EARTH AND LIFE SCIENCE

QUARTER 2
MODULE 1-2
NOTE: The FOLLOWING LIST OF ACTIVITY are the ONLY REQUIRED TO BE SUBMITTED as part of grade computation.
MODULE 1:
i) What’s More (Activity No 9 ONLY)
i) What I Have Learned
iii) ASSESSMENT
MODULE 2:
i) WHAT I CAN DO: PERFORMANCE TASK
(Note: Do this in separate sheet; A4)
iii) ASSESSMENT
MODULE 3:
i) EVALUATION
a Explain it to me
b Match with me by thress
MODULE 4:
i) CAN YOU DO THIS
ii) PERFORMANCE TASK
(Note: Do this in separate sheet; A4)
iii)EVALUATION
a Task 1
b Task 2

Earth and Life Science

Quarter 2–Module 1:
Evolving Concept of Life Based on Emerging Pieces of Evidence

What I Need to Know

This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to help you master the Historical
Development of the Concept of Life. The scope of this module permits it to be used in many different
learning situations. The language used recognizes the diverse vocabulary level of students. The lessons
are arranged to follow the standard sequence of the course. But the order in which you read them can
be changed to correspond with the textbook you are now using.
The module covers:
Lesson 1 – Historical Development of the Concepts of Life

After going through this module, you are expected to:

1. identify the sequence of events of the history of life on earth;
2. name the pieces of evidence on the evolution of life on earth;
3. recognize the importance of knowing the history of life on earth

Lesson 1 Evolving Concept of Life Based on Emerging Pieces of Evidences

Have you been curious of when and where did life possibly start on Earth? During the 1800s
geologists and the naturalists found several forms of physical evidence that confirmed that Earth is very
old. The evidences include: fossils of ancient sea life on dry land far from oceans, this supported the idea
that the Earth changed over time and some dry land today was once covered by oceans; the many layers
of rock allowed the people to realize that rock layers represent the order in which rocks and fossils
appeared, thus they were able to trace the history of Earth and life on Earth; lastly, the indications that
volcanic eruptions, earthquakes and erosion that happened long ago shaped much of the Earth’s surface
and supported the idea of an older Earth. This module will help you understand the historical
development of the concept of life based on emerging pieces of evidence. This will trace back the events,
processes, and living organisms existed on earth from the earliest time to present.

What’s New
Activity 2: Timeline of Events
Read and analyze the timeline. Arrange the following pictures in order. Write number 1 to 6 under each
picture to show the order of the appearance of life forms on earth.
Activity 3: Evidence of Life
Directions: Give an evidence on
the given events that occurred on
geologic time scale that enables
the paleontologist to sequence
the history of life.
Activity 4: It’s a match!
Directions: Column A are evidences while column B refers to certain timeline. Match them by writing
the letter of your answer on the space before the number.
Column A Column B
_____1. homo erectus A. 4.3 BYA
_____2. eukaryotes B. 2.0 BYA
_____3. zircon crystal C. Mesozoic Era
_____4. dinosaurs D. 250 thousand years ago
_____5. trilobite fossils E. Cambrian Period
Activity 5: Name It
Directions: Name the pieces of
evidence on the evolution of life.
Write your answer on the space
provided. Pick your answer from
the terms inside the box.
- zircon crystal
- stromatolites
- first eukaryotes
- multicellular organisms
- trilobite fossils
- first prokaryotes
- Homo erectus
- Cyanobacteria

