TH E O R Y AND P R A C TI C E

A R C H ER Y

BY TH E LATE

H OR A C E EO R D

CH AMPION AR CH ER OF EN G LAND F OR A
TH E Y E R S 1 850 TO 1 859 AND 1 867

N E W E D I TI ON

TH OR OUGH L Y R E VI S ED A ND R E- WRI TTB N

B U TT . MA .

FOR M A Y Y AR
N E R
S H ON . SEC ET A RY O F TH E ROY AL O Y
TOXOPH I LI TE S CI ET

L ON D ON

L O N G M A N S, (J B E E N
‘

AN CO .

1 887

A ll ri gh ts r e c e r r ed
 P R E F A CE .

No E XC U S E ne e d b e ofiere d to arch ers f or pre s enting to them a

'

new e di t ionof th e lat e M r Horac e A F ord s work onth e Th eo ry

. .
’

an d P ractic e o f A rch e ry It fi rs t appe are d a s a se rie s o f

.

articl e s i nth e c ol u m n s o f th e Field wh i ch we re re publi sh e d

’

i n b ook fo rm i n 1 8 5 6 ; a s e c on d e ditionwas publi sh e d i n

1 8 5 9 whi ch h a s b ee nlo n
, g out o f p rint and no book onth e ,

s u bj e ct h as s i n c e appeare d Exc e pt th ere fore f or a f e w copie s

.
, ,

of thi s book which from ti m e to tim e m ay b e obt aine d from

,

t h e s e c on dh and book sell ers n o guid e i s obt a in

,
abl e by which

t h e youn g a rch er c an l earn th e p rinc iple s o f h i s art On .

h e a ring th at it was i n c ont e m plation to re prin t th e se c ond

e ditio no f Mr F o rd s book it s e e m e d to me a pity th at this
’
.
,

s h o uld b e d on e w ith o ut re vi si on a n d with out b rin

, ging it up
t o t h e l e v el o f th e kn owl e dg e o f th e pre s e nt day I th ere fore .

purch a s e d th e c opyright of th e work from Mr F ord s repre .

’

s en t a ti v es an
, d s ucc e e d e d i ni n ducin g Mr B utt who was for .
,

man y ye ars t h e s e cre t ary o f th e Roy al T oxoph i lit e S oc ie ty to ,

u nd e rt ak e t h e revi s ion .

A di fii c u lty occurre d at th e out s e t a s to th e form i nwhich

thi s revisionsh ould b e c arrie d ou t If it h ad b ee npos sibl e
.
,

th e re w ould h ave b ee na dvan t age s i nprinting Mr F ord s t e xt .

’
v i P REF A CE
un touch e d an d i ngivin g Mr Butt s comm en
, t s i nth e form of .
’

not es This cours e would howe ver h ave involve d prin

. tin g, ,

m uch m atter th at h as be com e en tirely ob s olet e an d m ore over , , ,

not only would th e bulk of th e b ook h ave b eenincrease d to a

gre at er extent eventh anh a s actually beenfound n e c e ssary but ,

a l so Mr Butt s p ortion of th e w ork which c on tain s th e i n form a

’

.
,

tiono f th e lat est da te and i s th ere fore o f highe st practic al valu e

,

to y o u n g archers would h ave beenre le gate d to a se c on

,
d ary
an d s om e wh at in c onve n ient po sition M r Butt h as there fore . .

re w ritt e nth e b o ok an d i t w o uld h ardly p erhap s b e givin

, g him
t oo m uch c re dit t o d es c rib e th e pre s ent work a s a Tre ati se on
th e The o ry an d P ractic e of Arch e ry by h i m b a s e d onth e work ,

of th e lat e
Hora c e A Ford . .

I n writin g h i s b ook Mr F ord c omm itte d to p aper th e , .

prin ciples by m eans o f which h e s ecure d h i s un rivalle d p o s i

ti ona s anarch er A ft er d i splayin g a clever trick it i s th e

.
,

pra ctic e o f s om e c on jurers to pret en d to t ake th e spe ct a tors

into th e ir confi d en c e an d to s h o w the m h o w it i s d o n In
’

, e .

s uch c as e s th e audi e n c e as a rule i s no t m uch th e wi ser ; , ,

but a m ore satis fact ory re s ul t h as followe d from Mr F ord s .

’

inst ru cti ons .

Mr F ord was th e foun

. d er o f m o dern s cie ntifi c arch ery .

First by e xam ple and th enby prec e pt h e ch an , ge d wh at b efore ,

wa s playin g at bows and arrows into a s ci entifi c p astime .

H e he ld th e Ch ampions m e da l for e le ve ny e ars i n s ucc e s s ion

’

from 1 8 49 to 1 8 5 9 H e al s o wonit againi n1 8 67 A ft er

-
. .

thi s tim e alth o ugh h e was s ee no cc a s ionally i nth e a rch e ry

,

fi e ld h i s p owe rs b e ganto wa n
, e H e die d i nth e y e ar 1 8 8 0 . .

H i s b es t s core s wh e th e r at public m atch es o r i np rivat e p rac

,

tic e h ave ne v er been s u rp as s e d But alth o ugh no one h as

, .
,

ri s enwh o c a nc l a i m th a t o n h i m h a s fall e n th e m an t le o f
 P REF A CE vii

Mr F ord h i s work was n

. ot i nva in Th an
,
k s to th e m ore . se e i n
ti fi c nd
a tion a l p rin
ra ciples lai d d ownby this great arch er ,

an n ay s c an with a f e w m on
’

y a ctiv e la d o w a d , th s p ractic e ,

m ake s core s which would h a ve b e e nth ought fabulo u s wh en

G e orge II I was k ing . .

Th e An nu al Grand N ational A rch e ry Meeting s were st art e d

i nth e ye ar 1 8 44 a t York an d at th e s e con
, d me eting i n1 8 45 , ,

h e ld al so at York whenth e D ouble York B ou n

, d wa s s hot
f or th e fi rs t tim e Mr M uir obt ai n
, . e d th e ch am pion s hip with ,

1 35 hit s an ,d a s c ore of 5 37 S eve ra l ye ars el ap se d be fore

.

th e ch a mpion s hip w as wo nwith a s c ore o f o ve r 7 0 0 N ow .

a d ay s a m an wh o c an
,
m
not ake 7 00 i s se ldo m i nth e firs t
t e n an,
d m oreover th e g en
,
eral l e ve l b oth a mo n
, g ladie s an d
ge ntlemen con tin ue s to rise We have n o t y et
. howe ver , ,

fo und an i n dividu a l a rch e r c a p abl e o f b e at i n g i n public t h

y e

m a rvellou s re c ord of 2 45 hit s an d s c ore m a d e by Mr , .

F o rd at Ch elt e nham i n1 8 5 7 .

On e chi e f c a u s e o f th e im p rove m e n t Mr F ord e ff e ct e d wa s.

du e to h i s re cogn ising th e fall acy i nth e time hon o ure d s ayin g -

th a t th e archer sh o uld dra w to th e ear Whe ndrawnt o th e .

e a r p art o f th e arrow mu s t n
,
e c e s s arily li e out s id e th e di re ct

line o f sight from th e eye to th e gold Cons eque n tly if t h e

.
,

a rro w p o i n t s apparen tly to th e gold it m u s t fly to th e l e ft

,

of t h e t arge t wh enl o o s e d an d i nord e r to hit th e t arge t t h e

, ,

a rch er wh o d raws to th e ear m u s t a i m a t s om e p oi n t to th e

ri ght .Mr F ord laid downth e pri n
. ciple that th e arrow m u st
b e d ra wndire ctly b en e a th th e ai m in g eye and li e i ni t s whol e
,

le ngth i nth e s ame vertic al plane as th e line bet wee nth e eye
an d t h e obj e ct aim e d a t .

I t i s t ru e th at i nm an y repre s e n t ations of an cien t arch ers

th e arrow i s d epic t e d as b ein g dra wnb eyond th e eye and ,
 vii i P RE F A CE
c on s e qu e n tly o ut sid e th e lin e o f s ight N o d oubt f or wa
.
r

purpo ses it wa s a m att er of import an c e to shoot a lon g h eavy

a rrow an ,
d if a narrow of a st a n d ard yard lon g or an yt h in g lik e
it was u se d it would b e n
, e c e s s ary f or a m anto d raw it b eyo n d
h i s ey e u n ,
le s s h e h ad very l ong arm s ind ee d But i nwar .
,

th e force of th e blo w was of more im portan c e th ana ccura cy

of a i m and Mr F ord saw that i na pastim e where accuracy
,
.

o f ai m wa s th e m a inobj e ct thi s old ru l e n

, o lon ger held good .

Thi s was on ly one of man y im prove m ent s eff e cte d by Mr Ford .

but it i s a fact th at this di sc overy which s ee ms obviou s en

, ough
no w that it i s st ate d was th e mainc au s e o f th e marvellou s
,

improvement which h as t ake nplac e i nsho oting .

Th e s e c on d ch apt er i nMr F ord s b ook en title d A Glan ce

’
.
,

a t th e C are e r o f th e E n glis h L on g B ow h as bee nomitte d It

-
,
’
.

cont ain ed n o o ri gi n a l m att e r b e in

, g c ompiled chie fly from th e
we ll kn -
o wn work s o f R ob ert s ,
Mos eley an d H an
, s ard Th e .

s c op e o f th e p re s e n t work i s practic al n ,ot hi s to ri c a l ; a nd to

d e al with th e his tory of th e E nglis h long b ow i na s atis factory -

m an ne r would re quire a bulky volume Anad e quat e his tory .

o f th e b ow i nall a g e s an d i n all cou n t rie s h as yet to b e

writt e n .

I nth e ch apt ers onth e b ow th e arro w an , d th e res t o f th e

,

paraph ern a lia o f arch e ry , m uch that Mr F ord wrot e p artly .

,

a s th e re s ult o f th e p ra ctic e a n d e xpe rim e n t s of him self and

o th ers an , d p artly a s d rawnfro m th e works o f p re vi ou s writ e rs

onth e s ubj e ct s till h old s go o d

, but im pro ve me n t s h a v e b e en
e ff e ct e d si n c e h i s tim e and Mr Butt h as bee nable to add a
, .

great d eal of u se ful i nform ationgath ere d from th e lon g ex

p e ri e n c e o f hi m s e lf a n d h i s c o n t e m p o ra r i e s .

Th e ch apt ers which d ea l with As c h am s we ll kn o wn fi ve

’
-

po i n t s of arch ery st an — ding n , o cki ng drawin, g h oldin g and , ,

 P REF A CE ix

lo
o sing c ont ainth e mo s t valua ble part of Mr F ord s tea chin g .
’
,

an d Mr Butt h a s en
. dea voure d to de velops f urther th e prin ci
pl e s la id dow n by M r Fo rd . Th e ch a pt
. e rs ona nci e nt an d
‘

mo dernarchery practic e have bee nbrought up to da te an d ,

Mr B utt h a s giveni nfull th e bes t

. core s mad e by ladie s or
s

ge n tlem enat e very public m eetin g which h as b ee nhe ld s in ce

t h e e s t abli sh en m
t of th e Gran d N ation a l Archery Soci e ty down

to 1 88 6 .

Th e cha pt er onRobinHood h a s be enomitte d f or th e s ame

re as on s wh i ch d e t ermin e d th e omi s s ionof th e ch apt e r ont h e

c are er o f th e E n glis h lon g b o w an -

d th e rule s f or th e f orm a
,

t ionof archery s ocietie s which are cumbrou s an

, d old fashion ed -
,

h a ve als o be enl e ft ou t .

The portrait of Major C H Fi sher championarch er for th e

. .
,

1 8 7 1 2 — 3—4 i rep roduc e d from a ph oto graph t ak enby

y e ars -
s ,

Mr C E Nesh am th e present ho ld er of th e champions m e dal

. . .
,
’
.

Incon clu s ion it i s hope d tha t th e publi c ationof this book

,

may he lp to increase th e p opul arity of arch ery i nthis country .

I t i s a p a s tim e w hich c ann e ver di e out Th e love o f th e b ow

.

an d arrow seem s almo s t un iversally plan t e d i n th e hum an

h eart But i ts pop ularity fluctu at e s an
. d though it i s n
, ow

more p op ular th anat some period s it i s by n o m e an

, s so u n i
ve rsally practi se d as archers wo u ld d e s ire On e of i t s gre at e s t
.

c h arm s i s th at it i s ane xe rci s e which i s n ot con fin e d t o m en .

L a die s h ave a tt ain e d a gre at an d in c rea s in g amou nt o f s kill

wi th th e b ow an d there i s n
,
o do ubt th a t it i s m ore s uit e d to

th e f a irer s ex thans ome of th e m ore violen t form s of athletic s

ne w popu lar Arch ery h as perhaps s uff ere d to som e ext ent
.

f rom comparis o nwith th e rifl e Th e ri fl em anm ay cla im f or

.

h i s we aponth at i ts ran ge i s great er and that it shoot s more

a ccura t ely th anth e bow Th e fi rs t po sitio nm ay b e gran
. te d
a
 P RE FA CE
freely th e se c on
, d on ly with re serve Given a well mad e
.
,
-

weap onof Sp an i sh or Italian yew an ,d arrows of th e b es t

modernm ake an , d th e accuracy of th e bow i s m e asu re d o n ly
by th e s kill of th e shooter If h e canloo se h i s arrow t ruly it
.
,

will hit th e m ark m o re thanthat c anb e s aid of n o we apon .

That a ri fl em anwi ll s hoot more accurat ely at ran ges well

withinth e po wer of th e bow th ananarch er of s im il ar ski ll i s

c erta in but th e reas oni s that th e b ow i s th e m ore diffi cult ,

an d p erhap s to s om e m i n d s onthat accou n t th e m o re fas ci

nating weapon Th e reasonwhy it i s more diffi c u lt i s obvious
, .
,

an d i ns t atin g it we see on e of th e m an y charms of arche ry .

Th e ri fl e m anh as but to ai m st raight an d to hold s t eady an d ,

h e will hit th e bull s ey e

’
-
.But th e arch er h as also to supply
th e m otive force which prope l s h i s arrow As h e watche s th e
.

a c e ful flight of a w e ll s hot s h a ft h e c anfe e l a p rid e i ni ts

g r -
,

s wi f tn e s s an d stren gth which a ri fl e manc an not share An d .

f ew p astim e s c anfurn is h a more beautiful s ight thanan

arrow s p ee din g s wiftly an d st e a dily from th e b ow till with a ,

rapturou s thud it s t rike s th e gold at a hun dred yard s .

C J
. . L ONGMAN
 C O N TE N TS .

CH AP TE R
I . OF TH E E N GLI S H LON G -
B OW

II . H OW TO C H OO E S A B OW , A N D H OW TO U SE AND PR E

SER VE IT WH E N CH O E N S
III . OF TH E AR R O W
Iv . OF TH E S TR IN G , B R A CE R , AN D SH OOTIN G GL OVE-

v . OF TH E GR E A SE -
B ox ,
T A SS E L , BE LT , E TC

v1 . OF B R AC N I G , OR S TR IN GIN G AN D N OCKIN G ,

v n . OF A S CH A M S
’
F I V E P O IN T S P O S I TI ON S T AN D I N G
, , E TC .

VI II . DRA WI N G
Ix . AIM IN G
OF HO L D IN G A ND L OO SI N G
x 1 . OF D IS TAN CE S H OOTIN G , AND I
D F F ER E N T R O U N D S
X II . AR C H E R Y S OC IE TI E S ,
‘
R E C OR D S ,
’
E TC .

X III . TH E PU B LIC AR C H E R Y M E E T IN G S AN D TH E D OU B LE
Y OR K A N D O T H E R R OU N D S

XI V . C L U B S H OO TIN G A ND PR V A I TE PR AC TI C E

P OR TR AI T OF M R . F OR D

P OR T R AIT OF M AJ O R C . H . F I SH E R To f ac e 1 22
 A R C H E R Y

CH APTE R 1 .

OF TH E E N GL I S H L ON G B O W -

OF th e variou s implem en t s of archery th e bow d em an

, d s th e
fi rs t con s id e ration It h a s at on e pe riod or an other fom red ‘
.

on e Of th e chie f w eapon s of war an d th e chas e i nalmo st e very

nation and i s ind ee d at th e present day i nu se for both these
, , ,

p u rp o s e s i n v ariou s p ar t s of t h e wo rld
. It h a s di ff er e d a s m u ch
i nform as i nma t eri al h avin , g beenm ade cu rved an , gul ar an , d
s t ra ight ; of wood m et al horn c an
, , , ,e wh al e bo n e of wood an
, d
horn or Of wood an
, d th e e n trails an d sin e ws of an imal s an d
fi sh comb i n e d : s om etim es Of th e rud e s t workm an s hip som e
,

t im es fi n i sh ed with th e high es t p erfe ctio nof art .

N 0 work exi st s which aim s at givin g ane xhau stive de

s c riptionof th e variou s form s Of bo ws which have b een u se d b y
differen t n ation s i nan cien t an d mod erntime s an , d s uch an
un d ert aki n g would b e f ar beyon d th e scope of th e presen t
w ork . Th e on ly form of th e bow with which we are n ow

c on c ern e d i s th e E n g li s h lo n-
g b,
o w a n d e s p e ci al ly wit h the
En gli sh lon -
g b ow as n ow u se d f or t arget shootin -
g as opposed
t o th e more powerful we aponu se d by our fore fathe rs f or th e

p u r po s e s of w ar . T h e c r o
-
ss bow ne v er took a very st ron g
p
. hold onth e E n gli sh n at i onas co mp ared wit h th e lon g b ow
-
,

B
 A R CH ER Y
a nd as it h a s never beenm uch employed f or recreation it
, ,

nee d not b e here d escribed .

It i s a m att er Of surpri se an d re gre t th at so f ew gen ui n e

s p e cime n s Of t h e old E n glish lon g b ow s hould rem ai n i n

-

e x i st en c e at th e pre sen t day On e i nt h e po s se ssi onof th e

.

lat e Mr P et er Muir Of E di n
. burgh i s s aid to have be en u se d
i nth e b attl e of Flodd eni n1 5 1 3 : it i s of s elf yew a s in gle -
,

s t av e app aren
,
tly Of E n gli sh growth an d v ery r oughly m ade
, .

I t s s t ren th h as b een s uppo s e d to b e b et wee n8 0 an d 9 0 lb s

g .

but as it could n ot b e t e st e d without great ri sk of brea kin g it ,

i t s actu al st ren th e m a i ns a m a tt e r Of con j e ctu re o n ly Thi s

g r .

bow was presen te d to Mr P Muir by Colon . . el J F ergus onwho .

,

obt ain ed it from a b ord er hou s e co n tiguou s to FloddenField ,

wh ere it h ad rema in e d f or m a n y generation s with th e reput a ,

tionof h avin g beenu sed at tha t b attl e .

There are likewi se i nth e T ower two bows th at were t aken

o u t of th e Mary Ro se a v e s sel sun
,
’
k i nth e reignof Hen ry

T hey are un fin ish ed weapon s m ad e out of s in

.

VII I .
, gle st ave s
of m agn i fi c en t yew prob ably Of foreign growth ,quit e roun
, d
from en d to en d t ap ered from th e middl e to each en d an d
It i s difi cu lt to esti m
, ,

without horn s . we their stren gth b ut it ,

prob ably does n ot e xc e ed from 6 5 to 7 0 lb s An other weapon

.

now i nth e Muse um of th e United S ervice Institutionc ame from

th e sam e ve s sel Prob ably th e Old e st Specim enext an t of th e
n
’

En gli sh lon g b ow i s i nth e po s se ss io of Mr C J L on

-
gm an . . . .

It was dug out Of th e p eat n e ar C am bridg e an d i s un

n
f ort u ,

nately Invery b ad co dition It c anne ver h ave beena very .

e ful e apo n G eologi st s s ay th a t it c an n o t b e more re

p o w r w .

c en t th anth e t welfth or thirt een th c en tury an d may b e much ,

more an cien t In
. dee d from i ts appearan
, ce it i s more pro
bable th at it is a relic Of th e we aker archery of th e S axons
’

th anth at i t i s a we aponm ade aft er th e N orm an s h ad i n tre

'

du c ed th e ir more robu s t shoo tin g in to this coun try .

B e fore th e dis cu s sionof th e practic al poin ts con nect ed with

th e b ow i s eemmen eed i t mu st b e b orn e hi min
'

,
-

d th at the se
 OF TH E EN GL I S H L ON G B OW
-

g profess to give th e re su lt of ac tu al experien c e , an d

'

p a e s

nothi ng that i s adv anc ed i s mere theory or Opinionun

'

su p

port ed by pro of b ut th e resu lt o n

, ly of lon g patien t an d prac , ,

t ical i n vestigationan d Of con s t an t an d un tirin g experim en t .

Wh en ever th ere fore on

, e kin d of wood or on
,
e S h ap e of b o w
, ,

o r on e mod e or pri n ciple of shootin g &c i s S pokenOf as

, .
,

b e in g be tt er th anan other or t h e be st of all it i s assert ed to

, ,

b e so simply b e c au se a ft er a fu ll an , d fair trial of every oth er ,

th e re s ult of s uch i n vestigatio nbore out that assertion No .

doubt s om e of th e poin t s con t ended f or were i nMr Ford s .

’

tim e i nOppo sitionto th e thenprevaili n g Opin ion s an d prac

t ice an
,
d Were con s id ere d i n ovation s n
Th e value of theory
.
,

h owever i s j us t i nproport ionas it c anb e born

, e out by prae

t ic al re sult s ; an d i napp eali n g to th e s ucc ess Of h i s ownprao

t ic e a s a proof of th e correctn e s s Of th e opi n ion s an d prin ciples
uponwhi ch it was b ased h e profes sed to b e moved by n
’

, O f eel

in g of co n c e it o r v a nity b u t who lly an

, d s ol e ly by a d e s ir e

t o gi ve as much fo rc e as poss ible to th e recomm en dation s put

f orth an , d to Obt aina fai r an d impart i al trial Of th em .

Th e E n gli s h bows n ow i nu se may b e divid e d prim arily

in to two clas ses th e s elf bow an

— d t h e ba c ked b o w ; an
-
d to ,

s ave s pac e an d con fu sion th e att en tionmu s t first b e con

, fin ed

to th e Self bow reservin-

, g what h as to b e said respe ctin g t h e

bac ke d bow Much however th at i s said of th e on

.
, , e appli e s

e qua lly to th e oth e r .

Th e sel f bow of a si n -
gle st ave i s th e real Old E n g li s h
weapon th e on
— e with whi ch th e mighty d ee d s th at ren dere d
t his co u n t ry ren own e d i n bygon e times w ere perform e d ; f or

un til th e d eclin e an d disappearan c e of arch ery i nwar as a ,

c on s e q uen c e of th e s uperiority of firearm s an d th e con s e qu en

, t
c es sationOf th e import atio nOf b ow st ave s b ack e d bow s w ere -
,

un kn own Asch am who wrot e i nth e sixt een

.
, th c en tury wh en ,

archery h ad alre a dy d e gen erat e d i n to little els e thananamu se

m en t m en
, tion s n on e other th anself bow s an d it m ay th ere
-

fore b e con clude d that s uch on ly exi st ed i nh i s day O f th e .

B 2
 A R CH ER Y '

wood s for self bows yew b eyon -

d all questioncarri es off th e
,

p alm O th er wood s have been an

. d s till are i nu se s uch as
, , ,

l an c e cocus Wash ab a rose s n

, ,
ak e l aburn
, um an
, d others ; b u t
, ,

th ey m ay b e s ummarily dismi sse d (with th e exceptionof l an ce ,

Of which more h ereafte r) with th e rem ark th at s elf bo ws m ad e -

o f th e s e woo d s are all s o radic ally b ad h e avy i nh an d apt to , ,

dull i n c t li bl to c h ry s al an d oth rwi s e p ron to b ak

j a r
, as a e , e , e r e ,

th at n o arch er sho u ld u se th em so lon g as a s elf yew or a good -

b acked bow i s withinreach .

Th e o n ly wood thenfor self b ows i s yew an

, ,
-
d th e best yew ,

i s o f foreigngrowth (Span is h or It alian ) though occ as ion ally ,

s t av e s of E n glish wood are met with which almo st rival tho se

of foreigngrowth This however i s th e exc eption; as a ru le
.
, , ,

th e foreignwood i s th e b e st : it i s st raight er an d fin er i n ,

grai n freer from pin

, s s tiff er an d d en
, s er i n qu ality an d ,

re q uire s les s bulk i nproporti onto th e s t ren th f t h bow

g o e .

Th e great b an e Of yew i s i t s li ability to kn ot s an d pin s ,

an d rare in d eed it i s to fi n d a s i x fe et st ave without on -

e or

more of th e se u n desirabl e compan ion s Wh ere however a .

, ,

p i n occu rs i t may e a s ily b e ren

,
d ere d co mp aratively h arml e ss

by th e simpl e planOf ai s in r g i t i s by l eavin

— g a little more
. .

wood th anel s ewhere roun d th e pi ni nth e b elly an d back of th e

how . Thi s stren gthen s th e p arti c u lar po in t an d dimi n i s h es ,

th e dan g e r o f a ch ry s a l o r S plin t er A p i n re se m b l.e s a sm a ll

piec e Of wire i s very hard an , d troublesom e to th e bow
m aker s t ool s ru n
’
s right th rough th e b ow st ave from b elly
,
-

t o b ack an d i s very frequ en

, tly th e poi n t at whi ch a ch rysal
st art s .Thi s chrysal (al so c all ed by Old writers a pin ch
i s a s ort of di se ase which att acks th e b elly Of a b ow At fi rst .

it n e arly res em bles a sc ratch or c rack i nth e v arn i sh I ts .

direction i s alway s diagon a l to th e l i n e of th e b ow an d it ,

g ra du ally ea t s d e e ply i n to t h e bow a n d m ak e s it a pp ear a s

if it h ad b een att acked with a chopper If man y sm all .

c h ry sals a pp ear much d an , ger n eed n ot b e fe are d though their ,

rogres s S h o u ld b e watch e d ; but if on ch rys al b e comes d e e l

p e
py
 OF TH E E N GLI S H L ON G B O W -

r ooted, th e bow Should b e s en t to th e bowm aker f or a n ew

belly A chrysal us ually occurs i n new bow s and mostly

. , ,

a ri ses from th e wood b e in g imp erfectly s eas on e d ; but it o cc a

s i on ally wi ll Occur i na w ell s e a s o n e d bow th at h as b ee nl e n

-
t
to a frien d who us es a lon ger draw an d dwell s lon ger on
‘

th e poi n t Of ai m thus using th e weaponb eyon

, d i t s wont .

An other d an ger to th e life o f a bow arises from s plin ters

i nth e b ack .T hese mostly occur i nwet weath er wh enth e ,

damp through failure Of th e v arn

, i s h h as b een able to get
,

in to th e woo d Directly th e ri si n
. g of a splin t er i s Ob served ,

th at part of th e bow should b e eff e ctu ally glued an d wrapp e d

b e fore it i s agai nu se d Aft er this t reatmen
. t th e b ow will b e
none th e worse except i nappearanc e Y ew and hickory only
, .

sh ould b e u se d for th e b ack s o f b o ws .C an a di an elm which i s ,

occ asion ally u s e d f or b acks i s p articularly li abl e to Splin

, t er It .

i s obviou s wh en ev er a bow i s b rok en th e comm en c emen t of

t h e fracture h a s b eeni na splin t er or a ch rysal according a s ,

th e fi rs t failure was i nth e b ack or th e b elly ; th ere fore i nth e

di agn o s i s of these di sorders arch ers h ave to b e th an kful f or
s m all m ercies Th e grain
. Of th e w ood s hould b e as e v en an d fin e

a s po s s ible with th e feat hers run

,
ning qui te straight and a s ,

nearly as poss ible consecutive ly from th e h andle to th e horn

i neach limb an ,
d without curl s ; a ls o c are s hould b e takeni n
, ,

th e m an ufacture of a bow th at th e s ap or b ack he of even

,

d epth an ,
d n ot i n s om e pl ac es re duc ed to th e l eve l O f th e

belly Th e featheri ng of a yew b ow means th e gradual di s

.

a ppeara n c e of som e Of th e graina s th e s ubst an c e o f t h e b ow

i s re duc e d b e tw eenth e h an dle an d horn A curl i s c au s e d
.

by a suddenturni nth e grainOf th e wood SO that this feather ,

in g i s a b ru ptly int e r rupt e d an d re v erse d b e fore it rea pp e ars .

Th is i s a great sou rc e of we akn e ss i na b ow both i nb e lly an

, d
ba ck T h ere Should b e n
. othin g o f th e n at u re of fe ath erin g
i nth e b ack of a bow an d it i s b elie ve d th at th e b es t b ack i s
,

th at i nwhi ch n othin g b ut th e bark h as b eenremove d from

t h e st av e An i nt ru tionof th e grai n f t h b ck i o c
.
y e r p O e a s a s u r e
6 A RCH ER Y

of weakn e s s and a hot bed of splin t ers A b ow th at follows th e

.

s t ring should n e ver b e s t raight ened f or th e s am e reaso nt h at

,

an
yt h i ng Of th e na tu prin g should o nn
re Of a c arri age -
s o acc o un t
b e revers ed i napplic ation Th e wood should b e thoroughly
.

well s easoned and of a good sou nd h ard qu ality Th e fi n

. e st
 A R CH E RY
m ad e of a si n gle piece of wood or mayb e made of two pie c es
,

doveta iled or un it e d i nth e h an dle by what i s call ed a fi sh In .

a s in gle stave b ow th e q u ality of th e wood will n

-
ot b e q uit e th e

s am e i nth e two lim b s t h e woo d of th e lower growth b e in

, g
d en ser th an th at Of th e upper whilst i nth e graft ed b ow m ad e ,

of th e sam e piece Of wood cut or split apart an , d re u n it e d i n

,
-

th e h an dle th e two limb s will b e exactly Of th e sam e n

, atu re .

Th e join t or fi shi n
, g (fi g s ho.u ld b e dou b l e n ot s i n gl e T
, h e .

diff eren ce however b et weenthe se two sort s of self yew bows i s so

, ,
-

s light as to b e im mat eri al Inan y u

. nu s u ally d amp o r v a r i abl e

clim at e S in gle S t av es should b e prepare d ; an d i nth e gra ft ed

bows c are should b e t akeni nasc ertain in g that th ey b e firm ly
put togeth er i nth e middl e A s in gle s tave bow h as us u ally a
.
-

s om e wh at Sho rt er h an dle as it becomes u n

, nec es sary to cover
S O much Of th e c e n tre Of th e bow whenth e coverin g is n ot

u s e d as a cov er to th e joi n t but f or th e purpo se of holdin

, g th e
bow on ly .

Insh ape all b ow s should b e full an d in fl exible i nth e c en tre ,

t aperi ng gradu ally to each horn T hey should n . e v er b e n d

i nth e h an dle as bows of thi s shape (i e a con
, tin uous curve
. .

from b ornto horn ) a l way s j ar mo st di s ag r ee ably i n t h e h a nd .

A perfe ctly gradu at ed b en d from a s tiff un , bendin g c en t re Of

at l ea st n ine in ches toward s each horni s th e b est S om e
, .

self yew b ow s are n

-
aturally refl ex e d oth ers are s t rai ht an
, g d ,

som e follow th e s t rin g mo re or l ess Th e sli ghtly refl . ex ed b o ws

are p erh ap s more pl ea s in g to th e eye as on e c an ,not q uit e

sh ak e Ofi th e b eli e f th at t h e s h ape of Cupid s bow i s a gre eabl e
'
’
.

B ows whi ch follo w th e stri n g somewh a t are perhaps th e most

pleasan t to u se .

Th e han dle Of th e b ow which i nsiz e should b e regulat ed

,

to th e grasp Of each arch er should b e i nsuch a po sitionth at

,

th e upp er p art o f it may b e from anin ch to anin ch an d a

quart er above th e true centre Of th e b ow or th e poi n t i nth e
,

h an dle whereonth e b ow will b al an c e I f this c en . tre b e l ower

downi nth e h an dle as i s u sual i nbows of Scotch man
, ufacture ,
 OF TH E E N G LI S H L ON G B OW
-

t h e cast Of th e b ow m ay b e
n
omewhat improved but at th e s ,

cost of a te den cy to th at un pleasan t feelin g of k ick ing an d

j arri n g i nt h e h a nd A g a i n .if t h e t rue c en t re b e high e r or
, , ,

a s i s t h e c as e i n th e old un alt ere d Flemi sh bo ws at th e poin t ,

where th e arro w lie s ont h e han d th e cast will b e foun d to ,

s uf f er disa dvan t ageou sly If th e han dle b e properly grasp e d

.

( in a t te ntio n to which will e n d an g er t h e bo w s b ein g pull e d out ’

o f sh ape) th e fulcrum i ndra win

, g will b e about th e tru e
, ,

balan ci n g c en tre an d th e root of th e thum b will b e plac e d

,

t h ereon Con. s id erin g a b ow to con s i s t of three m e mb ers — a

h an dle an d two lim b s th e upper limb b ein

— g s omewhat lon ge r , ,

m ust o f n e c essity b e n d a trifl e m ore an d this it s hould do ,

.

Th e mo st u s ual coverin g f o r th e h a n dl e i s plu sh ; but woollen

bin di n g cloth le ather an
-
, d in dia rubb er are al so i nco n
,
st an
-
t
u se .

Th e piec e of mother of p earl ivory or other hard su b - -

, ,

s t an ce u s u ally i n s ert e d i nth e h an dle of th e b ow at th e poin t ,

where th e arrow lies i s inten de d to pre ven

,
t th e we ari ng a way
o f th e bow by t h e frictiono f th e arro w ; but thi s pre c autio n

o verreach e s it s elf a s i nth e cou rs e of anu n u s u ally lon g life

m
,

the o st h ard workin -

g b ow will s c arc ely l os e as m uch by
t his friction as mu s t to s t art with b e cut away f or th i s
, ,

in s ertio n .

The l en gth Of t h e b o w w hich i s c alcul at e d fr,om n o ck t o

nock—a n d thi s l en gth will vary a little from th e act ual l en gth ,

a ccordi n g as it may b e said to hold it s elf U pright or S toop ,

i e follow th e st rin
. . g sh ould b e re gulate d by i t s stren
—
gt h a n d
t h e l en g th of t h e arro w to b e u s e d with it It m ay b e t aken .

a s a saf e rule th at th e s t ro n ger th e bow th e great er i ts len gth

s hould b e ; an d s o al s o th e lon ger th e arrow th e longer should
b e th e b o w F or tho se wh o u s e a rrows of th e u s u al len
.
g th o f
f rom 2 7 to 2 8 in che s with bow s of th e stren
, g t h of from 4 5 lb s .

t o 5 5 lb s a u se ful a n
.
, d safe l e n gt h will b e n o t l es s t h an

5 ft 1 0 i n I f this len
. . gth of arrow or weight of b ow b e i n
c reas e d or d i min i s h e d th e l ength of b ow m ay b e proportion
, ally
Io A RCH E R Y
incre as ed ordimin ish e d t akin , g as th e two ext re mes 5 ft 8 i n .
~

an d 6 f eet . NO b ow n e e d b e much out s id e eith e r O f t h ese

m easuremen ts It may b e admitte d that a short b ow will

'

c as t s om ewh at farth er th ana lon g er o n e of th e sa me we ight ,

but this ext ra c ast c anon ly b e gain e d by a great e r ri s k o f

breakage AS bows are us u ally weigh e d and marke d by th e

.

b owm ak e rs f or a 2 8 in ch arrow fully drawnup a great er Or

-
,

l e ss pull will t ake more Or l ess ou t Of th em an d th e arch er s

,
’

c alc u la tion s mu s t b e m a d e a cco rdin gly .

To in crease or dimi n ish th e power Of a b ow it i s u sual to ,

Short en it i nth e form er c as e an d to reduc e th e bulk i nth e latt er

,

but to S hort en a b ow will probably S horteni t s life too an d ,

mayh ap spo il it u n less it b e c ert ai nth at it i s s u p erfl u ou sly l on g

Or s uffi ci en
,

tly st ron g i nth e h andl e Onth e oth er h an . d to ,

re duc e a b o w judicio us ly if it n e e d to b e we ak er c ando i t n

, o ,

harm ; but th e re ductions h ould n o t b e c arri e d quit e up to t h e

'

h an dle It i s a good planto ch oo s e a b ow by qu ality , regard

‘

l ess of st ren g th a n d,
h a v e t h e b es t b o w th at c an b e p rocu re d r e

du c e d to th e st ren gt h suit abl e I nall c as es th e h om e sh oul d

.

b e we ll an d t ruly s et on an d th e n ocks Should b e o f s u fii c i en t

’

bulk to en clo se safely th e e xtremities of th e lim b s of th e bow

run ning up into th em and th e edges of th e necks Should?be
,

m a de mo s t c are fully s mooth If th e e dge of th e fl . ock b e

s h ar p an d rou gh t h e st rin
, g mu st b e fraye d an d i ncon
, se qu en ce
bre ak Soon er or l at er an d en dan ger th e safety of th e b ow
ot u n
, .

Th e lower n oé k i s n fre quen tly put onor manufact ured a

t ri fl e s id e way s as to i ts groove onth e b e lly s id e T hi s i s don e.

with a view to comp en s at e th e irre gul ari ty of th e loop : but thi s

i s a mi s t ake as it i s q uit e u n
, nec essary i nth e c ase O f a loop a nd ,

must b e liable to put th e string out of p ositionwh enth ere i s

a s e con d eye to th e st rin g an d thi s s e c on d eye every archer
wh o p ay s due re gard to th e p reservat i on Of hi s b o ws an d
s t rin gs sh ould b e mOst an xi ou s to a dopt as s oona s p ossi ble .

F rom all th at c anb e l earn e d res p e ctin g th e ba ck ed bow .

,

it woul d app e ar th at i ts u s e was n ot a dopt ed i nth i s cou n t ry

‘
 OF TH E EN GL IS H L ON G B OW
-
n
until ar ch ery was i ni ts
l ast stage of declin e as a w eaponof

war when th e bow d e gen

, , erati n g in to anin strum en t of amu s e
m en t th e l aws relatin
, g to th e impo rt ationof y ew St aves from
foreigncoun tries were ev ade d an d th e supply con s e qu en
, tly
c ease d It wa s th enth at th e bowyers hi t uponth e pl anof
.

un i tin g a tough to anelas tic wood an d so m an age d to make ,

a v ery effi ci en t weapon out of very in ferior mat erials This .

c an not fairly b e cl aim e d as an in ven tion of th e E n glish

bowyers but i s anad apt ation of th e planwhich h ad lon
, g
beeni nu se amon gs t th e T urk s P ersian s T art ars Chi nese , , , ,

an d m an y other n ation s in cludin g L aplan d ers who se bows

, ,

were m a de of two piec es of wood un it ed with is in glas s As .

f ar as re gard s th e E n glis h b acke d b ow (thi s child of n e c e ssity) ,

th e en d of t h e s ixt een th c en tury i s givenas th e pe riod Of i ts

‘

in troduction an d th e Ken
, s al s of Ma n chest er are n am e d as

th e firs t m ak ers bow s of wh ose m ake m ay b e st ill i ne xi st en

— ce
an d u s e an
— d th es e were gen erally m ad e of yew b ack e d wit h

hickory or wy ch elm At th e tim e of th e revival of arch ery

-
.

at th e clo se of t h e l ast c en tury an d agai nfifty y ears ago all

,
—

backe d bo ws were held i ngreat con t empt by an y t h a t co u ld

aff ord s e lf y e ws an -
d w ere alw ay s S lightin
, gly spokenOf as te a ‘

caddy b owS ; m ean in g th at they were m ade Of m at erials fi t

f or n othin g but orn a m en t al joi n ery Tun bridge ware &c , .

Th e b ack e d bow s Of th e pre sen t day are m ade of two or

more strip s of th e same or di ff eren t woods securely glue d an d ,

compres se d toge th er as firmly as po s s ible i nframes fitte d wi th ,

powerful s crews which frame s are c apable of bein

, g se t to an y
sh ap e . Variou s woods are u sed mo st Of whi ch tho ugh Of di f , ,

f eren t qu ality m ake Servic eable bo ws

, F or th e b ack s we hav e .

th e s ap of y ew hickory A m e ric an C an adi an Or wych elm

‘

-
, , , , ,

horn b eam & c ; an , d f or th e b e lli e s yew l an

. c e fu stic sn ak e, , , , ,

Wash ab a an d letter wood which i s th e st raight grain ed p art o f

' ‘

-
, ,

sn ake an
, d s om e oth ers O f all these combination
. s Mr Fo rd .

gave th e st ron gest pre feren c e to bows Of yew b acked with yew .

These h e con s id ere d th e on ly po s sibl e rival s of th e self y ew -

.
n A R CH ER Y

N ext i nran k b e classe d bows of yew backe d with hickory .

Bows made of lan ce b acke d with h ickory whenth e woods u se d

n
,

are well s e aso ed a n d of choic e qu ality are v ery st e ady an ,

d
t rus two rthy but n, ot s ilky an d ple as an t i ndrawin g like bows
m ade of y ew On . e a dvan t age Of this combi n ation of b ow i s

that both these wood s c anb e h ad of s u ffi cien t l en

n
gth to avoid
th e t roubl e i nm aki n g and in s ecurity i nu s e Of th e joi n t i th e
h an dle O f b Ows i n
. to which more thant wo wood s are int ro
du c ed th e combin
, a tio nof y e w f or th e b e lly fu s tic o r oth er ,

good h ard woo d f or th e c en tre an d hickory f or th e b ack c an

,

not well b e improved upon and such bows h ave beenc re dit e d
,

with e xc ellen t sc ore s There i s also a three wooded modific ation

.
-

of th e l anc e an d hickory b ow I nthi s a t ap erin

. g st rip of
h ard wood i s in troduce d betweenth e b ack an d b e lly ; thi s s t rip
p asses through th e h andle an d di s app e ars at about a foot
f rom th e horni ne ach limb Th e l an
. c ewood bo ws are th e
c h eape st an ,dn e xt to th e s e follo w th e l an c e an d hi cko ry bows - -
,

an d th entho s e of th e d es c riptionl as t m en tion ed Onthis .

a ccoun t b egin ners who do not wish to go to much expens e

whilst they are as it were t e stin
, , g their c apacity f or th e
s ucc es s ful pro s e cutionof thi s sport would do w e ll to m a ke a
,

s t art with a b ow o f on e or oth er of t h e s e d e scriptio n s It .

will Oft enb e u se ful to l en d to an oth er begin ner or to a friend , ,

t o whom it might n ot b e wi s e to l en d a more v alu able b ow ; or

it may evenb e o f u se to th e o wn er at a p i n ch Bows h ave .

O ft enb eenm ad e Of m an y more th anthree piec es ; but n othin g

i s g ai n e d by fu rth er complic atio n s un le s s it b e n
, e c e s s ary i n

th e way of repa ir .

N ext i nimport an ce to th e con s id eratio nof th e m at eri al Of

wh ich backed bows should b e m ade come s th e t reatm en t of

th eir sh ape J udging from s uch s pe cimen
. s of b ack e d b ows ,

m ade by Warin g an d oth ers b e fo re th e public ationof M r H A

, . . .

Ford s article s onarchery i nth e Field as h ave s urvive d to th e

’

,
’

present day an d wh os e s u rviv al m ay b e chi efly att ribut e d to

,

th e fact th at th ey were s o utt erly h arsh an d dis agreeable i nu se

 OF TH E EN GLI S H L ON G B O W -
13

that it was but little u se th ey ever got th e author was pro ,

bably right i nsayin g that th ey all ben t i nth e han dle more or
le ss wh endrawn an ,
d were too m uch refl ex ed T h ere i s b ut
.

littl e doubt th at as th e joint i nth e h an

— dle n ec e s s it at i n
, g e x t ra

bulk an d s tren g t h c,ould b e di s p e nse d with i n th ese b o w s — 4

th e m ak ers con sid e re d it anexc ell e n t opportun ity to gi ve th ei r

goods wh at (however erro n e ou sly ) wa s th e n con s ide re d th e b es t

S h ap e (wh end rawn ) n am

, e ly t h
, e p e rfe ct a r c ; an d th i s h a r

m on i ou s s h ape they obt ai n e d m o s t s u c c e s s fully by m akin g

th e b o ws comp aratively weak i nth e h an dle an d un nece ssari ly
stron g toward s th e horn s ; wi th th e res ult th a t thes e t ea

c addy bows met th e con temptuou s fa t e they well deserved .

Modernarch ers have to b e than kful to Mr Ford f or th e vas t

.

improvemen t i nbacked bows (evenmore thani nth e c as e of

self bo ws) which are n
-
, ow p erfe ctly s t eady i nh an d an , d t aper

g ra du ally a n d a s much a s i s comp a tibl e with th e sa fety of th e

d this i nspit e of th eir bein

,

limb s an,
g still m ad e somewh at
more refl ex wh enn ew th anapp e ars n ec e ss ary i nth e man u
facture of self yew bows Y et Mr Ford was perfectly right to
-
. .

con demnall refl ex i ty that do es n ot re s ult i na bow b e comin g

eith er s t raight or some what to follow th e st rin g aft er it h as
beeni nu se su ffici en tly long for i ts n ec es sary t rai n in t i t
g o s

own er s s tyle
’
. Th e firs t qu ality Of a bow i s st eadin ess . N ow
thi s quality i s pu t i nperil either by a wan t of e xac t balan ce
betweenth e two limb s whenth e recoil of one li mb i s q ui c ker
—

thanthat of th e other o r by un — due refl ex i ty .These cau se s

of unst eadin es s occur i ns elf bo ws a s we ll a s i nb acke d bo ws
-
,

an d are felt i nth e S hap e of a j ar or kick i nth e h an d when

loosed This un
. s tea din ess f rOm wan t of b alanc e i nth e lim b s
may b e cure d by a vi sit of th e b ow to th e m aker for such
fresh tillerin g (as it i s c alled) as will correct th e fault of on e

or oth er limb .I f th e un s t ea din es s ari se from e x c es s ive re

fl ex i ty which c an
,
not b e redu ced by u se a f urther taperi ng,

of th e li mbs must b e adopt e d N o b ow of an .

y s o r t th a t
c an not b e complet ely cured Of kicking should b e kept , as n o
 I4 A R CH ER Y
s t ea dy Shootin g c anb e ex p ect ed from s uch a b ow A b ow .

th at i s much refl e x e d w ill b e mo re li abl e to c h r sals an

y d
s plin ters as th e b elly h as to b e more co mpress e d an
, d th e b ack
m ore strain e d th ani na bow of prop er s h ap e ; al s o s uch a b ow ,

i s much m ore d estructive to st rin gs as a great er s traini s put

,

up o nth est rin g s by th e recoi l of th e limb s thani s th e c as e with

a b ow th at foll o ws th e s t ri n g or ben ds i n ward s n atu rally It .

i s th e un e v enor exc e ssiv e s t ra inu po nth e s t ri n g after th e di s

c h arge o f th e arro w th at c au s e s th e kickin g of th e b ow .

Whent h e q uestionari ses Which i s th e bes t sort of b ow 2

,
‘

i t i s fo u n d th at th e solutionh as on ly beenren dered m o re

c o mp lic at e d s in c e 1 8 5 9 by t h e great improvemen t i n th e
m an ufacture of variou s so rt s of b ack e d bo ws : as th e following
rem arks th enappli e d to th e comp ari s o nb et weenth e se lf ye w
,
-

an d th e yew b acked yew on

-
ly mu s t n ow b e ex t en
, de d to all
t h e b est s pecim en s of b acke d bo ws of diff ere n t s ort s Th e .

a dvoc at e s of th e s elf yew afii rm th at good s p e cim en

-
s of th e ir

t w ea po n a re th e s weet es t i nu s e th e s t ea die s t i nhan d t h e

p e , ,

m os t c ert a ini nc ast an d th e mo s t b ea utiful to th e ey e ; an

, d
i nall th ese poin t s with th e exc eptionof c ert ain
, ty of c ast ,

t h ey a re b o rn e O ut by th e fact ; Thi s bein g th e s t at e Of t h e

c a se h ow i s it th ent h at a doubt canstill rem ainas to which
, , ,

it i s mo st profit able f or anarch er to u s e 2 Here are three ‘

out of four poin t s (two of which are m ost import an t) i n

which it i s admitt e d th at th e s elf y ew i s sup erior ; an-
d ye t ,

a ft er much practic al an d exp erim en t al t estin g of all sort s it ,

mu s t b e le ft to th e t ast e an d judgm en t of each manto decide

f or himself Th e fact un
. doub t edly i s th at th e s elf yew i s the
,
-

most perfect weapon But it i s equally an undoubte d fact

.

th at it re quires more delic at e h an dlin g ; s inc e i t s c ast lying

,

very much i nth e l ast three or four in ches of i t s pull an y ,

v ariationi n this resp ect or diff eren , c e i nq uicknes s or oth erwi se

of loo s e varie s th e elev ationof th e arro w to a much great er
'

e xt en t th ant h e sam e v ariationof pull or loo se i nth e others ,

w ho se c as t i s more un iform throughout NOW were a man .

,
16 A R CH E R Y

bow th at appears to s uit h i m b est h e wi ll b e wise to confin

, e

hi s att en tionto th at same sort i nh i s future ac qui sit i onOf

bo ws Anarcher who shoot s much will fin
. d h i s b owmak er s
’

a cc o u nt a seriou s annu al m atter if h e keep none but th e best

s e lf ye w b ows ; an
-
d th erefore any w h o fi nd i t ne c e s s ary to
c oun t th e co st of thi s sport S hould do their best to adapt
them selves to th e che aper though n ot much i n ferior back ed
b ows Thi s al so may b e furth er said of th e diff eren
. ce between
se lf y ews an d b acke d bows n — am ely th at there a pe ars to b e
p
-
,

a s ort of i n dividuality attach ed to each self yew bow apart -

,

from th e p eculiarities Of i ts cl ass whi ch makes it diffi cult

,

(n o t r e g ar din g t h e co s t ) to r e m e dy th e lo ss Of a fa vou r it e s e lf
w b ow I t i s v er y mu c h eas ie r to repl a ce an y s p e c i m en of
y e .

th e oth er so rt s Of bows as there i s much less variationOf

,

charact er i neach cl ass .

Th e c arriage bow i s m ad e to divide i n to two piece s by

mean s Of a m et al sock et i nth e h an dl e aft er th e f ashionOf th e
,

j oin t of a fi shi n g
-
rod . T h e Obj ect Of thi s m ake Of b ow i e to

re n der it more con ven i en t as a trav ellin g compan i on but as

-
,

th e re s ult i s a bow h eavy i nh an d an d un pleasan t i nu se th e ,

rem e dy a pp e ars to b e wors e th ant h e di se as e .

It i s Oftenassert e d th at th e b e st b OWS should b e m a de Of

s t eel as s up erio r i n el as ticity to wood
, but this i s n ot b orn e

out by t h e res ults of exp erim en t Th e l at e H on R H ely

. . .

Hutchin s ona m ember of th e R T ox Soc

,
. . took a great deal of
.
,

p ai ns to have lon g bows manufacture d Of stee l both i nE n

-
glan d
an d i nBelgium . Th e bes t of th ese weighin
. g about 50 lb s
, .

f or th e 28 in ch draw with th e ai m an d el evationwhi c h wi t h

‘

-
,

a good wood enbow wo uld c arry anarrow 1 00 y ard s s c arc e ly ,

c arried i ts sh aft as far as 60 yard s so d ea dly slow appe are d

,

th e re coil ; an d bes ides thi s th e actu al weight i nth e h an

, d Of
th e implem en t was so con s id erable th at it would b e a mo s t

seri ou s a d ditionto th e toil of th e day onaccoun t of i ts bein g

n
,

s o frequ en tly h eld out at arm s l e gth to s ay n

’
othi n
, g of i ts
havin g to b e c arried about all day .
 CH APTER II .

H O W TO CH OOS E A B O W, A N D H O W TO U SE A ND

P R E S E R VE IT WH E N CH OS E N

TH E next point to b e c onsid ered i s th e strength of th e b ow

to b e ch os en; an d re s pectin g thi s i n th e fi rs t pl ac e th e b ow
, ,

m u st b e complet ely u n der th e shoot e s c omm an d withinit

’
r —
,

but n On e Of th e gre at e s t mi st akes yo un

n
ot m uch b e l ow it . g
arch ers (an d m an y Old O es too) c om mit i s that th ey wi ll u s e
b ows th at are too st ron g f or them Infact there are but few
.
,

t o who m at on
, e o r oth er p e ri o d of th e ir arch ery c aree r t hi s ,

re m ark h a s n ot appli e d . Th e d e sire t o b e con s id e re d s t ron g

a pp e ars to b e th e movin g a g en t to thi s curious h allucin ation ; as
if a m andid n ot rath er e xp os e h i s weakn es s by s t rain in g at a
b ow e vid e n tly b eyon d h i s st ren gth thereby c allin
, g atten tion
t o th at we akn e ss th anby u s in
, g a light er on e wi th grac e an d
e a s e which alw ay s give th e id ea Of forc e vigour an
, , d power , .

An oth e r in ce ntive to th e u se Of st ron g bows i s th e p assionfor

sen ding downth e arrows sh arp and low an d th e c on
, s eq u en t
employm en t Of powerful bo ws to acc ompli sh this th e which
i s pe rh ap s a great er m i st ake th an th e other f or it i s n , ot S O

m uch th e st ren g th of t h e b ow a s th e p e rfe ct comm a n d of it

th at en abl es th e arch er to Ob t a inthi s d e s id e ratum Th e q u es .

tion i s n ot S O mu ch wh at a m anc an p u ll as wh at h e c an

loo se ; an d h e will without doubt Obt ain a lo wer flight Of

a rrow by a light er po wer of b ow un d er h i s comm an d thanh e ,

will by a s tron g e r on e b eyon d h i s p rop er m an a gem e n t Thi s .

m an ia for st ron g bows h as destroye d m an y a promising archer ,

i n an archery sen s e of th e t erm Not on

. ly did on e Of

O
 18 A R CH ER Y
th e b est shot s Of hi s day a win n er Of th e s e c o n
, d and fi rs t
priz es at succ es sive Gran d N ation al Meeti n gs dwin dle b en e ath ,

mediocrity i naccuracy through thi s in fatu atio n but anoth er ,

b ro ught him self to death s door by a dan ’

gerou s illn e s s of

about a year s duratio n by i n jury to h i s physic al po wers

’
, ,

brought onby th e same faili ng on ly c arrie d to a much great er

,

e x c ess
. An d aft er all th e thin
, , g so des ire d i s n ot al way s thu s

a tt ai n ed .

L e t th e read er att en d an y G ra n d N a tio n a l A rch e ry M ee ti n g ,

an d let him Ob serve som e fi fty or S O picked shot s of th e coun t ry

a rran ge d at th e t arget s and con , t en din g with all th eir might
f or t h e pri z es Of hon our an d s kill Who se arro ws fly downth e
.

s h arp e s t s t eadies t an
,
d keen
, es t 2 Are they tho s e of th e arch ers

wh o u se th e st ron gest bo ws 2 Not at all B ehold that archer .

from anE ast erncoun ty j u st st eppin g so u n pret endin gly for

ward to d eliv er h i s S h aft s See ! with wha
. t gra c e an d e ase
t h e whol e thin g i s don e — no st rain in g n o con tortion s th ere
,

M ark th e flight of h i s arrows how keen an — d low an d to

‘

, ,

th e m ark th ey fly ! N on e fly Sh arp er fe w s o S h arp , An d .

wh a t i s th e s t ren gth Of th at beauti f ul self yew b ow which h e -

hold s i nh i s h an d 2 Sc arc e 50 lb s An d yet th e p ac e Of h i s

.

