A 

Project Report 
on 
 
A Study on Initiative taken by MCGM for cleanliness in Mumbai
 
Submitted to 
Maratha Mandir’s 
Babasaheb Gawde Institute of Management Studies 
Mumbai Central 
 
 
 
Submitted by 
Pranali Sunil Sanap
Roll no. 41
 
 
Under the Guidance of 
DR. RAJASHRI SHENDGE

SOCIAL PROJECT 
 Batch: 2021-23 
 
Master of Management Studies (MMS) 
University of Mumbai 
 DECLARATION  

 
I, PRANALI SUNIL SANAP & Roll no 41, Semester IV student of Master of
Management Studies, of Maratha Mandir’s Babasaheb Gawde Institute of
Management Studies, hereby declare that I have successfully completed social
project on A Study on Initiative taken by MCGM for cleanliness in Mumbai. The
information incorporated in this project is true and original to the best of my
knowledge. 
 

Date:                              Signature  

 
 
 
  
MARATHA MANDIR’S 
    Babasaheb Gawde Institute of Management Studies 
 Mumbai Central 
 
CERTIFICATE 
 
 

This is to certify that PRANALI SUNIL SANAP & Roll no 41, Semester IV has
successfully completed the social project work under my supervision. The
information incorporated in this project is true and original to the best of my
knowledge. 
 
                                                

 
Dr. Rajashri Shendge
Name of Faculty Guide                                                              Signature 

Date:
 
  
   MARATHA MANDIR’S 
    Babasaheb Gawde Institute of Management Studies 
 Mumbai Central 
 
CERTIFICATE FROM THE INSTITUTE 
 
 
This is to certify PRANALI SUNIL SANAP & Roll no 41, Semester IV is a Bonafede
student of this Institute. As a part of academic fulfillment of Master of Management
studies (M.M.S) examination, the student has completed social on A Study on Initiative
taken by MCGM for cleanliness in Mumbai.

 
 

Prof. Dr. Vidya Hattangadi

Name &Signature of                                                             Institute stamp 
(Director)                                                               
 

Date:
 
 Acknowledgment 
 
 
 
I would like to acknowledge the following as being idealistic channels and fresh
dimensions in the completion of this project.

I would like to thank you my Director, Dr. Vidya Hattangadi for providing the
necessary facilities required for completion if this project.

I would also like to express my sincere gratitude towards my project guide,

Dr. Rajashri Shendge whose guidance and care made the project successful.

Lastly, I would like to thank each and every person who directly or indirectly helped
me in the completion of the project.

INDEX 
 
SR NO  TITLE  PAGE NO 

1.  INTRODUCTION TO THE TOPIC   1

2.  LITERATURE REVIEW   

3.  THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK   

4.  METHODOLOGY    

5.  CONCLUSION   

6.  RECOMMENDATIONS   

7.  REFERENCE LIST   

8.  APPENDICES   

ABSTRACT

The issue of cleanliness in its clean/dirty and pure/impure antinomies definitely has a
social and cultural dimension. Some daily cleaning practices are indeed quite
common actions in every culture and society, even if some differences in the
frequency and quality of the practices and in the value attributed to them do exist. In
this paper, we will discuss how cleaning practices and contamination fears sink their
roots in the social context and in cultural practices. In particular, we will explore the
connections between one's own sense of cleanliness and attitudes of prejudice and
intolerance toward other groups. First, the issue of cleanliness over the centuries and
the exaggerations of cleanliness referring to individual psychopathology will be
examined. Then, the psychosocial meaning of cleanliness will be considered in
revealing the impact of the clean/dirty and pure/impure antinomies on day-to-day
social interactions with others.
 CHAPATER 1
INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background of the Project

The Brihanmumbai Municipal Corporation also known as the Municipal Corporation
of Greater Mumbai (MCGM), is the governing civic body of Mumbai, the capital
city of Maharashtra. It is India's richest municipal corporation. The BMC's annual
budget exceeds that of some of India's smaller states. It was established under the
Bombay Municipal Corporation Act 1888. BMC is responsible for the civic
infrastructure and administration of the city and some suburbs. Brihanmumbai
Municipal Corporation has been formed with functions to improve the infrastructure
of town.

