Police Organization and Administration Guide

POLICE ORGANIZATION AND ADMINISTRATION
WITH POLICE PLANNING

LAW ENFORCEMENT ADMINISTRATION
I. MANAGEMENT AND ORGANIZATION CONCEPTS
ORGANIZATION
- a group of persons working together for a common goal or objectives
- a form of human association for the attainment of a goal or objective
- the process of identifying and grouping the work to be performed, defining and delegating
responsibility and authority, establishing relationships for the purpose of enabling
people work effectively
POLICE ORGANIZATION
- a group of trained personnel in the field of public safety administration engaged in
the achievement of goals and objectives that promotes the maintenance of peace
and order, protection of life and property, enforcement of the laws and the
prevention of crimes
LAW ENFORCEMENT AGENCY
- pertains to an organization responsible for enforcing the laws
ENFORCEMENT
- means to compel obedience to a law, regulation or command
OBJECTIVES
- refer to the purpose by which the organization was created
- refer to the goals of the organizations
PNP MISSION
“To enforce the law, to prevent and control crimes, to maintain peace and order,
and to ensure public safety and internal security with the active support of the
community”
ADMINISTRATION
- an organizational process concerned with the implementation of objectives and plans and
internal operating efficiency
- connotes bureaucratic structure and behavior, relatively routine decision-making and
maintenance of the internal order
POLICE
- a branch of the criminal justice system that has the specific responsibility of maintaining
law and order and combating crime within the society
POLICE/LAW ENFORCEMENT ADMINISTRATION
- the process involved in ensuring strict compliance, proper obedience of laws and
related statutes - focuses on the policing process or how law enforcement agencies
are organized and managed in order to achieve the goals of law enforcement most
effectively, efficiently and productively
SUPERVISION
- means the act of watching over the work or tasks of the members of the organization to
ensure that desired results are achieved
MANAGEMENT
- the process of directing and facilitating the work of people organized in formal groups in
order to achieve objectives
- judicious or wise use of resources (manpower, material, money, equipment, supplies,
time etc)
AUTHORITY
- the right to command and control the behavior of employees in lower positions
within an organizational hierarchy
- must be viewed in terms of prescribed roles rather than of individuals
- a particular position within an organization carries the same regardless of who
occupies that position
HIERARCHY
- represents the formal relationship among superiors and subordinates in any given
organization
- serves as the framework for the flow of authority downward, and obedience upward,
through the department
MANAGEMENT OR ADMINISTRATIVE FUNCTIONS
1) PLANNING
- the determination in advance of how the objectives of the organization will be attained
- the process of setting performance objectives and identifying the actions needed to
accomplish them - working out in broad outline the things that need to
be done and the methods for doing them to accomplish the purpose set for the
enterprise
2) ORGANIZING
- involves the determination and allocation of the men and women as well as the resource of
an organization to achieve pre-determined goals or objectives of the organization
- the process of dividing the work to be done and coordinating results to achieve a
desired purpose - establishment of the formal structure of authority
through which work subdivisions are arranged, defined and coordinated for the
desired objectives
3) DIRECTING
- involves the overseeing and supervising of the human resources and the various
activities in an organization to achieve through cooperative efforts the pre-
determined goals or objectives of the organization
- also called leading, the process of directing and coordinating the work efforts of
other people to help them accomplish important task
- task of making decisions and embodying them in specific and general orders and
instructions
4) CONTROLLING
- involves the checking or evaluation and measurement of work performance and comparing
it with planned goals or objectives of the organization, and making the necessary
corrective actions so that work is accomplished as planned
- the process of monitoring performance, comparing results to objectives and taking
corrective action as necessary
- also called supervising
5) STAFFING
- the task of providing competent men to do the job and choosing the right men for
the right job
- involves good selection and processing of reliable and well-trained personnel
- filling the organization with the right people in the right position
6) REPORTING
- the making of detailed account of activities, work progress, investigations and unusual in
order to keep every one informed or what is going on
7) BUDGETING
- the forecasting in detail of the results of an officially recognized program of operations
based on the highest reasonable expectations of operating efficiency
PRINCIPLES OF EFFICIENT MANAGEMENT
DIVISION OF WORK
- work specialization can increase efficiency with the same amount of effort
AUTHORITY AND RESPONSIBILITY
- authority includes the right to command and the power to require obedience
- one cannot have authority without responsibility
DISCIPLINE
- necessary for an organization to function effectively, however, the state of the disciplinary
process depends upon the quality of its leaders
UNITY OF COMMAND
- subordinate should receive orders from one superior only
SCALAR CHAIN
- the hierarchy of authority is the order of ranks from the highest to the lowest levels
of the organization - shows the vertical hierarchy of the organization which defines an
unbroken chain of units from top to bottom describing explicitly the flow of authority
ORGANIZATIONAL UNITS IN THE POLICE ORGANIZATION 1)
FUNCTIONAL UNITS
a) BUREAU
- the largest organic functional unit within a large department; comprises of several
divisions
b) DIVISION
- a primary subdivision of a bureau
c) SECTION
- functional unit within a division that is necessary for
specialization
d) UNIT
- functional group within a section or the smallest functional group within an
organization
2) TERRITORIAL UNITS
a) POST
- a fixed point or location to which an officer is assigned for duty, such as a designated
desk
or office or an intersection or cross walk from traffic duty
b) ROUTE
- a length of streets designated for patrol purposes; also called line
beat
c) BEAT
- an area assigned for patrol purposes, whether foot or motorized
d) SECTOR
- an area containing two or more beats, routes or posts
e) DISTRICT
- a geographical subdivision of a city for patrol purposes, usually with its own
station
f) AREA
- a section or territorial division of a large city each comprised of designated
districts
FUNCTIONS IN A POLICE ORGANIZATION
1) PRIMARY OR LINE FUNCTIONS
- functions that carry out the major purposes of the organization, delivering the services and
dealing directly with the public
- the backbone of the police department
- examples of the line functions of the police are patrolling, traffic duties, crime
investigation
2) STAFF/ADMINISTRATIVE FUNCTIONS
- functions that are designed to support the line functions and assist in the performance of
the line functions
- examples of the staff functions of the police are planning, research,
budgeting and legal advice
3) AUXILIARY FUNCTIONS
- functions involving the logistical operations of the organization
- examples are training, communication, maintenance, records management,