What is it
The universe is about 4.6 billion years old. Life on earth, probably began only between 3.5 and
4.0 billion years ago. Evidences from fossil records show the emergence of the different life forms. The
common ancestor of all life was prokaryotic. Since, oxygen was scarce on the early Earth, so the ancestral
cell must also have been an anaerobic. There are some challenges encountered in searching for the
evidence of early life. Cells are microscopic and most have no parts to fossilize. The tectonic plate
movements have destroyed nearly all rocks older than about 4 billion years, and most of the younger
rocks have been heated or undergone processes that destroy the traces of biological material. At present,
the oldest cell microfossils (microscopic fossils) are filaments from 3.5 billion-year-old rocks in Western
Australia. The filaments resemble chains of modern photosynthetic bacteria and the rocks in which they
occur are the remains of ancient stromatolites.
The researchers look for biomarkers specific to eukaryotes. It is a substance that occurs only or
predominantly in cells of a specific type. Eukaryotes are organisms having true nucleus. The DNA is
enclosed within the nucleus whereas DNA of most prokaryotes lies enclosed in the cell’s cytoplasm. The
first eukaryotes were protists.
For life to evolve from simple single-celled organisms to many millions of species of
prokaryotic species to simple eukaryotic species to all the protists, fungi, plants and animals, took some
time. The first life forms were very basic and this then allowed for the evolution of more complex life
forms. Eukaryotic cells evolved from prokaryotic cells. The evolution of life is brought about the changes
in the environment which are linked to changes in climate and geology. These Earth’s environmental
changes made the Earth’s environment more suitable for a wider variety of life forms.
Activity 6: Arrange Me
Directions: From the given statements below arrange them to show the origin and evolution of eukaryotes.
Number the boxes from 1-8, 1 as the earliest.
What’s More
Directions: Arrange the jumbled word to reveal the evidence in the history of life on earth. Write the
answer on the space below the grid.

Activity 8: Origin of Life

Directions: Create a concept map that will discuss how life originated and evolved based on
emerging pieces of evidence using the concepts inside the box.

history of life adaptation
eukaryotic cell photosynthesis
prokaryotic cell scarcity of oxygen
stromatolites biomarkers
fossils organic monomers
Variation Among Organisms
Molecular DNA

Activity 9: TMG (Transformations, Mass Extinctions and Geologic Changes)

Directions: Earth’s history is marked by a series of transformations, mass extinctions and geologic
changes that have taken place over the course of 4.6 billion years. Place the given events on the
corresponding time it occurred.
First evidence of life (3,850 MYA)
Oldest fossils (3. 500 MYA)
First evidence of soft bodied animals (900 MYA)
The Cambrian Explosion (530 MYA)
First land plants and fish (480 MYA)
First reptiles (350 MYA)
First Mammals and dinosaurs (220 MYA)
First birds (150 MYA)
First hominids (5.2 MYA )
Modern humans (0.1 MYA)
Formation of great oceans (4,200 MYA)
Continents begin shifting (3100 MYA)
Rodinia supercontinents breaks up ( 700 MYA)
Pangea supercontinent breaks up (200 MYA)
Inland seas dry up (200 MYA)
Global ice ages begin (2 MYA)
About 50%of marine invertebrate genera (Late Triassic 206 MYA)
Dinosaurs and 60 to 80 percent of all species (End Cretaceous 65 MYA)
 25 % of Marine invertebrate families (End Ordovician 443 MYA)
Many wood land, plant-eating herbivores (Miocene 9 MYA)
Transformation Mass Extinctions Geologic Changes

Activity 10: Extinct Flora & Fauna

Directions: The study of the history of life revealed that there were living organisms that became extinct
brought by environmental conditions. In recent times, there are news on various species that
underwent this process. Enumerate flora and fauna that become extinct and the reasons for their
inexistence.

