POLICE ORGANIZATION AND ADMINISTRATION (Inter- Agency Approach)

LEAPAD040

Introduction
The history of policing and its forms have existed several thousand years, with religious,
political, or military police wielding power as early as the time of Babylon. Early police were
typically either military or semi-military organizations that evolved from the personal
bodyguards of rulers and warlords or from community organizations in which citizens
banded together from mutual protection. The duties of the military type of police consisted
of keeping the public order and enforcing the religious or political mandates of those in
power.
Rome, under Emperor Augustus, had one of the earliest forms of organized policing in 7
B.C.. He divided Rome into 14 regions, each into vicus (precincts) and commanded by
vicomagistri, responsible for the fire protection, administrative and religious duties.
Augustus, created three groups of police, part of army of the state, and placed under the
command of urban prefect. Later on, this group of policemen that were called emperor’s
own bodyguard (the Praetorian Guard).
As the city and town grew it calls upon the creation of special body of men whose duty is
to enforcement of laws within their territory. It was at this moment of history started the
Policing method, that we have in this modern period.

The word Police comes from the Greek word POLITEIA, which means “a government of a city”,
the Romans borrowed the word modifying it into POLITIA, adopting its meaning. It was
later borrowed by the French and changed it into POLICE, means a person who enforces
the law.
POLICE (broadest sense) – internal organization or regulation of a State, the control and
regulation of a community through the exercise of the Constitutional power of government.

It denotes the power of the government which concerns with the maintenance of tranquility,
public order, peace, security of persons and property, and the protection of health and
morale.
POLICE (restricted sense)- body of armed men, which as an institution, can exercise its duties by
armed physical forces in the preservation of peace and order, detection of crime and the
execution of laws.
SCOPE
1. Understanding the principles underlying the police organization & management, R.A.
6975, R.A. 8551, and R.A. 9708 together with previous laws and issuances relating to.
2. Organizational structure and administration of the PNP, BFP and BJMP.
3. Direction, supervision, coordination, and control of all local police forces as a
homogenous body under a single command.

POLICE ADMINISTRATION AS A SYSTEM AND A PROCESS:

1. Administrative System – the integration of men, money, methods, and machines.
Example: CJS, Police System & Sub-system
2. Administrative Processes – the integration of numerous processes. It is the sequence of
operations or activities performed within a bureaucracy toward the achievement of
some objective.
Example: Apprehension process, booking process

Organizational Concepts and Principles

Theory of Organization by Luther Gullick

1. Planning – working in a broad outline the things that need to be done and the
methods for doing them to accomplish the purpose set for the organization. In other
words, it is the act of knowing what to do and how to do it.
2. Organizing – the establishment of formal structure of authority, through which work
subdivisions are arranged, defined, and coordinated for the defined objective.
3. Staffing – the whole personnel function of bringing in and training the staff and
maintaining favorable conditions of work. It is the filling and keeping filled positions
in the organizational structure.
4. Directing – the continuous task of making decisions and embodying them in a
specific and general orders and instructions and serving as the leader of the
organizations.
5. Coordinating – all important duty of interrelating the various parts of the work. It is
the manner of integrating the different elements within or outside the organization
into an efficient and harmonious relationship, thus making them work together or fit
with each other.
 6. Reporting – keeping those to whom the executive is responsible, informed as to
what is going on, which thus includes keeping himself and his subordinates informed
through records, research, and inspection.
7. Budgeting – all that goes with budgeting in the form of fiscal planning, accounting,
and control. It is the management of income and expenditures within the
organization.
POLICE ORGANIZATION
It is the arrangement and utilization of the total resources of personnel and materials in
such a way as to make easier and to expedite the attainment of specific objective in an efficient,
effective, economical, and harmonious manner.
ADMINISTRATION
Is defined as the collective effort of two or more people working together to accomplish
a common task and achieve prescribed goals.
It is the transformation of policies into action – “that is getting the job done”.
What Is Law Enforcement?
Is any system by which some members of government act in an organized manner to
enforce the law by discovering, deterring, rehabilitating, or punishing people who violate the
rules and norms governing that society.
It is a task typically carried out by the police, or another law enforcement or agency.
What is Law enforcement Administration?
Refer to administering or managing the enforcement of law and order to ensure its
observance or obedience for the common good.
What is Enforcement Agency?
Refers to a government agency that is responsible for the enforcement of the laws. It
also has the power to implement law for the purpose of public safety, law and order, and
prevention of crime.
Bases of Law Enforcement:
1. Crime
2. Law and Order
3. Criminal Law
4. Criminal Justice
(Note: Without the four elements, there would be no need to perform for law enforcement
activities or operations)
Management Functions:
a. Planning – set goals and objectives, SMART (Specific, Measureable, Achievable, Realistic
and Timely)
b. Organizing – Structuring, Staffing
c. Leading/Directing – leadership
d. Controlling – monitoring, evaluation

ORGANIZATIONAL CONCEPTS AND PRINCIPLES ORGANIZATION DEFINED

 A group of persons working together for a common goal or objectives; a form of human
association for the attainment of a goal or objective.
 The process of identifying and grouping the work to be performed, defining and
delegating responsibility and authority; and establishing relationships for the purpose of
enabling people to work effectively.
 Organization is normally structured on a superior-subordinate relationship. Therefore,
authority is a universal element of all organizations. Leadership is a personal quality
which exhorts willing collaboration towards a common goal.

 Police Organization – it is a group of trained personnel in the field of public safety

administration engaged in the achievement of goals and objectives that promotes the
 maintenance of peace and order, protection of life and property, enforcement of the
laws and prevention of crimes.
 Administration – it is an organizational process concerned with the implementation of
objectives and plans and internal operating efficiency that connotes bureaucratic
structure and behavior, relatively routine decision-making, and maintenance of the
internal order.
 Police Administration – it is the process involved in ensuring strict compliance, proper
obedience of laws and related statutes that focuses on the policing process or how law
enforcement agencies are organized and managed to achieve the goals of law
enforcement most effectively and productively.
Organic Units in a Police Organization
 Operational Units – those that perform primary or line functions like patrol, traffic,
investigation, and vice control.
 Administrative Units – those that perform the administrative functions like personnel,
finance, planning and training.
 Service Units – those that perform auxiliary functions such as communications and
records management.
FUNCTIONAL UNITS
 Bureau – it is the largest organic unit within a large department. The PNP is a bureau
under the Department of Interior and Local Government (DILG).
 Division – it is the primary subdivision of a bureau.
 Section – it is the functional unit within a particular division. This is necessary for
specialization.
 Unit – it is a functional group within a section where further specialization is needed.

Principles of Organization:
1. Delegation of Authority and Responsibility- is the downward transfer of authority from a
manager to a subordinate.
2. Work Specialization – a concept based on the fundamental principle that employees can
work more efficiently if they are allowed to specialize.
3. Chain of Command – is an unbroken line of authority that links all persons in an
organization and defines who reports to whom.
4. Unity of Command – this principle states that an employee should have one and only
one supervisor to whom he/she is directly responsible.
Authority – is the formal and legitimate right of a manager to make decisions, issue orders,
and allocate resources to achieve organizationally desired outcomes.
5. Decentralization/Coordination of Efforts – management is consciously attempts to
spread authority to the lower organization levels.
6. Unity of Command – a group of police officers should only be under the control of one
superior or ranking officer.
7. Span of Control – a senior police officer should be provided with men not more than
what he/she can effectively manage or direct.
8. Division of Work – an apportioning of works or tasks among the various units or groups
according to some logical plan.
9. Command Responsibility – it means the commander is directly responsible for any act or
omission of his subordinates in relation to the performance of their official duties.