supplies and equipment management
ORGANIC UNITS IN A POLICE ORGANIZATION

1) OPERATIONAL UNITS
- those that perform primary or line functions - examples are patrol, traffic,
investigation and vice control,
2) ADMINISTRATIVE UNITS
- those that perform the administrative functions examples are personnel, finance,
planning and training
3) SERVICE UNITS
- those that perform auxiliary functions
- examples are communication, records management, supplies
ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE
- the systematic arrangement of the relationship of the members, positions, departments
and functions or work of the organization
- it is comprised of functions, relationships, responsibilities and authorities of individuals
within the organization
KINDS OF ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURES
1) LINE
- the oldest and simplest kind; also called military - defined by its clear chain of
command from the highest to the lowest and vice versa
- depicts the line functions of the organization - orders or commands must come
from the higher level of authority before it can be carried out
- involves few departments
2) FUNCTIONAL
- structure according to functions and specialized units - depicts staff functions of
the organization - responsibilities are divided among authorities who are all
accountable to the authority above
3) LINE AND STAFF
- a combination of the line and functional kind
- combines the flow of information from the line structure with the staff departments
that service, advise, and support them
- generally more formal in nature and has many departments
The Philippine National Police follows the line and staff kind of
organizational structure.
ORGANIZATIONAL CHART
- an illustration in the form of a chart which represents the organizational structure
- the mechanical means of depicting, by an arrangement of symbols, the relationships that
exist between individuals, groups and functional relationships between groups and
individuals clearly defined to ensure accountability and compliance
ORGANIZATIONAL PRINCIPLES
FOUR PRIMAL CONDITIONS OF AN ORGANIZATION
1) AUTHORITY
- the supreme source of government for any particular organization
- the right to exercise, to decide and to command by virtue of rank and position
2) MUTUAL COOPERATION
- an organization exists because it serves a purpose
3) DOCTRINE
- provides for the organization’s objectives - provides the various actions, hence,
policies, procedures, rules and regulations of the organization are based on the
statement of doctrines
4) DISCIPLINE
- comprising behavioral regulations
ELEMENTS OF POLICE ORGANIZATION
1) UNITY OF COMMAND
- dictates that there should only be ONE MAN commanding the unit to ensure uniformity in
the execution of orders
2) SPAN OF CONTROL
- the maximum number of subordinates that a superior can effectively supervise
Factors affecting the span of control:
a) Leadership qualities of the supervisors
b) Nature of the job and work conditions
c) Complexity of task
d) Education and skill of the employees
3) DELEGATION OF AUTHORITY
- conferring of an amount of authority by a superior position to a lower-level position
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4) HIERARCHY OF AUTHORITY
- the relationship between superiors and subordinates - serves as the framework for
the flow of authority downward and obedience upward through the department
HIERARCHY
- represents the formal relationship among superiors and subordinates in any given
organization
5) SPECIALIZATION
- the assignment of particular personnel to particular tasks
SPECIALIZATION OF JOBS (AREAS OF SPECIALIZATION) - the designation
of certain activities or tasks as ones that must be performed in a highly technological,
scientific or precise manner
- areas of police specialization include undercover works, crime scene operations, legal
advising, computer work, SWAT operations and others
SPECIALIZATION OF PEOPLE (SPECIALISTS)
- the designation of particular persons as having expertise in a specific area of work
- signifies the adaptation of an individual to the requirements through extensive training
6) CHAIN OF COMMAND
- the arrangement of officers from top to bottom on the basis of rank or position and
authority
7) COMMAND RESPONSIBILITY
- dictates that immediate commanders shall be responsible for the effective supervision and
control of their personnel and unit
II. EVOLUTION OF THE POLICING SYSTEM
ORIGIN OF THE WORD “POLICE”
POLITEIA – Greek word which means government of the city
POLITIA – Roman word which means condition of the state or government
POLICE – French word which was later adopted by the English language
THEORIES OF POLICE SERVICE
1) HOME RULE THEORY
- policemen are regarded as servants of the community, who rely for the efficiency of their
functions upon the express needs of the people
- policemen are civil servants whose key duty is the preservation of public peace and
security
2) CONTINENTAL THEORY
- policemen are regarded as state or servants of the higher authorities
- the people have no share or have little participation with the duties nor connection with
the police organization
CONCEPTS OF POLICE SERVICE
1) OLD CONCEPT
- police service gives the impression of being merely a suppressive machinery
- this philosophy advocates that the measurement of police competence is the
increasing number of arrests, throwing offenders in detention facilities rather than
trying to prevent them from committing crimes
2) MODERN CONCEPT
- regards police as the first line of defense of the criminal justice system, an organ of
crime prevention - police efficiency is measured by the decreasing number of
crimes
- broadens police activities to cater to social services and has for its mission the welfare of
the individual as well as that of the community in general
EARLY POLICING SYSTEM
1) KIN POLICING
- the family of the offended individual was expected to assume responsibility for justice
- the family of the victim was allowed to exact vengeance
2) EGYPT
- ancient rulers had elite unit to protect them - created the MEDJAYS, a form of
police force whose duties include guarding of the tombs and apprehending thieves
- introduced the use of dogs as guards and protectors
3) ROME
- created the first organized police force called VIGILES OF ROME, or VIGILES URBANI
(watchmen of the city), which had the primary task of firefighting and policing
- the Vigiles acted as night watch, apprehendinng thieves, keeping an eye out for burglars
and hunting down runaway slaves, and were on occasion used to maintain order in
the streets
- the Vigiles dealt primarily with petty crimes and looked for disturbances of the peace while
they patrolled the streets
- created a special unit called PRAETORIAN GUARDS, a special force of guards used by
Roman Emperors as the Emperors' personal guards
- as personal guards of the Emperor, their primary duty was to protect the Emperor from
assassination and other forms of attack against the Emperor
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4) ENGLAND
a) FRANKPLEDGE SYSTEM/MUTUAL PLEDGE SYSTEM
- required all males aged 12 and above to join a group of nine to form a TYTHING
- members of the tything are called a TYTHINGMEN - a CONSTABLE served as a
leader of ten tythings - the primary task of the things was to protect their village from
thieves and animals
- tythings were later organized into SHIRES - a shire was headed by a leader called
SHIRE REEVE, which is the origin of the word “sheriff”
- their duty was to apprehend offenders
b) PARISH CONSTABLES
- a parish official charged with controlling crimes - appointed to serve for one
year
- duties included organizing watchmen to guard the gates - during trouble, the
watchman would raise a “HUE AND CRY”, a call to arms where the rest of the parish
would stop what they were doing and come to the aid of the constable
MODERN POLICING SYSTEM
1) ENGLAND
a) BOWSTREET RUNNERS
- a group of men organized to arrest offenders - organized by Henry Fielding, a
magistrate in London, in 1749 in London, England
- the name was adopted from the name of the street where the office of Henry Fielding
was located
- when Henry Fielding retired as magistrate, he was replaced by his blind brother,
John Fielding
b) METROPOLITAN POLICE OF ACT 1829
- the law that created the first modern police force in London England, called the
Metropolitan Police Service - this law was passed through the initiative of Sir
Robert Peel, a member of the Parliament
- the headquarters of the Metropolitan Police Service is the Scotland Yard, now known as
the New Scotland Yard
SIR ROBERT PEEL
- recognized as the father of modern policing system
2) UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
a) NEW YORK POLICE DEPARTMENT
- created in 1845 in New York, USA
- recognized as the first modern style police department in the US
- the largest police force in the world
- modeled after the Metropolitan Police Service of London
b) BOSTON POLICE DEPARTMENT
- the oldest police department in the US
- the first night watch was established in Boston in 1631
- formally founded in May, 1854
AUGUST VOLLMER
- recognized as the Father of Modern Law Enforcement for his contributions in the
development of the field of criminal justice in the US
- author of the book, Police Administration, which served as the basic guide in the
administration of the police organization in the US
- was the first police chief of Berkeley, California
III. BRIEF HISTORY OF THE PHILIPPINE POLICING SYSTEM
The institution of police in the Philippines formally started during the Spanish
period. The establishment of the police force was not entirely intended for crime
prevention nor peacekeeping. Rather, it was created as an extension of the colonial

military establishment.
Ancient Roots
The forerunner of the contemporary police system was the practice of barangay
chieftains to select able-bodied young men to protect their barangay during the night
and were not required to work in the fields during daytime. Among the duties of those
selected were to protect the properties of the people in the barangay and protect their
crops and livestock from wild animals.
Spanish Period
Carabineros de Seguridad Publica – organized in 1712 for the purpose of carrying
the regulations of the Department of State; this was armed and considered as the
mounted police; years after, this kind of police organization discharged the duties of a
port, harbor and river police
Guardrilleros/Cuardillo – this was a body of rural police organized in each town and
established by the Royal Decree of 18 January 1836; this decree provided that 5% of
the able-bodied male inhabitants of each province were to be enlisted in this police
organization for three years
Guardia Civil – this was created by a Royal Decree issued by the Crown on 12
February 1852 to partially relieve the Spanish Peninsular troops of their work in
policing towns; it consisted of a body of Filipino policemen organized originally in each
of the provincial capitals of the central provinces of Luzon under the Alcalde Mayor
American Period
The Americans established the United States Philippine Commission headed by
General Howard Taft as its first governor-general. On January 9, 1901, the
Metropolitan Police Force of Manila was organized pursuant to Act No 70
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of the Taft Commission. This has become the basis for the celebration of the
anniversary of the Manila’s Finest every January 9th.
ACT NO 175 – entitled “An Act Providing for the Organization and Government of
an Insular Constabulary”, enacted on July 18, 1901
CAPT HENRY ALLEN
- the first chief of the Philippine Constabulary in 1901
ACT NO 183 - created the Manila Police Department, enacted on July 31, 1901
CAPT GEORGE CURRY,
- the first chief of police of the Manila Police Department in 1901
Act No 255 – the act that renamed the Insular Constabulary into Philippine
Constabulary, enacted on October 3, 1901
Executive Order 389 – ordered that the Philippine Constabulary be one of the four
services of the Armed Forces of the Philippines, enacted on December 23, 1940 Post-
American Period
RA 4864 – otherwise known as the Police Professionalization Act of 1966, enacted on
September 8, 1966; created the Police Commission (POLCOM) as a supervisory agency
to oversee the training and professionalization of the local police forces under the
Office of the President; later POLCOM was renamed into National Police Commission
(NAPOLCOM)
Martial Law Period
PD 765 – otherwise known as the Integration Act of 1975, enacted on August 8,
1975; established the Integrated National Police (INP) composed of the Philippine
Constabulary (PC) as the nucleus and the integrated local police forces as
components, under the Ministry of National Defense
- transferred the NAPOLCOM from the Office of the President to the Ministry of
National Defense
Post Martial Law Regime
Executive Order No 1012 – transferred to the city and municipal government the
operational supervision and direction over all INP units assigned within their locality;
issued on July 10, 1985
Executive Order No 1040 – transferred the administrative control and supervision of
the INP from the Ministry of National Defense to the National Police Commission
RA 6975 – otherwise known as the Department of the Interior and Local
Government Act of 1990, enacted on December 13, 1990; reorganized the DILG and
established the Philippine National Police, Bureau of Fire Protection, Bureau of Jail
Management and Penology and the Philippine Public Safety College
RA 8551 – otherwise known as the Philippine National Police Reform and