Activity 11: Sequence of Events

Directions: Below are some key events happened in the past. Create a timeline that will show the
sequence of events of the history of life. Use the information below as your guide. You may just use the
keywords as part of your timeline.
The genus Homo gave rise to modern humans, Homo sapiens, us. It is estimated that they
have been around for 2.3-2.4 million years, coinciding with the first evidence of stone tool
usage.
The first mammals are our most direct ancestors, evolved from Amniotes. One of the
earliest known mammals was Eozostrodon lived about 210 million years ago.
Studies of fossils from the Devonian Period 416-359 MYA indicates that land plants had
evolved features we recognized today, such as leaves, roots and secondary wood.
Simple eukaryotes, but more advanced organisms, thought to developed 1.6 – 2.1 billion
years ago
Oldest known fossilized prokaryotes have been dated approximately 3.5 billion years ago
Around 1.1 billion years ago multicellular organisms are thought to have started to
develop.
Animals in the most basic sense of the word, have evolved from eukaryotes. Fossils of early
sponges have been discovered in 665 million years old rock.
560 million years ago, some highly significant fossils of an organism which was named
Charnia were discovered. These enigmatic early animals were anchored to the sea floor where
they are thought to have absorbed nutrients.

Activity 12: Why Should I Study History of Life?

Directions: Write at least fifty-word reflection paper on: “Why should I study history of life?”.
What I Have Learned
Directions: Complete the paragraph by filling-in the blanks with the correct word from the box.
stromatolites ocean
human Beings zircon crystal
4.6 billion years ago Mesozoic Era
Cenozoic 3.0 billion years ago
Earth Homo erectus
About (1) __________, the earth was formed as the solar system came into existence with the other
planets rotating around the sun. (2) __________ is said to be geologically violent because of the continuous
bombardment by meteorites and volcanic eruptions. With this condition, minerals were formed from the
elements and compounds contained in the molten material. The oldest material found on earth is the (3)
__________ that is estimated to be 4.3 billion years old. Life on earth is believed to begin 3.5 billion years
ago with single –celled prokaryotes, as discovered in sedimentary rock formations called (4) __________.
As early as (5) __________, the first photosynthetic organism thrived the earth which is blue green algae
called cyanobacteria. It was 2.0 billion years ago when the first eukaryotes appeared and the influx of
multicellular organisms occurred 1.2 billion years ago. During the Paleozoic Era which lasted 542 to 251
MYA, the Cambrian and Ordovician Period has been known as the age of invertebrates when trilobites
and cephalopods became dominant in the (6) __________. The (7) __________ is the age of reptiles that has
a span of 251 to 65.5 MYA divided into Triassic, Jurassic and Cretaneous Period. (8) __________ is the era
of recent life and based on paleontological evidence (9) __________ have evolved 250 thousand years ago.
(10__________ are the only surviving species and one of the living evidences that life have existed on earth.

What I Can Do
Directions: You may pick one of the questions to answer in this area.
1. If the multicellular organisms arise from the unicellular organisms, can you tell that all the
species/organisms are related with one another? Why do you think so?

2. If you are one of the environmentalists and was assigned in one of the forests in the Philippines
which happened to be the location of some endangered species, what are the plans that you would
organize to ensure the conservation of the species of the flora and fauna present in your assigned
area?

3. Write a short poem that will discuss the importance of knowing the concepts of the history of life
to human beings and other living organisms.

Assessment
Multiple Choice. Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a separate sheet of
paper.
1. Oxygen was scarce during the early development of Earth. By this situation, what kind of organism
first existed?
A. aerobic organism
B. anaerobic organism
C. mammal
D. protist
2. Which of the following statements is NOT true on the evolution of multicellular organisms?
A. The process of continuous specialization brought more complex organisms.
B. The prokaryotic organisms that formed multicellular aggregates were like the cells of Cyanobacteria.
C. They are believed to have evolved from single-celled prokaryotic organisms.
D. They are formed from other multicellular colonial aggregates through cells specialization.
3. Why do you think the emergence of plants and animals came later than simple living organisms?
A. The cell structures of these multicellular organisms are more complex.
B. Their existence is not that important on Earth
C. Their size is too big that it takes longer time for development.
D. These organisms composed of many nucleus compared to unicellular.
4. Which statement is incorrect about living organisms?
A. Evolution of oxygen-producing organisms allow the increase in the atmospheric oxygen.
B. Organisms did not change despite of the changes in the environment.
C. The eukaryotic organisms evolved from the unicellular prokaryotic.
D. The earliest forms of life existed were the prokaryotes.
5. Place the following in the order in which they evolved or existed: eukaryotic cell, prokaryotic cell,
photosynthesis, organic molecules.
A. eukaryotic cell, photosynthesis, prokaryotic cell, organic molecules
B. eukaryotic cell, prokaryotic cell, organic molecules, photosynthesis
C. organic molecules, eukaryotic cell, photosynthesis, prokaryotic cell
D. organic molecules, prokaryotic cell, photosynthesis, eukaryotic cell

