CHAPTER 3 ART APP REVIEWER
3. LIGHT AND SHADOW
1. ELEMENTS OF VISUAL ARTS
1. LINE
● A prolongation of a point
● The simplest, most ancient, and most
universal for creating visual art.
1. Prolongation
straight or curve acc to direction
● Curve- showcase life and dignity; graceful
● S. curve- single arc
● D. curve- like an “s” shape
● Spiral curve- line of grace/ line of beauty
og Hogarth
2. Straight Line- horizontal, vertical, diagonal
● Horizontal- width, contemplation,
quietude, sense of infinity (landscape)
● Vertical- solemnity, height, poise,
aspiration, dignity (portrait)
● Diagonal- action or movement
2. VALUE
● Lightness and darkness of graphic painting
● Indicates degree of luminosity
● Presence or absence of light
NOTE:
● White-highest value
● Black-lowest value
● Point halfway is the medium
● White to medium (classified as light)
● Medium to black ( classified as dark)
● Also known as chiaroscuro
● Modeling figure in dept or articulating form.
4. FORMS
● Forms bring mass and makes the artwork
look solidify than a 2 Dimensional artwork
types of FORM
1. Regular- definite shapes (circle, square,
triangle)
2. Natural- those we can see in nature (
leaves, animal , tree)
3. Geometric shapes/ non objective-
pyramids cylindrical towers.
4. Abstract
5. COLOR
● The quality of an object or substance with
respect to light reflected by it, and usually
determined visually by measurement of
hue, saturation and brightness of the
reflected light.
6. TEXTURE
● Roughness or smoothness of artwork
7. SPACE
● space makes all parts function as a whole.
● focuses on giving an illusion in any
presentation
● Exists as an “illusion” in a graphic
presentation.
2. PROPERTIES OF COLOR

● HUE- warm or cool tone
● VALUE- lightness or darkness
● INTENSITY- brightness or dullness
3. CLASSIFICATION OF COLORS
1. PRIMARY- considered as Primary for all
other colors are produced by combining any
two (RED, BLUE, YELLOW)
2. SECONDARY- Produced by mixing two
primary colors ( GREEN, VIOLET AND
ORANGE)
3. INTERMEDIATE- an equal mixture of
primary and secondary color. (YELLOW-
ORANGE, RED-ORANGE,RED-VIOLET, BLUE-
VIOLET, BLUE-GREEN, YELLOW-GREEN)
4. TERTIARY- an equal mixture of any two
secondary colors. (ORANGE-YELLOW,
VIOLET-GREEN, AND ORANGE-GREEN)
SYMBOLISM OF COLORS
1. BLACK- Despair, gloom, death and
mourning.
2. BLUE-Tranquility, calmness and peace.
3. GRAY- weight,solidity,neutrality.
4. GREEN-Growth,freshness and hope.
5. ORANGE- Deliciousness and sweetness.
6. PINK- Love
7. RED- Fire, blood, danger, festivity, bravery,
war, passion, energy, and warmth.
8. VIOLET- Shadows, mourning, penance,
royalty and power
9. WHITE- Simplicity, clarity, purity, and
peace.
10. YELLOW- life, joy, sunshine, cheerfulness,
warmth,splendor, and hospitality.
11. YELLOW-GREEN- jealousy and hatred
12. BROWN- Humility and confidence
● COLOR HARMONY-it is the correct
combination and arrangement of colors so
that they will appear pleasing to the eyes.
1. MONOCHROMATIC HARMONY
- one color with it’s tint and shade
 2. DOUBLE COMPLEMENTARY- combining any
of the two adjacent colors in the color chart
with their complements.

2. ANALOGOUS HARMONY-
- Is the use of colors which possess
one common color in all their
mixture.(color that are found near in 3. SPLIT COMPLEMENTARY- employs 3 colors
the color chart) to produce it by starting with any color in
the color chart with the exception of the
three secondary colors

.
4. HARMONIES OF CONTRASTING
COLORS 4. DOUBLE SPLIT COMPLEMENTARY-
combination of two sets should lie opposite
each other in the color chart.

TYPES OF CONTRASTING COLOR HARMONIES

1. COMPLEMENTARY- combination of any two

opposite colors in the color chart.