Reorganization Act of 1998, enacted on February 25, 1998; this law amended
certain provisions of RA 6975
RA 9708 - law amending the provisions of RA 6975 and RA 8551 on the minimum
educational qualification for appointment to the PNP and adjusting the
promotion system; approved on 12 August 2009
“AN ACT EXTENDING FOR FIVE (5) YEARS THE REGLEMENTARY PERIOD
FOR COMPLYING WITH THE MINIMUM EDUCATIONAL QUALIFICATION FOR
APPOINTMENT TO THE PHILIPPINE NATIONAL POLICE (PNP) AND
ADJUSTING THE PROMOTION SYSTEM THEREOF, AMENDING FOR THE
PURPOSE PERTINENT PROVISIONS OF REPUBLIC ACT NO. 6975 AND
REPUBLIC ACT NO. 8551 AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES”
IMPORTANT FILIPINO PERSONALITIES IN THE EVOLUTION OF PHILIPPINE
POLICING
BRIG GEN RAFAEL CRAME
- the first Filipino chief of the Philippine Constabulary in 1917
COL ANTONIO TORRES
- the first Filipino chief of police of the Manila Police Department in 1935
COL LAMBERTO JAVALERA
- the first chief of police of the Manila Police Department after the Philippine
Independence from the United States of America in 1946
P/DIR GEN CESAR NAZARENO
- the first chief of the Philippine National Police
IV. HIGHLIGHTS OF RA 6975 – THE DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR AND
LOCAL GOVERNMENT ACT OF 1990, RA 8551 – THE PHILIPPINE NATIONAL
POLICE REFORM AND REORGANIZATION ACT OF 1998 and RA 9708
A. THE DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT (DILG)
- formerly Department of Local Government (DLG) - reorganized under RA
6975
ORGANIZATION:
- consist of:
a) the Department proper
b) existing bureaus and offices of the DLG

c) local government units (LGU)
1) provincial governors
2) city and municipal mayors
d) the National Police Commission
e) the Philippine Public Safety College
f) Philippine National Police
g) Bureau of Fire Protection
h) Bureau of Jail Management and Penology
- the PPSC, PNP, BFP and BJMP were created under RA 6975
- headed by the Secretary to be appointed by the President and who shall serve at the
pleasure of the President
- the Secretary shall be assisted by two (2) Undersecretaries and three (3) Assistant
Secretaries a) Undersecretary for Local Government
b) Undersecretary for Peace and Order
- No retired or resigned military officer or police official may be appointed as
Secretary within one (1) year from date of retirement or resignation - the
Secretary is also the ex officio chairman of the National Police Commission
- refer to the organizational chart of DILG -
POWERS AND FUNCTIONS OF THE DILG
1) Assist the President in the exercise of general supervision over local governments;
2) Advise the President in the promulgation of policies, rules, regulations and other
issuances on the general supervision over local governments and on public order
and safety;
3) Establish and prescribe rules, regulations and other issuances implementing laws
on public order and safety, the general supervision over local governments and the
promotion of local autonomy and community empowerment and monitor
compliance thereof;
4) Provide assistance towards legislation regarding local governments, law
enforcement and public safety; Establish and prescribe plans, policies, programs
and projects to promote peace and order, ensure public safety and further
strengthen the administrative, technical and fiscal capabilities of local government

offices and personnel;
5) Formulate plans, policies and programs which will meet local emergencies arising
from natural and man-made disasters; Establish a system of coordination and
cooperation among the citizenry, local executives and the Department, to ensure
effective and efficient delivery of basic services to the public;
6) Organize, train and equip primarily for the performance of police functions, a
police force that is national in scope and civilian in character. 7)
RELATIONSHIP OF THE DILG WITH THE DEPARTMENT OF NATIONAL DEFENSE
(DND)
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- under RA 6975, the Armed Forces of the Philippines (AFP) was in charge with
external security while the DILG was in charge with internal security
- under RA 8551, the Armed Forces of the Philippines is now in charge with both
internal and external security with the PNP as support through information
gathering and performance of ordinary police functions
B. NATIONAL POLICE COMMISSION
- an agency attached to the DILG for policy coordination
- shall exercise administrative control and operational supervision over the PNP
VISION OF THE NAPOLCOM
"We envision the National Police Commission as a highly dynamic, committed
and responsive administering and controlling body, actively and effectively facilitating
the evolvement of a highly professional, competent, disciplined, credible and
trustworthy PNP"
MISSION OF THE NAPOLCOM
"To administer and control the Philippine National Police with the end in view of
maintaining a highly professional, competent, disciplined, credible and trustworthy
PNP”
POWERS AND FUNCTIONS OF THE NAPOLCOM
A. Exercise administrative control and operational supervision over the
Philippine National Police (PNP) which shall mean the power to:
1. Develop policies and promulgate a police manual prescribing rules and

regulations for efficient organization, administration, and operation, including
criteria for manpower allocation distribution and deployment, recruitment,
selection, promotion, and retirement of personnel and the conduct of qualifying
entrance and promotional examinations for uniformed members; 2. Examine and
audit, and thereafter establish standards for such purposes on a continuing
basis, the performance, activities, and facilities of all police agencies throughout
the country;
3. Establish a system of uniform crime reporting; 4. Conduct annual self-report
surveys and compile statistical data for accurate assessment of the crime situation
and the proper evaluation of the efficiency and effectiveness of all police units in the
country; 5. Approve or modify plans and programs on education and training,
logistical requirements, communications, records, information systems, crime
laboratory, crime prevention and crime reporting;
6. Affirm, reverse or modify, through the National Appellate Board, personnel
administrative actions involving the demotion or dismissal from the service
imposed upon members of the Philippine National Police by the Chief of the
Philippine National Police;
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7. Exercise appellate jurisdiction through the Regional Appellate Boards, over
administrative cases against policemen and over decisions on claims for police
benefits; 8. Prescribe minimum standards for arms, equipment, and uniforms
and, after consultation with the Philippine Heraldry Commission, for insignia of
ranks, awards, medals of honor;
9. Issue subpoena and subpoena duces tecum in matters pertaining to the discharge
of its own powers and duties, and designate who among its personnel can issue
processes and administer oaths in connection therewith;
10. Inspect and assess the compliance of the PNP on the established criteria for
manpower allocation, distribution and deployment and their impact on the
community and the crime situation, and thereafter formulate appropriate
guidelines for maximization of resources and effective utilization of the PNP
personnel;
11. Monitor the performance of the local chief executives as deputies of the
Commission; and
12. Monitor and investigate police anomalies and irregularities.
B. Advise the President on all matters involving police functions and administration;
C. Render to the President and to Congress an annual report of its activities and
accomplishments during the thirty (30)days after the end of the calendar year, which
shall include an appraisal of the conditions obtaining in the organization and
administration of police agencies in the municipalities, cities and provinces
throughout the country, and recommendations for appropriate remedial legislations;
D. Recommend to the President, through the Secretary, within sixty (60) days before
the commencement of each calendar year, a crime prevention program; and E.
Perform such other functions necessary to carry out the provisions of R.A. 6975, as
amended, other existing laws and Presidential issuances, and as the President may
direct.
COMPOSITION:
- consist of a Chairperson, four (4) regular Commissioners and the Chief of PNP as ex
officio member
- shall serve a term of office of six (6) years without reappointment or extension
- three of the four regular commissioners shall come from civilian sector and not former
members of the police or military
- the fourth regular commissioner shall come from the law enforcement sector
either active or retired - at least one (1) of the four regular commissioners shall be
a woman
- from among the three regular commissioners from the civilian sector, the Vice
Chairperson shall be chosen
- the Vice Chairperson shall act as the Executive Officer of the Commission
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- refer to the organizational structure of the NAPOLCOM
QUALIFICATIONS OF THE REGULAR COMMISSIONERS
- citizens of the Philippines
- lawyers with at least five (5) years experience in handling criminal or human
rights cases; or
- holders of a master’s degree in public administration, sociology, criminology, criminal

justice, law enforcement and other related disciplines
ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE
- composed of:
a) Commission Proper
b) Staff Services
1) Planning and Research
2) Legal Affairs
3) Crime Prevention and Coordination
4) Personnel and Administrative Service
5) Inspection, Monitoring and Investigation
6) Installations and Logistics
7) Financial Service
c) Disciplinary Appellate Boards
1) National Appellate Board
 shall decide cases on appeal from the decisions rendered by the Chief,
PNP