S h a ft i s un s urp ass ed by an y ; a n d it i s clo s e upo n fi ve S hi lli n g s

i nweight too .Th ere i s an other Mark h i s s tren . gt h and

m u s cular power ! Po ssibly a bow of 80 lb s would b e within .

h i s pull yet h e kn ows b ett er th anto u se an y s uch w h e nth e ,

pri z es are aw arde d to Skill n ot b rut e forc e

, Th e b ow h e em .

ploy s i s but 48 lb s yet h ow stea dy an

. d t ru e i s th e flight Of
h i s arrow ! An d so onall through th e m eetin g : it will b e
fo un d that it i s n ot th e s t ro n gest bows but th ose th at are ,

under th e perfect com m an d Of their own ers th at do th e ir work ,

th e b es t .

In asmuch th en as th e p rop er flight of anarrow from an

, ,
y
bow d epen d s almo st en tirely uponth e way i nwhi ch it i s loo se d ,

th e stren gth of th e b ow mu st n ot b e re gul at ed by th e m ere

mu scular p owers Of th e in dividual archer ; for h e may b e able

 H OW TO CH OOS E A B OW «9

to draw ev ena 2 9 in ch arrow to th e hea d i na very p owerful

-

bow without being able during a m atch to loose s te adily a bow

of m ore th an5 0 lb s Not th e power Of dra win
. g but of loosing ,

st ea dily m u s t th ere fore b e th e guid e h ere

,
Th e b ow m u s t b e .

withinthi s loo s in g power but al so we ll up t o it ; for it i s

,

almo s t as b ad to b e u n der as over bowe d Th e e vil s att en

-
.

d ant uponb ein g ove r bowe d are various : th e l e ft (b ow) arm

-
,

wris t an
, d elb ow th e fi n
, gers Of th e right (loos in g) h an d an d
i t s wri st are s t rain
,
e d an d ren dere d un st eady ; th e pull b e

c om e s u n c ert ainan d waverin g an d is n ever t wic e alike

, th e
wh ol e sy st e m i s ov erworke d an d wearie d ; an d b e s id e s thi s , ,

th e mi n d i s depresse d by ill s ucc e s s th e en -

tire res ult i s di s
appoin tmen t an d failure Onth e othe r h an
. d c are m u st b e ,

t akenn ot t o fall in to th e oppo sit e extreme of b ein g un der

bowe d as i nthi s c ase th e loo se b ec om es di fii c u lt an
,
d ge n e rally ,

un s t e a dy an d un e q u al Th e weight Of th e bo ws n
. o w i nge n e

ral u se vari e s from 45 lb s t o 54 lb s . s t ro n ger ones formin .

,g
th e e xc ept i on; an d t h e lo we s t of th e se we ight s i s ampl e f or
th e di st an ces n ow u s u a lly s hot E ach archer mu st there fore
.

fin d out h ow much h e c andraw with e as e an d l oo s e with

st eadi n e ss throughout a d ay s s hootin g an d choo s e a cc ordin
’
gly, .

If a be gin ner 50 lb s i s prob ably th e out sid e weight with which

,
.

h e S hould comm en c e ; a f ew pounds l es s i nm ost c a se s would , ,

evenb e b e tt e r f or t h e s t artin g poin t A S late ly as t wen

-
. ty y e ars
ago bo ws we re v ery c arel essly m a rke d i nth e in dic ationof
their st ren gth m a
,
n y bo w s b e ing m a rk e d as m uch as 1 0 lb s .

abov e th e ir actu al m ea s u re ; b u t i nth e p resen t day all th e

b owmak ers in cline toward s th e cu s tom Of m arkin gan e w bow

to weigh rath er les s p erh ap s by 3 lb s thani ts actual wei ght

,
.
, .

Th e re as onOf thi s i s th at i nth e opi n i onOf th e m arker th e b ow

'

will arrive at th e s tren gth m arke d i nth e co urse of u s e It i s .

in dee d a very rare c ase whena n ew b ow do e s n ot wi th u se ge t

some wh a t we ak er .

B e sid e s ke eping th e bows for h i s ownu se m os tly Of th e

sam e d e s c ription e very arch e r should al s o keep th e m of ju s t
,
20 A R CH E R Y
a bout th e s ame weight ; an d if h e s hoot much h e should
po s ses s at th e fewe st three as m uch alike a s pos sible an
, d ,

u s e th e m alt ern at ely . This will prov e anecon omy i nth e

en d a s each will h ave ti me to re cov er i ts e la sticity an
, d will ,

thu s last a m uch lon ger tim e It i s ana greeable feature i n

.

b o ws th at th ey h av e con s id e rabl e f acility i nrecov ery from th e

e ff e ct s Of h ard wo rk Thi s fact may b e ea sily t e ste d by weigh

.

in g a b o w on a st e e lyard b e fore an d a ft e r S hooti ng a S i ngl e

York roun d with it whena diff eren

, c e of on e poun d or more will
b e fo un d i nth e stren gth of it more p articularly if th e day b e
,

hot b ut with a f ew day s re st thi s lost power will b e regaine d

’

by th e b ow .

I nth e choic e o f a b ow a b e gin ner should secure th e assi s

t an c e o f anexp erien c ed frien d or con t en
, t him self wi th anu n
am bitiou s in v e s tm en t i na cheap Spe cim enOf b acked b ow or -

a self l an
-
c e onwhich h e may safely expend h i s in
, exp erien ce .

Wh enanarcher i s su fii ci en tly advan c ed to k n ow th e s ort an d

weight of b ow th at best suit s him let h i m go to th e m aker h e ,

pre fers an , dn am e th e p ric e h e canaff ord to giv e — th e p ri c e s

of t ru st worthy self yews vary from t wen
-
ty to fi ve gui n e as ,

Of ye w b acke d ye ws from fi ve to th ree guin

-
ea s an d of other
,

b acke d bows from three gui n e as to thirty s hillin gs whi l st self

l an c e bows may b e procured for as littl e as twe lve shillin gs
an d h e will s oonfin d wh at choic e th ere i s f or h i m If th ere .

app e ars on e lik ely to s uit let h i m fi rs t exa min

, e th e bow to s e e

that there b e n o kn o ts curls p i n

,
s sp li n
, ters c hry sa ls or other
, , ,

Obj ectio n abl e fl aw s ; th enlet h i m s t rin g it an d pl acin

, g th e
,

lower en d onth e groun d i ns uch a positionthat th e wh ole of th e

S trin g Sh all b e un der h i s eye an d uppermo st le t h i m n , otic e
wh eth er th e bow b e perfectly straight If it b e so th e bow so .
, ,

b al anc e d b etweenth e groun d at th e lower an d a fin ger at th e

upper en d will appear sym m etric ally divi d e d by th e strin
, g
in to two p art s Shoul d th ere app ear to b e more onon
. e S id e

o f th e s t rin g th anonth e other i neither lim b th e b ow i s n , ot

s traight an ,
d S hould b e rej ect ed A bow i s said to have a ca s t
.
 H OW TO CH OOS E A B O W 2:

wh e nit tilt e d ini ts b ack ou t of th e p erpen

is
‘

dicular to th e
pl ane p assing th rough th e string an d th e lon gi tudinal c en t re
O f th e b o w .An y b ow th a t h a s thi s fa ult s hould a l s o b e

rej e ct e d . Thi s fault if it should h app en to e xist will b e

, ,

e as ily d et e ct e d by re vers in g th e po sition Of th e b ow ju s t

previou s ly d esc ribed i e by h oldin , .g th e b ow a s be fore but
.
,

with th e b ack up ward s Th e n e xt s t e p i s to watch th e b ow as it

.

i s drawnup s o a s to b e able to judge whe th er it b e n

, d even ly
i n b oth i t s limb s an d S how n o S ign o f we akn e s s i n an y
p artic ular poi n t Th e upp er limb a s b e fore s t at ed b eing th e
.
, ,

lon gest should app ear to b end a t rifl e th e m ost so th at th e

, ,

whol e may b e sym me tric al wh enco n s id ere d a s b e n

, ding from
th e real c en t re It m ay n
. ext b e t e s t e d to as c ert ainwh e th er ,

it b e a kicker ; thu s th e st ring m u st b e drawnup si x in ch es or

s o an d th enloo s e d (Of cours e without anarrow) If th e bow .

h ave th e fault Of kickin g e ver s o little exp erience w ill easily ,

d ete ct it by th e jolt i nth e h and But onn o a cc ou n

. t i nth i s
exp erim en t S h ould th e st rin g (without anarrow) b e fully drawn
an d loo s e d . C are should b e t ak enth at th e b ow b e s uffi cien tly
lon g for i ts st ren gth Wh at h as hith erto b een s ai d applies
.

to all bows ; but i ns elf bows att en tionmu st b e p aid to th e

-

s t raight n es s of th e fe ath e rin g of th e wood A s a gen eral rul e .

,

th e light es t wood i na yew b ow will h av e th e quick e st c as t -

,

an d th e heavi e s t will m ak e th e m ost las tin g impleme n t Be .

t weent wo bows Of th e same strength an d l en gth th e on e ,

b ei ng slight and th e oth er bulky the re will b e about th e ,

sam e di ff e re n c e as b et weena thoroughb re d and a c art horse -

.

Th ere fore th e pre feren c e Sho ul d b e givent o b ow s th at are .

light and slight f or th eir s tren gth L ight c oloure d an . d d ark -

y e w m a k e e q u ally g o od bo w s th o ugh m o s t p re fer th e d ark

,

c olour f or choic e Fine and more Opengraini ny ew are al s o

.

e qu ally good but th e fi n

,
er i s more sc arc e If th ere b e no .

b ow s uit able i e n on e Of th e right we ight let th e choic e fall

— —
. .

uponth e b es t b ow of great er power an d le t it b e reduc e d , .

F ailin g this th e purch aser may s elect anu n

,
fin i s h e d s t av e
22 A R CH E R Y

a nd h ave it made to hi s ow npatt ern; but it is not eas y to

foretell how a s t ave wi ll make up .

Th ere rem ain s on e poin t about a b ow hitherto un notic ed

, ,

an d this i s i t s sectionas to s hape This m ay vary b e i n

, . g broad ,

an d fl at ac ro s s i t s b ack or th e co n , trary d eep an

— d poin ted
i nth e b elly He re againe xtrem es should b e avoid e d th e
.
—

bow should i nsh ap e b e n e ith er too fl at n or too d eep If it b e .

anin ch or s o acro ss th e ba ck ju st above th e h andle it s ho u ld ,

al s o h av e ab o ut th e sam e m eas u rem en t through from back to

b elly This m uch b ein
. g gran te d it i s furth er d e clare d th at
,

t h e b ack s hould b e alm o st as fl at an d an g ul ar as po ss ible ,

s h owin g th at it h as beenreduc ed a s littl e as m ay b e a ft er

th e rem ov al of th e b ark ; but th e b elly sh ould b e roun ded ;
an d as th e b ack should n ot b e re duc e d i ni t s d epth to ward s

t h e h orn s an d s hould n
, ot ge t too n arro w a c ro ss it wi ll follo w ,

th at th e chie f reduction to arrive at th e prop er cu rvat ure

,

wh en th e b ow i s d rawn m u st b e i nth e b elly an

, d th ere fore,

toward s th e horn A well sh ap ed b ow will inm eas urem ent

.
-

b ecome s om ewh at sh allower from b ack to b ellythanit i s acro s s

th e b ack a s i t a dv an c e s toward s th e horns .

Bo ws are b rokenfrom several c au s e s : by m eans of n e

gleet e d c h ry s als i n th e b elly or splin t ers i nth e b ack ; by a

,

j erk ing un ev enor c rooke d s tyl e o f d rawi n

, , g ; by dwellin g over
l on g onth e poin t of ai m aft er th e arro w i s fully drawn by
th e b re akin g of th e s tring ; by d amp an d oft e n tim es by c are le ss
,

ne s s ; and evenby thoughtlessnes s Bows moreover may b e .

, ,

b rokenonth e s t eelyard i nth e we ighin g of them A f ew years .

ago wh enth e A m eric an

,
s fi rs t took up arch ery ve ry k e en ly ,

on e of th e ir n o vic es w rot e to a p rom in en t En gli sh arch er

s ayin g th at h e h a d b rokenn early s ev en ty bows i na couple of
y ears an d a s ki n
,
g th e re as on H e was t old th at h e m u st eith er
.

kee p h i s b ow s i na d amp plac e or th e bows mu st b e v ery b ad

on es or e l s e (t o which vi ew th e writ er in
, clin ed) h e m u st b e

i nth e h abit of st rin gin g th em th e reverse way with th e b elly

out ward s This would c ert ain
. ly have a fat al eff ect but i t i s true ,
24 A R CH E R Y

is e xc eption ally moi st or a ft er lon

, gn, egle ct wh end amp h a s ,

t akenpo ssessionof th e j oin t i nth e h an dle I nth ese c a se s .

s in gl e st aves on ly are safe Amon gst b acked bo ws there i s

.

much mort ality from thi s c a u se Common ly it wi ll b e th e

.
,

lo wer limb that will fail as th at i s m o st e xpo sed to d amp

, ,

ari s in g eith er from th e groun d whil st sh ootin g or from th e ,

floor whenput away If th e b ow h as b eenu sed i n d amp

.

weather it s hould b e c are fully dri e d an d rubb e d with w ax e d

fl an nel or cloth A wat erproo f c ase an Ascham raise d an
.
,

inch or so above th e fl oor i na dry room an d th e b ow hun g up

, ,

not resting oni ts l ower horn are th e b e s t knownprec autions ,

-
.

Half aninch of lapping glu ed and varn , i she d above an d b e l ow ,

th e join t of th e horn i s al so a s afe prec autionagain s t d am p

al s o anocc as i on al n arrow lap i n th e c ou rse of th e lim b will

as s i s t to fast bind fast fi n d As regard s th e d an ger of c are

‘ ’
.
,

l e s sn e s s b ows h av e b e enb rok enthrou gh att empt s t o s t rin

, g
th em th e wrong way or by u s in , g th em up side down; and
t houghtle ss n e ss will l e a d th e i ne xp eri en c e d to att empt to bring
a b ow th at foll ows th e s t rin g upright to i t s in fin ite p eri l I n
, .

s uch c ase s t h e v erdic t o f S erve h i m right sh ould b e brought ’

a gain s t th e off e n d er if h e b e th e own er Inweighin g a b ow .

onth e s t ee ly ard c are m u s t b e t ak ento s ee th at th e p e g i n di c at

in g t h e l e ngth t o b e d ra wn b e a t t h e right p oin t ; oth erw i s e a

l ady s b ow for ins t anc e m ay b e de st roye d i nth e mist aken

’

, ,

att empt to pull it up t wen ty eight in ch es or three inche s too

-
,

m uch .

It h as already b e enst at e d th at a b elly m uch i n jure d by

c h ry s als m ay b e re plac ed by a n e w b elly an y in cu ra bl e fa ilu re

of t h e b ack m ay al so b e cure d by i ts ren e wal A we ak b ow or .

limb may al so b e st ren gthened by the se m ean s Al so if either .

,

limb b e broken or irret rievably d am aged an d th e rem ai n in g,

on e b e s ou n d an d worth th e exp en
,
se an oth er lim b m ay b e ,

s ucc e s s f ully graf t e d onto th e old on e I f po s sibl e le t this b e

.
,

anold li m b a l s o a s th e c ombin
,
ationof n e w an d old wo o d
is n ot alw ay s s ati s fact ory th e form er (though well s ea son ed .
 H OW TO CH O OS E A B O W 2 5

b eing un season e d by u s e ) b e in g m ore yieldin

,
g i s apt aft er a ,

little u se to lo se i ts relative st ren gth an d so s poil th e prop e r

,

balan ce of th e b ow Thi s grafting of on

. e b roke nlimb upo n

an other m ay b e c arrie d to th e l ength of graftin g together two

limb s of differen t so rt s Mr P Muir wh o was as good a
. . .
,

bowyer as h e was anaccurat e shot h ad a favourit e b ow that , ,

d i d hi m good servic e i n1 8 6 5 at C li f ton wh enh e took th e ,

third plac e at th e Grand N ation al Arch ery Mee tin g T hi s ho w .

i non e limb wa s y e w b a ck e d y e w an
-
d i nth e other l an
, ce ba cke d
with hickory A b ow that i s we ak i n th e c en
. tre an d n ot ,

s uffi cien tly stron g to allo w of th e en d s b ein g further reduc e d ,

m ay b e b rought to th e req u ire d sh ape an d stren gth ened by

,

th e a dditiono f a sho rt b elly .

With regard to un s t rin ging th e b ow d urin g th e shooting ,

s ay of a York R ou n
, d of 1 44 arrows at th e three di s tan , c es a ,

good b ow will n ot n ee d it if th e s hootin, g b e m oderat ely qu ick ,

e xc eptin g at th e en d of e ach of th e di st an c es If there h appen .

to b e m an y s ho o t e rs or v e ry, s lo w on e s it m a y b e u n s t ru
,
n g
aft er every t hr ee or fou r d o uble en d s ; an d of cours e it should
b e un s trun g when e ver an in terruptionof th e shootin g m ay
occur fro m ra in or a n , y o th e r c a u s e but it c e r t a in ly a pp e a rs

un nec essary to unstri ng th e b ow a ft er each three sh ot s as ,

thi s i s anequ ally un c alle d f or st rainuponth e m u s cl e s of th e

-

arch e r an d re li e f to th e gra ino f th e wood Ina dis cu s sionon .

thi s s ubj e ct however bet weenMr J ames Spe dding and Mr

, , . .

P Muir th e latt er m ain

.
, t ain e d th at to b e un s trun g at each
en d was a s a gre eable to th e b ow a s to re st ona c am p s t oo l -

was to th e arch er S om e archers c ont en

. d tha t it i s bett er to
have th e b ow strun g som e few m inut es b e fore th e c ommenc e
m en t of th e shooting .

All th at h as b e en said re s pe ctin g m ens bo ws with th e ’

,

e xc eptionof s t re n gth an d l en gth applie s eq u ally to tho se u se d

,

by ladies Th e u su al s t rength of these latt ervaries from 2 4 lb s

. .

to 30 lb s Inlength t h ey sho uld n

. ot b e l e s s th anfi ve fee t .

Th e u s ual len gt h of a la dy s arrow bein ’

g twen ty five inch e s -
,
26 A R CH ER Y

whil st th at of a gen tlem ani s twen ty eight in -

che s it app ears ,

th at wh enfully drawn a lady s b ow m u st b e b en

, ,
’
t m ore i n
p roportionto i ts len gth thanth at of a gen tlem an Th e pro .

p ortionbet weenth e bows being as 5 to 6 whils t th at of th e ,

arro ws i s a s 6 1 to 7 y e t l a di es bo w s
’
app e a r t o b e q uit e c ap a bl e

of b earin g this ext ra st rainsafely .

A s b ows of thre e pi e c e s are s e ld om t o b e m et with

m an ufacture d for th e u se o f l adies their ch oic e of weapon , s

i s limit ed to s elf y ews yew b ack e d ye ws ye w b acked with

-
,
-
,

hickory and l an
, c e backe d with hickory ; al so self lan c e bows f or
-

b egin ners &c L adies b ows of sn

, .
’
ake an d oth er h ard wood s
are still to b e m et with ; but they are s o v as tly in ferior to
thos e above mentione d th at it i s sc arc ely n
-
e c e s sary to re fer to

th em .

It i s too commona practice am ongst arch ers to thro w th e

c onse quenc es of th eir ownfault s u p onth e b owm ak ers accus ,

in g t h e w e a po n of b e in g t h e c a u s e of th e i r f a ilu re s i n s t,e a d
of blamin g their ownc arele s sn es s or wan t o f skill But before . ,

this canb e ju stly don e le t each b e quit e c ert ainth a t h e h a s

,

ch o senh i s bow with c are and kept it with c are ; if otherwise

, ,

an y a ccid e nt s occu rr in g a re t e n
, t o on e m o r e l ik
, e ly to b e t h e

re s ult of h i s ownfault th anth at o f th e b o wm ak er .

 CHAPTE R III .

OF TH E AR R OW

TH E arrow p erh ap s th e m o st import an

is t of all th e i mple
m en t s of th e archer an d re quire s th e gre at est n
, i c ety of m ake
an d exc ell en c e of m at erial s ; for though h e m ay get onwith
,

out ab solut e failure with aninferior bow or other t ackle un l ess

,

th e arrow b e of th e b e st R ob i nHoo d him self would h ave aim e d

i nva in Two thin
. gs are essen tial to a good arrow n am e ly
, ,

perfect s t raightn ess an ,d a s tiff n e s s or rigidity s u ffi cien t to

s t an d i n th e b ow i e to rec eive th e forc e of th e bow as
, . .

d elivered by th e s trin g without flirtin g or gaddin g ; for a weak

or su ppl e i s e v enworse th an a c rook e d arrow — an d it n ee d

h ardly b e said h ow little conducive to shootin g straight i s th e

latt er Th e st raightn
. e s s of th e arrow i s eas ily t e st e d by th e

followin g s impl e proc e ss P lac e th e ext remities of th e n

. ail s

of th e thum b an d middle fi n ger of th e le ft han d so as jus t to

touch each oth er an , d with th e thu mb an d s am e fin ger of th e
right h an d spinth e arrow up onth e n ’
ail s at about th e arro w s

b al an cin g p oin
-
t ; if it revolve t ruly and st eadily keeping i n ,

clo se an d s m ooth co n t act with th e n ails it i s st raight ; but if it

,

jump i nth e very least th e con t rary i s th e c ase Inorder to

.

te s t i ts stren gth or stiff n e ss th e arrow mu st b e h e ld by th e

nock with i ts pile place d onsom e solid sub stance Th e hand

, .

at lib e rty s hould n ow b e pre s se d d o wn ward s onth e middle of

th e arro w A very littl e experien
. c e as to wh eth er th e arrow
ofi er e ffi ci en t resist an c e to this pres s ure will s uffi c e to satis fy th e
'

arch er about i t s stiff n es s Anarrow th at i s weak er onon

. e s id e

thanonth e oth er s hould al so b e rej e cte d .

28 A R CH E R Y

Arrows ith er s elf s or f ooted ; th e form er bein

are e g m ad e
of a sin gle pi ec e of wood (th e se are n ow s eldo m i nu s e e xc e pt ,

f or chi ld ren ) a n d
, t h e l a tt e r h a v e a pi e c e of di ff e re n t a n d
h ard er wood join e d onto th e m at th e p i l e en d A s h a ft .
,
’

s ay s old Roger A s ch am h ath three prin

,
cipal p art s th e s tele
—
,

th e f ea th er an d th e h ead Th e st el e or wood enbody of th e

’
.
, ,

arro w u s ed to b e an
, d s till i s o cc a sion
, a lly m ad e of diff ere n ,
t
s ort s of w ood ; but f or t ar e t u se an d in d e e d f or an y oth r
g ,
e

d es c riptionof m o d ernsho otin g all m ay b e now di sc ard e d save

,

on e — re d d eal which wh en cl e an s t rai ght o f grain an

, , d w e ll ,

s eason e d whe th er f or s e lfs or foot e d s h aft s i s in

, comp arably ,

s up e rio r to all oth ers F or th e footin

. g an y h a rd wood w i ll
do an d if thi s b e s olid f or on e in ch bel ow th e pile it will b e
am ply s uffi ci en t L anc e and Wash ab a are p erh aps th e b e st
.

w oods for thi s purp ose ; th e latt er i s th e tough es t but th e ,

former Mr Ford pre ferre d as h e thought th e d arkne s s of th e

.
,

Wash ab a h ad a t en d ency t o attract th e eye Th e d ark er .

wood s h owe ver are n

, , ow m os tly i nu s e This footin . g h as
th ree recom men d ation s : th e fi rst th at it e n , abl e s th e a rro w to

fly m ore s t ea di ly and get through th e wind b ett er ; th e s e c ond ,

th at b eing of a sub s t anc e h arder th and e al it i s n

, ot s o ea s ily
,

wo rnby th e frictionit u n av o id ably m e et s with one n t ering th e

t arget or th e ground and th e third that this s am e hardne s s ,

s av e s th e poin t from b ein g brokenoflshould it h app ento s trik e

a ga in s t an y h a r d s ub s t an c e — s uch f or in s
, t a n c e a s a s to ne i
, n
th e grou n d or th e ironleg of a t arget st and B e fore th e s hoot -
.

in g i s c o m m e n c e d a n d ,a ft e r i t i s fin i s h e d , t h e a rr ow s s ho u ld
b e rubbe d with a pie c e of oile d fl an nel T his wi ll prevent .

th e p ain t of th e t arget from adh ering to th em If i nspit e .

of this pre ca ution an y p a i n t s h o uld a dh e r e to th e m sa n d ,

pap er should onn o accou n t b e u sed to cleanthem : this i s

m o st obj e ction a ble a s it wi ll we ar away th e wood of t h e
,

footin g T urp en
. tin e s h ould b e appli e d or th e blun , t b ack of
a kn ife .

B efore ent erin g uponth e s ubj ect of th e b est s h ap e f or th e

 OF TH E A RR O W 29

t l
s e e of th e arrow for practic al u s e it i s n ec essary to s ay a
,

few word s upo na poin t wh ere th e th eo ry an d pra ctic e of

arch ery app aren tly cl ash .

If th e arrow b e plac ed onth e bow s trin g as if f or shoot i n g ,

th e bow drawn an d anai m t ake na t anobj ect an

, d i f th e how
,

b e thens lowly relaxe d th e arrow be in , g h eld un til it ret urn s

to th e pos itionof res t i s if th e p as sage of th e arrow over

— . .

th e bow b e s low an d gradual i t wi ll b e foun

— d , if th e bow b e
held quite firmly durin g thi s action th at th e arro w does n
, ot

fin ally poin t to th e obj ect aime d at but i na di rectiond evi atin

, g
con sid erably to th e le ft of i t — i n fact th at i ts dire ctionh as
,

be encon s t an tly d evi atin g m ore an d m o re from th e poin t of

ai m at ea ch poi n t durin g i ts returnt o th e po sition of res t .

This i s of cours e due to th e h a lf brea dth of th e b ow th e

, ,
-
,

nock of th e arrow bei n g c arrie d on th e stri n g i n a plan , e

p a s s in g t h r ough t h e s t ri ng an d t h e a xi s of t h e b o w s l e n g t h ;
’

an d thi s d eviationwi ll b e gre at e r if th e arrow b e che ste d (i e . .

slight e r at th e pil e th anat th e n ock) an d le ss if it b e bobt ail ed

,

(i. e . sl ight e r a t t h e n ock th a n a t t h e pil e ) th a n if th e ar r ow

b e cylin dric al throughout If th e same arrow when drawn
.
,

to t h e h ad
e ,
b e loo ed
s a t t h e —
obj ect aim e d at i e if th e . .

pas sa ge of th e arrow over th e b ow b e imp ulsive an d in s t an

tan e ou s — i t wi ll go s traight to th e obj e ct ai m ed at th e s hoot ,

in g b e i ng i n all r e s p e ct s p e rfe ct .

How then i s th e diff eren

, , c e of th e fin al directionof th e

arro w i nth e two c ases to b e e xpl a in ed

It mus t b e ob served th a t th e n ock of th e arrow be in g c on

s train e d to move as it does mov e i nth e l ast c as e c a u s e s a
, ,

pre ss ure of th e arrow u ponth e b ow (owing to i t s slan ti n g

positiononth e bow an d i ts s im ult an
, e ou s rapidi ty of pas sa ge) ,

an d therefore a reacti n g pre s s ure of th e b ow uponth e arrow .

This m ake s th e bow have quite a dif feren t eff ect upon th e
deviationfrom wh at it h ad i nth e fi rs t c ase whenth e arrow ,

moved slowly an d gradually upo nth e b ow (b ein g h eld by th e

nock) th e ob stac le presented by th e half b readth of th e b ow
,
-
 30 A R CH E R Y

t h enc au sing d eviationwholly to th e le ft Th e pres s ure n

a ow .

considere d however h as a tenden

«
, , cy to c au se d eviationto th e
l e ft only during th e first part of th e arrow s passage uponth e ’

b ow whil s t durin
,
g th e second p art it c aus es a d eviati onto th e
right ; or more correctly s p eakin
, g th e pre ssure of th e bow ,

u ponth e arrow h as a t en dency to c ause a d eviationto th e le ft

so lon
g as t h e ce n
tre of gra vi ty of the a rro w i s wi thi nthe bo w ,
and vi c e versct So that if this were th e only forc e acting
.
,

uponth e arrow i ts c en tre of gravity (this i s of course th e

, , ,

poin t uponwhi ch th e arrow b alan c e d horiz on

, tally wi ll pois e) ,

s hould li e midway i nth at p art of th e arrow which i s i ncon tact

with th e bow durin g th e bo w s recoil There i s an
’
. other forc e
which con trib ut es towards thi s a ctin g an d reactin g press ure
b e tweenth e arrow an d th e bow at th e loo s e if th e n o ckin g
p l ac e of t h e s t ri ng b e p rop e rly fi tt e d to th e arrow but n o t ,

o th erwi se . As th e fin g ers are disen gaged from th e strin g

t h ey comm un ic at e a t enden cy to s pinto th e string an d this ,

s pi nimm e di at ely appli e s th e arrow to th e b ow if it should

h app ento b e off th e bow through s id e win d or that troubl e som e

-

f ailin g of be gi n ners and others of a c rooked pinch b et weenth e

fin gers uponth e n ock of th e arrow It wi ll b e ob served th at
.

i f th e n ockin g plac e b e too s mall to fill th e n

-
ock of th e arrow
t h i s t en d en cy to spini nth e string wi ll n ot aff e ct th e re pl ac e

ment of th e arrow ; but if th e n ockin g pl ac e b e a good fi t to th e

-

nock th e form er mu st b e a trifle fl att ene d an

, d so co m mun ,
i
c at e t h e spinof th e st rin g to th e arrow i nth e sh ape of a blow
u pon th e b ow . It i s n ot pret en d ed th at n o arro w wi ll fly

s traight un l es s th e mockin g pla c e fit th e arrow If t h e stri n

-
g .

b e hom e i nth e n ock th e shot will s ti ll b e correctly d elivered ,

be cau se th e very clo se an d violen t pre ssure of th e s tring onth e

nock wi ll arrest th e spinand so apply th e arrow ; but if th e
s t rin g be n ot hom e i nth e n ock at th e d elivery of th e loo se ,

th ere i s great d an ger th at th e n ock will b e brokeneith er from ,

th e n ockin g pl ac e b ein
-
g too s mall or from th e oth er fa ult of
,

i t s b ein g too big It i s this spingiven to th e strin

. g a s th e
32 A R CH ER Y
th e p l an e of p roj ectioni s confin e d withinvery n a rrow lim it s .

An y r ot atio n of th e arrow a bout a ho ri z o nt a l a x i s will b e

count eract ed i nth e sam e way by th e actionof t h e feathers .

Both these t en dencies may b e distinctly ob served i nth e actu al

 OF TH E A RR O W 3 3
1

in itial m otionof th e arrow Inth e di sc uss ionof th ese rot a

.

t io n s of t h e a rr o w about v er tic a l a n d h orizon t al axes t h e b ow

i s suppo se d to b e h eld i na vertic al po sition .

If th e fo re goin g reason ing b e c are fully con s id ere d i t will ,

b e s e enh ow prejudicial to th e corre ct flight of th e arro w i n

th e direction of th e ai m an y v a r i ati on i n t h e s h ap e of th a t
p art of it which i s i ncon t act with th e b ow mu st n ec e ss arily

b e ; f or by this m e an s an a dditio n al forc e i s i n t roduc e d in to

t h e el em en t s of i t s flight T ake f or ex ample th e ch e st e d
.

a rrow which i s sm all est at th e poin

, t an d l arge s t at th e
f eath ers : h ere th ere i s durin g i t s whole p assage over th e b ow
a con st an t an d in creasing deviationto th e le ft of th e direction
o f ai m c aus ed by th e arrow s sh a
, pe indep endent of and i n
’

, ,

a ddition to a d e vi at i o n i nt h e lik e dire cti onc au s e d by th e

,

re t en tion of th e nock upon th e string Thu s thi s de s cri p .

t io nof arrow h as gre at er di ffi culty i nrec ov erin g i t s in itial

di re ction th e forc e s Opp o se d t o i ts d oin
,
g s o b ein g s o m uch
in c reased A cc ordin . gly i n practic e th e che st e d arro w h as
, ,

a l way s a t en den cy to fly to th e l e ft These ch es t e d arrows

.

are m o stly f li ght a rrows m ade very light f or lon

-
, , g dis t an ce
-

s h ootin g an d th ey are m a d e o f thi s s h ape to pre ven

, t th eir
bein g too weak waist e d to b ear st ea dily th e re coil of very
-

s t ron g bows .

As re gard s th e bobta i led a rro w which i s l argest at th e

,

p o i n t a n d s m a ll es t a t th e fe ath e rs t h e c o
, n v e rse i s t ru e t o

th e e xt en t th at thi s des c riptiono f arro w will deviat e t oward s

th e le ft l es s th ane ith er th e st raight or ch est e d arrow ; m ore
over an , y c o n s id e rabl e b ob tai le dn ess w ould r e n d e r a n a rr o w so
weak wai ste d th at it would b e u se les s .

T he re i s a n oth er arrow kn
,
o wna s th e b a rrelle
, d a rrow ,

wh ich i s l argest i nth e mi ddle and t ap ers then , c e t owards each

en d . Th e quicke s t flight m ay b e obt ain e d with thi s s ort of

arrow as to it m ay b e appli e d a light e r pile wi th ou t b ri n

, i
g gn
onei th er th e fault of a ch e st e d arrow or th e we ak wai st e dn
q

'

-
e ss

Of a bobt ai le d arrow .
34.
A RCH E R Y

n
If th e t ap eri g b e of equ al amoun t at each en d of th e
arrow th e p re ss ure will ac t an
,
d re act i npre ci sely th e s ame
m an ner a s i nth e case of th e cyli ndrical arrow with th e res ult ,

th at thi s arrow will fly straight i nth e di rec tioni nwhi ch it i s

a im ed Th e cylin dric al a n d th e b arrelle d sh ape s are there fore
n
.

re com m en d e d as th e best for t arget shootin g A d a s th e

-
.

b arrelle d i s n e c e s s arily s t ro nger i nth e waist an d l es s lik ely to

FIG .

a, di ff erent balanc i ng p oi nts of th i narrows .

flirt even if a light arrow b e u sed with a stron

,
g bow thi s ,

h p
s a e is p er ah p s b e tt e r th a n t h e cy lin d ric a l .

T f
h e e a th er i n g of th e a rr o w i s a bout t h e mo s t d e lic a t e p ar t
of th e fl e t c h e
’
r s c ra ft, a n d it r e q u ir e s th e utmo s t c a re a n d ex

p e ri en c e to e ff e ct it tho r oughly w e ll
. It s e em s d i ffi cult n o w t o

li
re a se w y h t h e fea th e ri n g of t h e a rr o w c a
m e to h a v e g row n
to th e si z e i nu s e durin g Mr Ford s time whenth e feather
’
. ,

occupie d th e whol e dist an c e b et weenth e archer s fingers an d

’
 OF TH E A RR O W 35

th e n
pla c e o th e bow where th e anew lie s wh enit i s n ocked
pre viou s to shooting i e th e len
— gth of th e feather was u p
. .

ward s o f fi ve in ch es Mr H E lliott was th e first arch er wh o

. . .
,

about fi fte e n ye ars ago re duc e d th e dimen

, s io ns of th e fe ath ers

of hi s arrows by cuttin g off th e three inches of each feath er

fu rthest from th en ock H e foun . d thi s re ductionen abl e d t h e

arrow to fly fu rth er Others soonfollowe d h i s example and

.
,

i nth e course of about twe lve m on th s all th e arrow makers h ad -

su ppli e d th eir cu s tom ers with arrow s of th e n ew p att ernwhich ,

»

h o we ver c an
, not b e call ed a new patternas Orient al arrows and , ,

man y flight arrows were much l es s heavily feathered Th e

-
, .

lon g fe ath erin g is n ow s c arc e ly ev e r s ee n e xc ept occ as ion ally ,

whenit i s erron eou sly u se d to d i min is h th e diffi c ulty of shoot .

in g a t s ixty y ar d s .M r Fo rd re co
. mm e nd e d r a th er full s iz e d -

feathers as givin g a s t eadin es s to th e flight With th e re .

’

duc e d feath ers arrows fly as s t eadily an d cert ain ly more ,

keen ly toward s th e mark A fai r am oun . t of ri b s hould b e

l eft onth e feather f or if th e ri b b e p are d t oo fin
, e th e lasti n g
quality of th e feather wi ll b e dimi n is h ed Th e three feathers .

of anarrow should b e fro m th e same win g right or lef t an d ,

as n on e but a ra w b egin ner will find any di ffi culty i nnocking

hi s arro w th e right way i s with wh a t i s kn
— . . ownas th e cock
feather upwards or at right an,
gles to t e lin
h e of th e n —
ock wi th
out havin g this cock feath er of a diff eren t colour it i s advi sabl e ,

to hav e th e three feathers all ali ke Perh ap s th e brownfeathers .

of th e peacock s win ’
g are th e best of all but th e black turkey ,

feathers are als o high ly sati sfactory Th e whit e turkey .

feathers are al s o e qually good but h ad b et ter b e avoide d as , ,

they too re adily get soiled an d are n ot t o b e e as ily dis tin

,

g u i s h e d fro m whit e goo s e fe ath ers Th

-
e s e l ast as w e
. ll a s ,

those of th e grey goo se though highly thought of by ou r fore

,

fathers are n
, ow i nn o reput e an d it i s prob abl e that ou r
,

an cestors if they h ad h ad th e s am e pl en
,
tiful s upply of pea .

fowl s an d turk eys as ours elve s would h ave h ad l ess resp e ct ,

for th e wi n gs of geese Th e reas onwhy th e thre e feathers

.

n2
36 A R CH E R Y

mu s t b e from th e same wing i s that every fe ather i s outwardly .

co n vex an d in wardly con c ave Wh enth e feath ers are c or

’ ‘ '

re c tly a ppli e d ,all th ree a lik e thi s,th e ir p e culi a r ity of fo r m

rifl e s th e arrow or c a u ses it to rot at e oni ts ownaxi s Thi s
.

may b e te s t ed by s hootin g anarrow through a p an e o f gl a s s ,

whenit will b e foun d th at th e s crapin g a gain s t t h e arrow of

th e sh arp e dges of th e frac ture pas s es alon g th e arrow spirally .

Som e years ago a v ery un nec essary patent was takenout for
ri fl in g a n a r row by putti n g on t h e fe ath e rs s pi r a lly ov e r ,

Fm 1 2
. .
FI G 1 3
. .

d oing wh at was alre ady s uffi cien t As regard s th e po s itionof

.

th e fe ather; it should b e b rought as n e ar as po s sibl e to th e n ock

‘

Some con sid er an in ch i nlen th of f th q i t u ci nt

‘

g e a e r u e s ffi e .

It i s c ert ainthat an y l eng t h b e tw e en two i nch e s an d on e

in ch will do ; so each in dividual may please him self an d s uit

t h e le n
'

gth of th e fea th e rin g t o th e l en g t h a nd w e ight of hi s

a rrow s Th e two sh ap e s i nu se are th e t rian
. gular an d th e
p arab olic or b alloonsh ape d -
O f these both are good — th e
.

former h avin g th e advan t age of c arryin g th e steera ge f urth er

back wh ilst th e latt er i s a t rifl e stiff er
, ,
 OF TH E A RRO W 371
Th e feath ers preserve d from dam p by a co at of oil pain
are t
laid onbe tweenthe m an d for on e e ighth of anin - ch abo ve an d
b el ow th em Thi s should af terward s b e varn
. is he d an d th e ri b ,

of th e feather should b e c are fully covere d b ut c are mus t b e ,

t akent o avoid in j urin g th e supplen es s of th e feath er with th e

varn i sh
. F eathers laid downor ruffl e d by we t m ay b e res tore d

by spin ning th e arrow be fore a warm fire c are f ully .

Th e p i le or poi n
, t i s anim port an
, t part of th e arrow O f .

th e diff eren t s hap es th at h ave beenus e d th e b es t f or target ,

sh oot i n g n
— ow a lmo s t th e on —
ly survivor i s th e s quare
sh o uld e re d p ara ll el pile I t s great es t adv an
. t ag e i s th at if th e ,

arro w b e ov erd ra wn so th at th e pil e b e b rought onto th e

F I G 1 4.
.

b ow , th e ai m not b e in
will jure d as m u st b e th e c ase with all
c on
,

ic a l pile s so drawn (Very light fl

. i gh t arrows f or which th e
-
,

pi l e s provid ed for ladi es are con s id ere d too h e avy mu s t still b e

.

furn is h e d with th e con ic al pil es u se d for childrens arrows ) ’

.

Thi s p a allel pile i s mo s tly m ade i ntwo piec es a poin

r — t e d con e
f or i t s p o in t which i s sold ered onto th e cylindric al p art which
, ,

it s elf i s ma d e of a fl at piec e of m et al s old ere d in to this form

'

T his s ame shape d pile h as occa s ionally b eenm ad e t urned out

-

of solid metal ; but thi s pil e i s liable to b e so h eavy as f to b e

un
.

s u it abl e f or any but th e h ea vi e st a rro ws a n d t h e fl e t c h er

,s

a ve r th at it i s di ffi c u lt to fix it onfi rm ly owin g to th e grea se

u s ed i ni ts man ufacture Great c are s ho uld b e t ake i nth e
. n
,

m an u f a cture of arrows; t hat th e footin g exa ctly fi ts t h e f p ile '

,
38 A R CH ER Y

so as to fill ntirely th e i nsid e of it

e nl es s th e footing of th e
u

arr ow reac h th e bottom of th e pil e th e pile will eith er c rumple ,

up or b e drivendownth e st ele whenth e pile comes i nco n t act

with a hard s ub st an c e It i s of cou rse fi x e d onwith glue ;
.
, ,

an d to pre v en t i ts comin g off from d amp a blo w or th e , ,

adh es iven es s of s tiff cl ay it i s w ell to in

, d en t it one ach s id e
with a sh arp h ard poin t ed pun
-
ch fi tted for th e purpo se with
a groov e inwhi ch th e a rro w i s pl ac ed wh i l s t th e n
,
ec e s s ary

pre s s ure i s applied T hi s in . s trum en t may b e proc ure d of

H ill Son cut lers 4 H aym arket
, , .

Th e n ook s hould b e st ron g an d v ery c are fully fin

, ish e d s o ,

that n o in jury may b e don e by th e s t rin g or to th e s trin g .

O f course th e nock m us t b e of th e same siz e i nsectionas th e

s t el e of th e arrow an d thi s furn i shes anaddition a l argum en t
again s t th e b obt ai l e d arro w which i s sm all e s t at this e n
, d .

Th e n otch or groov e i nwhi ch th e stri n g act s sho uld b e about

on e e ighth of anin
-
ch wide an d about three s ixte en th s of an -

in ch deep Th e bottom of thi s n

. otch will b e m uch improve d
by th e applic ationof a roun d file of th e right gauge i e quit e , . .

a t ri fl e more th an th e e ighth of anin ch i ndiam et er ; b ut great

c are mu st b e t aken to apply this un iformly an d th e n ock ,

mu st n ot b e un duly weaken ed This applicationwill enable

.

th e arch er to put thicker an d th erefore sa fer lappin

, g to th e ,

nocking plac e of th e s tring and th e d anger of th e string b e ing

'

-
,

loose i nth e n ock will b e l essen ed It i s poss ible that this

.

addi ti on al groovi n of h n ock m to v y t ifli n g t n t

'

t x
’

g e a y a e r r e e

i mp ed e th e es c ape of th e arro w from th e s trin g Mr Ford . .

recommen d ed t h e applic ationof a copper rivet through th e

nock near to th e bottom of th e not ch to provid e against th e
'

dan plittin g h n ock But it i doubtful wh th

’

ge r o f s t e . s s o e er

an i v e t fi n e en ough f or s af e applic ationwould b e s t ron g

y r

en ough to guard a gain s t thi s d an ger th at th e b ette r planwi ll ,

b e to avoid th e di fl eren t sort s of c arel es sn e s s th at l ea d toward s

thi s ac ciden t .

As regard s th e len g th of th e a rrow n o ar bit r a ry r ul e c an

4
6
A R CH ER r
11 1gv ery light ch est ed arro ws may b e procured sti fle ough
-
'

n
for an y s tren gth of b O w ; but 1 n thi s s tyl e of s hooti n g dista nc e
to b e covere d 1 s of more import an c e th anacc uracy of ai m .

It would be much b ett er if th e arrow m ak ers in s te a d of sellin

-
g ,

thei r arrows i nset s progre ssin g by three silver pen nyweight s

n n
, ,

wo uld sell t h em al so weigh e d to th e i t erme diat e pe n y

weight s As th e m att er s t an
. ds n ow s u ppo s in g th e archer s
,
’

favourite weight to b e 43 9d h e may have at on . .

, e ti m e a set

weighin g rather less th an43 8 d” and at an

n
. other time rath er
mo re tha 4s 1 0 d A s all th e in t erme diate weight s of arrows
n
. .

are m a ufac ture d th ere c anb e n , o su fl i c i en t reas onwh y th e

light er s et sho uld n ot b e m arke d an d s old as 43 8 d an d th e . .
,

hea vier as 48 1 0 d A c areful archer should att en d also to

‘

. .

th e b al an ce o f h i s arrows By thi s i s m ean

. t that the sam e
c en t re of gravi ty should p ervad e th e w hole set Lon ger or .

sho rt er light er or h e a vi er footin

, g will v ary thi s b alan cmg ~

poin t as al so an
, y v a ri a tio ni n t h e w e ight of th e pil es .

A s th e vari ation of el ev ation or di st an c e to b e shot

, ,

s houl d n ot be m an age d by a ch an ge of weight 1 11 arro ws i t i s ,

d ecidedly advi sabl e to keep arrows all cf th e s am e weight &c

n
.
,

I d eed it i s a grea t mistaketo ch an ge an y p a rt of the t a ckl e

‘
,

bow or arrow durm g th e shootin g ex c ept i n unavoidable

.

, ,

c ases Th e scorin
. g will seldom b e bett ere d b ys uch mean s .

Formerly on ly two arrows were Shot at each en d a nd 3

,

three were c arried an d c alle d an arch ers p air in cludin g

‘ ’ ’
, ,

t h e sp are on Now it i s th e almo st un iversal cu stom to ‘

e .

s h oot th ree arro w s at each e nd Som e sp are ones s hould of

.
,

c ours e b e at h an
, d m c ase of acciden t s It m u st be rem em .
~

b ere d that if th e slight est variationi ns h ap e or weight oc curs

amon gs t thos e i n u se th e line or elevationi s sure to b e
,

aff e ct e d to th e seriou s d et rim en

, t of accurat e hitti n g there
foretoo much c are c an not b e t aken1 ntheir choice:
Wh ether it b e forstore or for daily use th e arrow s ho uld ,

b e kept ! m a q uiver or c a s e m a de onsuch a pl an th at e ach

s h all h av e i t s s ep arat e c ell an d th ey shoul d b e kept up ri ght
,
 OF TH E A R R OW 41

wh enpossible an d so b e in
, sure d from warpin g or from ,

havin g th eir feathers crushed It i s too much th e cu stom to .

sq u e e z e a q u an tity of arrows in -
to a sm all qui ver L et n ot
.

an y a r ch er who va lu e s h i s t a c kl e b e g ui lty of th i s folly A n .

arrow th at h as h ad on e of i t s fea th ers crump l e d f rom this

“

cau s e will m , , n
ay be wob ble a d s t a gger all th e rest of i t s h f e ,

though 1 nall oth er re sp ect s i t b e i nperfect rep air Arro ws .

Will b e found to wear out q uite spee dily enough wi thout bei ng
subj e c te d to i ll u s age or n -
egl e ct to hurry them through th eir
short h v es .

It app ears to b e Well auth en tic ate d that if a light chest ed

‘

flight arrow b e feathere d at each en d with th e feath ers tri mi n ed

n
-
,

lower at th e n oc k thanat th e pi le en d whens hot agai st th e

,

wi n d i t will returnback agai nlike a boomeran g And if th e .

s am e s h ap e d arrow b e feathere d i nth e mid dle on ly it wi ll i n

'

-
,

i ts flight m ake a right an gle ,an d n o pow er of bow c ansen d

i t an co n id a bl di t n c
'

y s e r e s a e .

Mr B Hely Hutchin
. .
-
so nalrea dy m en , tion e d as h avin g m ad e
eXp e ri m e nts i n moderntim es wi th st eel bow s h ad an other
'

c l i ity O n th b ck of h i b w h h d fl t pi c c f
n
p e u ar . e a s o e a a a e e

hard wood b rmetal fi xed at right a gles t o t h e len .

gt h of h i s

b ow Anupright pi ec e of th e s ame m aterial Was fitte d in

'

. to
a groov e i nthi s Whose out s id e di s t an
, ce was about anin ch

from th e p lac e w he re th e arrow u su ally touch es th e b ow

abov e th e h an dl e He u s ed alway s to shoo t with h i s arrow
n
.

re stin g n o t onth e b ow O
,
r onh i s h an , d but i th e out si de
,

an gle b et wee nthi s proj ectionand th e upright piec e of i t H e .

ai rhed as oth er a rcher s do an d h as b eenseento mak e ex

,

t hittin
.

c ellen at t h e di t a n of n hu nd d y d v n
n
g s c e o e r e a r s e e ,

wh enf ar adva ce d i nyears Inthi s case th e axis of th e .

arrow or th e lin e of ai m W as di s t an t from th e plan

'

e t hrough

n
, ,

th e s t ri n g an d th e axi s of th e b ow anin ch i nadditio to th e

us ual half Wi d th of t h e arr
-
ow an d half width of th e bow Y et
-
.

th e ar ro w app eare d to fl y q i t t e dily n d t ul I t i n

nn
u e s a a r
y s o.t .

k ow wh y h e adopted this p e c uliarity an d it i s un ,n ec es sary .

 42 A R CH E R Y

to inquire ; b ut it will serve as a u seful peg whereonto han ga

further c on sid eration of th e diffi culties anarrow h as to con t en d
with i ngettin g s t r a ight to t h e poi n t of a i m an
, d i t s d e t e rm i ne d
re s ol u tionto ov ercom e th ese diffi culti e s .Inadditionto th e
forc es alre ady di scusse d as actin g u ponth e arrow th ere i s ,

al s o th e fo rc e of gravity th e res ist an , c e of th e ai r an d th e

,

in t erferen c e of th e wind ; b ut thes e forces aff e ct i nth e sam e

way all arrow s ho we ver shot
, Th e s am e may b e said of all
.

th e oth er fo rc e s implic ated un , til there i s anartifi c i ally i n

creased imp edim en t in t erpos ed i nadditionto th e n atural on e

of th e h alf bow an-

d half arrow -
Now s uppo sin
.
, g th e di s tan ce
of th e n ock from th e c en tre of th e bow b e such whenth e
'

arrow i s d rawnthat a p erp en dicular le t fall from th e c en tre of

th e bow to th e lin e of ai m will m ark of f tw en ty sevenin
-
ches of
draw th e resolutionof th e forc e actin
, g i nth e hu e from th e n ock
to th e c en tre of th e bow will b e correctly represen ted by twen ty
s ev eni nth e directionof th e poin t of ai m an d three eighth s at -

right an gles to th at dire ction; or th e relationbetween th e

s trai ght p art of th e whol e forc e an d i t s rem ain der wi ll b e as
2 1 6 to 5 .

But wh enMr Hu tchinsons p eculi ar meth o d of shooting

.
’

i s comp are d with this n a t ur al way it will app ear th at th e

,

rel ation b et wee nth e s e s ame re so lv e d fo rc e s will b e as 2 1 6

to 1 3 showing that th e ob s tructioni nthis l at ter case h as

beenconsi derab ly more th andouble d th e keen — ness of fl i ght
wi ll b e d i min i shed an d in
, cre ase d f ri c ti o nwill b e shown between
th e arrow an d i ts restin g pl ac e at th e instan
-
t of th e loo s e .

Bes ides th e spingivento th e strin g at th e loo se th ere i s al so

,

a pu sh at right an
, gles to th e directiondeh vered by th e more or ,

le ss un avoid able o b s tructionof th e fin gers as th ey lib erate th e

s trin g ; but this push occurrin , g be fore th e h b erati ono f th e
s t rin g i s th e fin
, al diffi c ulty of th e ai m an d loo se .

Imm e diately th e strin g i s loo se d th e arrow h as as it were , ,

th e n oc ki n g pl ac
-
e b e t w ee n i t s t e e th i n t h e n ock an, d co n t r ibut e s

to th e directionof i t s course to th e poi n t of rest ; an d it i s

 OF TH E A RR O W 43

highly prob able that th e path of th enocking plac e from th e

-

loo se to re st i s not co n
fine d to th e pl ane of th e st ring and ax i s
of th e b ow .

Greater or dim in i sh e d frictionbe t weenth e b ow an d arrow

wo u ld b e an oth er way of repre sen ting great er or less ob stru c
tionto th e ai m of th e arrow As th e arrow deepen
. s th e

groove made by i t s passag e over th e how th e ob s tructionwill

b e dimi n ish e d b ut th e sur fac e expose d to this frictio nwill b e
,

in c re ase d

n
.

I f a bow could b e so co s t ruct ed th at anarrow could b e

s hot th rou h it jus t abov e th e han dl th p ni ng mu s t b e
g , e e O e

large en ough to admit free pas sage for th e featherin g as w ell ,

an d the open ing m u st b e con trived so that th e s t ele tru e’

to th e poin t of ai m throughout i t s pas sage through th e bow

n
,

shah e ve r s werv e from th e right side of th e open ing

.
44 A R CH E R Y

CHAP T E R IV .

OF TH E S TR I N G , B R A OE R , A ND S H OO TI N G GL O VE
-

TH E b es t bow strin gs are all of Belgianmake an d can not b e

”

n
, .

co n s id ere d of s uch good quality as th ey u se d t o b e tw en ty ve -

years ago Thenth e b est bowst rin g s were obt ain

'

. e d from a

m aker at Liege by n am e M ee le s th e l as t of h i s rac e who wi th

’

, , , ,

h i s wife kept mo s t j ealou sly th e secret of t h e m an

, ufacture ,

which h ad b eent ran s mi tt e d through m an y gen eration s i nt h e

on e family an , d the y die d chi ldl e s s wi thout commun ic atin g it

t o an yo ne Th eir resid en
. c e was kept with th e wi ndows onth e
s t re e t s id e co n s t an tly b arre d up so as to m ake sure th at th ey
,

could not b e overlooke d an , d th ey d epen de d e n tirely f or th e

ai r a n d light n e c es s ary f or th eir labou r onth e p riv at e g ard en

at th e b a ck of th e hou se .

