PRE-BOARD: AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION AND COMMUNICATION

In this paradigm, the know-how of the West is transplanted, modified and practiced in the
developing world.

a. Economic paradigm

b. Techological paradigm

c. Values paradigm

d. Structural paradigm

A process whereby a source shares messages with a receiver through various channels with the
intent of changing the knowledge, attitudes, skills, and/or practices of the receiver.

a. Mass communication

b. Interpersonal communication

c. Group communication

d. Communication

Communication can lead to success if ______________ approaches are adopted in development.

a. Top-down

b. Trickle down

c. humanistic

d. Bottom-up

The __________ channels used in disseminating the same information, the __________ effective the
communication effort.

a. Less . . . more

b. More . . . more

c. Less . . . less

d. Best . . . best

The information that ________farmers’ attention seems to be the _______ of the innovation.

a. Seeks . . . usefulness

b. Delays . . . uselessness
c. Persuaded . . . effectiveness

d. Attracts . . . effectiveness

6. Which of the following is part of the new paradigm in extension:

A. technology transfer B. centralized and standardized

C. extractive D. evolving design

7. The focus of the paradigm in research and extension at present is:

A. entrepreneurial agriculture B. natural resource management function

C. food sufficiency D. modern agriculture

8. The university extension system was formally adopted in 1873 in what university?

A. London B. Cambridge C. Oxford D. Harvard

9. The following served as trial plots and demonstration centers during the Spanish regime:

A. Granjas Gardenia B. Granjas Modelos

C. Gardemia Modelos D. Gardenia España

10. This infestation of potato blight caused this person to write a letter which became a classic

document in the early history of modern agricultural extension:

A. Earl of Monte Carlo B. Earl of Monaco

C. Earl of Clarendon D. Duke of York

11. The creation of the Bureau of Agricultural Extension (BAEx) was enacted through:

A. RA 680 B. RA 640 C. RA 3844 D. RA 3845

12. The Land Grant colleges in the US where established through the :

A. Morril Act of 1890 B. Morril Act of 1862

C. Land Grant Act D. Smith-Lever Act

13. The Republic Act 7160 devolved the agricultural extension services of the Department of Agriculture
to the:

A. state colleges and universities B. local government units

C. non-government organizations D. agricultural communities

14. The agency formed out of merging the Bureau of Agricultural Extension, the Philippine Agricultural
Training Council and the Philippine Training Center for Rural Development is the :

A. Farmer’s Training Center B. Agricultural Extension Bureau

C. Agricultural Advisory Centre D. Agricultural Training Institute

15. The term for extension in Austria is:

A. vulgarization B. forderung C. auflarung D. voorlichting

16. The term for extension for the Dutch people is:

A. voorlichting B. capacitacion C. auflarung D. penyuluhan

17. The word for extension in Indonesia is;

A. auflarung B. penyuluhan C.vulgarization D. advisory work

18. Capacitacion is the term used in Spain to refer to extension which means:

A. enlightenment B. improving one’s skills

C. advisory work D. simplifying the message

19. One important extension principle states that “People lean to do by ___”:

A. saying B. showing c. doing d. listening

20. The needs analysis in the new paradigm of extension should be done by:

A. extension workers B. local government officials

C. farmers D. national government

21. If you want to expose a large number of people in various areas to the same information at the
same time, the extension method to use is;

A. individual method B. group method

C. mass method D. interactive method

22. These are opportunities to hold method or result demonstration on a large scale:

A. general meetings B. tours & fieldtrips

C. field days D. brainstorming sessions

23. This method is used when presenting divergent ideas from experts:
A. symposium B. panel discussion

C. short course D. lecture

24. If you want to show how a practice should be done, you must use:

A. result demonstration B. method demonstration

C. brainstorming D. panel discussion

25. It is a group method in extension which encourages quantity of information/ideas

rather than quality:

A. lecture B. symposium C. brainstorming D. panel discussion

26. This individual method in extension teaching provides firsthand information to extension workers:

A. lecture B. method demonstration C. farm & home visit D. personal letters

27. These are displays that create interest or are used for information sharing that use posters, pictures,
models and specimen.

A. exhibits B. puppetry C. field days D. campaign

28. In this individual method, the farmer is the one seeking information and initiates the communication
with extension workers.

A. telephone calls B. office calls C. farm&home visit D. letters

29. Which type of extension method requires a small group of experts that exchange ideas?

A. general meeting B. Panel discussion C. Brainstorming D. leader training

30. A method used to communicate agricultural information that uses small figures or images of animals
and people that also entertains is

A. play B. puppetry C. graphs D. film clips

31. The most effective method to find the reaction of people to issues like government programs or
policies

A. general meeting B. result demonstration C. radio D. primer

32. It is a folded, single sheet containing information on a recommended technology or practice:

A. flyer B. pamphlet C. leaflet D. bulletin

33. An educational technique employed by an extensionist or extension system.

A. approach B. method C. objective D. system

34. Which of the following is an example of an electronic audio-visual material

A. posters B. radio C. bulletin D. slides

35 .The Law of learning states that when the individual is ready to act, to do so is satisfying and not to do
so is annoying.