6. What is the evidence for a last universal common ancestor among life on Earth?
A. All are classified as aerobic organisms.
B. All look the same.
C. They have similar synthesis pattern.
D. They share similar molecular features.
7. What unique substance do researchers look after in their study of eukaryotes?
A. biomarkers
B. fossils
C. mitochondria
D. stromatolites
8. Which of the following can be considered as a fossil?
A. a billion-year old rock
B. a billion-year old piece of amber
C. a billion-year old amber with a primitive insect inside
D. the choices are all correct
9. Mainly the fossils are found on sedimentary rocks. What type of rocks are stromatolites?
A. igneous
B. metamorphic
C. sedimentary
D. Trilobites
10. Which of the following is NOT true about the evidence that fossils provide?
A. All fossils gathered contain intact DNA that can be sequenced.
B. Fossil ages can often be determined by testing nearby rocks.
C. Fossil organisms often share physical similarities with living organisms.
D. Some fossil organisms are transitional forms between groups of organisms.
11. It was stated that the organisms are evolving. The evolution can be due to environmental changes.
More so, the conservation of their traits depends mainly on how they will survive. In this regard,
humans alter the natural world bringing harmful consequences from their activity, known as ___.
A. environmental issues
B. ecosystem conflict
C. environmental topics
D. human intervention
12. What is the significance of studying the molecular evidence present among living organisms?
A. It will allow the classification of living organisms.
B. It will benefit the economy of the world.
C. It will give idea for the scientist which to clone.
D. It will then serve as the basis of what to study.

13. Over the past several decades, natural selection has caused populations of Staphylococcus aureus
to evolve resistance to most antibiotics. What do you think would be the significance of being
knowledgeable about the history of this organism towards antibiotics?
A. It will give an idea of continuing the use of antibiotic against Staphylococcus aureus.
B. It will give an idea for the medical team to discontinue the use of particular antibiotic resistant to
that microorganism.
C. It will just give them background about the microorganism.
D. It will just give them idea of increasing the frequency of the organisms.
14. The study of history of life is indeed significant. As part of searching for the fossils of previous
organisms, stromatolite played a significant role. What is true about stromatolite?
A. It is found on eukaryotes.
B. It is produced by endosymbiosis.
C. It consists of layered bacteria and sediment.
D. It is formed during volcanic eruptions.
15. The following statements are challenges for the researchers in finding and identifying signs of early
cells. Which among the choices should NOT be
included?
A. Cells are microscopic and most have no parts to fossilize
B. Materials and testing laboratories are not available.
C. Slightly younger rocks have been heated up and undergone other processes
D. Tectonic plate movements have destroyed nearly all rocks older than about 4 billion years.

Additional Activities

1. It was stated that researchers faced challenges looking for fossils of the earliest-life forms. These
fossils served as evidence of the origin of life. Based on your knowledge of tectonic plates, why few
samples of early rocks remain?

