PERTEMUAN 4

GRAMMAR
FOR IELTS
Passive Voice

KOBI EDUCATION
PASSIVE VOICE

Di dalam bahasa Indonesia, Passive Voice disebut kalimat pasif.

Kalimat pasif digunakan saat kita ingin fokus terhadap subjek yang dikenai pekerjaan.

Contoh: The children watch tv. (Active)

TV is watched by the children. (Passive)

Di kalimat pasif tersebut, kita ingin fokus terhadap tv bukan video game atau hal lain yang ditonton oleh anak-anak.

Passive Voice in Indonesian Language

Di bahasa Indonesia juga ada istilah kalimat aktif dan pasif. Dan untuk murid
pemula akan lebih mudah jika menggunakan logika dalam bahasa Indonesia.

• Kalimat aktif di bahasa Indonesia biasanya ditandai dengan imbuhan:

me- atau be(r)-
E.g. Para siswa mempelajari bahasa Inggris.
The students study English.

• Sedangkan, kalimat pasif di bahasa Indonesia ditandai dengan imbuhan:

di- atau ter-
E.g. Bahasa Inggris dipelajari para siswa.
English is studied by the students.
Can every active sentence be changed into passive?

Kalimat aktif yang bisa berubah menjadi pasif adalah kalimat yang memiliki objek (transitive verbs).

Lihat dua kalimat ini, apa perbedaannya?

1. The president arrives at the airport.

2. The president attends the ceremony at the palace.

Kalimat mana yang bisa dijadikan pasif?

How to change active to passive?

Bagaimana cara menulis kalimat pasif?

Caranya sangat mudah!
Young people use many social media. Simple Present

Subject V1 Object

Many social media are used by young people. Simple Present

Subject to be + V3 by
Object
Notes on Passive Voice
• Semua Verb Passive pasti berupa BE + V3
• Be disesuaikan dengan tense yang ada. Cek table di slide berikutnya

Formula of Passive in Four Tenses

Simple Present Present Perfect Simple Past Simple Future

AKTIF (Singular Subject) S + V1 + s/es + O S + has + V3 + O S + V2 + O S + will + V1 + O
S + have + V3 + O
AKTIF (Plural Subject) S + V1 + O S + V2 + O S + will + V1 + O

S + will + be+ V3 by
PASIF (Singular Subject) O + is + V3 + by S… O + has + been + V3 + by … O + was+ V3 + by …
…
O + have + been+ V3 + by …. S + will + be+ V3 by
PASIF (Plural Subject) O + are + V3 + by S… O + were + V3 + by …
…

Example of Passive in Four Tenses

Tense Example Structure

Simple Present Alioli is made from oil, garlic and salt. is/are + V3
Oranges have been cultivated here for
Present Perfect Have/has been + V3
centuries.
Simple Past John F. Kennedy was assassinated in 1963. was/were + V3
Simple Future The bridge will be completed next week. will be + V3
Passive Voice in IELTS

Di tes IELTS, Passive Voice ada di semua tes, terutama Writing Task 1
yang berupa proses, siklus, dan maps.

Mengapa begitu? Karena di Writing Task 1 yang berupa proses, siklus, dan maps, subject kalimat berupa
benda yang memang menjadi fokus kalimat.

Exercise 1
Coba cari Passive Voice dari esai IELTS writing task 1 di bawah ini:

To begin with, clay soil is dug up by digger to be used as main material to build a brick. Before
the clay is casted, it needs to be sieved on a mental grid and roller to produce fine powder.
This powder is then mixed with sand and water to reach the right consistency to be molded.

Exercise 2

Answer
Exercise 3
Buatlah kalimat Passive Voice dalam tense yang berbeda!

Simple present
1. The garden is cleaned my sister twice a week
2. The car washed by my dad once a week

present perfect
1. my house many visited my brother during hari raya
2. the campus has a lot of students who apply

simple past
1. bike fixed by my friend
2. homework my sister helped by mom

simple future
1. the homework putri will finish at 9am
2. the work putra will finish at 5pm

References
• http://learnenglish.britishcouncil.org/grammar/intermediate-to-upper-intermediate/passives
• Longman Complete Course Book
• Longman English Grammar Practice for Intermediate Students