Mumbai reckoned as the financial capital of the country, houses a population of

12.4million besides a large floating population in a small area of 437sq.km. As
surrounded by sea and has nowhere to expand. The constraints of the geography and
the inability of the city to expand have already made it the densest metropolis of the
world. High growth in the number of vehicles in the last 20 years has resulted in
extreme traffic congestion. This has lead to long commute times and a serious impact
on the productivity in the city as well as defining quality of life of its citizens. The
extreme traffic congestion has also resulted in Mumbai witnessing the worst kind of
transport related pollution. Comprehensive Traffic Studies (CTS) were carried out
1
for the island city along with its suburbs to identify transportation requirements to
eliminate existing problems and plan for future growth. CTS identified requirement
of new arterial road along the Western Coast as part of transportation networks.
Therefore, Municipal Corporation of Greater Mumbai (MCGM) has proposed to
construct a Coastal Road on the western side of the city.

Cleanliness is next to godliness. IN Tamil language there is a proverb “Sutham Soru

Podum”. The explanation is that “Sutham “means Cleanliness “Sorru” means Food
“Podum” means Give. That means Cleanliness Gives Food. This proverb conveys the
importance of the cleanliness. Cleanliness is necessary for an individual. It leads to
country's progress. Cleanliness functions as a Shield against the diseases. Cleanliness
helps us to have a wealthy Health. Cleanliness enables men, women, children and
babies and pets to be in the state of brisk, fresh and active. Cleanliness helps people
to have positive attitude by stopping the negative rays in to our body. In Educational
Institutions, cleanliness makes the students as very attentive, very concentrative, and
as very fresh, and the cleanliness makes the teachers very enthusiastic in teaching by
creating excellent teaching and learning atmosphere. In business concerns,
cleanliness helps the employees to concentrate on their duties and officers to
concentrate on their functions. Cleanliness helps in making correct decision-making
process. It is very difficult to see the role of the cleanliness in figures. In fact, the
cleanliness is an intangible long-term asset which will be the basis for the human
health and wealth.

1.2 DESCRIPTION OF THE AREA

Mumbai is located on the western sea coast of India from 18o 53' North to 19o 16'
North Latitude and from 72o East to 72o 59' East Longitude. It was originally a
cluster of seven islands. Later on these islands were joined to form present Mumbai.
The total land of Greater Mumbai identified in Earlier Draft Development Plan 2034
(EDDP)was 458.28 sq km. The Municipal Corporation of Greater Mumbai
(MCGM), however, was the Planning Authority of area that was more modest, since
about 9.43% of the cited area fell under the jurisdiction of Special Planning
Authorities (SPA). Three such SPA exist in Greater Mumbai- MMRDA, SRA,
MIDC. The EDDP therefore prepared a development plan for 415.05 sq.km. Total
area specified by Surveyor General is 603 sq.km., which includes territorial waters

2
extended into sea up to 12 nautical miles measured from appropriate base line. Its
maximum width is 17 km. (East to West) and length is 42 km. (North to South).

LAND USE Mumbai was the first Municipal Corporation to adopt the concept of a
development plan. The first development plan was formulated in 1964 was
sanctioned in 1967. This development plan reformulated as per law of Maharashtra
Regional and City development Act1966, which came into force in 1991-94 and was
valid up to 2014. Now new Development Plan for 2014-2034 was submitted to State
Government over provision of section 30(1) of said Act on 02.08.2017 for sanction.
The State Govt. in Urban Development Department vide it’s notification dated
08.05.2018 as per the provision of section 31(1) of said Act sanctioned the
Development Plan partially. Planning Area The total land of Greater Mumbai
identified in Earlier Draft Development Plan 2034 (EDDP) was 458.28 Sq.km.
However, the Municipal Corporation of Greater Mumbai (MCGM) is the Planning

3
authority of area that was more modest. Since about 8.76% of the cited area fell
under the jurisdiction of Special Planning authorities (SPA). Following three such
SPAs exist in Grater Mumbai– Mumbai Metropolitan Region Development
Authority (MMRDA), Slum Rehabilitation Authority (SRA) and Maharashtra
Industrial Development Corporation (MIDC). The ELU 2012 located the emergence
of an additional area of 14.96 Sq.km, probably due to siltation of mangroves in
Thane creek. This area is outside the current MCGM limits which is shown as
Natural Area in Development Plan 2034. The Coastal Road approved by GoM adds a
further area of 1.80 sq.km through reclamation of the sea. The alignment of this Road
is being marked on the Proposed Land Use (PLU). It is also proposed that any
changes in the alignment of Coastal Road that would get necessitated during
implementation would automatically become part of the DP-2034. Further, an area of
1.20 sq.km is proposed as green reclamation. The addition of these land makes
Greater Mumbai’s total land area 476.24 sq.km.