2) Regional Appellate Board
 shall decide cases on appeal from decisions rendered by the mayor,
PLEB, and PNP
officers other than the Chief, PNP
C. PHILIPPINE NATIONAL POLICE
- organized pursuant to RA 6975, as amended by RA 8551 - a law enforcement
agency under the operational control of the Department of the Interior and Local
Government and administrative supervision of the National Police Commission
- it is an organization that is national in scope and civilian in character, as provided
by Section 6, Article 16 of the 1987 Philippine Constitution: “The state shall
establish and maintain one police force which shall be national in scope and
civilian in character…”
- headed by the Chief, PNP, with the rank of Director General, appointed by the
President and who shall serve a term of office of four (4) years
-
NATIONAL IN SCOPE
- means that the PNP is a nationwide government organization whose jurisdiction covers
the entire breadth of the Philippine archipelago
- all uniformed and non-uniformed personnel of the PNP are national government
employees
CIVILIAN IN CHARACTER
- means that that the PNP is not a part of the military, although it retains some military
attributes such as discipline
POWERS AND FUNCTIONS OF THE PNP
1) Enforce all laws and ordinances relative to the protection of lives and properties;
2) Maintain peace and order and take all necessary steps to ensure public safety;
3) Investigate and prevent crimes, effect the arrest of criminal offenders, bring
offenders to justice and assist in their prosecution;
4) Exercise the general powers to make arrest, search and seizure in accordance with
the Constitution and pertinent laws;
5) Detain an arrested person for a period not beyond what is prescribed by law,
informing the person so detained of all his rights under the Constitution;
6) Issue licenses for the possession of firearms and explosives in accordance with
law;
7) Supervise and control the training and operations of security agencies and issue
licenses to operate security agencies and to security guards and private detectives,
for the purpose of their professions.
DUTIES AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF A POLICE OFFICER 1) He shall be ready at all
times to perform his duties and obey the lawful orders of his superior officers or
higher authority;
2) He shall be responsible for the efficient performance of his duties and adequate
coverage of his beat or post;
3) He shall cooperate and coordinate with the other members of his relief, district or
other division segments so that their teamwork may ensure continuity of purpose
and maximum achievement of the objectives of the department;
4) He shall be available for duty at all times in case of special needs or emergencies;
5) He shall respond readily and report punctually to all assignments;
6) He shall execute the service program within his area of responsibility providing for
prevention of crime, protection of life and property, apprehension and prosecution
of offenders, preservation of peace and enforcement of regulatory measures;
7) He shall familiarize himself with administrative ad operational policies of the
department;
8) He shall be in prescribed attire and have the required equipment when reporting
for duty;
9) He shall be attentive to instruction and record information given during the briefing
or roll-call training and shall likewise record his activities during his tour of duty;
10) He shall supervise and inspect all public and licensed places within his area of
responsibility.
Page 17 of 40
ORGANIZATION and COMPOSITION OF THE PNP
- shall be headed by a Chief who shall be assisted by two (2) deputy chiefs:
1) Deputy Chief for Administration
2) Deputy Chief for Operations
- the Chief PNP and the two (2) deputy chiefs shall be appointed by the President
- no officer who is retirable within six (6) months shall be appointed Chief
- the PNP shall be composed of a national office, regional offices, provincial offices,
district offices, and city or municipal stations
- refer to the organizational structure of the Philippine National Police
CAMP RAFAEL CRAME
- the national headquarters of the Philippine National Police, located in Quezon City
- houses the offices of the following:
a) Chief, PNP
b) two (2) deputy chiefs
c) Chief, Directorial Staff
d) ten (10) directorial staff
e) nine administrative units
f) ten operational units
POLICE REGIONAL OFFICES

- the PNP is divided into seventeen (17) police regional offices (PRO), each headed by a
Regional Director:
National Capital Region Police Office (NCRO) PRO 1 to PRO
13
Cordillera Autonomous Region (CAR)
Autonomous Region of Muslim Mindanao (ARMM)
PROVINCIAL POLICE OFFICES

- for every region, there are provincial offices, each headed by a Provincial Director
- in large provinces, police districts may be established to be headed by a District
Director - at the city or municipal levels or stations, each is headed by a Chief of
Police
DISTRICT OFFICES
- NCRPO is divided into five (5) districts, each headed by a District Director:
Manila Police District (formerly Western Police District)- Manila
Eastern Police District (EPD) – San Juan, Mandaluyong, Pasig
Northern Police District (NPD) – Caloocan, Malabon, Valenzuela
Central Police District (CPD) – Quezon City
Southern Police District (SPD) – Pasay and Makati PNP
ADMINISTRATIVE SUPPORT UNITS
Page 18 of 40
1) CRIME LABORATORY
- shall provide scientific and technical investigate aid and support to the PNP and other
government investigative agencies
2) LOGISTICS UNIT
- headed by a Director with the rank of CHIEF SUPERINTENDENT
- shall be responsible for the procurement, distribution and management of all the logistical
requirements of the PNP including firearms and ammunition
3) COMMUNICATIONS UNIT
- shall be responsible for establishing an effective police communications network
4) COMPUTER CENTER
- shall be responsible for the design, implementation and maintenance of a

database system for the PNP
5) FINANCE CENTER
- shall be responsible for providing finance services to the PNP
6) CIVIL SECURITY UNIT
- shall provide administrative services and general supervision over the organization,
business operation and activities of all organized private detectives, watchmen,
security guard agencies and company guard forces
OPERATIONAL SUPPORT UNITS
1) MARITIME POLICE UNIT
- shall perform all police functions over Philippine territorial waters and rivers
2) POLICE INTELLIGENCE UNIT
- shall serve as the intelligence and counterintelligence operating unit of the PNP
3) POLICE SECURITY UNIT
- shall provide security for government officials, visiting dignitaries and private individuals
authorized to be given protection
4) CRIMINAL INVESTIGATION UNIT
- Shall undertake the monitoring, investigation and prosecution of all crimes involving
economic sabotage, and other crimes of such magnitude and extent as to indicate
their commission by highly placed or professional criminal syndicates and
organizations
5) SPECIAL ACTION FORCE
- shall function as a mobile strike force or reaction unit to augment regional, provincial,
municipal and city police forces for civil disturbance control, counterinsurgency,
hostage-taking rescue operations and other special operations
6) NARCOTICS UNIT
- shall enforce all laws relative to the protection of the citizenry against dangerous and
other prohibited drugs and substances
7) AVIATION SECURITY UNIT
- shall secure all the country’s airports against offensive and terroristic acts that
threaten civil aviation, exercise operational control and supervision over all agencies
involved in airport security operation, and enforce all laws and regulations relative to
air travel protection and safety
8) TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT UNIT
- shall enforce traffic laws and regulations
9) MEDICAL AND DENTAL CENTERS
- shall be responsible for providing medical and dental services for the PNP
10) CIVIL RELATIONS UNIT
- shall implement plans and programs that will promote community and citizen’s
participation in the maintenance of peace and order and public safety
POWERS AND FUNCTIONS OF THE CHIEF PNP
The command and direction of the PNP shall be vested in the Chief, PNP who
shall have the power to: 1) direct and control tactical as well as strategic movements,
deployment, placement, utilization of the PNP or any of its units and personnel,
including its equipment, facilities and other resources;
2) issue detailed implementing policies and instructions regarding personnel, funds,
properties, records, correspondence, and such other matters as may be
necessary;
3) dismiss police officers…
MANNING LEVELS (POLICE-TO-POPULATION RATIO)
1:500 – nationwide average
1:1000 – minimum police-to-population ratio
RANK CLASSIFICATION AND ITS COUNTERPART IN THE MILITARY
DIRECTOR GENERAL GENERAL
DEPUTY DIRECTOR GENERAL LIEUTENANT GENERAL DIRECTOR
MAJOR GENERAL CHIEF SUPERINTENDENT BRIGADIER GENERAL
SENIOR SUPERINTENDENT COLONEL
SUPERINTENDENT LIEUTENANT COLONEL Page 20 of 40
CHIEF INSPECTOR MAJOR
SENIOR INSPECTOR CAPTAIN
INSPECTOR LIEUTENANT SENIOR POLICE OFFICER 4 MASTER
SERGEANT SENIOR POLICE OFFICER 3 TECHNICAL SERGEANT
SENIOR POLICE OFFICER 2 STAFF SERGEANT SENIOR POLICE

