CHAPTER V

FINDINGS, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

This chapter present the findings, conclusions and recommendations form the

analysis and evaluation of data gathered.

General Remarks

The design 1, 2 and 3 were based from Uniform Plumbing Code of the

Philippines 2013, PD 856 - Sanitation Code of the Philippines, PD 1096 - Building Code

of the Philippines, Green Building Code and Plumbing Design and Cost Estimate by Max

Fajardo.

Based on the design consideration and analysis of the designs, the following

comparisons were obtained:

1. In design 1 the communal toilet facility has an area of 20 m 2 with 5 x 4 meter

dimensions. It has five (5) water closet, six (6) lavatories, two (2) slop sink and

urinal. The design 1 also has a rainwater harvesting system that will serve as an

alternative source of water in the facility and some portion of the roof will be

made of fiber glass that serve as natural lighting in daylight.

2. The design 2 the typical toilet has an area of 1.44 m2 and a dimension of 1.2 x

1.2 meter dimensions. It is designed for each household and has a water closet,

lavatory and faucet. The water supply of design 2 is connected to the water

supply from households.

3. The design 3 the communal toilet (without flush) and septic system has an area

of 24m2 with 6 x 4 meter dimensions. It has six (6) toilet bowls, six (6) lavatories,

six (6) hose bib and two (2) slop sink. It will also be used for bathing purposes.
Proposed Design of Communal Toilet and Septic System in Born Again Badjao Community, Sitio Callejon,
Libjo Batangas City
Chapter V: Findings, Conclusions and Recommendations
Advincula DC. E., Babao S. G., Lascano EJ. D.
65

Design 3 also has a rainwater harvesting system that will serve as an alternative

source of water supply.

4. The septic tank for design 1 has three chambers, a digestion chamber and two

(2) leaching chambers. It has a capacity of 14.52 m3 with a dimension of 4.4 x 2 x

1.5 meters. Design 2 has two (2) chambers, a digestion and leaching chamber

with a capacity of 14.19 m3 and dimension of 4.1 x 2 x 1.5 meters. Design 3 also

have three chambers, two (2) digestion and a leaching chamber with a capacity

of 14.52 m3 and dimensions of 4.4 x 2 x 1.5 meters. The sizes of septic tank are

based on the number of population in the community.

5. The estimated cost of the designs was also considered. The grand total for

design 3 was P 125,938.00 and it was less expensive compared to design 1 and

design 2 with a grand total cost of P 168,647.00 and P 212,085.00. The

estimation of cost of both designs was based on Simplified Construction Estimate

3rd Edition by Max Fajardo.

6. Based on CPM diagram and gantt chart, design 1 has thirty (30) days of work

with twenty (20) activities to finish, design 2 has nineteen (19) days of work with

twenty three (23) activities to finish for each household in the community and

design 3 also have thirty (30) days of work with twenty three(23) activities to

finish.
Proposed Design of Communal Toilet and Septic System in Born Again Badjao Community, Sitio Callejon,
Libjo Batangas City
Chapter V: Findings, Conclusions and Recommendations
Advincula DC. E., Babao S. G., Lascano EJ. D.
66

Conclusion

Design 3 was chosen by the researches due to the following design

considerations:

1. Design 3 has an advantage in water supply system. Because of the water closet

without flush tanks that consumes less amount of water; it may also use as

bathroom unlike design 1 and design 2. Same as design 1, design 3 also has a

rainwater harvesting system that collects rainwater that serves as an alternative

source of water supply for the communal toilet.

2. In terms of cost for septic tank, water supply, drainage and ventilation of the

proposed designs, design 3 was less expensive compared to design 1 and

design 2, which make it more feasible for the community.

3. The septic tank in design 3 was more efficient and effective by design. It can

accommodate greater volume of wastewater and it has a longer detention time

which lead to a better settling process. Concrete septic tank can be built and

repaired with locally available materials. It was suitable because it was durable,

has a longer service life and requires small land area.

4. Design 3 is chosen because of its functions, it can be used as a toilet and for

bath.

Recommendations

With the finding and conclusions mentioned, the following are the

recommendations of the researchers.

Proposed Design of Communal Toilet and Septic System in Born Again Badjao Community, Sitio Callejon,
Libjo Batangas City
Chapter V: Findings, Conclusions and Recommendations
Advincula DC. E., Babao S. G., Lascano EJ. D.
67

1. To ensure the efficiency of the communal toilet facility and septic system, the

researchers recommend proper maintenance of the facility and consider the

maintenance and operation plan given by the researchers.

2. The septic system should be checked for water tightness, scum and sludge level

regularly. Sludge needs to be dug out every 1 to 5 years and be discharge

properly.

3. The researchers recommend the implementation of the project design in the

community for it may be a help to improve their way of living by providing them

the proper facility to convey and disposed wastewater. It will also promote

practice of proper hygiene and sanitation within the community.