2. Create an interactive infographic that will show the history of earth.

References
Books
Ramos, J.D.A. and A.C.M. Ramos. Exploring Life Through Science BIOLOGY. Quezon City: Phoenix
Publishing House, Inc., 2006.
Rea, M.A.D and N.H.A Dagamac. General Biology 2. Manila: Rex Book Store Inc.,2017.
Robert, Dorothy, Mike, Dana, Donald, David, Cecie, Ralph, Christine, Lisa and James F. Petersen.
Earth and Life Sciences. Manila: Rex Book Store Inc., 2016
Sia, S.R.D. and L.A.S. Cortez. Earth and Life Science. Quezon City. Sibs Publishing House, Inc., 2016.
Websites
David Warmflash & Nathan Lents, “Origins of Life 1: Early Ideas and Experiments”, accessed June 12,
2020, https://www.visionlearning.com/en/library/Biology/2/Origins-of-Life-I/226/quiz
“Deep Time and the History of Life,” PBS Learning Media, accessed June 5, 2020,
https://www.pbslearningmedia.org/resource/tdc02.sci.life.div.lp_divdeeptime/deep-time-and-the-
history-of-life/
Jamie Brightmore, “Deep Time: A History of Earth-Interactive Infographic,” Jaybee Productions,
accessed June 3, 2020, https://deeptime.info/Jamie Brightmore/Jaybee Productions, 2011-2020
“Practice: Fossils: Rocking the Earth quiz,” Khan Academy, accessed June 12, 2020,
https://www.khanacademy.org/partner-content/nova/nova-labs-topic/evolution-101/e/fossils--
rocking-the-earth-quiz.

Earth and Life Science

Quarter 2–Module 2:
Unifying Themes in the Study of Life

What I Need to Know

This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to help you master the Unifying
Themes of Biology. The scope of this module permits it to be used in many different learning situations.
The language used recognizes the diverse vocabulary level of students. The lessons are arranged to follow
the standard sequence of the course. But the order in which you read them can be changed to correspond
with the textbook you are now using.
The module covers:
 Lesson 1 – Unifying Themes of Study of Life (Biology)

After going through this module, you are expected to:

1. name the unifying themes in the study of life;
2. describe the unifying themes illustrated;
3. explain the connection among living things and their interaction with the environment;
4. give details on how these themes serve as the foundation in the study of biology.
5. value life by taking good care of all beings, human, plants and animals.

Lesson 1: Unifying Themes in the Study of Life

Earth is the home of human beings and organisms, including animals, plants and
microorganisms. They are found in the different parts of the said planet. The ecosystems-the biological
communities- include living organisms (biotic factors) like animals, plants, insects and bacteria
(interacting to its environment), as well as the nonliving components (abiotic factors) like the rock, soil,
water and sunlight. Non-living things are classified as inanimate objects that may influence, alter or
impact the life of biotic factors. These abiotic factors are essential to biotic factors in various ways.
The field of science that deals with the study of life is the Life Science/Biology. It involves different
disciplines. These disciplines are connected to one another, through which the biologist termed as
unifying themes.
This module emphasizes these unifying themes that serve as the bases of the study of Life Science.
The ten unifying themes include: emergent properties, the cell, the heritable information,
structure/function, interaction with the environment, regulation, unity and diversity, evolution, scientific
inquiry, and the science, technology and society. More so, this module explores how organisms interact
with one another and to its environment.

What’s In
Biology is the discipline of science that deals with the study of life. This comprises number of
disciplines such as biochemistry and ecology. As a wide-ranging and complex science, biologists
designed the term “unifying themes”, which serve as the bases for the study of life.
Activity 1: DAD (Decode, Arrange, Describe)
Directions: Decode the given numbers to their corresponding letters of the alphabet, then arrange the
letters to reveal the magic word related to Biology. Lastly, describe the term revealed.