Characteristics of Police Administration

1. Impartial and Fair – in the dispensation and quality of its services. Uniform treatment.
2. Efficient – coordination of efforts, minimizing of costs.
3. Apolitical – policies of the government maybe political, but the execution is
administrative.
4. Public-service oriented – execution of public policies. It exists to serve the public.
5. Publicly funded – funds appropriated by law.
Operative functions
1. Procurement – obtaining the proper kind and number of personnel.
1. Selection - it is the short listing of the right candidates with necessary qualifications
and skill to fill the vacancies in an organization.
2. Recruitment - is the over process of identifying, attracting, screening, shortlisting
and interviewing suitable candidates for a job within the organization.
3. Hiring – process of finding, selecting and hiring new employees to a company.
4. Placement – helping a client fill one of its open positions through the successful
matching of the job’s requirements.
5. Orientation – introduction of new hire to new technologies, procedures and policies
at the workplace.
a. Development
1. Training to increase the skill
2. Training needs analysis

Organizational Structure:
It is defined as a mechanical means of depicting by an arrangement of symbols, the
relationship which exists between individuals, groups and functions within the organization.
Types of Organizational Structures

1. Line type – the oldest and the simplest type of organizational structure.

2. Functional type - The responsibilities are divided among officers who are responsible to
the Commander above.

3. Line and Staff - It is so because its structure is the combination of the line and staff or
functional organization.
Principles of Responsibility:
1. Final responsibility must not be divided.
2. Responsibility must be accepted fully, or nor at all.
3. Responsibility may only be delegated, not relinquished.
4. Responsibility should always be accompanied with commensurate authority.
5. The person assumes responsibility should know what is expected and realize that
he/she alone will be responsible for the result.
6. The expected result should determine the conditions of delegated responsibility.
7. The method of carrying task should be left to the person who assumes the
responsibility.
8. No authority should be assuming in areas in which the supervisor is not responsible.
Each person should stick to his own job.
FUNDAMENTAL THEORIES OF POLICE SERVICE

CONTINENTAL THEORY- policemen are servants of the higher authorities, and the people have
little or no share at all in their duties, nor any direct connection with them. It is practice in
France, Italy, Spain with centralized government pattern.
HOME RULE THEORY- policemen are servants of the community, who depend for the
effectiveness of their functions upon the express wishes of the people. Policemen are civil
employees whose duty is preservation of public peace and security. Practiced in England
and U.S.A. where government pattern is decentralized.
CONCEPTS OF POLICE SERVICE:
1. Old Concept- police is looked upon as repressive machinery. This means placing more people
in jail rather than keeping them out. Punishment is the only crime control, and the
yardstick of police efficiency is more on arrest.
2. Modern Concept – it considers police as an organ of crime prevention. Its activities includes
certain aspects of social services, and has for its objectives the welfare of the individual as
well as that of society. The yardstick of police efficiency is the absence of crime.
POLICE OBJECTIVES:
1. To make sure there is an order in the community.
2. To protect the lives and limbs of every member of the community.
3. To protect the properties of the citizenry; and
4. To render appropriate assistance to other government office concerned.
BASIC POLICE FUNCTIONS:
1. Crime Prevention – it is directed at the elimination or reduction of the desire to commit crime.
2. Crime Control – refers to the control or neutralization of criminal activity
3. Regulations or Control of Non- Criminal Conduct – done by enforcing rules and regulations
and ordinances all aimed at achieving a desired uniform standard of activity among members of
society.
THREE (3) GENERAL CATEGORIES OF POLICE ACTIVITIES

1. Primary, Line or Operation Police functions – refers to activities such as patrol work, traffic
control/management, juvenile and vice control.
2. Secondary, Auxiliary or Service Functions – it takes charge of transportation, communication,
property supply, records and laboratory, jail or custody maintenance and identification. It
supports the primary task in the accomplishment of police objectives.
3. Administrative or Managerial Functions – It Includes personnel, intelligence, inspection,
planning activities, budgeting, training and public relations. It assists both the primary and
secondary police tasks in attainment of police objectives.

HISTORY OF POLICING SYSTEM

LAW ENFORCEMENT IN ENGLAND

Kin Police (Policing)- after the kingdom of England was formed in 927 citizens were responsible
for law enforcement in their communities; people were responsible for watching out their
relatives or kin which was known to the English as Kin Police.

Rome (5th Century B.C.) – this century marked Rome for the creation of the first specialized
investigative unit which was named as Questors or Trackers or Murderers.

Athens (6th Century B.C.) – this era adapted an unpaid magistrate (judge) to make decisions to
the cases presented to them. This magistrate was only appointed by the citizens.

Anglo-Saxons Period (Reign of Alfred the Great 9th Century)

In the later part of the 9th century, Alfred the Great established the Mutual Pledge
(social control) which is organized for the security of the country. Every male over 12 years of
age, unless exempted of his social status was accountable for maintaining peace and
answerable for his neighbor’s behavior. When he witnesses an offense committed, it is his duty
to raise the hue and cry and give chase with other males after the culprit. This system is
organized into several levels such as the following:

1. Ten Tithing – this is done by grouping a hundred person into one under the charge of a
High Constable. Hue and Cry is employed. The constable who is considered the first
form of English Police that deals with more serious breaches of the law.
2. Tithing – performed by grouping ten persons together to protect one another and to
assume responsibility for the acts of the group’s members. The one who heads the
group is called Chief.
3. One Hundred Tithings – it would be organized into a shire (country) and placed under
the authority of a shire reeve (sheriff), appointed by the king. This is supervised by
constables (English first police officers).

Roman Emperor Augustus (Rome 27 BC to 14 AD) he picked out special highly qualified
members of the military to form the Praetorian Guard, the Praefectus Urbi, and the Vigiles of
Rome.
1. Praetorian Guard – this guard is the first police officer in Rome with job of protecting the
Palace of Rome and the emperor.
2. Praefectus Urbi – its function is to protect the city exercising both executive and judicial
power.
3. Vigiles of Rome – they began as fire fighters, granted with law enforcement
responsibilities and patrolled Rome’s streets day and night. They are considered as a
 civil police force designed to protect the citizens. Vigiles were very brutal and it is where
the word “Vigilante” came from.
Tun Policing System- under the system all male residents are required to guard the town to
preserve peace and order, protect life and property from harm or disturbance. Forerunner
of the word TOWN.
Hue and Cry- a village law, system of apprehending criminals which the goes to the center of the
street and shouts, calling all males to assemble.
Royal Judge- appointed to conduct criminal investigation, impose punishment that fits the
crime.
Trial by Ordeal- a system of determining guilt and innocence in ancient times, based on painful
test and skills.
Norman Period (1066- 1285)
Shire and Rieve System- during the time of king William Norman, England was divided into 55
military districts. Each military district is called Shire, and Rieve as the ruler, who makes
the law, pass judgment and impose punishment.
A Constable was appointed to assist the Rieve in its duties.
Travelling Judge- a person responsible for passing judgment taken from abuses committed by the Rieves

Leges Henri- during the time England is ruled by King Henry I, the following were established:
a. offenses were considered as being committed against the King and Individuals.
b. Police were regarded as Public Officials.
c. Police and citizens were given broad power to arrest; and
d. a Grand Jury was created to inquire on the facts of the case.

The Magna Carta- laws enacted upon the demand of the Knights of the Round Table, which the King
compelled to sign. Examples are the following:

1. No freeman shall be taken or imprisoned, disposed or outlawed except by legal judgment of his
peers.
2. No person should be tried for murder unless there is the body of the victim; and
3. The establishment of the National and Local government and Legislations.

The Westminster Period (1285-1500)

1. The Night Watchman and Ward – also known as the Bellman or Charlies required all men
to serve on the night watch with three major duties:
a. patrolling the streets from dusk to dawn to ensure that all local people were indoors
and quiet and that no strangers were roaming about.
b. Performing duties such as lighting streetlamps, clearing garbage from the streets, and
putting out fires.
c. Enforcing the criminal law.
(Ward- are semiformal guards required to render policing during daytime).

Note: the members of the Watch and Ward were typically the dregs of the society, people who today
would be called indigent.