1.3 Present Situation

But present situation starting form individual house to the big offices, villages to the
top cities, from schools to places for worships, from arts & science colleges to the
medical & engineering colleges, hostels of both girls and boys is very untidy. What
we do nearby our houses is knowingly we it a lot of mistakes. Spiting on the road,
throwing wastes on the doors of the neighbors, pouring water from the top floor on
the ground floor, some business people put all the disposables on the road
particularly during night hours, vegetable traders throw all wastes on the drainages or
dump in a place nearby the residential areas, schools, temples. Few are going openly
urine in a place where children play or public gathers. I n majority of the offices, the
waste papers, used carbon sheets, used plastic pens and other stationeries are dumped
just nearby the place of work from there continuously the bad smell will be coming. I
n a long run, the people living in such surroundings, the children going to the
schools, officers, employees will be attracted by the unnamed diseases for which the
doctors are to be called from the other cities, states and sometimes from the other
countries too. All these things are due to the fact of absence of cleanliness. These
days people keep their cattle stray on roads, people take their dogs for walk on parks
and road and their are left on the road. Our city is becoming shit city. Even
sometimes the people allow their children to go toilet on the road and they left the
places without cleaning. People spit on the road with pan masala. We through banana
4
 scrap, fruits scraps, used lemon, dust & wastes of the house on the roads and streets.
All these wastes will start decay and produces intolerable Renewable Research
Journal bad smells with untreatable diseases that are affecting the children in long
run. The people, students, teachers, children, etc. have to live with the dirty
surroundings.
CHAPTER 2
Review of literature

● Singh (2018) said in the article on Impact of Swachh Bharat Abhiyan Swachchhta
Abhiyan has really a great impact on Indian society. People are taking an initiative to
clean the village, society, colony, city, railway platforms, etc. A series of awareness
campaigns by the district administration, state govt., and central govt. made the
people conscious about the hazards of pollution. Aswathi (2018) mentioned in the
paper in regards to Swachh Bharat Abhiyan Gramin was implemented with the aim
of making rural area in India open defecation free. There were several other activities
which were implemented as a part of Swachh Bharat Abhiyan Gramin, these
programme were categorized into Inter ministerial collaboration and inter-sectoral
collaboration. Capacity Development activities to increase awareness among the
rural masses and generation of demand for sanitary facilities. Capacity building is
essential for effective implementation of the programme. There should be a tie up
with International institutions of repute for mandatory training of Centre/State
officials engaged in the sanitation sector. It is desirable that a national level institute
on water and sanitation on the lines of National Institute of Rural Development is to
be set up by the Ministry for capacity building at various levels. This suggestion has
also been made by the Working Group on Rural Domestic Water and Sanitation for
the 12th Plan2012-17. Government of India along-with the State Governments has
been endeavoring for achievement of sanitation goals and also for promoting
partnership with public, private and nongovernmental agencies for improved
provisions, maintenance and management of sanitation facilities.

● Mohapatra (2015) concluded by a better and healthier tomorrow is not only the
government’s responsibility but a collective duty to be shared by all the citizens of
the nation. Proper sanitation provisioning is a step towards a better hygienic
environment. It’s a step taken by Government of India, if not new, is definitely a step

5
 to create awareness and encourage people’s participation towards achievement of
goals of total sanitation for all. Evne (2014) studied the objective of Swachh Bharat
Abhiyan. The study mainly focused on impact of Swachh Bharat Mission on Dalit
Community in India. The study concluded that every citizen of the country should be
clean and have hygiene and think of progress rather than waiting for government to
make this plan successful. Badra and Sharma (2015) studied the managerial
implication of Swachh Bharat Campaign. The study also suggested the measures to
increase participation and effectiveness of Swachh Bharat drive. The study
concluded that teamwork and patriotism are values which the government wishes to
inculcate among students and ordinary citizens. The active involvement of celebrities
in neighborhood initiatives lends credence to the drive. Rao and Subbarao (2015)
studied the issues and concerns of Swachh Bharat Abhiyan. The study also focused
on Gandhian concept of sanitation. The study concluded that it is the opportunity and
responsibility of the citizens, media, social media, civil society, organizations,
professionals, youths, students, and teachers to declare their ownership of the
campaign by simply reporting the instances of manual scavenging. Thakkar (2015)
studied the objective, merits and importance of Swachh Bharat Mission. The study
also focused on impact of Swachh Bharat Mission on health and education sectors.
The study concluded that the mission of Clean India or Green India is an appreciable
step of Modi Government.