5. TRIAD HARMONY- Employs 3 colors in the

triangle in the color chart
- the richest among the five

5. THE PARADOX OF
COLORS
- Color is considered a paradox for it only
exists in lights. Without its help, the color
will seem to be colorless in human eyes.
- Colors can play tricks because of the
variation in light sources reflected on the
surface.
Example: an apple is not red because it is
red or the green leaves are green.It just
that, the light which reflects on the surface
of the object brings out the particular color.
6. HOW LIGHT DETERMINES
COLOR
- different light sources bring different kinds
of color.
- The light coming from the sunlight are
often called “true” colors for the energy
being produced by sunlights is distributed
evenly through the spectrum.
- A fluorescent lamp concentrates much on
the blue wave spectrum.
- Sodium vapor lamps emit energy at two
wavelengths in the yellow part of the
spectrum. (reason why yellow cars looks
brighter under the sodium vapor lamps
while blue or red cars appears in dab gray
color)
- Ordinary household bulb emits blue light
and strong red light which can produce a
somehow “distorting effect:
7. THE MYSTERY OF COLOR
PERCEPTION
- Isaac Newton is the first person who
speculated on how color perceived and yet
the phenomenon of seeing colors.
According to him, man has the same way of
perceiving colors like the animals (apes,
goldfish and bees)
- It has been a major problem when color
vision involves physiological processes.
- Whereby, light energy is transformed into a
color signal to the brain, and the brain
intercepts the signal or the physiological
process.
- Thomas Young a theorist who gave the
best explanation of color vision as purely
physiological action.
- According to him it is a combination of the
3 primary colors and those colors are
enough to make the hue.
- Eswald Hering, the four-color vision, which
is based on the human reaction to colors.
- Young and hering theory are both
contradictory and till now, researchers are
still looking for the validity of two
viewpoints.
- Regardless of which, composite theory was
said to provide the best explanation of how
3. PROPORTION (law of RELATIONSHIP)
the human eye sees the world in cascade
- Proper or significant relation between 2
colors.
things
- Expressed in size, number or position

8. USES OF THE ART ELEMENTS
1. SYMBOLS- Made up of different shapes
used to depict or symbolize objects.
4. RHYTHM
- It is related to movement and suggests
something graceful.
- The arrangement of lines makes the
artwork looks like moving or traveling

2. PICTURES- The use of the art elements

gives the difference of how pictures are
being represented.Some artist, really gives
5. EMPHASIS-
the exact meaning while other use the
- focus on the most important thing up to its
pictures to send hidden messages or let the
details
viewers make their own interpretation on
art work

3. EMOTION- Emotions are expressed by the

different elements which symbolize or
suggest feelings.
Example: despair, mourning, hope, love,
passion, hate, anger, fear, or even actions
like conflict, struggles, crying, violence,
kissing and laughing.

9. PRINCIPLE OF DESIGN

1. BALANCE (law of REST)

- Equality in weight, attention, or attraction
of the various elements of design.