2. the Statute of 1295- it prescribes the closing of the gates of London at sundown. Beginning of the
Curfew System.
3. Justice of the Peace- a position in the government that gives a person the power to arrest, pursue and
impose imprisonment.
4. the Star Chamber Court- a special court that tried offenses against the state.
The Modern Policing System (1829)
Three names are generally associated with the development of the first modern police
forces in England, namely:
1. Henry Fielding
2. Patrick Colquhoun
3. Sir Robert Peel
Henry Fielding – he founded or created the Bow Street Runners (Thief Takers) and became the Chief
Magistrate assisted by his half-brother John Fielding, who later succeeded Henry as Chief
Magistrate.

In 1829, Sir Robert Peel, introduced the Metropolitan Police Act, which was passed by the
Parliament of England, a milestone in England's police force. For his contributions to the
modernization of the police force, he was regarded as the Father of Modern Policing
System.
Peel's Concept of Policing:
1. The police should be organized along military lines.
2. The police should be screened and trained.
3. Hired on a probationary basis;
4. Deployed by time and area;
5. Accessible to the people; and
6. Record keeping is essential

Principles of Law Enforcement Advocated by Sir Robert Peel:

1. Prevention of crime is the basic mission of the police.
2. Police must have the full respect of the citizenry.
3. A citizen respect for law develops his respect for the police.
4. Cooperation of the public decreases as the use of force increases.
5. Police must render impartial enforcement of the law.
6. Physical force is used only as a last resort.
7. The police are the public and the public are the police.
8. The police represent the law.
9. The absence of crime and disorder is the test for police efficiency.

Historical Background of the Philippine Police System:

the Barangay Period- prior to Spain colonization, our country was divided into political units
called Barangay. Each barangay was headed by a Headman or Datu,whose duty aside
from exercising all powers – executive, legislative and judicial was to maintain peace and
order within his jurisdiction. He designates a chief warrior together with some
subordinates were charged to enforce the decrees, customs and traditions, practices and
usages. The chief warrior is like the chief of police.
Spanish Regime- police functions were consists of the following:
a. the suppression of brigandage by patrolling unpacified areas.
b. detection of local and petty uprisings by spying upon the work and movements of the people; and
c. enforcement of tax collection including church revenues.

Carabineros de Seguridad Publica(1712)- armed with carbines, this police body was organized in
carrying out the regulation of the department of state, it became police like during its
reorganization to Cuerpo de Seguridad Publica( Corps of Carabineros for Public Security)
its duty were watching and guarding Customs houses, rivers, seacoasts, tobacco
warehouses and prevention of entry of contraband. It develops into a police for land and
sea.
The Cuadrilleros(1836)-body of police organized in each town during the spanish regime. It
provides that five (5) percent of the able-bodied male inhabitants of each province was to
be enlisted in this organization for three (3) years.
The Guardia Civil (1852)-it was created partially relieve the colonial army troops of their work in
policing the towns. As a national police body it was instrumental in checking highway
robbery to certain extent.
The Revolutionary Period- when the Filipinos revolted against the Spanish rule, the Insurrectos
emerged to exercise police authority over areas within their jurisdiction.
The American Military Occupation- when Manila was surrendered to the Americans, the city
was placed under the military rule, all powers were vested to the Military Governor and
his representatives.
To restore peace and order, General Order no. 43, on August 8, 1899, was issued, vesting in the
Lieutenant of Police the powers to arrest or order the arrest of person, violating
ordinances or those accused of the crime. The Lieutenant of Police is equal to police
station commanders at present. Upon termination of the Filipino American war, the
Philippine Commission was established, to further pacify the provinces. The Commission
passed Act no. 175 on July 18, 1901, entitled, “An Act Providing for the Organization and
Government of Insular Constabulary and for Inspection of the Municipal Police”, and thus
the Philippine Constabulary was born; the local police force continued to exist, under
“inspection” of the Insular Constabulary.
The Philippine Constabulary was formally inaugurated, with Lt. Col. Henry T. Allen as its first
chief. The first Filipino chief was Brig. General Rafael Crame, in December 1917.
The National Police Commission- organized on September 12, 1966, by virtue of Republic Act no.
4864, and approved on September 8, 1966. The act created the POLCOM as an advisory
body to the President on matters affecting police administration. Later, in accordance with
the Government Reorganization Plan, the Commission was designated the National Police
Commission.

The Integration of the Phil. Constabulary and Local Police:

Sec. 12, Art. XV of the 1973, Constitution provided that “The State shall establish and maintain
an Integrated National Police force whose organization and operation shall be provided
by law,”
Presidential Decrees no. 421, 482, 531 and 641 provided for the integration of Municipal/City
police and Fire departments and Jails into law enforcement unit known as the
Metropolitan Police Force in greater Manila and Provincial Integrated Police Forces in the
Provinces under the operational and administrative control of the Phil. Constabulary.
Presidential Decree No. 765, August 8, 1975, established and constituted the Integrated
National Police with the Philippine Constabulary as the nucleus, local police and city and
municipal fire departments as components.
The Birth, Nature and Organizational Structure of the PNP, Constitutional Provision Related to
the Creation of the PNP
“The state shall establish and maintain one police force, which shall be national in scope and
civilian in character, to administered and controlled by a National Police Commission, the
 authority of Local Executives over the police units in their jurisdictions shall be provided
by law.” (Section 6, Article XVI)
Creation of the PNP
Republic Act 6975 which was enacted December 13, 1990 created the Philippine National Police,
among others like Bureau of Fire and Protection, Bureau of Jail Management and
Penology and the Philippine Public Safety College under the reorganized Department of
the Interior and Local Government.
R.A. 6975- DILG act of 1990 was signed by late Corazon C. Aquino on December 13,1990 and
took effect on January 1, 1991.
The PNP shall be a community and service-oriented agency responsible for the maintenance of
peace and order and public safety.
POWERS AND FUNCTIONS OF THE PNP.
1. Enforce all laws and ordinances relative to the protection of lives and property.
2. Maintain peace and order and take all necessary steps to ensure public security.
3. Investigate and prevent crimes, effect the arrest of criminal offenders, bring offenders to
justice, and assist in their prosecution.
4. Exercise the general powers to make arrest, search, and seizure in accordance with the
Constitution and pertinent laws.
5. Detain an arrested person for a period not beyond what is prescribed by law, informing the
person so detained of all his rights under the Constitution.
6. Issue licenses for the possession of firearms and explosives in accordance with the law.
7. Supervise and control the training and operations of security agencies, and issue licenses to
operate security agencies, and to security guards, and private detectives, for the practice of their
professions, and
8. Perform such other duties and exercise all other functions as may be provided by law.

INITIAL COMPOSITION of the PNP

1. Former INP members

2. Commissioned officers and Enlisted personnel of the PC
3. Members of the Inspection, Investigation, and Intelligence Branch of NAPOLCOM(IIIB)
4. Civilian operatives of the CIS
5. National Action Committee on Anti-Hijacking Security (NACAH), formerly under the DND
6. All functions of the Philippine Air Force Security Command (PAFSECOM)
7. Police functions of the Philippine Coast Guard

ADMINISTRATIVE POLICE UNITS

a. Logistics Support Unit

b. Information Technology Management Unit
c. Finance Unit
d. Health Service
e. Communication and Electronic Service
f. Chaplain Service
g. Legal Service
h. Headquarters Support Service
i. Engineering Service
j. Training Service

OPERATIONAL SUPPORT UNITS

a. Maritime Group
b. Intelligence Group
c. Police Security and Protection Group
d. Criminal Investigation and Detection Group
e. Special Action Force
f. Aviation Security Group
g. Highway Patrol Group
h. Police Community Relations Group
i. Civil Security Group
j. Crime Laboratory

Classification of City and Municipal Police Office

COMPONENTS CITIES:
Type A – cities with population ranging from 100,000 and above
Type B – cities with population ranging from 75,000 to less than 100,000
Type C – cities with population less than 75,000

