VIJAYSINH MOHITE PATIL COLLEGE OF

NURSING AND MEDICAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE

AKLUJ.

SEMINAR ON
GUIDANCE AND COUNSELLING

Subject: nursing education

Submitted to
Miss. Rupali Walke Madam
Assistant professor
V M patil college of nursing akluj
Submitted by
Miss. Shipa Muktar Shaikh
Msc nursing first year
V M patil college of nursing akluj
date of submission /0/2023
 Students profile
Name of student: Miss Shipa Muktar Shaikh
Class : MSc nursing first year
Subject: Nursing education
Topic : Guidance and counselling
Date :
Time : 1 hr
Group : MSc nursing first year classroom
Method of teaching : lecture cum discission
A V aids : PPT,blackboard, chart, handout,
Previous knowledge : the group has some knowledge of
guidance and counselling
Name of evaluator : Miss.Rupali walke madam
 Outline of seminar
 Introduction of guidance
 Definition of guidance
 Principle of guidance
 Introduction of counselling
 Definition of counselling
 Principle of counselling
 Purpose of guidance and counselling
 Need for guidance and counselling in nursing
education
 Types of guidance
 Types of counselling
 Phases of counselling
 Difference between guidance and counselling
 Conclusion
 Summary
 Bibliography

General objective :
At the end of seminar the students will be able to understand the
knowledge regarding guidance and counselling .
Specific objective :
At the end of the seminar students will be able to explain –
1. define guidance and counselling
2. explain principles of Guidance
3. describe needs for guidance
4. explain the various types of guidance
5. explain Principles of counselling
6. describe needs for counselling
7. explain various types of counselling
8.describe phases of counselling
9. differentiate guidance and counselling services
GUIDANCE
INTRODUCTION
Guidance and counselling have, in all places, been a vital aspects of
higher education. One of the purposes of education is to help the individual in
becoming a useful member of society. If an individual receives education
without proper guidance and counselling, he is not able to develop his
personality fully and thus is unable to serve his society in terms of his abilities
and talents. Good teachers have always been interested in providing
understanding assistance to students, to help them overcome problems of
learning and adjustment so as to ensure optimum achievement and profitable
placement.

TO GUIDE MEANS
To indicate
To point out
To show the way
To lead
To direct
To seek

MEANING OF GUIDANCE
1.Some form of help and assistance given to an individual to solve their
problem.
2.Guidance as the promotion of the growth of the individual in self-direction.
3.Guidance helps the individuals to adjust to the environment.

DEFINITION
1.Guidance as a process through which an individual is able to solve their
problems and pursue a path suited to their abilities and aspirations.
JM Brewer.
2.Guidance is a continuous process of helping the individual development in the
maximum of their capacity in the direction most beneficial to himself and to
society
 - Stoops and wahlquist.
3.Guidance is an educational service designed to help students make more
effective use of the schools training programme.
- Educational point of view
4.Guidance is the process of heling individuals to understand themselves and
their world. -shertzer and stone

COUNSELLING

MEANING OF COUNSELLING
Counselling is a specialized service of guidance, and it is an enabling process
designed to help an individual with his life and grow to greater maturity through
learning to take responsibility and to make decisions for himself / herself.
It is a helping relationship which includes-
Someone seeking help
Someone willing to give help
Capable or trained to help
In a setting that permits, help to be given and received.

Counselling denotes, Giving of advice”. It is a wider procedure concerned with

emotion as well as giving information.

DEFINITION
“Counselling is a helping process where one person, explicitly and purposefully
gives his/ her times attention and skills to assist a client to explore the situation,
identify and act upon solutions within the limitations of their given
environment”.
“Counselling is a method that helps the client to use a problem- solving process
to recognize and manage stress and that facilitates interpersonal relationships
among client, family and health care team”.
“Counselling is defined as face to face relationship in which growth takes place
in the counsellor as well as counselee.” -strang

PRINCIPLES OF GUIDANCE
According to crow and crow, the principles of guidance are as follows.
1)Study of an individual and evaluation
In the guidance programme, unless and until correct information
regarding every person is not collected. It is impossible to run this programme
hence in order to collect such information. It is essential to appraise the
individual to study him, and to run the programme based on research.
2)Evaluation of guidance programme
The guidance programme being run in the school should be evaluated
from time to time. Follow the principle of evaluation of guidance programme is
essential for the success of guidance programme.
3)Responsibility of skilled workers
In the guidance programme, skilled workers try the specific problems of
the persons for solution.
4)Responsibility of teachers or principals
The responsibility of guidance programme should not be of Teacher but
the principals or headmasters should also share it.
4)Advantage of guidance
The benefits of guidance should be given not only to those who demand it
directly but the benefit of guidance should be given to those persons also who
can benefit it directly or indirectly.
5)Guidance by a trained peorsn
In order a accomplish guidance process, the entire responsibility of guidance
should be as a trained person.