OFFICER 1 SERGEANT
POLICE OFFICER 3 CORPORAL
POLICE OFFICER 2 PRIVATE 1ST CLASS POLICE OFFICER 1 PRIVATE
NON-COMMISSIONED OFFICER RANKS (NCO)
- PO1 to SPO4
COMMISSIONED OFFICER RANKS (CO)
- INSPECTOR TO DIRECTOR GENERAL
KEY POSITIONS and their CORRESPONDING RANKS IN THE PNP
CHIEF – highest position in the PNP, with the rank of DIRECTOR
GENERAL
DEPUTY CHIEF FOR ADMINISTRATION – the second-in command, with the
rank of DEPUTY DIRECTOR GENERAL
DEPUTY CHIEF FOR OPERATIONS – the third-in-command, with the rank of
DEPUTY DIRECTOR GENERAL
NCR DIRECTOR – with the rank of DIRECTOR
REGIONAL DIRECTOR - with the rank of CHIEF SUPERINTENDENT
PROVINCIAL DIRECTOR - with the rank of SENIOR
SUPERINTENDENT
NCR DISTRICT DIRECTOR - with the rank of CHIEF
SUPERINTENDENT
CHIEF OF POLICE – with the rank of CHIEF INSPECTOR
STATUS OF THE MEMBERS OF THE PNP
- police officers are employees of the national government and shall draw their
salaries from the national budget
- they shall have the same salary grade level as that of public school teachers police
officers assigned in Metro Manila, chartered cities and first class municipalities
may be paid financial incentives by the local government unit concerned subject to
availability of funds
GENERAL QUALIFICATIONS FOR APPOINTMENT TO THE PNP (RA 6975, as
amended by RA 8551 and RA 9708)
a) A citizen of the Philippines;
b) A person of good moral conduct;

c) Must have passed the psychiatric/psychological, drug and physical tests to be
administered by the PNP or by
Page 21 of 40
any NAPOLCOM accredited government hospital for the purpose of
determining physical and mental health; d) Must possess a formal
baccalaureate degree from a recognized institution of learning;
- graduate of any four-year course
e) Must be eligible in accordance with the standards set by the Commission;
- Must have passed the board examination given by the Profession Regulation
Commission (PRC) or the NAPOLCOM Police Entrance Examination
f) Must not have been dishonorably discharged from military employment or
dismissed for cause from any civilian position in the Government;
g) Must not have been convicted by final judgment of an offense or crime involving
moral turpitude;
h) Must be at least one meter and sixty-two centimeters (1.62 m) in height for
male and one meter and fifty seven (1.57 m) for female;
i) Must weigh not more or less than five kilograms (5kgs) from the standard
weight corresponding to his or her height, age and sex; and
j) For a new applicant, must not be less than twenty-one (21) nor more than
thirty (30) years of age
Pursuant to RA 9708, “…PNP members who are already in the service
upon the effectivity of Republic Act No. 8551 shall be given five (5) years to
obtain the minimum educational qualification preferably in law enforcement
related courses, to be reckoned from the date of the effectivity of this
amendatory Act: Provided, furthermore, That for concerned PNP members
rendering more than fifteen (15) years of service and who have exhibited
exemplary performance as determined by the Commission, shall no longer be
required to comply with the aforementioned minimum educational
requirement.”
EXAMINATION AND ELIGIBILITY
The National Police Commission shall administer the entrance and

promotional examinations for police officers on the basis of the standards set by the
Commission (as amended by RA 8551).
POLICE ENTRANCE EXAMINATION – taken by applicants of the PNP
POLICE PROMOTIONAL EXAMINATIONS – taken by in-service police officers as part
of the mandatory requirements for promotion
POLICE OFFICER EXAMINATION
SENIOR POLICE OFFICER EXAMINATION
INSPECTOR EXAMINATION
SUPERINTENDENT EXAMINATION
Police officers, who are LICENSED CRIMINOLOGISTS, no longer need to
take the Police Promotional Examinations as
part of the requirements for promotion. As PRC BOARD PASSERS, they have
already complied with the eligibility requirement.
APPOINTMENT OF UNIFORMED PNP PERSONNEL
PO1 TO SPO4 – appointed by the Regional Director for regional personnel or by the
Chief, PNP for the national headquarters
INSP TO SUPT – appointed by the Chief, PNP
SR SUPT TO DEPUTY DIR GEN – appointed by the President upon recommendation
of the Chief, PNP, subject to confirmation by the Commission on Appointments
DIRECTOR GENERAL – appointed by the President from among the senior officers
down to the rank of CSupt, subject to the confirmation of the Commission on
Appointments
KINDS OF APPOINTMENT
1) PERMANENT – when an applicant possesses the upgraded general
qualifications for appointment in the PNP 2) TEMPORARY – when the appointment
of an applicant is under the waiver program due to weight requirements pending
satisfaction of the requirement waived
LATERAL ENTRY OF OFFICERS
- admission to the PNP with the initial rank of Inspector or Senior Inspector of qualified
applicants belonging to certain professions
INSPECTOR RANK:
- dentists, optometrists, nurses, engineers, graduates of forensic sciences, graduates of

the Philippine National Police Academy and licensed criminologists
SENIOR INSPECTOR RANK:
- chaplains, members of the bar and doctors of medicine
WAIVERS FOR INITIAL APPOINTMENT TO THE PNP (RA 8551)
The age, height, weight and educational requirements for initial
appointment to the PNP may be waived only when the number of qualified applicants
falls below the minimum annual quota, provided:
1) That an applicant shall not be below twenty (20) nor over thirty-five (35) years
of age; and
2) That any applicant not meeting the weight requirement shall be given reasonable
time but not to exceed six (6) months within which to comply with the said
requirement;
3) That the waiver for height requirement shall be automatically granted to applicants
belonging to the cultural minorities
SELECTION CRITERIA UNDER THE WAIVER PROGRAM
1) Applicants who possess the least disqualification shall take precedence over those
who possess more disqualification;
2) The requirement shall be waived in the following order: age, height, weight and
education.
PROMOTION
- the upgrading of ranks and/or advancement to a position of leadership
KINDS OF PROMOTION
1. REGULAR – promotion granted to police officers meeting the mandatory
requirements for promotion
2. SPECIAL – promotion granted to police officers who has exhibited acts of
conspicuous courage and gallantry at the risk of his/her life above and beyond the
call of duty
CONSPICUOUS COURAGE
- courage that is clearly distinguished above others in the performance of one’s duty
MANDATORY REQUIREMENTS FOR PROMOTION
1. Educational attainment – applicable in promotion in position
2. Completion of appropriate training/schooling, such as: Masteral Degree - Chief