Municipalities:
Type A – town with population ranging from 75,000 or more
Type B – town with population ranging from 30,000 to less than 75,000
Type C – town with population less than 30,000

Manning Level in the PNP:

Minimum -1:1,000
Average – 1: 500

R.A. 11200 – a new ranking system was adopted by the PNP, amending R.A. 6975, officially
took effect March 25, 2019
NATIONAL POLICE COMMISSION (NAPOLCOM

ORGANIZATIONAL SET –UP

The NAPOLCOM is an agency attached to the DILG for policy and program coordination.
It is composed of a CHAIRPERSON, 4 regular Commissioners, and the Chief of PNP as an Ex-
Officio member.
The 3 of the regular commissioners shall come from the civilian sector who are neither
active or former members of the police or military, 1 of whom shall be designated as Vice
Chairperson by the President.
The Fourth regular commissioner shall come from the Law enforcement sector either
active or retired. Provided, an active member of a law enforcement agency shall be
considered resigned from said agency once appointed to the Commission.
At least 1 of the Commissioners shall be a woman.
The DILG Secretary shall be the ex-officio Chairperson of the Commission.
The Vice Chairperson shall act as executive officer of the Commission.

Term of Office:
The four (4) Regular and full time Commissioners shall be appointed by the President for a term
of six (6) years without reappointment or extension.

Organizational Structure:

1. Commission Proper – This is composed of the offices of the Chairman and Four (4)
Commissioners.
2. Staff Services – the Staff Services are composed of the following :
3. Planning and Research Service
4. Legal Affairs Service
5. Crime Prevention and Coordination Services
6. Personnel and Administrative Service
7. Inspection, Monitoring and Investigation Service
8. Installation and Logistics Service
9. Financial Service

Powers and Function of the Commission:

1. Exercise administrative control and operational supervision over the PNP.

2. Advise the President on all matters involving police functions and administration.
3. Render report to the President Annually, 30 days after the end of a year.
4. Recommend to the President, through the Secretary, within 60 days before the start of a year a
Crime Prevention Program.
5. Perform such other functions necessary to carry out the provision of this act and as the President
may direct.
AUTHORITY TO REFORM AND REORGANIZED THE PNP

Republic Act No. 6975 is amended by Republic Act No.8551, otherwise known as the Philippine
National Police Reform and Reorganization Act of 1998, signed by Pres. Fidel V. Ramos on
February 25, 1998 and took effect on March 6, 1998.

APPOINTMENT OF PNP MEMBERS

Kinds of Appointment
a. Permanent – given when he/she possessed all necessary requirements for
appointment.
b. Temporary - given when he/she entered the service through any of the waiver
program.

GENERAL QUALIFICATIONS FOR APPOINTMENT IN THE PNP

1. Citizen of the Philippines.
2. Person of good moral character.
3. Must have passed the psychiatric/psychological, drug and physical tests to be
administered by the PNP or by any NAPOLCOM accredited government hospital
for the purpose of determining physical and mental health.
4. Must possess a formal Baccalaureate degree from a recognized institution of
learning.
5. Must be eligible in accordance with the standards set by the Commission
(NAPOLCOM).
6. Must not have been dishonorably discharged from military employment or
dismissed for just cause from any civilian position in government.
7. Must not have been convicted by final judgment of an offense or crime involving
moral turpitude (refers to conduct that shocks the public conscience, example:
murder, kidnapping, robbery).
8. Must be at least 1.62 meters in height for male and 1.57 meters for female.
9. Must weigh not more than or less than 5 kilograms from the standard weight
corresponding to his/her age, height and sex.
10. Must be at least 21 nor more than 30 years of age.

R.A. 11549 - PNP, BFP, BJMP and BUCOR Height Equality Act

5’2” for Male Applicant

5’0” for Female applicant

Signed by Pres. Rodrigo R. Duterte on May 26,2021.

SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS WHICH CAN BE WAIVED

a. Age - provided not below 20 nor more than 35 years old

b. Height – automatically granted to members of the Cultural Minorities
c. Weight – to comply within 6 months
d. Education – provided at least 72 units but given

ENTRANCE AND PROMOTIONAL EXAMINATION FOR POLICEMAN

The NAPOLCOM shall administer the Entrance and Promotional Examination. The entrance
examination is for those who desire to join the organization and the promotional
examination is required for promotion.

FIELD TRAINING PROGRAM

All uniformed members of the PNP shall undergo field training program for 12 months involving
actual experience in patrol, traffic, and investigation.
QUALIFICATIONS FOR PROVINCIAL DIRECTORS
a. Holder of master’s degree in public administration, sociology, criminology, criminal
justice, law enforcement, security administration, defense studies or other related
discipline from a recognized institution of learning.
b. Has satisfactorily passed the required training and career courses necessary for
the position as maybe established by the Commission.
QUALIFICATIONS OF CHIEF OF POLICE
a. City Police Chief
A graduate of Bachelor of Laws or master’s degree in Public Administration, Criminology,
Criminal Justice, Law Enforcement, National Security Admin., Defense Studies and other related
disciplines.
b. Municipal Police Chief
nd
At least 2 year Bachelor of Laws or at least 12 units in a master’s degree in disciplines
above mentioned.

PROMOTION

An advancement of uniformed personnel from a lower to higher rank/position, with an

increase in duties and responsibilities and usually accompanied by salary increase.
Kinds of Promotion:
a. Regular - a type of promotion obtained thru Merit, Seniority, Time-in- Grade and
Experience, Mandatory Schooling and Eligibility.
b. Special – any uniformed PNP member who has exhibited acts of conspicuous
courage and gallantry at the risk of his/her life above and beyond the call of duty,
shall be subject to special promotion.
WAYS TO BE PROMOTED

a. Promotion by Virtue of Position – any PNP personnel designated to any key

position, whose rank is lower than what is required for such position shall, after 6
months occupying the same be entitled to a rank adjustment corresponding to the
position. If such personnel do not have some of the qualifications for promotion
will occupy the same temporarily for 6 months without extension.
New Policy Related to Promotion:
Section 2. Section 38(a) of Republic Act 6975, as amended by Section 33 of Republic Act
8551, was further amended by R.A. 9708 to read as follows.
Section 38 Promotions – (a) A uniformed member of the PNP shall not be eligible to
promotion to a higher position or rank unless he/she has successfully passed the corresponding
promotional examination given by the Commission, or the Bar, or the corresponding board
examination for technical services and other professionals ,has satisfactorily completed the
appropriate and accredited course in the PNPA or equivalent training institutions, and has
satisfactorily passed the required psychiatric/psychological and drug tests. In addition, the
institution of a criminal action or complaint against a police officer shall not be a bar to
promotion.

PROMOTING AUTHORITIES

Grade /Rank Promotional Authorities

PNP General President
Col. To Lt. General President
Lt. to Lt. Colonel PNP, Chief
Patrolman/woman to Exe. Master Sgt. Chief, PNP

Upon reaching the maximum tenure without being promoted or assigned to a higher
position, a PNP member shall be compulsorily retired if he/she has reached the maximum
tenure of 20 years of service or more, or separated if less than 20 years of active service.