I n th e choic e of a s trin g see th at it h as three n ot t wo , ,

s t ran ds ; and c are mu st b e t ak ento av oid tho s e that are too

h ard an d s tiff a s th ey are li abl e to b e brittle an
, d to b reak
very soon Th e n. ext thin g to b e att end ed to i s th at th e s trin g
i s s m ooth an d roun d through o ut an ,d s uffi cien tly in c rease d i n
bulk at th e en d s where are th e eye an d loop It c an
. not b e
d oubt e d that a qui cker c as t may b e obt ain e d from a thi n s tri ng
th anfrom a v ery thi c k one ; but it will b e be tt er to cho os e
s t ri n gs stro ng en ough i nproportionto th e st rength of t h e
b o ws to e n s u re the ir (i e th e bow s ) sa fety rather th anto
. .
’

p y
a

t oo m uch re gard to thi s quick n e ss of c as t Wh enth e s trin

. g
i s cho seni t s eye m us t b e fi tt e d in to th e groove of th e lower
hornof th e b ow Inord er to m ake the loop at th e oth er en
.
d
t h e strin g m u s t now b e ap plie d to th e back of th e un b ent b ow ,
 OF TH E S TR I N G, B R A CE R , A N D S H O O TI N G GL O VE
'

45
-

and th e o n ded t urnof th e loop mu st b e made at about

first r u

three inches fro m th e groove of th e upper horn or two an , d a

h alf i n ches i nth e c ase of a lady s b ow At about th e dist anc e
’
'

of on e in ch and a qu art er beyon d an

— d on e in ch i nth e c ase of
a l ady s s t rin
’
g th e crownof this roun
— ded turnth e strin g m ust
b e sh arply b en t back an d this sharp b en d applied round th e
n
,

s t ring onthe other side of th e rou n

\ ded t ur ; Slip th e sharp
turna h ttle further do wnth e s trin g to ward s th e eye an d
twi st th e rem
,

a inin g rev erse d en d of th e st rin g three tim e s

rou n d th e loope d part of th e st rin g b egin
, ning inward s Th e .

sh arp tu rnmu st th enb e pu s h e d b a ck in to th e fi rst ben t po si

t i on Th e eye mu st n
. ow b e p a s se d ov er th e upp er ho rn an d ,

passe d f ar en ough downth e b ow to allow th e loop to b e p as se d

over th e lower hornan d in to i t s groov e an d th e lo op s hould
, .

b e so applie d in to this groove th at th e waste en d of strin g s h all

li e b e tweenth e sh arp turnan d th e horn(see fi g If th e
.

wast e en d of th e strin g b e th enkn ott e d fi rmly an d th e rem a in

, d er
cut off th e loop will b e fin
,
ish ed an ,d if s ucc ess f ully m an
, ag e d ,

will n ev er shift or st retch wh e nit h as o n c e reached i ts b ear

in gs Th e virtue i nthis loop i s that it i s q uit e f ast an
. d tight
wheni nu se an d y et it c anb e v ery readily slipp e d off an
, d
open e d f or readj u stm en t onth e sam e bow or for applic ationto,

an oth er how of diff eren t length By f ar th e n

. eat e s t fi n ish to
a bow st rin g i s th e additionof a s econ d eye in st ea d of th e loop ,

an d t hi s i s n ow évery rea dily d on e by th e b owmak ers f or th e ir

cu stomers at a sm all addition al ch arge ; but ev ery h an dy

arch er s ho u ld léarnhow to m ake thi s seco n d eye f or him s elf .

Th e followin g method i s re c omm en ded Wh enth e loop h as

.

be encorre ctly adjusted so that th e strin , g wh enth e b ow i s

,

brac ed i s at a s uitable di st an
, . c e from th e bow (i e s i x in che s
. .

or so f or a m an s bow or fi v e an d a half in ches f or a lady s b ow)

’ ’

m ark with i n k th e c ro wnof th e ro un d e d turnb efore men tion ed

( i .e t.h e poi n t of t h e s t ri ng o t of
,
n
t h e w as t e t w i s t e d r ou n d t h e

s t ring i nth e loop n eares t to th e upp er h o rn ) N o w u

. n b ra c e

th e b ow a n d t ak e off th e stri n g ; U n do th e loop a n .d s t ra i g ht en

46 A R CH E R Y

out th e string (see fig . At th e distan c e of one in ch an da

-

quart er (one i n ch i s suffi cient f or a l ady s strin’

g) from th e
ink m ark an
-
, d oneach s ide of it ti e tight roun
, d th e stringa

Strand1
“S t ran
d 3 Strand2

F ro 1 5
. . F ro 1 7. .

sm a ll pie c e of fin e wax e d th rea d ; cu t off th e wast e end of th e

s t ring at th e kn ot m ade i nfi n ishi ng th e loop Keep th e p art
.

of th e strin g b etweenth e two ties well woun d u p d urin g th e

whole of th e succeedin g stages of th e m an u facture Of this
48 A R CH E R Y

w h i ch s t rand 1
( ) h a s ju s t b ee n p a sse d, and t h e ne x t s t ra nd of
th e s trin g In.s ert it (2 ) un d er t hi s latt er stran d an d give th e
,

eye an oth er q uart er turn showing stran

, d (2) in sert ed (s ee

fig .

Stran d (3) as showni nfi g 2 1 mu st n

. ow b e b ent to th e le ft
ac ro ss th e c ent ral upright s tran d of th e strin g an d p as s e d ,

un der that st ran d and b rought out an d b ack to ward s th e right

again(see fi g .

Th e loop will n ow b e eye as s oo nas th e two tie s B

,

F I G 20
. .

a nd e h ave b eenbrought clo se together again and th e three ,

st r an ds loo s en
,
e d by con s t an t m an ip ul ation have b eenc are
,

fully waxed an d wou n d up again .

F rom thi s poin t there are two method s of proc eedin g : th e

on e which will compl et e th e eye so as t o res embl e th e m an
,
u
f ac tu d e by wi n di ng e a ch was t e s t rand roun d a nd roun d
re ey ,
.

i ts owncorre spon din g stran d ; an d for thi s method th e w as t e

s t ran d s should n ow b e tap ered b e fore th ey are woun d in .

By th e other meth od each was te stran d i n t urnshould b e

 OF TH E S TR I N G , B R A CE R , A N D 5 11 0 O TI N G GL O VE 49

p as s d over th e n
e ex t st ran d an d un der th e next b u t on e .

Th e waste stran d s will agai n occupy alt ern at e po sition s

b et weenth e oth er s tran ds W in . d up an d wax th e was t e

s t rand s againc aref ully E n .ough h as n ow b eendo n e to s ec ure

th e sa fety of th e eye sp li ce ; but it will b e b es t to s plice i n

-

once againeach of th e wast e s tran d s ; thenbind tightly over

th e was t e f or about h alf anin ch downth e s tri n g an d c u t of f
,

th e re main ing was t e s trands .

Ino rd er to t ap er th e was te s t ran d s divide each i n

, to two

equal p arts lengthwise after

, , po sition s howni nfi g 2 2
th e .

h as b eencom pl e t e d and wi th
, a blun t kn ife fin e d o wne ach

of th e t wo p art s gra dually till each t apers to n othing at th e

l ength of about two an d a h a lf in ch es from th e st rin g; n ow

work i nas m u ch wax as p o s s ibl e fl a tt en in

, g each of th e divi d ed
portion s i n s o d oin g ; rea dju s t th e divide d portion s an d ,

wi nd them c are fully togeth er again Th e was t e en . d s m ay

thenb e wou n d ro und an d rou n d th e app ropriat e s trand s u n til
they di sapp ear ; or th e fi rst m ethod of splicin g m ay b e c on
tin ne d till th ey fa d e off an d di s app ear so th at th e fi n
, i shin g
50 A R CH ER Y

proc ess of bindi n g an d cuttin g off th e wast e e n d s may b e

disp en s e d with . Dont bind th e ey e with strin
’
g l eath er o r
, ,

an y oth e r m at e ri al If .th e s tr i ng w a s o ri gi nally s u ffi cie ntly

thicker at this part i t s fi n , al failure i s v ery u n like ly to o ccur
at e ith er of th e eyes an d t h ere i s a gen
,
e ral b eli e f th at an y
un necessa ry c lo thi n g of t h e e y e int erfe r es with t h e c a s t of t h e

s t ring. If th e waste st ran ds antap ered b e sph ced i nand

, ,

i n v ery fre qu en tly th e st rin

, g will b e som ewhat shorten ed .

A st ri n g th at i s too short i e too f ar from th e b ow wh en

— . .

F I G 22
. .

b c d c an
ra e — not b e l ength ened without al tering th e loop o r
rem aki n g th e eye but a st ring that i s slightly t oo long— i e
, . .

not giving s uffi cient di st anc e bet weenth e st ring and how whe n
brace d c anb e short ene d by spin
— ning it up tighter but c are
m u st b e t akenn ot t o att em pt thi s op e ration with a h a rd

c emen t ed n
, e w s t ring as it will alm o st c ert ain
, ly prove fat a l
t o th e s trin g which will snap i ntwo at th e loo s e ; and no
,

s t ring should b e m uch spunup .

Th e n e xt thin g t o b e c onsid ered i s t h e nec ess ary c lothi n

g o f
 OF TH E S TR I N G, B R A CE R , A N D S H O O TI N G GL O VE -
5 1

th e t ing c all e d i ts lapp i n

s r , g With. o ut doubt t h e b e s t la pp gi n
o f all i s a thins t rip of w ha leb on e of th e width of about on
, e

e ighth of anin ch This m ay b e fast en

. e d onto th e s trin g at
a bou t two in ch es and a h alf from i t s (th e st ring s ) c en t re ’

(thi s i s c a lcul a t e d f o r t h e c ase o f a b o w who s e c e n t re or

fulc rum i s one inch b elow th e top of th e h an dle : if th e

c en t re b e at th e top of th e h an dle as i nold Fl em is h hows
, ,

th e l appin g n eed n ot b e s o l on g an d if th e c en
, t re b e lower
d ownthanone in ch as i nth e Sc otch m ake of h ows th e lap
, ,

p gm m u s t b e s till l
‘

on g e r ) w ith v e r y fi n e s t ri ng w a x e d , th r e a d ,

o r s ilk so th at t h e wh al e b on
,
e l appin g m ay b e wrapped clo sely
ro u n d th e st ring i nth e reverse d directionto th e grainor worm
of th e st rin g .

L et an arro w b e n ow appli e d re stin g onth e t op of th e

,

bow h and as if th e h and hold s th e h an dl e of th e bow i nsho ot

‘

in g, a n d e x ‘

a ctly at r ight a n gl es t o t h e b rac e d s t ri n g Thi s .

e x a ct right a n gle m u st b e c are fully att en d ed t o be c au se if , ,

th e upp er an gle b e anacut e angl e b et weenth e arrow an d

s t ri n g c a st or forc e will b e lo st i nth e forc e of th e c ast bein
, g
re s olve d a s shownp revi ou s ly i nth e c ase of anin c rease d i m
'

p e di me nt actin , g as anob structionto th e right lin e of forc e

t h e arrow will b eat it s elf was t e fully onth e top of t h e h an d in

overc omin g t h e u n n e c e s s a ry i m p e dim e nt ; a nd if thi s upp
, er

an gle b e anobtu s e an gle th e diff eren, c e b et weenth e lo wer an d

upp er p ortion s of th e s t rin g will b e in crea sed t o th e m an , ifest
in jury o f th e pre arran -
ge d b alanc e of th e li mb s of th e bow .

Mark c are fu lly onth e l appin g th e exact positionof th e c en t re

of th e n ock of th e arro w an d overlap with two or thre e st ran
, ds
of waxe d fi los elle very tightly for about on e third of a n i n
-
ch ,

with th e m ark und er i ts c en tre This i s th e n

. ockin g plac e -
.

Th e wh al eb on e l appi n g mu s t b e c arrie d downto th e length

of fi v e in ch e s i norder to sav e th e s tring from being fraye d
agai n s t th e s l e ev e arm gu ard & c ; an
, , d it will b e foun
. d th at
thi s l en g th of l apping will b e su ffi ci ent for an oth er n o ckin g
plac e if th e st rin g already provid e d with two eyes he turn
, ,ed

11 2
53 A R CH E R Y

over Th e occ asion

. al u s e of th e s eco n d n ockin g pl ac e will -

b e foun d to len gth enth e life of th e st ring by ch an gin g th e

p o s itio n of th e w e a r an d t e ar . A n arrow s trip of v ellum u se d

fre qu en tly to b e u sed f or l apping an d was ap ,

ph ed i n th e sam e way a s th e whalebon e L on g .

s trip s of th e s m ooth h ard cov erin g o f th e ri b of

th e pe ac ock s t a il feath ers were al s o i nhigh favour
’
-

as l appin g at on e tim e but w ere f oun

, d t o b e to o
frail Th e lappin
. g u s u ally applied to th e st rings ,

a s bought i nth e s hop s i s th ree st ran

, d s bound ,

ontog e th e r of w ax e d t win
, e a bout th e s ub s t an
, ce
u se d f or chemi st s parc el s an
’
d th e three st ran
, ds
are appli e d toge th er n ot s o much i nord er to fi n
, is h
t h e l appin g more quickly as to sa feguard th e ,

b ow from b reaki n g should th e st rin g snap Th e .

d an gerou s recoil i s th enc aught up by th e t ripl e

s t ren gth of lapping t win e w e ll s e cure d upo nth e

s trin g . Thi s of course i s suppo sin

, , g that th e
s t rin g h as brokenat or n ear th e n ockin g pl ac e -
.

It i s probabl e th at ev ery po ssibl e sort of twi n e h as

b eenat di fl eren t tim es t ri e d f or l appin g from th e

s o ftes t flo s s silk to t h e mo s t wiry fi sh i n g gut s -
,

which actually help to cut th e st rin g wheni nu se .

Aft er all th e b es t l appin

, g i s that which will
g iv e a go o d loo s e an d, a t th e s a m e tim e w ill b e

lastin g an d b e e asily an d quickly rep aire d sho ul d

it fail durin g th e shootin g Now all th e lappin
.
g s

al e ady m e n
r tio n e d are l i abl e to get loo se i nu s e ,

an d it t akes tim e to re fas tenthem Th e followin g.

som ewh at t e diou s p roc es s th e re s ult o f more th an

,
F
ty years o f exp erien
23
twen c e i s rec omm en
I G.
de d
.

.
,

T ake a n ak e d s t rin g with two eyes an d m ake a p en

, cil m ark -

onit f or th e e x act c e n tral po sitionof each of th e two n ocking

plac es Wax th e s tring well Wrap two st ran
.
. ds n in e in ch es
lon g of w axed (y ellow) filoselle tightly upon th e st ri ng a t
 OF TH E S TR I N G , B R A CE R , A N D S H O O TI N G GL O VE -
53

ea ch nockin g pl a
-
c e f o r t h e thi r d of a n in ch w ith, t h e p e n ci l
m ark un der th e c en tre of this third F as t enoff so th at th e
.

was t e en ds s hall come out clo se to these c en tre s Do n . ot cut

off th e w ast e en d s Now take three st ran

. d s o f wax e d fi loselle
o f an oth er colou r (re d) an d i nl en
, gth from on e yard to four

fe et Wrap this tightly roun

. d th e s trin g commen , cin g from
on e an d a qu art er in ch above th e on e n ockin g plac e an -
d ,

en din g at th e same dis t an c e be lo w th e oth er Apply thi s .

wrappin g th e con trary way to th e wo rm of th e string an d let ,

th e w as t e en d s of th e previou s wrapp i n g (it doe s n ot s ign ify

which way thi s i s applied) p as s out betweenth e wraps as they
occur N ow t ake other three stran
. d s of (green ) w ax e d fil o s e lle ,

o f t h e s am e l en g th a
, n d w ra p th e m tightly on ov e r a ll t h e

la s t wrappin g of red ; but this tim e wrap t h e same way as th e

worm of th e stri n g Againlet th e fi rs t en
. d s o f th e ye llow
wrappi n g pas s out Th e prin
. cipal wrappin g is n ow com pl e t e ,

an d th e wast e en ds of (yellow) filos elle are ready i nplac e

to complet e th e n e c es s ary t hi cke n in g for th e n ocking plac es -
.

This lappin g i s very firm an d l astin g It c an

. not get loose i n
u s e an
, d it i s i ne very part c ap able of a lm o st in st an t an e ous

re pair an, d th e arch er h a s n o n ee d to c arry about hi m an y

oth er m at erial s th ana f ew pi e c es of filo s elle s om e wax , an d ,

a kn ife .

Th e mos t co n ven ien t po s ition f or l apping a st rin g is

ass u m e d by pass in g th e le ft leg through b e twe enth e brac ed
bow an d i t s s t rin g an d s ittin g downwith th e strin g upp er
mos t and th e b ow st ave under t h e t hi gh Thi s de s c ription .

of th e op erationof lappin g wi ll b e in complet e without i n s tru c

tion s f or fas t e n in g off for th e b en

, e fi t of b e gin ners .

I nt h e commen c em e n t of lappin g th e e n d i s p as se d un der ,

an d th e wrappi n g i s tightly bound over it fi ve or si x ti m es ,

till it i s con s id ere d s uffi cien tly s ecure To fi n

. i s h off th e sam e ,

operati oni s re vers e d thu s : arres t th e l appin

, g by passi n g
th e filos elle or what e ver th e m ate ri a l i n use m ay b e over
, ,

th e thu mb of th e l e ft h an d in, t erp os e d b et weenth e l apping

 54 A R CH E R Y

m at erial an d th e st rin g Wrap th e l appin .

g m a t e ri a l up o n t h e

s t ri ng th e re vers e way to th at i nwhich it h a s b e e np re viou s ly

wrappe d ab o ut fi v e or si x tim es (s ee fi g K e e p th e .

m at erial a b tight dr awnwith th e l e ft thu m b whil s t thi s i s

-

b e in do n d n cl t i n g
n
g e N o w ra w. t h e e d c fi
( g 2 4) o s e t o t h e s. r ,

an d alo g i ts le n gth so th at i t m ay li e clos e b et wee np art a

n
,

an d th e s tri g Now t ake th e pi e c e a b fro m off t h e l e ft

.

thumb and draw th e p art a up t o th e lapping al re a dy applie d

,
.

Bi n d p art a onto th e st ring This bi nding wi ll u n . wi n d th e

p a r t 6 C o ntin
.u e thi s till a ll b i s u n w o u nd from t h e s t rin g
an d woun d ona gain Now h old tight th e remainder u n
. wo u n d
o f a b with th e l e ft han d D raw it .

through u nd er th e lappin g with th e

right h a n d ; but th e s urplu s po rti on
o f a b t o b e dr awn th r o ugh m u s t b e

k ept tight to th e l ast by th e inserti on

.

o f th e l e ft littl e fi n ger t o p reve n t ki nk

in g a n d c o ck l i ng w h i ch w o uld s p o
, il
th e fin i sh With th e sam e obj ect i n .

view ke ep th e wast e part a b as s hort

,

a s p o ssibl e Filo s elle b eing a l oos e ly

.
,

wo un d m at eri al ea s ily p as s e s through ,

F m 24
this fi nis h but th e kin kin g o f s om e o f
n
‘ °

th e other tight w o u d m at e ri al s re n d ers this fi n

Q

-
i sh troubl e
s om e if it h a ve t o b e d rawnun der m any wrap s .

TH E B R ACE R o nAR M G U AR D .

Th e
bj e ct of th e a rmgua rd or b ra c er i s to prot e ct th e l e ft
o

a rm an d wrist from th e blowof th e s trin g i nthe event of thi s

s t rikin n
g up onit whe l oos e d Th e exp res s ion i nth e event o f.
‘

i s e sp e cially m e an t to imply th at i nm ost c ases no n e e d e xi s t s

for th e s tring s s t riking th e arm at all ; but if th e b ow b e low

'

'
’

s t un g or follow th e s t ring a s it i s c alle d i t i s imp os sibl e t o

’

r — —
,

avoi d ano cc asi on al s m a rt bl o w i n th e n e ighb o u rh o o d o f th e

 56 A R CH E R Y

th e h an dle of th e how so as to remove th e in

, ner outline of
th e arm farther from th e pla n e i nwhich th e st rin g act s t han ,

to in creas e th e cert ain ty of anai m di st urb in

-
g blow by ad di n g
t h e thickn e s s of anarmguard to th e alrea dy e xi s tin g impe di
men t or but this i s on
— ly men tio ne d as analt ern ativ e n ot ,

recom m en de d f or gen e ral a doption th e arm may b e s lightly

b ent outwards at th e elbow Some try to avoid this un

. ne
c e s s ary hittin g of th e arm by keepin g their bows very high
s t run g ; but thi s should b e avoided a s it i s v ery tryin
, g to both
th e bow an d th e s trin g an d it i s gen
, erally b eli ev e d th at by

k eepin g a bow hi gh strun-

g som e of i t s c ast i s lo st .

Th e old fashion-
e d b rac er of which th ere are s till m an
,
y
mod ernrepresen t atives although Mr Ford i nh i s book su c
— .
, ,

c e ss fu lly d e moli sh e d t h e arm guard hittin g th eory which was ’

-
,

uph eld by mo st pre viou s writ ers onth e s ubj ect was an — d is , ,

c ert ai n ly a dmirably c alcul at ed to b e hit as much as po ssible ,

b eing oft enmad e of very thick leath er an d hn ed an

, d p adde d
a s w e ll . I f som eth i n g of thi s sort failin , g other exp e di en t s to
a void h urt in g th e arm must b e u se d let it b e as thinan
, , d
clo se fi tti n
-
g a s po ss ibl e a
,
n d i n p articul ar clo s e fi t ti ng f o
-
r th e

fou r inches or s o n e xt to th e wri s t where th e re ckl e ss old

,

arm gu ard s u s e d to p roj e ct a s much as h alf anin ch ready to ,

welcom e th e blow of th e s trin g s everal in ch es s oon er than

nee d b e And to avoid t e worst blow of all th at d elivered

.
,
h —

uponth e t0 p of th e arm guard wh ere it i s sh ape d to th e b en d

o f th e e lbow — le t th e upp er strap b e c arrie d roun d above th e
e lbow so tha t it d raw s th e fron t of th e gu ard tight as th e arm
i s st raight e n ed .I ns pit e of all th at h as b eens aid above it ,

c an not b e denie d th at s uch i s th e persis tent d et erm inatio nof

,

arrows well a im e d an

n
d well loo s e d to reach th e t arg et th ey ,

will c ert ai n ly v ery o ft ens ucc ee d n ot with standing freq en

, t
in t errupti ons from an armguard i n a ddition to th e natural
diffi cultie s Too m uch c are c an
. not b e t akento s e e th at when
fast ene d n o e dg e or corn er of th e arm gu ard p rot rud e s th at

c a nby p os s ibility ob s t ruct th e fre e p ass ag e o f th e st rin g In .

 OF TH E S TR IN G, B R A CE R , A N D S H O O TI N G GL O VE -
57

s pit e of good old Asch am s st atem en ’

t th at th e s trin g glidin g ‘
,

quickly an d s harply Off it ! th e b rac er!

’
may m ake a sh arp er
,

s h oot (h
’
e a l s o a dvi s e d th a t th e h ow b e high s t run g s o th a t -
,

thi s hitting may b e avoide d) th e guard should b e m ade of

,

m oderat ely s oft an d yi eldin g but p erfectly smooth leather ,

an d n ot of an y h ard m a t erial T h e s ilv.er armgu ar d which ,

m ay b e fittin g en ough as a trophy for th e Field C apt ainof

th e R oyal T o xophilit e Soci ety would b e about as much out of
,

plac e durin g th e shooti n g of th e York Round a s th e an cien t

Sc ortonarrow wo ul d b e am on gst th e sha fts i nu s e durin g on e

o f th e an nual Yorkshire m eetings .

TH E S H OOTING GL OVE ,
-
AN D OTH ER Pn
orE c rron
s
'

F OR TH E F IN GER S .

Th e old fa shion
-
ed ch er s glov
ar
’
till i nu se i nScotlan
e — s d ,

a d p e h ap s occ as ion
n r ally e l s ewh e re — re s e mbl e s a boxi n g glove -
,

b e in g m a d e of thick buck skin an

'

d c alcul at e d to prote c t th e
,

h an d from some of th e acciden t s of war It wa s provide d .

with a pock et for extra st rings wax an d oth er n

, ,
ec es s ari e s on

i t s b ack ; an dn o doubt o wn e d a com p an ionglove for th e b ow

h an d also c alculat e d to p rot ect i t from in
, jury Thi s glove .

h as pie c es o f h ard l ea th er sewnonto th e en d s of th e fi n gers

‘

a s a furth e r p rot ecti ona g ain s t th e st rin g ; and leath er strap s ,

p as s ing round th e root s of th e fi n gers and alon g th e b ack of

th e h an d are tie d tightly roun
, d th e wrist to preven t th e fi n ge r

guards from b e in g dra gge d forward out of plac e at th e loose .

Th e prot e ctionf or th e fi n gers which i s prob ably b est

,

kn own to b e gin ners and old fashioned archers consist s of

-
,

three con ic al tip s or thimble s of l eath er each sewnup at th e ,

bac k of th e fin g er an d att ach e d al s o at th e b a ck to lo n

,
— — g
s t rip s of l e a th er c on nect e d at th e b ack of th e h and so as to
,

form on e pi e c e which i s fi x e d upon a strap which pass es

,

roun d th e wrist an d i s fas t en e d s e cu re ly by a buckl e (fi g .

Th ere i s n othin g to b e said a g ain s t thi s d e sc riptionof sh oot

in g
-
glov e if a thi m bl e c a n b e got to fit e a ch of th e fi n g ers
58 A R CH E R Y

a ccurat ely ; but a s it c anseldom h ap penth at m a re ady m a de

,

a rticl e a p erfe ct fi t c an b e fo u n d this form of fi n

, g e r gu a r d
h a s b ecom e un fashionable and h as gone out of favour It was
,
.

prob ably never m ad e with th e thimb le s of th e right sort o f

-
,
n
l eath er (horse butt ) as th e s oft er a d m ore pliable sort s o f
l eath er woul d b e more s uit able
to fi t all com e rs It e ff e ctually
.

obvi a t e s one o f th e di ffi c ul ti es

which occurs t o m ost b e gi n ners

— th at o f re cove rin g their tip s
wh enth ey h ave b eens c att e re d
all ov er th e s h ootin g l awn -
.

Th e tab (s ee fi g 2 6) i s pro
‘ ’
.

b ably one of th e mo st ancient

of finge rguard s an
-
d it h as s o
,

m an y m erit s th at it c ann eve r

b e altogeth e r di s c ard e d An y .

arch e r m ay q uickly m an u f ac

ture it ou t of ah o st an y s or t
of leath er and it i s very readily
,

a lt ere d or re pl ac e d an d it i s , .

no impedim ent to th e free u se

of th e fi ngers f or oth er p urpo se s
th an loo sin g anarrow Th e .

whole of th e first fi n ger of th e

right h and i s p as se d right
through th e op enin g A from
F I G 25
th e s id e not s een an
. .

d th e tip ,

o f th e fi n ger i s plac e d ona Th e third fi n

. ger i s s imil arly
pa sse d th rough B an d i ts tip li e s o nB Th e m iddl e fi n ge r i s
n
.
,

ow : plac e d on b It will b e fou nd th at th e tab i s now ‘

n
.

s e cu re ly fa s t en e d f or u s e th e s t ri n
, g b ei g applie d t o th e s id e
not s een Th e tab c anb e re adi ly turne d downi nto th e p alm
’

o f th e h a n d whil s t th e arrowi s applie d to th e st ring Th e .

t ab i s th e nre pl ac e d onth e tip s o f th e fi n gers and applie d

 OF TH E S TR I N G, B R A CE R , A N D S H O O TI N G GL O VE 59

t o th e t in
s r g with th e arrow at th e b ott om of th e op ening
,

b et weenth e p art s a and b Th e one drawb ack t o this de

.

s c ripti ono f fi nge r gu a rd i s th at th e arrow co m es int o a c tu a l

n
-

c o t act with th e side s of th e fi rst and s econd fi nge rs and ,

b egin ners are sp ecially p erpl ex e d with th e di ffi culty of ke eping

th e arrow applie d t o th e prop e r pl ac e onth e sid e o f th e b ow
n
during th e Operatio of pulli ng up owin g t o too t i ght a pinch
,

b et weenth e fi ng ers giv enby th e b ent s t rin

,
g T h is s am e .

difficulty o ccurs al so with other g u ard s but th e : result s are ,

not s o p ainful as th e c orner o f th e nail i s prot ect e d by l eath er

,

FIG . 26 .

from th e n e c k o f th e a rrow Th e tab i s n

. ot th ere fore t o b e
, ,

re c omm en d e d f or th e u se of b egin ners Should any archers

.

b e t em pt e d to u s e it wh enth e fi rs t diffi cult i es are o verc om e ,

it will b e found th at th e ins ertionof a p i ec e o f c ork or l e ath er

'

b et weenth e fi rs t a nd se cond fi ngers will ov erc om e th e t roubl e

c au se d b y this pinch Th e t ab as b e fore m entione d m ay b e
.
, ,

m a d e o f on e pie c e o f le ath er but it i s bett er to h ave it m ade

of two piec e s s ewnt oge th er as sh owni nth e sk etch (s ee fi g
,
.

th e p art appli ed t o th e st rin g b e ing m ade o f hors e butt which -

,
’

i s a brittl e sort o f l e ath er th e p art t hrough which th e fi n

, gers
are p as s e d b ein g m a de of s ome more s upple l eath er .
60 A R CH E R Y

B e fo re th e more e laborat e and s ci entifi c fi n

st all or
ger -

guard s com e to b e consid ere d th e re m ain in g simple an d old

fashion e d on es mu st b e compl et e d .

N ext inord er comes ano rdin ary glov e which h a s late ly ,

com e p rom in en tly to th e fron t b ec au se th e con

, s t an t u se of a
good thi ck dogskinglove h as en abl e d t h e Ch ampio n of 1 88 4
to keep hi s pl ac e i n1 8 8 5 an d 1 88 6 To thi s may b e apph ed th e
.

dogmatic words of Mr Ford (slightly alt ere d) wi th referen

. ce
to th e tab : This does n ot ho we v er a lt er m y opin
, , i onas to
i t s b e in g de cid e dly anin ferio r m ethod as wh o shall say how ,

m uch more ! h e! might h ave e xc ell e d h a d ! h e! a dopt e d a diff e

ren t an d ! les s! ration al on e

A well fi tti n g
-
glov e m ay b e i m p rov e d
by sewing sm all piec es of pigskinor oth er
s mooth s oun d l eath er o v er th e tip s of th e
fin gers (s ee fi g .

Con s t an t practic e on th e h arp h a s

b eenkn own to enable a l a dy to dis pen se

with an y a rtifi ci a l p rot e ctio n a n d to m a k e ,

th re e gold s at on e en d at on e of th e
F
rc 27
L eami n gt onm eetin
. .

gs .

An other method of prep arin g th e fi n gers for n ake d apph

c ationto th e bowst rin g i s to u se th em indu striou sly as pipe

s t opp ers ; but as s om e arch ers do n ot s m ok e an d it might ,

not b e easy for a nonsmoker to get employm ent as a pipe

-

s topp er to oth ers wh o do a more c on ,

venien t way of h arden in g
th e fi n gers would b e by droppin g onhot s ealin g wax an d th en
-
,

di ppin g th e fin ger in to s alt .

It i s un d en iable th at permanently s ucc ess f ul shootin g

d ep e n d s mo stly uponane ven c ert ain and un , varyi n
, g loo se ,

an d s uch a loo s e c ano n ly b e att ain e d by th e h elp of th e m o s t

s uit able glov e tip s tab

, , or oth er p rot e cti on f or th e fi n
,
gers .

Th e arch er m us t h ave th e p erfe ct co mm an d of th e s t rin g an d ,

of th e exact h ow an d wh en it sh all b e allowe d to qui t th e

fin gers If th e glove &c b e too loo se or too tight thi s n
. . ece s ,
 OF TH E S TR I N G, B R A CE R , A N D S H OO TI N G GL O VE -
61

sar y comm and i s lo st I nth e fi rs t c ase th e feeli n

. g of ins e
,

cu ri ty give s a h esit atin g un c ert ain ty to th e loo se an d i nth e

‘

se con d th e power of th e fi n
, gers i s so crampe d that a s en sa

tionof di s tortionc rippl e s their b est eff ort s Further too thick .
,

a glove & c in t erferes with th e proper feel of th e s trin g; ’

.

whil s t on e tha t i s too thin by hurtin , g th e fin gers c a u ses ,

th em to flin ch from th e p rop er d egree of c risp sharpn e ss

req ui s it e f or a p erfe ct loo se Still f urther with too h ard a

.
,

s ub s t an c e met al f or in
—
,
s t an c e : fin g e r tip s h a v e b -
ee n occ a

si on ally ma d e of s ilver — th e s trin g c an not b e with c ert ainty

re t a in e d till th e p rop er in st an t of loos in g wh il st with leath er ,

t h at i s too soft an d s odd en th e s trin , g c an not b e quitt ed with

out a j erk that st aggers th e bow arm -
.

It will b e seentherefore that po s itive rules can

, , not b e laid
downas to e ither th e siz e make sh ape or m aterial of th e , , ,

fin ger -
gu ard s ; a s ea ch in di v idu a l mu s t b e s uit e d ac co r di n g
to th e pec u h ar n ature of hi s ownfi n gers b e they c allous or ,

t en der st ron
, g or weak clum sy or dext erou s
, .

In1 8 59 it m ay h ave b eengood a dvic e to arch ers to m an u

fact ure th eir ownfin g e r gu a r d-
s though M r
, Fo r d c a n didly .

c on fe s se d th at th e en deavours of tenyears h ave hardly s u c

c ee de d i nproducin g fin g e r s t a ll s -
p e r fe ctly to my sa ti s fa ctio n .
’

I t may b e sa fely assert e d h owe ver that it i s b ett er to u s e

‘

, ,

th e thin ner leather (provi de d it b e thick enough to protect

th e fi n gers from p ain ) a n d
, t h e s t a ll s mu s t b e co n s t r uct e d so

a s to c on fin e th e h an d an d c ramp th e k n uck les as h ttle a s

po ssibl e .

Th e Mason fin g e r s t all -
d e s c r ib e d, by M r Fo r d co n s i s t e d .
,

of a piece of le ather p artly s urroundin g th e tip of th e fi nger ,

an d con nect e d over th e nail with vulcan ised in dia rubber -

,

an d kept i nplac e by a rin g also o f in ,dia rub ber or pre fer -

,

ab ly of s ilver p as s i n , g over b oth j oin t s of th e fin ge r a n d ,

c on necte d i nsid e th e hand with the st all by m eans of a thin

ton gue of i n dia rubb er about an in
-
ch or an in ch and a
h alf lon g ; a guard or stop i s pl ac e d upon each st all about ,
 62 A R CH E R Y

h alf an in ch from th e top by which (stop) th e li n , e of th e

fin gers and po sitionof th e s t rin g i s re gul at e d & c A very

'

.
,

s i m ilar fi n g e r gu a r d p
-
r o d u c e d by
,
M r Buch a n a n o f . 2 1 5
Picc a dilly wa s m ad e clo se d at th e fi nge r end s o as to prot ect
, ,
-
,

th e top of th e fi n ger from p ossible in j ury .

I nth ese fi n g e r gu a r d s t h e -
s t0 p o r c a tch o f l e a th e r o n t h e

in s id e o f th e fi n ger fi rst m ak es i t s public appe aran c e but th e ,

c on trivan c e i ni ts e ntirety h as c omple t e ly gone o u t of favour

—prob abl o i n g h u n t u t o rthin e s s of in di ubb
y w t o t e r s w a r e r -

n
,

eve th ough it b e vulc ani se d Th e co n ne cting rin m ov d

'

.
g re e
th e ob j e ction to th e se separat e tip s th at un les s they Were ,

glued onor too ti gh t (b oth undesirable) they were sadly l i able

'

t o s lip off at th e lo ose Al s o th e c on . necting ton gue o f in di a

rubb er m ight en able th e lowe r p art o f th e fi n ger to con t ribut e
s om e t rifl e o f s upp ort to th e tip o f th e fi n ger at i ts fullest
s t ra i n an
, d c ert ai n ly it would as si s t to c atch th e fi n g e r tip -

b ack from th e sprawle d po s ition (m uch obj e ct e d to by s ome

in st ruct ors i n thi s c ra ft ) s o m e ti m e s a ss um e d a ft e r a d ea d

loose .

Mr J am . e s Sp e ddi n g a n d M r H C M ul e s a.b o ut . th
. e s a m e,

tim e that Mr H A Ford an . . d oth ers were m a kin

. g e x peri
m en t s i nth e co n s t ructi onof th e ir o wnfi n tip co n t iv d
'

g e r s r e -
,

a litt le b rass n utt e d s crew bolt f or securin -

g th e fi n g er tip s -

sa fe ly up onth e fin gers without th e un c ert ain actionof india

rubb er or i nan, y w a y c ra m pi n g t h e a ctio n o f t h e fi n g er j o i n t s -
.

FI G . 28 .

Thi s little c on t rivanc e i s three q uart ers of aninch l ong Th e -

.

nu t A i s fi xe d but th e nu t B canb e m ove d to any po siti onon

,

th e c
s re w bolt -
.

Thi s c ont rivance pas se d through th e hole s at a an

is d b
(s e e fi g 2 9 ).o f a fi nge r tip s h a p e d thu s O f cou
-
r se t h e e nd .

o f th e s c re w bolt over which th e n

-
u t B i s p a s se d a ft er th e
64 A R CH E R Y

with th e Mules Sp eddin co nt rivan c e a dd e d , an d al s o a c atch

-
g ,

and a s t rap ov er th e nail ,

f or k e e pin g it i n po s itio n .

T he p a rrot -
b ea k fi
( g 3 2
.
) i s a furth er d e ve lopm ent of th e

Mul e s Speddi n
-
g tip ,
with th e brass bolt om itted T hi s i s n ot .

Fm . 31 .

an i mprovement as th e sewin , g if it s udden ly failed could

, ,

not b e readily replaced .

Mr J Sp e ddin
. .
g h a d a fu rth e r co nt riv anc e which b rought
th e h ttle fin ger i nto th e ass i st an c e of th e third fi n ger This .

wa s m an age d by s e cu rin g a loop to th e guard for th e thir d

fin ger T his loop was p as sed over th e h ttle fi n
. ger which was ,

tightly curle d up toward s th e p alm of th e h an d thu s s upport ,

F I G 32 . .

ing th e third durin g th e strainof th e ai m Th e little fi n ge r .

wa s of c o urse u n
,
curle d a t th e in
,
s t an t of loo s e .

S oona fter 1 8 59 Mr H A Ford b e ganto lo se th e alm os t

. . .

perfect comman d which h e h ad durin g abou t tenyears po s se s s e d

, ,

o ver th e b ow Wh ether this failure aro se from th e u se of b ows

.
 OF TH E S TR I N G, B R A CE R , A N D S H OO TI N G GL O VE
-
65

that were too st ron g c au sing actual phys ic al in

, j ury to s ome
of th e mu s cl e s e n gaged inth e actionof pullin g up or loo sin g;
o r wh e th er it aro se from s ho otin g too much ; or wh e th er it
a ro s e from lo s s of n erv e a n d co n fid en c e through over an
, xiety
-

t o e xc e l an, d keep i nfron t of all th e opp on en t s wh o profitin ,

g
by h i s in st ructio n b egan to t re a d cl ose up onh i s h e el s will
, ,

never b e known; but c ert ainit i s that b e fore h e reapp eared

a s Ch ampio nat B right oni n1 8 6 7 with h i s fo u rth b es t G ran
, d
N ation al s core of (h i s b e tt e r s c o re s b e i ng , at

Ch e lt e n h am i n1 8 5 7 , at E x e t er i n1 8 5 8 an , d at

Shrewsbury i n h e h a d t ak ento weak bo ws an d light

a rrows an , d h ad t ri e d several diff eren t combin atio n s of fin gers
f o r l oos in g Thus h e c on
. t rive d a fi nger tip for th e littl e fi n
-
ge r ,

t o th e b ack of which h e att ach e d th e third fi n ger so th at th ese

,

t wo m ight c om bin e to do th e work Of on e fin ger This did n

. ot

p rove succ es sful ; but h e was satisfi e d with hi s final ex peri

m en t whi ch consi st e d of a tip for th e first fi nger onto th e
, ,

b ack o f which h i s sec ond fin ger wa s al so applie d ; an d h e h as

b eenh eard t o de clare h i s b eh e f th at if h e could h ave t rie d
thi s loose i nh i s b e st d ay s h e might h ave im prove d u ponh i s
‘

be st s c ores .

O ccasionally th e sec ond and third fingers are furni she d

wi t h a d o ubl e c e ll tip f or th e p arall e l action of th ese two
-

fin gers ; but a s con t rivan c es of thi s sort are but th e pl ay

t hin gs of brokendownarch ers of whom al as th ere are too
- —
, ,

m an y they are n
— ot m e n tion e d with an y vi e w o f re c om m e nd
in
’

g th e m u ntil a ft
, e r p ati en t t ri al t,
h e oth er si mpler fi n ge r

gu ard s h ave fail e d .

A pie c e o f s tron g quill i s s ometime s sewnuponth e insi de

of th e tip with th e leath er c atch so as to p reven t th e string
from gett i n g emb e dd e d i nth e leath er and to quickenth e loo s e
,

but i t s in t erferenc e with th e fee l of th e st rin

‘ ’
g argu es against
i t s e mploym en t .

It i s evendoubtful wh eth er an ything but th e most c autio u s

u s e of th e le ath e r c atch to th e fi n g e r tip
-
m a y n o t b e m o s t
66 A R CH E R Y

d an ge ro u.s M a ny o f t h e b e s t s hot s do no t u se it ; an d th o ugh

no d oubt th e c ert ainty of th e one be st po sitionfor th e string
onth e fi n gers ; whenth e arch er i s at h i s b e st will pro duce m os t
,

e xc ell ent re sult s y et th e p os s ibility th at a perm an

, , ent b re ak
downmay b e th e re s ult o f th e u se of t h e s ame c atch wh enth e
arch er i s ou t of c on ditionor pra ctic e or perh ap s tire d sh ould
, ,

make every arch er c are ful to avoid th e lo s s o f lib erty of hold

th at m ay b e foun d advisable un der varying circum st an c es
.
 CHAP TE R V .

OF TH E GR E A S E B OX , TA S S E L , B E L T, E TC
-

TE E Ga u ss Box .

T he grea s e -
box no d oubt anim portant p art of anarch er s
was , ,
’

e q uip m e nt wh enprep ared for b attle a s h e h ad to b e out i nall ,

w eath ers an d th e gre as e it c on

, t ain e d c ould alon e h e lp h i m to

a void t h e ill c on se quen c e s of moisture ab out h i s shootin g glove -

.

Th e m o de rnarch er i s seldom c alle d up onto shoot m ore t h an ,

po s sibly on ,e en d i n a s uddensh owe r ; an d m an yn ow n e ver

c arry a gre ase b ox at all -

Y et th ere i s n
. o obj e ctionto i t s u s e .

I t s h ould c on t ainvaselin e which may b e o cc a s i on

, ally appli e d

t o th e fin g er gu a rd s-
an d t o t h e
, l a ppi ng w h e re i nco n t a ct with
th e fi n gers ; al so th e arrows ab out th e footin
, g m ay b e gre ase d
to pre ven t th e pain t from th e t arget fac e s adherin g to th em
-
.

TH E T ASS EL .

He mu st b e a go od arch er in dee d wh o c an disp en se with

this n e c e ssary a ddit i onto h i s e quip m e n t Th e t assel i s u su .

ally m ad e o f gre enwo rs t e d an d i t s p rim ary u se i s to rem ove

,

an y dir t th a t m ay a dh e re to t h e a r ro w w h e n it i s d ra wn from
th e groun d b u t th e hea d of it m ay b e u se d for c arryin
, g a f ew
pin s
, an d c on c eale d withinth e o ut er frin ge m ay b e kept a
sm a ll pie c e o f o il e d fl an nel to b e apph ed to th e arrow occ a
,

s i on ally s o a s t o p re v en
, t th e paint from s tickin g onto th e sha ft .

Th e t a s s l h o uld
e s b e of mod at e
e r di m e s i on
n s — i nfact th e ,

smalle r th e b e tt e r pro vid e d it b e big en

, ough f or u se It i s .

usually h ung onto a buttonof a gen tlem ans coat but la dies ’

usu ally wear it att ached to th eir girdl es .

68 A R CH E R Y

TH E B E L T QU IVER
, ,
E TC .

I nfo rm er day s a leath er b elt wa s cons idere d ab solut ely

nece s sary and some h ave b eenknownto consider them se lve s
,

m ore fu lly dres se d for anarch ery co n t est wi th th e greenb aiz e

b a g f or th e b ow s urro u n din g th e wai st It was c ert ainly u se
.

ful an
, d kept togeth e r th e variou s thin
,
gs theni nu se n am e ly , ,

th e glove th e quiver th e t assel th e greas e box th e t abl et s

, , ,
-
,

f or sco rin g th e pricker f or th e same purpo se th e armgu ard

, , ,

&c . A we ll appoin t e d archer of th e pre s ent day devot e s a c oat

-

s p eci ally f or th e pu rpo s es o f arch ery an d thi s i s fi tt e d with a

,

l ong leath er line d p ocket let into th e b a ck o f th e co at to th e

-
,

l eft of th e left b ack butt on Thi s pocket h old s h i s arrows

-
.
,

an d b e c ome s h i s quiver Th e t a s sel i s att a ch e d t o a fron

. t
b utton An .
y s uit a bl e n o t e bo ok w ith -
a p en cil go e s int o a

pocket t akin ,
g th e plac e of th e t ablet an d p ricker As a b e lt .

is n ot th e m o s t con v en ien t re c ept a cle for th e re st of h i s equi p

m ent no b elt i s c arri e d A s l a die s are n
,
. ot y et s o we ll
p ro

v i ded with pocket s a s ge n tl ementh ey st i ll fi n , d it a lmo st ab eo

lu tely n ec e s s ary to c arry a b elt f or th e ir vario u s re q ui s it e s ,

an d s om e wi ll e venvolun t arily (or perh ap s involun t arily i n ,

th e c a se of th e Champion e s s o f th e We s t ) h an dic ap them selve s

by c arryin g th e wh ole app aratu s i nsolid s ilver .

TH E S COR I N G APPAR ATU S .

An o di n ary n o t e b ook fi tt e d with a p en cil i s f t h

y r oy ar e
-

b e st thin g f or k eeping th e c orrect rec ord of anarch er s score ’

.

Very con ven ien t scoring b ook s are t o b e b ought at th e archery

-

s h op s an ,d th ese co n t ainu s ually th e form s for York B ou n ds

f or gen tl em en and N ati on ,
al B oun ds f or l adies to b e fi lle d up ,

with pl ainfigure s e n tered i nth e right pla c e s as th e s cores are

ma de . Th e obj ectionto th es e book s i s th at th e roun d s shot
are n ot in variably York an d N atio n al roun ds T h at t h e .

in gen iou s may b e save d th e t roubl e of re in ven tin g th e b est

 OF TH E GR E A S E B OX ,
-
TA S S E L , B E L T, E TC . 69

scoring app aratu s of p ast time s it i s h ere d es crib ed A c ard

-
.

35 inches by at in ch es was s lipp ed in to a s i lver frame which ,

wa s m uch like th e con trivan c e u se d f or direction c ard s f or

luggage i nt ravelling B et weenth e c ard and th e b ack of t h e
.

M r F ord sh ot not h er doze narrow s at 60 y ards sc ori ng 80 and s h ows h i s sc ore

a
i nt h e S t G eorge s B ou n
.
, ,

d t o b e 6 54 f ro m 1 0 4 h i t s
’
. .

FIG . 33.

s ilver frame was a l eather p ad of th e same siz e as th e c ard .

A prick er was u s e d to record th e s c ore onth e c ard an d th e ,

leath er pad prot ect e d th e poin t o f th e pricker from th e silver

back Th e c ard h ad engrave d uponit th e form of th e roun
. d
u s u ally shot Th e form f or a York Roun
. d i s h ere
g iv e n . Th e
figu re s o n th e l e ft h a n d s id e i ndic a
-
t e

th e t welv e doubl e en ds of si x arro ws each 7 2 —

B
a rrows s hot at 1 0 0 y ard s ; th e m iddl e fi gu re s
in dic at e th e eight d oubl e en
M
d s o f si x arrow s each 8
{1 1
— 4
8 arrow s at 8 0 yard s ; an d th e fi gure s onth e
right h an
-
d sid e indic at e th e four doubl e end s at
—
60 y ard s 2 4 arrow s Thi s form i s no w fi ll ed up
. i

with th e b e s t York Roun

d

d th at M r H A Ford R . . .
e

e v er m ad e a s re c ord e d by hi m s e lf an
, d h ere giv en , d

i n fac sim il e
11

It i s b eliev e d th at th e wond erful

o
G
.

s core h ere re cord e d of 8 0 9 fro m 1 37 hit s i nth e

, ,

York Roun d was mad e at Ch elt en

, ham about S ept ember 4 ,

1 8 5 5 ; but th rou gh an u n
, a ccou n t abl e wan t of c ourt esy o n
th e p art of th e F ord fam ily th e accu rate d at e of thi s s c ore
,

c annot b e giv en as a fact It i s not en

. t ere d i nth e way
 70 A R CH ER Y

in ve n te d by th e R e v J B ramh all which in

. . di c ates n
,
o t on ly th e
hit s m ad e but al so th e order i n which th e arrows were shot
,
.

Thus (see p 69) s ay th e firs t arro w shot at 1 00 yards hi t th e

.
, ,

red th e secon d was a gold an d th e thi rd a mi ss ; th e fo urth

,

arro w wa s a re d ; th e fi fth was a bl a ck an d th e s ixth a gold , .

E ach s et o f vertical spac e s for whit e s blacks blue s reds and , , , ,

gold s i s allott ed to a double end of si x arrows Th e re sult of .

th e fi rs t arrow i s m arke d onth e l e ft han d s id e at th e top th e

-
,

s e co nd onth e le ft h an d s ide i n th e middl e an

-
d th e third on ,

th e l e ft han
-
d side at th e bottom Th e sam e i s d on . e with th e

next three arrows onth e right hand s ide O f co urs e wh en

-
.
,

an arrow m i s s e s th e t a rg e t n o m ark i s m a d e an
, d th e ord e r ,

of th e m i s se s i s s how nby th e hit s .

A t ran s l atio nint o t h e m od e rnmeth od o f F ord s be st ’

s co re i s h ere giv e n .

1 00 Y a rds
973 9 71
7 55 71 1
75 9 73
751 9 53
73 9 77
55 3 7 33
S c ore
8 0 Y a rds 344 Total s
977 97 9 55 9 73
9 53 993 975 975
9 75 9 73 7 55 7 55
9 51 77 5 9 53 9 55

60 Y a rds 30 1 Totals
99 7 99 5
7 53 775
1 64 Tot als

G rand t ot als 1 37 8 09

Th e incurable fault o f thi s m eth o d of scori n g by prick marks -

i s th at it i s im po s s ible t o c orrect a mi s t ak e or t o verify th e ac cu

racy of s co re s as re c ord e d (I.s th ere no t t h e Hib e rni an s tory
of th e arch er who i np erfe ct good faith b elieve d that h e made
, ,

se v e nty three hits with s even

-
ty two arrow s at sixty yard s 2)
-
72 A R CH E R Y

of an oth er an d re s train
, s by i ts s te rn ly d em on s tratin g figures
tho s e flight s of im agin ationocc as ion ally in dulge d i nby th e
own ers of in accu rat e m e mo ri es as to feat s p erform e d an d
s co res achi ev ed By takin . gn ot e al s o i nthi s re gi s t er of t h e

c au s e s of failu re at diff eren t tim es a les sen e d ch an ,ce will exist

of their occurrin g again as it will keep th e same always i n
,

view an, d th e n e c e s sity o f th e ir avo id an c e promin en tly b efore

th e att en tion I nshort th e arch er will fi n
.
, d th e littl e t rouble
th e ke epin g of it occ as ion s him s o abun d an tly rep aid i na
variety of way s th at wh enit i s onc e commen
, c ed h e will n e v er

a ft erward s b e in duc e d to ab andoni ts u se .

Whils t th e s ubj ect of regis t er i s under con s id e ra tio nth e

be gin ner s attentionshould b e calle d to th e Archer s Re gis t er

’ ‘ ’

,
’

e dit e d by Mr J Sharp e which i s i ss ue d an

. .
, nually and give s a ,

full acc oun t of all th e public arch ery m eetin gs of th e previ ou s

y ear an
, d of th e doin gs o f all th e p rin cip al s oci eti es i nth e
kin gdom .

TH E A S OB AM
’
.

This t erm pplied to an upright n

is a arrow cupbo ard c on ,

tri v e d f or th e purpo se o f holdin g all th e implemen t s of arch ery .

It i s const ruct ed so th at th e bo ws m ay st an d or h an g up righ t i n

t h e b ack p art an d i nth e fron
, t eac h in dividu al arro w may st an d ,

a l s o upright an d s uffi ci en
, tly ap art fro m i ts n e ighbou r t o avoid

t h e po ssibility of an y i nju ry to t h e fe a th ers I n h e ight t hi s .

A s cha m should b e up ward s of si x fee t s o th at th ere may b e ,

s u ffi ci en t room f or th e l onges t b ows and th e bows sho uld all , ,

if st an din g b e ona bottom raised som e f ew in

, ch es above th e
floor of th e ap artme n t as anaddition , al s ecu rit y ag ain s t d a mp ,

which i s a m ost fat al en em y to th e b ow I nd amp s itu ation s.

,

an d p articul arly at th e se as id e gre at c are m u st b e t ak ent o

,

k eep ou t all m oi s ture Als o a s far as po ss ible a t ole rably

.
, ,

e v e n t e mp eratu re s h o uld b e m ai n t ain ed Th e lon g box i n .

which anarch er keep s h i s stock of bows arrows & c wh en , , .

,

t rav ellin g i s al so c alled anA scha m

, .
 OF TH E GR E A S E B OX , TA S S E L , B E L T, E TC
-
.
73

TH E T AR G E TS .

Th e back ing of th e ta rget i s m ade of th rash e d or un thrash e d

s t raw (rye st raw i s th e b es t ) fi rm ly b o un
-
d togeth er whil st
we t with s tron g t arre d strin g an d i ncon ,
s t ructio ni s s om e

what s im ilar to th e m ak e of b eehiv e on ly it i s m ade fl

, at It .

i s circular an , d th e fron t of thi s st raw bos s (a s it i s c alle d) ,

in te nd ed f or th e c an vas facin g i s worked up with a fl

, at s urfac e ,

s o th a t th e fac i n g m ay li e uponit m ore even ly th anit could

uponth e other s ide Th e c anvas facin . g mu st als o b e circular ,

an d e x actly four fe et i ndiamet er ; of course th e st raw boss

s hould al s o b e a s n e arly a s po ss ibl e of th e s a m e s iz e but on ,

no ac count l es s Th e c an v as facin g i s divid ed in to a c en tral

'

c ircl e of gold s urrou n

,
de d by c onc en tric rin gs of red blu e , ,

b la ck an
, d Whit e arran ge d i nthis order of c ol our from th e
,

c en tre o utw ards Th e ra diu s o f th e goldenc en

. t re and th e
b rea dth of e ach of th e s urrou n din g rin gs should b e th e s am e ,

nam ely on , e fi f th of four fe e t i s fo ur in

-
, ch es an
. . d four fi fth s -

o f an in ch E ach hit i nth e se colours i s valu e d a s follow s

.

nine i n th e gold seveni n th e red (formerly c all e d sc arl et)

, ,

fi v e i nth e blu e (s till occ asion ally kn ownas in ner whit e ) three ,

i nth e bl ack an d on
, e i nt h e whit e Th e se fi gure s h owever
.
, ,

do n o t c orre ctly repre s en t th e value of th e rin gs according to

th eir re s pe ctive are a s Th e are a of a circ l e i s p ropo rtio n
. al

to th e s qu are o f i ts radiu s Th ere fore th e area of th e circl e

.

c on t a in i ng th e gold and red t og eth er i s four tim e s a s large

a s th e area of th e go ld circl e al on e ; an d it follo ws th at if th e
g o ld ci rcl e b e r e m o v e d fr o m thi s l arg e r ci rcl e th e re m a in i n g
re d rin g will b e thre e times th e siz e of th e gold circl e Inth e .

s a m e m an ner th e circle cont aining th e gold re d and blue

, , ,

will i narea b e n ine t im es a s l arg e a s t h e gold c i rcl e al on e ;

an d if t h e c o m bin e d gold a n d re d circl e b e rem ove d t h e re

main in g area of th e blu e rin g will b e fi v e tim es a s large as
th e gold . A g ain th e are a of th e circl e c on
, t aining th e gold ,

red blu e an
, ,
d bl ack will b e s ixt e entim e s l arger th anth e g old ;
74 A R CH E R Y

a nd if th e gold red an , d blu e b e rem ov e d anare a s e ve n

, ,

time s as l arge as th e gold will b e l e ft f or th e bl ack ring .