● Jain and Ruhela (2016) stated in their study, a sense of responsibility has been
evoked among the people through the clean India Movement. With citizen now
becoming active participants in cleanliness activities across the nation, the dream of
clean India once seen by Mahatma Gandhi has begun to get a shape. People from
different sections of the society have come forward and joined this mass movement
of cleanliness. From government officials to Jawans, Bollywood actors to the sport
persons, industrialist to spiritual leaders, all have lined up for the noble work.
Millions of people across the country have been day after day joining the cleanliness
initiatives of the government department, NGOs and local community centres to
make India clean. Organizing frequent cleanliness campaigns to spreading awareness
about hygiene through plays and music is also being widely carried out across the
nation. Voluntary social services have been an integral part of the sociocultural and
religious ethos of our society from ancient times. The objective has been to increase
human capacities by promoting noneconomic factors such as education, health and
6
nutrition, which in turn would speed up the process of economic development. The
role of NGOs is both co-operative and complementary to the state. The existence of
NGOs assumes importance in the context of rural settings, as living conditions have
deteriorated. State-NGO partnership alone cannot resolve all the socio-economic
problems; hence it has to be in co-ordination with all agents of social change, i.e., the
state, local self governments, the corporate sector, academics and civil society groups
on the awareness of swachh bharat mission and it needed to be practice for the Indian
Rural Development (Yakanna, 2017). Mohapatra (2015) described that despite the
landmark improvement in sanitation in India, the nation lags behind many other
nations whose GDP is far below us. Around 53% of population is openly defecating,
out of which the women and children are the hardest sufferer. As health and
environment is a state subject and sanitation directly affects the health and
environment and hence sanitation also becomes a state subject. So the success of this
scheme depends directly upon the role of state in terms of its implementation and
vigilant management. Thus the scheme proposes that each state can adopt their self-
determining technology but that needs to match or be above the set standards
provided by center

7
 CHAPTER 3
Theoretical Framework

3.1 Swachh Bharat Mission

“A clean India would be the best tribute India could pay to Mahatma Gandhi on his
150th birth anniversary in 2019”, said Shri Narendra Modi, the Prime Minister of
India as he launched the Swachh Bharat Mission at Rajpath in New Delhi on 2
October, 2014.
The project has received massive support from people as well as various corporate
houses. After months of its launch, many celebrities, politicians and academic
institutes organized various cleanliness drives. A total of 3.18 million toilets were
built between April 2014 and January 2015. Over the next five years, the government
plans to further invest about INR 2,000,000 million to construct 120 million toilets.
SBM is expected to cost over INR 620 billion (US$9.2 billion). As per the latest
report of WHO/UNICEF Joint Monitoring Programme for Water Supply and
Sanitation (JMP)5 (UNICEF, 2017), the SBM garnered $25 billion from government,
the private sector and civil society.
As of June 2017, 205,000 villages, 149 districts and five States have become open-
defecation free (ODF). From the year 2014 to the year 2017, coverage of toilets in
the rural areas has increased from 42% to 65% which exhibits the outreach and
success of the plan. The survey, ‘SwachhSarvekshan’ was commissioned by Union
of Urban Development and conducted between 5th January and 20th January, 2016.
The survey collected data points on three major spheres namely, interaction with
municipal bodies, direct observations and feedbacks of citizens. All the cities under
the study were evaluated on six parameters namely, strategy for open defecation free
(ODF) town and integrated solid waste management (SWM); processing and

8
disposal (of solid wastes); information, education and behavioural change (IEBC)
communication; provision for public and community toilets seats; sweeping, door to
door collection and transportation (solid waste); and construction of household
individual toilets.
On the basis of survey top 73 clean cities of India were ranked. According to the
ranking, cities were divided in four categories namely, Leaders (15 cities with scores
of more than 70% out of the total of 2000), aspiring leaders (20 cities with scores
between
60%-70%), acceleration required (18 cities with scores between 50–60%) and last
slow movers (20 cities with scores below 50% out of 2000).
All the 29 States and 2 Union Territories of India were represented by one or more
cities in the list of top 73 clean cities of the survey. The geographic and demographic
profiles vary across different Indian states due to varied climates, availability of
resources and human capital. Therefore, it is necessary to assess the success of this
plan across the states to understand the determining factors of the success of this
cleanliness initiative at the sub national level