2. HARMONY (law of ORDER)

- Most essential
- Gives impression of UNITY
 CHAPTER 8: The Lives and Musical Compositions of Great Composers
2ND SEMESTER І S.Y. 2021-2022 TRANSCRIBED BY: REA MORAN
LECTURER: MR. ESTRADA
BACH, JOHANN SEBASTIAN
Born: March 21, 1685 Eisenach Germany
Died: July 28, 1750 (aged 65) Leipzig Germany
• In Thuringia, the name BACH was
synonymous to a musician. There were
more than fifty (50) members of this
amazing family who were professionals:
Organist, choir directors, town players, and
dancing masters.
• The greatest of the tribe was Johann
Sebastian.
• Orphaned
• Scholar at St. Michael's Schools at Luneburg.
• Polyphonic style
➢ taking as his point departure;
• Giovanni Gabrieli
Italian composer
• Girolamo Frescobaldi
Italian composer
• Heinrich Schütz
Germancomposer
• Mendelssohn discovered the score of his St.
Matthew Passion and performed it.
• He used operatic devices, recitative areas,
ensembles- especially in the passions.
• Bach held five positions
o Church organ post - Arnstadt
o Church organ post - Muhlhausen
o Court Organist – Weimer
o (1717) Court Conductor - Prince of
Anhalth-Cothen
o (1722) Cantor - Thomasschule in Leipzig
Out of the (54) fifty-four boys whom he taught
singing and Latin, he had to provide the music
for four different churches every Sunday. These
services were four hours long, and it was
customary for the choir to sing a complete
cantata after the sermon.
• he lived and composed for twenty-eight
(28) years.
• Bach was very devout. His thinking was
always in terms of the organ and the chruch
services. Sometimes when death is
mentioned in some of the cantatas, there is
suppressed excitement in the music as if he
just couldn't wait to join his Creator. Some of
his works, like the Passions, the B Minor
Mass, and The Art of the Fugue, are
monumental, but one of his simple little
choral preludes is just as much an artistic
gem.
• a chorus or aria from one of the cantatas, if
you like choral music; part of Brandenburg
Concerto, if you prefer orchestra; one of the
fugues, if you like organ; or part of the Well-
Tempered Clavier, if you like piano and play
it again and again until it has a chance to
sink it to your soul.
• In 1717, he married his cousine Maria
Barbara Bach, after her death, he married
Anna Magdalena Wilcken. Of Bach's 20
children, 3 sons became famous musician;
Wilhelm Freedman Bach
Karl Phillipp Emanuel Bach
Johann Christian Bach
Beethoven, Ludwig Van
Baptized: December 17, 1770 Germany
Died: March 26, 1827 Vienna Austria
• He showed musical talent when he was very
young and learned to play violin and piano
from his father who was singer.
• In 1787, Beethoven's gentle and loving
mother died. After that, his father was often
drunk and had a bad temper.
• When he visited Vienna, the famous
composer Wolfgang Mozart heard him play
the piano. Mozart said, "He will give the
world something worth listening to." About
this time, Beethoven met Count Ferdinand
Waldsteen, who became his lifelong friend
and often helped his career.
• Despite being deaf, Beethoven's music
became more profound. He developed a
completely original style of composing.It
reflected his violent emotion, his sufferings
and joys.
• In 1826, Beethoven caught a serious cold
which developed into pneumonia and then
dropsy. He died on March 26, 1827.
• Throughout his life, Beethoven was guided
by a basis of optimism and a faith in moral
values. These always dominated his music,
although earlier moods and grim struggle
usually preceded the joy typically found at
the of his compositions.
• Some of the styles of Beethoven's
work:
1. Dionysian: demonic power and
urgency, but always controlled
2. Obsession with freedom and
liberty
3. Themes more tense,
compressed, concentrated,
subjective
4. Used suspense to create tension
an expectancy
5. New themes often presented in
development section
6. Larger orchestra, thicker texture
7. Transition from movement to
movement sometimes without a
cadence
8. The courtly minuet changed to
the driving scherzo
9. Extremes in dynamics
Chopin, Frederic
Born: March 1, 1810 Poland
Died: October 17, 1849 (aged 39) Paris France
• A Polish composer and pianist of
French descent, Frederic Chopin
studied in Warsaw but later settled
in Paris and never returned to
Poland.
• He live a colorful, passionate life in
association with George Sand, a
French woman novelist, but never
married her, deviated from the
classical sonata and created in freer
form such as nocturnes, ballades,
preludes and etudes and
incorporated.
• Polish folk motifs in his mazurkas and
other pieces.
• In his music, as in that of Liszt,
Schuberr, and Schuman, emotion
triumphs over intellect and the
beauty of the melodic line holds
sway over considerations of
structure.
• He developed a highly characteristic
style of writing for the piano, for
which he composed two concertos ,
three sonatas, 24 preludes, and
many waltzes, nocturnes,
polonaises and studies.
• He also wrote a cello sonata, a piano
trio, and songs. He is often referred
to as the "Poet of the Piano."
Handel, George Frederick
Born: February 23, 1685 Halle Germany
Died: April 14, 1759 (aged 74) London England
• Handel's father was not at all happy about
the career of a musician, but on the advice
of a nobleman, he finally consented to let
the boy study clavier and organ.
• When Handel was eighteen, following his
father's death, he went to Hamburg which
was considered the most musical city of
Germany. There, he came into contract
with Italian with German text. After
studying with Italian opera composers in
Rome, Florence and Naples, he became
court composer for the Electroc of Hanover.
• A leave of absence permitted him to go to
London in 1712 to compose Italian operas
for the English court.
• Handel's operas were successful with the
court, but the rank and file of English
people could not tolerate the absurdities of
Italian opera. Handel was not a good
businessman; he had trouble with rival
singers; and eventually, went into
bankruptcy. To pull himself out of the
financial doldrums, he turned to oratorio, a
much cheaper form because it involved no
scenery, costumes or acting.
• Handel's oratories are more than mighty
Baroque edifies; they reveal the self-
confident spirit of the English people
reaching our toward world-conquering
power. In other words, the children of Israel
in his Biblical narratives are really the
English people themselves. One cannot help
feeling this when he hears one of the great
choruses in the Messiah. The Baroque
period in music ended in a blaze of glory.
• From 1739, he turned from opera to
oratorio, producing some masterpieces as
Saul (1739), Israel in Egypt (1739), and
Messiah (1742), which maintained his public
popularity.
• In 1751, however, he began to be afflicted
with loss of sight and became completely
blind, although he continued to compose
until his death.
• His mastery of composition is reflected in
the range of his works, which include the
Water Music (1717), Music for the Royal
Fireworks (1749), concerti grossi, sonatas,
organ concertos, harpsichord suites, and
anthems.
Mozart, Wolfgang Amadeu
Born: 27 January 1756
Died: 5 December 1791
• An Australian composer
• He was baptised as Joannes Chrysostomus
Wolfgangus Theophilus Mozart
• He was born in Salzburg to violinist and
composer Leopold Mozart
• He composed 49 symphonies, over 40
concertos, 7 string quintets, 26 string
quartets, numerous divertimenti, piano
sonatas, and violin sonatas
➢ The styles of Mozart in his works:
• Apollonian: freshness, flexibility,
charm, grace, poetry
• Some thematic development in the
exposition; hence, this section is long;
development section, short.
• Often omits the slow introduction
o 1762
o His father took him on a tour of
Germany to Paris and London,
where he received adulation for his
abilities.
o 1787
o He settled in Vienna as a freelance
musician and teacher, composing
such masterpieces as the operas The
 Marriage of Figaro and
Giovanni
o 1770
o in Rome, Mozart was able to write
out the entire score of a Miserere by
Georgio Allegri after hearing the
work twice.
o 1791
o Mozard died at the age of 35. By
then he had composed a collection of
more than 600 compositions.
o Some of his finest works, the operas
Cosi fan tutte, The Magic Flute, and
the Jupiter Symphony.
Strauss, Johann
Born: October 25, 1825
Died: June 3, 1899
Don • He resigned as court conductor to
devote himself to the composition
of the operettas
o 1833
• The Voices of Spring
Tchaikovsky, Peter Ilich
Born: May 7, 1840
Died: November 6, 1893
• He was a Russian composer
• Among his greatest compositions are six
symphonies, including the Pathetique
(1893), three piano concertos (one
unfinished), a violin concerto, string
quartets, the opera Eugene Onegin (1877),
and the ballets Suan Lake (1876) and the
Nutcracker (1891)

