïpt±in-¨-Xv.
G-Xm-\pw- Zn-h-k§sf-s¡mïm-Wv C-Xv Cu- cq-]-¯n-em-¡n-b-Xv ]q-À-
W-am-Wv F-¶-h-Im-is]Sp-¶n-Ã-, hn-i-Z-am-bn- -t\m¡n- F-Un-äv -
sN¿m-\p-Å- ka-bw- In-«m-¯-Xv -sImïv A-]m-I-X-I-fp-ïm-Ipw- F-¶-
Xn-Â- kw-i-b-an-Ã-.
h-Ã- A-]m-I-X-bpw- {i-²-bn-Â- -s]«m-Â- khn-\-bw- £-an-¡-Wsa¶pw-
R-§sf D-W-À-¯-Wsa¶pw- At]£n-¡p-¶p-

{]-km-[-I- kan-Xn-
 \q-dp-Â- C-À-^m-³-
k¿n-Zv \q-cn-jm-lv km-\n- Po-em-\n-
kzo-
kzo-I-c-W k-
k-t½f-
t½f-\-
t½f

ap-l-½-Zv km-en-lv ^m-kn-Â- \n-km-an-

PUBLISHED BY SOUTH KERALA SILSILA NOORIYYA

HAZRATH IBRAHEEM KHALEELULLA SHAH NOORI (R) DARGAH SHAREEF PARAPPURAM , KERALA