3.2 What initiatives have been undertaken to increase public awareness towards
thecampaign?
Creating public awareness plays an important part in ensuring the success of the
mission. School and college children along with other youth organisations will be
roped in to generate public awareness on cleanliness. The corporation also intends to
undertake the following measures:
Special focus on slum areas: MCGM has already started the cleanliness drive in slum
areas under Swachh Mumbai Prabodhan Abhiyan (SMPA). Community-based
organisations are being formed in these areas with 740 organisations already working
including Safai Mitra. Continuous efforts will be undertaken to ensure cleanliness
and hygiene in slum areas.

Shramdan by public and MCGM staff: The hours between 1100 hrs to 1300 hrs
every Saturday will be dedicated to shramdan by the public. Each electoral ward
(227 wards in MCGM areas) has been identified for this programme. A suitable
public place will be identified in advance and publicity will be carried out for the
common public to congregate. MCGM will provide the required logistics on site.

9
From 1730 hrs to 1930 hrs every Friday, the corporation will contribute to the
campaign through shramdan in and around its office premises.

Public campaign: Radio jingles and TV spots will be developed for the cleanliness
drive and print and social media will also be extensively used for the same. Suitable
IEC material will be developed for which the expression of interest (EoI) has been
finalized and tenders are being invited for the appointment of a consultant.

The Corporation also has plans to rope in NGOs and other citizen entities for the
campaign...
NGOs working for cleanliness and all the non-officials and councilors of MCGM
along with MLAs and MPs will be involved in this drive. The corporation is also
liaising with various stakeholders through regular interaction with officials from
Central Government offices like the Railways, Defense, CPWD, BPT, RCF, etc., and
state government offices like MHADA, SRA, PWD, MSRDC, MMRDA, etc., for
their active participation during the campaign.

3.3 How can private players contribute in the corporation's endeavor for a
cleaner Mumbai?
The endeavor for a cleaner Mumbai is a joint effort, with private players, citizens,
NGOs and every Mumbaikar coming together to achieve the goal. With regard to
contribution of corporate houses, there are two ways. Under the CSR programme,
they can fund waste management-related infrastructure, from supplying refuse bins
to the adapting a whole administrative ward for waste collecting and transporting
operations. They can also participate in the tendering process of PPP-based waste
management projects in an active manner, so their role is not just limited to being a
technology provider. These methods can ensure that corporate culture seeps into the
sector.

10
OBJECTIVES

1. To understand the various initiative taken by MCGM for clean mumbai

2. To Implementation of swachh bharat abhiyan in mumbai
3. To understand people perception towards Green Mumbai.
4. To examine the impact of Swachh Bharat Mission on public livelihood.

11
 CHAPTER 4
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

DATA COLLECTION
The gathering of Data is completed Primary Data and Secondary data method

PRIMARY DATA
Primary data is data that is collected directly from its source through research
methods such as surveys, interviews, observations, experiments, and focus groups. It
is original data that has not been collected or processed previously. Primary data is
collected with a specific research question or objective in mind, and is therefore
tailored to address the specific needs of the researcher or organization.

TOOLS AND TECHNIQUES

1. Research Tool – Questionnaire Method (using google forms)

2. Sampling Technique – random

3. Sample - middle age youth

4. Sample size – 100 respondents

12
 CHAPTER 5
OBSERVATIONS/CONCLUSION

1. Gender

Parameters Percentage (%)

Male 73

Female 27

Table 1

Distribution of respondents according to gender

Figure 1

Interpretation
From table 1 and figure 1 it was found that 73% are male and remaining 27%
of respondents are female.

13
2. Age

Parameters Percentage (%)

Below 18 years 12

18-36 years 57

37-55 years 27

Above 55 years 4

Table 2

Distribution of respondents according to Age

Figure 2

Interpretation
The table 2 and figure 2 shows that 57% of the respondents are belong to 18-
36years age category followed by 27%, 37-55 years and 12 % below 18 years
and remaining 4 % belong to above 55 years age category.