• He was an Austrian violinist, conductor, and

o 1866
composer of light music, particularly dance
• He studied under Anton Rubinstein
music and operettas.
in St. Petersburg and became
• He composed over 500 waltzes, polkas,
professor at the Moscow
quadrilles, and other types of dance music,
conservatoire in
as well as several operettas and a ballet.
o 1877
• He wrote a great many dance pieces,
• His disastrous marriage caused him
including such waltzes as The Blue Danube,
to suffer from depression
Vienna Wood, and Tales from the Vienna
o 1893
Woods, as well as polkas and marches.
• He died of cholera, from drinking
• He also wrote 15 operettas, including Die
unboiled water.
Fledermaus (1874), A Night in Venice
(1883), and The Gipsy Baron

Earned the mimicker, "the King of the Waltz" Verdi, Guiseppe

o 1863 Born: October 10, 1813
• Jacques Offenbach, Paris most
popular composer of light operas, Died: January 27, 1901
visited Vienna, and the two
• In the operas of Guiseppe Verdi, we
composers met.
find the highest expression of Italian
o 1880
arts and letters, contemporary with
• The Roses from the South the German Wagnerian era.
o 1870
 • Verdi's music is human, and
intrinsically Italian
• In the face of strictly enforced
censorship, Verdi found lidretti
which embodied the ideas of liberty
and which would have allegorial
significance for his countrymen.