A. law of exercise B. law of readiness

C. law of frequency D. law of effect

36. The following are objectives of agricultural extension EXCEPT:

A. to act as intermediary between agricultural institutions and target groups

B. to mobilize necessary resources

C. to establish programs that farmers can depend at all times

D. to aid in the adaptation of research results

37. Which of the following is TRUE about extension:

A. done by people from the academe B. involves a rigid process

C. uses communication as leverage instrument D. clients are farmers

38. The main focus of extension is to assist the rural people to:

A. get as much information as possible B. help themselves

C. get rich D. use the recommended practice

39. The father of university extension is:

A. James Smith B. James Stuart C. James Cove D. James Sorenson

40. This Act established the provincial extension service to widen the reach of extension work to remote
areas:

A. Commonwealth Act 80 B. Commonwealth Act 85 C. RA 640 D. RA 650

41. The Agriculture and Fisheries Modernization Act (AFMA) of the Philippines

is also known as:

A. RA 8210 B. RA 8435 C. RA 8350 D. RA 8315

42. The approach tends to focus on a specific commodity or aspect of farming.

a. farming system approach

b. specialized extension service

c. T &V approach

d. Strategic Extension Approach

43. Which of the following models of technology transfer is a one-way process.

a. feedback technology transfer

b. top-down technology transfer

c. Modified FTT

d. Farmer-back-to-farme

44. Which of the following is NOT a guiding principle in community organizing

a. go to the people

b. relief not relieve

c. integrated not piecemeal

d. none of the above

45. At this stage, the community takes full responsibility for managing their resources:

a. Pre-entry

b. Monitoring and evaluation

c. Phase-out

d. Community planning and Implementation

46. The first stage in the adoption process according to Rogers and Shoemaker is:

A. Trial stage B. Interest stage C. Awareness D. Evaluation

47. The first to adopt a technology recommended by the extension worker is called:

A. Early adopter B. Innovator C. Laggard D. Late adopter

48. Communication comes from the word “communis” which means common in
a. Latin

b. French

c. Greek]

d. Spanish

49. A link between the farmer, researcher, planner, and extensionist

a. Communication

b. Broadcaster

c. Scientist

d. Opinion leader

The traditional view of communication that needs to be changed in the context of extension is

a. One-way unilinear activity

b. Multidimensional activity

c. Receiver-centered

d. Audience-oriented

The source of information such as a person or group of persons, an organization, or a community.

a. Channel

b. Message

c. gatekeeper

d. sender

The target of communication, or the one who acquires a message

a. gatekeeper

b. receiver

c. scientist

d. source

Idea, innovation, or technology intended for the receiver. It may also be a policy, program or
project.
a. Effect

b. Feedback

c. Message

d. Channel

Element of communication called the “message vehicles.” Examples are radio, TV, newspapers.

a. Source

b. Message

c. Effect

d. Channel

The outcome of communication or the response of the receiver to the message of the source

a. Feedback]

b. Channel

c. Effect

d. Impact

The extension teaching method that indicates people’s recognition/acceptance of

the change agent’s technical expertise

A.office/technical service call B. farm visit

C.result demonstration D. informal discussion

57. The least useful method under rural Philippine condition

A.office call B.telephone call C .result demonstration D.meetings

58. A method which allows the combination of different teaching methods in one setting

A.field days B.result demonstration

C.field tours D.method demonstration

59.The most appropriate method to use in teaching mothers how to make

pickled vegetables is?

A.result demonstration B.television

C.method demonstration D.informal discussion

60. This method requires a local leader/cooperator to work with

A.campaign B.result demonstration

C.method demonstration D.farm visit

61.The method which could turn to be a pleasure and not an educational activity

if not carefully planned and executed

A.method demonstration B.farm & home visit

C.result demonstration D.field trip

62. An effective medium for campaigns and dramatizing local problems and

Situations is:.

A.group discussion B.popular theater

C.radio broadcast D.film forum

63.The extension teaching method that uses different methods focusing on a problem

and its solution

A.lecture B.primer C.meeting D.campaign

A communication response to both source and receiver

a. Strategy

b. Feedback

c. Effect

d. Technique

People who control the media or other access to communication channels

a. Gatekeeper

b. Opinion leader

c. Source
d. Extension worker

The particular communication skills of the receiver such as listening, reading, and inferring refers
to their

a. Encoding skills

b. Decoding skills

c. Detonating skills

d. Conversational skills

Speaking, writing, thinking in communication refer to the ___________ of the sender or source of the
message

a. Encoding skills

b. Reviewing skills

c. Decoding skills

d. Conversational skills

The level of commun ication when a person communicates with oneself

a. Interpersonal

b. Intrapersonal

c. Persona

d. Unicommunication

Most effective channel in getting people accept and adopt innovations

a. Mass media

b. Interpersonal

c. Intrapersonal

d. Group media

A set of perceptions about the source held by the receiver

a. Empathy

b. Homophily
c. Ability

d. Credibility

Any group of symbols that can be structured in a way that is meaningful to some persons.