3. Education qualification

Parameters Percentage (%)

14
 Below matriculation 21

Matriculation and above 47

Graduate and above 32

Table 3

Distribution of respondents according to Education Qualification

Figure 3

Interpretation
From the table 3 and figure 3, it has been found that 47% of the respondents are
Matriculation and above followed by 32% of graduate and above and remaining
21% are below matriculation.

4. Have you heard about BMC's Swachh Bharat Abhiyan campaign?

15
 Parameter Percentage (%)

Yes 89

No 11

Figure 4

Figure 4

Interpretation
From table 4 and figure 4 it shows that 89% of respondents are heard about BMC's Swachh
Bharat Abhiyan campaign and the remaining 11% are not aware.

5. Do you think BMC's Swachh Bharat Abhiyan campaign has helped in

improving the cleanliness of Mumbai?

16
 Parameter Percentage (%)

Yes 75

No 25

Table 5

Figure 5

Interpretation
The Table 5 and figure 5 show 75% respondents think BMC's Swachh Bharat Abhiyan
campaign has helped in improving the cleanliness of Mumbai and remaining 25% didn’t
see any improvement.

6. Have you noticed any positive changes in the cleanliness of Mumbai since the
launch of BMC's Swachh Bharat Abhiyan campaign?

17
 Parameter Percentage (%)

Yes 61

No 39

Table 6

Figure 6

Interpretation
From Table 6 and figure 6 it shows 61% respondents noticed positive changes in the
cleanliness of Mumbai since the launch of BMC's Swachh Bharat Abhiyan campaign
and remaining 39% didn’t see any positive changes

7. Have you ever participated in a cleanliness drive organized by BMC?

18
 Parameter Percentage(%)

Yes 13

No 87

Table 7

Figure 7

Interpretation
Table 7 and figure 7 shows that 87% of respondents participated in a cleanliness
drive organized by BMC while the remaining 13% didn’t participate.

8. Do you think BMC should impose fines on people who litter in public
places?

19
 Parameter Percentage (%)

Yes 77

No 33

Table 8

Figure 8

Interpretation
From table 8 and figure 8 shows 70% respondents think BMC should impose fines
on people who litter in public places and the remaining 30% say no.

9. Have you seen any awareness campaigns run by BMC to promote

cleanliness in your area?

20
 Parameter Percentage(%)

Yes 92

No 8

Table 9

Figure 9

Interpretation
The table 9 and figure 9 shows 92% of respondents have seen any awareness
campaigns run by BMC to promote cleanliness in your area remaining 8% say no.

10. Do you think BMC should do more to educate people about the importance
of cleanliness?

21
 Parameter Percentage(%)

Yes 64

No 36

Table 10

Figure 10

Interpretation
From the table 10 and figure 10 shows that 64% respondents think BMC should do
more to educate people about the importance of cleanliness

11. Have you ever used the BMC's garbage segregation system in your area?

22
 Parameter Percentage (%)

Yes 93

No 7

Table 11

Figure 11
Interpretation
The table 11 and figure 11 shows 93% respondents used the BMC's garbage
segregation system in your area and remaining 7% didn’t use the garbage
segregation.

12. How often do you see BMC workers cleaning the streets in your area?

23
 Parameters Percentage(%)

Everyday 91

Every few day 9

Rarely 0

Never 0

Table 12

Figure 12

Interpretation
The table 12 and figure 12 shows that 91% of respondents see everyday BMC
workers cleaning the streets in your area and the remaining 9% see every few days.

13. Do you think BMC's cleanliness initiatives have helped in reducing the
spread of diseases in Mumbai?

24
 Parameters Percentage(%)

Yes 75.5

No 24.5

Table 13

Figure 13

Interpretation
Table 13 and figure 13 show that 75.5% respondents think BMC's cleanliness
initiatives have helped in reducing the spread of diseases in Mumbai and remaining
24.5% didn’t think BMC's cleanliness initiatives have helped in reducing the spread
of diseases in Mumbai.

14. Have you ever complained to BMC about garbage dumping or littering in
your area?

25
 Parameters Percentage(%)

Yes 61

No 39

Table 14

Figure 14

Interpretation
From table 14 figure 14 shows that 61% of respondents have complained to BMC
about garbage dumping or littering in your area and remaining 39% never
complained to BMC.

15. Do you think the BMC should involve citizens and local communities more
actively in keeping their areas clean?

26
 Parameters Percentage(%)

Yes 74

No 26

Table 15

Figure 15

Interpretation

From the table 15 and figure 15 shows that 74% respondents think the BMC should
involve citizens and local communities more actively in keeping their areas clean and
remaining 36% didn’t think that BMC should involve citizens and local communities
more actively in keeping their areas clean.