o 1851
• Rigolleto
o 1871
• Aida
o 1874
• Verdi composed the Reguim Mass
o 1887
• Verdi composed Otello
 CHAPTER 9: Filipino Renowned Artists and Composers
2ND SEMESTER І S.Y. 2021-2022 TRANSCRIBED BY: REA MORAN
LECTURER: MR. ESTRADA
Félix Resurrección Hidalgo
Born: February 21, 1855
Died: March 13, 1913
• 1884 was particularly important in
Philippine History because that was
the year two Indios won the attention
of the Spanish art establishment for
their two entries in the Madrigal
Exposition of Fine Arts.
• He won a silver medal for his large
canvas.
Christian Virgins Exposed to the
Populace (Las Vírgenes Cristianas
Expuestas al Populacho)
• Hidalgo continued to produce
paintings on academic classical
romantic historical or allegorical
subjects like Charon's Boat (La Barca
de Aqueronte) and Oedipus and
Antigone, the obligatory stuff that
catered to conservative juries, as well
as portraits and landscapes.
Juan Luna
Born: October 23, 1857
Died: December 7, 1899
• One of the first internationally-
recognized Filipino painters, was born
to well-off parents in Badoc, Ilocos
Norte.
• His artistic talents were established in
1878 with the opening of the first art
exposition in Madrid.
• On December 8, 1886, Luna married
Maria de la Paz Pardo de Tavera.
❖ The famous masterpieces of Luna include:
➢ "Spoliarium", a painting he entered in
the Exposicion General de Bellas Artes
in 1884 in Madrid, where it won a gold
medal. It currently hangs in the main
gallery at the ground floor of the
National Museum of the Philippines.
➢ La Batalla de Lepanto (The Battle of
Lepanto), commissioned by the
Spanish Senate after he developed a
friendship with the King of Spain.
➢ El Pacto de Sangre (The Blood
Compact) , which depicted the blood
compact ceremony between the
native chieftain Datu Sikatuna and the
Spanish conquistador Miguel Lopez
de Legazpi, now displayed in
Malacanang
➢ "Don Miguel de Legazpi", which was
burned during the war.
➢ "Governor Ramon Blanco".
❖ Tampuhan, Lady with Guitar
 ➢ "Tampuhan" meaning "sulking", is an 1895
classic oil on canvas. It is a depiction of two
persons in a living room of a house.
• Upon his return to the Philippines in
1894 after an absence of 17 years,
Luna painted Houses by a Narrow
Road, one of the several views of
Marikina.
• He suffered a severe heart attack and
died on December 7, 1899.
Fernando C. Amorsolo
• Filipino painter; the country’s first National
Artist for Painting; known as “The Maestro”
• May 30, 1892 - April 24, 1972
• Born in Manila, but spent his childhood in
Daet,Camarines Norte.
• Studied at the University of the Philippine
School of Fine Arts and the Academia de San
Fernando.
• Lived through the transition of power from
Spain to the United States and World War II
• Created 10,000 works (paintings, sketches,
studies).
Carlos V. Francisco
• Continued painting from his home in Manila
(which was occupied by the Japanese), near a
Japanese garrison.
• Deprived of access to pastoral scenes for
landscape paintings.
• His younger brother, Pablo, was labeled a
Japanese sympathizer and executed by firing
squad.
Vicente S. Manansala
• Vicente Silva Mnansala (January 22,
1910 - August 22, 1981)
• was a Philippine cubist painter and
illustrator.
• Manansala was born in Macabebe,
Pampanga.
• From 1926 to 1930, he studied at the U.P.
School of Fine Arts.
• He was given a posthumous recognition as
National Artist.
• He is the son of Perfecto Q. Manansala and
Engracia Silva. He married Hermenegilda
(Hilda) Diaz, with whom he had one child.
• As a newsboy and bootblack in Intramuros, he
expressed his early creativity designing kites
and making charcoal sketches.
• At 15, he studied under the turn-of-the-
century painter Ramon Peralta while doing
signboards for a painting shop.
• Manansala developed transparent cubism,
wherein the "delicate tones, shapes, and
patterns of figure and environment are
masterfully superimposed".
Barong-Barong (1965)
Madonna of the Slums(1950)
• One outstanding mural painter in the
country.
• popularly known throughout the town of
Angono, Rizal and to art lovers all over the
country as "Botong."
• He celebrated on yards of canvas the features
of Filipinos living in provincial towns and
barrios.
• In his paintings, he featured Filipinos living in
provincial towns and barrios. He showed
them working on the field. Going about their
daily chores, eating, relaxing, worshipping,
and enjoying fiestas. He also painted vital
events in Philippine History. The mural
 paintings he did were not only on Christian
lowlanders but on Muslims and other cultural
communities as well.
• The poet of Angono, single-handedly revived
the forgotten art of mural and remained its
most distinguished practitioner for nearly
three decades.
• In panels such as those that grace the City Hall
of Manila, Francisco turned fragments of the
historic past into vivid records of the
legendary courage of the ancestors of his race.
• He was invariably linked with the “modernist”
artists, forming with Victorio C. Edades and
Galo Ocampo what was then known in the
local art circles as “The Triumvirate”
• The result is a range of powerful paintings and
assemblages that bring the history of the
Philippines into sharp focus.
• Carlos Botong Francisco celebrated not only
country scenes but also vital events in
Philippine history.
• The creation of the first man and the first
woman stepping out of their bamboo
hollows, pre-Magellan tribesmen, the
Spanish soldiers of the Conquista, friar
power, Lapu Lapu, The Blood Compact, The
Manila Galleon, The British Occupation, the
Ilustrado leaders of the Propaganda
Movement, Francisco Balagtas writing his
epic poem, Bonifacio and the Katipuneros,
and many, many more.
• The turning point of Botong's career seems to
Mauro Malang Santos (1928)
have been his winning first prize at the first
competition of the Art Association of the
Philippines in 1948 for his entry, Kaingin,
where he set the style by which he has been
known. Not long thereafter commissions for
murals came his way or rather, went all the
way to Angono, where he chose to settle, to
become the first major regional artist. Like his
hero Paul Gauguin, he escaped the alienation
of the Big City to find happiness in a simple
way of life among rustic folk; but unlike
Gauguin, he didn't have to go to Tahiti to do
this, but chose the town he grew up in among
his very own people.
• He became a folk hero, a living legend, and a
cult figure among the art cognoscenti from the
Big City
• He refined the style he had made his own, his
personal version of Post-Impressionism
(Gauguin mostly) grafted onto the Philippine
context. a highly attractive pictorialism
where lines flow in long, sweeping gestures
and rhythms, where the eye is seduced at
every turn by graceful arcs and curves.
• Filipino biases prevail: horror vacui, cluster-
images, absence of perspective.
• The flat pictorialism of Valley cancels the usual
representational distinctions between
foreground and background.
• It is folk-baroque in its emphasis on
curvilinear sensuous shapes: there is hardly a
straight line in the whole picture. Bamboo
bends, the mainpost is a gnarled, twisting
pillar, the round objects on the floor display
uneven, hand molded shapes. The
arrangement of man's arms, hands, and feet
forms a rhythmic movement which culminates
in the hand strumming the yellow guitar.
• (January 20, 1928 – June 10, 2017
• started his career as plain "Malang,"
illustrator-cartoonist for the Manila
Chronicle and creator of two comic-strip
characters, Kosme the Cop (Retired) and
Chain Gang Charlie.
• In 1955, Malang co-founded a gallery.
 In the 1960’s, he emerged as a serious artist Napoleon Abueva (1976)
with a knack in abstract painting.
• He was named “Artist of the Year” in 1964 • Born Esabelio Veloso Abueva
• In 1981, the City of Manila honored him • January 26, 1930
• Tagbilaran, Bohol, Philippine Islands