Superintendent and above Officers Senior Executive Course (OSEC) – Supt to Sr
Supt
Officers Advance Course (OAC) – Chief Insp
Officers Basic Course (OBC) – Sr Insp
Officers Candidate Course (OCC) – SPO4
Senior Leadership Course (SLC) – SPO3 to SPO4 Junior
Leadership Course (JLC) – PO3 to SPO1
3. Time-in Grade – the number of years required for a police officer to hold a certain
rank before he can be promoted to the next higher rank
1 year – from Sr Supt to Deputy Director General 3 years – from Supt
to Sr Supt
5 years – Chief Insp to Supt
5 years – Sr Insp to Chief Insp
3 years – Insp to Sr Insp
3 years – SPO4 to Insp
2 years – SPO3 to SPO4
2 years – PO3 to SPO1
1 year – PO2 to PO3
5 years – PO1 to PO2
4. Appropriate eligibility – the required promotional examinations
POLICE OFFICER PROMOTIONAL EXAMINATION
SENIOR POLICE OFFICER PROMOTIONAL EXAMINATION POLICE
INSPECTOR PROMOTIONAL EXAMINATION
POLICE SUPERINTENDENT PROMOTIONAL EXAMINATION
Exemptions:
Bar and PRC board examination passers (RA 1080) LICENSED
CRIMINOLOGISTS (RA 6506)
Honor Graduates (PD 907)
Except for the Chief, PNP, no PNP member who has less than one (1) year of
service before reaching the compulsory retirement age shall be promoted to a higher
rank or appointed to any other position.
Pursuant to RA 9708, “…In addition, the institution of a criminal action or
complaint against a police officer shall not be a bar to promotion: Provided,
however, That upon finding of probable cause, notwithstanding any challenge that
may be raised against that finding thereafter, the concerned police officer shall be
ineligible for promotion: Provided, further, That if the case remains unresolved after
two (2) years from the aforementioned determination of probable cause, he or
she shall be considered for promotion. In the event he or she is held guilty of the
crime by final judgment, said promotion shall be recalled without prejudice to the
imposition of the appropriate penalties under applicable laws, rules and regulations:
Provided, furthermore, That if the complaint filed against the police officer is for a
crime including, but not limited to, a violation of human rights, punishable by
reclusion perpetua or life imprisonment, and the court has determined that the
evidence of guilt is strong, said police officer shall be completely ineligible for
promotion during the pendency of the said criminal case.”
ATTRITION (RA 8551)
- the downsizing of personnel in the PNP on the basis provided by law.
MODES OF ATTRITION
1) ATTRITION BY ATTAINMENT OF MAXIMUM TENURE
- those who have reached the prescribed maximum tenure corresponding to their position
shall be retired from the service
Chief 4 years
Deputy Chief 4 years
Director of Staff Services 4 years
Regional Directors 6 years
Provincial/District Directors 9 years
other positions higher than
Provincial Director 6 years
2) ATTRITION BY RELIEF
- those who have been relieved for just cause and have not been given an assignment
within TWO (2) YEARS after such relief shall be retired or separated
3) ATTRITION BY DEMOTION IN POSITION OR RANK
- those who are relieved and assigned to a position lower than what is established for his
or her grade in the PNP staffing pattern and who shall not be assigned to a
position commensurate to his or her grade within EIGHTEEN (18) MONTHS after
such demotion shall be retired or separated
4) ATTRITION BY NON-PROMOTION
- those who have not been promoted for a continuous period of TEN (10) YEARS shall be
retired or separated
5) ATTRITION BY OTHER MEANS
- those who have at least five (5) years of active service shall be separated based on any of
the following:
a) inefficiency based on poor performance during the last two (2)
successive annual rating periods; b) inefficiency based on poor
performance for three (3) cumulative annual rating periods;
c) physical and/or mental incapacity to perform police functions and duties;
or
d) failure to pass the required entrance examinations twice and/or finish the
required career courses except for justifiable reasons
RETIREMENT
- the separation of the police personnel from the service by reason of reaching the age of
retirement provided by law, or upon completion of certain number of years in
active service
A PNP uniformed personnel shall retire to the next higher rank for purposes of
retirement pay.
ACTIVE SERVICE
- shall refer to services rendered as an officer and non-officer, cadet, trainee or
draftee in the PNP
KINDS OF RETIREMENT
1) COMPULSORY – upon reaching the age FIFTY-SIX (56), the age of retirement
2) OPTIONAL – upon completion of TWENTY (20) YEARS of active service
RETIREMENT BENEFITS
Monthly retirement pay shall be FIFTY PERCENT (50%) of the base pay in
case of twenty years of active service, increasing by TWO AND ONE-HALF PERCENT
(2.5%) for every year of active service rendered beyond twenty years.
Page 26 of 40
RETIREMENT DUE TO PERMANENT PHYSICAL DISABILITY
A PNP uniformed personnel who is permanently and totally disabled as a result
of injuries suffered or sickness contracted in the performance of his duty shall be
entitled to ONE YEAR’S SALARY and to a LIFETIME PENSION equivalent to EIGHTY
PERCENT (80%) of his last salary, in addition to other benefits.
Should such PNP personnel die within FIVE (5) YEARS from his retirement
due to physical disability, his legal spouse or legitimate children shall be entitled to
receive the pension for the remainder of the five year-period.
ABSENCE WITHOUT OFFICIAL LEAVE (AWOL)
- failure to report for duty without official notice for a period of THIRTY (30) DAYS
MISSING IN ACTION (MIA)
- any PNP personnel who, while in the performance of duty or by reason of his being an
officer or member of the PNP, is officially confirmed missing in action, kidnapped
or captured by lawless elements shall be entitled to receive or to have credited to
his account the same pay and allowances to which such officer or uniformed
member was entitled at the time of the incident
CREATION OF WOMEN’S DESK
- provided by RA 8551
- women’s desk in all police stations shall administer and attend to cases involving
crimes against chastity, sexual harassment, abuses committed against women and
children and other similar offenses
- the PNP shall reserve TEN PERCENT (10%) of its annual recruitment, training and
education quota for women
- policewomen shall enjoy the same opportunities in terms of assignment, promotion and
other benefits and privileges extended to all police officers
PARTICIPATION OF LOCAL GOVERNMENT EXECUTIVES IN THE
ADMINISTRATION OF PNP
OPERATIONAL SUPERVISION
- shall mean the power to direct, superintend and oversee the day-to-day functions of
police investigation of crime, crime prevention activities and traffic control
- shall also include the power to direct the employment and deployment of units or
elements of the PNP, through the station commander, to ensure public safety and
effective maintenance of peace and order within the locality
EMPLOYMENT
- refers to utilization of units or elements of the PNP for purposes of protection of lives
and properties, enforcement of laws, maintenance of peace and order, prevention
of crimes, arrest of criminal offenders and bringing the offenders to justice and
ensuring public safety, particularly in the suppression of disorders, riots,
lawlessness, violence, rebellious and seditious conspiracy, insurgency, subversion
or other related activities
DEPLOYMENT
- shall mean the orderly and organized physical movement of elements or units of the
PNP within the province, city or municipality for purposes of employment
POWER OF THE PROVINCIAL GOVERNOR
- he has the power to choose his PROVINCIAL DIRECTOR from a list of three (3)
eligibles recommended by the PNP Regional Director
POWER OF THE CITY AND MUNICIPAL MAYOR
- he has the power to choose his CHIEF OF POLICE from a list of five (5) eligibles
recommended by the provincial police director
- he has the authority to recommend to the provincial director the transfer, reassignment
or detail of PNP members outside of their respective city or town
- the control and supervision of anti-gambling operations shall be within the jurisdiction
of local government executives
DISCIPLINARY MECHANISMS OF THE PNP
INTERNAL AFFAIRS SERVICE (IAS)
- created by RA 8551
FUNCTIONS OF THE IAS
1) pro-actively conduct inspections and audits on PNP personnel and units;
2) investigate complaints and gather evidence in support of an open investigation;
3) conduct summary hearings on PNP members facing administrative charges;

4) submit a periodic report on the assessment, analysis, and evaluation of the
character and behavior of PNP personnel and units to the Chief PNP and the
Commission;
5) file appropriate criminal cases against PNP members before the court as evidence
warrants and assists in the prosecution of the case;
6) provide assistance to the Office of the Ombudsman in cases involving the personnel
of the PNP;
The IAS shall also conduct, motu propio (on its own initiative), automatic
investigation of the following cases:
1) incidents where a police personnel discharges a firearm;
2) incidents where death, serious physical injury, or any violation of human rights
occurred in the conduct of a police operation;
3) incidents where evidence was compromised, tampered with, obliterated, or lost
while in the custody of police personnel;
4) incidents where a suspect in the custody of the police was seriously injured; and
5) incidents where the established rules of engagement have been violated.
The IAS shall recommend promotion of the members of the PNP or the assignment
of PNP personnel to any key position.
ORGANIZATION OF IAS
- headed by the INSPECTOR GENERAL who is a CIVILIAN and appointed by the
President upon the recommendation of the Director General (Chief, PNP)
- the Inspector General shall be assisted by a Deputy Inspector General
- there shall be national, regional and provincial offices
- the national office shall be headed by the Inspector General, the regional offices by a
Director, and the provincial offices by a Superintendent
ENTRY QUALIFICATIONS TO IAS
1) entry shall be voluntary
2) PNP personnel with at least five (5) years experience in law enforcement
3) with no derogatory service record
4) members of the bar may enter the service laterally
CAREER DEVELOPMENT AND INCENTIVES
- IAS personnel shall be granted occupational specialty pay which shall not exceed
FIFTY PERCENT (50%) of his base pay
- IAS personnel shall also have priorities in the quota allocation for training and
education
DISCIPLINARY RECOMMENDATIONS OF THE IAS
- any PNP personnel found guilty of any of the cases mentioned and any immediate
superior found negligent shall be recommended automatically for dismissal or
demotion
- recommendation by the IAS, once final, cannot be revised, set-aside or unduly delayed
without just cause
- decisions rendered by the provincial inspectors shall be forwarded to the regional office
for review within ten (10) days
- decisions of the regional office may be appealed to the national office
- decisions rendered by the national IAS shall be appealed to the National
Appellate Board
PEOPLE’S LAW ENFORCEMENT BOARD (PLEB)
- a body created pursuant to RA 6975
- one of the disciplinary authorities of the PNP authorized to handle and investigate
citizen’s complaint
- the central receiving entity for any citizen’s complaint against the PNP members
- shall be created by the sangguniang panlungssod/bayan in every city and municipality
as may be necessary
- there shall be at least one (1) PLEB for every five hundred (500) city or municipal
police personnel - membership in the PLEB is a civic duty
COMPOSITION OF PLEB
- PLEB shall be composed of five (5) members who shall be as follows:
any member of the sangguniang panlungsod/bayan any barangay
chairman of the locality concerned three other members to be chosen
by the local peace and order council from among the members of the
community
- for the three other members, the following conditions must be met:
one must be a woman
one must be a lawyer, or a college graduate, or the principal of an