What’s New
Activity 2: Name It
Directions: Name the unifying theme illustrated below. Choose your answer from words inside the box.
biological system reproduction and inheritance
cell regulation
interaction with the environment adaptation
energy and life evolution
form and function biology and society
 1. ___________________ 2. _____________________ 3. ____________________

4. ____________________ 5. _____________________

Activity 3: Match It
Directions: Match the given statements to its corresponding unifying themes.
1. Living things work as a system, at the same A. biological system
time they cannot be separated from non-living
things since they are both operating as a system.
2. Cells are the basic unit of life, which denotes B. energy and life
that all living things are composed of cells.
3. Autotrophs use light to perform the process C. biology and society
photosynthesis, on the other hand, heterotrophs
consume other organisms to obtain food.
4. Living things cannot live alone, their survival D. interaction with the depends on how
they interact with the environment environment.
5. Organisms’ structures fit with its functions. E. the cellular basis of
life
6. Traits of parents are being passed from F. form and function
one generation to the next generation.
7. Cells of the body are surrounded by a G. reproduction and
small amount of fluid, and normal cell functions Inheritance
depend on the maintenance of cell’s fluid
environment including temperature, volume, H. adaptation
and chemical content.
8. Living organisms survive depending on I. regulation / homeostasis
how one will adapt to its changing environment.
9. The diversity of life arises by change
leading to the present biodiversity that we see. J. evolution
10. The field of science is changing the lives of
all organisms through research. K. scientific inquiry

What is it
The unifying theme connects the different sub-disciplines that make biology as a science. In addition
to, the living organisms differ from nonliving organisms in various aspects. What are these shared
properties (of living organisms) that make something “alive”?
All levels of life have systems of related parts.
A system is an organized group of interacting parts.
A cell is a system of chemicals and processes. It is the basic unit of life.
A body system includes organs that interact.
An ecosystem includes living and nonliving things that interact.

Structure and function are related in biology.

Structure determines function.
The structure is the shape of the object.
 The function is the object’s specific role.

Organisms must maintain homeostasis to survive in diverse environments.

Homeostasis is the maintenance of constant internal conditions.
All living organisms must live in a stable environment.

Evolution explains the unity and diversity of life.

Evolution is the change in living things over time. The genetic makeup of a population of a species
changes.
It accounts for both the diversity and the unity of life.

Traits are being inherited and transferred.

The continuity of life depends on the inheritance of biological
information in the form of DNA molecules.
The genetic information is encoded in the nucleotide sequences of the
DNA.

Organisms reproduce.
It is necessary part of living; process of making more of one’s own kind.
Organisms are interdependent with one another.
Organisms have evolved to live and interact with other organisms.
Ecology deals with the interactions of living organisms with one another and their environment.

Organisms acquire and process energy.

Living organisms use a source of energy for their metabolic activities.
Some living organisms capture the light energy and convert it into chemical energy in food.
Some living organisms use chemical energy stored in molecules obtained from food.

In addition to the properties mentioned, the two additional unifying themes in the study of life
include the scientific inquiry and science, technology and society.
Scientific Inquiry
The process of science includes observation-based discovery and the testing of explanations through
the hypothetic-deductive.
Scientific credibility depends on the repeatability of observation and experiments.

Science, Technology and Society

Many technologies are goal-oriented applications of science.
The relationships of science and technology to society are now more crucial to understand than ever
before.

Activity 4: What a Beautiful Life!

Directions: Given the characteristics of life in the first column, answer the related questions posted in
the second column.
Characteristics of Life Questions
Displays organization What is the level of organization of living
organisms?
Ability to reproduce Why do organisms reproduce?
Ability to adapt on changing environment Why do organisms adapt?
Requires energy In what way do living organisms acquire
energy?
Why is energy significant?
Maintains homeostasis How can we maintain homeostasis?
What’s More
Activity 5: Connect Me
Directions: Show the connections of the given biotic and abiotic factors written inside the box through a
concept map.
Activity 6: What’s the connection?
Biology, also referred as Biological Science or Life Science deals with the study of living organisms.
It is divided into sub-disciplines. As a broad discipline, biologists use the term unifying themes where
the study is being anchored. The major unifying themes that were mentioned include the cell theory as
a description of living systems, continuity of life as explained by the molecular basis of inheritance, the
interdependence of structure and function, the diversity of life brought by evolution, unity of living
systems as explained by evolutionary conservations, and emergent properties that arise from the
organization of life.