Jose T. Joya • Died February 16, 2018 (aged 88)

• Quezon City, Philippines
• National Artists of the Philippines for visual
Arts • Resting place Libingan ng mga Bayani
• Occupation Sculptor
• JOSE T. JOYA 1931 – 1996

• Painter Jose Tanig Joya was the son of Jose

Joya Sr and Asuncion Tanig.
• He graduated from the University of the
Philippines (UP) in 1953 with a bachelors
degree in fine arts, earning the distinction of
being the university's first magma cum laude.
In 1954 to 1955 the Instituto de Cultura
• National artist Jose Joya was a pioneer
modern and abstract artist who was active as
a painter, printmaker, mixed-media artist
and ceramicist. It has been said that it was
Joya who “spearheaded the birth, growth and
flowering of abstract expressionism” in the
Philippines
➢ Napoleon Abueva has fine arts degrees from
the U.F. and the Cranbrook Academy of Art.
➢ His works in the modernist mold have won
local and international awards.
➢ He was named one of the Ten Outstanding
Young Men of the Philippines (1959) and
received the Republic Cultural Heritage
Award in 1962.
Some of his major works
Kaganapan (1953)
Kiss of Judas (1955)

Sandugo
Guillermo Tolentino
The Transfiguration (1979)
• is the classical master of Philippine sculpture.
• He studied fine arts at the U.P., the Beaux Siyam na Diwata ng Sining (1994)
Arts School in New York, and the Royal
Sunburst- Manila Peninsula (1994)
Academy of Fine Arts in Rome.
• His most famous sculpture is the Bonifacio
Monument at the Balintawak Circle.
Lucrecia R. Kasilag,
Composer (1904-19 )
Pianist Composer Administrator (1918)
• Born: August 31, 1917, San Fernando
• Died: August 16, 2008, Paco, Manila
• Award: National Artist of the Philippines
• Parents: Marcial Kasilag Sr, Asuncion Roces
• Education: Philippine Women's University, St.
Scholastica's College
➢ Lucrecia R. Kasilag obtained a Music
Teacher's Diploma, major in piano, from St.
Scholastica's College in 1939 and a Bachelor
of Music, major in piano, from the PWU, in
1949.
➢ She received three grants from the Fulbright
Foundation, the Eastman School of Music, and
the PWU. She enrolled in the Eastman, School
of Music, University of Rochester in New York,
where she finished a Master of Music degree,
major in theory and minor in composition.
➢ Her name is practically identified with the
Cultural Center of the Philippines.
Famous Composition
o Ang Pamana
o Philippine Scenes (1964)
o Her Son, Jose (1977)
o Sisa (1978)
o Love Songs
o Fantaisie on a 4-Note Theme (1957)
o East Meets Jazz Ethnika (1982)
o Legend of Sarimanok (1963)
o Awit ng mga Awit Psalms
Famous Composition
Col. Antonio Buenaventura,
• Born: May 4, 1904, Baliuag
• Died: January 25, 1996
• Awards: Order of National Artists
• Spouse(s): Rizaliana Exconde
• Parents: Lucino Buenaventura, Leocadia
Ramirez
• Movies: Tuko sa Madre Kakaw
➢ Col. Buenaventura obtained a Teacher's
Diploma in Composition: and Conducting
from the U.P. in 1929 and became a faculty
member of the UP Conservatory of Music
afterwards.
➢ He was commissioned into the military service
in 1937 and two years later, became music
instructor and band conductor at the
Philippine Military Academy in Baguio City. He
did a lot of research and concert tours even in
the Visayas and Mindanao. His wife, Rizalina
Exconde, was one of the soloists.
➢ He was issued orders to reorganize the world
famous Philippine Constabulary Band which
he later headed and later appointed assistant
conductor of the Manila Symphony
Orchestra.
➢ He has composed short piano pieces, hymns
and songs, pieces for the band, chamber
music, chorus and orchestra, music pieces for
the theatre and full-length ballets. He had
organized student orchestras like the U.P.
Junior Orchestra and the U.E. Student
Symphony Orchestra and was a member of
the U.P. President's Committee on Folk Songs
and Dances.
o Pandanggo sa Ilaw
 o Triumphal March
o Echoes of the Past
o History Fantasy
o Symphony of C
o Echoes from the Philippines
o Ode to Freedom
Atang de la Rama Hernandez
Born: January 11, 1902, Tondo
Died: July 11, 1991, Manila
Spouse: Amado V. Hernandez (m. 1932–1970)
Award: National Artist of the Philippines
➢ Arang de la Rama Hernandez has performed
in more than fifty sarsuelas, plays, and