LATERAL ENTRY OF OFFICERS

Generally, original appointment for officers shall commence with the rank of
Lieutenant, to include all those with highly technical qualifications applying for the PNP
technical services such as Dentists, Optometrist, Nurses, Engineers, and graduates of
Forensic Sciences.
Doctor of Medicine, Lawyers, and Chaplain shall commence with the rank of Captain.
Graduates of the PNPA shall be automatically appointed to the initial rank of Lieutenant.
Licensed Criminologists may be appointed to the rank of Lieutenant to fill up any vacancy
after promotions from the ranks are completed.
ATTRITION SYSTEM
Attrition system is a new scheme, one year after the effectivity of R.A. 8551. Loss of personnel due to
any of the following reasons:

Modes of Attrition:
1.Attrition by Attainment of Maximum Tenure in Position
Position Maximum Tenure
Chief 4 years
Deputy Chief 4 years
Directors of Staff Services 4 years
Regional Directors 6 years
Provincial, City Directors 9 years

2. Attrition by Relief
A PNP member who has been relieved for just cause and has not been given an assignment
within 2 years such relief shall be retired or separated, as the case may be.
3. Attrition by Demotion in Position or Rank
Any PNP personnel, civilian or uniformed, who is relieved and reassigned to a position
lower than what is established for his/her grade in the PNP staffing pattern and who shall
not be assigned to a position commensurate to his/her grade within 18 months after such
demotion in position shall be retired or separated.
4. Attrition by Non- Promotion
Any PNP personnel who has not been promoted for continuous period of 10 years shall be
retired or separated.
5. Attrition by other Means
A PNP member or officer with at least 5 years of accumulated active service shall be
separated based on the following factors:
a. Inefficiency based on poor performance during the last 2 successive annual rating.
b. Inefficiency based on poor performance for 3 cumulative annual period.
c. Physical and or mental incapacity to perform police functions and duties.
Failure to pass the required entrance examination twice and or the required career courses except
for justifiable reasons.

RETIREMENT IN THE PNP

KINDS:
1. Compulsory – when you reached the age of 56 years old.
2. Optional – accumulated at least 20 years of satisfactorily service.
Note:
PNP member with the rank of Brigadier General, Lieutenant General may be allowed by
the NAPOLCOM to stay in the service even after attaining the age of 56 but only for a non-
extendible period of one year.

BUREAU OF JAIL MANAGEMENT AND PENOLOGY

Jail Defined
Are institutions for the confinement of persons who are awaiting final disposition of
their criminal cases and the service of those convicted and punished with shorter sentence.

TYPES OF JAILS IN GENERAL

1. LOCK-UP – is a security facility for the temporary detention of persons held for
investigation or waiting preliminary hearing.
2. ORDINARY JAIL – houses both offenders awaiting court action and those serving short
sentences usually up to three (3) years.
3. WORKHOUSES – jail farm or Camp-houses minimum custody offenders serving short
sentences with constructive work programs.
TYPES of JAIL based on Inmate Population:
1. TYPE A – population of 100 inmates or more
2. TYPE B – population of 21 to 90 inmates
3. TYPE C – population of 20 inmates or less
TYPES OF JAIL BASED ON JURISDICTION
1. Municipal Jail
 2. City Jail
3. District Jail
4. Provincial Jail
BJMP
The Bureau of Jail Management and Penology also referred to as the Jail Bureau was created
pursuant to Section 60, R.A. 6975, and initially consisting of uniformed officers and
members of the Jail Management and Penology Service as constituted under PD 765.
It was established on January 02, 1991, the BJMP was created thru R.A. 6975 as a line
Bureau under the DILG. It upgraded version of its forerunner, the Office of Jail
Management and Penology of the defunct Philippines Constabulary-Integrated National
Police (PC-INP).
Starting with 500 personnel in 1991 the BJMP, it separated from its mother the PC-INP to
become a full pledge bureau. Director Charles S. Mondejar took his oath of office on July
01, 1991, as the first Chief of BJMP.
MISSION
The Jail shall direct, supervise and control the administration and operation of all districts, city
and municipal jails to affect a better system of jail management nationwide.
POWERS of the Bureau:
The Jail Bureau shall exercise supervision and control over all District, City and Municipal
Jails to ensure: a secured, clean, sanitary and equipped jail for the custody and
safekeeping of city and municipal prisoner, any fugitive from justice or persons detained
awaiting investigation or trial and/or transfer to the National Penitentiary, and any violent
mentally-ill person who endangers himself or the safety of others.
ORGANIZATION OF BJMP UNDER R.A. 6975

The Jail Bureau shall be headed by a CHIEF who shall be assisted by two (2) DEPUTY CHIEFS, one
(1) for Administration and one (1) for Operation, all of whom shall be appointed by the
President upon the recommendation of the Secretary of DILG from among the qualified
officers with at least the rank of Senior Superintendent.
The Jail Bureau shall be composed of city and municipal jails, headed by a city or municipal
jail warden: provided that in case of large cities or municipalities, a district jail with
subordinate jails headed by a District Jail Warden maybe established as necessary.
Notes:
1. In no case shall any officers who has retired or to be retired with six(6) months
from his/her compulsory retirement age shall be appointed as Chief of Jail
Bureau.
2. The chief of Jail Bureau shall serve a tour of not to exceed 4 years.
3. BJMP is under the DILG.
BJMP RANKING SYSTEM

QUALIFICATION REQUIREMENTS
1. Must be a Filipino citizen.
2. Must be of good moral character.
3. Must be mentally and physically fit.
4. Must not have been convicted by final judgment of an offense or crime involving
moral turpitude, or of disgraceful or immoral conduct, dishonesty, examination
irregularity, drunkenness, or addiction to drugs.
5. Must not have been dishonorably discharged from Military service or dismissed
for cause from any civilian positions in the government.
6. Must possess a baccalaureate degree from a recognized institution of learning.
Must be 21 to 35 years of age at the date/time of filing an application.
BFP PROFILE

MISSION
We commit to prevent and suppress destructive fire, investigate its causes, enforce Fire Code
and other related laws, respond to man-made and natural disasters and other
emergencies.
VISION
A modern fire protection service fully capable of ensuring a fire-safe nation by 2034.
LEGAL MANDATE
The BFP was created by virtue of R.A. 6975 otherwise known as DILG Act of 1990
Section 53. The Bureau of Fire and Protection, hereunder referred to as the FIRE BUREAU , is
hereby created initially of the existing officers and uniformed members of the fire service
of the Integrated National Police as constituted under Republic Act No. 6975.

POWERS AND FUNCTION OF BFP

Section 54 of R.A. 6975:

1. The Fire Bureau shall be responsible for the prevention and suppression of all
destructive fires on.
a. Buildings
b. Houses and other structures
c. Forest
d. Land transportation vehicles and equipment
e. Ships or vessels docked at piers or wharves or anchored in major seaports
f. Petroleum industry installations
g. Plane crashes and other similar incidents.
2. The Fire Bureau shall be responsible for the enforcement of the Fire Code of the Philippines
(R.A. 9514 of 2008) and other fire related laws.
3. The Fire Bureau shall have the power to investigate all causes of fires, if necessary, file the
proper complaints with the city or provincial prosecutor who has jurisdictions over the case.

Bureau of Customs
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to navigation Jump to search
Bureau of Customs
Kawanihan ng Adwana

Emblem of the Bureau of Customs

Ensign of the Bureau of Customs

 Common name Bureau of Customs
Abbreviation BoC, BOC
Agency overview
Formed February 6, 1902; 120 years ago
Annual budget ₱2.58 billion (2021)[1]
Jurisdictional structure
National agency Philippines
Operations jurisdiction Philippines
 Customs, excise and gambling.
Specialist jurisdiction
Operational structure
POM Building, Port Area,
Headquarters
Manila, Philippines
 Yogi Filemon L. Ruiz, Commissioner
Agency executive
Parent agency Department of Finance
Website
www.customs.gov.ph

The Bureau of Customs (abbreviated BoC or BOC; Filipino: Kawanihan ng
Adwana) is a Philippine government agency under the Department of Finance. The
Bureau of Customs was established on February 6, 1902 by the Insular Government of
the Philippine Islands of the United States of America, during the American Colonial
Era of the Philippines.[2]

Contents
 1 Function
 2 History
o 2.1 The Spanish colonial era
o 2.2 The American colonial era
o 2.3 The Commonwealth Government
o 2.4 The Republic
o 2.5 2017 drug smuggling scandal
 3 Organization
o 3.1 Office of the Commissioner (OCOM)
o 3.2 Customs Intelligence and Investigation Service (CIIS)
o 3.3 Customs Districts
 4 Commissioners
 5 See also
 6 References
 7 External links