Finally th e en , t ire fac e of th e t arget co n t ai n s ana re a t w e n ty

fi v e time s at l arge as th e gold a n d th e whit e ri n g i s nin e ,

times as l arge as th e gold Thu s we get th e t arget divide d .

in to t wen ty fi ve p art s of which on

-
, e p art i s g old th re e p art s ,

a re re d fi v e are blu e se ve n are bl ac k an dn in e a re whit e But

n
.
, , ,

it does not c orrectly follow th at ni e b ein g t akento repres en , t

th e valu e o f a hit i nth e gold an d on e a s th e v a lu e o f a hit i n
,

th e whit e (b ec a u s e th e Whit e rin g is n in e tim e s l a rg er th an

th e gold c i rcle ) a hit i nth e re d rin

, g shoul d c oun t as s e ve n a ,

hit i nth e b lu e as fi ve and a hit i nth e black as th ree Th e

, .

p roportionof th e areas b etweenth e whit e and bla ck rings i s

as n ine to s e v en givin g th e value o f
, f or e ach hit i n th e
black or 1 2 8 5 7 1 i nd ecim al s Sim il arly th e proportiono f
, .
,

a rea b e t we enth e whit e an d blu e rin g s i s as n ine to fi v e givin g ,

th e valu e o f 1 3 4 o r, 1 8 a s t h e v a lu,e o f e a ch hit i nt h e blu e

circle Th e proportionof th e area b et weenth e whit e an

. d th e
re d rin g s i s as nin e to thre e givin g t h e value of t h re e for each
,

hit i nth e re d ring .

It m ay b e t aken that these value s of 9 7 5 3 1 repre , , , , ,

s en ti n g th e hit s i ngold red blu e black an , d whit e are th e

, , , ,

b est th at c anb e a dopte d and i n th eir su m rep re sen , t th e

t wen ty fi v e parts th e siz e of th e gold in
-
, t o which th e t arget ,

m ay b e s uppo s e d to b e divid e d .

Th ere app ears to b e n o ex aggeratio nof th e v alu e Of th e

gold a s comp are d with t h e whit e and th e exaggerat e d value of ,

th e oth er c olours very prop erly reward s s uperior s kill a s shown ,

by c en tral hittin g of th e t arget 1

.

I nth e d ays wh enh an dic appin g was d on e by t aki n g off

rin gs in s t e a d of p erc e n t age s it might h ave b e en b ett er to
re duc e th e v alu e s o f th es e re ds blu e s a n d bl a ck s wh enm ad e
, ,

h y t h e m ore skilful .

See S i r J oh nF W H e rsc h e l F a mi li a r L ec tu res nS ci entific S u bj ec ts ,

’
. . s o

k
E sti m at i o no f S i ll i nTa rge t -
s h o o ti ng ,
’
p 495
. .
 OF TH E GR E A S E B OX , TA S S E L , B E L T, E TC.
-
75

Th e old explo de d cus tom of a dding hit s to sc ore wa s on ly a

r ound about m eth od of reducin g th e valu es o f th e hit s from
9 7 5 s 1 to 5,4 s 2 1
, , , , , , ,
.

T arge t s are n o w all m a d e o f th e s am e s iz e a s alrea dy ,

m en tion e d ; b u t f or m a n y years a ft er th e revival of arch ery i n

1 7 8 1 fou r fe et t arg et s were on
-
ly u sed at th e long di st an c es o f
1 2 0 1 0 0 an
, d 9 0 y ard s whils t t arget s of three f ee t an
, ,
d t wo
fee t i ndiamet er were u se d at th e sh ort er di st an c e s an d by
l a die s Instill older t i m es ou r m od ernt arget practic e was
.
-

repres e n t e d by wh at was c all e d th e P ap er G a me from p aper ,

b ein g e mploye d in s t e ad o f th e oil p ain t e d c an va s now i nu s e-

.

It was anold fashionto s co re i nm on ey thu s : a gold wa s ,

2 3 6d a s c arl et
. .
, anin ner whit e l s 6d a black an.d .
,

a whit e 6d an d thi s i s still th e cu s t om with t h e Woodm en

.

of Arden who se m e mb ers s till rec eive i nc a s h at th e en

,
d of
a p riz e m ee tin g th e tot al valu e of th eir s cores Th e s am e .

custom al so pre vails at the An nual Sc ortonAr row Meeting ,

e xc ept th at e ach arch e r p ay s 6d in to th e pool for every hit h e

.

m ake s i nth e whit e

n
.

Form erly u less anarro w was en , tirely i non e colour i t ,

was coun te d a s a hit i nth e in ferior of th e two col ours b etween

which i t s po sition was divide d ; but n ow e xc ept with th e ,

Woodmen of Arden th e con t rary cu st om prevail s an

,
d th e ,

a rrow wi ll c oun t as a hit i nth e superior colou r u n l ess it b e ,

quit e s urroun de d by th e inferior colour It i s right that th e .

a rch er s ho u ld h a ve th e b e n efi t of an y doubt i n thi s m a tt e r .

Th e pu rch a s e rs o f t arget s sh ould a s c ert ainth at th ey h ave

well p ain -
t e d an d well seas on e d facin -
gs Th e Am eric ancloth .
-

facin g s s om etim e s to b e m e t with are mo s t un s ati s factory an d ,

occ asion ally th e re i s too much o f a s ticky comp o un d laid on

th e facin gs pre vi ous to th e p ain t which a dhere s to th e arro w , ,

an d h e lp s to d en ude th e t arge t o f c ol our

‘

It i s n ot gen erally ackn o wl e dge d th at th e c olours of t h e

t arget at p re sen t i n u s e are we ll ad apt e d for m os t accurat e

s hoo tin g Th ey are too bright and glarin
. g confu s in g to th e ,
76 A R CH E R Y

eye , a nd drawing th e atten tionaway from th e c en tre so th at ,

it i s m o st diffi cult to avoid aimin g at th e t arge t gen era lly ,

rath er th anth e gold Now that th e s coring i s kept i nfi gure s

.
,

an dn o lon ger i ncolo urs there would b e n , o diffi culty i n su b

s t i t u ti ng o th e r colo u rs th a t would a s s i s t t o co nc ent ra t e t h e

ai m ,
if on ly a gen eral a gre em en t about th e n a ture o f th e

ch an ge could he arrived at .

Th e u s u al cu st om o f fi xin g t arget s i s th at th e c en tre of

,

th e gold Sh all b e four fe e t from th e groun d an d as th e t arge t ,

i s a l ways s lope d with i t s lo wer part a dvan c e d toward s th e

s h oot er it follo ws th at th e co rre ct di s t an
,
c e of th e bott om of
th e t arge t from th e groun d i s a t rifle more thantwo fee t an d
on e in ch .

TH E T AR GE T S TAN D S -
.

Th e mo st u su al ta rget s ta nds are of i ron i n three pi e c es

-
, ,

e ach of about s i x fee t i n l e n gth hinge d together at th e top , ,

an d p ain t e d green forming a t ripod for th e s upport of th e

,

t arget which i s c aught onto it by a hooked Spike at th e top

,

of th e s t and an d kept from s hiftin

, g i ts po sitionth ereonby a
s pike about h alf way up e ach of th e fron t l egs These st an ds .

are s o d e s t ructive to an y a rr ow s th a t hit th e m e v e n th ro ugh ,

th e t arget s that f or home u s e they shou ld b e p add e d i n

, , ,

fron t with a strip of thick felt sec ure d with st ron , g t wine an d ,

thenc arefully wrappe d with st rong bindin g an d p ain ted .

Th e l at e Mr J am e s Spe ddi n
.
g fi r s t in v e n t e d thi s m e th o d
of c o verin g th e st and s which h e h ad m ade f or th e Royal Toxo
h ili t e Soci ety of three lon g a s h pole s un it e d toge th er a t th e
p , ,

top with ironn utt e d screw b olt s Wh enth e st and i s so t reat e d

-
.

it i s alm o st i mpos sible th at anarro w c anb e in jured by con t act

wi th th e st an d an d th e e xt ra expen
,
se (which i s howe ver c on , ,

s i derab le) i s s oo ns a ve d by th e s avin g i narrows at 2 3 6d . .

a pi e c e.

Th e Meyler st an d a very e xpen s iv e m a chin

,
e was a s t ron g ,

ironarm fi tt e d in
, to a m et al socket fi xe d i nth e ground an d ,
 OF TH E GR E A S E B OX , -
TA S S E L , B E L T, E TC .
77

at th e upper en d p ro vide d wi th thre e pron gs uponwhich th e ,

t arget was fi xe d ; but it pos sesse d th e s ame incurable fault a s

th e old e arth enbutt s i nth at it was imm ovable (e xc ept to th e
,

pl ac e s where th e ne c e s s ary s ocket s were ) .

TH E Q
U I VE R .

Th e ti nqu i v er m ad e i ndiff eren

, t c ons t ainsi x a
iz es to ,

doz en or m ore arrows with s ometime s a rec ept acle at th e

, ,

top for spare st rings wax thread s ilk fi le & c i s too h an

, , , , , dy .
,

a narticl e to b e e ver a ltogeth er di s c ard e d th ough t h e arrow s ,

i nit do oc c a s ion ally s uffer by b ein g indis c riminat ely j umble d

t ogeth er T .h e arro w b oxe s o f wood n
-
ow m ad e to hold diffe ren t

q u a ntiti e s o f a rr o ws are of c,o urse to b e p,re fe rr e d But t h e .

b es t re c ept a cle f or arrows ona journ e y i s a p rop erly fi tt e d

c o mp artm en t i nth e bow box an -

d th e m e th od in
, v en t e d by th e
R ev J M C roker i s th e b e st o f a ll
. . . This i s fi tt e d with a
.

hin ge s o th at an
, y arr ow i n it c an b e r e m ov e d without s hiftin g
an y o f t h e oth e rs .
 CH AP TE R VI .

OF B R A OI N G, OR S TR I N GI N G , A ND N OCKI N G

IN th e p reviou s ch apt ers s uch pl ain direction s h av e b e e n

iv n co n c e rn i ng th e variou s im pl em en t s of arch ery a s will

g e

en ab le e ach arch er to p ro vid e him s elf with th e b e s t o f th e kin d

th at h i s in clin ation s or m e an s m ay l ea d him t o a d opt an , d to
en abl e h i m to avoid s uch a s are i n th em s e lves ra dic ally b a d
.

or h k ely to a dd to th e diffi c ulti es h e i s s ure to m e e t with

b e fore arriving at an y g rea t o r s a ti s fa ct or y p r o fi ci e n cy i n t h e

art . H avin g b eenthu s enable d to form a choice a s to h i s

w eapon s h e mu st n
,
ow b e guid e d i nth ei r u s e ; a n d i nth e ,

fi rst pl ac e th ere are a f ew min

, or m att ers that c an not b e
altogeth er p as s e d over i ns ile n c e Th e first o f these i s th e
.

b ra ci n g o r s tri n i
g g n of a b o w which
, m a y b e c o n s id e r e d a s

th e firs t p reh m i n ary op e rationt o actu al sh ootin g This i s

.

th e ac t of b en di n g th e bow wh
, e n u ns t r u ng s,u ffi ci e n tly to
en abl e th e arch er to s lip th e upp er ey e of th e s t rin g in to th e
nook of th e upp er horn To eff e ct this th e u su al m ethod i s
.
,

to set th e low er hornof th e b ow (i ts b ack b ein g turn e d t oward s

th e arch er) onth e groun d a gain

, s t th e in s id e o f th e right foot ,

this b eing turne d a little in ward s o as to pre ven t th e horn

from s lippin g ou t of p l ac e Th en th e han
.
, dl e b ein g firmly
graspe d with th e righ t h an d and th e lower or wrist p art of
,
-

th e l e ft h an d b ein g rest e d up on th e upp er li mb of th e how

a f e w in ch es b elow th e uppe r eye of th e st rin g a stron
,
g
s t e ady pu ll m u s t b e appli e d with th e right h an d at th e h andle
(t h e l e ft h a n d an d right fo ot fo rmi n g t h e p o i nt s d app
’
u i ) s o

that th e b ow m ay b e ben t whils t th e thumb an

, d se con d join t
80 A R CH E R Y

occ asion ally dire ct e d to th e s t ri n g to ob serve wh ether th e lo op

,

may n ot h av e sh pp ed a h ttle aw ay as i t may s om etim es

,

un avoid ably do . I f a secon d eye h as beena dde d to th e strin g

i nth e pl ac e of th e loop th e strin , g will b e much more eas ily
adjus t e d an ,
d th enth ere will b e n o fe ar of i t s gettin g aw ay
durin g th e shootin g . A S r eg a rd s t h e fi rs t poin t n
— am ely th e ,

a mo u n t of b end i na bow wh enstru g i t h as be enal ready n —

s t at e d th at i na m an s b ow th e di st an c e of th e in s id e of t h e
’

h an dle from th e s trin g sho uld sc arc ely e ver b e less th ansi x
in ch es . Th e a dvan t ages of h avin g th e b ow low strun g are
-

th at th e bow c ast s quicker an d farth er (owin g to th e greater

len gth th e arrow i s act e d uponby th e strin g) an d that th e
,

b ow an, d al so th e strin g are less strain

, e d an d con
, s e qu en tly
i nle s s d an ger of breaki n g ; but to b e b alan ce d again s t th e s e

a dvan tages i s th e fact th at th e dan ger of st riking th e arm

guard b efore th e ext reme poin t of th e s trin g s recoil (already
’

s hownto b e fat al to acc urat e s hootin g) i s great er an d th e ,

c ast m ay b e som ewh at l ess st eady .

It h as been imm emori ally cu stomary to ascertain th e

amoun t of th e b end of th e h ow wh enstrun g by placin
, g th e
fi s t upright upon th e in s id e of th e h an dle (at th e c en tre of
th e bow ) at th e sam e tim e rais in
,
g up th e thumb towards th e
s t rin g ; if th e st rin g th enju st touch es th e ext remity of th e
thumb th e bracin g i s s uppose d to b e tol erably corre ct This .

is n o t,
how e v er , a n i nf a lh b le t est a s th e s iz e of h an
, ds
of diff eren t in dividual s vari es consid erably ; but each archer
c anas c ert ainhow f ar h i s ownh an d pl a c e d i nth e above way
, ,

varies from th e old fashion -

e d m e as ure of s i x i n ch es kn owna s ,

a fi s trn ele an
,
d b earin
, g this con s t an tly i nmin d m ay as c ert ain
,

t h e b ra cin g of h i s bow a s a ccu r at e ly a s if h i s ownfi stmele

were th e exact si x in ch es .

Th e n oc ki n o f t h e arrow mu st n ow b e con s id er d Thi

g e s .

is t h e a pplic a tio n of t h e n ock of th e arrow to i t s p rop er pl ac e

onth e strin g Simple as this operationmay at fi rst sight

.

a pp e a r, y e t th e r e i s a r ight w a y a n d a w r o ng w ay of doin g it ;
 '

OF B R A CI N G, OR 5 TR I N GI N G , A N O N O CKl N G
‘

a nd a s th e wro ng way l e a ds to th e inju ry an d di s fi gure m en t

of th e b ow, let th e b e gin n er a cquire th e right m e tho d a t fi rs t ,

as follo ws
Th e b ow b eing held s om ewha t down ward s by th e h a ndle
with th e l e ft h an d with th e s t ri ng upward s let th e arro w b e
, ,

pl ac ed with th e right h an d over th e s t ring (not onan y a ccou n t

un de r th e st rin g a s thi s l att er m etho d o f n
, ocki n g i s s ure to
l ead s o on e r o r l at e r to th e di s fi gu re m e n t of th e b elly of th e
b ow by n
, um erou s st ab s in flict e d up onit by th e sh arp poin t
of th e arro w) up onth at p art of th e bow (clo s e to th e fo re fi n ge r
o f th e l e ft h an d) uponwhich it i s t o li e th e thumb of th e le ft
hand (not th e forefin ger) b e ing th engen tly pl a c e d over it will
s erv e t o hold i t p erfe ctly u n d er c omm an d whil s t th e forefin
, ger
an d th u m b o f th e right h an d t ake hold of th e n ook en d of th e
arrow a n , d m an ipul at e with p erfect ease th e applicationof th e
nook t o th e prop er noc ki n g p la c e on
-
t h e s t ri ng Fiv e m i.nu t e s
’

practi c e will s uffi c e to ren d er thi s m eth o d of nocking easy an d

fam ili ar But if th e arch er b e a fraid o f u nst e a dying h i s hold
.

uponth e h andle of th e b ow by shifting h i s l e ft thumb onto

th e arro w as ab ove d e sc rib e d let h i m h old th e arro w with h i s
, ,

righ t h an d ju st abov e th e feathers and s o apply th e n

, ook

to th e string without as s i st an c e from th e l e ft thumb This .

me th od i s h o wever s om ewh at m ore awkward lo okin

, , g -
.

Th e c en t re of th e nockin g pl ac e shou ld b e exactly up on

-

th at poin t of th e st ring which i s Oppo sit e to th e spot onth e

b ow ove r which th e arro w will p a s s wh ensh ot i e th e arro w— . .

wh en n ocke d m u st b e precise ly p erp endicular to th e s trin g .

If th e arrow b e n ocke d at a lower p oin t it will b eat it s elf

,

a gain st th e fore fi n ger of th e l e ft h an d and th ere by was t e s o me

,

of th e energy th at shou ld b e applie d t o i t s flight Onth e .

oth er h an d if th e arrow b e nocke d at a high er poin

, t th e ,

drawin g will b e c omm en c ed from a point n ot con t emplat e d in

t h e m an ufacture of th e h ow whenth e c omp en s at e d st ren g th
o f t h e upp e r an d l ow er lim b s i s arran ge d f or a fulcrum n ot

ex a ctly c e n tral Care mus t b e t akenth at th e n

. ocking p art of -

G
 A R CH E R Y

th e t in
s r g e x a ctly fi t s or fi lls t h e nook of t h-
e arrow . T h e h o ld
of th e n ook uponth e s t rin g m u st b e n eith e r too tight n or too

loo se if th e first th e n, ook m ay an

,
d p rob ably wi ll b e split ;
,

an d if th e se c on d th e sh aft i s ap t to s lip whilst i nth e a ct of

,

be ing drawn an ,d th e n ock will b e broken or th e correct ele

,

vationan d prop e r flight o f th e arrow will b e los t‘

A word of warn
.
.
in g m ust b e adde d f or th e youn g arche r
a gain s t att e mptin g to alter th e ran ge of h i s arrow by varying
th e n ockin g plac e F or th e re a son
-
. s above given a w ors e sy s
,

t em could n ot b e a dopt ed
.
 CHAPTE R VII .

OF A S CH A M S F I VE P OI N TS , P O S I TI ON S TA N D I N G, E TC
’
.

TH E variou s im plem en
ts of arch ery h avin g b eenn ow d es c rib e d ,

th e p roper u se o f th es e by th e archer claim s att en tion .

Roger A sch am st at ed i n1 545 that fayre s h ootyn g e c a m e

of thes e th yn g e s : of s t a n d n
y g e n o c k y g
, n e d r a w, n
y g e ,h o w ld

y gn e, a n d lo w s n
y g e a n d th ese h i s w e ll k n ow -
n fi p v e oi n ts of
a rc h ery hav e b eenfollowe d b y mo s t oth er writ ers onth e s u b

j e c t i n thi s s am e o rd e r . H e h as se t o u t so w e ll a ll t h e di s

comm o dities whichs ill cu stome hath gra fted i narchers th at

c ann ey th e r b e q uyck lye p ou lle d out n or ye t son
, e re ckon ed

of m e they b e s o m an
,
’
ye th at it will b e excu sable t o quot e
,

th em f or th e b en efit of b e gi n ners f or their avoid anc e b efore

,

they h ave b eenac q uire d .

S ome sh oot eth hi s h ea d f orwarde as though h e woul ds ,

byt e th e m arke another stareth wyth h ys eyes a s though ,

th ey s h ou lde fl y e out ; a noth e r wi n k e th w ith o n e ey e a n

, d
looketh with th e oth er Som e m ake a fac e with writhing
.

th eyr m outh e an d coun t en an c e s o ; an other b lereth out h i s

t on ge ; an other b yt eth h i s lyppe s ; an oth er holdeth h i s n e ck a

wrye I ndrawyn
.
g e s o m e s e t s uch e a comp ass e ,a s t h ou g h e

they woulde tourn e about an d b lys s e all th e f eelde ; oth er

h eau e th eyr h an d n owe vp nowe down , e that a man c an
,

not dec erne wh erat t he y wolde S hote ; another waggeth th e

vp p er e n d e of h i s b ow on e w ay t h e n , ey th er en de anoth er
waye Anoth er wil st an
. d poynti n g e h i s s h a f t e a t t h e m a r k e

a good wh yle an , d b y an -
d b y h e wyll gy n
-
e a whip an , d a waye ,

or a m anwit e . Anoth er m ake th s uch e a wrestlin g with h i s

11 2
84 A R CH E R Y

gere , as w ere abl e t o shoot e n

th ou gh e h e o m ore as lon ge as
h e lyu ed An other draweth softly to ye midd es an
. d b y an d by ,
- -

it i s gon you c an , not knowe howe .

An oth e r dra we th h i s s h a ft s lowe at th e b rea s t e a s th ou gh e ,

h e wou lde sh o ot e at a rou yn ge m a rk e a n d b y a nd b y h e lift e th ,

- -

h i s arm e vp p ricke h eygh t e An oth er m aketh a wryn ch i n g

.

with h ys b ack as though a m ann e p yn c h e d h ym b eh yn de .

An oth er c ou reth down e as though h e s h o u lde s hoot e at ,

c ro we s .

An o th er se tt e th f orwarde h y s l e ft e le gge an d draweth b a cke ,

with h ea d a n d s h owlders a s th o ugh h e p on le d at a rope or

, ,

els w ere a f ray e d of th e m ark e An other draweth h i s sh af te .

w ell vn tyll wyth i nii fyn g e rs o f t h e h e a d a n d th e n s t ay e th t o ,

look e at h y s m arke an d t ha t d on e p oul eth it vp to th e h ea d

, ,

an d lows eth ; wh i c h e way e although s umm e e xc ellen t sh oters

,

do u se yet Surely it i s a fault e an

, d good men nes faultes are ,

not to b e follow ed ‘
.

Summ e m endrawe to farre summ e to sh orte s umm e tO

n
, ,

slowly e s um m e to qu i c k ely s umm e h old e ov e r l o ge su mm e

, , ,

let go ove r s on e .

Summ e se tt e th eyr sh afte onth e grou n de an d f etch e th ,

him v ard e An oth er p oy n

. t e th v p towarde th e S kye an d so ,

b rynge t h b y m do wne wa rde s .

Ones I m an ne wh yc h e u sed a b rasar Onh i s cheke

s awe a ,

or ell es h e h a d s cratch e d all th e Sk yn ne of th e one syd e o f h i s

fac e with h i s drawyn g e h a nd .

AnO th er I s awe which s at ev erye sh oot e a fter th e loo se

, , ,

ly fteth vp h i s ry gh t l e gge s o f ar th at h e was e ve r i ni e op ardy e

of f au lyng .

It sh o u ld s ee m p oss i ble th at R oger A s ch am ’

s co ndemnati onof th i s s tyle
may b e i nsi nc ere , as he sp e a k s of it as th e waye o f s u mm e e x c ellen
t sh ot e rs
,
"

nd f urth er a s m en M ay i t n
’
a good u es f au lt e s . ot b e h op e d t h at h e re f e rs to

th i s as his ow n style wh e nh e s ay s (s e e f urth er on o f th e s e f ault e s I h av e

)
‘

v et ye man y e m y s e lf , m o de s t l’
y c la s s i ng h i s o w ne x c elle nc e a s p o s s i b ly f a u lt y .

S ee Mulc aster, wh o s ay s h e (R A ) h at h sh owe d h i m s elf a c u n

. . ni ng Arch er, b u t ’

th i s re f ers to h i s c ap ac i t y f or t ray ning th e A rc h e r t o h i s b o we .

’
 OF A S CH A M S ’
F I VE P OI N TS , E TC . 85

Summ e Stamp s forward s and s um m e leap e b ac k Warde , .

All th e s e f au ltes b e ey th er i nth e drawyn g e o r a t t

.
h e l o o s e ;
with m an y Other mo wh i ch e you may easelye p erseyu e an
, d ,

s o go ab o ut to a u oyde th em .

Now af terwarde s wh en th e s h a ft s i s gon

, e m e nh a u e ,

m an y e f aultes which e uell c u stome ha th b rou gh te th em to

n
, ,

a d s p e ci ally i n cr i n
y g e a ft e r t h e s h a f t e a n d s p ea k y gn e w o o r d e s

s c arc e h on e s t f or s uch e an honest p astyme .

An d b e sy de tho se which s m u st n e d e s h av e t h e r to n
'

y gu e

thu s walk yn g e o th e
, r m e n v s e o th e r f a ut e s : a s s om e will t a k e

th eyr bowe an d writh e an d wri n c h e it to poul e i n , h i s s h eft e Wh e n

it fl y e t h w yd e as ,y f h e d r a u e a c a r t e Som e
. w y ll gy n e t w o o r

ii i stry des forwarde da u n , si n g a n d h o pp y g n e a ft e r h i s s h a f t e as ,

lon g as it fl y e t h a s though
,
h e w e r e a m a dm a n So m e
. w hich
feare to b e to farre gon
-
e ru n ne b ac k ewarde as it were to p oule
,

h i s sh aft e b acke An . oth er run neth f orwarde whenh e feareth

to b e short h eau yn , g e a ft e r h i s a rm es a s though h e would s
,

h elp e h i s sh af ts to fl y e A n . o t h er writh e s o r r u n n e th a syd e t o

n n n
'

p oul e i h i s s b a tt e s tr a y g h t O .e lift e th up h i s h e e le a d s o ,

holdeth h i s foot e s till a s l on , ge as h i s sh afte fl y e t h l A n o th e r

cas t e th h i s arm e b ac k e warde a ft e r th e l o ws e Anoth er swyn

‘

. .

g e s

hi s b owe ab o ut e h ym as if it were a m anwith a s tafi e to

,

m ake rou m e i na gam e pl ac e ( An d m an ye o ther faulte s th ere

b e whi ch e n
, o we c o m e n ot t o m y re m e m b rau c e Thu s a s you n .
’

have h earde m an , ye arch ers Wyth m arryn g e t h e y r fa c e a n d

eoun t en au n c e wy th oth er p art e s o f th eyr b o dy e as it were m en , us

that sh ou lde dau n c e an tiques b e farre from th e com elyep ort e

,

i nsh ooty n g e w h i c h e h e t h a t w o u l d e b e e xc e ll e n t m u s t e loo k e

’
f or .

thenfran
He kly confes ses that though t each i n g others of
,

th ese f au lte s I have v eri e m an ye my s elfe ; but I t alk n ot o f

n
,

my sh o otynge but of th e generall ature o f sh ootyng Now

,
.

m i n n a rch er th at 1 s cl e an wy th o u t all thes e f a u lte s a nd

y a g a , ,

I am s ure e u erye m anwou lde b e delygh te d to s e b ym shoot e .

’

An o th e r will s udd en ly crouch d own on ; h i s h am s as ,

86 A R CH E R Y

though h e were marking a bird s flight to pluck it down or it

’

were out of s ight .

An other will c all him se lf unc om ely n a m e s w hil s t an

, oth er

c as teth away h i s b ow as th o ugh h e would bre ak it for f au lte s

th at are h i s own an d y e t an oth er will t rea t him s e lf at faul t e

with s uch h ars h u sag e th at h e sh all s c arc e s h oo t a g ai nwithout

black eye s for m an y e a d ai e .
’

A s th e t erm s ta n di n g s e e m s i nsu fl i c i e n t t o i n clud e a ll th a t

h as to b e s aid re s pectin g th e attitude an d ge n e ra l b e arin g
of th e arch er whilst i n th e ac t of shooting th e expres s ion ,

p os i ti o n i s a dopt e d in s t e a d a s m ore applic abl e an

, d c o m p re

h en si v e , an d un der p os i ti on will b e in clude d n , ot o n ly th e

footin g o r s t an din g but al s o th e m an
, ner i nwhich th e hand
s ho uld gra s p th e bow an , d th ere fore a s well th e e xa ct po s ition
, ,

of th e b ow it self .

I nane n deavo ur to lay d owns uch pl aind ire ctions as may

preven t th e as sumptionof attitud e s in imic al to good shootin , g
an d as m ay al so assi st i nth e avoid an ce of s uch oth er atti
tud e s a s do viol en ce to grac e fuln e s s an d are re pul s iv e to th e
loc ker on it would b e venturing too f ar to assert that but on
-
, e

po sitioni s goo d o r e venthat an

, y p a r ticul a r on e i s th e b es t ;

y et so m e g e n e r a l r ul e s c a n w ith s u fl i c i e n t co nfi d e n c e b e l a id
downf or th e purp ose of c on trollin g m an neri sm s and of con
fin in g them withinh armle s s limit s .

As re gard s th e footin g or st an din g an d t h e attitud e s of

arch ers it may b e s a fe ly a s s ert e d th at th ere are as m an
, y
varietie s a s th ere are archers to c all them int o e xis tence ; that
no two are exactly alike i nall particulars ; and that no one
arch er h a s ye t b ee ns ee nt o com bin e a ll th e e xc e ll e n c es th at
might b e c en t re d i na perfe ct arch er .

Th at anarcher s gen eral po s itionm ay b e a go od on e it

’

must p os se s s three qualities fi rm n — e s s el a s ticity an

, , d gra c e
fi r m n e ss t,o re s i t
s th e s t i a
ra n n d h
t e re coil o th e bow for if
f —

there b e an y w a v e r i n g o r u n s t ea di n e s s t h e S h o t w ill p rob a bly

prove a failu re ; elas ti ci ty to give free play to th e muscles
, ,
 A R CH ER Y

un com monfault an d should b e c are fully gu ard e d ag ain

, st a s

very fat al to shootin g and liable to re s ult i nmost ridiculou s

,

d e v e l op m e nt s As th e opposit e fault h as almo s t ov ert aken

.

s om e o f t h e b e st s hot s it may b e cl a s se d am on
, gst exaggerat e d
virtu e s an
, d i s littl e lik ely to emb arras s b e ginners Th e legs .

should b e p erfe ctly s t raight en e d at th e knee s an dn o t onan y ,

F ro . 34 . FIG . 35 . F ro . 36
.

a cc oun t b en t forward ; and yet th e k n e e s s h o uld n ot b e s o

ri gidly l ock e d b ack a s t o in t erfere with th e ela s ticity of th e

po sition .

It will b e ob s erve d th a t i nfi g 34 only th e l e ft and ri ght

.
,

s h ould ers at p oin

,
t s A an d B resp e ctively c om e n at u ra lly i n
,
to
th e b e s t p o sitionf or sh ootin g at th e t arget ; but by a dopt
in g th e p o s iti ons h o w n i nfi g 36 a. full b o
, di e d-
a rch e r m a y b e

en abl e d t o d raw a t rifl e furth er b e fore th e b o w stri n c m i n

'

g o e s

con t act with th e c h e st ; whil st i nth e positions h owni nfi g 35 .

 OF A S CH A M S ’
F I VE P OI N TS , E TC . 89

anarcher of s uppl e fi gu re caneasily ge t th e s ho uld ers into

th e b est positioni nth e c o urse of d rawing up .

Th e b o dy s h ou ld b e n a t urally up right but n ot stifi

’
th e ,

wh ole p ers onwell b al an c ed an d th e fa c e tu rn e d roun d s o as

to b e n e arly fron ting th e t arg et .

Du ring th e brie f p eriod o f time b et weenth e n ocking o f th e

arrow (al re a dy d e s c rib e d i npp 8 0 2 ) an d th e l o o sin
.
-
g o f it ,

som e s light alt e ra ti on o f th e b o dy s attitud e as arran ged wh e n

’
,

th e arch er a s s u m e s hi s foo tin g w ill t ake pl a c e a s i nth e c om

, ,

bin e d a c t o f d ra wi n g and aim ing th e ri ght should er will b e ,

brought a littl e forward and th e le ft s h oulder will b e t ak en

, .

a littl e b a ckward b e fore th e s h ou ld ers res um e th eir f orm er

,

re l a tiv e p o s ition s p re v i o u s to th e l oose which i nth at p os itio n ,

on ly c an b e m os t adva n ta g e ou s ly e x e cut e d Th e s light e s t .

s ibl e i n cli n ti nf o rwa rd s h ould b e give nto t h e h e a d a n d

p os a o

ch e st t hat th e arrow may b e brought di re ctly u nder th e right

,

or a i m i n g eye wi th out b ringing th e line o f ai m so close to th e

, .

lin e thro u gh t h e l e ft s h ould e r an d b ow as t o m ake it i mp o s ,

‘

s i bl e th at th e st rin g c anclear th e forearm at th e loose .

M an y arch ers b e nd th e b ody c onsid erably forward from

th e w a i s t a n ,
d qu o te t h e followin g p assage from Bish op ,

L ati m er s s ixth s erm on M y fa t h e r t aught m e h ow t o d ra we

—
’ ‘
,

h ow to lay my b ody e i nm y b owe an d n ot t o drawe with

"

s t re ngth of arme s a s ot h er nac i ons do but with st ren

, gt h o f
,

b ody e — i nju stifi c ati on of th i s p ra ctic e Here l ayin g th e .

,

b o dy i nth e b ow m eans ta king up t h e b es t po s itionfor sho ot

in g . A n a rc h e r i n o ld e n t i m e s w a s s a id t o s h oo t i n a b o w ,

not wi th a b ow .

"
Not t ping n o r y e t s ta n
s oo ding straight upright as
, ,
’

N i ch oll s L ondonArt i llery h ath it expre ss e s th e right p o s i

’

t i onc orre ctly .

Th e se c on d p art of p os i ti o nwhich i s m o st imp ort ant al so ,

i s th e m an ner i nwhich th e h and should grasp th e b ow and ,

th e a ttitu d e o f th e b ow it s elf i e wh eth er thi s s hould b e

— . .

vertic al o r m ore or l e s s obliqu e

,
.
90 A R CH ER Y

I t m ay b e s t at e d at o nc e t hat th e mo s t natural an d y eas

m ethod of graspin g th e b ow i s al s o th e be st ; i n fact this

rem ark i s app lic abl e to al m o s t ev ery poin t con necte d with
arch ery an ,d c an not b e too much or too oft eninsi ste d upon .

If th e wri st and h an d b e i nan y w ay u n na tu ra lly e mploy e d

b a d res ult s imm e di at ely follow F or i n
. s t anc e if th e grasp b e ,

s uch a s to th ro w th e fulc rum much b e lo w th e c e n t re of th e

‘

b ow i ts lower limb ru n
, s gre a t ri s k of b e in g pulle d away an d
out of sh ap e which s oon ,
e r or l a t er will c a u s e it to ch ry s a l or

b rea k Again th e Waring m eth od which u se d to b e i nhigh

.
, ,

fav o ur of turn
, in g th e wri s t i nas much po s sibl e c au ses th e ,
’

le ft arm to b e h eld i ns uch a s t raight en e d p o s itio nth a t it will ,

not only present a const antly re curring ob stacle and di verting

in fluen c e t o th e free pas sage o f th e s t ring but will al s o b e th e
,

c au s e of anin c re a sed strainand a ddition al efl

‘

ort to th e s h oot er

n
,

b e sid es t aki g th e sprin g an d e las ticity out of th at all impor -

t an t m emb er th e b ow arm If th e reverse of this m ethod b e

-
.

a d opt e d an d th e wri s t b e turn

,
e d in t entionally an d un naturally
out ward s it will b e foun
,
d th at i navoidin g Scylla Ch arybdi s i s
at h a n d an d th ough th e s trin
, ,
g i s well clear of th e armgu ard ,

th e wri s t c an not su st aineith er th e strainof th e b ow at full

s tre tch or i ts re coil at th e l oo s e Thu s as i nevery other
.
,

inst an c e th e extrem e s are b ad a n

, d th e c orrect po s itio nwill
,

b e foun d at th e b al an cin g p oint b et weenth em

-
.

Whenth e f ooti n g h a s b e e n t a k e n with t h e a

, r ro w n ock e d ,

let th e b ow li e e a si ly an d lightly i nth e l e ft h an d th e wri st ,

b ei n g turn ed n e ith er i n ward s n or out ward s but allowe d to ,

rem ain i nt h e po s iti onmo s t e a s y an d n atural f or it ; a s t h e

d rawin g of th e b ow comm enc es th e grasp will intuitively

,

t ight en an ,d by th e tim e th e arrow i s d rawnto th e h ead

th e p o s ition of th e h an d and wri st will b e such a s t o b e
ea s ie s t f or th e s h oot er an d b e st f or th e s ucc e s s of h i s s hot .

It wi ll b e observe d i nth e three fi gu re s giving th e correct

an d wron g po sition s o f th e h an d onth e b ow h an dl e tha t th e
-
,

upp er p art of th e b ow han d including th e whole of th e thumb

,
92 A R CH E R Y

th e ar m, than it i s nt Po ssibly i ts narrow es cape

at p res e .

from bei n g an oth er foo t h as in t erfere d with i ts proper d evelop

m en t from anarcher s poin t of Vl eW Ho wever this may b e
’
. .
,

it would b e better as a me chan , ic al con trivan c e f or drawi n ga ,

bow if th e s trainapplie d by th e loo s in

, g h an d could pass directly
alon g th e lin e th rough th e c en t re of th e arm with c en t re or ,

fulcrum of th e b ow i nth e sam e lin e — i e i nlin e a b (fi g . . .

Th e n e ares t app ro ach to thi s co n ditionof a perfect arch er s ’

han d was p o s sessed by Mr G E dward s th e fi rs t arch er t o . .

,

displac e Mr H A Fo rd from th e po sition of Champion i n

. . .
,

1 8 60 wh o tho ugh h e may n

, , e ver h av e m ad e th e e x trao rdin ary

s co res c redit ed to Mr Ford was an exc ell en

.
, t shot an d , ,

whenat h i s b e s t h ad th e s t eadies t b ow arm an

, d th e fi rm e s t -

grip ever se en on a b ow Through a gu n accid en . t h e lo s t ,

en tirely h i s l e ft thumb an d held hi s b o w with h i s four

,

fin gers pre s sing it agai n

, s t a l e ath er pad i n sert e d b etwee nth e

b ow a n d h i s wri st m uch i n th e p ositio n t h e thumb would

,

occupy if it c ould b e plac ed d own ward s ac ros s th e p alm o f

t h e h an d This alt ere d form ationshifte d th e po sitionof h i s
.

arm s o th a t th e lin e thro ugh th e fulc rum o f t h e b ow wa s we ll

b elow th e upper lin e of hi s wri s t .

Som e archers acquire th e h abit of ext ending th e thum b

upward s alon g th e b e lly o f th e b ow This m eth o d of grasping .
~

t h e b ow t en d s to weak enan d un s t e ady th e d rawin g po wer but ,

a s a p oi n t o f d rill f or th e a cqui sitionof s uch a grasp of th e

bow with t h e fi n ge rs b efore th e thum b i s plac e d i n pos ition
,

t o as si s t as will en
, abl e th e arch er to cl e ar h i s a rm gu ard i t s ,

t ri al i s s t ron gly re c omm end e d A s t e a dier h old of th e b ow i s

.

i nth e e n d obt ain e d by k eepin g th e upp er p art o f th e thumb off

th e how so th at th e hold i s b et we e nth e root o f th e thumb an
,
d
th e fi n gers As th e fi rst fi nger i s oftenu se d to a s s i st i nadj us t
.

in g th e po s iti on o f th e a rrow onth e b ow c are mu s t b e t ake n t o ,

repl a c e it at th e c omm en c eme n t o f th e d raw U n le s s th e ho w .

b e h eld fi rm ly b e t wee nth e fou r fi n gers an d th e thumb an d h ee l

of th e h an d at th e loo s e and re c oil anun
, pl e as an t j ar will b e
 OF A S CH A J I S F I VE P OI N TS , E TC
’
.
93

felt with th e fu th
,
ill consequenc e of blisters &c Th e
r er -
, .

po sition of th e bow should b e straight ac ro ss th e p alm of

th e h and s o that th e fin
, gers wh enclo sed i np ositionto hold
it li e as ne arly a s po s sibl e a t right angles t o th e axi s of th e
b ow .

A l at eral proj ectiononth e l e ft side of th e h andle of th e

b ow i s s om etim es add e d if th e arch er s h an
’
, d h e hollow ,

an d thi s con t rivan c e as sist s t h e b owstrin g to avoid th e arm

g u a rd .

B e fore th e c on s id eratio nof th e fi n al po s itio nof th e bow at

th e loo se as t o wh eth er it s h o uld b e v ertic al or obli q ue a

, ,

gla n c e mu s t b e t ak enat th e h orizont al p os itionwhich sho uld

b e a dopt e d by all tho se wh o di sb eli eve i nt h e po s sibility of
ai m ing with b o w an d arro w whil st th e arro w i s di sch arge d
from th e sid e of t h e bow be c a use i nth at pos itionth e arrow
,

can not b e thrownto th e le ft of th e m ark a ime d at This .

po sitioni s so c ramp ed an da wkward a s to b e p ra ctic ally u sel es s

f or shootin g at a horizon t al ai m whena full l en

,
-
gth arrow
c an not b e d rawnup as th e string comes too sooni nc on
,

t act with th e l eft s ide Y et archers h ave b eenkn

. o wnto m ake
s ucc e s s ful s core s i n this style , us in g weak bows an d light
arrow s .

Th e vertic al po sit 1 on of th e bow (but n ot as s om e tim e s

ad opt e d wh enth e bow i s thu s s e t up at th e e n

,
d of a horizon t al
arm to b e h a ul e d at un til th e b e ginner s arrow i s di sch arged)
’

i s ana ss i s t an c e i ncl earin g th e bo ws trin g from th e ches t wh en

a fu ll len -
gth arrow i s fully drawn; an d a t en d en cy toward s
this po siti onat th e in s t an t o f l oose will correct t h e curiou s
h abit m an y arch ers acquire of thro win g th e upp er limb of th e
b ow downan d th e l ower lim b up a ft er th e loo s e as if part of
,

th e loo sin g or drawing actionh ad b eena mutually an tagon i st i c

s c re w be tweenth e holdin g an d l o o s ing h an ds .

Th e chie f a dvan t a ge of th e obli que po sitioni s th at th e

arro w i s n ot s o lik e ly to b e bl ownaway from i t s c on t act with
th e b ow by a hi gh win d from th e b ow sid e .
94 A R CH E R Y

CHAPTE R VIII .

ASCH AM to b e right i nde clarin

s ee ms g that D rawyn e w ell

i s th e b e s t p art e of sh ootyn g an d a s
, it i s i n th e co ur s e o f
thi s p art of th e ac t of sh ooting th a t all th e ridicul ou s antic s
alre ady quot e d may b e e xhibit e d an , d without d ra win g well it
i s a lm o st impo s sibl e to ta k e a i m or loos e with a n y ch a n c e of
s ucc e s s e very arch er mu s t p ay th e utmo st att e n
, tiont o t h e
ac qui s ition of t h e b es t an d e asi e st method of d rawin g Y et
.

it i s not prete n de d th at th ere i s but on e b e st m e thod of

d rawin g .

Here two thin gs have t o b e previou s ly con s id ere d n

, am e ly ,

t h e st ren gth of th e b ow to b e u s e d an ,d th e l en gth of th e arro w ,

o r ra th e r how much of i ts l e n gth mus t b e drawnup Firs t .

,

a s re gard s th e s t ren gth o f b ow to b e us e d it should b e obs erve d

,

that when i nmod erntime s th e practice of shootin

, , g i so lat e d
arrows was di s con tin u e d i nfavour of three arrows s h ot by
e a ch a rch er con s e cutiv ely at e ach en d throughout a York
Rou n d th e po ssibility o f m aki n
, g th e delivery of e ach arrow
a s upre m e e ff ort b e c a m e i m p o s s ibl e an d th e m ore fre qu en
, t
rep e tition of ane ff o rt which though con
, , s id erable (as it s houl d

a l way s b e) i s n ot quit e a to u r de f o rc e i s n
, ,ow a cc e pt e d a s m ore

lik ely to ex hibit grac e i nth e e xecutionan d a ccuracy i nt h e

re s ult with t h e n a tura l c on s e qu e nc e th at th e avera ge s tren th
,
g
o f b ow s n ow i n u s e i s s c arc e ly s o gre at as it u se d to b e
;
t h o ugh it mu s t n ot b e l os t s ight of th at bow s n ow are m ore

a ccura t ely we igh e d thanth ey were before th e in

, ve n ti onof
th e Y ork an d N ation al Roun d s ; an d al so th at n ow a l arge
96 A R CH ER Y

siderations (s uppo sin g p os itive p roof to b e altogeth er wan tin g)

poin t t o th e con cl us io nth at thi s c loth yard was th e le n gth
of 2 7 inche s I nt h e ab sen
. c e of an y r e p re s e nt a tiv e s u rvivi n g
war arrow th e evid en
-
c e o f anancien t model may b e t aken ,

an d s uch a mode l e xi s t s i nth e p o s s e s sio nof th e R oy al T o xo

h i li t e S o ci e ty d es c rib e d thu s i n A Hi s tory of t h e Roy al
p ,

T oxoph ilit e Society 1 8 7 Th e mo s t an cien t piec e of plat e

po ss es s e d by th e Society i s an arrow 2 8 } in ch es lon g th e
, ,

st e le 3b ei n
’
g of ironvery thickly plat ed with s ilver an d th e ,

b arb e d p i le (1 1 in ch lon g) o f soli d silver Th e three fe ath ers

, .

are a l s o o f solid s ilve r Onth e s t e l e are the s e in

. s c ription s

Sm R EG I NAL D F os rE B , Kt
'
. a nd B a rt .

m rc x L E D G I N G H AM , E s q .

S tewards i nF i n
s bu ry .

An
no Dom 1 663. .

Thi s arrow was presen t e d to th e S ociety by Mr Philip Con .

s t able .
’
This Mr Philip C ons t able i s men
. tion e d as o n e of

th e old e s t Fin sbu ry arch ers i nD ai n e s B arri n gtons es say on ’

Arch e ry i nth e s even th volum e o f Ar ch mologi a Th e an cien t ’

.

Sc ort onarrow ( 1 67 2 ) i s of no great er len gth but h as be en ,

b rokenan d rep aire d a n d h as n o d at e onit There i s an .

a c t of P arliamen t (Iri sh. 5 E dward IV ch 4 which p ro . .

,

vide s that every E n glishman and Iris hm and welling with

,

En glishm en an ,
d s peakin g E ngli sh b ein g b e t ween sixteen ,

an d s ixty y ears of age sh all h a ve anE n

, gli sh b ow o f h i s own
l en gth and a fi s tmele at l east b e t weenth e n
, ock s and t welve ,

s haf ts of t he leng th of t h ree qua rters of th

-
e s ta n da rd This .

poin t s to th e l en gth of 2 7 inche s as th e regul ationlength

f or t h e s t ele o f anarrow Th e d an ger of b reaking a bow
.

in c rea ses th e further it i s drawnup an d th ere i s n o s c arc ity

,

o f b ows th at are b roken at e ve n a short er draw th an 2 7 or

2 8 in c he s . How m an y m ore brokenbow s would th ere h ave

b eent henif t h e u su al length o f arro ws drawnwere 36 inch e s
an d thi s i nth e course of a b attle whena broke nb ow m ean , t
anarch e r t emp orarily di s abl e d a s anarch e r , Th e mat erial
 D RA WI N G 97

u se d i nth e m an ufacture of b ows th e wood m u s t h ave b een , ,

th e sam e a s n o w an d from th e S p ecim en

, , s e xt an t the ir l en gth ,

do es n ot app e ar to h av e b eenm uch b eyo n d tho s e n ow i nu s e .

I nfact th e l en
, gth of a bow mu st al ways b e limit e d so a s to
b e wit hi nth e reach of th e a rch er who st rin gs it an d th e ,

a ve rag e s t ature of th e hum anra c e do e s n ot app ear to h av e

dim ini sh e d .

It i s not p ret en de d th at n o arrow s w ere l on ger than2 7

in ch es D oubtless lon
. g and light arrows were e mployed to an
noy anenemy whil st still at a dist anc e but for a war arro w -
,

with a h e avy b arb e d pil e to b e ane ffectiv e mi ss ile it m u s t h ave

, ,

b ee np rovid e d with a st rong an d sti ff s t el e an d thi s c an not ,

a l so h ave b eenu n u s ually long .

A s diction aries s eem to a void th e compoun d word s c lo th

y a r d a n d c lo t h i e r s y a rd no b’
e tt er e vid
, e n c e ca n b e fo u nd th a n
t h e s t at em en t th at th e 2 7 in ches c on s titut e a Fl em i s h y ard ,

an d th at Fl em i sh bows arrow s , a n d st rin

, g s were alway s
i nhigh re put e So th e di sput e m u s t still b e l e ft for fu rth er
.

c on s id e ra ti on .

H ansard i n Th e Book o f Arch ery 1 8 40 treat s th e m att er

, ,
’

a s fully a s p o s s ibl e p e rh ap s an d app aren tly l ean

, s t oward s th e

beli e f that th e t all es t an d m o s t s t alwart arche rs may h ave

drawnup huge bow s a full yard of th e s t an dard ; yet as h e ,

c on t end s at p 1 9 1 th at great numbers of Wel s h serve d at

, .
,

Cre cy an d Poi c ti ers an d it i s s om ewh ere s aid th at a con

, s id er

abl e p orti o n c ons is ted o f arch ers it seems un lik ely th at at th e

,
’

s am e tim e th e a v era ge arch er at th o s e b attl e s wa s of gigan tic

s t ature As ch am m ight h av e s ettle d th e m att er but h e
.
,

venture s no further th anth e st a tem en t (p 8 7 o f Arb er s re .

’

print ) th at at th e battel of Agin c ourt with vii tho u sand fygh t

n
y g e m e n a n d , y e t m a n y o f th e m sy c k e b eyn g e s uch e ar ch e rs , ,

a s t h e Cron y c l e s a y e t h th a t m oos t e
, p a r t e of th e m d re w e a

y ard e 185 0
,
’
.

Ap art from th e hi st oric al c on s id eratio no f wh at u s e d t o

b e th e ave rage d raw of th e old E n glish arch ers it m u st b e ,

,
H
9 8 A R CH E R Y

a dm itt e d that modernarch ers err onth e s ide o f n o t pull i ng up

en ough rath er th anonth e s id e o f ov e r d ra w in -
g Th ere fore i t .

i s s t ron gly rec omm e nd e d to every arch er to em ploy a s long an

arro w a s h e c anc on v en iently u s e and to b ear i nm ind tha t
,

th e p ortionof it to b e d rawnup at ea ch l oo s e s h o uld b e ar s om e

re a s on abl e p roportio nto th e l e n gth o f arm & c i ne ach indi
, .
,

vidu al c ase It m ay b e sa fely st at e d th at no a rch er wi ll fi nd

.

th at h e c an conven i en tly draw fully u p and loos e e venly an

a rrow of grea ter len t h th a n th e s p a c e b e t we enth e l e ft c en t re
g
j oin t o f th e collarbone and th e knuckl e o f th e le ft h an d in dex -

fin ger whenth e b ow arm i s fully ext end e d

-
.

But f ew exp e ri enc e d arch ers now ext e n d th e b ow arm fully -

an d t ake th eir ai m b e fo re th ey c om m en c e drawing at all .

N eith er c anthi s method b e c omm end e d as it h as anawkward

,

app earan c e from th e ne c es sity th at exi s t s o f stretchin

, g th e
oth e r arm so f ar a c ros s th e b o dy i nord er to rea ch th e s t ri n g ,

an d it m at erially in cre ase s th e ex ertionne c e s s ary to pull th e

b ow . Y et thi s m e thod i s n ot w itho ut i t s u s e a s a prelim i ary n
d ri ll f o r a b e ginner that h e m ay l e arnth e nec e ssity and th e
,

d i fficulty of drawing h i s arrow up whil s t keeping it c onst antly

,

an d e xactly onth e lin e which t h e a rrow i s a f erward s to follo w t

t oward s th e obj ect to b e hit wh eni t i s loo se d ; at t h e sam e

tim e not yet att endin g to th e se c on d and e qually gre at di ffi
culty of a b e gin ne r nam ely that of sh ooti ng th e exact length
, ,

a s we ll ; al so th at h e m ay l e arnh o w t o c ov e r di fl ere nt l en gt h s
by high er and lower po sitions of t h e b ow hand -
.

M uch dive rsity o f opin ionexist s a s to th e b e st m e th od of

gettin g th e b ow h and in
-
t o pos itionf or th e ai m and loose as to ,

wh e th er i nth e c o urs e o f d rawin

, g up th e arrow sh all b e b rought
,

int o th e line o f ai m from bel ow or from ab ove or from th e right ,

to th e l e ft ; an d h ere it would s e em th at t o m ak e th e m otionof

drawing from th e right to th e l e ft and up ward s at t h e sam e
n
tim e i s th e s im pl es t a d m os t direct pl an sinc e a ft er th e , ,

nocking o f th e arrow th e d rawing c omm enc e s m ost naturally

,

from b eneath and to th e right o f th e ob j e c t to b e hit .