movies.
➢ She introduced the kundiman to foreign
audiences in her concerts abroad.
➢ Her most famous performances were in
Dalagang Bukad, Paglipas ng Dilim, and Ang
Kiri. She was married to another National
Artist, Amado V. Hernandez.
Famous Works
o At 14 she played Angelita in "Dalagang
Bukid", a zarzuela in 1917 and popularized the
song "Nabasag ang Banga". The show was
made into a movie in 1919, the first Tagalog
full length feature movie.
o Other films she appeared in were "Dugong
Silangan" (1930), "Ay Kalisud" (1938),
"Batong Buhay" (1950) and "Ang Buhay at
Pag- ibig ni Dr. Jose Rizal".
o De La Rama sung Kundimans created by some
of the most important composers of the
1920’s and 1930’s.
o She popularized the songs "Bituing Marikit",
"Madaling Araw", "Mutya ng Pasig" and
"Anak Dalita".
o She wrote skits in Spanish, English and
Tagalog, including "Hele-Hele",
"Kabayanihan" and "Milagros ng Birhen", to
name a few.
o Atang also wrote four operatas, namely,
"Bulaklak sa Kabundukan", "Aking Ina",
"Anak ni Eva", "Puri at Buhay".
Felipe Padilla de Leon
Composer,Pioneer of Natonalistic Compositions
(1912)
➢ Enrolled at the U>P Conservatory of Music
➢ In 1939, De Leon was appointed assistant
instructor at the U.P in the department of
Science and Composition
➢ Technical Assistant on Cultural affairs in the
Office of The President of The Philippines.
➢ President of The Filipino Society of
Composers, authors and publisher.
➢ President of the Pambansang Samahan ng
mga Bansa sa Pilipinas.
➢ Diwa ng Nueba Esiha.
➢ Trustee of the Music Promotion Foundation of
the Philippines.
➢ Director of the SONGFEST Philippines and the
Film Institute of the Philippines
➢ Genre: Classical, Orchestra
➢ Instruments: Trombone, Horn, Piano
➢ Born: May 1, 1912 Nueva, Ecija
➢ Died: December 5, 1992 (80) Manila
➢ OPERAS: Noli me Tangere (Touch me Not),
opera in 3 acts (1957) El Filibusterismo
(Subversion), opera (1970)
➢ CONCERTOS: Konzertstück for Violin and
Orchestra (c. 1950s) Flute Concerto (1980)
➢ ORCHESTRAL WORK: Mariang Makiling
Overture (1939)
 ➢ Roca Encantada, symphonic legend (1950)
➢ Maynila Overture (1976)
➢ Tatlong Tunog Larawan (Three Sound
Portraits), for orchestra (1976)
➢ Orchesterstück (1981)
➢ Manila Sketches for Orchestra (1949)
➢ Bataan, tone poem (1947)
➢ Cry of Balintawak, tone poem (1948)
➢ Mga Katutubong Tanawin
MARCHES AND OTHER WORKS: Bagong Pagsilang
(New Birth)
• Tayo’y Magtanim (Let Us Plant)
• Ang Karomata (The Carriage)
• Tindig, Aking Inang Bayan
• Fantasy for Trombone and Band
• Mayumi Theme and Variations
• Awit ng Maynila (Song of Manila)
• Himno ng Marikina (Marikina Hymn)
• Awit ng Serbisyo Sibil (Civil Service Hymn)
Antonio Molina, Composer (1894)
Born: Dec. 26, 1894 Quiapo, MNL
Died: Jan. 29, 1980
Spouse: Pilar Siauingco
Award: National Artist of the Philippines
➢ The composer of the Zarzuela Ave Maria and
the lovely Hating Gabi. Faculty at the U.P
Conservatory of Music. Member of the UP
President's Committee on Filipino Folksong's
Dances. Secretary of the Conservatory Music
and a Soloist.
➢ Misa Antoniana Grand Festival Mass (1964)
and Ang Batingaw (1972).
➢ Among his chamber music compositions are
Prelude and Romanz for cello and piano
(1928) and Bontok Rhapsody. Some of his piano
works are Malikmata (1939) and We Were
Moonlight (1941).
➢ Conductor of the Monserrat Philharmonic Band
➢ The Yellow Taxi Orchestra
➢ The Yellow Taxi Rondalla
➢ Operas: Madame Butterfly, La Giaconda, La
Fuerza Del Destino and Cavalleria Rusticana
Lucio D. San Pedro, Composer
(1913)
Born: Feb. 11, 1913 Angono
Died: March 31. 2002 Quezon City
Spouse: Gertrudes San Pedro
Award: National Artist of the Philippines
➢ He played the Poet and Peasant Overture on
the Banjo. Conducted The UPROTC Band.
➢ Conductor of the Musical Philippine
Philharmonic Orchestra and musical featured
in presentations at the Metropolitan
Threatre.
➢ He conducted bands like Peng Kong Grand
Mason Concert.
➢ He was also invited to guest conduct the
National Defense Band of Taipeh in 1967 -
1970.
➢ Awarded a one year scholarship at the
Juilliard School of Music in NY. Had training
with Bernard Wagenaar of the Netherlands.
Harmony and orchestration under the
eminent Vittorio Gianini.