Function[edit]
The Bureau has the following duties under the Customs Modernization and Tariff Act
(RA 10863):[3]
(a) Assessment and collection of customs revenues from imported goods and other
dues, fees, charges, fines and penalties accruing under the CMTA;

(b) Simplification and harmonization of customs procedures to facilitate movement of

goods in international trade;

(c) Border control to prevent entry of smuggled goods;

(d) Prevention and suppression of smuggling and other customs fraud;

(e) Facilitation and security of international trade and commerce through an informed
compliance program;

(f) Supervision and control over the entrance and clearance of vessels and aircraft
engaged in foreign commerce;

(g) Supervision and control over the handling of foreign mails arriving in the
Philippines for the purpose of collecting revenues and preventing the entry of
contraband;

(h) Supervision and control on all import and export cargoes, landed or stored in piers,
airports, terminal facilities, including container yards and freight stations for the
protection of government revenue and prevention of entry of contraband;

(i) Conduct a compensation study with the end view of developing and recommending
to the President a competitive compensation and remuneration system to attract and
retain highly qualified personnel, while ensuring that the Bureau remains financially
sound and sustainable;

(j) Exercise of exclusive original jurisdiction over forfeiture cases under the CMTA;
and

(k) Enforcement of the CMTA and all other laws, rules and regulations related to
customs administration.

History[edit]

Bureau of Customs
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to navigation Jump to search
Bureau of Customs
Kawanihan ng Adwana

Emblem of the Bureau of Customs

Ensign of the Bureau of Customs
Common name Bureau of Customs
Abbreviation BoC, BOC
Agency overview
Formed February 6, 1902; 120 years ago
Annual budget ₱2.58 billion (2021)[1]
Jurisdictional structure
National agency Philippines
Operations jurisdiction Philippines
 Customs, excise and gambling.
Specialist jurisdiction
Operational structure
POM Building, Port Area,
Headquarters
Manila, Philippines
 Yogi Filemon L. Ruiz, Commissioner
Agency executive
Parent agency Department of Finance
Website
www.customs.gov.ph

The Bureau of Customs (abbreviated BoC or BOC; Filipino: Kawanihan ng Adwana)

is a Philippine government agency under the Department of Finance. The Bureau of
Customs was established on February 6, 1902 by the Insular Government of the Philippine
Islands of the United States of America, during the American Colonial Era of the Philippines.
[2]

Contents
 1 Function
 2 History
o 2.1 The Spanish colonial era
o 2.2 The American colonial era
o 2.3 The Commonwealth Government
o 2.4 The Republic
o 2.5 2017 drug smuggling scandal
 3 Organization
o 3.1 Office of the Commissioner (OCOM)
o 3.2 Customs Intelligence and Investigation Service (CIIS)
o 3.3 Customs Districts
 4 Commissioners
 5 See also
 6 References
 7 External links

Function[edit]
The Bureau has the following duties under the Customs Modernization and Tariff Act
(RA 10863):[3]
(a) Assessment and collection of customs revenues from imported goods and other
dues, fees, charges, fines and penalties accruing under the CMTA;

(b) Simplification and harmonization of customs procedures to facilitate movement of

goods in international trade;

(c) Border control to prevent entry of smuggled goods;

(d) Prevention and suppression of smuggling and other customs fraud;

(e) Facilitation and security of international trade and commerce through an informed
compliance program;

(f) Supervision and control over the entrance and clearance of vessels and aircraft
engaged in foreign commerce;

(g) Supervision and control over the handling of foreign mails arriving in the
Philippines for the purpose of collecting revenues and preventing the entry of
contraband;

(h) Supervision and control on all import and export cargoes, landed or stored in piers,
airports, terminal facilities, including container yards and freight stations for the
protection of government revenue and prevention of entry of contraband;

(i) Conduct a compensation study with the end view of developing and recommending
to the President a competitive compensation and remuneration system to attract and
retain highly qualified personnel, while ensuring that the Bureau remains financially
sound and sustainable;

(j) Exercise of exclusive original jurisdiction over forfeiture cases under the CMTA;
and

(k) Enforcement of the CMTA and all other laws, rules and regulations related to
customs administration.

History[edit]
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section by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced
material may be challenged and removed. (October 2019) (Learn
how and when to remove this template message)

Customs Building, Manila

Manila North Harbor

Prior to European colonization, people in the Philippines traded with others

from Southeast Asia. Since money was not yet the medium of exchange, people
bartered commodities. The rulers of the barangays collected tributes from the people
before they were allowed to engage in trade. The practice of collecting tributes
became part of the Customs Law of the Land.

The Spanish colonial era[edit]

During the Spanish Colonial Era of the Philippines, Spain passed three important statutes:

 Spanish Customs Law which was similar to that of the Indies enforced in the
country from 1582 to 1828. It was a concept of ad valorem levied on import and
export.
 A Tariff Board was established which drew up a tariff of fixed values for all
imported articles on which ten percent (10%) ad valorem duty was uniformly
collected.
 Another Tariff Law was introduced in 1891, which established the specific
duties on all imports and on certain exports and this lasted till the end of the
Spanish rule in the Philippines.

The American colonial era[edit]

When the Americans came to the Philippines, the Military Government continued to
enforce the Spanish Tariff Code of 1891, which remained in effect until the Philippine
Commission enacted the Tariff Revision Law of 1901.

On October 24, 1900, the Philippine Commission passed Act No. 33 abolishing and
changing the position of Captain of the Port to Collector of Customs in all ports of
entry except the Port of Manila. The designation of the Captain of the Port in the Port
of Manila was retained.

When the Civil Government was established in the Philippines, the most important
laws passed by the Philippine Commission were the following:

 Tariff Revision Law of 1902 based on the theory that the laws of Spain were
not as comprehensive as the American Customs Laws to conform with the
existing conditions of the country.
 Philippine Administrative Act No. 355 passed by the Philippine Commission
on February 6, 1902. The full implementation of this Act, however, was
considered inadequate and incomplete, so the Customs Service Act No. 355,
called the Philippine Customs Service Act was passed to amend the previous
 laws. After several modifications and amendments, the Philippine Customs
Service finally became a practical counterpart of the American Customs
Service.
 Act No. 357 reorganized the Philippine Customs Service and officially
designated the Insular Collector of Customs as Collector of Customs for the
Port of Manila.
 Act No. 625 abolished the Captain of the Port for the Port of Manila.
 Public Act No. 430 transformed the Philippine Customs Service to a Bureau of
Customs and Immigration under the supervision and control of the Department
of Finance and Justice.

When the Department of Justice became a separate office from the Department of

Finance, the customs service remained under the umbrella of the latter which set-up
remained up to this time.

The Commonwealth Government[edit]

After the Philippine Commonwealth was established, the Philippine Legislature enacted

Commonwealth Act No. 613 forming the Bureau of Immigration as a separate office
from the Bureau of Customs.

On May 1, 1947, the Bureau of Customs has as its head the Insular Collector of
Customs. He was assisted by the Deputy Insular Collector of Customs. Both officials
were concurrently Collector of Customs and the Deputy Collector of Customs of the
Port of Manila. The Republic Pursuant to the Executive Order No. 94 of Republic Act
No. 52, the President of the Philippines reorganized the different departments,
bureaus, offices and agencies of the government of the Republic of the Philippines.
Consequently, the Insular Collector of Customs was changed to Collector of Customs
for the Port of Manila. The reorganization took effect on July 1, 1947.

In 1957, Congress enacted the Tariff and Customs Code of the Philippines known as
Republic Act No. 1937, otherwise known as the “Tariff Law of the Republic of the
Philippines”. This took effect on July 1, 1957. The passage of this act by the defunct
Congress of the Philippines subject to the provisions of the Laurel-Langley
Agreement, became the first official expression of an autonomous Philippine Tariff
Policy.