6)Flexible programme of guidance

Variations among the needs of an individual and society are must. So it
should be very flexible.
7)Related to every aspect of life
 A man is a social being. The life of social being has various aspects. The
guidance programme should be related to all these aspects such as individual
physical and mental hygiene, his family, school, social needs and vocational
need etc.
8)Preference to the all- round development
In order to develop a person personality, it is essential to develop each
and every aspects of personality. Hence, the guidance service should follow the
priniciple in which attention is paid towards the all- round development.
9)Helps in achieving useful objectives
The function of the guidance programme should be to achieve the useful
objectives for a person and from this point of view, this programme should be
executed.
10)A continuous process
Guidance process is continuous process, which goes on life long.
11)Attitude of guidance
Guidance is such a programme that its attitudes appear in the curriculam
contents and teaching methods.

BASIS PRINCIPLES OF COUNSELLING

According to McDaniel and shaffal,
1)Principle of acceptance:
According to this principle, each client must be accepted as an individual and
dealt with as such. The counsellor should give due regard to the rights of the
client.
2)Principle of respect for the individual:
All the schools of thoughts of counselling advocate for the respect of the
individual.
3)Principle of permissiveness:
Counselling is such a relationship which develops optimism and the
environment Shapes according to the person all the thought accepts the relative
relationship of counselling.
4)Principle of thinking with the individual:
Counselling emphasizes thinking with the individual.
5)Principle of consistency with ideals of democracy:
All the principles are associated with ideals of democracy. The ideals of
democracy desire to accept a person and want to respect the right of other.
6)Principle of learning:
All the assumptions of counselling accept the presence of learning
elements in the counselling process.
PURPOSES OF GUIDANCE AND COUNSELLING
 Providing the needed information & assistance
 Helping in individual to make wise choices
 Improve the understanding of self
 Facilitate the adjustment
 Helps in adapting to the changes or new environment
 Making self-sufficient & independent
 Efficient use of capabilities & talent
 Promote the optimal personal & professional development
 Balanced physical, psychological, emotional, social & spiritual growth
 Helps in overall development & to live productive life.
Need of Guidance and Counselling in Nursing Education.
 To help nursing students in establishing proper identity.
 To help them to develop a positive attitude towards life.
 To help to overcome periods of turmoil & confusion.
 To help students in developing their leadership qualities.
 To motivate them for taking membership in professional organizations
after competing their studies.
 Helps them to make advantages of technological advancement in a patient
care.
 Helps them to readiness for changes & face challenges
 To carryout responsibilities as a health team member
  Helps them to proper selection of career
 Motivate them for higher studies.
 To help students adjusting with the new environment of the nursing
institute.
 To help in developing qualities required for a successful for a nursing
practice.
 To help students in getting adjusted with the clinical environment.
 To help students keeping in touch with the latest trends in nursing
 To help students in developing positive learning habits, especially skill
learning
 To help in the development of appropriate coping straggles in order to
deal with stress in a productive manner
TYPES OF GUIDANCE
1)Educational Guidance
It refers to the guidance to students in all aspect of education. The
emphasis is providing assistance to students to perform satisfactory in their
academic work, choose the appropriate course of study, overcome learning
difficulties, foster creativity, improve level of motivation, utilize resources such
as library, laboratory.

2)Vocational Guidance
It is the assistance provided for selection a vocation and preparation for
the same. It is concerned with enabling students to acquire information about
career opportunity, career growth, and training facilities.