Levi Celerio
• Born: April 30, 1910 Tondo MNL
• Died: April 2, 2002 Quezon City
• Spouse: Lina Celerio
• Award: National Artist of the Philippines
o Walang MAtigas na Tinapay sa Mainit na
Kape
o Kahit Konting Pagtingin
o Bagong Lipunan Theme song (May bagong
silang, may bagong buhay) commissioned by
the former regime.

➢ Enrolled in University of the Philippines;

Dropout.
➢ Alexander Lipay; founder of the Symphony of
the Philippines gave him a scholarship, also at
the U.P.
➢ He composed "Ang Dalagang Bukid" (country
girl), a song sung by Rosa Del Rosario and
Leopoldo Salcedo in a movie.
➢ Also, Sylvia La Torre and Ruben's Tagalog's
composer is Levi Celerio.
➢ Journalist named Joe Quirino has estimated
his compositions to be from 4,000 to 5,000
from his first few pre-war songs; puro
kutsinta masarap malambot malta to more
popular ones; May Pumukol sa pipit sa sanga
ng isang kahoy.

He work fast!
He credits his ability to his mentors (usually
foreigners).
He also believed that Gpd took pity on him.
He was once a character actor in three of Nida
Blancas Movies namely; babaeng Sputnik,
Batanguena, and my Serenade.
He holds the distinction of being the world's
only leaf player.

Popular songs he composed:

o Ang Pasko Ay Sumapit

o Sapagkat Kami'y Tao Lamang
o Sa ugoy ng duyan