a. Message code

b. Message content

c. Message treatment

d. Message device

72. Arrangement, presentation, and organization of code and content

a. Treatment

b. Code

c. Content

d. Layout

73. Ability to put oneself in another person’s shoes psychologically

a. Homophily

b. Credibility

c. Empathy

d. Ability

74. Any interference with the message traveling along the channel which may lead to the signal received
being different from that sent.

a. Noise

b. Hush

c. Static

d. interruption

75. Communication barriers present in the environment where communication takes place like rooms
that are too hot, uncomfortable sitting arrangements.

a. Semantic noise
b. Environmental factors

c. Socio-psychological barriers

d. Socio-cultural barriers

76. This communication barrier occurs when we use, hear or read words with double meanings.

a. Semantic noise

b. Environmental factors

c. Socio-psychological barriers

d. Socio-cultural barriers

77. Emotional blocks, charisma, stereotyping, first impressions, and absent-mindedness are what kind of
communication barriers?

a. Environmental factors

b. Semantic noise

c. Socio-cultural barriers

d. Socio-psychological barriers

78. A communication barrier which means viewing a group or culture as superior to all others.

a. Semantic noise

b. Environmental factors

c. Socio-psychological barriers

d. Ethnocentirsm

79. A universally accepted term for “third world” countries many of which are located in Africa, Latin
America, and Asia.

a. Developing countries

b. Underdeveloped countries

c. Industrialized countries

d. First world countries

80. Indicator of development in early times

a. Education and skills

b. Public safety and justice

c. Gross National Product

d. Health

81. First basic element of communication competence

a. Values

b. Knowledge

c. Skills

d. Sensitivity

82. It is the improvement of lifestyles and well-being while preserving natural resources and
ecoxystems.

a. development

b. sustainable development

c. rural development

d. gender-responsive development

83. During this decade, man himself became the measure of development.

a. First development decade

b. Fourth development decade

c. Third development decade

d. Second development decade

84. This relates mostly to the sender’s lack of communication skills and knowledge of the audience.

a. Encoding deficiency

b. Decoding deficiency

c. Transmitting deficiency

d. Receiving deficiency
85. Any operation or event whose elements are continually changing, dynamic, interacting, and
interrelated.

a. Cyclical

b. Process

c. Procedure

d. Method

86. Communication process wherein the source influences and is influenced by the receiver

a. Interpersonal

b. Transactional

c. intrapersonal

d. dimensional

87. Communicating to large groups of people at one time through the use of technological devices such
as the press, radio, tv, film, etc.

a. Mass media

b. Mass communication

c. Group communication

d. Intercultural communication

88. Effectiv e channel in creating awareness of an innovation, message, or technology

a. Interpersonal

b. Group communication

c. Mass media

d. Mass communication

89. The term used by economists which refer to the spread of economic development benefits to every
stratum of human society.

a. Progress

b. Education

c. Trickle down effect

d. Triple bottom line

90. The degree to which the innovation is perceived as being consistent with existing values.

a. Compatibility

b. Observability

c. Relative advantage

d. Trialability

91. The best time to deliver information is when the other _________ needed by the new technology
are _______and in place in the field level of extension organization.

a. Resources . . . available

b. Materials . . . lacking

c. Person . . . available

d. Resource . . . cost effective

92. A basic principle in ensuring the effectiveness of communication

a. Know the information needs of the taget audience

b. Tap the assistance of credible sources

c. Know your audience

d. Use all channels that are available for free

93. An effective communicator is someone who:

a. Is articulate and skilled in oratorical techniques

b. Masters in what he is saying

c. Gets the effects he wants from the receiver after communicating with him

d. None of the above

94. This paradigm forwards that the best instruments for development are sound monetary and fiscal
policies.

a. Technological paradigm

b. Values paradigm
c. Economic paradigm

d. Structural paradigm

95. According to this paradigm, the ills of our society may be traced to our values as a people.

a. Technological paradigm

b. Economic paradigm

c. Structural paradigm

d. Values paradigm

96. The more __________ the source, the more _________ the communication effort.

a. Efficient . . . effective

b. Credible . . . effective

c. Effective . . . effective

d. All of the above

97. Shared goal of agricultrual extension and development communication

a. Sustainable agriculture

b. Equity

c. Empowerment

d. Economic development

98. If communication is to succeed, the communication message must meet the needs of the ______.

a. Receiver

b. Source or sender

c. Program

d. Project

99. If communication is to be successful, the messages should flow through the right _________of
communication which are within the domain of the participants.

a. areas

b. channels
c. approaches

d. models

100.For any program to be successful, it has to be ___________ and coordinated with the broader
development needs of the people.

a. Integrated

b. Isolated

c. Segregated

d. Separated

PRE-TEST: AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION & COMMUNICATION