elementary school in the locality - the CHAIRMAN of the PLEB shall be elected
from among its members
- the term of office of the members of the PLEB is THREE (3) YEARS
PROCEDURE IN THE PLEB
- the procedure shall be summary in nature, conducted in accordance with due process
but without strict regard to technical rules of evidence
- cases handled by PLEB shall be decided by majority votes of its members
- each case shall be decided within SIXTY (60) DAYS from the time it has been
filed with the PLEB - the decision of the PLEB shall become final and executory,
except for decisions involving demotion or dismissal from the service
- decisions involving demotion or dismissal from the service may be appealed with the
REGIONAL APPELLATE BOARD within TEN (10) DAYS from receipt of the copy
of the decision
ADMINISTRATIVE DISCIPLINARY MACHINERIES IN THE PNP A)
CITIZEN’S COMPLAINTS
- pertains to any complaint initiated by a private citizen or his duly authorized
representative on account of an injury, damage or disturbance sustained due to an
irregular or illegal act committed by a member of the PNP
DISCIPLINARY AUTHORITIES FOR CITIZEN’S COMPLAINTS
1) CHIEF OF POLICE
- where the offense is punishable by withholding of privileges, restriction to specified
limits, suspension or forfeiture of salary, or any combination thereof, for a period
not exceeding FIFTEEN (15) DAYS
2) CITY/MUNICIPAL MAYORS
not less than SIXTEEN but not exceeding THIRTY (30) DAYS
3) PEOPLE’S LAW ENFORCEMENT BOARD (PLEB)
exceeding THIRTY (30) DAYS, or by DISMISSAL
B) BREACH OF INTERNAL DISCIPLINE

- refers to any offense committed by a member of the PNP involving and affecting order
and discipline within the police organization
MINOR OFFENSE
- shall refer to an act or omission not involving moral turpitude but affecting the internal
discipline of the PNP, and shall include but not be limited to:
a) simple misconduct or negligence
b) insubordination
c) frequent absences or tardiness
d) habitual drunkenness
e) gambling prohibited by law
DISCIPLINARY AUTHORITIES FOR BREACH OF INTERNAL DISCIPLINE
1) CHIEF OF POLICE
- may impose the administrative punishment of admonition or reprimand; restriction to
specified limits; withholding of privileges; forfeiture of salary or suspension; or any
combination of the foregoing for a period NOT EXCEEDING FIFTEEN (15) DAYS
2) PROVINCIAL DIRECTORS
specified limits; withholding of privileges; forfeiture of salary or suspension; or any
combination of the foregoing for a period NOT EXCEEDING THIRTY (30) DAYS
3) REGIONAL DIRECTORS
specified limits; withholding of privileges; forfeiture of salary or suspension;
demotion; or any combination of the foregoing for a period NOT EXCEEDING
SIXTY (60) DAYS
4) CHIEF OF THE PNP
- shall have the power to impose the disciplinary punishment of dismissal from the
service; suspension or forfeiture of salary; demotion; or any combination of the
foregoing for a period NOT EXCEEDING ONE HUNDRED EIGHTY (180) DAYS
SUMMARY DISMISSAL POWERS
- the NAPOLCOM, PNP Chief and Regional Directors have summary dismissal powers
in any of the following cases:
1) when the charge is serious and the evidence of guilt is strong

2) when the respondent is a recidivist or has been repeatedly charged and there
are reasonable grounds to believe that he is guilty of the charges; and
3) when the respondent is guilty of a serious offense involving conduct
unbecoming of a police officer
DISCIPLINARY APPELATE BOARDS
- formal administrative disciplinary appellate machinery of the National Police
Commission
- tasked to hear cases on appeal from the different disciplinary authorities in the PNP
- composed of the following:
1) NATIONAL APPELLATE BOARD
o shall decide cases on appeal from decisions rendered by the PNP Chief and
the National Internal Affairs Service
o shall be composed of the four (4) regular commissioners and shall be chaired
by the executive officer
2) REGIONAL APPELLATE BOARD
o shall decide cases on appeal from decisions rendered by the Regional
Director, Provincial Director, Chief of Police, the city or municipal mayor
and the PLEB
o there shall be at least one (1) regional appellate board per administrative
region
D. BUREAU OF FIRE PROTECTION (BFP)
- created by virtue of RA 6975
- initially composed of the officers and uniformed members of the fire service of the
former Integrated National Police
POWERS AND FUNCTIONS OF THE BFP
1) shall be responsible for the prevention and suppression of all destructive fires on
buildings, houses and other structures, forests, land transportation vehicles and
equipment, ships or vessels docked at piers or wharves or anchored in major
seaports, petroleum industry installations, plane crashes and other similar
incidents
2) shall be responsible for the enforcement of the Fire Code of the Philippines and
other similar laws 3) shall have the power to investigate all causes of
fires, and if necessary, file the proper complaints with the city or provincial
prosecutor who has jurisdiction over the case
0RGANIZATION AND COMPOSITION
- shall be headed by a CHIEF, with the rank of DIRECTOR, to be assisted by a
DEPUTY CHIEF with the rank of CHIEF SUPERINTENDENT
- shall be composed of provincial offices, district offices and city or municipal fire
stations
- at the provincial level, there shall be an OFFICE OF THE PROVINCIAL FIRE
MARSHALL
- in case of large provinces, there shall be DISTRICT OFFICES to be headed by a
DISTRICT FIRE MARSHALL - at the city or municipal level, there shall be a
FIRE STATION each headed by a CITY OR MUNICIPAL FIRE MARSHALL
RANK CLASSIFICATION
DIRECTOR
CHIEF SUPERINTENDENT
SENIOR SUPERINTENDENT
SUPERINTENDENT
CHIEF INSPECTOR
SENIOR INSPECTOR
INSP
SENIOR FIRE OFFICER 4
FIRE OFFICER 3
FIRE OFFICER 2
FIRE OFFICER 1
E. BUREAU OF JAIL MANAGEMENT AND PENOLOGY (BJMP) - created
by virtue of RA 6975
- initially composed by the officers and uniformed members of the former Jail Management
and Penology Service
POWERS AND FUNCTIONS OF THE BJMP
- shall exercise supervision and control over all city and municipal jails; however, the
provincial jails shall be supervised and controlled by the provincial governor within
his jurisdiction
ORGANIZATION AND COMPOSITION
- shall be headed by a CHIEF with the rank of DIRECTOR, to be assisted by a DEPUTY
CHIEF with the rank of CHIEF SUPERINTENDENT
- shall be composed of city and municipal jails each headed by a city or
municipal jail warden
RANK CLASSIFICATION
DIRECTOR
CHIEF SUPERINTENDENT
SENIOR SUPERINTENDENT
SUPERINTENDENT
CHIEF INSPECTOR
SENIOR INSPECTOR
INSP
SENIOR JAIL OFFICER 4
JAIL OFFICER 3
JAIL OFFICER 2
JAIL OFFICER 1
RA 9263 - Bureau of Fire Protection and Bureau of Jail Management and
Penology Professionalization Act of 2004 - approved on 10 March 2004
- provided for the professionalization of the BFP and BJMP
RA 9592 – amendatory law to RA 9263
- approved on 8 May 2009
- amended the provision on the minimum educational qualification
F. PHILIPPINE PUBLIC SAFETY COLLEGE (PPSC)