 A R CH E R Y

b eengivento avoid— oonas po ssibl e aft er th e be gin

as s ner h as
t t h ugh t h e fi rst el em e n t s — t h e settin g u p o f t h e b o w h an d
g o r o - -

Wi th th e arro w already onth e lin e of ai m t o b e th enh au l e d

a t an
,
d thi s for reas on s al rea dy given But n . ow c o m es i nt h e

a pp are n tly c on t radictory a dvic e to get it pl an , t e d th ere to b e

haule d at i ngood tim e b efore t h e con clu sionof th e operat i o n
o f d ra win g s o th at tha t c on
,
c lu s i on ma
y h e c e r t ai nly i n t h e

right l i n e o f ai m An
. d th e further a dvic e at this st a ge of
drawing i s th at th e loo sing hand b e kept well b ack an
-
d n e ve r
,

allow e d t o adv an ce b etweenth e arch er s fac e and th e obj e ct ’

a im e d at . I npreviou s e diti on s o f thi s book i t was l a id do wn

that th e arrow sh all b e at l east thre e fourth s drawnwh en -

brought up onth e ! li n ai m s i s f ar from s u fl n

e of
! But thi i i
’
. c e t
at thi s poin t of th e process About n . in e t en th s of drawing
-

s houl d b e by th at tim e acc o mpli s h e d or th e arch e r will b e

,

i na s till w ors e po sitio nfor a pplyin g h i s s trength t o th e loo se

with a dvan t age should th ere b e an y p a u s e a t thi s s t a g e of
d rawin g to c ombin e th e level with th e li n e of a i m N ext c ome
.

th e c on s id e rati on s wh et h er th e arro w s hould b e h e ld qui e s c en t

f or a sh ort ti m e whils t th e p e rfe ct ai m i s foun
, d or wh ether ,

th e e n t i re drawin g shou ld b e on e co n tinuo u s ac t from th e

fi rs t m om ent o f pullin g and rai s in g th e b ow t o th e loose .

N eith er of th e se m ethod s a pp ears to h ave m uch a dvan t a ge

ov er th e oth er if well execut e d Th e form er will b e a littl e
,
.

more t rying to th e bow and if th e fi n , , ish b e i mp erfe ct m ay ,

l e ad to l etting th e arrow out which i s kn , owna s a creep i n g l o o s e -

.

Th e l atte r m ay l ea d to anarrow b ein g occ asionally im perfe c tly

drawn; but th e bow will have no c au se of c om pl aint an d full ,

a dvan t age will alway s b e t ak eno f all th e work th at i s d on e .

Th e m eth od of drawin g th e arrow home at on c e which h as ,

s till to b e c on s id e re d h as thi s p oin

, t app aren tly i ni t s favo u r
— th at it e n s ure s th e arrow s b e in g alway s dra wnto th e s am e
’

point But it i s v ery t rying to th e b ow th e arm s a n

.
, d th e ,

fin gers and en
, , din g i n what i s c alle d a dea d loos e at th e -
,

bes t s c arc ely produc es res ult s com men s u rat e with th e l abou r
 D RA WI N G Io;

undoubt edly t aken an d wh en

,
e ver it i s i mmrfe c tl
y fi n i s h e d a

c re eping loo se res ult s

-
.

A s ch am qu otin , g P roc opiu s s ay s th at L eo th e E m p e

, ,

ro u re wo uld h av e h s s ou ld e rs d ra we
, y y q y
u c kl y e i n w a r r e f o r ,

that m aket h a sh aft fl i e a p ac e I n s h o o ty n

.
g e a t p yr c k e s ,

h a s ty and qui eke drawing i s n ey th e r s ure n or c u m ly e Th ere .

fo re to d raw e a se ly and u n
, i f o rme ly i s b e s t b oth f o r
profi t and s em eli n e s se Th e m o d ern style o f s h ootin
.
’
g th e
York Ro und & c i s th e sam e a s u se d i nh i s d ays to b e c alled
,
.
,

s h o otin g at prick s an d h i s a dvic e a s to th e m an

, ne r of draw
in g c an n o t b e m uch i m p r o v e d .

A f e w lin e s b e fore th e p a s sa ge abov e qu ot e d h e s ay s An d ,

on e th y n ge co mm e t h i n t o m y r e m e m b ra n c e n o w e w h e n I,
s p e a k e

o f dra wyn g e th a t, I n e v e r r e d of o th e r ky n d e o f s h o o t y gn e ,

th andrawing wyth a m an s h an d eith er to th e brest e or e are .

’

Thi s h e s ays whenre ferrin g to th e in ven tion of c ro ss b ows -

.

But it i s curiou s th at to n o writ er onth e s ubj e ct o f arch ery

it occurre d th at u nde r th e eye might po s s ibly b e a b ett er

dire ctionf or d rawing th aneith er to th e b res te or to th e c a re .

Y et so it i s th a t u n t i l th e fi rst app earan c e of Mr H A F ord s . . .

’

The ory and P ra ctic e of Archery i n1 8 55 th ere exis t e d n o

in t ermediat e styl es b et weenth e one th at was t oo low an ,

d ,

t h e o th er which th ough i nth e o ppo s it e ext rem e wa s th e ns o

, , ,

highly re gard e d a s th e grand old E n glis h styl e th at th e ,

a uth or th o ugh an
,
nu ally Championsinc e 1 8 49 mu st h av e b e en ,

a b old m anto giv e th e fi rs t in dic ationof th e new an d n ow ,

al m o s t u n ive rs ally a dm itt ed b est style for t arget pra ctic e o f

,
-

d rawing to su c h a di s ta nc e tha t th e wri s t of th e right ha nd c o me

to a bou t th e lev el of the c hi n an d th e l e ve l of th e arrow s h all
’

b e a s h a de l owe r th anth at o f th e chin i t s n o ck b e in g i n th e

vertic al li ne dropp e d from th e right eye .

On e o f th e m ain fe atures o f go o d dra wi n g i s th a t t h e

dist anc e pulle d b e preci s e ly th e sam e every t 1 m e th at i s to

s ay th e s am e l e n
, g th o f t h e a rr o w m u s t b e d r a w n id e n tic a lly ,

w h eth er thi s l en gth b e to th e pile o r an y s h o

, r t er di s t a n ce .
lot A R CH E R Y

U nl e s s this be unerringly acc omplish e d with every shot th e

len g t h m u s t b e m o re o r l e s s u n c e r t a in , s i n c e th e po w e r t a k e n
ou t of th e h ow will b e gre at er or l ess acc ordin g to th e l onger
or sho rt er draw .

A gre at m an y d evic es h ave been t rie d an d pra cti s e d to

make this ex act sim il arity i nth e dist an c e drawna m att er o f
c ertainty su ch as by n
, otchi n g th e end of th e arrow so that ,

th e l e ft h an d m ay feel it wh e nth e right length of draw h as

b eenreached or by touching s om e p oint o f th e fac e n , e ck or ,

chin collar butt on or oth er fi xe d p oint with s om e p art of th e

, , ,

drawing h and But it will b e foun

. d in fin it e ly b ett er t o arrive
a t ane x a ct rep etitio nof th e s am e acti on by c are ful p ra ctic e

rath e r th anby d o dge s which m ay h owe , ,

ve r b e u se ful a s ex
,

e i m n t Th m e ch n ic l d vic re u n lik e ly t o h a v e a
p r e s . es e a a e e s a

b en efi ci al re s ult wh enc on st an tly i nu s e as wh enth e eye and

, ,

min d a re fi xe d and c on c en t rat e d (as th ey s hould b e) onth e

a i m if an
,
ything o cc urs to dist ract eith er th e l oo s e i s almo st
,

s u re t o b e co m e u n e qu a l .

Th e pil e o f th e arrow sh o uld n ot b e d ra wnonto th e b ow .

It i s f ar bett er th at n o arrow b e drawnfurth e r th an e x a ctly t o

th e pile an d e v ery arrow sh o uld b e lon

.

ge r by at l ea st a s m uch
,

a s th e p i l e ,
thanth e arch er s a ctual draw Th e danger of
’
.

o ve rd rawi n g i nth at th e arrow at th e l oos e get s set in

, s id e

th e b ow to i ts ownc ert a ind e s tructiona n d t o t h e b ow s an d

’

t h e arch er s in
’
fin it e risk i s very c ons id e rabl e N othin
,
. g c an
b e g a in e d by th e viol ati on of thi s ru l e . I n c as es wh ere a
b egin ner may b e likely to overdraw a string of th e c orrect ,

lengt h to b e drawnmay b e tie d bet weenth e b ow st ring and

t h e h an dl e of th e b ow which wil l eff e ctu ally p re v en
, t s uch an

o ccurre n ce .

It i s b elie ve d th at all arch ers goo d b ad an , , , d in di ff erent are ,

( m o r e o r l e ss ) c o ns t a n tly s ubj e ct t o o n e f a ili n g n a m

, e ly th, a t i n
c om pl e tin g th e draw aft er th e ai m i s t aken a slightly diff eren
, , t
lin e t o th at o cc u pi e d by th e arro w (if co rrectly a im e d ) i s t a k e n ,

in s t e a d of m akin g th e lin e of fi n ish (a s th ey sh ou ld do) anexa ct

104 A R CH E R Y

A s fa r as pos sible ight h an

th e r d mus t alway s b e drawn
iden tic ally to th e sam e poin t f or all kind s of t arget pra ctic e -
,

wh at e ver th e di s t an ce to b e sh ot m ay b e To th e le ft arm .

al o n e sh ou ld b e l e ft th e d e lic at e t a s k of th e e le vati onor de p re s

s i onn e c e s s ary wh ena l on ger or a s hort er di st anc e from th e

t arget i s a dopt e d It will b e ob v iou s th at wh enth e le ft h and
.

i s acc ordin
, g to thi s rul e higher or lower for t h e pu rp ose of
,

s h ootin g a longer or sh orter di st anc e th e relative po s itions of

th e t wo h an d s m u s t vary from a gre at er to a le s s divergence
from an h oriz ont al level b et ween th em and thi s le ad s to a ,

mo st im port ant c onsiderationi nth e actionof d rawin g nam ely , ,

th e p o s itiono f th e right e lb ow This be ing n

.
, e c ess arily ou t

o f th e a rch e r s s ight whil s t ai m in g i s too frequen tly forgott en

’
, ,

an d a fa ulty we ak p o s itiono f th e e lb ow i s m uch m ore ea sily

c ont ract e d th ancure d T reat e d a s a m e ch anic al c on
. t rivanc e
f or d rawin g up anarrow th e on , ly c orre ct po sitionof th e right
e lbo w with re fe re n c e to th e arrow i s th at th e arrow s axi s ’

s h o uld p a ss thro ugh th e p oin t of th e bent elbo w and i nthi s ,

positionon ly c anth e archer apply h i s full s t rength Y et pro .

,

b ably from th e fa ct that th e elbo w m ust p ass through positions

o f l ess a dv an t a ge i nth e c ourse o f drawing b e fore th e full draw i s
re a ch e d it will b e ob s e rve d th at m an
,
y arch ers at th e l oos e
h a ve th e elbow below th e level of th e arrow s axis an ’
dn ot a

f e w h ave th e elbo w p roj e ctin g forward s from th e sam e ax is .

Th e se fau lt s are b elie ve d to b e th e c a us es o f th e c onst ant an d

o th erwi se u n a cc o un t able but m o st fre qu ent do wnfall of s u c
, ,

c es s f u l arch e rs ge n, e rally a tt ribut e d to th e fa ilu re o f n e rve .

Y et th e n erv e s c an not cert ainly b e altogether at fault for th e ,

s am e arch e r wh o s e arro w t akes i t s flight in

, t o i t s o wnh an ds ,

wh enapplie d t o t arget p ractic e c an s t e a di ly d raw a n

, d h old
th e s am e arro w wh enit i s n ot t o b e s h o t It c andoubtless b e
.

ob s e rve d th at i ns uch c ases th e arrow i nt h e on e c a se i s d ra wn

up with a faulty wav erin g of th e e lb ow whi l s t i nth e oth er

,

th e e lb ow i s b ro ught st ea d i ly in t o correct p os iti on Wh ena .

p os itionof th e elb ow high er th anth e axis o f th e a rrow c ome s

 D RA WI N G 10 5

to b e c on s id ere d it appears to part ake of th e nature o f an

,

e x a gge rat e d virtu e rath e r th an a fa ult ; i s an a ss i s t an ce i n

th e earlier proc es s es of d ra wi n g and wheni ne xc e s s th ough ,

not grac e ful wi ll prob ably cu re it se lf Mu ch th e s am e m ay b e

,
.

s a id o f th e m uch le ss fre qu e n t fa ult of drawi ng th e right elbow

in to a po sitionfurth er b a ck thanth e a xis of th e arrow Thi s .

c an on ly b e brou ght about by o verdrawing an d i s s e ld om ,

ob se rv abl e e xc e pt i nb e gin ners wh o are anxiou s to do all th ey

kn o w with too long anarrow .

Th e t reat m en t of th e elbow o f th e b ow arm rem ains to -

b e con s id e re d H ere t ro uble i s m ore likely to ari s e with b e

.

g i n n e rs th a n i n a n a rch e r s a ft e r c’
a r e e r If a-
b e gin n er i n .
,

ob e die n c e to th e instruction s o f Warin g an d th e old er m ast e rs

of th e c ra ft h old out th e b ow arm a s straight as p oss ibl e i e
,
-
. .

locke d tight at th e e lbo w a s prain diffi cult to c u re m ay not

,

unlikely b e th e re s ult and at an , y

,
r a t e a v a s t d e a l o f u nn e,

c e s s ary arm or a rm gu ard th ras hin g Onth e oth er h and a .

,

bent b ow a rm s uch a s m ay app ear to b e re c omm e nde d i nth e

-
,

e arli e r e dition s o f thi s work will lea d t o but p oor res ult s if
,

a b ow e qu al to th e arch er s po we r b e u se d
’
Here again th e .

be s t a dvic e th at c an b e given i s to hit off th e h appy m ean

bet weenth e too rigid arm and th at which i s too slack L et .

th e b o w arm b e st raight en
-
ed n at urally a s th e st ra in o f th e

loo sing h and i s applie d to it and by c are fu l drill each archer

,

will arrive a t a m e th o d of ren de ring th e re c oi l of th e b ow

s t rin g h arm less to th e c ourse of th e arro w as w ell a s to a
nake d wri st which it i s now alm os t univers ally adm itted
, , ,

nee d not b e brought i nto cont act with th e arm gu ard .

A m arke d variationof th e m ethod o f d ra win g h as occ a

s i on ally b eena dopt e d with c on ,
s id erabl e s u cc e s s with we ap on s ,

of light c alib re Th e n
. ocke d arro w i s plac e d h oriz o n t ally a
littl e b elow th e shoulde r le vel -
Th e draw th enc om m en
. ce s
with th e e xt e n siono f th e b o w a rm whil st th e right h an
-
, d and
elb o w t ak e th e po s itionf or l oo s in g th e arrow b e in , g k ept all
th e tim e ont h e lin e of a i m .
10 6 A R CH E R Y

One not a ltogeth er u n commondistortionmust b e m en

t i one d f or c are ful a void an c e This con s is t s of a sti flen in
’

.
g o f
th e right wri s t with th e h an
, d b en t b ackward s at th e ti m e th e
,

fin gers are appli ed to th e bowst rin . g This an tic of course

c ripple s con s id erably th e d raw . Th e actio no f th e wris t sh ould
b e quit e fre e an d un con s t rain e d un t i l th e c o m m e n c emen t o f th e
draw an , d duri n g th e dra w th e b ack of th e hand should b e
kept a s n early as p os s ibl e i nth e s am e li n e a s th e forearm .

Th e l e ft sh o ulde r re qui re s m o st c are ful att e n tion I t m u st

.

not b e allowe d to ri se too high whenth e b ow i s drawn nor to ,

s h rin k in ward s a s it will s om e tim es do with b e gin

, ners when
us in g bows th at are t oo st rong Moreover this shoulder mu s t
n
.
,

b e k ept s o clo s e to t h e l i n e b e tw ee th e b ow an d th e right

s hould er th at it s h a ll p roj e ct n e ith e r b e fore n or b ehin d th at
10 8 A R CH E R Y

d to s ecure a ccura cy i n thro wing st on

o r er es or c a n a n y
a mou n t of ab s t ract study o f optic s con t ribut e th e s m alle s t
imp rovem ent or fi n i sh to a bowl er 2 So it i s i nthi s m att er ‘

of aiming th at be gin ne rs and s till m ore th os e wh o are m ore

,

a dv an c e d i n p ractic e seem m o s t to res en

,
t in t erfere nc e an d
a dvic e p artly b e c au s e they obj ect to b e ing t old th at th ey are
m akin g a w o g or incom pl et e u se of th e ir owneye s lookin
r n — g
up onit a s a direct accu s ationof folly whe n th ey feel tha t
—

th ey m u s t s urely kno w b ett er th anth eir a dvi s er all ab o ut th os e

u s e ful m em b ers which though alm o s t c on
, , s t an tly i ne mploy ,

h ave never givenan y t ro u bl e a n d h a v e n e v e,

r e v e n s e e m e d t o

re qui re an t ra in i ng duc ti n n d p tly w ith t h m

y o r e a o a a r e o re

a dvan c e d wh o h ave met with c on

, s id e rabl e s u cc e ss i nhittin g
with th e i r pu rblin d (as it m ay b e c alle d ) m eth o d of aim ing ,

b e c a us e they fe ar to weakenth ei r not wholly c ompl et e f a i th

i nth e ir own sy st e m b y a d m itti n g ev en th e p os s ibility o f a
b ett er Thu s i nthi s m att e r o f a im ing it will b e b ett er th a t th e
.

inexperienc e d arch er s h ould b e re ferre d to writtenin s t ructi on ;

an d whil s t onth e s ubj ect o f in s t ructi onit s h o uld b e th orou ghly

we ll en force d th at nothing i s m ore un ple as ant th anth e u n

s olicit e d i n t erferenc e and advic e of th e ofl i c i ou s bu sybody an d ,

— p articul arly at an arch e ry m ee tin g no un

— a s k e d advic e or

ins t ructions h ould e ver b e off ered .

It n e ed n ow b e n o m att er o f s urp ri s e th at b e fore th e fi rs t

app e aran c e of thi s work i n 1 8 5 5 no writer onarch ery h ad

, ,

b eena ble to grapple in t ellige n tly with th e s ubj e ct of aiming .

Wh enfi rearm s fi rst t ook th e pla c e o f b ows an d a rrow s a s

weapon s o f war an d th e ch a s e th e fi re arm s th e m s elve s were so
,

I t m u s t h av e m t h e ab se n
b e enf ro c e of t h i s c o m p le t e f ai t h t h at t h e c e le

b rate d arc h e r m e n t i on ed b y M o n t a i gn e i n h i s s e ve n te e n th c h ap t e r wa s c on
s t rai n e d t o dec li ne t h e o ff e r m ade to h i m wh e nc on de mn e d t o di e , t h at t o s av e
h i s li f e h e s h ou ld e x h i b i t s om e no t a b le p roo f o f h i s art b u t h e re f u s e d t o try ,
f e ari ng l e s t t h e t oo gr ea t c o nt e n t i o n o f h i s w i ll s h o uld m ak e h i m s h oo t w i de ,

an d th at , i n st e a d o f s av i n g h i s li f e , h e s h o u ld als o lo s e th e re p u t a t i o nh e h a d
g t
o of bei ng a m ar s m an An
goo d k d a gai ni nth e c ase of Te ll th e s am e
.
’

s c arc i ty o f f ai t h b e c am e a p p are nt f rom h i s s ec u ri ng i nh i s q u i ve r t h at s ec ond

q u a si -
h i st ori c al a rro w.
 A IM I N G 19 9

in accu rat e th a t ch an c e w ent al mo s t if n

, ot quit e as f ar a s
,

s ci e n c e i nth e u s e of th em Their i mprov emen

. t was but slow
an d gradu al ; an d for th e fi rin g of th em th e in v en tiono f p er
c u s si oni n s t e a d of fli n t and st eel, which i ni ts turnh ad di s
pl ac e d th e origin al fu se b el on
, gs to quit e m oderntim e s Th e .

negle ct e d b ows and arrow s naturally ga ine d no improvement

e t u n til t h e i nv e ntio n of ri fl i ng fi re a rm s bow a nd w
y , , s a rr o s ,

e xc e pt f or th e gre at e r in h eren t difficulty i nth e u se of th em ,

might h av e h a d a b e tt er ch an c e t o hold their ownag ainst B rown

B e s s and th e bull et (it was common ly b elieved th at it c os t th e
e xp en diture o f about a tonof le a d to kill a sin gle en emy i n

b attle) h ad aim in g with th em beenwell un d erstoo d It c ann

. ot

b e doubt e d th at m an y anarche r (bes ide s those who c on vert e d

t h e ir kn uckl e s in to pin cu shions an ,
d re s ort e d to oth er d o dge s)
mu st h ave hit uponanin t elligent m e th od of aimin g f or him self
i nearly ti m e s ; but s uch early e xp ert s m u s t h ave res ort e d t o th e
e xp e die n t of gettin g th e arrow u nd er th e ey e by p ulli ng low ,

an d wou ld h av e to b e ar th e with erin g s cornof all th eir bre thre n ,

wh o blin dly upheld th at th e grand old E n glish style of aiming

f rom th e ear wa s a lon e worthy o f a m an ; a n d s uch d e s pi s e d
e xp ert s wo uld b e m o s t lik e ly t o ke e p th ei r b e tt er kn owle dg e t o

them selves for th e same s e lfi s h but valid reas onthat Kentfi eld
th e in vent or o f th e side stroke i nbilliard s kept h i s ownc oun
-
,

s el a s l o n g a s h e c o uld a n d al s o b e c a u s e an y c ru sa d e h a vi n g
a s i t s ob j e c t th e d e p ositio no f t h e pull t o th e e ar i nfa v o ur of

th e pull t o th e b re a s t m u s t al way s h ave prove d quix otic So.

it c am e ab out th at Mr H A F ord was th e fi rst wh o afte r

. . .
,

fi ve or s i x ye ars of s ucc e s s ful pra cti c e an d m an y diligent and

c are ful e xp eriment s conduct e d i n c ombin a tion with Mr J .

Bramh all brave d th e dan

,
ger of be ing an ath em ati se d a s a h e reti c

f or d arin g to impugnth e d ear old le gend of th e pull t o th e

an d pre ach e d i n fav o ur o f a styl e of sh ootin g th a t
’
e ar ,

brought th e arrow as dire ctly und er th e archer s eye a s i s th e ’

b arrel of a rifl e i nth e h an d s o f a m ark s m an with out re s ortin

, g
t o th e j u s tly c on demned styl e of pulling as low as th e bre a st .
I Io A R CH E R Y

M uch a b out th e sam e time great im provem ent s were

e ff e ct e d i nfi re arm s which b rou ght th e a cc u ra cy of rifl e s m u c h
,

closer to perfe ction Th e Volunt ee r m ovem ent follo we d by

.
,

th e e st abli s h m en t o f th e annu al Wim ble d onrifl e m eeting at ,

which a Ro s s (th enanillu s t ri o u s n am e ) wa s th e fi rs t Q ueens ’

Priz em ani n 1 8 60 b ro ught th e scien

,
tifi c practic e of aim ing
t o a pitch of perfe c ti onth at h ad n e ve r p re vio u s ly b ee ndream e d

of . Thu s it wi ll b e seenth at arch ery was n o t b e hin d fire arm s

i ns cien tific advan c e m en t .

It i s s t at e d i n Sc lopp e tari a — a s c arc e b o ok onth e ri fl e ,

publi sh e d by C olo el B eau foy i n1 8 1 2 th at a s th e de fl e ction

n —

from th e origi nal line of flight was aninc onven ienc e from
which arro ws we re n ot fo un d so liable a s b odies proj ect e d from
fi rearm s it n
, aturally le d to ani n qui ry h ow th at c o uld aris e .

Th e prom in en t feat u re o f anarro w s flight i s to spi nwith c on

’

s i derab le v e lo city all t h e ti m e o f i t s flight an , d there fore a tt en

tionwas direct e d t oward s att ain ing th e sam e advan t a g e f or
fi rearm s an d it i s n ot with o ut i n t ere st to notic e th at th e
m od ernrifl e i s thu s dire ctly deriv e d from th e c loth y ard s h a ft .

Th e im pro vem en t o f t h e c on ic al bullet i s a lat er off s pring

o f th e sam e an cient m is s ile .

Anarch e r h old s anin t erm e diat e pos itionbet weena s port s

m an wh o i nh i s att ack s uponm ovin
, , g gam e m u st wast e n
, o

tim e i nt akin g ai m an ,d a ri fl e m an wh o, , e v eni na s t an ding

position c anu se th e ut mo s t delib eration If h e b e as qu ick
, .

a s th e s p ort sm anh e will in cre as e th e diffi cu lty o f repro ducing

with each di s ch arge e x a ctly th e s am e accuracy o f pull an d po s i
tion H e m u st n
. ot b e too h es it atin gly slow or h e will s poil
,

hi s b ows an d in volve him self i n un nec e s sary t oil Further

.
,

th e ri fl em anh as pl en ty o f lei s ure to close th e eye with which

h e d oe s n ot ai m ; an d s u c h c los in g a s s ist s and i n no way
,

hind ers h i s t aking h i s ai m by bri nging th e be a d at th e end of

, ,

h i s we a ponan d th e m ech an ic al s ight by which th e length ‘

(di s t an c e fro m th e t ar g e t ) i s co m p a s s e d to b e a r up o n t h e

c ent re of th e t arget or s uch other p oin

, t at som e t rifling di s
u z A R CH E R Y

s i dere d ) th a n thi s poi n t a nd to , t h e r ight a n d l e ft of it,a s w e ll

a s ab ove a n d b elo w i t an d all s uch obj e ct s are in clud e d withi n
th e att en tionof indirect vi sion Th e exact correspo ndenc e of
.

th e i mages form e d onth e two reti n aa appli es o n ly to th e poin t

of di rect vi io a
s n n d t h,
e im g of all other obj e ct s i e th e
a e s — . .

ob j e ct s of i n direct vision are di ff eren

— tly portraye d one ach
retin An obj e ct e mb rac e d i nthi s in di ct vi i n w ill b
a .
y re s o e

see n l e s s or mo re di stin ctly a ccordin g to i ts remot en e s s or

oth erwi s e from on e o r oth e r o f th e ax es i na n p art o f i t s

y
l ength ; an d it will b e or a t an , y r a t e na tu r a lly s hould be ,

cleare st t o t h e in direct vis ionof that eye to th e axi s of which

it most appro xim ates .

Now i naimin ,
g with anarro w to arrive at an , ything like
c ertainty it i s n ,
e c es s ary t o h av e i n vie w three things nam ely , ,

th e m ark to b e hit (th e gold of t h e t arget) th e a rro w as ,

f ar a s p o s s ibl e i n i ts whol e lin e an d l en gth (otherwi se i ts

re a l future cours e c an not b e appreciat e d) ; and th e point of
ai m .

It m ay b e well to explainh ere th at by th e p oi nt of a i m i s

m e an t th e spot which th e p oin t o f th e arrow app e ars to c over .

This spot with th e b ow i s s e ldom id en

, , tical with th e c en tre of
t h e gold or if it b e so with an
, y i ndividu al arch e r a t o ne p ar

ti c ular di s t an c e it will not b e s o at oth er distanc e s becau se

, ,

t h e a rro w h as n o a dju s ti n g sight s s uch a s are provide d to

a s s i s t th e ai m with a rifl e As a nex ampl e le t it b e s upp os ed
.
,

that anarcher i s shooting i na sid e wind s ay at 8 0 y ard s -

, ,

an d th a t thi s di st an c e i s t o hi m th a t p articul ar one where i n ,

c al m w e ath e r th e p oi n , t o f h i s arrow an d th e gold are id e n tic al

f or t h e p urpo se s of aim in g It i s clear th at if h e now treat
.
,

the m so th e eff e ct of t h e wind wi ll c arry h i s arrow to th e

,

righ t o r l e ft o f th e m ark a cc ordin g to th e s ide from whi ch

it bl ows H e i s th ere fore oblig e d to ai m onone sid e of h i s
.

ma rk an ,
d th e p oin t of h i s arrow con s eq uently c overs a spOt
o th e r th anth e t arg e t s c e n t re An d thi s oth e r sp ot i nthi s
’
.

ins t an c e i s to h i m h i s p oi nt of a i m U n der th e p arallel c ir

.
 A I M IN G I 13

cu mstan
c es of a long nge and a side wind
ra -
th e ifl e
r will b e
found s ubj e ct to th e same rule .

Now it will b e u n
-
derst oo d th at it i s n e c es s ary f or th e

a rch er t o em b rac e within h i s vi s ion th e gold th e poin t of ,

ai m an d th e t ru e lin
, e i nwhich th e arro w i s dire ct e d .

D i rec t vi s i onc anon ly b e applie d to on e obj e ct at a t 1m e ,

an d as dire ct vi sionsh o uld b e appli e d as littl e a s po ss ibl e

‘ ’

to th e arrow du rin
-
g th e ai m it h a s to b e showni nwhat way
,

th e arrow m u s t b e he ld i n ord er th at th e a rcher m ay by ,

me an s of h i s i n di rec t vi si on c le arly appre ciat e th e tru e li n

, e in

which it p oint s at th e tim e of aim in g Th e di scu s sionas t o.

wh e th er th e gold or th e p oi n t of ai m sh all b e th e obj ect of

di rec t vi s i onm ay b e po stpon e d f or th e p re s e n t
‘

Now it m ay b e po s itively a s s ert e d as ani n con tro vertibl e

axiom i n a rch ery th a t thi s t ru e lin e c an not b e corre ctly
a pp re ci a t e d by th e s hoot e r u n le s s th e arrow li e i ni t s whole ,

l en gth di r e ctly,
b e ne ath th e a xi s of th e a imi n g e y e T hi s i s .

mo st con fi den tly m ain t ai n ed i n spit e of t h e fact th at t h e

,

stron gest th e m ost d eliberat e and th e m o st s ucc es s ful arch er

, ,

o f th e p res e n t day sy st ematic ally ke ep s h i s arrow a t rifl e out

s ide h i s right eye It m u s t b e remem bere d th a t A s ch am
.

ordain s th at g o o d m e nu es f a u ltes a re n o t t o b e f o llo w ed .

’

Th e in dire ct vision of b oth eyes c ann eve r b e u s e d h ere ,

f or if it were a ccordin ,g to t h e law of optic s two arrow s would ,

b e s een b ut thi s i s n e v er th e ca s e wit h th e h abit u al s hoot e r

— t h ough b oth h i s ey e s b e ope n h abit an d th e won d erful

, ,

ad apti n g p ower of th e eye pre v entin g s uch a nu nt oward

,

eff e ct e qu a lly we ll as (n ay b e tt er th an , ) if t h e s e c o n d e y e b e

clo se d To s t at e this m ore c orre ctly : anexp ert arch er with

.

both eye s openi s i nth e s am e c onditionwith two s im ila r eye s

as a p ers on wh o
-
with im p erfe ct s ight h abitu ally we ars a
, ,

spy gla s s to im p rov e th e s igh t o f th e on

-
e ey e with which ,

improve d eye al on e h e s e e s t o th e c om pl et e n
, egl e ct o f all th at

i s t akeni nby th e oth er eye th o ugh c on s t an

, tly open Tho se .

wh o ha ve sh ot b oth ri ght an d l e ft han de d an

— d th ere a re n
-
ot
I L; A R CH E R Y

a fe w su ch — cananswer f or it that th ough a di ff erent indire ct

,

vi sionof th e arrow i s ob s erve d with each eye e ith er c anat ,

will b e u s e d with o ut an y i n c o n v e n i e n c e ar i s i n g fro m t h e u n

ne c es sary presenc e of th e other Anoth er unus u al exc eption
.

m ay h ere b e m en tion e d of a s tyle of aim in g which though ,

e m in en tly s ucc es s ful through a good m an y years i n th e ca s e

o f a Cha m pi on e ss c an not b e re c omm e nd e d for im itation
, .

Sh e k ept h e r dire ct vi si onon ly onth e poin t of h er arrow ,

thus seeing th e n ock end o f th e arrow gra du ally diverging from

i t s p oi nt t oward s each eye by indirect vi sionand al s o by in , di re ct
vis ionse e in g two t arget s or two s e t s o f targe t s from whi ch sh e
, ,

h a d to s ele ct th e corre ct on e to s e cure th e right di re ctionf or

th e l oo s e . Man y arch ers clo s e th e nonaim ing eye and it will

-
,

b e well for all b e gi n ners to do s o to avoid a very p os sible

tro uble i nth e ca se of a narch er who s e n
,
ona im i n g eye i s th e
-

be st and m o st u s e d of t h e two of this b etter eye ofl

, i c i ou s ly
int erfering to do wrong wh at i ts neighb o ur on ly c ando right .

But to returnto th e st at em ent th at th e arrow i ni ts wh ol e

length m u st li e dire ctly be ne ath th e axis of th e aim ing eye ,

which i s n ow a ss um e d t o b e th e right ey e a s it i s s o i nn
, ine ty
nine c as es ou t of a hundre d F rom fi g 40 it will appe ar that
. .
»

it m u st b e so b e c ause oth erwis e th e s hoot er will b e d e c eive d

,

as to t h e t ru e lin e it h a s t o t ak e f or s o lon g as th e po in t of
th e arrow t o uch e s th e axi s o f t h e aim in g eye th e arrow m ay,

a pp e ar t o th at ey e to b e p oin ting i n a straight line t o th e

obj e ct looke d at though really dire ct e d f ar away to th e right
,

o r l e ft of it a s s howni nfi g 41
,
. wh e re th e arrow CB th o ugh ,

really p oi n tin g i nth e dire ctions b oa m ay th rough t ouchin

, , g
th e axi s o f th e eye from B t o D at c fal s e ly appe ar to th e
,

arch e r t o b e ai m e d at th e obj e ct D .

(I n fi gs . 40 t o 4 3 t h e di s t a n c es b e t w e e n A a nd B a r e su p
p os e d t o repre s ent th e po s s ibl e two i n ch e s or s o b et weenth e
t w o ey e s an, d th e di s tan c e s b e t weenA and D and B and D t o
be n ot l e ss th anfi ft y y ard s ) .

F or i n s t an c e : s upp os e th e arch er to b e shootin g at s uch a

1 I6 A R CH E R Y

dis t an ce th at h i s point of ai m i s i n clude d i nth e gold ; h e o f

c ourse will bring th e p oint of h i s arrow to b e ar up onit ju st as ,

a ri fl e m anw o uld h i s s ight s th at i s th e point will t ouch t h e

,

axi s of t h e aim in g eye But if th e arrow it s elf b e incline d s ay

. ,

to th e right o f th e axi s (as i n th e pull to th e e ar it w o uld b e) ,

it w ill fly away s om e dis t anc e to th e le ft of th e obj e ct look e d at .

An d th e c on v erse of this will b e t ru e al so for if it incline t o th e

l e ft o f th e axis it will th enfly off to th e right ; th e arch er i n
th e se c ase s b ein g inth e p os i tionof a m ark sm anwh o inst ead
o f k eep i n g h i s fore s ight i na li ne with h i s b ack s ight h as de
li b e rat ely a dju s t e d th e ap erture of h i s b ack s i ght t o th e right or
l e ft o f th e b ea d at th e m uzzl e of h i s we ap onwith re ferenc e to
th e obj e ct ai m e d at , .

Anex am ple th at c a m e withinM r F ord s p ers on a l kn

’
. ow

le dge will afl ord a p erfe ct illu s t ration an d w ill b e u s e ful f or

'

t h e po ss ibl e s olution o f sim il ar c a ses Anarch er h a d s h o t

'

f o r m an y ye ars b ut invari ably found th at if e ver h i s arro w

,

point e d (as it s eeme d t o h i m ) i na st raight lin e with t h e c e ntre

o f t h e t arge t it p ers i s t e n tly fl
.

. e w off t o th e l e ft o f it fi ve or

s i x y ard s e v ena t th e s h ort d i s t an

,
c e s (s ee fi g 43 wh ere th e .
,
.

arrow B C , though : point i n g i n th e dire cti on B E app e are d ,

t o th e s h o o t e r t o b e a i m e d a t D ) H e wa s th e re fore oblige d
.

to m ake anall ow an c e and t o p oint h i s arrow that m uch to

th e right (see fi g 42 wh e re th e arrow B C th o ugh p oi n
.
, ted ,

s t raight t o D app ea re d t o th e arch e r t o b e p oin

, ting i nth e
dire cti onAB ) I nva i nh e s o ught a s olut i o no f this a nom aly
. .

All c o uld: t e ll h i m th at th e re wa s s om e th i n g fa ulty ; but as ,

.

e v erythi n g i nh i s s tyle and m o de of a ctionapp e are d c orrect ,

th at s om e thin g remaine d a my st ery until it was ultim at ely ,

dis c overe d th at though th e arro w was h eld dire ctly b ene ath
,

t h e axi s of th e ri gh t ey e (thi s b e in g a l so open) thi s arch er ,

a ctu ally u s e d h i s l f t e y e t o ai m with It will b e rea dily

a .
.

s e enwhy th e di s c re p an cy exist e d b et wee n h i s ai m and th e

fl i gh t o f h i s arrow th e fact b ein, g th at th e arrow did n ot

app e ar to th e s h oot e r to b e p oin ting t oward s th e obj ect at D

 ,
A I I WI N G ,

until it t ouche d th e axi s of h i s le ft eye and c ons equently

, ,

not until i ts directionpoint e d f ar away to th e l eft of th e

m ark (s ee fi g Oncl o sin
. g th e le ft eye th e dire ction of

th e a rrow s flight an d th e ai m c oin cide d b e c a u se th e eye b e

’

ea th wh o s e ax s i th e arrow lay b ec am e th e eye with which

th e ai m was t ak e n .

A s to wh eth er th e di rec t vi si on s h o uld b e appli e d t o th e

m ark t o b e hit or t o th e p oi n
. t of ai m th e argum en , t i s all i n
fav o ur of th e l att er F or th e p oin. t o f a i m m u s t of ne c ess ity
b e i nrel a tionto th e m ark— e ither i nth e s am e ve rtic al lin e

with it or o ut side th at line If o uts ide th enth e dire ct vision

.
,

m u s t c ert ain ly b e uponth e p oin t of ai m ; otherwi s e th e arrow

c an not li e directly b ene ath th e axis o f th e aiming ey e which ,

h as a lrea dy b ee ns hownt o b e n e c e s s ary There fore th e only .

ques tionrem aining t o b e d e cide d i s Whenth e mark falls i n ,

th e sam e vertic al lin e wi th th e p oi n t of a i m w hich o f th e t wo ,

s h oul d b e di rec tly l o oke d a t Here again anargum en t c an

b e a dduc e d to d e t e rm in e th e cho ic e i nfa vo ur o f th e l att e r ;

f or wh enth e p oin t o f ai m i s above th e m ark th e l att er will

b e hiddenfrom th e right or aim in g eye by th e n e c e s s ary rai s
-

in g o f t h e l e ft o r b o w h a n d as m a y ,
b e e a s ily p ro v e d by th e

clos in g o f th e l e ft e e
y ; th e re for e t h e d i re ct vi s i o n c a nn o t b
'

app li e d t o t h e m ark th o ugh it m ay b e applie d to th e poin

, t
o f ai m . Th ere n ow re m ain s but on e c as e n am e ly wh e nth e , ,

p oin t of aim fall s b el ow th e m ark but i nth e sam e vertic al ,

li ne with it ; an d h ere (th ough e ith er o f th e m m ay i n this

c ase b e regarde d with th e dire ct vision ) a s n o r e as o n in g o r

a rgum e n t c an b e a dduc e d for viol atin g or dep arting from

th e rule s hownto b e n e c ess ary i nth e oth er c a s e s ; an d as
‘

it i s easier to view th e p oi n t of ai m dire ctly an d th e m ark

in directly th anth e c ontrary b e c au s e th e point o f ai m will
,

nec es sarily li e b etweenth e m ark and th e arrow s axis ; and ’

a s un iform ity of practic e i s highly de sirable th e applic ation ,

of dire ct vi s i onto th e p oin t of ai m i ne very c a se i s m b st

s tron gly re c omm en de d This t eaching was quite co nt rary to
.
I 18 A R CH E R Y

th at t a ught by all th e old fas hion e d writ e rs wh o m ain

-
t a in
,
ed

th at th e eye or eye s should b e kept alway s in

, ,
t ently fi xe d
upon th e m ark to b e hit It i s prob able th at e ven thos e
.

arch e rs wh o im a gin e th at th ey re g ard dire ctly t h e m ark

on ly do so on
,
ly i nth e c ase wh enth e m ark and th e point
of ai m c oin cide (which with e ach arch er m ay b e c alle d h i s
p o i n-
t bla k 1
nra n g e ) a nd thi s i s a na l o g o u s t o a ll rifl e p ractic e ,

wh ere from an y c a u s e a ll o w a n c e m u s t b e m a d e .

It m u s t b e b orne i nm ind th at all th e se rema rk s apply

on ly to t arge t length s As regard s aimi n. g at very long di s
t anc e s wh enth e m ark and th e p oin
,
t of ai m are too f ar ap art
t o b e s u ffici e n tly s e eni n con j u ncti o n n o s c i e n ti fi c p r
,i n c ipl e

c an b e l aid d own f or th e guid an c e of anarch er Practic e .

al o n e will giv e h i m a k n o wle dg e o f t h e p o wer o f h i s b ow ,

an d th e a n gl e of e le va tionre quire d to throw up th e arrow

a s f a r as t h e m ark If th e dis tanc e to b e shot b e a k n
. own

an d a fi x e d on e — f or i n s t an c e two hundre d y ard s th e mec e s

,
—

s ary c a lcul a ti on s are m ore or le s s a tt ain a bl e ; but t h e great

dis t anc e rend ers th e re s ult s o unc ert ainas t o p rev en t an y

t hi n g app roaching to th e accuracy of ai m att ainable at th e
cus t om ary t arge t dis t anc es If th e m ark b e a v aryin . g an d
un c ert ainone a s i nR oving th e a rch e r i s entire ly dep e nd ent
, ,

upon h i s judgm ent of di s tanc es Thi s s ort of s hooting

.
,

th ough very in t ere sti ng m u st b e a tt end e d with a grea t

,

am o u n t of unc ert a in ty ; but a s i ne v ery oth er c as e th e m ore

, ,

judicio u s practic e b e applie d th e gre ate r will b e th e s ucce s s .

No h ard an d fa s t rul e s c anb e l aid d ownf or d e cidi n

- -
g whe re
th e poin t o f ai m ought to b e at an y p a rticul ar di s t an c e as ,

thi s i s dep enden t up ona great variety of circum st anc e s as —

s t ren gth of b ows and th e s harpne s s and duln

,
es s of th e ir

c ast he avy or light arrows a quick or s luggis h loose and

, , ,

th e v aryin g forc e o f diff erent wind s One archer will fi nd .

h i s p o in t blank range at 1 2 0 yard s whil s t anoth er c anget a

-
,

p oi n t blan
-
k ai m onth e t arget at 60 yard s even by rais ing , ,

P oi nt bl n k c nh a
-
a n th m ni ng i nA h y
a ve o o er ea rc er .
 12 0 A R CH E R Y

hifte d up a nd down th e bo wst ri n

s g a n d wh e n c o rr e ct ly, ,

a dju s t e d t h e a im i n
,
g eye s h o u ld ju s t c atch sight o f the c en t re
o f th e t arg e t th ro ugh th e ap e rture This ins trum ent i s c on
‘

f e s s e dly u s el e ss e xce pt for ve ry weak b ows an d th e sm all e s t ,

t rembling e ve n would put it off th e ai m an d bli n d as it , ,

were th e ai min
, g ey e .

An I ri s h s h ot th e l at e C apt ain Whitl a s ucc ee d e d i n

, ,

ge tting h i s ai m on th e t arge t at all th e th ree dis t an c e s by

varying th e s t rength and c as t of h i s bows u si ng h i s b e st and ,

s t ro n ge s t at 1 0 0 yard s thenon e th a t was s lowe r an d we aker

n
,

a t 8 0 y ard s a d t ru s t i n
,
g him s elf to a slug like a broom s ti ck
at 60 y ard s .

An oth er arch er (with th e s ame b ow at all di s t an c e s) got

h i s ai m upon t h e t arge t wh e n sh ootin g a t 1 0 0 y ard s by
t ouching with th e thum b o f h i s right h an d about th e po s ition
o f th e right c ollar b o n e Wh ens hooting at 8 0 y ard s h e got
-
.

h i s ai m againonth e t arget by rai s in g h i s h and so high th at

h i s th u mb n ow c oil e d up an
,
d cl os e to th e ro ot o f th e fi rs t
fin g er with i ts top j oin
, t t o uch e d b ene ath th e chin An d at .

60 y ard s h e s till obt ai n e d a nai m onth e t arge t by rai s in g th e

loo s ing h an d high er so th at t h e s am e po i n
, t of th e thumb
t o uche d th e right c orner of h i s m outh It i s b eli eve d th at i n .

t hi s c a s e th e gra dua l c on tractionof th e angle b et weenth e

a xi s o f t h e ey e an
i

d o f th e arrow led to a sh ort er draw a t th e

ne arer dis t anc e s .

On e cl a s s o f arch e rs th o ugh im pli e d i np re vi o u s di s cu s

,

s i on s s h ould al s o b e t re at e d s e p arat e ly a s th e y m ay b e m ore

, ,

i nn um b er th an i s generally s uppose d nam ely th ose wh o , , ,

b e c au se th e l e ft ey e i s t h e b e s t o f t h e t wo or from c on stan t , ,

an d in curable h abit ai m with th e l e ft eye th o ugh shoo ting

, , ,

as it i s c all e d right h an, de d i e h olding th e b ow i nth e l e ft

-
, . .

h an d Such arch ers sho uld if th e p eculiarity b e d et e ct e d i n

.
,

tim e b e re c om m en
,
de d t o sh oot with th e b ow i n th e righ t
h an d Po s s i bly m ore th an one m o s t promi sing archer h as
n
.

b ee ke p t o nth e top run

«
g but o n e o f th e l a dde r o f fam e b
y
 A IM I N G .
as :

t ryin g to force h i s weaker ri ght ey e t o do th e work th at

m ight h av e b eenm uch b ett er don e by th e l e ft on e It h a s
.

a l s o b eenalre ady expl ain e d th a t wh ere phy sic al p eculi ariti e s

,

a dm i t it thi s right h an
,
-
de d s h ooting with th e le ft ey e give s
.

th e arch er a s light m ech an ic al a dvan t age as th e divergence

,

from th e line of forc e m ay b e thus c ontract e d .

To c on clude th e s ubj e ct o f aim ing it i s not pret ende d th at

,

s hutt i n g one ey e an d ai m i n g with th e oth er i s wron g but

,

th at it i s b ett er though occ asi on ally clo s ing on e e ye f or e x p e

‘

ri m e n t s to u s e th e oth er ey e f or aim in
, g with th e one be ing
,

dili gently traine d to keep i nth e b ackground att ending s ole ly

,

t o i t s o wns ubo rdin at e fun ctions.

122 A R CH E R Y

CHAPT E R
OF H OL D I N G A N D L OO S I N G

HOL D I N G .

B Y h oldi n
g i s m e a nt keeping th e a rrow fully dra wn b e fore
it i s loo se d As ch am h as m a de thi s h i s fou rth point of arch ery
.

an d but little c anb e a dd e d t o wh at h e h a s s a id onth e s ubj e ct .

Holding h e s ay s m u st not b e longe for it b oth e putt eth a

,
’
, ,

bo we i ni eop ardy and al so marre th a m ans sh oot e it m u s t b e

,
’

s o lyt l e y at it m ay b e p e rcey u e d b ett e r i n a m a ns m yn de

’

wh enit i s done th an s c en,

e wi th a m ans ey e s wh e n it i s i n
’

doyn g
.
’
Thi s r e p re s e n t s s o e x a ctly w h a t h o ldi ng a t i t
, s b e s t ,

s h oul d b e th at it n
, e e d s on ly b e a dd e d th at this alm os t im p er
c e p ti b le p a u se b e fore th e a c t o f l oos in g s erve s to s t e a dy th e
arm an d pe rfe ct th e ai m an , d i s a gre a t a s s i s t an c e to t h e
obt ain ing o f a c ert ainan d e v enl oo se It i s th ere fore i nc om
.
,

p an y with th e oth er poi n t s of archery m o st nec e s s ary to b e

,

cultivat e d if s ucc e s s ful hittin g i s to b e th e res ult But le t no.

arch e r thin k to arrive at thi s perfe ctiono f h olding by gra spin g

h i s b o w a s tight a s h e po s s ibly c an from fi rs t t o la st Th e .

g r as p s hould b e g r a du a l ly tight e ne d as th e s t ra ino f th e d raw

i s in creas e d otherwi se t oo m uch t oil i s giv ento th e b ow h and -

,

an d it wi ll fail i nth e l oo s e On. e v e ry s ucc e s s ful s h ot h a d s o

m an y fault s th at hi s succ e s s wa s al way s a s urprise ; y et h e

h a d thi s in variable virtue th at though it wa s obviou s th at
, ,

h e h eld h i s b ow quit e l oo s e ly duri n g t h e d ra w a t t

,
h e fi n a l
pa u se h i s gras p wa s vis ibly tight ene d m os t fi rm ly .

Me n tions ho uld n ot b e om itt e d o f th e s adly fal se con cep

1 24 A R CH E R Y

and l ength of pull will c ast m any y ard s furth er i nth e h and s
of o ne manth anit will i nthose o f another owing s olely and ,

en tirely to th e diff eren t m an ner i nwhich th e s tri ng shall h ave

b eenquitt e d .

N o argum ent s are n e c e s s ary t o pro v e h o w d el i c at e a n

o p e rati on it i s i n arch ery t o l o o se we ll an d t o acc om pli s h

, ,

wi th t h e ev en nes s sm oothnes s and unvarying s im i lari ty me ce s

, ,

s ary f or a ccu rat e hittin g th e c ons um matin

,
g eff ort i n cluding
,

a s it d o es on t h e o n e s i d e o f ani n s t an t th e great e st e xertion

of m u s cl e s th at onth e oth er s ide of th at ins t ant are i np er
fe et re po se But c ons id erable m i sappreh e n
. s i one xi s t s am on gs t
arch ers a s t o wh at i s a g ood l o o s e it b ei ng o ft enthought
,

th at if an e xt rem e sh arpness o f fligh t b e c om m u n ic at e d t o

t h e arro w it i s c on
, c lu s iv e e vid e n c e a s to th e goo dn e s s o f th e

l oos e without re ferenc e to th e c onsi derationth at this extre me

,

s h arp n e s s o f l oo se s e ld om p ro duc e s s t e a dily s ucc e ss ful hittin g

a t an y di s t anc e a nd s till
,
l e s s fre qu e n tly i s e ff e ctiv e a t a ll t h e

dis t anc e s A thoroughly goo d l oose c annot e xis t un

. le s s accu
racy o f hitti n g a s well a s keen ne ss o f fl ight b e th e c ombin ed

re s u lt ; an d if th e t wo c an not b e obt aine d t oge ther a s lo wer ,

fl i ght with ccuracy ris es i mm eas urably s up erior t o th e rapid

a

flight with un c ert ai n ty .

Th e flight o f anarro w k ee n ly loos e d i s as fair to vi ew a s

th at of an y bi rd whils t th e flight o f ana rro w th at i s b a dly
,

loo se d i s a s unin t eres ting as th e s t aggerin g s o f a dru n ken

m an Thi s i s quit e ap art from th e c on
. s id e rati o no f hitt i n g
th e obj e ct aime d at but Whe nth e que stionre s olve s it s elf i n to
thi s practic al form I s it po s s ibl e f or th e s am e m o de o f l oo s in g
t o give t h e ut m o s t rapidity of fli ght an d a t th e s am e tim e
c e rt a inty o f lin e an d e lev ati on2 —t h e c on
‘
s en s u s o f e xpe ri e n ce
s h o uld b e i n th e n e g ativ e Th ere i s n
. o den ying that a f e w s u c
ces s i v e arrows m ay b e s h ot accu rat ely i nthis way but durin ,
g
an p rol on g e d p e rio d t h e in ccu cy o f flight i u t b
y a ra s s re o e

s uch a s t o re n d er th e average sh ooting in ferior Th e difficulty

.
,

a m o un tin g a l m o s t t o a n im p o s s ibility o f o,bt a in i n g a l o o se

 OF H OL D I N G 7 1 s L OOS I N G 12 5

which h al l c ombin
s e gre at sh arpn e s s an d accuracy of flight at
th e s am e tim e ari s es from th e fa ct th a t s uch a loo se re quire s ,

to obt ainth at s h arpne ss th at th e fingers of th e right h and

,

be s n atch e d away from th e s t rin g with s uch s uddenness and

'

rapi dity a s to co m p rom i se th e s e c on d quality of accura cy

s uch a s udd e nj erk o f th e s t ri n g end an ge ring th e st e adines s
of th e l e ft arm at th e fi nal m om ent and b y i t s un av oid a bl e
‘

, ,

irregul arity , not only h avin g a t enden cy t o drag th e s tring

an d c on s e quen tly th e arrow ou t o f th e proper line of fl ight ,

but al s o sim ult an eo u sly to v ary t h e e l e v ati on E xc eptin g f or

.

lon g dist an
-
c e sh ooting th en a very sh arp loose c an
, , not b e
re com m en ded ; n e ve rth e l es s i n c a s e h e m ay b e at an ti m
'

, y e

en gaged th erein th e arch er perfe ct at all point s should h ave

,

it un der h i s comm an d .

Th e diff e ren t loos e s m ay n o w b e divi d e d in to th e s las hi n g

loo se whi ch may de generat e in
,
t o th e sn atch or may b e i m

prove d in t o t h e st e ady c on ti nuou s loo se Th e chie f c on

. tra st
to this i s th e dea d loose which i nst ron , g h an d s i s very u se
ful Thi s consi st s o f th e s imple Op en
. in g o f th e fi n gers for t h e
e s c ape of th e s t rin g and i s liable to d e ge nerate in
, t o th e
creep i n g l o os e w hich
,
n ee d n o t b e fu rth er re fer re d to e xc e pt
for th e purpo s e of againurgin g i t s avoid an c e An oth e r l oose
.
,

which may b e c alle d ana c ti ve l oos e i s an appreciabl e i m ,

proveme nt upon th e dead loos e i nth at th e fin gers at th e

l o o sin g in s t an t are withdrawnfrom th e string though with out ,

an y fu rth e r d r a w a n d w,ill b e fo u n d aft er t h e

, e s c a p e o f t h e

st rin g t o h ave re s um e d their pre viou s po s it i on i e curle d

,
— . .

u p in s te ad of b ein g sprawle d ou t st raight as i s th e c a se i n

th e d ea d l o o s e Th e on
. ly rem ain in g lo os e m ay b e c alle d th e
li v ely lo os e an d c on
,
s i s t s of a s h ort an d qui ck a ddition a l d raw ,

a ft er t h e ai m h a s b e en t ak e n o f s ay fr om h alf anin
“

, ch t o
three i n c he s an d fin
,
ishe d with an a c ti v e loo s e an d c are ,

m ust b e t ak en t o preven t th e d e generation of this in to a

sn atch .