27
16. Do you think BMC's efforts in keeping the city clean have had a positive
impact on Mumbai's tourism industry?

Parameters Percentage (%)

Yes 95

No 5

Table 16

Figure 16

Interpretation
From table 16 and figure 16 shows that 95% respondents think BMC's efforts in
keeping the city clean have had a positive impact on Mumbai's tourism industry and
remaining 5% didn’t think BMC's efforts in keeping the city clean have had a
positive impact on Mumbai's tourism industry.

28
17. How satisfied are you with improve the cleanliness of Mumbai?

Parameters Percentage(%)

Very satisfied 5

Satisfied 48

Neutral 29

Dissatisfied 18

Very dissatisfied 0

Table 17

Figure 17

Interpretation
From table 17 and figure 17 shows that 48% satisfied with improve the cleanliness of
mumbai and 29% neutral and 18% dissatisfied with the cleanliness and remaining
5% are very satisfied.

29
18. How would you rate the condition of public toilets in your area?

Parameters Percentage (%)

Excellent 5

Good 12

Average 41

Poor 42

Table 18

Figure 18

Interpretation
From the table 18 and figure 18 shows that 42% respondents thinks poor condition of
public toilets in your area and 41% think average condition and 12% says good
condition and remaining 5% think excellent condition of public toilets.

30
19. In your opinion, what more can BMC do to improve the cleanliness of
Mumbai?

Parameters Percentage (%)

Increase the frequency of garbage collection 39

IImpose stricter fines for littering 22

Improve public toilets 29

Run more awareness campaigns 10

Table 19

Figure 19

Interpretation
From table 19 and figure 19 shows that 39% respondents suggested increasing the
frequency of garbage collection can improve the cleanliness of Mumbai and 29%
suggested improving public toilets and 22% thinks IImpose stricter fines for littering
and remaining 10% think run more awareness campaigns.

31
20. How would you rate BMC's overall efforts in keeping Mumbai clean?

Parameters Percentage (%)

Excellent 10

Good 36

Average 41

Poor 10

Table 20

Figure 20

Interpretation
From table 20 and figure 20 shows that 42.3% respondents have an average rating on
BMC's overall efforts in keeping Mumbai clean and 37.1% have good rating and
10.3% give excellent rating to BMC's overall efforts in keeping Mumbai clean.

32
 Conclusions

Over 75% people think BMC's Swachh Bharat Abhiyan campaign has helped in
improving the cleanliness of Mumbai. 39% people think Increase the frequency of
garbage collection will improve the cleanliness of Mumbai. 48% people are think
there was a improvement the cleanliness in Mumbai. 76% people think should
involve citizens and local communities more actively in keeping their areas
clean.77% people think BMC should impose fines on people who litter in public
places.

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REFERENCE

1. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/
335443693_SWACHHBHARAT_ABHIYAN-AN_OVERVIEW
2. https://www.thehindu.com/news/cities/mumbai/news/the-cleaning-of-mumbai/
article8263762.ece
3. https://www.bartleby.com/essay/Clean-Up-Mumbai-Campaign-F3JYXJKEKRYZS
4. https://portal.mcgm.gov.in/

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Appendices

1. Gender

Male

Female

2. Age

Below 18 years

18-36 years

37-55 years

Above 55 years

3. Education qualification

Below matriculation

Matriculation and above

Graduate and above

4. Have you heard about BMCs Swachh Bharat Abhyan campaign?

Yes

No

5. How would you rate BMC's overall efforts in keeping Mumbai clean?

Excellent

Good

Average

Poor

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6. In your opinion, what more can BMC do to improve the cleanliness of Mumbai?

Increase the frequency of garbage collection

IImpose stricter fines for littering

Improve public toilets

Run more awareness campaigns

7. How would you rate the condition of public toilets in your area?

Excellent

Good

Average

Poor

8. How satisfied are you with improve the cleanliness of Mumbai?

Very satisfied

Satisfied

Neutral

Dissatisfied

Very dissatisifed

9. Do you think BMC's efforts in keeping the city clean have had a positive impact
on Mumbai's tourism industry?

Yes

No

10. Have you ever used the BMC's garbage segregation system in your area?

Yes

No

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