Directions: Describe each unifying theme illustrated below. Give details on how these themes serve as
the foundation in the study of biology.

1. Growth and Development 2. Organization of Life

Continuity of Life Acquire and Process Energy

Directions: Using the illustration below, explain briefly the interconnections of living things and their
environment. State how human being may value life.

Activity 7: Picture It Out

Directions: Create a visual representation of each theme. Write a sentence that will explain how your
picture is connected to the theme.

Unifying Themes Illustration/Explanation

1. Biological System
2. Cellular Basis of Life
3. Interaction with its environment
4. Energy and Life
5. Form and Function
6. Reproduction and Inheritance
7. Regulation
 8. Adaptation
9. Evolution
10. Biology and Society

Activity 8: Complete Me
Directions: The two additional unifying themes of Biology are: “science benefits from a cooperative
approach and diverse viewpoints” and “scientists make observations and then form and test hypotheses”.
Using the template below, share your ideas about the mentioned themes as you relate it to science,
technology and society.
Subject Theme: _________
My chosen word is ______.
First, I know that ____.
In addition, I know that ____.
Finally, I know that ___.
Now, you know something that I know ____.
What I Have Learned
Understanding how life came about is a deep scientific undertaking. Organisms’ function, structures,
growth and origin are indeed one of many diverse topics that should be explored to grasp the
complexities of life. Generally, the following statements provide key concepts on the unifying themes in
the study of life.
1. Biology is about the study of life.
2. The unifying themes connect the different sub-disciplines that make up biology as a science.
3. The unifying themes of biology comprise the cell theory as a description of living systems, continuity
of life, interdependence of function and structure, evolution, unity of living systems and the properties
that arise from the organization of life.
4. The living organisms are composed of cells as what was discussed in the cell theory. The cell theory
is the foundation of our understanding of reproduction and growth of organisms.
5. The continuity of life is best explained by the molecular basis of inheritance. Heredity, which is the
continuity of life from one generation to the next, is dependent on correct copying of cell’s DNA into
daughter cells.
6. The function and structure are interdependent.
7. The evolutionary change give rise to the diversity of life.
8. Living organisms (biotic factors) are dependent on its environment which consists of nonliving
organisms (abiotic factors). Living organisms also interact with other living organisms.
9. Biotic factors (living things) are defined by set of characteristics including the ability to reproduce,
grow, move and ability to adapt to its environment. They need food, water and other abiotic factors for
their growth and development.
10. Abiotic factors are inanimate objects which include rocks, water, weather and other living things
present in the environment.
11. Biological systems are organized.
12. The study of Biology is important. It enables us to make appropriate decisions in life. Failure to
grasp biological concepts lead into an in appropriate decisions.
13. One must value life by taking good care of all beings, humans, plants and animals.

What I Can Do
“Covid-19 is one of the current problems that the world is experiencing. It is an infectious
disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome which affects different people in different ways.
How do you think Biology can be used to solve this problem? (Include also on your discussion on how
life may be valued.)
Make a creative Infographics or Comics for your discussion and presentation.
Do this on a sheet of coupon (A4)
Rubrics

Assessment
Directions: Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a separate sheet of paper.
1. Genes are passed from one generation to the next generation through ______________.
A. evolution
B. regulation
C. form and function
D. reproduction and inheritance
2. Which among the given examples describes the unifying form and structure?
A. cellular basis of life
B. light as source of energy
C. bats have wings specialized for flying
D. living things arise from pre-existing cells

3. Makahiya plant closes its leaflets when touched. This is an example of ______________
A. energy and life
B. response to stimuli
C. form and structure
D. reproduction and inheritance

4. Describe the image illustrated.

A. It shows how organisms respond to its
environment.
B. Organisms are growing and developing.
C. There is a transfer of energy among living
organisms.
D. They are evolving.
5. Which statement does not describe the image on the right side?
A. Plants acquire energy for them to perform its

task, the food making.