B e fore th e fin a l t re at m en t of th e loo se b e ent ere d up on i t

‘

,
1 26 A R CH E R Y

wi ll b e u se ful to con sid er h ow th e diff eren t sort s of s hooting

gl oves and fi n g e r -
tip s a fl e c t thi s i n t r ic a t e op e ra tio n . D o ubt
l e s s i nth e tim e s whenth e E n gli sh arch er w a s i n s uch hi gh
re put e i nb a ttl e th e o n
, ly l oo se s uit able to th e old glove was
th e s la s h a s th e o n
,
ly m etho d of quittin g th e s t ring which , ,

with th e s t ron ges t b ow ea ch individual c o uld u s e m u st for , ,

th e l on ge s t pull ons uch how h ave beengrippe d a s clo s e as

,

po s s ible to th e in s id e of t h e kn uckle s of th e la st j oint s of th e

two or thre e fi n gers u se d No other loos e co uld b e employ e d
.

with an y ch a n c e of o bt a i n i ng full res ult s fro m th e work don e ,

an d it i s e vid en t from th e Act s o f P arli amen t on th e s ubj ect

th at i nth e archer s drill n ’
on e but lo n g dis t anc e shootin
-
g was
count enanc e d Th e c omp aratively m od ernfi n
.
g e-
r tip s o r t hi m
b le s con ne cte d by s trap s at th e ba ck of th e hand and buck led
onro un d th e wri s t m us t ha ve be enu s e d with th e s ame slash
in g s o rt o f l o o se . But , w i th t h e old t ab m ad e of hors e butt -

l eath er and all th e diff eren

,
t n e atly fi tti n
-
g tip s with c a tch es

t h at h ave b een in v en t e d long s in c e th e c omm en c em en t of

t h e public m e e tin g s at which Y ork Roun d s are sh ot a m uch ,

s t eadier an d quiet er loo se m ay b e obt ain e d with o ut wastin g

an of t h e work don e ; but it mu s t b e ad m itt e d w ith th e
y , ,

general re s ult tha t there i s s om e slight de crease i nth e average

s tre n th o f t h e bow s th a t a re u se d n o w M o e v it h
g . r o e r , as

b eenfo un d th at i nth e cl os ely cont est e d m atche s of th e pre sen

-
t
time s th e sl ashin g sort o f loo s e s t ands at a positive di sadvan
t age at th e short er ran ge s.

With th e glove and tab and tips without c atches th e best

l oos e m ay b e obt ain e d with th e fi n gers ext ende d a s far as
i s com p atible with th e ret en tiono f th e s trin g ; and by apply
,

in g th e fi n g e rs alm o s t di a gon a lly t o t h e s t r i n g

, a v e ry fi r m g rip
i s se cure d c ombin e d with m uch fa cility of lib e rati on(fi
g .46 ,

p . With t h e help of c atche s onth e tip s th e s tring c anb e

t aught to res t at an y i n t e rm e dia t e poin t o n t h e l a s t j o in t or

third ph al anx o eith er o t e fi ngers i t will b e fo und m ore

f f h —

c on venien t here to u se th e word p hala n x f or e ach p art of th e

1 2 8. A R CH E R Y

Th e b ack of th e h an
incline slightly away from th e
d will
‘

lin e t hr ough th e fo re arm ,s o th at t h e li n e from th e e lb ow

thro ugh th e wris t m ay b e q uit e s traight with th e s ame lin e

c ontin ue d th rough th e wris t to th e pos ition o f th e st ring on .

th e fi n gers at A Th e po sitions o f t h e ph alan

.
.
‘

ge s o f th e fi rst ,

an d third fi n gers will vary from th os e o f th e sec ond fi n ger a s ,

s h owni nfig 44 . .

This po s ition of th e st ring acro ss th e fi ngers sh o uld b e

neith er to o ne ar to nor too f ar from th e tip s as too great a ,

grip ne c e s sit at e s a drag or a j erk t o fre e th e fingers be s ide s ,

FI G . 46 .

e xpos ing m ore s urfac e t o th e frictionof th e st ring i npass ing

o ve r it ; whil s t an in s uffi ci e nt h old o f th e st ring weak ens th e ‘

s hoot e r s c omm an
’
d over it an d re n
, ders th e giving way of th e
fin ge r a c onst ant occurren c e It i s th ere fore re c omm ende d
.

that th e s tring b e pla c e d a s nearly a s pos s ible m idway b e t ween

th e tip s an d fi rs t j oi nt s o f th e fi n ge rs
’

Now a goo d l o o s e m ay b e d e s crib e d a s p o s s e s s in g th e

charact eri stic th at th e fi n gers do n o t go forward on e h ai r s
’

bre a dth with th e st rin g but th eir a ctioni s a s it were a c on

, , ,

ti n u an c e of t h e d ra w ra th er th a nan in dep e ndent m ovem en t ,

y e t a c c o m p a ni e d w ith ju s t e no ugh a dditi o na l m u s cul a r a cti o n

i na dire cti onaway from th e b ow an d s i m ult ane o u s e xp an si on
 OF H OL D I N G A N D L O OS I N G 1 29

of th e las t j oint s of the fi n g e rs a t th e fi n a l i n s t a n t of quitti n g

th e st rin g a s to admit of i t s inst anta neou s free dom from all
.

an d e ach o f th em at th e s am e id en tic al m om ent of tim e ; f or

s h ould on e fin ger linger on th e s t ring but th e minut e st
m om en t longer th ani ts fe llows or sho uld all or an , y o f t h e m
f ollow forward with th e s t rin g i nth e s lighte st degree th e lo os e ,

will b e fa ulty a n d th e sh o t a p rob abl e failu re So slight .

,

howe v er i s this mu s cul ar move men

, t th at though a di stin ,
ct
an d appre c i abl e fa ct to th e m in d o f th e shoot er it i s h ardly if ,

at all p erc e ptible t o th e l ook e rs ou as i na go o d l oo s e th e -

,

fin gers s ho uld in s t an tly re cover th eir holdin g pOS1ti on but ,

will b e a t a s light though appre ci abl e di s t an c e further from th e

b ow con s e q uen t uponth e com bine d eff e ct of th e rem oval o f th e
n n n
'

p u lli g w e i g h t o f th e b o w a d t h e l o o s i g e ff o r t A p a s s a.g e

out o f Mr T o wn . sen d s articl e H OW should th e String b e

’

L oo se d i nth e Archer s Regist er f or 1 8 66

,
’
‘ ’
m ay h ere b e
q u ot e d . T h e s t r i n g of t h e b o w h a vi n g b ee n pull .
e d t o t h e

full e s t e xt e n t in t end e d an d th e p a u se h avin

, g been felt or
m ad e n , e xt c om es th e lo os e an d as thi s mu s t b e efi ec ted by a n
,

op en in g fo t h e fi gn er s t h e ,
t e n d e n cy o f t h e s t r i n g w o uld b e t o

ru nforward if eve r s o littl e dur

, ing th e op ening an
, d as th e ,

whol e s prin g ! c a st! of th e b ow i s not givent o th e string

'

! an d a rro w
! u n t i l it i s a lt o ge the r fre e d from th e fi n g e r s s o , ,

to pre ve n t ! th e! l os s of p ower th e pu lling h an , d and arm

are d rawns o m uch furth e r b a c k a s t h e Op e n , in g of th e fi ngers
w ould all o w th e st rin g t o ru nforward b e fore it i s alt o gether
rel ea s e d T h u s th e st ring i nre ality remain
. s s t ati on a ry or

nearly s o ! quit e so! during th e l oo se ; and th e fi ngers are

free d without going on e h ai r s brea dth forwa rd with t h e s t rin
’
g .
’

As an a s s is t an c e t o wards thi s i ns t ant an eo u s re c o ve ry o f

th e l oo s in g fi ngers some arch ers wore silver rin

, g s ro und th e
fi rs t ph al an ge s of th eir thre e fi ngers an d th es e rin ,
gs were
c on nec te d by indi a rubb er strap s with th e fin
-
g e r tip s thu s -
,

c om p elli n g th e fi r s t a n d thi rd ph a lan g e s t o a pp r o xi m a t e a s ,

d e scrib e d i nth e M as ontip s .

1 30 A R CH E R Y

Mr T own
. s en d s india rubb er practi sin
’
-
g app aratu s h as n ot

b eense enf or m any y ears tho ugh of great assistan

, c e i nex
p e ri m e nt s a nd i n c o rre cting fa ult s a nd g e ne ra l i m pr o v e m e nt
of drawing and loosing .

S om e arch ers u s e on ly th e fi rst an d s e c on d fin gers and th e ,

l o o se thu s obt ain e d po s s e sses th e a dv an t a ge th at th e string

w h enquittin g th e fi ngers h a s le ss s urfa c e i nc ont act with it .

Mr F ord s ownl a t est loo s e was from th e fi rst an

'
d thi rd
’
.

fin gers with th e sec on

, d fin ger p acke d upon th e b ack o f t h e
fi rst fi n ger f or i t s s upp ort an d h e h a s b eenh e ard to d ecl are
th at this arran g em en t of th e fi n gers give s th e b est loose
p ossibl e , l dy d es c rib e d
a s a re a .

On e of th e c om m on e s t fault s a t th e p re s e nt day i s th e
h abit of m akin g th e third fi nger do more th ani t s fair s h are
o f w ork . E vid enc e of this failing m ay b e fou nd i n th e f act
that bli st ers are f ar m ore c omm ononth e third fi nger th anon
e ith e r o f t h e oth ers an d a f re qu en
, t res ult i s th at th e m u s cle s
o f th e third fi n ger get st rain e d an d e venp artially t orn from
th eir att ach m en t s This i s one o f th e m ost frequent c au ses
.

o f th e b re akd owno f arch ers wh o pra cti s e much Thi s m ay b e

.

avoid e d an d th e l oo s e m uch im prov e d by tu rn in g th e b acks of

th e fi n gers whil e drawi n g slightly up ward s an d in ,ward s a n d ,

thu s exerting m ore p res s ure with th e forefi nger Ane xample .

of wh at i s m eant m ay b e se en i nth e picture (opp p 1 22 ) of . .

M aj or Fi she r who s e l oos e i s rem arkably go od

, H ere it will
.

b e s e enth at th e lin e o f th e k n uckle s i s not p erp en dicul ar b u t ,

sl op e s out ward s a n d down ward s from th e kn uckle of th e fore

fin ger to th at of th e fourth .

Th e utility of c atch e s onth e fi n ge r tip s h a s

-
a l re a dy b e en
e xpl ai n e d i na previ ou s ch apt er but m ay b e furth e r m en
,
tion ed

i nc on nectionwith th e loose as cont ributing by aninvariable

hold onth e st rin g to a c onst ant repetitionof ex actly th e sam e
loos e.

E s p e ci al c are mu s t b e t ak enth at whil st loo s in

,
g t h e le ft,

a rm mu st m ai n t ai ni t s po s itionfi rmly an d un wav erin gly and ,

.
1 32 A R CH E R Y

CHA PT E R XI .

OF D I S TA N CE S H O O TI N G , A N D DI F F E R EN T R OUND S .

TH E a tt entionm ay now turne d to th e res ult s obt ain

be e d by

th e u s e of th e b ow an d a rrow .

Th e b e st n otiono f th e old practic e of arch ery m ay b e

gain e d from a re vi e w o f th e an cien t butt s or sh ooting fi elds -

o f o ur an c e st ors . Th e se shoo tin g groun d s were e vid ently

-

a tt a ch e d t o e v ery t own(if n ot al s o village ) i nth e kin gd om a s ,

m ay b e g ath ere d from th e un ivers al s urvival of th e l ocal n am e

of Butt s Th ere i s ext ant A pl anof all th e m arks b el on

. ging to
th e H on o urabl e Artil le ry C om p an y i nth e fi eld s ne ar Fin s bury ,

with th e t ru e di st an c e as they stood An no 1 7 37 f or th e u se

, ,

o f l on g bows c ross b ows h an

-
,
-
, d gu n s an d artillery ,
Th es e .
’

m ark s all h ave diff eren t appe llati on s an d th ere i s but on

, e

s in gle ins t an c e of a re pe titionof th e sam e dist ance b etween

on e o f th e s e m ark s an d th e o th er .

Th e groun d onwhich th e s e m arks were situ at e d appe ars to

e xt e nd from a m ark c alle d Ca s tle to I s li n ‘
g ton C om mo n a nd ,

th e re were two set s of a ctu al butt s at th e I slingt onend Th e .

dis t anc e b et weenth e one p air o f th ese butt s i s given as si x

s c ore an d tenyard s i e 1 30 yard s
— . . Th e dis t an
. c e b et ween
th e o th er p air i s n ot give ni nth e pl an but it app ears to b e ,

les s th anh a lf of th e oth er and i s prob ably ab o ut s ix ty yard s

, .

Th e wh ol e l en gth of th e se shootin g fi elds appears to b e about

-

on e m il e onth e pl an ; a n d thi s i s about th e a ctu a l di s t anc e

b e t we en th e Artill ery G ro un d an d th e An gel I slington ,

’
.

b now th e
Possi ly Cas tle p u b li c h ou se , 9 F i n
s bu ry Pa vement .
 OF D I S TA N CE S H OO TI N G 1 33»

Th e lon ge st di st anc e b etw eenan

y o f t h e t wo m ark s i s thirt e en
s c o e an d fi v e ya d s i e 2 6 5 ya d s b et wee nTurk s Wh ale
— — ’
r r r
. .

an d Ab s oly . H ere follo w th e n am e s o f th e m ark s ; an d th e se

m ay pos sibly b e still trac e d i n th e n e ighb o urh o o d i n s om e

in s t an c e s Th e dist ance s are al so given

. .

Th e s t art i s m ad e from C astle

’
.

S c ore y ards Yards

Ca s tle t o G ard st on e
G ard st on e t o Arn old
Arn o ld t o Turk s W h a le
’

Turk s W h ale t o L am b e th
’

L am b e th t o W e stm i n s t er H all

W e st m i n st er H all t o W hi t e H all

W h i t e H all t o Pi t fi eld
1
Pi t fi e ld t o N ev il s H ou s e or
’

B ran ch

Tot al y ards

At N evil s H ou se there appears to

’
be a break i nth e
m arks , but th ey are t ak enup againat th e L e vant .
’

S c ore ya rds Yards

F rom t h e L e v an t t o W e lc h H all
W e lc h H all t o B u t t
B u t t (1 ) t o B u tt (2 ) onI sli n g t o n Co mm o n
An d, o ngoi n g b a c k t o W el c h H all, f r o m W e lc h H all
to E gg Py e

To t a l y ards

Here there i s an oth e r break .

To con tinue t h e rou n d o f th e m ark s o nth e re t urnj o u rney

without going over th e s am e di st anc e t wic e returnt o Pi tfi eld ,
.

Th e R os em ary B ranch p u b li c h ou s e , 2 S h e p p ert onR oa d, I sli nt o g n N

,

i s p erh ap s t oo f ar off th e li ne t o b e i de nti c al . Th e sa me m ay b e s a i d of Pi t fi eld

S tre et , H ox t on .
 A R CH E R Y

F rom Pi tfi eld t o B ob Pe ek
B o b Peek t o Old Ab s oly
Old A b s oly t o Pi t fi eld
Pi tfi e ld t o E dw Gold
.

E dw G old t o J eh u
.

J eh u to Old A b s oly
Old A b soly t o S carle t
Sc arle t t o E dw G old
.

E dw G o ld t o Wh i t e H all
.

Wh i te H all t o Sc arlet
S c arle t t o J oh n
J eh u t o B lack w ell H all
'

B la c k w ell H all t o S c arle t

Sc arle t t o S t ar or D i al
S tar or D i al t o W lii t e H all
'

Tot al y ards

Returning t o St ar or D i al

S co re yards Yards

F rom S t ar or D i al t o W estm i n s t e r H all

W e s tm i n s t er H all t o D i al o r M o n um e nt
D i al or M on u m en t t o S t ar or D i al
S t ar or D i al t o B la c k w e ll H a ll
B la c k w e ll H a ll t o Old Sp e eri n g
Old S p e e ri n .
g t o S tar o
. r D i a l

Total y ards

Returning to Blackwell H all

Sc ore y ards Yard s

F rom B la c k w e ll H all t o D i al o r M on u m ent

D i al or M o n um en t t o L am b e th
3, L am b et h t o Old Sp e eri n g

Tot al y ards
 1 36 A R CH E R Y

yard s an d th e n arrowe s t p art e xt e n d s from N evil s Ho u se to ’

I slingt on Comm on i nwhich n arrow p art are b oth th e s et s

,

of butt s .

Th ere appear to b e s om e eight or tenfi eld s in clud ed i n

th e pl an w ith h e dge s in
, dic at e d but there i s no appearan
,
c e of
eith er a roa d or a p ath way c ro ss in g th em .

These m ark s givin g a great v ariety of dis t an

, c e s from th e ,

short e s t o f 7 3 y ard s b etwe e nT urk s Wh a l e an d L am b e th to

’

th e lon gest of 2 65 already particulari se d s eem a dm i rably ,

c alc ulat e d for th e t rain in g of th e old E n gli sh archer and th e

t eaching h i m re adily to c alcula t e th e v ario u s dist an c e s at any
tim e betweenhi m self an d h i s en emy ; an d it i s worthy of
ob serv ati onth at all th ese di s t an c es are well withinth e b e lie f
—
of m o d ernarch ers as s uch di s t an c e s as be aring i nm in
n
'

— d tha t
the e s n
r i o e vid e c e of gen e ral d e t e rio ration ou r an
— c estors
could easily compas s see ing th at th ere are well auth en
, tic at e d -

in s t an c e sof lengt h s som ewh at b eyon d 30 0 yard s h avin g b e en

att a in e d i n m od ern tim e s without an y l e ngth e n e d s p e ci al
t rain in g .

Inth ese fie ld s n o doubt was see n th e c lo u t s hoo ti n g w hich ,

i s s till kept up by th e Wood m eno f Ard en at Merid eni nWar ,

wi c k sh i re an d by th e archers o f th e Scotti s h B odygu ard at

,

E dinburgh .

This style of shooting i s so c all ed from th e ai m h avin g

beent akenat an y whit e m a r k (cl o th pl a c e d ,a t a fi x ed

di st an c e ; but th e clout i nu se n ow i s a whit e t arge t with a

black c en t re s et slan t wi se onth e gro un

, d Th e dis t an .c e s vary
from 1 8 0 to 2 40 yard s an d thi s l att er dis t an
, c e m ay b e
t akenas about th e ext rem e range of thi s style of sh ootin g in
old en tim es as Sh ake s p eare m e n tion s (2 H e n ry IV i ii 2) . .

th at old Double who d rew a good b ow an d shot a fin

’ ’
, , e

sh oo t wo u ld h a ve cl app ed i th e clout a t t we lve s c ore an d

’ ’

, ,

c arrie d you a foreh an d s h aft a fourt eenan d fo urt ee nan d a h alf ,

th at it wo uld h ave don e a m ans h eart good t o se e

’
As th e .
’

clo ut i s b ut rarely hit th e arrow n e are st t o it at e ach e n

,
d if , ,
 OF D I S TA N CE S H O O TI N G 1 37

withinth re e bows l en gth s (ab out e ight een fe et) o f it co un

’
ts ,

as i nb o wl s an d quoit s .

When th e Gran d N ation al Arch ery Me e tin g was h eld at

E din burgh i n 1 8 50 som e of this shooting was in
,
troduc e d ,

with th e res ult th at ou t of , sh ot s at 1 8 0 yard s th e re ,

were 1 0 hit s an d o u t of 8 8 8 s hot s at 2 0 0 yard s th ere w ere

,

5 hit s .

At th e m e e tin g s at Meridens tan d s a m arker right i nfront

of this clo ut wh os e duty it i s to sign
, al b ack t o e ach arch e r ,

whenh e h as shot wh ether h i s arrow fall sh ort or go too f ar

, , ,

or wid e a n ,d to av oid b ein

— g hit him self .

Th e ordin ary t arge t arro ws m ay b e u se d i nthi s p ra ctic e

up to th e dist anc e o f 20 0 yard s but b eyond thi s dist an , c e m uch

s t ron ger b ows or flight arrow s m us t b e employe d .

Inth e s e fi eld s t oo would b e kept up th e pra ctic e of rovi n

, , g ,

or t akin g as th e obj e ct to b e aw e d at nOt th ese or an

, , y
knownm ark but som e stray or a ccid e n
,
t al m ark Thi s prac .

tic e mu s t h ave b eenvaluable i n olden tim e s i n t estin g th e

kn owle dge of di st an ces acquired at th e di fl e re n t fi xe d m ark s
'

m
,

an d it wo uld still b e in t ere stin g a s ana u s em en t but it i s ,

not now s o e asy to find ground s s u fl i c i en tly op enf or th e purpo s e

‘
.

Wh ere th ere i s s u fl i c i en t spac e f or golf lin ks rovin g m ight ,

s till b e p ra cti s e d an d al ready th e g olfer s b all an d th e arch er s

’ ’
,

a rrow h a v e b eenm a tch e d tog e the r b e t we enh ol e an d h ole .

Of fl i gh t s h ooti n-
g o r s hooti n g with
, flgi h t o r light ar r o w s it ,

m ay b e s aid th at s uch practic e was prob ably i nvogu e i n old

tim es for th e purpo se of an noying th e en e m y whil s t at a di s

t an ce or i ns uch a ru se as i s d e s cribe d by Hall i nh i s acc o unt of

,

th e b attle o f T owt oni n1 46 1 wh en Th e L ord F awc on , b ri dge ,

whi ch le d th e forward o f Kin g E dward es b att ail b e in ge a m anof,

great Polyc e an d o f much exp erien

, c e i nM arc i all f eates c au sed ,

e v ery a rch e r un d er h i s s t an dard to sh oot one flight (which

b ef ore h e c au sed th em t o provy de) an d th e n m ad e th em to
,

s t an d s till Th e N orth ern m en f elyn

.
g t h e
, s hoot but by ,

re as on of th e sn ow n ot we l v ewyn g t h e d i s t a u n c e b e t w e n e th e m
1 38 A R CH E R Y -

and their enemie s like h ardy m enshot the ir

, s c h e f e arro wes a s

fas t as they m ight but al th eir s h ot was lo s t and th eir labor

,

vayu for th e i c am e not n

, e re th e S o uth ernm e nby xl t ail ors .
’

d
’

y e r e s .

Flight shooting h as al so be enus ed i ne xpe rimen

-
ts to det er
m in e th e e xt rem e c a st s o f diff e ren t weight s an d kin d s o f b o ws ,

an d th e gre at e s t ran ge a tt ainable by th e p ower and skill o f

individual arch ers As a re s ult o f s uch e xpe rim en
. t s it may ,

b e s t at e d th at very f e w arch e rs c an c over m ore or e v en as ,

much as 30 0 yard s To att ainthi s ran

, . ge a b ow of at least
,

sixty t wo or s ixty th re e p o u n
- -
d s m ust n ot on ly b e u se d but
thoroughly m as t ere d n ot m erely a s re gard s th e d rawin
,
g but ,

i nre spe ct o f qui ckn e s s an d sh arpn e s s o f loo se a l s o .

Th e on ly rem ain ing style of shooting i nvogue i nold tim e s

that at th e butt s or m ound s of e arth wa s k n — owna s p ri c k

s hoo ti n
g a s m a ll m
, a r k b e ing fi x e d up o n t h e butt a n d s hot a t
from vario u s dis t anc es Thi s s tyle of sh ooting wa s probably
.

popular eventh en as m any of th e Act s of P arliam en

,
t are
leve lled against it onacc ount o f i t s int erfering with th e m ore
,

robu s t p ractic e o f th e l on g dis t an ce s ne c e ssary f or th e purp ose

o f wa r Thi s pric k s hooting ne xt be c am e knownas th e p ap er
.
-

a me wh en c ardb o ard n d p a p e s t re tch e d o n c an v a s w ere

g , a r , ,

plac e d onth e butt s It i s n ot ve ry cl ear wh ens uch t arge t s as

.

are n ow i n u s e c am e in t o fashion with th e ir ga udy h eraldic

,

face s Th e di st an
. c e s em ploye d for thi s butt sh ooting appear -

t o h a ve b e en diff eren tly c alculat e d from th e length s i n th e

l on ger di st anc e sh ooting anob so le t e m ea s ure of 7 5 yards
-
, ,

kn ownas a na rc h er s rood h a vin

’
g b een em ploye d ; an
,
d th e
butt sh ootin
-
g i nvogu e at th e re vival of arch ery i n1 7 8 1 was
at th e di s t an ce s o f 4 8 1 2 and 1 6 roo d s or 30 60 90
, , , , , , ,

an d 1 2 0 yard s ; an d th e m o d ern di st an ce s o f 60 yard s 80 ,

yard s and 1 0 0 yard s do not s eemto h ave c om e int o u s e u ntil

,

th ey were m en tione d t oward s th e en d o f th e l ast c en tury a s

P ri n ces len g th
’
s a t t h e a n nu a l c o nt e s t s h e l d i n t h e g r o un d s

o f th e Roy al T o x ophilit e S o ci ety f or th e p o s s essi on of th e ,

 CHAPT E R XI I .

AR CH E R Y S OCI E TI E S , ‘
R E C OR D S ,
’
E TC .

PR I N OE AR TH U R , th e lder broth er of King Henry VIII en

e joys .
,

th e re put ati on o f h avin g b een an expert archer and it i s ,

b elieve d th at i nh i s honour a good s h ot was n am e d a ft e r him

but as h e was b orni n1 48 6 and die d i n1 50 2 h i s s kill i nth e ,

craft c an not have h ad time to arrive at m aturity though even ,

i n m od ern tim e s a s t riplin g h as occ a sion ally s n at ch e d th e

pal m of s ucc e s s from th e more m ature e xp ert s .

Th at King Hen ry VIII t ook a d e e p in

. t erest i n archery
as n ec e s s ary f or th e s afe ty an d gl ory of h i s kin gdom i s q ui te
c ert ain and th e v ariou s A ct s of P arliament pas s ed i nth e
,

c ourse of h i s reign(3 Henry VIII ch 3 4 1 3 6 Henry VIII . .

, ,
.

ch 2 1 1 1 3 1 4
.
, , 1 5 H en ry VIII ch 7 2 5 Hen ry VIII. . .

ch 1 7 ; and 33 Hen
. ry VIII 6 9 ) s u ffi cien
. tly prove h i s
de t erm in ati onto s timulat e th e m o re fre qu en t u se of th e long
b ow . But apart from h i s public enc oura ge ment of arch ery
, ,

h e t ook p e rson al in t eres t i n it him self and b ein g a fam ous , ,

athlet e h e wa s n
, o d oubt as s ucc e s s ful w ith h i s b ow a s h i s

natural im patience would allow Th e following extract s from

.

th e acc oun t s o f h i s privy pu rs e f or th e y ear 1 5 31 whenh e ,

was forty on e y ears o f a ge

-
m ay b e t a k e n a s t h e n
,
e are st

a pp ro a ch to h i s a ctu a l s c ore s th a t c anb e re a ch e d Th e lat e .

L ord Dudley s s c ore at 60 y ard s wh en shootin

’

,
g with on e

o f t h e b e s t s hot s at th a t di st an c e at one guinea p er arrow

, ,

m u st h ave sho wnane qu ally un favourabl e b al anc e

2 0 M arch — Pai e d to G eorge C ot onf or vij s h ott e s lo s t e b y
.
 A R CH E R Y S O CI E TI E S , ‘
R E C OR D S ,
’
E TC . 1 41

th e Ki nge s Grac e unto him at Toteh i ll at j

v s . v ii j d t h e. s hott e
x lv sj . vi i j d .

2 9 M arc h — Pa i e d to G eo rge Giff ord f or so moch e mon ey

h e wanne of th e Ki nges G rac e unt o h i m at Toteh i ll at sh oti ng

x ij s . v j d .

1 3 M ay — Pai ed to G eorge Cot onf or th at h e wanne of th e

R inge s Grac e at th e R o u n
last e day of April i ij l
des th e .

3 J un e Pa i e d to G e org e C ot onf or s o m och e m on

. ey by
h i m won ne o f th e Ki nge s G rac e at be tt es i nsh oti ng vij l i i s . .
’

An d againo nth e l a s t day of J un e th e re we re p a i e d to t h e

iii Cot ons for thre e se tte s whi ch t h e Kin g h ad lo st to them

i nG re en wich P ark x x l an d vj s v i ij d m ore to on
. e of them
. .

f or on e up s h ott e
’
.

Thi s G e o rg e Cot on(Cott on ) i s p ro b a bly t h e sa m e p ers o n

wh o w a s go v ern o r t o th e Duk e o f Rich m on d th e Kin gs ’

natural son .

On J an u ary 31 1 5 31 p ai e d to B yrde Y oem an of th e

, ,
‘

Ki n ge s b o w e s f o r m a k i n g t h e R ou n d e s at Tote h i ll by th e

Ki n ge s c o mm a n dm e nt x i j s vi ij d . .
’

Th e m u s t ers or w h at w e s h ould n ,
o w c all re vie ws w ere a t ,

t his tim e h e ld i nth e T o thill Fi e ld s .

Si r W Cav en . dish th e hi st orianof Cardin , al Wol s ey thu s ,

s p e ak s of h i s in t erview with th e Ki ng i n1 5 30 wh enh e was ,

th e b e arer of th e n ew s o f th e d eath of W ol s ey t o th e Kin g l

t h ens t ayi n g at H amptonCo urt (Se e Cavendish s Wolsey .

’

1 8 27 p ,
.

U pon th e m orrow (o f St Nich ola s E ve 1 530 ) I was .

,

s en t f or by th e K i ng to c o me to h i s grac e ; and b e in g in
M ast er Kin g s t ons ch am ber i nth e Court (HamptonCourt )
’

h ad kn o wl e dg e th e re o f an d rep a irin g to th e King fo und h i m

, ,

s h ootin g at th e round s i nth e p ark onth e b ack side o f t h e ,

g a r d e n .

An d pe rc e ivin g h i m occupie d i nsh ootin g thought it not ,

m y duty to t rouble h i m : but l e an e d t o a t re e in t ending to ,

W ols e y di e d Nov e m be r 30 , 1 530

1 42 A R CH E R Y

t n
s a d there an d to att en
, d h i s graciou s pleas ure B e in g i na .

great study at l ast th e King c am e s udd en

, ly b ehin d m e where ,

I stood and cl appe d h i s h and upo nmy s h ould er ; an

, d wh e n ,

I pe rc eive d h i m I fe ll upon my kn , ee To wh om h e s aid .

,

c allin g me by n am e
”
I will quoth h e make anen
, d of my
, ,

gam e and th enwill I t a lk with you and s o h e dep art ed to

,
”
,

h i s mark whe re at th e gam e wa s en

, de d .

Thenth e Ki n g deliv ere d h i s bow unto th e yeom anof

h i s bo ws an d wen
, t h i s way in ward to th e p alac e wh om I ,

’
fol lowe d .

Si r Tho s E lyot th e fi rs t e ditionOf who s e book th e

.
, ,

Govern wa s prin t ed i n1 5 31 d e vot e d chapt er x x v n to

’
ou r , , .

th e p rai s e of th e lon g bow and was th e earlies t writer ont h e ,

s ubj ect of arch ery un le ss th e unkn ownauthor of th e Book

,

Kin g Mo dus which i s s aid by Han

’
of , sard B ook of
Arc hery 1 8 40 p 2 1 0 ) to b e pre s erv e d i nth e royal li brary at
’
.
, ,

P ari s wrot e ab out two c en

,
’
turie s an d a h alf b e fo re th e Toxo
by R oger As ch am wa s p rin t e d i n1 5 45
’

p h i lu s , , .

N either E lyot n or As ch am m ak e s an y m e n tio n of th e

s oci etie s of arch e rs k n ownas th e F rat ern ities of St George .

an d o f Prin c e Arthur but s omethin g of th e kin , d i s plain ly

in dicat ed by Rich ard M ulc aster i nh i s book th e Po s itions , ,
’

publishe d i n1 58 1 where h e quain tly s ays This exerci se

, ,

( ar ch e ry ) I d o lik e b e s t g e n e rally of an y ro u n d e s ti rrin g w ith

o u t th e d ores uponth e c au s e s b efore alleaged : which if I
, ,

did n ot th at worthy m anou r la t e l earn e d c ou n tri m anMai s te r

Askam wo ul d b e halfe an
,
gri e with m e though h e were of
m ild e dis po s ition wh o both f or th e t rayn , ing of th e Ar ch er to
h i s bowe an d th e sch oll e r to h i s booke h a th showe d h i m se lf e ,

a c un ning archer and a s kilful m ai ster .

I nth e m idd e s t of s o m an y earn e st m a tte rs I ma

y b e

a llo we d to in t erm in gle on e which h ath a re li c e of m i rth e : f or

i np raysi n of A rch eri e a s a p rin cip al! e x e rci s e to th e

g p re

s e rn in g of h ealth how c an I but p ray se th em who profe ss

it tho roughly and m ain t ainit n obly th e fri e n dly an d fran ke,
 1 44 A R CH E R Y

int roductionof ch ery s ocietie s an

ar d club s Th e meetin
. gs f or
th e e x hi b i ti ono f skill wo uld b e th e re gul ar m u s t e rs
'

H ow diff eren t th e p os itiono f archery would h ave b eenif ,

inst e ad of cl am ouring f or an d ge tti n g p a sse d irk som e Act s

of P arli am e n t c om p elling all to sh oot arch ers b owm ak ers
, , , ,

fl e tc h e rs an d oth ers h a d st art e d a N ation al L on g B ow As s ocia

-

tionwith St at e s an ctionan d en c ou ragement f or th e prom otion

o f thi s e x e rci s e an d th e rew ard o f th e m os t s ucc e s s ful s h ot s
A s i ne arly tim es th e re we re gre at m u s t e rs or re vie ws o f
c om p an ie s o f arch ers o f wh om th e s ol e actual su rvivor i s th e
,

Royal B o dy Gu ard of Sc otl and (th e Arch ers Com p an

-
y o f th e
Honourable Artill ery Com pan y it s elf ori gi nally a bo dy o f
,

arch e rs , w a s rev i v e d l at e i n th e l ast c e n t u ry and i s now

,

re p re s e n t ed by th e R oyal T oxophilit e S o ciety) for m i li t ary di s

pl ay ; and loc al fes t i vitie s and wardm ot es as s till m ain
, , t aine d
by th e Wo o dm eno f A rden(re vive d i n1 7 8 5) and th e Sc ort on
Arro w M e et i n g s (dating b ack to f or th e gl ori fi c ationo f
t h e b e s t l o c a l s h o t s ; an d th e d ai ly u s e o f th e l on g b ow f or -

e x e rci s e an d s p ort i e killin

, . g of gam e s o now th ere are th e
.

m e etin g s o f th e G rand N ationa l Arch ery S ociety est abli sh e d ,

f or th e p e a c eabl e purp o s e o f an nually rewarding th e cham pion

an d ch am p i on e ss an d oth e r illu s t rio u s arch ers a s h e rea ft e r
,

s e t o u t i n th e full a cc o un t of th es e m e et i ng s and al so th e ,

l oc al public m e etings of s im ilar ch aract er al s o gi ve n and i n

a dd i tio n t o th e se th e re are t h e m e e t i n g s o f th e num erou s
arch e ry s oci e t i e s a n d club s i n d i ff eren t lo c al i t i e s and th e ,

c onst ant privat e pract i c e e ith er at h om e or onclub ground s

’

N othing i s now t o b e gain e d by in s i s tin g up on th e m a rk e d

in feriority of th e in co mparable arch ers wh o fl ou ri s he d t ow ard s
‘

th e clo s e o f th e e i ght e e n th and i nth e fi rs t h alf o f th e p re s ent

cen turie s as c om p are d with th e m an
,
y s t rong and accurat e
s ho t s wh o h a ve di spl ay e d th e ir s kill s in c e th e e st ablis hm ent
'

o f th e G ran d N ational Archery Me etings Mr H A F ord . . . .

s e e m s to h a ve b ee n un able t o fi n d an y r e c o rd s o f s h oo tin g a t
1 0 0 y ard s wh ere m ore tha non e h alf o f t h e s h ot s we re hit s
-
,
 A R CH E R Y S OCI E TI E S , { R E C OR D S } E TC . 1 45

t ho ugh h e saI h ave seena lett er as l at e as 1 8 45

y s (p . .

from good old Mr Rob ert s (th e author o f th e E n . glis h

B owm an , who was we ll acquain
’
te d with th e powers of
all th e b e s t arch ers of th e p re c e ding h alf c entury i nwhich h e -
,

s t at e s he n e ve r k ne w but on e m anth at could accom pli sh

it.
”
This on e m anwa s p rob ably Mr Augu s tu s L Marsh . .
,

R oya l T oxophi lite S ociety wh o owne d and was able to u se th e , , ,

m agn ifi c e nt self y ew b ow of 8 5 lb s n
-
ow i nth e p o ss es s io nof .

Mr Buch an
. an of 2 1 5 Picc a dilly, as m ay b e s ee nfrom th e ,

following re c ord s of h i s b es t sc ore s i n1 8 37

ft t arge t s , 1 00 sh ot s
. at 1 00 y ards

The se would b e c on sid e re d e venre s pe ct able p e rform an ce s

now whenhit s i nth e p etti coa t c ou nt and all b i ts b etweenth e ,

c o lou rs c o un t i nthat of higher value al so wh enthree arrows ,

are s hot con s ecutiv ely in st e a d o f t wo s ep arat e ly at e ach en

,
d , .

Compe titive ex am in ati on s h ad n ot th enb ee nb ro ught t o th e ir

m o re rec en t p erfection and st and ard s of exc ellenc e i nathletic s

,

w ere a s yet un re c ord e d P rofe s sor J oh nWil s ons Chris

.
’

t Op h e r N orth won derful l on g jum p rem ain e d as un s urp as s

abl e a s th e D ougl as c a st un le s s it were perh ap s b eat en

,
’

, ,

or p re c e d e d by th e d ee d s of t h e won drou s athlet e wh o could

clear a full s iz e d billi ard t abl e l en
-
gt hwis e though i nh i s fi rs t
-
,
‘

att em pt t o do s o h e fa il e d thro ugh kn ocking th e back of h i s

h ead again st th e f ar s id e o f t h e t abl e .

Mr F re derick Town
. s en d i n1 8 65 m ade th e be st rec ord , ,

of shootin g at 1 00 yard s at a ward m ot e of th e Woodm eno f

,

Arden wh enall th e old cu s t om s j u st re ferre d to were st ill a s

, ,

now i nvo gue h i s s core being 32 2 from 8 0 hit s out of 1 50

, ,

s hots .
. 1 46 A R CH E R Y

There i s n ow l e ft for c on s id erationth e s ubj e ct of re c o rd ,

’

or st an d ard of high e s t exc e llenc e at t h e public m e e ting s and ,

it appe ars th at Mr A P Moore s perform an . c e at D erby i n

. .
’

1 8 49 o f 7 47 wh en h owe ve r M r H A Ford b e c am e ch ampion

, , , . . .

b y th e poin t s was th e e arlie s t n

, ot abl e s co re Mr H A F ord . . . .

i m prove d uponthis i nth e n e xt y e ar at E din burgh by sc oring

8 9 9 an
, d i n1 8 5 4 at Shrewsbury h e m a d e anadvan
, c e to ,

I n1 85 7 at Ch elt en h am h e t ook th e re cord onto , s c o re

with 2 45 hit s an
.
d th ere it n, ow re m ain s .

Th e fi rs t e m in en t s c ore by a ch am pione s s was 634 m a de ,

by Mis s H Chet wynd at Ch elt en

. h am al s o i n 1 8 5 7 Mrs ,
.

H orn i b lo w t o ok th e rec ord on to 6 60 a t Worc e s t er i n 1 8 62 ,

Mi s s B eth am n e xt a dvan c e d it at th e Alexan dra P ark M eetin g ,

i n1 8 6 4 to 6 9 3, At B ath i n1 8 7 0 Mrs H orn

. i b low t ook it
, , .

furth er to 7 0 0 an d a l so still furth er t o 7 64 with 1 42 hit s

, , ,

i n 1 8 7 3 a t L cam i n g t o n a n d a t th a t p o i nt it n o w, re m a in s ,

though very cl o s e ly approach e d by Miss L egh s s core o f 7 63 ’

at Sutt onColdfi eld i n1 8 8 1 .

M is s L egh s s till b ett er s c ore of 8 40 with all th e 1 44 hit s

’

, ,

wa s m ad e at th e G ran d West ernMeetin g at B ath i n1 8 8 1

an d Mrs Pi ers F L egh o ut st ripp e d thi s re c ord by s c orin
. . g
8 64 with 1 42 hit s at th e L eam in gt onand Midland m eeting i n
1885 33 of th e hit s onthis occ as ionw e re gold s .

Th e b e st rec ord o f t arge t practic e at 1 2 0 y ard s i s to b e

foun d am ongst th e doin gs of th e Royal T oxophilit e s Mr . .

H O H Moore i n 1 8 7 2 onth e N ort onpriz e day shootin

.
’
.
.

, ,
g -
,

1 44 arrow s s c ore d 2 1 3 with 43 hit s an

, d Mr G E S F ryer ,
. . . .
,

onth e s im ila r occ a s i oni n1 8 7 3 s c ore d 2 7 3 with 67 hit s , .

I nth e sh o otin g at 1 0 0 y ard s of th e s ame society onth e ,

Cru n denday i n 1 8 5 4 s ho otin g 1 44 arrow s Mr H A Ford

, , . . .

s c ore d 362 with 8 8 hit s This s c ore remam e d un beat en

.
,

th ough s urp a s se d i nhit s by Mr G E S F ryer i n1 8 7 3 (36 1 . . . .

s c ore 9 1 hit s) un
, til it wa s fairly out st ripp e d by Mr C E
, . . .

Ne sh am wh o s c ore d 47 8 with 1 0 4 hit s i n1 8 8 3 H e al s o m a d e

, .

435 s c ore with 9 5 hit s i n1 8 8 6 .

 1 48 A R CH E R Y
‘

CHAPTE R XIII .

TH E P U B L I C A R CH E R Y M E E TI N GS A N D TH E D O U B L E
Y OR K A N D OTH E R R O U N D S ,

I N 1 7 9 1 , t enye ars vival of archery by th e est a

a f ter th e re

b li sh men t of th e Roy al Toxophilit e Socie ty a public m eetin g ,

of all th e Archery Societie s which h ad already b ecom e very

,

num erou s i nth e U nite d Kingdom was held onBlackheath , .

an d thi s m ee tin g was followe d by other similar meetin gs i n

1 7 9 2 an d 1 793 H ere end ed this serie s of N ational Archery
.

Me etin gs and i nth e early p art of th e presen

,
t c entury th e u se
of th e bow app ears to have l anguish ed .

Th e re cord s of th e Scorto nArrow M eetin gs go b ack i n ,

analm o s t un in t errupt e d succ es sionof an nual meetings to th e ,

year 1 67 3 Th ese m eetin

. gs th ough originally co n
,
fin e d to a

limit ed loc ality si x m il e s from E ri h olm e uponT e e s n ear - -

,
’

Richm ond i nYork shire were Opento all c om ers I n1 8 42

,
— .

an d 1 8 43 th e s e m ee tin gs were h eld at Thirsk i nYorkshi re , ,

an d to tho s e pre s en t thereat th e e st abli shm ent of anan nual

,

Grand N ational Arch ery M eeting i s c ert ainly o wing .

Th e fi rs t G ran d N ational Arch ery Meeting wa s h eld at

York onAugu st 1 an d 2 1 8 44 th e Sc ort on Arro w Mee tin
, , g
h avin g b een a gainh eld at Thirsk on J uly 30 i n th e same
year It was origin
. ally
int en d e d th at th e m e e tin g s hould

occupy one day on ly but th e we ath er proved so unfavourable

,

on th e fi rs t day th at th e R o u n d h ad to b e fi nishe d on th e
secon d day To th e en . t erpris ing arch ers o f Yorkshire i s al so
du e th e in ventio nof th e York Ro un d which h a s sin c e bec om e
,
 P U B L I C A R CH E R Y M E E TI N G S 1 49

th e alm so t un ivers ally ackn owle dge d t es t of th e co m p arative

e xc e lle n c e of all arch ers Thi s Round which i s n.
— ow al way s

s hot one a ch of th e two d ay s of a pub lic arch ery m e e tin g

c on si s tin g of si x doz enarrow s at 1 00 yard s four doz enarrows ,

a t 8 0 yard s , an d two doz en arrow s at 60 ya rd s wa s s o ,

a rran ge d i n th e belie f th at about th e sam e s core s would

t h enb e m a d e at each di st an c e ; an d t his h as b eenp rove d
t olerably corre ct a s reg ard s th e a verage of arch ers though ,

not so as regard s Mr H A Ford Maj or C H Fi sher . . .

, . .
,

Mr H H Palai ret Mr C E Ne sh am an
. . .
,
. . . d s om e others wh en
, ,

s h ooti n g i nth eir b es t form as it would b e cl early impo s s ibl e

,

f or th em to s core i nfour doz enarro ws at 60 y ard s th e 49 5

, ,

which Mr H A Ford m ad e i ntw elve doz enarro ws at 1 0 0

. . .

y a r d s a t Ch e lt e n h a m i n 1 8 5 7 o r t h e 4 ,66 w hich h e m a d e o n
t h e s ame occ as ioni neight doz enarro ws at 80 y ard s . Efi ort s
h ave occ asio n ally b ee nm ad e to re duc e th e qu an tity of shoot
in g a t 1 00 y a rd s f o r, th e b e n efi t of tho s e w h o lo o k upo n 8 0

y a rd s a s a lo n g di s t an c e ; a nd it h a s a l s o b e e n s ugg e s t e d t h a t
a f ew arrow s mi ght b e t ake nfrom 8 0 y ard s an d adde d t o 6 0
y a r d s but it i s g e n e rally a ck n o w l e dg e d th a t t h e Y o rk Rou n d
c an not well b e mended .

Th e L a di es N ation a l R o un d of four doz en arrows at 60

’

y a rd s an ,
d t w o d o z e n a rro ws at 5 0 y ard s s hot one ach of two,

d ay s did n
, ot b e c om e th e e st abli s h e d Rou n d until 1 8 5 1 an d ,

thenth e only reasonof i t s a doptionwas th at it c orres pond e d

i nqu an tities with th e s hootin g of th e gentlemenat 8 0 y ar
.

ds
an d 60 yard s .

Inth e year aft er th e Third L eamin gton Grand N ation al

Arche ry Me etin g i e i n1 8 5 4 th e L e am in
— . .
— gt onMeetin g wa s
s t art e d an ,
d h a s e ve r s in ce b eenanan nual ins titution except ,

i nthose years whenth e Gran d N ation al Mee tin g h a s b e en

a g ainhe ld at L e amin gton .

Th e fi rst C ry st al P ala ce Arch ery Meetin g was held i n

1 8 5 9 an, d h a s s in c e beenre peat e d an nually .

Th e Gran d We st ern Archery Meeting was s t arte d at

1
5
0 A R CH E R Y

T aun toni n1 8 6 1 an d h a s b ee nre pe at e d an

,
nually at different
plac e s except i n 1 8 65 whenth e Grand N ational Meetin
, , g
was he ld at Cli f ton an d i n 1 8 67 wh enn
, o Gran d We st ern
,

Archery Mee tin g was held In1 8 8 6 this m ee tin . g was com
b in e d with th e G ran d N ation a l Arch e ry Me e tin g whenh eld at
B ath .

O cc as ionally anext ra pub lic meeting h a s occurre d as at —

Aston P ark Birm in ,

gham i n 1 8 58 and i n1 8 68 ; at th e Ale x
,

an dra P ark Mu swell Hill i n 1 8 63 and aga in i n 1 8 7 3 an

, , ,
d
1 88 2 a l s o a t H a s tin gs i n1 8 67 ,
.

Th e fi rs t of a serie s of G ran d N orthern Meetin g s wa s

e st abli sh ed i n 1 8 7 9 Thi s meeting h as sinc e beenrepe ate d
.

an nually .

In1 88 1 th e Royal Toxophili t e S ociety i n ce leb ration o f ,

their cen t enary g ave a Double York Roun

, d meeting which , ,

th ough n ot st rictly s pe akin g a public meeting was so well ,

atten de d th at it c an not b e om itte d from th e record s of th e

York Round Thi s m eetin. g h as al so beenrepeat e d an nually
e ver sin ce 1 8 8 1 .

Alm o st th e large st att en dance of gentlem enat a p u b li c

Arch ery M ee tin g con s i s t e d of on e h un dre d an d ten at York
i n 1 8 45 wh en there were on
, ly ele venla die s shootin g At .

Ch elten ham i n1 8 56 there were se ven

, , ty two la die s an d on e
-

h un dre d and t we lve gen tlemen shootin g Th e b est att en d ed

.

m eetin g was i n 1 8 60 at B ath whenth ere we re on

, , e hun dre d
an d n in e ge n tlem enan d n inety n in e l a die s This was ju st
-
.

b efore th e be ginn in g of th e G rand We st ern Meetings an d ,

there was a full meetin g of n ine ty gen tlem en an d n in ety

three la die s i n1 8 65 i nwhich year n , o G ran d We st ernMeetin g

w as he ld .

With th e exc eption of th e S even th Grand National

Archery Mee t i n g which was held i n E din
, burgh i n 1 8 50 ,

all th e Gran d N ation a l Arch ery Me etin g s h ave occurre d i n

E ngl and .

Two Double York R oun d Scotti sh N ation a l Meetin g s were

1152 A R CH E R Y

N o approach h as b een m ade to Mr H A; Ford s be st . .

’

public s core of m ade at Chelten ham i n1 8 57 or to h i s ,

s econ d b est rec ord o f at L eam in gt on i n1 8 5 6 b ut h i s

oth er s core s of over are ea s ily cou n ted n
—
am e ly ,

a t E xeter i n1 8 5 8 at L e am in gtoni n1 8 6 1
,
at ,

B righton i n at L eam in gton i n1 8 68 and ,

a t L eam in gt oni n1 8 6 9 Major C H Fish er m a de . at . .

Sh erborne i n1 8 7 2 Mr Palai ret m a de . at th e C ry s t al

.

P alac e i n1 8 8 2 and i nth e R e gen

,
t s P ark i n1 8 8 1 Mr ’
. .

C E Ne sh am m ade
. . i nth e R e gen t s Park i n1 8 8 3 an d
’
,

1 0 22 at B ath i n1 8 8 6 No other archers h ave reach e d .

at a public m atch .

Mi s s L egh s s core at B ath i n1 88 1 of 8 40 wh ensh e m ad e

’
,

a ll th e 1 44 hit s s tood fore m os t a m on g s t l adie s achi evem ents ’

,

un til it was beat enby Mrs L egh s s c ore of 8 64 with 1 42 hits .

’

at L e am in gto nin1 8 8 5 Mi s s L egh i n 1 88 2 at th e C ry s t al

.
,

P al ace s core d 7 9 2 an
,
d i n 1 8 8 5 8 0 9 with 1 43 hit s
, Mrs . .

Butt s s c ore o f 7 8 5 at L eam in gton i n 1 8 7 0 rank s n

’
e xt .

Th en com e Mrs H orn i b low s s c ore s of 7 68 at L eam in gton ’

.

i n1 8 7 1 an d o f 7 64 al s o at L eam i n
,
— gton i n 1 8 7 2 Mrs
— . .

Piers F L egh sc ore d 7 63 at Sutt on Coldfi eld i n 1 8 8 1

. .

Mrs V F orb es sc ore d 7 5 2 at th e Cry st al P al ac e i n 1 8 7 0

. . .

Mrs M arsh all s c ore d 7 44 at th e Cry st al P alac e i n 1 8 8 4

. .

Mi s s B eth am s b est s core wa s 7 43 at L eam in

’
gtoni n1 8 67 .

Mrs P Pin
. .ckney s c ore d 7 2 9 at th e C rys tal P alac e i n1 8 7 3
an d Mrs P on d s core d 7 00 i n 1 8 7 4 al s o at th e Cryst al
.
,

P al ac e N o oth er ladie s app ear to h ave m ad e as m uch as

.

7 00 .

O ther sc ores of 7 0 0 and upward s h ave b een

M as H OR N IB L OW
. M I S S B E TH AM M R S P F LE GH
. . .

1 87 1 7 46 1 8 64 7 35 1 88 2 7 50
1 8 73 7 33 1 8 67 7 33 1 8 79 7 43
1 8 73 719 1 8 66 70 1 1 88 1 723
1 8 72 7 12 1 8 83 7 12
1 8 63 706 1 884 70 1
1 8 70 7 00
 P U B L I C A R CH E R Y M E E TI N GS 1 53

s umm ary of P ublic Meetings is

43 G rand N a t i onal Arc h ery M e et i ngs .

31 L e am i ngt o nA rc h e ry M e e ti ngs .

28 Cry s tal P ala c e Ar c h ery M e et i n gs .

2 4 G ran d W e s t ernArc h e ry M e e t i n g s .

7 G ran d N ort h e rnArc h ery M e e t i n g s .

2 A le x an dra Park Arc h ery M e e tin g s .

1 H a s ti ngs A r c h ery M e e t i ng .

2 A s t onPark Arc h ery M e e t i ngs .

6 R oy al Tox ophili t e S oc i et y
’
s Arc h ery M e e ti ngs .

1 44 M eeti ngs .

Wh enatten tioni s turn e d t o ward s th e m e etin gs at which

m o s t ge n tl em enh ave m a d e m ore th an600 an d mo s t l a di e s ,

h ave m ad e over 5 0 0 it i s fo un ,
d that i n1 8 60 at B ath se ven , ,

t e en ge n tlem enreach e d or p as se d th e score of 60 0 but at ,

th e sam e tim e on ly two ladie s pas se d 50 0 Thi s still re .

m a in th e large st m e e ti n g which h as yet be en h eld two

“

s ,

hu n dre d and eight sh oot ers h avin g b een pre sen t At th e .

Ale x an dra P ark Mee tin g i n 1 8 64 sixt eeng en , tlemenan d si x

la di es att ai n e d th e s am e am o un t o f exc ellenc e At B righton .
,

i n 1 8 6 7 s e v en t een g entl em en and seven l adi es p asse d th e

‘

s am e l e v e l s But i n1 8 8 2 at th e Cry stal Palac e th e corre

.
, , ,

S p on di n g n u m b e rs w e re t e n g e n tl e m e n a n d n i n e t e e n l a di es ,

an d at L eam in gtoni nth e s am e y ear fourte engen , tl em enan d

s ixt eenl a di e s ; whil s t i n1 8 8 3 at Ch e lt e n , h am ninet eengen tl e ,

m enp a ss ed 600 an d fo urt eenl a die s p a s s ed 5 00 though th e ,

s hoot ers com p e tin g a t this m eeting w ere only one hundre d an d
th i rty on -
e At Wi n
. dsor i n1 88 4 th i rt eenl adie s s c ored more
,

t h a n 5 00 a n d, t w e lv e g e n tl e m e n m o r e th a n 6 0 0 T h i s s how s .

n
c l ear ly th a t a lt h o
,u gh t h e n u m b e r of a tt e nd a n c e s h as dimi
i s h e d si n c e th e ext raordin ary s t art giv e nt o arch e ry by Mr .

H A Ford s b ook (and thi s i s po ssib ly du e to th e multi

’
. .

p lic a ti on of public m a tch e s ) y e t, t h e a v e ra g e of e xc e ll en c e ,

p a rticul a rly a mo n g s t t h e l a di e s h a s
, m a d e co n s id e ra bl e p r o

g r e s s
. Thi s i s a mo s t e n cou ra g i n g s y m p to m f or th e fu t u r e o f
a rch ery .
1 54 A R CH E R Y

Th e Firs t Grand N ational Archery Meeting was h e ld o n

Augu s t 1 a nd 2 , 1 8 44, at Knav e s m i re , near York .

1 00 Yards 80 Yards 60 Yards TOTA LS

a m u m:
H i ts Sco re H its S c ore H its Sc o re H i ts Score

R ev . J H i ggi n
. s on 18 66 21 93 14 62 53 22 1
R ev . E M eyri c k
. 15 65 24 76 19 77 58 2 18

Si ty x -
fi ve ge ntlem enshot , a nd no l adie s appe are d at th e
t arge ts .

ingle Y ark R ou n
Th e d (7 2 arrow s at 1 0 0 y ard s 48 arro ws
' "

s ,

at 8 0 yard s and 2 4 arrow s at 60 y ard s) was shot fi rst onthi s

,

occ asion .