Before the passage of Republic Act 1937, all importations from the United States
enjoyed full exemptions pursuant to the Tariff Act No. 1902 which was adopted by
Republic Act No. 3 as the Tariff Laws of the Philippines.

The Republic[edit]

Pursuant to the Executive Order No. 94 of Republic Act No. 52, the President of the
Philippines reorganized the different departments, bureaus, offices and agencies of the
government of the Republic of the Philippines. Consequently, the Insular Collector of
Customs was changed to Collector of Customs for the Port of Manila. The
reorganization took effect on July 1, 1947.

In 1957, Congress enacted the Tariff and Customs Code of the Philippines known as
Republic Act No. 1937, otherwise known as the “Tariff Law of the Republic of the
Philippines”. This took effect on July 1, 1957. The passage of this act by the defunct
Congress of the Philippines subject to the provisions of the Laurel-Langley
Agreement, became the first official expression of an autonomous Philippine Tariff
Policy.

2017 drug smuggling scandal[edit]

On May 28, 2017, the Bureau of Customs (BOC) seized ₱6.4 billion worth

of methamphetamine in two warehouses in Barangay Ugong of Valenzuela, Metro Manila.
The BOC said that they acted on an intelligence report from the Chinese General
Administration of Customs. The seizure was made in accordance to a Letter of Authority
issued by BOC Commissioner Nicanor Faeldon. The BOC officials were accompanied
by personnel of the National Bureau of Investigation and Philippine Drug Enforcement
Agency who inspected the warehouses found the contraband in five metal cylinders. [4]

During the Senate and House hearings, details on how the shipment was smuggled
into the Philippines were given. On May 16, 2017, the ship Guang Ping Voyage No.
1719S, which carried the container with the methamphetamine arrived at the Manila
International Container Port (MICP) in Tondo, Manila. The cargo of the ship was lodged
on the next day by Customs broker, Teejay Marcellana, who claims that the shipment
contained kitchenware. The following day, the importer of the goods, EMT Trading,
which is owned by Eirene Tatad, paid the customs and duties for the shipment. The
firm says that they were not aware of the illegal drugs inside the shipment. The
shipment was then passed through the green lane where shipments were not scanned
through X-ray. According to protocol, shipments accepted by first-time importers or
from China were not allowed to be passed through the green lane. A truck registered
under Golden Strike Logistics transported the container from the MICP on May 23.
[5]
 Chinese businessman Richard Tan, also known as Chen Ju Long, narrated during
the congressional hearing that he called the Bureau of Customs at 11pm after he was
informed about the illegal drugs shipment by Zhang Xiaohui of the Chinese General
Administration of Customs. Customs broker, Mark Taguba claims that Tan was
behind the smuggling of the drugs who says that he was hired by the businessman to
"fix" the shipment through a middle man named Kenneth Dong. [5]

The Philippine Senate Blue Ribbon Committee investigated and called the BOC personnel
with links to the case as either incompetent or corrupt. [6]

Organization[edit]
Office of the Commissioner (OCOM)[edit]

The Bureau of Customs is headed by a Commissioner, who is responsible for the

general administration and management of the bureau. The Commissioner is assisted
by six Deputy Commissioners and an Assistant Commissioner, who supervises the
Internal Administration Group, Revenue Collection Monitoring Group, Assessment
and Operations Coordination Group, Intelligence Group, Enforcement Group,
Management Information System and Technology Group and Post Clearance Audit
Group.

Customs Intelligence and Investigation Service (CIIS)[edit]

 The Customs Intelligence and Investigation Service (CIIS) is the service of the Bureau
mandated to the collection, collation, and evaluation of data and information on acts
of economic sabotage and the conduct of surveillance, investigation and apprehension
of cases involving violations of customs, tariff laws and regulations. [7]

Customs Districts[edit]

The Bureau of Customs has 17 Customs Districts (as enumerated below). Each
Customs District is headed and supervised by a District Collector, assisted by as many
Deputy District Collectors as may be necessary. A Customs District has a designated
“principal port of entry”. Generally, a principal port of entry has its “sub-port(s) of
entry”.

City/Municipality

o, La Union

Area)

do)

ay

Oro

City

ambales / Morong, Bataan (Subic Freeport Zone)

ampanga (Clark Freeport Zone)

yan
n

u of Customs
pedia, the free encyclopedia
gation Jump to search
Bureau of Customs
Kawanihan ng Adwana

he Bureau of Customs

Bureau of Customs
n name Bureau of Customs
viation BoC, BOC
Agency overview
med February 6, 1902; 120 years ago
budget ₱2.58 billion (2021)[1]
Jurisdictional structure
agency Philippines
jurisdiction Philippines
 Customs, excise and gambling.
urisdiction
Operational structure
POM Building, Port Area,
uarters
Manila, Philippines
 Yogi Filemon L. Ruiz, Commissioner
xecutive
agency Department of Finance
Website
s.gov.ph
u of Customs (abbreviated BoC or BOC; Filipino: Kawanihan ng Adwana) is a Philippine government agency under
as established on February 6, 1902 by the Insular Government of the Philippine Islands of the United States of America, du

s
nction
 tory
2.1 The Spanish colonial era
2.2 The American colonial era
2.3 The Commonwealth Government
2.4 The Republic
2.5 2017 drug smuggling scandal
ganization
3.1 Office of the Commissioner (OCOM)
3.2 Customs Intelligence and Investigation Service (CIIS)
3.3 Customs Districts
mmissioners
also
erences
ernal links

n[edit]
has the following duties under the Customs Modernization and Tariff Act (RA 10863): [3]

ent and collection of customs revenues from imported goods and other dues, fees, charges, fines and penalties acc

cation and harmonization of customs procedures to facilitate movement of goods in international trade;

ontrol to prevent entry of smuggled goods;

on and suppression of smuggling and other customs fraud;

ion and security of international trade and commerce through an informed compliance program;

ion and control over the entrance and clearance of vessels and aircraft engaged in foreign commerce;

sion and control over the handling of foreign mails arriving in the Philippines for the purpose of collecting revenue

sion and control on all import and export cargoes, landed or stored in piers, airports, terminal facilities, including c
f government revenue and prevention of entry of contraband;

a compensation study with the end view of developing and recommending to the President a competitive compens
ighly qualified personnel, while ensuring that the Bureau remains financially sound and sustainable;

of exclusive original jurisdiction over forfeiture cases under the CMTA; and

ment of the CMTA and all other laws, rules and regulations related to customs administration.

edit]
This section does not cite any sources. Please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sour
and removed. (October 2019) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
uilding, Manila

th Harbor

opean colonization, people in the Philippines traded with others from Southeast Asia. Since money was not yet the m
s. The rulers of the barangays collected tributes from the people before they were allowed to engage in trade. The p
ms Law of the Land.

h colonial era[edit]

Spanish Colonial Era of the Philippines, Spain passed three important statutes:

ish Customs Law which was similar to that of the Indies enforced in the country from 1582 to 1828. It was a conce
rt.
riff Board was established which drew up a tariff of fixed values for all imported articles on which ten percent (10
cted.
her Tariff Law was introduced in 1891, which established the specific duties on all imports and on certain exports
n the Philippines.

can colonial era[edit]

mericans came to the Philippines, the Military Government continued to enforce the Spanish Tariff Code of 1891,
e Commission enacted the Tariff Revision Law of 1901.