B. Plants need the abiotic factors in order to
grow.
C. There is a transfer of energy from the sun to the plants.
D. They are evolving.

6. Which is TRUE among the given statements

that tell something about the illustration?
A. Early organisms lack cell.
B. Cell is the basic unit of life.
C. Cell is present among eukaryotic only.
D. Cell is present on fossils.

7. Living organisms cannot live alone, they are interacting with the abiotic factors for sustainability of
life. Which among the organisms is considered as the abiotic?
a. bacteria
b. plant
c. light
d. man
8. Chameleons shift colors wherever they go. They are able to turn any colors or combine colors
depending on where the environment is. What trait is being described?
a. adaptation
b. interaction
c. inheritance
d. reproduction
9. The diversity of life arises by change leading to the present biodiversity that we see. This is what we
call as ______________.
A. evolution
B. adaptation
C. inheritance
D. reproduction

10. The field of science is changing the lives of all organisms through technology and research. This is
explained by ______________.
A. adaptation
B. biology and society
C. energy and life
D. inheritance
11. All organisms alive today have descended from simple cellular creatures billions of years ago.
Biologists were able to identify and preserved some of the characteristics of that earliest organisms.
This is associated in what theme?
A. Function and structure are interdependent
B. Cell theory as a description of living systems.
C. Emergent properties arise from the organization of life.
D. Unity of living systems is explained by evolutionary conservation.
12. Research plays significant role for the improvement of lives in a given society. With these, more
scientists agree that all scientific knowledge comes from ______________.
A. experimentation
B. observation
C. textbooks
D. both experimentation and observation
13. The orchard sprayed with the chemical yields an average of 60 kilos of mango per tree, the other
orchard yields an average of 40 kilos of mangoes per tree. Based on the data, in order to have a better
yield trees must ______________.
I. receive the same amount of sunlight
II. receive the same amount of water
III. increase the orchard spray
a. I only
b. II only
c. I, II
d. I, II, III
14. Many threatened or endangered species can be saved by a large ______________.
A. coal mine
B. food chain
C. wildlife hunting
D. reforestation project
15. Living organisms can be protected through fighting deforestation. Which
statement/s describe/s this?
A. Plant more trees.
B. Reduce the use of products made from wood fiber.
C. Demand forest products from sustainable sources and deforestation fee supply chains.
D. The choices are all correct.

Additional Activities

1. Explain the quotation “Your body isn’t just a body, it’s an ecosystem” by Steve
Mills. You may present your work through an essay or illustration.
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2. Explain how Biology can be studied from a microscopic approach to global

approach. (Indicate the unifying themes where the study of Biology is being anchored).
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References
Books
Moncada, Maria Noemi M,, Rolly B. Bayo-ang, Maria Lourdes G. Coronacion, Annamae T. Jorda and
Anna Jamille Restubog. Earth and Life Science. Quezon City: Educational Resources Corporation, 2016.
Ramos, J.D.A. and A.C.M. Ramos. Exploring Life Through Science BIOLOGY. Quezon City: Phoenix
Publishing House, Inc., 2006.
Rea, M.A.D and N.H.A Dagamac. General Biology 2 Manila: Rex Book Store Inc., 2017.
Seeley, Rod A, Trent D. Stephens and Philip Tate. Essentials of Anatomy and Physiology. Singapore: Mc
Graw Hill, 2007.
Sia, S.R.D. and L.A.S. Cortez. Earth and Life Science. Quezon City. Sibs Publishing House, Inc., 2016.
Website
“Biological system”. Biology Online. Accessed May 28, 2020, https://www.biology-
online.org/dictionary/Biological_system