- created by virtue of RA 6975
FUNCTION OF THE PPSC
- shall be the premier educational institution for the training, human resource development
and continuing education of all personnel of the PNP, BFP and BJMP
ORGANIZATION AND COMPOSITION
- shall be under the direct supervision of a Board of Trustees composed of the
Secretary of the DILG and the three (3) bureau heads (PNP, BFP and BJMP)
- shall consist of the Philippine National Police Academy, the National Police College, the
Philippine
National Training Institute and other training centers as may be created
POWERS AND FUNCTIONS
1) formulate and implement training programs for the personnel of the Department;
2) establish and maintain adequate physical training facilities;
3) develop and implement research and development to support educational
training programs;
4) conduct an assessment of the training needs of the bureaus;
5) perform such other related functions as may be prescribed by the Secretary
G. PHILIPPINE NATIONAL POLICE ACADEMY (PNPA) - created pursuant to Section
13 of Presidential Decree No 1184
- a primary component of the Philippine Public Safety College (PPSC)
- the premier educational institution for future officers of the Philippine National Police
(PNP), Bureau of Fire Protection (BFP) and Bureau of Jail Management and Penology
(BJMP)
- upon completion of training, graduates will be conferred the degree of Bachelor of Science
in Public Safety (BSPS) and appointed as Police/Fire/Jail Inspector
VI. POLICE PLANNING
PLAN
- an organized schedule or sequence by methodical activities intended to attain a goal or
objectives for the accomplishments of mission or assignment
- a method or way of doing something in order to attain objectives and provides
answers to the 5Ws and 1H
PLANNING
- the determination in advance of how the objectives of the organization will be attained;
involves the determination of a course of action to take in performing a particular
function or activity
- the process of developing methods or procedures, or an arrangement of parts intended
to facilitate the accomplishment of a definite objective
- a management function concerned with visualizing future situation, making estimates
concerning them, identifying issues, needs and potential danger points, analyzing
and evaluating the alternative ways and means of reaching desired goals according
to a certain schedule, estimating the necessary funds and resources to do the work
and initiating action in time to prepare what may be needed to cope with changing
conditions and contingent events
- the process of deciding in advance what is to be done and how it is to be done
POLICE PLANNING
- an attempt by police administrators in trying to allocate anticipated resources to meet
anticipated service demands
- the systematic and orderly determination of facts and events as basis for policy formulation
and decision making affecting law enforcement management
OPERATIONAL PLANNING
- the use of a rational design or pattern for all departmental undertakings rather than relying on
chance in an operational environment
- the preparation and development of procedures and techniques in accomplishing each of the
primary tasks and functions of an organization
POLICE OPERATIONAL PLANNING
- the act of determining policies and guidelines for police activities and operations and providing
controls and safeguards for such activities and operations in the department
- involves strategies or tactics, procedures, policies or guidelines
STRATEGY
- a broad design or method; or a plan to attain a stated goal or objectives
TACTICS
- are specific design, method or course of action to attain a particular objective in consonance
with strategy
PROCEDURES
- are sequences of activities to reach a point or to attain what is desired
POLICY
- a course of action which could be a program of actions adopted by an individual, group,
organization or government, or the set of principles on which they are based
GUIDELINES IN PLANNING
1) WHAT TO DO – mission/objective
2) WHY – reason/philosophy
3) WHEN – date/time
4) WHERE – place
5) WHO – people involved
6) HOW – strategy/methods
CHARACTERISTICS OF A GOOD PLAN
1) with clearly defined goals or objectives Page 36 of 40
2) simplicity, directness and clarity
3) flexibility
4) possibility of attainment
5) must provide standards of operation
6) economy in terms of resources needed for implementation
CLASSIFICATION OF POLICE PLANS
1) According to Coverage:
a) Local Plans – within police precincts, sub stations and stations
b) Regional Plans
c) National Plans
2) According to Time:
a) Strategic or Long Range Plan
- relates to plans which are strategic or long range in application
b) Intermediate or Medium Range Plan (MASTER PLANS) - relates to plans
which determine quantity and quality efforts and accomplishments
- example is the 6 Master Plans of the PNP c) Operational or Short Range
Plan (OPLANS) - refers to the production of plans which determine
the schedule of special activity and are applicable from one week or
less than a year duration
- plans that address immediate need which are specific and how it can be
accomplished on time with available allocated resources
TYPES OF PLANS
1) PROCEDURAL PLAN OR POLICY PLANS
- deal with procedures that have been outlined and officially adopted by all members of
the unit under specified circumstances
- guidelines for actions to be taken
- include all STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURES (SOP)
POLICY
- general plan of action that serves as a guide in the operation of the organization or
unit
- codes of procedures
EXAMPLES OF PROCEDURAL PLANS/POLICY PLANS
a) FIELD PROCEDURES
- procedures intended to be used in all situations of all kinds shall be outlined as guide to
officers and men in the field, such as: procedures that relate to reporting, to
raids, arrests, stopping suspicious persons, receiving complaints, investigation,
etc
b) HEADQUARTERS PROCEDURES
- include the procedures to be followed in the headquarters, usually reflected in the
duty manual
c) STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURES (SOP)
- procedures intended for specific operations to ensure uniformity of action
2) OPERATIONAL PLANS
- often called work plan
- the work program of the field units
- describe specific actions to be taken
- the work to be done is estimated, manpower and equipment is allocated, proper
objectives are defined and methods of accomplishment are developed
- statistical analysis is widely used
3) TACTICAL PLANS
- plans that concern methods of action to be taken at a designated location and
under specific circumstances - generally emergency type plans that can be put
into
effect on the sudden occurrence of a condition requiring their use
- planning for emergencies of a specific nature at known locations
- developed for specific situations as they arise - examples are: planning for
major accidents; calamities or disasters; special events; hostage-taking
situations, etc
4) ADMINISTRATIVE or MANAGEMENT PLANS
- those plans that relate to staffing, equipping, supplying and organizing
- include the structuring of functions, authority and responsibilities, the allocation of
resources, personnel management, budgeting and other concerns administrative in
nature
- examples are: assignment and training of personnel; recruitment;
equipment and supply procedures, etc
5) EXTRA-DEPARTMENTAL PLANS
- those which require actions or assistance from persons or agencies outside of the
department
- involve coordination with other agencies
- examples are: exchange of information on wanted persons, known drug
syndicates, known organized crime groups, stolen vehicles, etc
SYPNOTIC PLANNING
- also called rational-comprehensive approach - the dominant
tradition in planning
- especially appropriate for police agencies as it is based on the problem-oriented
approach of planning - relies heavily on the problem identification and analysis
phase of the planning process and can assist police administrators in formulating
goals and priorities in terms that are focused on specific problems and solutions
that often confront law enforcers
- consists of ELEVEN PROGRESSIVE STEPS, and each step is designed to provide
the police manager with a logical course of action:
1) PREPARE FOR PLANNING

a) what actions are necessary?
b) when must they take place?
c) who is to be involved in each action and for how long?
d) how will the various actions interlock with one another?
2) DESCRIBE THE PRESENT SITUATION
a) evaluate the present situation: what is the present situation?
b) compare the present situation to the ideal situation: what is the ideal situation?
3) DEVELOP PROJECTIONS
a) what are the desired outcomes?
b) what are the desired results?
4) CONSIDER ALTERNATIVE FUTURE STATE
a) what will possibly happen in the future? b) what are the possible
changes that can happen in the future?
5) IDENTIFY AND ANALYZE PROBLEMS
a) what is the problem?
b) what are the areas that need attention? c) what are the causes
of the problem?
d) how serious is the problem?
6) SET GOALS
a) what are the objectives?
7) IDENTIFY ALTERNATIVE COURSES OF ACTIONS a) what are the possible
policies, possible strategies or possible specific actions
that are aimed at eliminating the problem? b) what are the different possible
procedures to be followed?
8) SELECT PREFERRED ALTERNATIVES
a) what are the selected policies, strategies and specific actions to be followed and
undertaken?
b) what are the established procedures to be followed?
9) PLANS FOR IMPLEMENTATION
a) how are the policies, strategies and
specific courses of actions going to be
implemented or executed?
b) who are the persons responsible for the implementation?
10) IMPLEMENT PLANS
- actual execution of the plans that fulfill the objectives or goals
11) MONITOR AND EVALUATE PROGRESS
- the final step of the synoptic planning - important step to determine if
the plan was a success or not
- necessary in order to compare the goals with the results
a) were the objectives or goals achieved? b) were the problems
resolved?
c) what were the strengths and the weaknesses of the plans?
- end –

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POLICE ORGANIZATION AND ADMINISTRATION

WITH POLICE PLANNING

- examples are training, communication, maintenance, records management,

ORGANIC UNITS IN A POLICE ORGANIZATION

prevention nor peacekeeping. Rather, it was created as an extension of the colonial

RA 8551 – otherwise known as the Philippine National Police Reform and

b) existing bureaus and offices of the DLG

strengthen the administrative, technical and fiscal capabilities of local government

1. Develop policies and promulgate a police manual prescribing rules and

- holders of a master’s degree in public administration, sociology, criminology, criminal

POLICE REGIONAL OFFICES

PROVINCIAL POLICE OFFICES

- shall be responsible for the design, implementation and maintenance of a

SENIOR POLICE OFFICER 2 STAFF SERGEANT SENIOR POLICE

b) A person of good moral conduct;

The National Police Commission shall administer the entrance and

- dentists, optometrists, nurses, engineers, graduates of forensic sciences, graduates of

2. Completion of appropriate training/schooling, such as: Masteral Degree - Chief

3) conduct summary hearings on PNP members facing administrative charges;

one must be a lawyer, or a college graduate, or the principal of an

B) BREACH OF INTERNAL DISCIPLINE

1) when the charge is serious and the evidence of guilt is strong

F. PHILIPPINE PUBLIC SAFETY COLLEGE (PPSC)

1) PREPARE FOR PLANNING

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