Th e S econd Grand N ational Arch ery Mee ting was held o n

J une 2 5 and 2 6 , 1 8 45 , at th e sa me plac e .

60 Yards
L A D I ES

M i s s Th e lw a ll
Mi ss To w n s h end
M i s s E mm a W y lde
M i s s J ane F orst er

E levenl adies shot 96 a rro ws , all at 60 yard s .

80 Yards 60 Yards Toru s

Gx x r
'
mn
mx
H i ts S c ore H its Hits Sc ore H i ts Score

M r Pe t e r M u i r
. 53 185 46 18 2 36 1 70 1 35 537
M r J J on
. es
. 28 1 10 63 2 43 38 1 46 1 29 49 9
R e v E M e yri ck
. . 42 1 50 42 1 46 32 1 50 116 446
M r B la ck le y
. 27 1 13 44 1 76 30 128 101 41 7

One h undre d nd tengentlem enshot

a at this m eeting , a nd
York Roun
th e d as b efore de s cribe d shot on e ach day
'
‘

, , wa s
and at all th e follo wing m eetings .
1 56 A R CH E R Y

Fifty ei ght gen -

this meetin
tlemens hot g and o at , nth e

followin g day J uly 30 h alf a York Roun

— — d was shot f or a

b ow (B uch anans) and two other pri z es ’

.

1 00 Yard s 80 Yards 60 Yards

H its Sco re Hi ts Score

R ev J B ram h all w onth e

. .

b ow a
o a o

Th e Fifth Grand N atio nal Arch e ry Meeti n w h ld n

‘

e o
‘

g a s

J uly 19 a nd 2 0 ,
1 8 48 , at th e me pl ac e
sa .

60 Yards Toru s

L AD I ES

M i ss J B arrow .

M i s s Te m p le

Only fi ve l adie s shot and th ey shot 72 ow s at 60 yard s,

‘

, arr

and 7 2 at 5 (Lyards .

1 00 Yards 80 Yards 60 Yards TOTAIB

Gm rm un
x

Score H i ts Sc ore H i ts Score

M i tl nd
"
'

Mr E
. . a a 2 03 36 1 30 1 35 531
R ev . J
B ram h all
. 2 18 35 1 51 1 82 51 4
C W i lk i n
son
c

Mr . . 1 50 28 1 34 1 13 445
M r E M arr 1 67 29 99 1 18 436
‘

. .

M r Wi lli s
. 1 56 34 1 46 1 07 41 9
M r J W i ls on
. . 1 41 29 109 1 08 402

S ev enty four gentlem ensh ot at t hi s m ee tin Horac e A ;

“ “

g
‘

-
.

F ord here m ad e his first public ap pearanc e :s corin

, g

He s tood fi ft e enth i nth e li s t .

 P U B LI C A R CH E R Y M E E TI N GS 1 57

Th e Sixth G ran d N ational Arc h ery M ee ting was hel d on

J uly 18 and 1 9 1 8 49 a gainat D erby
—
, .

60 Yards 50 Yards
L AD IES
H i ts Score H its Sc o re

36 122 19 67
24 98 65
25 89 14 62

E ight ladies att ende d thi s m eeting and th e Na ti on al ,

R ou n d (9 6 a rrows at 6 0 y ard s an d 48 arrows at 50 y ard s) , ,

e q u ally divid e d b etw eenth e two d ay s was s h ot n ow f or th e ,

fi rst tim e an d h a s b ee n ever sin

, c e sh ot by th e la dies exc ept ,

at th e n e xt m eetin g at E dinburgh .

1 00 Yards 80 Yards 60 Yards TOTALS

G EN TLE MEN

H its S c ore Sc ore H i ts Sc ore

Mr . A . P M oore. 19 1 1 73 747
Mr . H . A F ord . 2 08 1 76 70 3
Mr . G . A t tw ood 1 25 1 49 61 5
Mr . E . M e yri c k 1 61 122 5 40
Mr . G . Olli er 1 99 1 23 51 6
Mr . J . W ilson 1 77 125 50 3

Fo ty si x gen
r tl em enshot at this m e etin
-
g an d th e Ch am ,

pions me d al was fi rst aw arde d onthis occ asion an

’
d wonby ,

Mr H A F ord who wonm ost poin

. . . ts 1
Mr Moore havin
,
g .

won4 n— am e ly hit s an d s co re at 80 yard s an , d gros s s c ore ,

an d Mr Attwood wont h e poin

. t s f or sc ore at 1 0 0 y ard s .

Th e p oi n
t s f or th e Ch am p i ons m e dal ’
are

n
2 p oi t s eac h f or gro s s sc ore and gro ss h i t s .

n n
1 p oi t e ach f or sc ore a d h i t s at 1 00 y ards .

1 p oi nt 8 0 y ards .

1 p oi nt 60 y ards .

Total, 1 0 p oi nts .
1 53 A R CH ER Y

S e ven
Th e th G rand N ational Archery Meeting was h eld on
J uly 24 2 5 and 2 6 1 8 50 at E din
,
burgh i nWarren
,
der P ark , , ,
.

60 Yards 60 Yards Toru s

H i ts Sc ore Sc ore

M rs Calv ert .
‘

M i s s E F ors t e r .

ladies shot at this m eetin

E ight g an d th e round which , , ,

owin g to th e conditio nof th e weath er was all sh ot on th e ,

third day c on s i s t e d of 7 2 arrow s at 60 y ard s an

, d 36 arro w s ,

at 50 yards .

1 00 Yards 80 Yards 60 Ya rd s To ru s

Gs x m x mx
H i ts S c o re H its 5 S c o re H its S c ore

M r H A F ord
. . . 70 31 4 44 2 42 198 899
M r C G arn
. e tt
. 61 22 1 40 1 68 1 66 68 8
R e v G M allo ry
. . 55 2 35 80 1 50 1 44 58 2
M r G W W illi s
. . . 46 184 39 181 1 80 5 40
M r J W i ls o n
. . 49 2 08 36 1 40 1 35 5 35
M r O K Pre s c o t
. . . 41 1 65 85 125 1 34 51 4
M r J Turn
. er
. 44 196 31 101 125 50 5

E ighty th ree gentlem en shot and th e Champions m e dal

-
,
’

was wonby Mr H A Ford who m a d e all th e p o in ts. . .

, .

At thi s m e e ting th ere was al so s om e s hooting at 2 0 0 yards ,

1 80 y ard s an d at 1 00 fee t i na ddition to th e u s ual doubl e

, ,

York Roun d .

E ighth Grand N ational Archery Meeting was h eld on

Th e
J uly 2 5 an d 2 6 1 8 5 1 onWi s d ens C rick e t groun d a t L e am i n
’

, , g -

t on At thi s m eetin
. g thirty three ladi es shot th e N ational -

R ound .

Mr H A Ford wonall th e poin

. . t s f or th e Ch ampionm e d al
.

e xc ept th at f or s c ore at 8 0 y ard s which was wonby Mr K T , . . .

H e ath .
1 60 A R CH E R Y

Mr Bramh all h avin

. g n2 poi nt s f or hit s and s core at 1 0 0
wo
yards , a nd Mr . J Wils on 2 poin
. t s f or hit s and s co re at 60

ya rd s .

Gas m a n
}:
100 Yards 80 Yards
l 60 Yards

S co re H i ts Sc ore H i ts

M r H A F ord
. . . 306 74 232 l42
R ev .J B ram h all
. 352 61 249
y 39
Mr . J W i lson
. 233 55 20 7 44
M r H G am e t t
. . 2 30 59 22 9 34

T his m atch h adxcitin g fin al e Wh enth e last

m os t
‘

a e .

three arrows alone rem ain e d to b e s h ot Mr B ramh all was 2 , .

p oi nt s ah e a d i n s co re It w a s th en a s i m pl e qu e s ti
. o n of nerv e ,

an d Mr F ord s prove d th e b est a s h e s co re d 1 4 to hi s oppo

’
.
,

n en ts 2 Th e t wo gen
’
. tlem enwere plac e d at adjoin in g t arget s ,

an d Mr B ramh all s n erve was furth er di s tu rb e d by h i s hearin

’
.
g
s om e on e n oi s ily o ff e r to b e t h e avily i n favour of Mr Ford . .

Mr Ford s hot fi rs t at h i s target an

. d Mr B ramh all secon d at , .

his .

Mr
F ord s s core.
’
o n J uly 9 , i n th e h andic ap match ,

amount e d to 48 5 .

Th e T enth Grand Nation al Arch ery Me e ting was h eld o n

J uly 6 and 7 1 8 5 3 a gainat L e amin
—
, gton .

60 Yards 50 Yards To ru s

L AD IES
Hi ts S c ore H its Sc ore Sc ore

M rs . H ornib low 54 2 30
Mi ss M Pe e l. 44 180
Mi ss Clay 46 1 92
Mr s . Te nnant (née Te m ple ) . 48 190

Th e ilver brac er for th e L a dy Ch ampio n

s e s s pres ent e d by ,

th e N orfolk B owm en was fi rst comp et e d f or at thi s m eetin g

‘

, ,
 P U B L I C A R CH E R Y M E E TI N G S 161

and won by Mrs . H orni b low, wh o won 6 of th e 8poi n ts ,

Mi s s M P eel h aving . se cure d th e 2 point s f or hit s and s c ore

at 50 yard s .

10 0 Yards 80 Yards 60 Yards Tor u s

Gs x r mm m
H its S c ore H its S c ore H its S c ore H its Sc ore

M r H A F ord
. . . 78 32 2 77 367 47 245 202 934
R ev . J
B ram h all
. 56 2 12 66 30 0 45 22 1 1 67 7 33
Mr . C G am e t t
. 55 197 57 2 51 39 1 57 1 51 60 5

Mr F ord won all th e Ch ampions p oin

. ts ’

, a nd now fi rst
b e ganto show h i s marke d superiority .

Fifty la die s and eighty t wo gentlem ensh ot -

.

Th e E le v enth Gran d N ational Arch ery M e eti n g was h eld

o nJuly 5 a nd 6, 1 8 5 4 onth e ra c e c ours e at Sh re w s bury
,
.

L AD IES
.
H its S c ore S c ore

M rs D avi s o n(n
. é e Ville rs)
M rs H orn
. i b low
M i s s B ak er

Mrs D avis on wonth e

. p o int s Mrs s ilver brac er with 7 ,
.

H orn i b low wh o m ad e a s c o re o f 32 5 onth e h an

,
dic a p day ,

h aving secure d th e eighth poin t with th e high e st s c ore at fi fty

yards :

1 00 Yards To ru s

GEN TL EM EX

H its Sc ore S c ore S c ore H i ts S c ore

M r H A F ord
. . . 101 41 1 87 41 5 46 248 2 84
R e v J B ram h all
. . 62 2 70 77 32 9 87 1 49 1 76 7 48
M r H H ilt on
. . 62 2 30 66 2 60 89 1 75 175 6 67
M r H G am e tt
. . 54 2 14 61 249 41 20 5 1 56 668
M r P M ui r
. . 67 22 9 52 206 41 197 1 60 6 32
1 62 A R CH E R Y

Mr Fo rd wonall th e point s of th e Champions m e dal nd

’
.
, a

m ade a further stride i nfront of all other c omp etit ors , m aking
over

Sixty -
si x ladies andninety fo ur g en
-
tlemenShot .

Th e Firs t Gran d L eam ingto n and Midl a nd Arch er y M e e ting

was h eld i nth e J eph sonG arden s onJ uly 1 9 an d 2 0 1 8 54
, ,
.

60 Yards 50 Yards Toru s

L amm

H i ts Score H i ts Sc ore H its Sc ore

M rs H o rn
. i b low
M i ss B ak er

1 00 Yards 80 Yards Toru s

G s s rLs Ms x

H i ts Sc ore H i ts '
S c ore H its Sc ore

Colone l Clow e s
M r R G am e tt
. .

S econd Gran
Th e d L eam ingt on and Midland Ar ch ery
M e eting was h eld onJ une 2 0 and 2 1 1 8 55 , .

60 Yards 50 Yards Toru s

Lu n
ms
H its S c o re H i ts S core

M rs H orn.i b low
M i s s H Ch e t w yn
. d

1 00 Yards 80 Yards 60 Yards

G EN TLEMEN

M r H A F ord
. . .

M r T G G oli gh tly
. . .
 1 64 A R CH E R Y

60 Yards 50 Yards Toru s

L amas

H i ts Sc ore H i ts S c o re H i ts Sc ore

M rs H orn
. i b lo w
M i s s H Ch e t w ynd .

80 Yards 60 Yards

Sc ore H its Sc ore H i ts Sco re H i ts 1 Sc ore

!
M r H A F ord
. . . 91 431 48 28 4 244 1 1 62
M r G M allo ry
. . 58 2 20 40 1 76 1 68 637
Colone l P h i lli pp s 59 2 47 44 2 02 1 50 634
Mr G E dw ards
. . 53 22 1 40 1 48 1 54 62 0

T hirt eenth Grand N ational Ar ch ery Me eting was h e ld

Th e
on J uly 2 an d 3 1 8 5 6 on th e Colle ge C rick et groun
, d at,
-
,

C h elt enham .

60 Yards 50 Yards To ru s

Lu mn
s

H its S c ore H i ts Sco re Sc ore

M rs H orn i b low
. 29 4 41 1 93 1 09 48 7
M rs D a vi son
.
1
31 2 35 1 49 1 03 461

80 Yards 60 Yards Toru s

H i ts Sco re H i ts S c ore H i ts Sc o re H i ts Sc ore

M r H A F ord
. . . 81 2 99 87 439 45 2 47 213 98 5
R e v J B ram h all
. . 82 346 69 271 40 1 68 19 1 78 5
M r P M ui r
. . 65 28 9 65 2 53 34 1 46 1 64 68 8
M r C G am e t t
. . 68 2 60 51 211 39 189 1 58 660
M r W P e t ers
. . 57 189 57 235 32 1 60 1 46 58 4

Mrs H orni b low wonth e S ilver brac e r with S i x poin

. t s , Mrs .

D avis on h avi ng won th e p oint f or c

s ore at 60 y ard s , a nd
Di d not sh oot th e las t si x a rrow s a t 50 y ards , bei ng p re ve nte d b y i ndi s o

p o s i ti o n .
 P U B L I C A R CH E R Y M E E TI N G S 1 65

h aving m ade th e numb erzof hit s as Mrs H orn

sam e i b low at .

t h at di st an ce Mi ss H Chet wyn
. d m a de th e sam e n
. u m b er o f

hit s at 50 yards as Mrs H orn i b low . .

Mr Ford againse cure d th e Ch ampions m e dal with eight

.
’

p oi nt s h i s,old oppo n en t M r B ram h a ll h avin g w on t h e

. point s

for hit s an d s core at 1 0 0 y ard s .

S ev en ty two l adies an -
d 1 1 2 gen tl em ens hot at this m eeting .

Th e fi rs t e ditionof Th e Th e ory an d Practic e of Archery

was p ublish e d i nth e c ours e of this y ear .

Fourth Grand L eam ington an

Th e d M idl and Arch ery
M eeting was held onJ une 1 0 and 1 1 1 8 57 ,

60 Yards
Lu mes
H i ts Sc ore H i ts

M rs H orn
. i b low 66 2 76 41
M rs L i t c h fi eld
. 58 2 30 38

G ru m man l100 Yards 80 Yards 60 Yards

H i ts Sc o re H its S c ore H i ts Sc ore Hi ts

M r H A F ord
. . . 38 7 88 398
Mr C H F i sh er
. . . 2 31 62 2 12

Fourteenth Grand N ational Arch ery M eetin

Th e g wa s h eld
o nJ uly 1 and 2 1 8 57 againat Che lt en
— h am , .

Tor u s
Lamas

S core H i ts

Mi ss H Ch etwyn
. d
Mrs . D a v i s on
Mrs . H orn i b low
Mrs . R B lak er
.

l
1 66 A R CH E R Y

Mi s s H Chet wynd wonth e s ilver b rac e r with all th e poin

. ts ,

a nd e xceed ed all th e previou s perform ances of ladie s i nm atch

S hooting .

1 00 Yards
l 80 Yards 60 Yards

H its Sc o re H its Sc ore H i ts Sc ore H i ts

M r: O H F i s h e r
.
'
.

Mr Ford . g in se cure d all th e point s for th e Ch ampions

a a
’

me dal and m ad e th e fi n
, e st s core e ver y e t m a de i npublic .

Th e average of th e s hootin g of all sho we d a m arke d i m

provem ent at this m eetin g ; an d it was gratifyin g to Mr Ford .

t o b e able t o s t at e th at sev eral of th e l eadin g archers attri

but e d th eir high positions i nth e pri z e li st to their c are ful ~

followin g ou t of th e p rin cipl es an d dire ction s l aid d owni nhi s

book .

Sixty on e l a die s an
-
dn ine ty s ev eng en tl em enshot - .

Mr H C M ules s c ore d 38 9 onth e h an

. . . dic ap day .

Gran
Th e Fifth d L eamingt onand Midl and Arch ery M e eting
was h eld onJ une 2 3 an d 2 4 1 8 58 , .

60 Yards 50 Yards Toru s

L AD IES
Sc ore

M i ss H Ch e t w ynd
. 74 344 41 19 1
Mi s s D i x on 62 2 70 39 1 79
1 68 A R CH E R Y

th e p oi nt for s core at 60 y ard s and M iss H Che t wyn d won , .

t h e p oi nt for s c ore at 5 0 yards and divide d th e poin t for hit s

a t thi s di s t an ce with M rs H orn i b low . .

Mr F drd h avin
. g wonall th e t enpoin
, t s be c ame Ch ampion ,

f or th e t en th time H e acc oun te d f or th e apparent falling

.

o ff i n th e S h oot i ng at thi s meeting as c ompare d with th e

previou s one by th e fact th at th e weather was ro ugh and th e
groun d diffi cult .

E ighty four ladie s and eighty Six gentlemenshot

- -
.

Grand Arch ery Meetin

A g was held i n th e grounds of
Asto nP ark ne ar Birm ingh am onS ept em ber 8 an
,
d 9 1 8 58 , , .

1 00 Yards 60 Yards Toru s

H its Sc ore H i ts Sc ore Sc ore

Mr . H . A F ord
. 87 339 73 843 2 94 976
Mr . G . E dw ards 63 2 77 65 2 55 46 2 50 1 74 732
Mr . H . W al t ers 55 2 31 53 2 53 37 1 93 1 45 67 7
Mr . H . E lli ott 60 2 42 63 2 47 89 185 1 62 67 4
Mr . G . L As t on
. 35 1 41 57 2 43 40 l 64 1 32 543
Mr . W . J W B aynes
. . 49 185 47 1 75 41 185 1 37 5 45

60 Yards
L AD IES
H i ts S c ore H i ts Sc ore

M rs H orn
. i b lo w 42 2 18 117
M i s s H Ch e t w yn d. 39 187 1 04
M i ss A s t on 41 175 1 08
L a dy E dw ards 32 1 42 93

It in t end ed a n
wa s d a dverti sed th at thi s meetin
, g should ,

b e rep e at e d i n 1 8 5 9 ; but fro m in s u ffi cient support it was

, ,

a b an don ed an d th e fi rs t of th e seri eS o f an nual archery m ee t

‘

in gs h eld i nth e ground s of th e Cry s t al P ala c e was s ub stitut ed

f or it .
 P U B LI C A R CH E R Y M E E TI N G S 1 69 .

Th e Sixth Gran d L e amingtonand Midlan d Arch ery Mee ting

w a s h eld onJ un e 1 5 an d 1 6 1 8 59 , .

Thirty ladies and thirty three gen tle m ensh ot -

.

60 Yards 50 Yards To ru s

L A D ms

H i ts Sc o re H i ts S c ore H its S co re

M rs H orni b low
. 70 28 2 48
M i s s H Ch e t w y n
. d 67 ,
31 3 39

1 00 Yards 80 Yards 60 Yards

Gs x r m mm:
H i ts Sc ore H i ts S c ore H i ts S c ore H i ts S c ore

Mr . G . E dw ards 93 355 76 350 47 2 57 2 16 9 62

Mr . H . A F ord
. 75 32 7 82 38 2 43 213 2 00 9 22
Mr . E . M a son 55 217 67 297 42 2 40 1 64 7 54
Mr . G . L A s ton
. 56 2 54 56 2 44 41 20 5 1 58 703
Mr . H . C M ule s
. 52 2 14 65 2 57 37 185 1 54 65 6
Mr . H . W alters 44 1 70 63 2 53 40 2 00 1 47 62 3

Th e Sixt eenth Grand N ational Arch ery Mee tin g wa s held

o nJ uly 6 an d 7 1 8 5 9 ag ainat E xe ter
—
, .

Miss Turn er wont h e s ilve r brac er with 5 poin t s Miss H , .

C h e t wynd h avin g won2 poi n t s f or gro ss hit s and 1 point for

hit s at 60 y ards .

60 Yards 50 Yards TOTA LS

L ADIES
H i ts S core Hi t s S c ore H its S c ore

M i s s Turner 77 38 5 45 2 45 1 22 6 30
M I S S H Ch e tw yn
.d 82 37 0 43 215 125 58 5
M rs G A tk i ns on
. . 76 334 42 207 1 19 5 41
Mrs H orn
. i b lo w 74 35 6 38 1 60 1 12 5 36

Th e Ch ampions m ed al ’
f or t h e e el venth c onse cutive tim e
I 7o A R CH E R Y

was wonby Mr F ord . w ith 8 p oin t s Mr,

. E d ward s h aving won
th e point s f or hit s and sco re at 8 0 y ard s .

1 00 Yards 80 Yards 60 Yards To r u s

G EN TLE MEN

Hi ts Sc ore H i ts ' Sc ore H i ts S core H i ts Sc ore

M r H A F ord
. . .

M r G E dw ards
. .

R ev . W J . . R i c h ards on
Mr . A E dm o n
. ds t one
Mr . H O M u le s. .

Mr . E M e yri c k
.

Mr . J R i m i ngt on
.

Mr . J T G eorge
. .

Mr . T B ou lt on
.

Mr . H W alt ers .

Mr . H B H are . .

Mr . W Swi re .

Mr . C H F i sh e r
. .

E ighty -
si x la die s and e ighty fo ur gentlem enshot
-
.

con
Th e d e ditionof Mr F ord s book was is s ue d i nthi s
se .
’

ye ar and th e accoun
, t of thi s Grand N ational Arch ery M ee t ing
w as no t includ e d init .

Grand Arch ery M e etin

A g und er th e m anage m en t o f Mr ,
.

M errid ew was p rop ose d to b e h eld i nth e ground s of Ast on

,

P ark Birm ingham on J uly 2 7 and 2 8 1 8 5 9 as m entioned

, , , ,

by Mr H A F ord at p age 1 24 ; but at th e L eamington

. . .

m eeting of th e sam e y ear it was d e cide d t hat this p ropos ed

m eetin g sh ould b e t rans ferre d to th e gro un d s o f th e C ry st al
P alac e at Syden h am a n d thu s com m en c e d t h e annu al C ry st al
,

P alac e Arch ery Meeting s .

Th e First Gran d An nual C ry st al P alac e Archery Mee t o

ing w as h e ld o n J uly 2 7 and 2 8 1 8 5 9 o n t h e C ricke t , ,

ground .
1 72 A R CH E R Y

Th e S event eenth Grand N ational Arch ery Mee ting was held
o nJ uly 4 a nd 5 , 1 8 60 , at B ath .

50 Yards To ru s

A
L D I ES

Score

M rs E L i s t e r
. .

M rs G Atki n
. s on .

Mrs R oge rs
.

1 00 Yards 80 Yards 60 Yards

Ga s m a n:
H its S c ore H i ts Sc ore Hi t s Sc ore H i ts

Mr . G E dw ards .

Mr . P M ui r .

Mr . H A F ord . .

Mr .H C M ul e s . .

Mr .W R i m ingt on .

Mr .E M a s on .

R e v W J R i c h ardson
. . .

M r H W alt e rs
. .

M r H B H are
. . .

M r G T G oli gh tly
. . .

M r J Sp e ddi n
.
g.

M r J W ils on
. .

Mr T B ou lt on
. .

M r C H F i sh e r
. . .

_ Mr . J . Tu rner

Col Clo w e s
.

M r E M eyri c k
. .

Mrs L i s t er . c priz e but Mrs Atkin

wo nth e son fi rst s ore , .

wonth e S ilve r b rac e r with 4 p oin ts .

Mrs L i s t er won2 p oin .t s f or gross s c ore .

Mrs H orn i b low wonth e p oin

. t for s c ore at 5 0 yard s an d ,

Mrs L i tc h fi eld wonth e p oin

. t for hit s at 50 y ard s .

At thi s m ee tin g Mr E d ward s wonth e Ch ampions m e d al .

’

with 6 p oin t s Mr F ord wh o t ook third ran , k h avin

. g won 4 , ,

p oint s nam ely 2 for gross hi t s an

— d tho se f or hit s at 8 0 y ard s
,

an d hi t s at 60 y ard s .

Ninety n in e l adi e s and 1 0 9 gen tlem ensh ot

-
.
 P U B L I C A R CH E R Y M E E TI N G S 1 73

Th e in fluen c e of hit s as aff ectin g th e po s itionof th e win ners

o f th e b e s t priz e s wa s n ow e n tirely ab andon e d an d th e order ,

o f th e p riz e s t ake nf rom th e gross s c ore on ly exc ept wh entwo ,

h ad a ti e i ns co re I nthi s c a s e th e diff e ren

. c e (if an y ) i n hit s

was co n s id ere d .

Wan t of s p ac e prevent s th e introductionof all th e win ne rs

o f b e s t p riz e s wh o v ary i nn
, u mber at th e diff erent m ee ting s
from si x to twelve acc ordin g to th e num bers pre sen
, t b ut i t
s h o uld b e m en tione d th at at th e e arlie st meetin g s th e s ec ond
priz e was allott e d to th e m aker of m o s t gros s hit s Thi s .

rule p re vaile d up t o 1 8 5 1 I n 1 8 5 2 1 8 5 3 an
. d 1 8 5 4 th e , ,

ord e r o f p riz e w in ners was i n acc ordance with th e ord er o f

-

th e gro s s s c ore s F rom th at d at e th e fi rs t priz e s were nam e d

.

fi rst s e co n
,
d third & c gros s s c ore an
, , d hit s an
. d th e rule by
, ,
’

which th e orde r o f th e p riz e li s t wa s obt ain e d w as th at th e

number of each shooter s po sitioni nhit s was t akenand adde d

’

t o th e n umber repre sen tin g hi s p ositionins c ore Th e lowest .

t ot al wonth e fi rs t sc ore and hit s priz e and th e next lowest ,

th e s econ d an,
d s o on In c ase s wh e re th e t ot al s of two
.

we re th e s am e th e high e s t s c ore would wi n Th e applic ation

,
.

o f thi s rule m ay b e ob s e rve d i n 1 8 5 9 wh en Mr R ich ard , .

s onm ad e th e third s c ore but won th e fourth priz e ;

wh ils t Mr E dm on
. dst on e wh o m ad e th e fou rth s c ore wonth e
, ,

third priz e Mr E dmon

. ds ton e w a s se con
. d i nhit s and fourth
i n s c ore (t ot al Mr Rich ard s on was third i n s c ore an
, . d;
fourth i nhit s (tot al ,

Th e S e cond G rand Annual Cry st al Palace Archery Me eting

was he ld onJ uly 1 8 and 1 9 1 8 60 , .

60 Yards 50 Yards Tor u s

A
L D I ES

S c ore

M rs H orn
. i b lo w
M i s s Turner
I 74 A R CH E R Y

1 00 Yards 80 Yards 60 Yards Toru s

Gm r mnss

H i ts Sc ore H i ts Score Hi t s Sc o re H i ts Sc o re

Mr . G E dw ards
. 67 2 47 77 8 59 46 2 24 1 90 8 30
Mr . H W alt ers
. 66 2 58 72 306 46 2 20 1 84 7 84
Mr . H A F ord
. . 63 28 9 64 2 58 46 2 26 1 73 77 3
Mr . B ra df ord 66 2 56 64 2 56 42 2 18 1 72 7 30
Mr . H C M u le s
. . 60 2 54 63 2 57 42 2 00 1 65 71 1
Mr . T B oul ton
. 57 2 47 57 243 31 1 33 1 45 6 28

Twenty -
si x la dies and fo ty three gen
r -
tlemenshot .

Th e E ighth Gran d L eami n gton and Midlan d Arch ery

Me eting wa s h eld i nth e J ep h sonG ardens onJ une 1 2 and 13 ,

1 8 61 .

T wenty -
si x ladie s and thirty four gentlemenS hot
-
.

60 Yards 50 Yards TOTAIB

L A D IES

Sc ore S c ore H i ts S c ore

M rs H orn. i b low 78 8 66 46 230 1 24 596

M rs E L i st er
. . 69 31 5 44 236 1 13 55 1
M rs L i tc h fi e ld
. 79 851 39 1 59 1 18 510

1 00 Yards 60 Yards Tor u s

G n
s rmmx s

Sco re H i ts Sc ore

M r H A F ord
. . .

M r G E dw ards
M r T G G oli gh t ly :
. .

. . .

M Kn ap p .

M r H C M ule s
. . .

M r W F ord
. .

M r G M all ory
. .

W S w i re .

J Sp e ddi ng
.

T L Co u l s o n
. .

H B H are
. .
1 76 A R CH E R Y

Gran
Th e d N ation al Arch ery Soci ety was fi rs t es t abli sh e d

at a m e e ting o f arch ers h e ld a t th e A d e lphi Hot e l i nLiv e rpoo l

onJ uly 1 9 1 8 6 1 ,
.

T h ird An
Th e nual C ryst al P alac e Arch ery Mee ting was

held onJ u ly 30 31 and Augu s t 1 1 8 61 -

, .

60 Yards 50 Yards Toru s

L A D I ss
Score H i ts Sc ore H i ts Sc ore

345 45 2 55 1 22 60 0
336 44 216 1 10 5 52
M i s s H Ch e twy nd .
326 42 2 00 1 14 52 6

1 00 Yards Toru s

H i ts S c ore

M r H A F ord
. . .

No other Shoot er m ade a s m uch as 600 .

Twenty two ladie s an d thirty se vengen

-
tlemenshot -
.

First Gran
Th e d West ern Arch ery Mee ting wa s h eld at
Bish op s Hull n ear T aunton onAugus t 7 an d 8 1 8 61 wh en
’
, , ,

fi fty thre e l adi e s an

-
d forty two gentlem enshot -
.

60 Yards 50 Yards To ru s

L AD IES
H i ts S c ore H i ts Sc ore H i ts Sc ore

M i s s Tu rn er . 30 38 6 45 2 59 125 645 i
M i s s M i gnon 66 27 6 41 1 97 1 07 47 3 I
M i s s H Ch e twyn
.d 56 2 36 40 2 28 96 464
M i s s J am e s 59 2 71 37 1 65 96 436
M rs A M alot
. . 62 256 34 1 42 96 898
 P U B L I C A R CH E R Y M E E TI N G S 1 77

100 Yards Toru s

G EN TLEM E N

H its Sc ore Sco re

M r G E dw ards
. . 59 2 68 88 1
M r H A F ord
. . . 65 2 35 31 9
Colone l Clo w e s 53 215 272
Mr W R i m in gt on
.

. . 58 20 7 2 72
M r H B H are
. . . 58 2 26 232
M r W S wi re
. . 57 20 5 57 251
M r H W al ters
. . 42 1 40 57 2 57

Th e Fo urth nC yt l P l c
An u al r s a a a e Arch ery Meeting was
h eld onMay ,
29 a nd 30 , 1 8 62 .

50 Yards

M rs H orni b low
.

M rs H W alte rs
. .

Toru s

S c ore

M r F Town
. s end .

M r H A F ord
. . .

M r G E dw ards
. .

M r W S w i re
. .

M r T B oult on
. .

M r J H Ch an
. ce
. .

Twen ty Si x la die s and f ortv gentlemensh ot

- .

Th e Nin th Gran d L e am m gton an d Midl an d Ar ch ery

M e eting was h e ld i nth e J eph sonG arden s onJ une 1 1 and 12 ,

1 8 62 .
1 78 A R CH E R Y

60 Yards To ru s

Mrs H orni b low

.

This was Mrs H orn i b low s S core onth e fi rs t day Th e

'

. .

roun d onth e second day was n ot com pl et e d onaccou nt of th e

b a d we ath er .

1 00 Yards 90 Yards 60 Yards To r u s

G nu -
La mas
H i ts S c ore

Mr G E dw ards
. .

This was th e best Shooting o f th e first day Onth e se cond .

day only 48 arrows at 1 00 yard s were shot .

Thi rty three la die s and twenty eight gen

-
tlemenshot -
.

Th e Nine t eenthGrand N ation al Ar ch ery Socie ty s Mee ting ’

was h eld at Wo rc e s t er onJ uly 1 7 an d 1 8 1 8 62 , , .

Sixty fi ve la dies an d e ighty eight gen

-
tlemenShot -
.

60 Yards 50 Y ards To ru s

L AD IES
Sc ore H i ts Sc ore H i ts Sc ore

M rs . H orn
i b low 48 2 76 1 28 660
M rs . G Atk i n s on
. 40 2 08 1 16 542
Mi s s J arre tt 43 229 111 52 5
Mi s s H . Ch e t wynd 31 3 40 1 76 105 48 9

Mrs H orni b low wonth e s ilve r b rac er wi th all th e 8 poin

. ts .

Mr G E dward s se cure d th e Ch ampi ons m e d al with 7

’
. .

point s . Mr H A F ord. . . wo nth e point f or s core at 80 yard s ,

a nd th e point s f or s core and hit s at 60 yard s .

1 80 A R CH E R Y

60 Yards 50 Yards

H i ts Sc ore H i ts S c ore

M rs H orn
. i b lo w 78 364 43
M rs B lak er
. 61 2 2 75 36 1 88

60 Yards Toru s

Gx x r cx x s x

H i ts S co re Sc o re Hi ts Sc o re H i ts Sc ore

Mr .H A F ord . . 59 22 1 72 32 6 44 79 1
Mr .F To w n s en
. d 58 196 68 28 4 41 67 5
Mr .T L Co uls on. . 58 2 33 65 28 1 34 65 6
Mr .M a c N a m ara 49 1 69 64 292 42 6 53
Mr G E dw ards
. . 49 185 64 2 64 42 637
Mr .A R Taw n .ey . 59 2 45 55 2 09 1
26 61 0
Colone l Clow e s 45 1 73 57 245 36 190 1 38 60 8
‘

T en
Th e th Gran d L eami n gt onan d M idl an d Arch ery Me et
ing w a s h e ld i nth e J e ph so nG a rd e ns on J u ne 2 5 a nd 2 6 1 8 63 , .

T wen ty eight ladie s an d thirty t wo ge n

-
tlem enshot -
.

60 Yards 50 Yards To ru s

H i ts Sc ore H i ts 3 Sc o re S c ore

M rs H orn
. i b low 90 442 44 264 1 34 706
M is s B E dw ards
-

. 73 30 5 47 2 29 1 20 0
5 34
M i ss W aller 74 322 l 42 2 06 116 528

1 00 Yards 80 Yards 60 Yards Toru s

Gs e ms x
I-

S co re H i ts S c o re S c ore 1 H its S c ore

M r H A F ord
. . . 22 7 1 79 8 13
M r M c N am ara
. 2 46 1 69 777
Cap tai nB e t h am 20 1 1 65 7 45
M r T L Coul son
. . . 1 52 1 77 713
M r H B H are
. . . 1 33 1 58 674
Colone l Clo w e s 180 1 56 6 54
M r H W alt ers
. . 1 79 1 59 68 7
M r J Sp e ddi n
. .
g 1 59 1 40 61 4
 P U B L I C A R CH E R Y M E E TI N GS 181

Th e T wentieth G rand N ational Archery S ociety s Mee ting ’

was he ld onth e Christ Ch urch C ricket gro un d at O xford on -

J uly 1 a nd 2 , 1 8 63.

60 Yards 50 Yards
A
L D I ES

H i ts Sc ore H i ts Sco re S c ore

M rs H orn i b low
. 73 28 5 43 193 116 47 8
M i s s H Ch e t w y nd . 61 39 1 89 1 00 468
M i s s B E dw ards . 60 38 1 92 98 45 0

Mrs H orni b low wonth e silver brac er with all th e 8 poin

. ts .

1 00 Yards 80 Yards 60 Yards Toru s

G ENTLE MEN

H i ts Sc ore H i ts S c ore H i ts Score H its S core

Mr . P Mu i r
. 72 292 65 295 2 58 1 79 8 45
Mr . H A F ord
. . 62 242 70 2 90 2 48 1 76 78 0
Mr . T L Coul s on
. . 59 219 58 240 41 22 3 1 58 68 2
Mr . G E dw ards
. 54 2 06 59 2 45 42 2 18 1 55 6 69
Mr . H W alters
. 38 1 60 64 290 45 2 09 1 47 65 9
Mr . F To w n
. s end 55 211 50 200 43 20 7 1 48 61 8

Th e weath er was very rough .

Mr P M uir won th e Ch am pi ons me d al with 8 poin ts ; ’

. .

M r H A Ford wonth e p oin

. . .t for hit s at 8 0 yards an d Me s srs .

H W alt e rs an
. d R W Atkin s o ndi vid e d th e poin
.t f or hit s at
.

6 0 y ard s
Fifty four la die s an dn inety s i x gen
-
tlem enShot -
.

Mr T L Coulson(45 2 ) Shot well onJ uly 3 inth e h an

. . . di
c ap m atc h .

Third G ran
Th e d Wes t ernArch ery M eetin g was held a t
Weymouth on J uly 1 5 an d 1 6 1 8 63 wh en fi fty n ine l a die s , ,
-

an d Sixty four gen tlem enS hot

-
.

There was a ti e b et ween Mis s L T urn er an d Mi s s S . .

D aws oni np oin t s ; an d ondrawin g lot s (not a fa ir way of de

c iding th e ti e) Mi s s S D aws onwon an d b ec am e Ch am p ion

. ess , .
1 82 A R CH E R Y

60 Yards 50 Yards Tor u s

Mi ss L Turn er .

Mi ss S D aw s on .

1 00 Yards 80 Yards
Gm rm nu
H i ts Sco re H i ts Sc ore H i ts

Mr H A F ord . . 77 341 44 242 1 86

Mr T L Couls on
. . . 57 277 42 2 36 1 69
Cap t ai nB e th am 76 322 43 2 19 1 69
M r W R i mi n
.
gto n
. 67 2 49 43 20 7 1 74
Colon e l Clo w e s 59 243 34 1 76 1 49

Mr H B Hare (1 48 h it s 5 9 4 s c ore ) b ec am e Champion

. . .
,

of th e We st .

Gran
A d Inaugural Ar ch ery F ét e was h eld i n th e Ale x
an
dra P ark Mu s well Hill o nJ uly 2 3 and 2 4 1 8 63
, , , .

60 Y ards 50 Yards

H i ts Sc ore H its Score

M rs H orn.i b lo
w 47 2 69 125 639
Mi s s H Ch e twynd . 354 ,
40 1 88 116 542
M rs H are. 43 1 77 117 50 5

G n
s rm u s s

Mr G E dw ards
. . 64 2 34 71 2 93 47 2 79 1 82 806
Mr W R i mi n
.
g.ton 70 2 64 66 2 66 43 22 5 1 79 7 55
Mr T L Coul son
. . . 59 2 57 62 2 64 41 1 93 1 62 71 4
Mr H W alt ers
. . 60 2 12 60 2 54 2 47 1 65 713
Colon e l Clow e s 2 36 58 2 32 39 19 3 1 61 66 1
M r T B oulto n
. . 52 1 98 67 2 67 38 1 92 1 57 657
Mr J R ogers
. . 50 180 2 63 44 1 96 1 59
‘

639
Cap tai nB e th am 50 1 74 58 40 2 00 1 48 598

Mr J Buchanana ct e d
. . m an
asa ger of thi s m e e ting .

N inet eenl a di es and forty one g en

-
tlem enShot .
1 84 A R CH E R Y

60 Yards
LA D I Fs

H i ts S core H i ts Sc ore H i ts

M i s s B eth am 76 350 41 253 1 17

73 848 45 22 1 1 18
72 296 41 225 1 13

Twenty fi rst Grand N ation

Th e al Ar ch ery S oci ety s Meetin
-
g
’

was h eld i nth e Al e x andra P ark Mu s well Hill n e ar Lon d on , , ,

onJ uly 6 an d 7 1 8 64 , .

60 Yards 50 Yards Toru s

L A D I ES
H i ts Sco re H i ts Sc o re H i ts Sco re

M i ss B eth am 83 42 9 46 2 64 1 29 69 3
Mrs . G A tk i n
. s on 74 8 92 43 243 117 635
Mrs . H orn i b low 76 31 4 45 22 7 121 541
Mi ss A S B u tt
. . 79 339 46 2 00 125 5 39
Mi ss Qu i n 68 320 44 208 1 12 52 8
Mi s s Tu rner 66 41 211 1 07 51 1

Miss B etham wonth e silve r brac er with 7 4points . Miss

A . S B utt divide d
. th e p o int for hits at 50 yard s wi th h er .

80 Yards 60 Yards
G as m a n:
H i ts Sc o re H it s Sc ore H i ts S co re H i ts Sc ore

Mr G E dw ards
. .

Mr P M ui r
. .

Mr H W alt ers
. .

Mr W R Atk i n
. son
. .

Cap tai nB e t h a m
M r J am e s Sp e ddi n
.
g
M r B e th am
.

M r T L Cou ls on
. . .

M r S t J Co v e n
. .try .

Mr A R Tawn
. . ey .

Capt ai nC H F i s h er . .

M r H B H are . .

M r J W ils on
. .

Mr H E lli ot t
. . 0

M r M c Nam ara
.

M r H G am e tt
. .
 P U B L I C A R CH E R Y M E E TI N GS 1 35

Mr G . . Ch ampions med al with

E dward s . se cure d th e
’

oi nt s M P Mui r w o n 2 poi n t s f o r hit s an d s c ore at 1 0 0

p r . . .

y ar d s a nd
, M r H W alt e rs divid e
. d th e. poin t f o r hi t s at 60

y ar d s with M r G E dw a r d s . . .

E ighty two l adi es an d eighty si x gen

-
tlemenshot -
.

Good s c ore s appear to h ave b eenma de i nth e h an dic ap .

m atch o n J uly 8 n — am e ly 35 6 by Mi s s B eth am 334 by , ,

M rs G Atkin
. so n an
. d 32 1 by M iss T urn ,
er ; 46 3 by M r G . .

E dwards 42 0 by Mr W R Atkin
,
so n an d 39 4 by Mr W
. . .
,
. .

Rimington .

Th e Fourth Gran rnArch ery Meetin

d We s t e g was h eld at
E xeter onAugus t 3 and 4 1 8 6 4 whenone hundre d and s e ven , ,

t e enla die s and fi fty eight gen tlem enShot -

.

50 Yards To ru s

A
L DIES

H its Sco re Score H i ts

Mi s s S D aw son .

Mrs C H E v ere tt
. . .

Mi s s Qu i n

80 Yards 60 Yards
Gm rm nn
x

S c ore H i ts S c ore H its Score H i ts Sc ore

2 30 74 336 44 220 1 90 8 36
340 64 2 50 37 195 1 31 7 35
22 5 65 2 51 35 1 69 1 53 645
1 74 45 2 07 40 20 4 1 35 535

Mis s S D aws o nand Mr H B Hare b ec am e Ch ampion

. es s . . .

and Ch ampionof th e We s t .

Th e T welfth Grand L eam ingt o n and M idl and Ar ch e ry

M ee ting was h eld onJ une 1 4 and 1 5 1 8 6 5 i n th e , , J e ph son
G arden s .
1 86 A R CH E R Y

60 Yards 50 Yards Toru s

LA D IES

H i ts Sco re H i ts S co re S c ore

M i ss B e th am 86 41 2 47 2 59 1 33 67 1
Mi ss S D aw s on
. 84 45 241 1 29 645
M rs . H orn i b low 86 46 240 1 32 62 4
M rs . E L i s t er
. 69 31 1 40 198 1 09 50 9
Mi s s A S B u tt
. . 74 300 40 2 06 1 14 50 6
M i ss W aller 70 31 0 40 19 2 1 10 50 2

1 00 Yards
G as e s

H i ts Sc ore Sc ore H i ts iS c ore H i ts Sc o re

P '

Mr G E dw ards
. . 352 44 2 18 198 908
Mr T L Coulson
. . . 2 78 42 202 1 70 7 62
Mr B e th a m
. 28 1 47 2 41 1 67 7 53
Mr H W al te rs
. . 30 1 46 2 08 1 87 7 19
Cap tai nB e th am 2 67 35 1 75 1 77 7 03
M r Ch an
. ce 38 1 54 1 72 69 8
M r H E lli ott
. . 249 48 2 19 149 643
M r A R Tawn
. . ey . 235 37 16 1 151 603

T h i rty -
t wo l adie s and forty ge ntlem enshot .

The Se venth Grand Annu al Cryst al P alace Archery Meeting

was h eld onJ uly 6 nd
a 7 , 1 8 65 .

60 Yards 50 Yards Toru s

H i ts S c ore Hits S co re H its S core

M i ss B e th am 46 2 46 116 59 8
M i s s E K F en . t on . 38 1 78 1 05 48 5
Mrs H orn . i b low 38 1 76 1 08 480

80 Ya rds 60 Yards To ru s

Gx x r n
mms
'

H its Sc ore H i ts S c o re

Mr E A H olm e s
. . . 39 18 1 1 77 71 1
M r G E dw ards
. . 44 2 46 1 57 67 3
M r H E lli o t t
. . 40 194 1 44 630
M r H W alt ers
. . 43 22 5 1 32 59 4
1 88 A R CH E R Y

y ard s and Mr R W Atkin s o nwonth e poi n.t for s core at 60

. .

yard s Me s srs G E d ward s and H Walters divide d th e poin

. . . t .

f or hit s at 60 y ard s .

Ninety three ladie s and nin e ty gen

-
tleme ns hot .

N0 Grand We s ternArchery Mee ting was held this ye ar .

Thirt e enth Grand L eam in

Th e g to na nd M idl and A rch e ry

Mee ting was held i nth e J eph sonG ard ens onJ u ne 1 3 and 14 ,

1 8 66 .

60 Yards 50 Yards To ru s

L AD IES
S c ore Hi ts Sc ore S c ore

M i ss B e th am 45 25 7 1 27 70 1
M rs . H orn i b lo w 46 2 76 1 29 69 9
M i ss S D aw son
. 43 187 1 34 646
M rs . E L i s t er
. 42 2 18 1 20 59 2

1 00 Y ards 80 Yards 60 Yards To ru s

G EN TL E ME N

H its S c ore

Mr G E dw ards
. .

Mr T L Couls on
. . .

Mr T B ou lt on
. .

Mr O K Pre s c ot
. . .

Mr H E lli o t t
. .

Mr G oli gh t ly
.

Mr B e t h a m
.

Cap t ai nB e t h am
Mr H W alt ers
. .

Mr Golightly s core d 40 5 onJ un

. e 1 5 i nth e h andic ap m atch .

Thi ty one ladie s and thirty

r - -
si x gentlem enshot .

Th e E ighth Grand Annual C rys t al P alace Archery Meeting

wa s held onJ u ne 2 8 an d 2 9 1 8 66 ,
.

T wen ty nine l a di es an d fo rty fi ve gen

-
tlem enshot -
.
 P U B L I C A R CH E R Y M E E TI N G S

60 Yards 50 Yards To ru s

A
L D IES

H i ts S c ore H i ts Sc ore

81 38 9 2 44
78 346 2 34
82 348 44 222
68 338 41 20 1
72 332 42 19 4

80 Yards 60 Y ards
G Ee E M Ex

Score Sc ore H its S c ore H its Sc ore

Mr .H E lli o tt
.

Mr .G E dw ards
.

Mr .T B oult on
.

Mr .E A H olm e s
. .

Mr .T L Coul s on
. .

Mr .B W A tkin
. so n.

Mr .W R i mi n
.
gt o n
Mr .F To w n
. sen d
Cap ta i nC H F i sh er . .

Cap tai nW h i tla

Th e Fifth G rand WesternArch ery Mee ting was held at

Weym o uth on J uly 1 8 and 1 9 1 8 66 when seventy s even , ,
-

ladies and fi f ty n ine gentlemenshot -

.

M iss S D aws onan d Mr H Walro n

. d bec ame res pe ctively
. .

Ch am pi on e s s and Ch ampiono f th e West

-

.
0

Durin g th e se fi ve Grand We s t ernArch ery Meeting s Mr .

T D awsonact ed as H on S ecre t ary No me eting was held

. . .

i n1 8 6 5 wh e nth e G ran
,
d N ational Arch ery Meeting was h el d
at Clift o n an dn one was h eld i n1 8 67 .

60 Yards 50 Ya rds TOTA LS

L a mas

H its S c ore H its Sc ore Sc ore

76 384 46 2 62 1 22 646
82 41 4 41 19 5 123 609
66 29 6 42 22 1 108 517
1 90 A R CH E R Y

1 00 Yards 80 Yards 60 Yards To ru s

a rm u x

H i ts Sc ore S c ore Hi t s Score

Mr . H W alron
. d 44 1 80 66 32 0 40 1 98 1 50 69 8
Mr . B eth a m 53 191 62 2 68 43 2 23 1 58 68 2
Mr . T G G oli gh tly
. . 51 20 5 56 2 54 38 202 1 45 6 61
Mr . w R i mi ngto
. n 47 1 77 65 2 55 39 1 83 1 51 61 5
Mr . H A F ord
. . 45 123 61 2 75 45 21 5 1 51 61 3

Th e T wen ty thi rd G ran d N ational Archery Society s Mee tin

-
g ’

was h eld i n th e groun d s of Si r R H arvey B art at C rown .

, .
,

P oint n e ar Norwich onJ uly 2 5 an

, d 2 6 1 8 66 , , .

60 Yards 50 Yards To ru s

L a m as
H i ts S c o re H i ts Sc ore H i ts S core

M i ss B e th a m 85 40 5 45 2 57 1 30 662
M rs . H orn i b low 86 428 42 2 12 1 28 640
M i ss L J B u tt . . 72 31 6 43 1 89 1 15 50 5
Mi ss A S B u tt . . 60 2 62 44 2 28 1 04 49 0

Mis s B e th am wonth e lver bracer wi th 6 poin

si t s Mrs . .

H orni b low wonth e 2 point s for hit s and s core at 60 y ard s .

1 00 Yards 60 Yards Toru s

G Ee E M Ex

Mr G E dw ards
. .

Mr E A H olm e s
. . .

Mr W R i m i ngt on
. .

Mr B e th a m
.

Mr R W At k i n
. s on
. .

Mr F To w n
. se nd .

Mr T L Couls on
. . .

Mr H A F ord
. . .

Cap t ai nW hi tla
M r O K Pres c ot
. . .

Capt ai nC H F i sh e r . .

M r C C E lli s on
. . .

M r F Partri dge
. .

M r Ch a n
. ce
 1 92 A R CH E R Y

60 Yards l 50 Yards To r u s

La m as
H its Sc ore H its S c o re Sc o re

M i s s S t D aw s on l 84 37 s 44 248 1 28 62 6
M i s s R i ple y 70 32 0 43 20 1 1 13 52 1
M i s s B e t h am 69 28 1 42 2 18 111 499

1 00 Yards 80 Yards 60 Yards Toru s

a rt s ms x
H its S co re H its Sc ore H i ts Sc o re

Mr H A F ord
. . .

Mr O K Pre s c ot
. . .

Mr S p ot t i s w oode
.

Mr ‘.
V
R i m in gt
. o n
Mr E A H olm e s
. . .

Mr H E lli o tt
. .

Mr B e th am
.

Cap tai nC H F i sh e r . .

M r J M Crok er
. . .

M r R W At k i n
. . s on .

A dmi ral L o w e
M r St J Co v en
. . t ry
.

Th e Twen t y fourth Gran d N ation al Arch ery S o ci ety s

-
’

M e e ting was h eld at Prest on near B right on onJ uly 24 and , ,

2 5 , 1 8 67 .

60 Yards 50 Yards Toru s

Lam as
H i ts S c ore H its S c ore H i ts Sc ore

M rs E L i s te r
. . 86 45 4 42 2 36 1 30 69 0
M i s s B e th am 82 366 47 129 647
M i s s S D a w s on
. 40 4 44 242 1 32 646
M rs H orn i b low 88 45 0 42 1 96 1 30 646
M i s s S t e ph e n so n 70 31 0 41 2 33 1 11 5 43
M rs J R Th om s on
. . . 75 36 1 35 1 69 1 10 5 30
M i s s A S B u tt . . 69 31 9 41 19 1 1 10 5 10

Mrs .E List er wonth e s ilver brac er of th e Champione s s

.

w ith 3 point s Mis s S D aws onwonth e 2 point s f or m o s t

. .
 P U B LI C A R CH E R Y M E E TI N G S 1 93

h it s , a nd divid e d th epoint f or hit s at 60 y ard s with Mrs .

H orni b low . Mi ss B eth am won2 poin ts for hit s and s c ore at

50 y ard s .

1 00 Yards 80 Yards 60 Yards To ru s

Gs e EM EN
'

H its Score H its Sc ore H i ts S c ore H i ts S c ore

M r H A F ord
. . .

M r E A H olm e s
. . .

M r S p o t ti sw o o de
.

M r O K Pre sc ot
. . .

M r W R i mi n
. .
gton
Mr G E dw ards
. .

Mr B e th am
.

Mr P Mui r
. .

M r B Caldw ell
. .

A dm i ral L o w e
M r H E lli o tt
. .

Cap t a i nC H F i sh er . .

M r R W A tk i n
. . s on.

Mr T B ou lt on
. .

M r C E lli son
. .

M r T L Co u ls on
. . .

Mr G H olm e s
. .

Mr H A Ford b ec am e th e Ch am pionfo
. . . r th e twelfth and
last t i m e H e won8 poin
. t s Mr E A Holmes h aving won , . . .

th e p oin t f or s core at 1 00 yard s and Mr O K Presc ot th at , . . .

for c
s ore at 8 0 y ard s Mr E A Holm e s was un . well durin .g . .

th e s hootin g at 60 yards onth e se con d day whenh e ma de ,

on ly 8 9 at th at di st an c e Th e average v alue of th e fi rs t t en
.

onthi s occ as ionall ove r 7 0 0 was 8 2 0 7 ,

an d thi s still rem ai n
,s

th e hi ghe s t av erage e ver yet att ained Mr H A Ford onthi s . . . .

occ asionwas u sin g very weak bows n ot much m ore th anforty ,

pou nd s i nweight and light arrows ,

.

S e ve nty two l adies an d eighty si x gen

-
tl em enshot -
.

Gran
A d Arch ery Meetin g wa s h eld i nth e Public Recreation ,

Ground at Ha stin gs onJ uly 31 and Augus t 1 1 8 67 , , .

