Mole and Percentage

Composition
 Objectives
•Calculate the mass of a substance using mole concept
•Determine the percentage composition of a substance based on its chemical formula
• Corrects the myths and misconception of substance of use and abused.
 
 Mole
What is mole?
- It is the standard unit for measuring large quantities of atoms, molecules, or
other small particles; it has a unit number of 6.02 x 1023
What is molar mass?
- The molar mass of some substance is the mass in grams of one mole of that
substance. This mass is given by the atomic weight of the chemical unit that
makes up that substance in atomic mass units (amu).

Example Gold (AU) Atomic Weight = 197.0 = 1 mol of gold has a mass of the
197.0 grams or 197.0 g/mol.
 Avogadro’s number
Amadeo Avogadro
Italian mathematical physicist who showed in what became known as
Avogadro’s law that, under controlled conditions of temperature and pressure,
equal volumes of gases contain an equal number of molecules.

Avogadro’s number
number of units in one mole of any substance (defined as its molecular
weight in grams), equal to 6.02214076 × 1023. The units may be electrons,
atoms, ions, or molecules, depending on the nature of the substance and the
character of the reaction (if any).(Britannica)
 Sample Problem
Moles/Molecules/Atoms
Avogadro’s number (constant) = 6.02 x 1023

n = m/M Whereas:
n = to the number of moles, mol
m = mass, gram (g)
M = Molar mass
 Sample Problem
Silver (Ag) is used in jewelry making. What is the number of moles
and number of atoms in a 150 g of silver? Ag = 107.9 amu.
 Sample Problem
How many moles of salt ( NaCl)do you consume if you are
consuming 250 g of salt per month? What is the number of
molecules in the given amount of salt?
Sodium (Na) = 22.99 amu, Chlorine (Cl) = 35.45 amu
 Percentage Composition
•
 Sample Problem
1. Calculate the percent composition of (CO2)

2. Find the percentage of the hydrate Ca3SO4 . 2H2O

3. Find the percent composition of oxygen in glucose

Sample Problem

Thank
You