24, 1900, the Philippine Commission passed Act No. 33 abolishing and changing the position of Captain of the Po
t the Port of Manila. The designation of the Captain of the Port in the Port of Manila was retained.

ivil Government was established in the Philippines, the most important laws passed by the Philippine Commission

f Revision Law of 1902 based on the theory that the laws of Spain were not as comprehensive as the American Cu
itions of the country.
ppine Administrative Act No. 355 passed by the Philippine Commission on February 6, 1902. The full implementa
quate and incomplete, so the Customs Service Act No. 355, called the Philippine Customs Service Act was passed
al modifications and amendments, the Philippine Customs Service finally became a practical counterpart of the Am
No. 357 reorganized the Philippine Customs Service and officially designated the Insular Collector of Customs as C
la.
No. 625 abolished the Captain of the Port for the Port of Manila.
 c Act No. 430 transformed the Philippine Customs Service to a Bureau of Customs and Immigration under the sup
nce and Justice.

epartment of Justice became a separate office from the Department of Finance, the customs service remained under t
p to this time.

onwealth Government[edit]

ilippine Commonwealth was established, the Philippine Legislature enacted Commonwealth Act No. 613 forming the B
reau of Customs.

1947, the Bureau of Customs has as its head the Insular Collector of Customs. He was assisted by the Deputy Insul
rrently Collector of Customs and the Deputy Collector of Customs of the Port of Manila. The Republic Pursuant to
the President of the Philippines reorganized the different departments, bureaus, offices and agencies of the govern
ly, the Insular Collector of Customs was changed to Collector of Customs for the Port of Manila. The reorganizati

ngress enacted the Tariff and Customs Code of the Philippines known as Republic Act No. 1937, otherwise known
”. This took effect on July 1, 1957. The passage of this act by the defunct Congress of the Philippines subject to the
became the first official expression of an autonomous Philippine Tariff Policy.

passage of Republic Act 1937, all importations from the United States enjoyed full exemptions pursuant to the Tari
ct No. 3 as the Tariff Laws of the Philippines.

lic[edit]

the Executive Order No. 94 of Republic Act No. 52, the President of the Philippines reorganized the different depa
ment of the Republic of the Philippines. Consequently, the Insular Collector of Customs was changed to Collector o
on took effect on July 1, 1947.

ngress enacted the Tariff and Customs Code of the Philippines known as Republic Act No. 1937, otherwise known
”. This took effect on July 1, 1957. The passage of this act by the defunct Congress of the Philippines subject to the
became the first official expression of an autonomous Philippine Tariff Policy.

smuggling scandal[edit]

2017, the Bureau of Customs (BOC) seized ₱6.4 billion worth of methamphetamine in two warehouses in Barangay
hat they acted on an intelligence report from the Chinese General Administration of Customs. The seizure was made in
OC Commissioner Nicanor Faeldon. The BOC officials were accompanied by personnel of the National Bureau of Inv
inspected the warehouses found the contraband in five metal cylinders. [4]

Senate and House hearings, details on how the shipment was smuggled into the Philippines were given. On May 16
ch carried the container with the methamphetamine arrived at the Manila International Container Port (MICP) in Tondo
day by Customs broker, Teejay Marcellana, who claims that the shipment contained kitchenware. The following d
ich is owned by Eirene Tatad, paid the customs and duties for the shipment. The firm says that they were not awar
nt was then passed through the green lane where shipments were not scanned through X-ray. According to protoco
r from China were not allowed to be passed through the green lane. A truck registered under Golden Strike Logisti
ay 23.[5] Chinese businessman Richard Tan, also known as Chen Ju Long, narrated during the congressional hearin
he was informed about the illegal drugs shipment by Zhang Xiaohui of the Chinese General Administration of Cus
Tan was behind the smuggling of the drugs who says that he was hired by the businessman to "fix" the shipment th
 ne Senate Blue Ribbon Committee investigated and called the BOC personnel with links to the case as either incompe

ation[edit]
e Commissioner (OCOM)[edit]

of Customs is headed by a Commissioner, who is responsible for the general administration and management of th
ty Commissioners and an Assistant Commissioner, who supervises the Internal Administration Group, Revenue C
ons Coordination Group, Intelligence Group, Enforcement Group, Management Information System and Technolo

ntelligence and Investigation Service (CIIS)[edit]

ms Intelligence and Investigation Service (CIIS) is the service of the Bureau mandated to the collection, collation, a
omic sabotage and the conduct of surveillance, investigation and apprehension of cases involving violations of cus

istricts[edit]

of Customs has 17 Customs Districts (as enumerated below). Each Customs District is headed and supervised by
rict Collectors as may be necessary. A Customs District has a designated “principal port of entry”. Generally, a pr

District Principal Port of Entry City/Municipality

rict I Port of San Fernando San Fernando, La Union
rict II-A Port of Manila (POM) Manila (Port Area)
rict II-B Manila International Container Port (MICP) Manila (Tondo)
rict III Ninoy Aquino International Airport (NAIA) Pasay
rict IV Port of Batangas Batangas City
rict V Port of Legazpi Legazpi, Albay
rict VI Port of Iloilo Iloilo City
rict VII Port of Cebu Cebu City
rict VIII Port of Tacloban Tacloban
rict IX Port Surigao Surigao City
rict X Port of Cagayan De Oro Cagayan De Oro
rict XI Port of Zamboanga Zamboanga City
rict XII Port of Davao Davao City
rict XIII Port of Subic Olongapo, Zambales / Morong, Bataan (Subic Freeport Zone)
rict XIV Port of Clark Mabalacat, Pampanga (Clark Freeport Zone)
rict XV Port of Aparri Aparri, Cagayan
rict XVI Port of Limay Limay, Bataan
sioners[edit]
ña was Customs Commissioner from 2017-2018.

nrile was Customs Commissioner from 1966–1968.

Term
Name
Start End
sular Collectors of the Port of Manila (1902-1946)
ster 1902 1916
1916 1918
nese 1918 1937
omez 1937 1945
bros 1945 1946
Commissioners (1946–present)
eon 1947 1950
to 1950 1954
uez 1954 1955
anahan 1955 1957
papas 1957 1960
Aseron 1960
papas 1960 1961
Geotina 1961
o 1962
mualdez 1962 1963
erez, Jr. 1963 1964
 1964
e Joya 1964 1965
iano 1965
vino 1965 1966
nrile 1966 1968
Geotina 1968 1975
de Roda, Jr. 1975 1977
olan 1977 1986
ñada 1986 1987
Padilla 1987
Mison 1987 1991
ble 1991 1992
Parayno, Jr. 1992 1998
ndoza, Jr. 1998
n 1998 1999
mpil 1999 2001
anueva 2001 2002
Bernardo 2002 2004
reos 2004 2005
na 2005
. Arevalo July 2005 December 2005
Morales January 2006 July 2010
Alvarez July 2010 September 2011
ino B. Biazon September 2011 December 2013
evilla December 2013 April 2015
na April 2015 June 30, 2016
don [8]
June 30, 2016 August 30, 2017
eña, Ph.D., CSEE August 30, 2017 October 31, 2018
y Leonardo Guerrero, AFP October 31, 2018 July 20, 2022
n L. Ruiz July 20, 2022 present
[edit]
tment of Finance
u of Customs Transformers (basketball)
u of Customs Transformers (volleyball)

ces[edit]
s://www.dbm.gov.ph/wp-content/uploads/GAA/GAA2021/TechGAA2021/DOF/B.pdf[bare URL PDF]
ech of President Corazon Aquino on the 86th Foundation Anniversary of the Bureau of Customs, February 5, 1988". Official Gazette of the
brary. Archived from the original on 24 September 2015. Retrieved 24 August 2015.
stoms Modernization and Tariff Act". Republic Act No. 10863 of 2015 (PDF).
stoms seizes P6.4-B worth of shabu in Valenzuela". Rappler. 28 May 2017. Retrieved 17 August 2017.
p up to:a b Gavilan, Jodesz (14 August 2017). "TIMELINE: How P6.4-B worth of shabu was smuggled into PH from China". Rappler. Retrie
pan, Lara; Lardizapal, Cecille (31 July 2017). "Senate alleges corruption and incompetence in customs bureau over biggest haul yet of shab
ved 17 August 2017.
stoms intelligence group reorganized". Official Gazette.
eldon is Customs chief: source". ABS-CBN News. 31 May 2016. Retrieved 31 May 2016.

l links[edit]
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