News paper
They also added that the
What is national news paper
• National newspaper published and circulatory
generally in state whether in hard copy or electronic
copy or both.
• It is a serial publication that contains news about
current events of special or general interest that is
widely distributed in all states.
What is news paper
• It is a publication sold and distributed regularly in a
fixed interval. It maybe by monthly, weekly or daily
and this is because it falls under periodicals.
• The news in newspapers is meant to be persuasive
that is why some of the news includes opinions and
comments that stimulate reactions from the readers.
• Dailies – papers that is published everyday
• Weeklies – papers that is published weekly
• National Paper- widely available and easily bought
Categories of National Paper
Popular Papers – present their news in a lively
fashion with easy to read articles and many
photographs
• Heavy/Quality Papers – are printed with no longer
articles stressing on important and serious events in
the country.
• Some newspaper publishers Sunday papers
sometimes with the same nameplate as the daily
papers
What is Campus paper
• It is the version of national paper within an academic
institution. In other words it is a pioneer in the
publishing industry as a free newspaper of the
students by the students and for the students to
circulate within the academic community
• Also it maybe broaden its reach from campus to
community and other agencies in the society.
• With the advent of the Campus Journalism Act of
1991, known as Republic Act Numbered 7079, the
establishment of campus publication in the basic
education and in higher learning institutions has been
legalized.
• Campus journalism serves as a means to strengthen
the ethical values and to encourage the critical
thinking of the Filipino youth.
• Also helps in developing the personal discipline and
moral character of the young.
• Campus Journalism is one of the most effective
means of teaching the basic and advanced writing and
inculcating in them the values of work and fair
judgement.
• It is a good training ground for future
journalist/writers.
• Through school paper, student writers are able to
develop their skills and enhance their craft.
HISTORY
According to Jesus Valenzuela in the History of Journalism in
the Philippine Islands (1933) and John Lent in the Philippine
Mass Communication (1964), the history of campus
journalism in the Philippines started when the University of
Santo Thomas published El Liliputiense in 1890.
However, Oscar Manalo, Narciso Matienzo, and Virgilio
Montoyola Ang Pamahayagan (1985) argued that the history
of campus journalism in the country started when the
University of the Philippines published the College Folio, now
The Philippine Collegian, in 1910.
Torch of the Philippine Normal University, The Guidon of the
Ateneo de Manila University, and The Varsitarian of the
University of Santo Tomas were also published two years
later.
• Carlos Romulo y Peñas edited The Coconut (1912),
the official student publication of Manila High
School, now the Araullo High School.
• The Coconut, the first and oldest high school
newspaper in the country.
• In 1923, La Union High School in the Ilocos Region
published The La Union Tab, the first printed and
regularly issued high school newspaper in the
country.
• The Pampangan, Pampanga High School, 1925
• The Leytean, Leyte High School, 1925
• The Rizalian, Rizal High School, 1926
• The Coconut, Tayabas High School,1927
• The Volcano, Batangas High School, 1927
• The Toil, La Union Trade School, 1928
• The Samarinian, Samar High School, 1928
• The Melting Pot, Tarlac High School, 1929
• The Granary, Nueva Ecija High School, 1929
• The Torres Torch, Torres High School, 1930
• The Cagayan Student Chronicle, Cagayan High
School, 1931
FUNCTIONS
AID TO STUDENTS
a. Provides opportunity for interesting writing
b. Gives students the opportunity to learn how to read the
newspapers
c. Acts as stimulus to better work
d. Develops students’ power of observation and discrimination
concerning relative merits of news articles
e. Serves as outlet and motivation for journalistic writing
f. Offers training in organizations, business methods,
commercial arts, salesmanship, bookkeeping and business
management
g. Develops qualities of cooperation, tact, accuracy, tolerance,
responsibility, and leadership
AID TO SCHOOL COMMUNITY
a) Inform the community of the work of the school
b) Publishes school news
c) Creates and expresses school opinions
d) Make known the achievements of the school
e) Helps unify the school
f) Encourages and stimulates worthwhile activities
g) Develops right standard of conduct
h) Provides an outlet for students’ suggestions for the
betterment of the school
i) Develop better interschool relationship
j) Develops School spirit
k) Develops cooperation between the parents and the
school
OTHER FUNCTIONS OF NEWS PAPER
Information Function
 The function of the news in the campus paper is to
inform.
 It gives readers information concerning the things
around the community and within the school.
Opinion Function
 Through the editorials and editorial columns, editors
have the chance to post their opinion regarding
current events inside the school and the community.
Education Function
 This is one of the primordial functions of campus
paper.
  Since students and teachers alike are expected to read
the school paper, which showcase topics that may be
intensively and extensively discussed, the reading
public may somehow be educated.
Watchdog Function
 The school paper serves as the harbinger of truth in
the campus
Laboratory Function
 A miniature version of the daily news paper where all
rights and privileges, including concepts and skills in
journalism are practiced.
Documentation Function
 The paper also serve as a posterity tool of worthy and
must-be-remembered occasions in the campus
Entertainment Function
 As a mini version of the national newspaper, where
entertainment sections exits, the school paper