3)Personal Guidance
It refers to the guidance to students to enable them to adjust themselves to
their environment so that they become efficient citizens. Adolescent behaviour,
to a great extent, depends upon the moods and attitudes of the adolescent.
Emotional instability is a characteristic of adolescent and this is often the course
of many of their personal problems.
4)Social Guidance
It is the guidance to students to enable them to make substantial contributions to
the society, assume leadership, conform to the social norms, work as team
members, develop healthy and positive attitude, appreciate the problem of
society, respect the opinions sentiments of fellow being and friends. Its main
purpose is to enable the students to become an efficient citizen.
5)Avocational Guidance
It is the assistance to be provided to students to spend their available
leisure time profitably. Activity and programme outside the formal classroom
provide many opportunities for the blossoming of talents of students. They use
their leisure time in many activities such as play, games, photography, drama,
fine arts. Students must enjoy life around them through which all round
development is possible.
6)Health Guidance
It implies the assistance rendered to students for maintaining sound
health. Sound health is a prerequisite for participating in curricular and co
curricular activities. This type of guidance focus on enabling students to
appreciate conditions for good health, and takes steps necessary for ensuing
good health. A sound mind is possible only in a sound body.

TYPES OF COUNSELLING
1)Directive Counselling:
In directive counselling superior understands the problem, formulats correct
answer, persuades the workers to perceive the answer in the same ways and
solve the problem.
2)Non Directive Counselling / client centred Counselling:
It rests upon the fundamental respect for the individual belief in persons ability
to solve personal problem with the aid of a sympathetic listener. The counsellor
role is passive. In this counsellor respect for the personal autonomy of the
client. i.e. The client have make the final decisions.
3)Short Term Counselling:
Used is situational crisis in which disruption of life occurred. It focuses of the
client or family and counsellor can share problem solving ability with the client.
4)Long Term Counselling:
It extends over a prolonged period of time. It varies, daily, weekly or monthly
basis. It is focused for the client who experiences developmental crisis may
need long-term counselling:.
Example: Woman with menopause; woman with breast-feeding.
5)Psychological counselling:
They rely simply on conversation between client and therapist. This may take in
the form of questions and answers, reconstruction of past history.
The therapist may offer: (a) Encouragement (b) Give information and advice (c)
Hope.
6)Clinical Counselling:
It involves face-to-face relationship between the counsellor and counselee. It
makes efforts to describe the problem and also suggest remedies. It helps the
client who is suffering from some behavioral disorder.