likewise showcase feature stories.
 The main purpose of which is to stimulate the soul
and to feed the brain at the same time.
Developmental Function
 In a developing country like Philippines, scholastic
and commercial journalism has been given greater
and nobler significance.
 The developmental function of the campus paper
does not only have implications on the younger ones
themselves but also on the school as a whole.
Front Page
a. Nameplate - The nameplate is the engraved or printed
name, logo or symbol of the newspaper. More often than not,
the nameplate also bears the scope of the publication, that is,
the date when the articles were taken. It also includes the
volume and number of the particular release.
b. Ears - Ears are little boxes in either or both sides of the
nameplate. Ears usually contain advertisements or
announcements.
C. Banner (Head ) -The banner is the principal headline which
is usually written inthe boldest and biggest font. It is the title
of the most important news of the day. This most important
news is called banner news. The banner runs across the front
page.
d. Running Head - The running head is a type of head having
two or more lines.
e. Headline - Headline refers to any title of any news
f. Deck - a deck is a subordinate headline below its mother
head to give more information about it.
g. Lead - Lead refers to the beginning of a news story.
This means that a lead could be a word, a phrase, a sentence or
even a paragraph.
h. News Story - The news story is the whole story or a part of
the whole story about the news which is composed of the lead
and the text supporting and elaborating the lead.
i. Columns - They are horizontal divisions of the parts or texts
of a newspaper. The number of columns varies from one kind
of a paper to another, that is, a newsletter has smaller number
of columns as compared to a broadsheet.
j. Column Rules - Column rules are vertical lines that indicate
the divisions of the columns. In modern journalism, these lines
are substituted with a space (a blank column rule). Space
column rules or more formally known as sunken rules and are
usually one em wide. With the advent of digits! ay-outing, the
printer may adjust the column rule easily and quickly.
k. Fold - It is the imaginary horizontal line that divides the
paper into two. The purpose of the fold is primarily rooted
from the lay outing rule that the fold should not overlay or run
against the banner head. Should the fold run over the banner
head, the layout is considered faulty.
l. Byline - A byline is the signature, name or pseudonym of
the reporter who prepared the news. It can be seen in various
forms: by Ruben Balacbac, (Ruben Balacbac), R. Balacbac, or
R.B. One common error in campus paper insofar as writing the
byline is concerned is the inclusion of the colon between the
preposition "by" and the name of the writer. This style is now
obsolete. Usually the colon is deleted, thus, by Ruben
Balacbac, not by: Ruben Balacbac.
m. Box - Any news material enclosed by line rules is a boxed
story. In this case,ears are special types of boxes because they
are specially named because oftheir position.
n. Cut - The cut is a metal plate bearing the newspaper's
illustration.
o. Cutline - A cutline is the text accompanying photos or
other art works. It is commonly known as caption. If the text
shows above the photo, it is called over line.
p. Over line - It is a type of cutline written or shown above the
photo
q. Kicker - A kicker is a tagline above but smaller than the
headline. It gives stimulating but small details about the
headline, and this is why it is also called teaser.
r. Hammer - A hammer is a type of kicker but the difference is
that a hammer is bigger than the headline.
S. Credit Line - A credit line is a line given to pay respect to
the source of the story or illustration printed. This is done
usually for stories or illustrations printed or borrowed from
other printed materials or people. The difference of a byline
from a credit line is that a byline is usually a name, signature
or pseudonym of the reporter within the newspaper staff, but a
credit line is used for those which are borrowed or imported.
Thus, foreign news and dateline news often have credit lines.
Parts of the Editorial Page
a. Editorial Proper
The article that is considered to be soul of a newspaper or
magazine. It is an article that gives the conglomeration of
opinions of the members of the editorial board on the hottest
issue of the day.
b. Column: A column is a recurring piece or article in the
paper. It is primarily written by a columnist who is well
acquainted with the subject. What differentiates a column
from other forms of journalism is that a column meets each of
the following criteria:
a) It is a regular feature in a publication.
b) It is personality-driven.
c) It explicitly contains an opinion or point of view.
c. Op-ed: An op-ed, abbreviation of opposite the editorial page
(though often believed to be abbreviated from opinion-
editorial), is a newspaper article that expresses the opinions of
a named writer who is usually unaffiliated with the
newspaper's editorial board. These are different from
editorials, which usually unsigned and written by editorial
board members. Op-eds are so named because they are
generally printed on the page opposite the editorial.
d. Letter to Editor: Letter to the editor sometimes abbreviated
LTTE or LTE is a letter sent to a publication about issues of
conçern to its readers. Usually, the letter or the letters are
intended for publication. However, the most common topics
include:
1. Supporting or opposing an editorial stance, or responding
to another
writer's letter to the editor
 The principal or the head of the school, with the
recommendation of the adviser may designate the
members of the staff or may pick them through a
competitive competition.
 The candidates should possess writing ability,
leadership and previous experience in school
publication in such order.

2.Commenting on a current issue being debated by a POINTERS

governing body
1. The candidate should have at least one year
local, regional or national depending on the publication's existence.
circulation.
2. The candidate should not be in the probation list.
Often, the writer will urge elected officials to make their
decision based 3. He /She must not have any disciplinary case againts
him/her, because there is a likely chance for him to
on his or her viewpoint drop or to be suspended.

3. Remarking on materials (such as a news story) that have 4. The chief, associate, and managing editors should not
appeared in a previous edition or release. Such letters may be hold other major positions in school organization,
either critical or praising especially in the students council or student
government. The press is supposed to be objective
4. Correcting a perceived error or misrepresentation and non-partisan.
e. Editorial Cartoon. - An editorial cartoon, also known as a The adviser should not rely on result of the examination. They
political cartoon, is caricature containing a political or social should also look for people who did not take the examination
message that usually relates to current events or personalities. but have writing skills. They should ask them to join the
board, but they should refrain from taking students into the
f. Folio - Usually written on top of the page, this is composed staff who have more activities in their hands than they can
of the page number, date of publication and name of the handle. They should be aware of students who only love to see
newspaper. Notably, this part runs througn all the sections in their names in the masthead or editorial box.
the campus paper.
HOW LARGE SHOULD THE STAFF BE?
g. Masthead
 Chief editor
This is also called flag. It shows the publication's name,
the volume and number of release, the names of the staff, and  Associate editor
their respective positions.
 Managing editor
THE SPORTS PAGE
 Feature editor
• The sports section of a newspaper features
information on local sports events, like high school  Literary editor
sports teams. College level sports are also covered in
this section, both on regional and national level.  Sports editor
Often, sports page in Philippine campus papers
accommodate stories about intramurals and relevant  Reporters (one for each class senior, sophomore,
national sports issues. Student writers may consider freshman)
writing sports analysis, sports editorials,
backgrounder, prophetic sports news and the like. OTHERS MEMBERS OF THE STAFF WHO MAY
BE APPOINTED:
SELECTION OF THE PUBLICATION STAFF
 Typist
• How are the editors and the staff members chosen?
 Layout artist
• How long should they serve?
 Staff artist
• How big should the staff be?
 Photojournalist
• Should they be paid?
 Circulation manager
• To whom are they responsible?
DUTIES AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF THE
MODERATOR OR AN ADVISER PUBLICATION STAFF

1. With degree in journalism-bachelor, master or Chief Editor

specialization, or one with a degree in English-
bachelor, master or specialization.
2. With experience in newspaper work or one with more
than ordinary experience in journalism or school
paper work.
TRADITIONAL AND BEGINNING CAMPUS
PAPER
• The chief editor supervises the editorial staff of the
paper. Usually, he/she writes the editorials of the
organ after consultation with the members of the
editorial staff.
• He/she edits all articles preparatory to submission of
the the same to the adviser for final editing and
approval of publication.
 Associate Editor
• The associate editor edits the articles in cooperation
with the chief editor. Also, he/she may be delegated
to write editorials of the organ.
• The life of the contents depends on the skills of the
reporters. They secure the cold and raw facts of an
assigned event and write articles out of the same.
THE PUBLICATIONS POLICIES

• He prepares assignment of section editors in
consultation with the chief editor. Further, he/she
cooperate in the preparation of the layout of the paper
and paging of the same with the chief editor and the
managing editor.
Managing Editor
• A well edited paper needs definite policies which
may pertain to what it may print or to what the staff
may conduct.
• Policies are brief statements of the paper’s platform
or are sometimes printed under the masthead as in the
following examples:

• Acting as one of the board, the managing editor
brings articles to the press for typesetting. As such,
he/she also checks articles for typographical errors.
• He/she prepares the layout of the paper and paging of
the same in consultation with the chief editor.
• To support all school projects and to give only
constructive criticism of some projects
• To maintain a high standard of sportsmanship by
avoiding personal enmity and jealousy both within
and outside the school.

• Circulation Manager As the nomenclature suggests,
he/she assigned in ensuring the release and
distribution of the paper. He/she guarantees the
smooth flow of the passing of articles from reporters
to section editors.
• To refrain from publishing articles which convey
wrong impressions against the school, and
To avoid unkind personal jokes, criticisms and
caricatures

• He/she is assigned to oversee the flow of processes in

crafting the paper.

a. Section Editors News Editor

- Assigned as the reporter to cover events relevant to

the school activities, he/she writes news articles on
assignment from the chief editor or through his/her
own initiative in consultation with the latter.

b. Filipino Editor

-His/ her job is to write the editorial of the Filipino

section. He/she may likewise act as a liaison officer
between the Filipino staff and the chief editor.

c. Feature Editor

- the feature editor gives out assignment to feature

writers.

He/she then receives and edits feature articles

preparatory to the submission of the same to the chief
editor. Sometimes, he/she writes regular articles or
column.

d. Exchange Editor

-the functions of the exchange editor are

accomplished by the circulation manager.
Nevertheless, the exchange editor makes up a list of
school papers sent by other schools.

e. Layout Section Editors

- they are assigned to cause the assignment of the

school’s official photographer to take pictures on
schools activities for the month or for a specified
time.

f. Layout Artists

- they take charge of designing and formatting of all

pages in the paper. As such, they label or properly
identify all pictures made available for publication.

The Reporters