7)Student Counselling:
It is concerned with helping the student to solve his problems pertaining to the
choice of educational institutions, course, methods of study, adjustment,
vocational choice etc.
8)Placement Counselling:
Counsellor will advise to give advice to the counsellor in regard to job and posts
which are suitable to the client depend upon his abilities, attitudes and interests.
9)Marriage Counselling:
Advice and help will be provided in selecting the suitable spouse and help in
identify the positive aspect of relationship and to solve the problem related to
their marital problems and relationship.
10)Vocational counselling:
Procedure centered about the problem of selecting a vocation and preening for
it. It helps in all round personality development, solve the problem, develop
skills and efficiency and mastery over the vocation.
11)Psycho therapeutic counselling:
Psychologically trained individual consciously attempts verbally to assist the
other person to modify emotional attitudes which the subject is aware of the
personality reorganizations through which he is under going.
12) Individual Counselling:
Counselling may be preceded by an interview, the counsellor will try to
establish rapport and structuring has to be done so that the client understands
what to expect at counselling. It will be used to get information to give
information and to change behaviour.
13)Group counselling:
New way of working to helping people, where peer group values are more
important. The counselling group helps the individual to change and encourages
his desires, abilities through their relationship.
For homogeneous group (6-8 or below 20 member) group counselling will be
advised.
14)Behavioural counselling:
To change specific and particular behaviour and to treat the behavioural
disorders. it is based on, principle Learning by conditioning.
15)Dietary counselling:
Helping the individual to learn more about diet and nutritional needs. Helps the
person become more aware of the role, food play in providing, and maintaining
and building health and strength minimizing the discomforts of diseases.
16)Motivational counselling:
It involves discussing feelings and incentives with the client. The counselor can
encourage establishing helping relationship to avoid despair feelings and work
through the feeling of their motivation.
17)Interpersonal counselling:
Change in life events.
Sources of persistent distress in family or work place.
Current difficulties in relationship.
Parents are encouraged to better ways of coping with these difficulties.
18)Bereavement counselling:
It focuses on working through the stages of grief combines an opportunity for
emotional release including the expression of despair and anger.
19)Problem solving counselling:
Suitable for patient with reaction to stress and with minor affective disorder
20)Educational counselling:
It help the pupils to get maximum benefit out of education of solve their
problems related of education and assist the pupils to identify the needs of
educational planning.
21)Personal counselling:
Every student faces certain problem about which she may be very anxious here
counsellor help the pupils to solve the problems and provides advice on
personal problems, develop interpersonal skills and provide marriage
counselling.
22)Moral, religious and social counselling:
Providing and developing, learning experiences to inculcate right ideals and
conduct of living that would be beneficial to them and the society.
23)Counselling in leisure time:
Counselling functions in the area helps the pupils to find opportunities for
creative use of their leisure time.
24)Self help group counselling:
It is a process of counselling of people in groups, which contrary to the age-old
individual is concepts of counselling.
25)peer group counselling:
Peer also important member of the team of counselling. many student prefer
discussing their problem with their fellow member rather than with their tutor or
counsellors. It is very useful in nursing education as there is shortage of trained
tutor counsellor. it help the individuals to adjust to the new setting.
PHASES OF COUNSELLING:
During the process of counselling in accordance with nature of the person
being helped, gives us different approach to counselling. These phase are in
progressive movements and collectively describes the counselling process.
PHASE- 1: ESTABLISHING RELATIONSHIP
Is the core phase in the processing of counselling:
 Introduce yourself.
 Listen attentively and remember the client name.
 Always address the individual by name.
 Ensure physical comfort.
 Do not interrupt the individual while he\she is talking.
 Observe non-verbal communication.
Relationship not establishes in just one session but may require several sessions
before he\she becomes comfortable with you.
PHASE- 2: ASSESSMENT
It is a phase in which individual are encouraged to talk about their
problem. It is a data-collecting phase and involves several specific skills such
as:
 Observation.
 Enquiry.
 Making association among facts.
 Recording.
 Making educated guesses.
 Recording of information should be done systematically and promptly.
PHASE- 3: SETTING GOALS
The major purpose of this phase is to provide direction to the individual
and counsellor. Setting goal help us to know how well counselling is working
and when counselling may be concluded. setting goals may be of two types (1)
Immediate (2) Ultimate
PHASE- 4: INTERVENTION
In this phase counsellor holds about the counselling process. After setting
goals the question that follows is how shall we accomplish these goals.
Counsellor used the intervention and changed when the interventions is not
working.
PHASE- 5: TERMINATIONS AND FOLLOW- UP
All counselling has its ultimate criterion a successful termination. It must be
done without destroying the accomplishment gained and should be done with
sensitivity intention and by fading. It is not unusual for the individual to have a
feeling of a sense loss; hence, termination should be planned over few sessions.
Follows up appointment can also be fixed for some time.
Sr Guidance Counselling
no.
1. It is a comprehensive process. It is an integral part of guidance .
2. It can be an individual as well Counselling of one individual is
as in group. possible at a time .
3. Nature of guidance is proactive Nature counselling is reactive .
4. Strategy of guidance is no Strategy of counselling is builds
deeper connectivity relationship.
5. Scope of guidance is broader Scope of counselling is detailed and
and comprehensive. narrow.
6. Goal of guidance is self Goal of counselling is resolution of
understanding . problem
7. Guidance is mainly preventive Counselling is remedial as well as
and developmentally . preventive and developmentally.
8. Recipient of guidance is Recipient of counselling is clients.
general public
9. Face to face relationship is not Face to face direct relationship is
essential. essential.
10. Guidance is generally education counselling is mostly offered for
and career related and may be personal and social issues.
personal.
 CONCLUSION
Counselling can be explained as a discussion of a emotional problem with
an employee with the general objective of decreasing it. It helps to grow
self-confidence, understanding self-control and ability to work effectively
in an organization. Counselling is helping people to help themselves. Advise
is telling with good intention. Guidance is helping ‘side by side.’
Psychotherapy is higher level of help. Explicit agreement exists in
counselling and therapy.
 SUMMARY
today we discuss about guidance and counselling under the
following heading –
 Introduction of guidance
 Definition of guidance
 Principle of guidance
 Introduction of counselling
 Definition of counselling
 Principle of counselling
 Purpose of guidance and counselling
 Need for guidance and counselling in nursing education
 Types of guidance
 Types of counselling
 Phases of counselling
 Difference between guidance and counselling


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