Thirty th ree l adie s and twen

-
ty sevengen tlem enshot -
.
1 94 A R CH E R Y

60 Yards 50 Yards To ru s

A
L D IES
H i ts Sc ore H i ts Sc ore Sco re

Mi ss B e th a m 88 458 47 275 1 35 7 33
M i ss A B e t h am
. 76 324 48 2 38 124 5 62
M rs . P B ec h e r
. 78 336 39 20 7 1 17 5 43
Mi ss L J B u tt
. . 70 2 94 43 22 7 113 52 1

1 00 Yards 80 Yards 60 Yards Toru s

Gas m a n:
H i ts Sc ore H i ts Sc ore H i ts H it s S c ore

M r H A F ord
. . . 82 302 76 2 98 40
M r O K Presc ot
. . . 83 331 72 30 2 39
M r B e th a m
. 76 30 4 63 2 35 44
M r W B u tt
. . 66 246 53 191 43
A dm i ral L ow e 60 266 48 196 40
M r T B oult on
. . 49 22 5 58 2 44 37
Cap t a i nC H F i s h e r . . 50 1 90 63 29 1 37
Capt ai nB e th am 57 19 7 50 2 30 41

h andic ap match shot i nth e Arch ery Ground St

I nth e , .

L eonard s onS ea onth e n e xt day — Augu st 2 C apt ainC H

- —-
, . .

Fisher s co re d 47 2 and Mr H A F ord 47 1 . . . .

Fift een
Th e th Grand L eamington and Midl and Archery
Me eting was he ld i nth e J eph sonG ardens onJ une 1 0 and 11 ,

18 68 .

60 Yards 50 Yards TOT AL S

L a mas

H i ts S core S c ore H i ts Sc ore

M rs H o rn . i b lo w
M i s s R i p ley
M i s s B et h am
M rs W B u t t (M i s s S D aw s on
. .
) .

M rs A Kn . ox M i
( ss E A
. . .

B e th am )
M rs P B e c h er
. .

M 1 8 8 S teph en s on
M rs W S M i lle r
. . .

M i s s H H u tc h i n s on.
1 96 A R CH E R Y

T wen ty two ladies and thirty gentlem enshot

- .

This mee ting was managed b y Mr N Merridew . . f or Mr .

Qu ilt e r .

Th eT enth Grand Annual Cryst al Pal ac e Arche ry Mee ting

was held onJ uly 2 and 3 1 8 68 , .

60 Yards 5 0 Yards To ru s

L am m
i
H i ts Sc ore H i ts Sc ore Sc ore

M rs . W B u tt
. 87 443 43 2 17 1 30 6 60
Mrs . H orn i b low 86 424 230 1 30 6 54
M i ss B e th am 83 42 1 42 2 30 125 65 1
Mi ss H H u t c hi n
. s on 86 408 39 193 125 61 9
Mi s s R i pley 80 368 46 2 28 126 59 6
Mi s s E lli s 43 235 111 515
M i ss A da m s 308 41 207 107 51 5
Mrs . A Kn . ox 81 345 38 1 68 119 513

1 00 Yards Toru s

Gx x r m mzx
H i ts Sc ore H i ts Sc ore

Mr E A H olm e s
. . .

Mr W R im in
.
gt o
. n
Mr H A F ord
. . .

Mr Spo tti s w oo de
.

Mr E N Sn
. ow
. .

Mr F To w n
. s en
. d
Mr J M Crok er
. . .

Mr B e t h am
.

Mr J e nne r F u st
.
-

Cap t ai nC H F i sh er . .

M r H E lli ott
. .

Thirty -
se e v nladies and fi fty gentle mens hot .

Th e Tw nty e -
Grand N ational Archery S ociety s Mee ting
fi f th
’

was h eld at H e re ford on th e R ac e course onJ uly 2 9 an

, d 30 , ,

1 868 .
 P U B L I C A R CH E R Y M E E TI N GS 1 97

60 Yards To ru s

H i ts S c ore H i ts Score H i ts Score

M i s s B e th am 80 38 2 48 290 1 28 672
M rs W B u tt
. . 87 359 47 2 65 1 34 62 4
.
M rs P B e c h er
. . 79 40 1 41 1 93 1 20 59 4
M rs E L i ster
. . 72 346 43 2 47 1 15 593
Mrs H orn. i b low 82 364 44 222 1 26 58 6
M i s s R i ple y 70 330 42 2 14 1 12 544

Mis s B etham ilver bracer with 4 poin t s Mrs wonth e s . .

W Butt won2 poin

. ts for mo s t hit s and another point f or hit s
a t 60 y ard s Mrs P B echer wonth e poi n t f or s core at 60
. . .

y ard s .

80 Yards 60 Yards Toru s

Hi ts Score H i ts Score

M r W R i mi n
.
gt o n .

Mr O K Presc o t
. . .

Cap tai nC H F i sh er . .

M r E A H olm e s
. . .

M r H A F ord
. . .

Colon el M F W ard . .

M r J M Crok er
. . .

Mr H Elli ott
. .

M r B e th am
.

M r H W alron
. d .

Mr J en ner F u s t
.
-

Mr W B u tt
. .

Mr W Rim ingtonb ec ame th e Ch ampionwith 5 poin

. . ts .

Capt ainC H Fi sher won2 poin t s for hi t s an

. . d s core at 1 0 0

y a rd s Mr O. K P re s cot won th e. poi nt f.or s.co re a t 8 0

y ar d s ; and M r J M C r ok er w o n th e poin t s f.or . s co re

. an d
h it s at 60 y ards .

Six ty three l adies an d sixty n

-
in e gen tlemenshot -
.

Mr W Rim ingtonscore d 438

. . o nly J u 31 i nth e h andic ap
m atch .
1 98 A R CH E R Y

Sixth G rand West ernArch ery Meeting was h eld

Th e at

Bitt on near T eignmouth onS epte mb er 9 an

,
d 1 0 1 8 68 , ,
.

60 Yards 50 Yards Toru s

A
L D IES
H i ts S c ore H i ts Sc ore Sc o re

83 45 3 44 2 38 127 69 1
85 39 7 45 2 19 1 30 616
62 2 68 43 20 1 105 469

1 00 Yards 80 Yards 60 Yards To ru s

Ga x r mnax

H i ts Sc ore H its Sc ore Sc ore H i ts Sc ore

M r H A F o rd
. . . 2 60 1 90 9 24
Colon el M F W ard . . 217 1 74 8 36
Mr H B H are
. . . 1 98 1 56 722
M r E N Sn
. ow
. . 2 37 1 54 7 04
Adm i ral A L o w e . 28 3 1 60 1 59 68 5
M r C H E v ere tt
. . . 22 1 1 89 1 56 62 2
Mr H W alron
. .d 20 6 1 88 1 47 60 1

Mi s s Ripley b ec am e Ch am pioness , a nd Colonel Ward

Ch ampiono f th e West .

Fifty si x l adies and thirty eight gen

-
tlemensh ot -
.

Sixt een
Th e th Gran d L eam ingtonan d Midl and Archery
Me eting was h eld on J une 9 an d 1 0 1 8 69 i nth e J eph s on , ,

Gard ens .

50 Yards To ru s

L A mrs

H i ts S core Sc ore H its Sco re

M i ss B e th a m
Mrs . Ki nah an
M rs . P B e c h er
.

M rs . H orn i b low
Mi ss Pe el
Mi ss S te p h e n so n
M rs . E L i s t er
.

M i ss H H u tc h i n
. son
Mi s s F F li gh t
.
200 A R CH E R Y

T wenty s ixth Grand N ation

Th e al Arche ry Soci ety s
-
’

M eeting wa s h eld i nth e As ton P ark Ground s near B i rm i ng ,

h am onJ uly 2 8 an
, d 2 9 1 8 69 ,
.

60 Yards 50 Yards Toru s

LA m rs

M rs . H orn i b low 78 40 2 45 22 7 123 629

M rs . Ki n ah an 83 40 9 40 1 98 123 60 7
M rs . E L i s t er
. 65 299 45 2 19 1 10 518
Mi s s B e th am 61 2 47 43 2 39 1 04 48 6
M i ss St ep h en s on 62 2 76 41 20 1 103 477
M i ss H H u t ch i n
. s on 73 32 1 35 1 55 1 08 47 6

Mrs H orni b low won th e

. highes t s ilver brac er with th e
s core as th ere wa s a ti e b et wee nh er an
, d Mrs Kin ah an i n .

poin t s Thi s was s aid to b e th e c ase at th e tim e but it d oe s

.
,

not appear to have b ee n so from th e publi she d s cores a s ,

Mrs H orn . i b low h ad th e a dvan t a ge by one half a poin t Mrs -

. .

H orn i b low app ears t o h ave won2 poin t s for gro s s s core 1 ,

poin t f or a ti e with Mrs Kinah an f or t ot al hit s and on . e h alf ,

-

a poin t f or a ti e with Mrs E L is t er f or hit s at 50 yard s . .

tot al 34 ,; poi nt s M rs Ki n ah a n . w o n 2 p oi.nt s f or hit s a n d

s c ore at 60 y ard s an d 1 p oin t for th e ti e i n tot al hit s h er
,
—

tot al b eing only 3 point s Mis s B eth am won1 point f or score .

at 5 0 y ard s Th e a nnu al report of this m eet ing wa s ne ver

.

i s sue d by th e H on S ecret ary th e R ev 0 L u ard so th e actu al

.
, . .
,

s t at e of th e c as e c an not now b e m ad e c ert ain O f course .

there may h ave b een an error i n th e un offi cial account s

publishe d .

Mr W Rim in . gtonwonth e Champio ns gold m e d al with

.
’

t h e high e st s co re a s th ere wa s a ti e i npoin

, t s b et weenh i m
an d C apt ain C H Fi sh er e ach h avin . .g wen4 poin t s Mr
, . .

W Rimingt onwon 1 point f or s core at 1 00 yard s 1 p oint

.
,

f or s core at 60 y ard s an d 2 p o in t s f or gro s s s core C apt ain

,
.

C H Fi sh er won2 poin
. . t s f or s core and hit s at 8 0 yard s ,

an d 2 f or m o st tot al hit s Mr E A Holm e s won1 p oin . t f or . . .

 P U B L I C A R CH E R Y M E E TI N GS 20 1

hit s at 60 y ard s , a nd Mr . O K Pres cot on

. e poin
. t f or hit s at

1 00 yard s .

1 00 Yards 80 Yards 60 Yards To r u s

H i ts S c o re H i ts Score H i ts Sc ore H i ts

Mr W R i mi n
.
gto n .

Mr E A H olm es
. . .

Cap t ai nC H F i sh er . .

Mr H A F ord
. . .

M r G E dw ards
. .

M r O K Pre sc ot
. . .

M r H E lli o t t
. .

M r H W alron
. .d
M r C H E v ere tt
. . .

C ap tai nL e w i n, R E . .

M r H B H are
. . .

M r T L Coulson
. . .

Onthisoccasionit was d ecide d by th e Committ ee that i n

f uture th e Ch ampionhon ours at their meetin gs should b e
decid e d by gro s s s core an dn ot by p o in t s A hand some silver .

c up valu e 50 g uin
, eas coll e ct e d by sm all s ub sc riptio ns fro m
,

num erou s archers was p resen t e d onJ uly 2 9 to Mr C M

, . . .

Ca ld e cott of Holbrooke G ran, ge near Rugby who h ad acte d , ,

f or m a n y years as judge at the se m eetin gs .

O nly thirty si x l adies and s ixty nin e g en

-
tlem en s hot at -

t hi s m eetin g .

Th e S ev enth Gran d West ernAr chery Meetin g was h eld i n

Mr . P ars ons groun d s at Bitt on ne ar T eign
’
mouth onAu gust , ,

4 and 5 , 1 8 69 .

60 Yards 50 Yards Toru s

L A D IES
H i ts Sc o re H i ts S c ore

M i s s R i p le y l
76 39 0 46 l 2 70 122
Mrs Ki n . ah an 86 41 2 36 1 76 122
20 2 A R CH E R Y

100 Yards 80 Yards 60 Yards To ru s

G EN TLE MEN

H its S c o re H i ts H i ts Sc o re H its Sc ore

M r C H E v ere t t
. . .

M r R Pri c e
. .

M r H W a lron
. d.

M r J en
. ner F u st -

C olone l M F W ard . .

Mi s s Ripley and Mr R Pric e b e c am e Ch am pion

. . es s a nd
Ch am pionof th e We s t .

Sixty -
two ladies and thirty nine gentlem enshot -
.

S ev ent een
Th e th G rand L eam ingtonand Midland Arch ery
Meeting wa s h eld i nth e J eph s onG ard ens onJ une 1 5 and 16 ,

1 8 70 .

60 Yards 50 Yards To ru s

L A D I ES

H i ts S c ore H i ts Score S core

M rs . W B u tt . 93 52 5 44 260 1 37 78 5
M rs . Vi lli ers F orb e s 86 45 4 43 22 7 129 68 1
Mi ss H H u t c hi n
. son 83 40 3 44 2 32 1 27 635
M rs . H o rn i b low 83 38 9 44 2 36 127 62 5
M rs . E L i st er
. 83 365 44 2 32 127 59 7
Mi ss J oanL e y 76 32 6 41 22 3 1 17 5 39

10 0 Yards 80 Yards 60 Yards Toru s

G E N TLE ME N

H i ts Sc ore H i ts Sc o re H its Sc ore

M r H E lli ot t
. .

M r J en
. ner F u s t -

M r B e th am
.

M r O K Pre s c ot
. . .

Colon el M F W ard . .

M r W F H e i dem an
. . .

Ca p t ai nL e wi n, R E . .

Mr W B utt
. .

M r T L Coul so n
. . .
20 4 A R CH E R Y

60 Yards TO TA LS
A
L D I ES

Sc ore Sco re

M rs . H orn i b low
M rs . V F orb e s
.

M rs . W B u tt .

M rs . E L i s ter
.

M i ss H H u t c hi n
. s on
M rs . P Pi n
. ckn ey
M i ss Hw e
M i ss J oanL ey
M i ss R i p ley
M rs . J R Th om s on
. .

Mrs H ornib low b e c am e th e Ch ampio n

. e ss by high e s t gro s s

s core poin
. t s h app en Th e
e d to be e qually divided b et ween
h er and Mrs W Butt . . .

1 00 Yards 80 Yards 60 Yards TO TALS

H i ts Sc ore

M r E A H olm e s
. . .

Cap tainC H F i s h er . .

M r C H E v e re tt
. . .

Mr W alf ord
.

Mr . WB u tt .

Mr E L ey
. .

Mr O K Pre s c ot
. . .

Mr B e t h am
.

Colonel M F W ard . .

M r W F H ei de m an
. . .

MrE A Holme s bec ame th e Championwith th e highe st

. . .

s c ore u nder th e rule p a sse d i n 1 8 69 ab olishing poin ts H e .

would h ave b e com e ch ampionby on e third of a poin t -

.

Th e av erage of th e shootin g at this m eetin g was un u s u ally

good am on g st th e g entl emen be ing 7 5 1 5 for th e first ten ,
.

Mr H A Fo rd wa s p re sen
. t but did n
. ot s hoot
.
,
.

Th e we ath er was e xce ss ively hot .

S h ot nly
o 15 arrow s at 60 yards th e fi rst day .
 P U B L I C A R CH E R Y M E E TI N GS 20 5

three ladie s an
E ighty d s e v en
-
ty nine g entlem ensh ot -
.

G ood scores w ere m ad e by Mr E A Holm e s C apt ain . . .

C H Fi s h er
. . an d Mr W alford onJ uly 2 3 i nth e .
,

h andic ap m atch .

Th e E ighth Gran d West e

rnArch e ry Me eting was he ld i n
th e grounds at Bitton near T e ign
,
m outh onJ uly 2 7 and 28 , ,

1 870 .

50 Yards Toru s

L AD IE S

H i ts Sc ore H i ts S core H i ts Sc ore

Mi ss M . L o c k y er 2 35 1 36 69 8
Mrs V . . F orb e s 27 5 128 68 2
M rs P . . Pi n ck n ey 249 1 30 652
M i ss J . L ey 2 63 1 30 6 50
1 25 6 45
M i s s H H u tc h i ns on. 249 1 23 5 69
M rs J R Th om s on
. . . 20 5 1 22 5 48

1 00 Yards 60 Yards Toru s

Hi ts Score

Capt ai nC H F i s h er . .

M r H W alron
. .d
M r B e th am
.

M r O K Pre s c ot
. . . .

Mr E N S n
. ow
. .

M r W R i mi n
.
gto n
Mr Pnc e
.

Colon el M F W ard . .

Mis s M Lockyer . a nd Mr Walrond bec am e Ch ampion

. es s

and Championof th e We st .

Sixty th -
re e l adi es a nd forty three gentlemenshot
-
.

Th e E ight eenth Grand L e amingtonand Midl and Archery

M ee ting was h eld i nth e J e ph s onG ard ens onJ une 1 4 and 1 5 ,

1 871 .
20 6 A R CH E R Y

60 Yards 50 Yards Toru s

L AD IES
H i ts S c ore H i ts Sc ore S c ore

M rs . H orn i b low 89 50 3 47 26 5 1 36 7 68
M rs . V F orb e s
. 77 431 48 2 68 12 5 699
M rs . W B u tt . 83 40 3 44 2 40 127 643
M rs . E L i s t er
. 76 368 45 22 1 121 58 9
M ISS J oanL ey 76 348 46 2 18 1 22 5 66
M rs . P B e c h er
. 71 32 9 42 1 76 1 13 50 5

60 Ya rds To ru s

G E N TLE MH N

H i ts S co re H i ts Score Hi t s Sc ore H i ts Sc ore

Cap tai nC H F i sh er . . 356 72 340 45 22 1 20 5 917

M r T L Coulson
. . . 76 29 6 74 29 4 45 22 5 195 815
M r J en
. ner F u st -
58 2 28 71 30 5 44 2 22 1 73 7 55
M r C H E ve re t t
. . . 61 22 7 63 2 59 40 210 1 64 696
M r G L A s t on
. . . 69 28 7 54 206 38 1 94 1 61 68 7
M r F To w nse n
. . d 59 2 09 66 28 4 35 1 67 1 60 660
M r W B u tt
. . 47 1 57 66 29 0 41 1 97 1 54 644
M r H E lli ott
. . 49 1 93 61 2 31 44 2 04 1 54 62 8

T wenty three l adie s and thirty si x gen

-
tlemenshot -
.

During all these eight een L eamington m eeting s Mr N . .

Merridew act e d as S ecret ary an d Man ag e r and Mr C M , . . .

C alde c ott as J udge .

Th e T wen ty eighth G ran d N ation al Arch e ry

-
Society s ’

Mee tin g wa s held onth e C ollege C ricket groun d at Chelt en ham -

, ,

onJ un e 2 8 an d 29 1 8 71 , .

At thi s m eetin g th e sys t em of p oin t s f or th e s el ection of

th e Ch am pion an d Champion e s s wa s rei n t roduc e d an d Mrs , .

H orn i b low b e c am e th e Ch ampi on es s with all th e poin t s exc ept ,

th at Mrs V F orb es and Mrs E yre W Hu ssey tie d h er i n

. . . .

hit s at 5 0 yard s with 47 hit s Thi s score of 7 46 wa s th e b e st

,
.

m d M rs H orn i b lo w s owns core of 7 0 0 at B ath i n1 8 7 0

'

y e t a e ,
.

b ei ng th e n ext b es t .
20 8 A R CH E R Y

60 Yards 50 Yards Toru s

L A D IES

H its S c ore H i ts Sc ore Sc ore

M rs . W B u tt . 86 438 47 275 1 33 713

M rs . H orn i b low 80 39 6 2 56 126 6 52
M rs . E y re W H u s s ey . 80 39 2 46 248 1 26 640
Mi ss R i p le y 335 47 2 51 1 22 58 6
Mi ss B e th am 76 340 43 217 1 19 557
M rs . V F orb e s
. 79 349 40 1 88 1 19 5 37
M rs . J R Th om s on
. . 69 31 5 38 2 08 107 523
M rs . Ki n a h an 70 2 88 43 22 3 1 13 50 1

80 Yards 60 Yards TOTA LS

G Ee E MEx

H i ts Sc ore H i ts S c ore H i ts S c ore H its Score

Cap t ai nC H F i sh er . .

M r H E lli ot t
. .

M r C H E v ere t t
. . .

M r H W alro n
. d.

M r T L Cou ls on
. . .

Ca pt ai nL e w i n, R E
. .

M r W a lf ord
.

M r B P G re gs o n
. . .

M r J en. ne r F u st -

Mr R Butt. . ct ed as H on S e cret ary to the se m eetin

a . gs
from 1 8 67 to 1 8 7 1 in clu sive .

Ninth Gran
Th e d We s t ernArchery Meeting was held at
Bittonn e ar T e ign
, mouth onAugu st 2 an d 3 1 8 7 1 wh enfi f ty , , ,

four l adies and thirty fi ve gen tlemenshot -

.

60 Yards To ru s

L AD I ES
H i ts S c ore H i ts

M i ss R i p le y 86 45
M rs . V F o rb e s
. 75 44
M rs . L etts 68 39
M rs . P Pi n
. ck ney 70 31 8 37
 P U B L I C A R CH E R Y M E E TI N GS 20 9

10 0 Ya rds 80 Yards 60 Ya rds TO TA LS

G Ee E II Ex

H its S c o re H i ts S core S c ore H its Sc ore

M r H W a lron
. d . 66 296 68 328 45 227 1 79 8 51
A dm i ral A L ow e . 79 353 59 2 65 36 1 80 1 74 7 98
M r R Pri c e
. . 73 28 3 68 2 88 42 226 1 83 79 7
Cap t a i nC H F i sh er . . 73 29 3 66 30 2 39 171 1 78 7 66
M r C H E v erett
. . . 58 2 56 57 2 43 38 2 36 1 53 7 35
M r T L Coulson
. . . 70 2 68 56 2 08 38 1 64 1 64 640

Mis s Ripley nd
a Mr Walron
. d be c ame Ch ampiones s a nd
Championof th e West .

Nin
Th ee t e enth Grand L eamin gt onan d Midlan d Archery
Meet ing was held i nth e J eph sonG ard ens onJ u ne 1 2 and 13 , ,

1 872 .

60 Yards 50 Yards TO TAL S

L AD IES
I H i ts S c o re H its S c ore Sc ore

M rs . H orn i blow 88 47 0 46 2 42 1 34 712

1 M rs . Ki nah an l 90 43 2 37 1 33 67 1
Mrs . V F orb e s
. 82 48 276 1 30 666
M rs . E L i s te r
. 81 46 22 6 127 60 7

100 Yards 80 Yards l 60 Yards TO TA LS

GE e ms x
I-

S c ore H i ts S core H i ts lSc o re H i ts Sc ore

Cap t ai nC H F i s h e r . .

M r H S agar
. .

M r G E S F ry er
. . . .

Mr G L A s t on
. . .

M r B e th am
.

M r W F ord
. .

M r H E lli ott
n
. .

Mr T L Cou ls o
. . .

M r B P G re gs on
. . .

Cap t ai nL e w i n, R E . .

M r O K Pre s c o t
. . .

E ight eenladies and thirty -

two gentlem enshot .
zI o A R CH E R Y

Fourt een
Th e th Gran d An nu al C ry st al P alace Archery
Meeting was he ld onJ uly 1 1 and 1 2 1 872 ,
.

60 Yards 50 Yards TO TALS

L AD IES
I
H its Sc ore H i ts Sc ore Sc ore

Mrs . J R Th o m son
. 47 26 1 1 28 604
M rs . P Pm c k n
. ey 46 2 08 1 18 536
Mi ss R i pley 40 2 00 1 09 499

80 Yards TOTALS
G EN TLE M EN

Sc ore

M r H S agar
. . 52 2 14 73 335 41 197 1 66 7 46
1 Cap tai nC H F i s h e . . 74 2 58 67 211 45 22 5 1 86 69 4
M r G E S F ry e r
. . . . . 59 195 63 28 9 41 201 1 63 68 5
M r H E lli ott
. . 55 20 7 56 222 41 193 1 52 62 2

Thirty -
si x ladie s and thirty three g entlemenshot
-
.

T wen
Th e ty n inth Gran d N ation al Archery Socie ty s
-
’

M eeting was h eld i nth e ground s of th e C ollege at Chelt enh am

, ,

onJ u ne 2 6 and 27 1 8 72 , .

60 Yards 50 Y a rds To ru s

L AD I ES

H i ts Sc ore Sc ore

M rs . H orn i b low 88 39 4 48 2 66 1 36 660

Mrs . J R Th om son
. . 80 37 2 45 2 33 125 60 5
M rs . Ki n ah an 75 365 46 2 16 12 1 58 1
M rs . E L i s t er. 75 32 7 41 2 43 1 16 570
Mi ss H H u tc h i n
. s on a 72 32 0 45 2 39 117 559
M rs . A c klom 73 31 7 41 20 1 1 14 51 8

Mrs H orni b low . wonth e s ilver b rac er h aving ,

se cure d all

th epoi nt s .

C apt ain C H Fisher b ec ame Cham pion with highe st . .

gros s score a s h e wa s a ti e with Mr B eth am for poin

, t s each .
,

h aving 4 C apt ainFisher h aving hit s an

—
d s c ore at 80 y ard s
2 12 A R CH E R Y

Mrs P P inckney . . nd Mr Price be c ame Championes s and

a .

Cham pionof th e We st .

No L eamin gton Ar chery Meeting was h eld i n 1 8 7 3 as ,

th e Gran d N ational Arch ery S ocie ty s Mee ting was held i n ’

L eamingtoni nth e course of th e year .

Fifteen
Th e th Gran d An nual C ryst al P alace Archery
Meeting was held onJ uly 9 and 10 1 873 ,
.

60 Yards 50 Yards
L ‘
A D I I-
s

H i ts S c ore H i ts Sc ore

Mrs . P Pi n . ck n ey 88 468 47 2 61 1 35 7 29
Mrs . H orn i b lo w 89 47 7 46 242 1 35 719
M rs . Pi ers F L e gh . 84 39 8 46 244 1 30 642
M i ss H H u tch i n
. s on 73 31 7 46 2 34 1 19 55 1
M i ss R i p le y 77 32 9 39 22 1 1 16 550
M rs . M ay h e w 79 345 35 1 79 1 14 52 4
M rs . M B arn . ard 78 334 38 1 72 1 16 50 6

100 Yards 80 Yards Toru s

G Ee EM E x

H its S core H its S c ore H i ts H i ts Sc o re

Mr . C H E v e re t t
. .

Mr . G E S F ry er
. . .

Mr . H H P alai re t
. .

Mr . H Sagar .

Mr . T B oult o n
.

Mr . B e t h am
Mr . B P G re gs on
. .

Mr . T L Cou ls on
. .

Mr . A H en
. ty
Dr . R H arri s
.

Forty four la die s and t wenty sevengentlemensho t

- -
.

Maj or L e winact e d as H on S ecret ary to the s e meetings i n .

1 872 and 1873 .

 P U B LI C A R CH E R Y M E E TI N G S 2 13

A Grand Arch ery Meetin g h eld onthe C ricket groun d was -

of th e Al exandra P ark Comp any Mu swell Hill n ear Horn se y , , ,

onJ uly 1 7 an d 1 8 1 873 , .

60 Yards 50 Yards Toru s

LAD IES
H i ts S c ore Hi t s Sc ore H i ts Sc ore

M rs . H orn i b low 90 47 2 73 1 37 7 33
M i ss H H u t c hi n
. s on 77 343 45 2 39 1 22 58 2
M rs . P Pi n ck n
. ey 73 32 1 47 2 53 1 20 574
Mi ss B e th am 73 365 40 198 113 563
Mrs . Pi ers F L egh . 76 330 44 22 8 1 20 558

1 00 Yards 80 Y ards 60 Yards To ru s

GEN TLEM EN
H i ts Sc ore H i ts Score H i ts S c ore

Mr H H Palai ret . .

M aj or C H F i sh er . .

M r G E S F ry er
. . . .

Mr C H E v ere tt
. . .

M r H S agar
. .

Admi ral A L ow e .

Mr T B oult on
. .

M r B e t h am
.

M r G L A S ton
.
'
s . 0

M r R B rai th w ai te
. .

Mr T Aldred h ad th e m an
. agem en
. t of th is m eeting .

T hirty -
se e v nl adies and thirty fou r g entlemenshot
-
.

Th e Thirtieth Grand N ational Archery S ociety s Meetin g ’

was h e ld at L e amin gt on i nMrs Wi se s ground s Shrublan ds

,
.
’
, ,

onJ uly 2 3 an d 24 1 873 , .

Mrs H orn i b low againwonth e silver b rac er with 6 poin

. ts .

Mrs P Pin
. ckn ey won th e poin
. t s f or hit s and s core at 50
yard s .

Major Fi sher bec ame Ch ampionwi th 8 5 points . Mr A . .

21 4 A R CH E R Y

Henty wonth e poi nt forhit s at 60 yard s an d Mr Fu st tie d , .

Major Fi sher f or th e point for score at 60 yard s .

60 Yards 50 Yards

H i ts S core H i ts Sc o re Hi t s Sc ore

M rs H orn. i b lo w
M i s s R i ple y
Mrs Pi ers F L egh
. .

M rs P Pi n
. ck n.ey .

M i s s IL H u t c hi n s on
Mi s s B e th a m
M rs V i lli ers F o rb e s
.

Mrs H orn . by
Mrs L ett s
.

1 00 Yards 80 Yards 60 Yards

H i ts Score H i ts Score H i ts Sc ore H i ts Score

M aj or C H F i sh er . .

M r H H Pala i re t
. . .

M r C H E v ere tt
. . .

M r T B ou lt on
. .

M r J enner F u st -

A dmi ral A L o we .

M r O K Pre s c ot
. . .

M r G E S F ry er
. . . .

M r E N Sn
. ow . .

Mr P M ui r .

Mr A H e n
. ty .

h an
I nth edic ap m atch onth e n e xt J uly Mi s s day — 25 —

Hutchinson score d 350 Mrs Horn by 31 2 Major Fis her 462 , .

, ,

Mr E verett 439 an
. d Mr F ryer 360 , . .

Sixty three ladie s and s e v en

-
ty si x gen tlemenshot at thi s -

m eeting .

Gran
Th e E lev enthd West ernArchery Meeting was h eld
i n Mr P arsons gro u d s at Bitton n
. ear T e ignmouth on’
n , ,
2 16 A R CH E R Y

1 00 Yards 80 Yards 60 Yards Toru s

H i ts S c ore H i ts Sc ore H i ts S co re H i ts Score

Mr . O K Pre sc ot
. . 350 2 79 43 195 1 98 8 24
Mr . B e th am 2 61 71 32 5 45 217 1 77 80 3
Mr . G E S F ry er
. . . 63 22 5 44 2 28 18 1 7 41 I
Mr . G L As t on
. . 211 57 22 3 41 1 99 1 55 633
Mr . H S agar . . 2 44 50 196 38 1 88 1 44 628
Ca t ai nC H G am et t . . 1 49 296 39 1 77 1 46 62 2
Co on el N orb u ry 1 40 65 2 79 45 20 1 1 54 62 0

Twenty fou ladie s -

r thi ty eight gen
r -
tlem enshot .

Th e Sixt een
th Gran d An nual Cryst al Pal ace Ar chery
M eeting wa s h eld onJ uly 8 and 9 1 874 , .

60 Yards 50 Yards TOTALS

H i ts Sc ore H i ts Score H i ts Score

Mrs Pon d . 83 42 1 47 2 79 1 30
M i ss Crok e r 74 38 2 42 2 30 1 16
M rs M a y h ew
. 77 339 48 266 1 25
Mrs J F Stilw ell
. . . 75 357 44 236 1 19
M i ss H H u t chi ns on . 71 32 3 44 2 44 115
M rs M ars h all
. 83 37 5 37 189 1 20
M rs P Pi n
. ck ney . 69 31 1 46 240 115

1 00 Yards 80 Yards 60 Yards

Gm r n
m n
Hi ts Sc ore H its Score H i ts Score

R i min
W g ton . 73 32 9 78 334 46 2 50
or C H u F i Sh er . 80 32 6 74 354 42 20 6
B eth am 67 28 3 70 304 38 1 76
Mr H S agar
. . . 61 22 9 68 31 0 43 197
M r A H en ty . . 56 2 22 68 288 42 1 60
M aj or L e wi , R E n . . 53 195 57 277 35 1 61
Mr G E S F ry er
. . . . . 46 2 14 55 22 1 39 18 3

T hi ty nine l adie s an
r d forty th ree gen
-
tlemenshot -
.
 P U B L I C A R CH E R Y M E E TI N G S

Th e Twelfth Grand We s ternArchery Meeting was held at

Weym outh onJ uly 2 9 and 30 1 8 7 4 wh enfi fty two ladies and , ,
-

t hirty si x gen
-
tlemenshot .

60 Yards 50 Yards
L AD IES
H its S c ore S core Sc ore

M rs . Po n d 187 1 16 514
M rs . H o rn i b low 2 00 1 16
M rs . C B e th am
. 191 109 49 5
Mi s s B e th am 2 12 1 04 48 2
M rs . Pi ers F L e gh . 19 1 1 16 480
M i ss L ow e 1 69 103 47 5
M rs . P Pi n .ck n ey 2 30 1 08 47 4

1 00 Yards 80 Yards 60 Yards Toru s

G ENTL EME N
H i ts Sc ore H it s S c ore H i ts Sc ore H i ts S core

M aj or C H F i sh er . . 72 2 46 65 2 67 42 2 44 1 79 7 57
M r H W alron
. d
. 55 2 43 56 28 6 35 1 33 1 46 662
Mr W R im i n
.
g t o n
. 65 2 33 60 2 44 38 1 56 1 63 633
M r T L Couls on
. . . 49 195 63 29 7 34 1 22 1 46 61 4
Mr O K Pre sc ot
. . . 63 2 39 57 217 34 1 48 1 54 604

Mi s s Lowe a nd Mr H W alrond b ec ame Championess and

. .

Ch ampionof th e W e st .

Th e Thirty fi rst Grand N ation al Ar ch ery Soci e ty s M ee ting ’

-

w a s h eld onAugu s t 5 an d 6 1 8 7 4 on t h e Colle ge C ricke t , ,

g r ou n d a t Wi nch
, e s t er .

Mrs Pon d wonth e s ilver brac er with 6 poin

. t s Mrs . .

P F L e gh wonth e poin
. . t for s core at 5 0 yard s ; and Mrs .

P Pin
. ck n e y and Mrs H orn i b low divid e d th e poin t for hit s at
.

5 0 yard s .

Majo r C H Fi s her b e c am e Champion h avin

. . g se cure d all ,

t h e poin ts .

E ighty two ladies and six ty four gentlemen shot at thi s

- -

m eetin g .
2 18 A R CH E R Y

60 Yards 50 Yards Toru s

L AD IES
H i ts S c o re H i ts S c ore H i ts Sc ore

M rs Pon . d
M rs Pi e rs F L e gh
. .

M rs P Pi n
. ck n.ey
M rs H orn. i b low
M rs E Li st er
. .

M i s s M iln e
M i s s B e t h am
M i ss E M arti n .

M rs M ay h e w
.

M rs H ollan
. d

1 00 Yards 80 Yards 60 Yards To ru s

G EN TLE IB N

H i ts S c ore H i ts Score H its Sc ore Hi t s S core

M aj or C H F i sh er . . 71 289 75 331 47 2 53 1 93 873

M r C H E v e re tt
. . . 63 225 58 2 54 43 2 33 1 64 7 12
Mr G E S F ry e r
. . . . 55 213 65 29 1 41 20 5 1 61 7 09
M r B e t h am
. 60 2 34 62 2 48 41 221 1 63 70 3
M r H W alron
. d . 48 180 64 2 66 44 2 48 1 56 69 4
M r O K Pre s c o t
. . . 58 224 63 2 71 37 1 53 1 58 648
M r B P G re gs on
. . . 58 216 55 215 42 18 8 1 55 619
M r A H en
. ty . 54 1 84 60 2 44 40 1 84 1 54 61 2
Mr W R im in
.
gt o.n 57 1 79 61
i 2 41 41 19 1 1 59 61 1

I nth e h an
m atch onA ugu st 7 Mrs E Li st er s cored
dic ap , . .

35 6 Mrs Piers F L e gh 333 an

,
d Mrs H orn
. i b low 31 9 ; M ajo r .
, .

C H Fisher 443 and Mr B etham 41 8

. .
,
. .

Th e Twenty first Gran d L eamingtonan d M idl and Archery

-

Meeting was held i nth e J eph sonG ardens onJ un e 2 3 and 24 , ,

1875 .

60 Yards 50 Yards Toru s

L AD IES

H i ts Sc o re H its Score H i ts Sc ore

M rs . W B u tt . 86 422 43 235 129 6 57

M rs . P ond 82 366 44 2 58 126 62 4
M i ss M A H olli n. s . 80 360 48 2 62 1 28 62 2
M i ss H H u tch i n
.s on 82 328 41 18 1 1 23 509
M rs . H orn by 74 32 6 37 l 181 111 50 7
2 20 A R CH E R Y

60 Yards 50 Yards To ru s

L D I ESA
Hi t s Sc ore H i ts S c ore

Mi s s M A H olli ns .

M rs . H orm b low
M rs . P Pi n
. c kn ey
M rs . E L i s ter
.

Mrs . M ars h all

Mrs . Pon d
Mi ss H H u t c hi n
. s n o
Mi s s M ilne
M rs . C E H orn
. by .

Mi s s B enw e ll

Miss Hollins wont h e ilver brac er wi th 7 4

s ; point s , as sh e

divid ed th e point for hit s at 5 0 yard s with Mrs Lis te r . .

1 00 Yards 80 Yards 60 Yards

G E N TLE MKN

Sc ore S c ore S c ore

M r G E S F ry er
. . . .

Mr W R i m i n g t o n.

M aj or C H F i sh e r . .

M r B P G regson
. . . .

M r B e th am
.

M r H H Palai ret
. . . .

M r Pi e rs F L egh
. . .

M r A T D B e rri n
. .
gton . .
‘
.

M r C H E v ere tt
. . . .

M r H W alron
. d .

M r W B u tt
. .

Mr F ryer be c am e Championw ith 6 poin

. ts . Mr Rim in
. gt on
wonth e poin t for hit s an d s c ore at 1 00 y ard s ; M r B etham .

th e poin t f or hit s at 60 y ard s ; and Mr Butt th e poi n t f or s core .

at 60 yard s .

E ighty four ladies and seventy two gentlem enshot at thi s

- -

m eetin g .

Thi rt een
Th e th Grand WesternArchery Me etin g was held
at B itton n e ar T e i gn
mouth onA ugu st 1 1 an
, d 1 2 1 8 7 5 wh en , , ,

forty sevenladies an
-
d twenty sevengentlem enshot -
.
 P U B L I C A R CH E R Y AI E E TI N G S 22 1

60 Yards 50 Yards TOTA LS

M rs H o sk en
.

10 0 Yards 80 Yards 60 Yards To ru s

GEN TL E ME N
H its S c o re H i ts Sc ore H i ts Sc ore H i ts Sc ore

M r W R i min g t o.n 74 28 6 81 38 1 47 2 59 2 02 92 6
M aj or C H F i sh er . . 77 289 77 341 40 20 6 1 94 8 36
M r G E S F ry er
. . . . 72 290 63 29 7 38 1 90 1 73 77 7
M r H W a lron
. d
. 64 2 74 65 275 40 1 98 1 69 7 47
Mr H H Palai ret
. . . 60 236 68 31 6 34 1 50 1 62 7 02
M r H Sagar
. . 65 2 53 56 2 42 37 1 69 1 58 664
M r G ran
. t D alt o n 45 171 59 2 57 43 2 03 147 631

Mrs H o sk enand Mr Walron

. d bec am e Champione ss . a nd
Ch ampionof th e West .

Major Fi s her s core d 442 an d Mr Palai ret 42 4 i n th e , .

,

h andic ap m atch onth e following day Augu st 1 3

— .

T wen
Th e ty second Grand L eamin gton an d Midlan
-
d
Archery Me etin g was held onJ une 2 1 an d 22 1 876 , .

T wenty n ine l a die s and thirty four gen

-
tlem ens hot -
.

60 Yards 50 Yards Toru s

L D IES A
Hi ts Sc ore H i ts Sc ore H its Sc ore

M rs . W B u tt
.

M rs . H orn i b low
M rs . Po n d
M rs . Pi ers F L e gh .

Mi s s H H u tc h i n
. so n
Mrs . E L i s t er
.

Mi s s M A H olli n
‘

. s .

M rs . H orn by
M rs . Ki n ah an
222 A R CH E R Y

1 00 Yards 80 Yards 60 Yard s Tor u s

Ga s m a n
H i ts Sc ore H i ts Sc ore Hi t s Sc o re H i ts Sc ore

Mr C H E v erett
. . . 94 364 70 348 39 185 2 03 8 97
Mr . G L As t on
. . 65 243 66 288 45 209 1 76 7 40
Mr . W F ord . 66 230 71 31 3 41 18 5 1 78 7 28
Mr . W B u tt . 42 1 74 64 2 76 46 240 1 52 690
Mr . W Porte r . 52 20 4 51 191 44 208 147 60 3

Mr C H E verett scored 451

. . . o nJ une 2 3 i nth e h andicap
m atch .

E ight eenth Grand An

Th e nual Crystal P alace Arch ery
Meeting was h eld onJ une 2 8 an
d 29 1 8 7 6 , .

60 Yards 50 Y ards To ru s

A
L D IES

Hi t s S c ore H its Sc o re S c ore

M rs . W B u tt .

M rs . Kin ah an
M rs . M arsh a ll
M rs . Po n d
M i ss B e re ns
M i ss Crok er
M rs . D Ai n . s w ort h

M rs . Pi ers F L egh .

Mi ss F olle tt

1 00 Y ards 80 Yards 60 Yards TOTALS

G EN TLEII EN

M r C H E v eret t
. . 77 333 69 28 3 45 209 19 1 8 25
M aj o r C H F i sh er . . 65 29 1 66 294 40 1 76 a 171 7 61
M r J R o gers
. . . 67 2 29 66 2 64 43 2 13 176 706
M r W R i mi n
.
g t on. 69 2 59 72 2 74 34 1 40 1 75 67 3
M r E yre W H u s s e y
. . 46 1 78 56 2 40 41 207 1 53 62 5

Thirty nine l a di es and thirty - -

five gen
tlem enS hot .
2 24 A R CH E R Y

60 Yards 50 Yards Toru s

L A D Im

H i ts Sc ore Hi t s S c ore S core

M rs . Pi e rs F L egh . 86 368 46 2 66 1 32 634

M i ss E Pi n . ckn ey 81 345 45 213 1 26 5 58
M rs . H orn i b low 78 31 6 45 223 123 539
M rs . Ka ne 65 28 9 47 233 1 12 5 22
M rs . E Li s t er
. 63 271 40 2 16 1 03 48 7

100 Ya rds 80 Yards 80 Yards To r u s

H i ts Sc o re Hit s Sc o re H i ts Sc o re H i ts 1 S c ore

M r H H Palai re t
. . 64 2 34 64 302 45 22 9 1 73 7 65
C H E v erett
. . 69 271 59 229 44 2 04 1 72 7 04
H W alron
. d 55 20 1 62 2 50 46 2 36 1 63 87
J Penros e
. 56 2 10 63 2 59 44 1 98 1 63 67
M r: H B H are
. . 44 1 60 65 28 5 36 1 72 1 45 17
P F L e gh
. 49 1 69 57 2 31 39 193 1 45

E Pinckney and
Mi ss . Mr Palai ret b ec am e Ch am pion
. ess

and Ch am pionof th e Wes t .

Twen
Th e ty thi rd G ran d L e amin gtonand Midland Arch ery
-

Meetin g was held onJ un e 2 7 an d 28 1 877 Forty ladie s and ,

t wenty sevengen tlemenshot

-
.

60 Yards 50 Yards To r u s

L AD IES
1 H i ts S c ore H i ts S c ore Sc ore

M rs W B u tt
. .

M i s s M A H olli n s
. .

M rs Ki n . ah an
M rs Pi ers F L e gh
. .

M i s s L e gh
M rs D A i n
. s w ort h
.

M rs A c klom
.

M rs E L i s ter
. .

M i s s H H u t c h in. so n
 P U B L I C A R CH ER Y M E E TI N GS

1 00 Ya rds 80 Y ards 60 Yards TOTA LS

G E N TLEM EN

H its Sc ore H i ts Sc ore H i ts Sc ore Hi t s Sc ore

M r H H Palai re t . . 66 2 62 77 363 41 213 184 8 38

M aj or C H F i sh e r . . 77 2 99 72 28 6 44 2 42 193 82 7
M r H E lli ot t
. . . 58 220 59 247 37 18 5 1 54 6 52

Mrs . W Butt . s core d 36 5 o n J une 2 9 i n th e h andic ap

m atch .

Th e Ninet e enth Gran d An nual C ryst al P alac e Archery

Me eting wa s held onJ uly 1 2 and 1 3 1 877 F orty si x l a di e s ,
-

and forty g entlemenshot .

60 Yards 50 Yards TO TA LS

H its S c ore H i ts Sc ore Sc ore

M rs W B u t t
. . 91 477 45 2 41 1 36 718
M rs Ki n
. ah an 87 439 45 22 1 1 32 6 60
84 37 2 48 2 66 1 32 638
M rs . M arsh all 83 35 9 45 2 61 1 28 62 0
Mrs . Pi e rs F L e gh . 80 35 6 47 251 1 27 60 7
M rs . P Pi n ck n
. ey 77 31 7 44 2 66 12 1 58 3
M rs . Kane 79 38 5 40 198 1 19 58 3
M rs . H ul se 2 97 43 22 1 1 08 51 8

1 00 Yards 80 Yards 60 Yards To ru s

G EN TL E MEN

H i ts Sc ore Hi t s Sc ore H i ts Score

M aj or C H Fi s h er . .

M r P Pi n
. .ck n ey
Mr H H Palai ret
. . .

M r W R i mi n
.
gt
. o n
M r E N Sn
. .ow .

M r H S a gar
. .

M r H W alron
. . d
M r J R oge rs
.

M aj or L e w i n, R E . .
22 6 A R CH E R Y

Th e Thirty fourth Gran d N ational Arch ery S ociety s

-
’

Meet ing was held at Donc ast er onth e R ac e course onAugu st , ,

8 a nd 9 , 1 877 .

60 Yards 50 Yards TO T AL S
L D I ESA
H its S c ore H its S c ore S c ore

M rs . W B u tt
. 80 41 4 46 2 62 1 26 67 6
Mi ss M A H olli n
. s
. 37 6 42 220 1 26 59 6
1 M rs . D Ai n. s w ort h 73 32 7 45 2 53 1 18 58 0
M rs . H orn i b low 72 31 6 46 2 44 1 18 5 60
M rs . E L i s t er
. 70 32 0 42 2 16 1 12 51 6
M rs . M arsh all 75 31 9 46 188 12 1 50 7
M rs . P i e rs F L e gh . 73 31 1 44 196 1 17 50 7

Mrs Butt wonth e . ilver brace r with poin t s Mi s s s .

Hollins wonth e point f or hit s at 60 yard s and m ad e anequal ,

numb er of gross hit s with Mrs Butt ; and Mrs H orni b low . .

made th e same num ber of hit s at 50 yard s aSMrs Butt

'

. .

1 00 Yards 80 Yards 60 Y ards TO TA LS

G E NTL E ME N
I I
H i ts S c ore Hi ts Sc ore Hi t s ! S c ore H i ts S co re

Mr . WR im in
.
gt on 55 227 70 29 0 38 186 1 63 703
1 Mr . H H P alai re t
. . . 46
.
1 70 61 2 59 40 2 20 1 47 649
Mr . B e th a m 54 2 42 54 20 6 41 1 79 1 49 62 7
Mr . G E S F ry er
. . . . 58 22 2 53 22 9 39 1 59 1 50 610

Mr W Rim ingt onb e c am e Ch ampionwith 7 poin

. . ts . Mr .

B eth am wonth e 2 poin t s for sc ore at 1 00 yard s and hit s at 60

yard s ; Mr F ryer th e point for hit s at 1 00 yard s ; an
. d Mr .

Palai ret th e poi n t f or s c ore at 60 yard s .

I nth e h an dic ap m atch onth e n e xt day — Augu st 1 0 —

Mrs .

Butt s core d 44 hit s 2 8 0 s o and 2 4 hit s 1 5 4 s o ,68 hit s .

, .
,

434 sc an d Mi s s Hollin
.
,
s 36 2 Mr Palai re t s c ore d 400 . . .

Th e we ath er on th e two fi rs t d ays at this m ee ti n g was

m o s t un s uit abl e .

F orty four l adie s and fi fty four gen

-
tlem en att ende d thi s -

meeti n g .
2 28 A R CH E R Y

1 00 Yards 60 Yards TOTALS

G EN TLE ME N

Score H i ts S c ore H i ts Sc ore H its Sc ore

M aj or C H F i s h er . . 359 73 30 7 41 183 197

M r C H E v eret t
. . . 29 8 68 31 0 44 2 02 1 94
M r B e th am
. 2 78 61 277 29 1 61 1 60
M r G L A s t on
. . . 1 99 65 2 31 44 214 1 64
M r W Y a t e s F o ot
. . 1 63 61 223 43 22 3 1 41

OnJ une h andic ap m atch Mi ss Hollins s c ored

2 8 , i nth e ,

38 7 , a nd Mr . C H E verett 460
. . .

T wen
Th e tieth Gran d Annual C ry st al P alac e Arch ery
Meeting was held onJ uly 1 0 and 1 1 1 8 7 8 ,
.

60 Yards 50 Y ards Toru s

L AD I ES

Hi t s Sc ore H i ts l S c ore

M rs M arsh all
. 90 482 43 2 17 1 33 699
M rs H orn
. i b lo w 86 418 47 241 1 33 6 59
M rs D Ain
. s w orth
. 37 0 43 2 41 127 61 1
M rs Pi e rs F L e gh
. . 78 354 46 2 44 1 24 59 8
M i s s M Pro th ero e . 71 347 42 180 1 13 52 7
M i s s E lli s 69 31 7 33 2 00 10 7 51 7
M rs B eren . s ( 71 32 1 40 1 88 111 5 09
Mi s s B e n w ell 2 98 46 204 1 14 50 2

1 00 Yards 80 Ya rds 60 Ya rds To ru s

GEN TLEMEN

H i ts S c ore H its S c ore H i ts Sc ore H i ts Sc ore

M r H H Palai re t
. . 75 2 99 76 38 2 47 2 47 1 98 928
Mr W l ing t o u. 67 30 5 73 32 9 44 216 184 8 50
M aj or C H F i s h er .
, 78 30 8 56 2 18 46 244 180 770
M r W alron
. d 58 1 98 57 26 1 44 2 34 1 59 69 3
M r G W Ch apm an
. . . 46 1 76 67 30 5 39 2 03 1 52 684
M r B e t h am
. 57 2 19 65 2 51 36 2 10 1 58 680
M r O K Pre sc ot
. . . 75 30 1 55 227 i 35 1 31 1 65 6 59
M r C H E v ere tt
. . . 2 44 57 2 53 1
34 1 62 1 55 65 9

Thi ty r -
se e v nladie s and thi rty four g entlem ens hot
-
.
 P UB L I C A R CH E R Y M E E TI N GS 2 29

Th e Thirty fi fth Grand National Ar chery Society s Meetin

-
g ’

wa s h eld onJ uly 2 4 and 2 5 1 8 7 8 at Tunbridge Well s onth e , , ,

C ricket gro und -

.

50 Yards Toru s

Sc ore

M rs . M arsh all 87 42 5 45 2 67 1 32 692

Mrs . H orn i b low 86 40 6 46 22 6 1 32 632
M rs . Pi ers F . L e gh 85 36 7 44 2 46 129 61 3
Mi ss L egh 79 369 42 1 86 12 1 55 5
Mi ss M A H olli n. . S 78 344 42 1 90 1 20 5 34
M rs . D Ai n .s w o rt h 79 31 9 42 196 12 1 515
M rs . E L i s t er
. 71 29 7 39 1 99 1 10 496

Mrs Marsh all . ilver brac er with 6 poin t s ; Mrswonth e s .

H orni b low h aving wonth e point for hit s at 50 yard s an d tie d ,

with Mrs Marshall f or gros s hit s. .

1 00 Yards 80 Yards 60 Yards Toru s

Hi t s S c ore H i ts Sc ore H i ts Sc ore Hi t s S core

M r H H Palai re t
. . .

M r O L e i gh Clare
. .

Mr W R i m in
.
gt on.

M r C H E v ere tt. .

M aj or 0 H F i sh er . .

M r B e t h am
.

M r E yre W H u ss e y
. .

M r W alron
. d .

M r A H en
. ty .

Mr G E S F ry e r
. . . .

M r G W Ch apm an
. . .

Mr Palai ret b e c am e Champion h avin

. g won 7 points , .

Mr Clare
. poin t for hit s at 8 0 yard s an
won th e d Mr , .

Rim i ngtonwonth e poin t s for hit s and s core at 60 y ard s .

Inth e h an dic ap m atch onth e ext day J uly 2 6 Mrs

n — — .

P iers F L e gh s cored 360 an d Mr Rim in gt on40 1

“

. . .
,

Sixty two ladie s an d fi ft y si x gen

-
tlemen shot at thi -

m eetin g .
2 30 A R CH E R Y

Sixt een
Th e th Grand Wes ternArch ery Society s Meetin g ’

was h eld at Weym outh onA ug ust 7 an d 8 1 8 7 8 onth e , , ,

ground of th e Weym outh Archery Soc ie ty .

60 Yards
L AD IES
S c ore

M rs H orn i b lo w
.

M rs C E N e sh am
. . .

M rs Pi ers F L e gh
. .

100 Yards 60 Yards To ru s

GENTLEMEN

H its Sc ore S core Sc ore H i ts

Mr . W alrond . 56 2 28 73 32 7
Mr . H . H Pala i re t . . 70 2 78 76 328
Mr . A M e yri c k
. 45 1 65 63 2 61
Mr . P i ers F L e gh . 55 2 19 58 2 42
Mr . E N Sn
. ow . 54 200 57 223
Mr . C H E v ere tt
. . 68 2 54 53 1 93

OnAugu st 9 , i nth e h andic ap m atch Mrs P iers F L egh , . .

m ade 31 5 a nd Mrs H orni b low 31 4

. .

Twenty fi fth Gran

Th e d L e amingt onan d Midlan d Archery -

Meeting was he ld i nth e J eph sonG arden s onJ u ne 2 5 and 26 ,

1 879 .

Thi rty ladies and twenty -

fi ve gentlemenshot .

60 Yards 50 Yards To ru s

L AD I ES
Sc ore H i ts Sc ore Hi t s S c ore

Mr Pi ers F L e gh
s. . 89 455 48 2 88 1 37 7 43
M i ss M A H olli n s . . 84 43 20 7 127 61 5
M rs E Li s t er. . 74 35 6 44 2 08 1 18 5 64
M rs H ulse . 77 32 7 40 2 08 1 17 5 35
M i s s E D ; Pry c e . 60 28 2 42 22 2 1 02 504
M rs B u tt 1
. 45 2 45 23 1 19 68 364

1
Mrs . B u tt sh o t o n
ly n th e
o fi rst day of th e m eet i n
g o ne h alf
-
th e
Nati on
al R o und .
2 32 A R CH E R Y

Th e Thirty si xth Grand N ational Arch ery Socie ty s Me e tin

-
g ’

wa s h e ld onAugu st 6 an d 7 1 8 7 9 at Che lten h am on th e , , ,

College C ricket groun d -

.

1 60 Yards 50 Yards TO TAIs

L AD ms
H i ts Sc ore H i ts Sc ore H i ts Sc ore

Mrs M ars h all

.

M rs Pi ers F L egh
. .

M rs B u tt
.

M rs E L i st er
. .

M i s s M A H o lli n s
. .

Mrs H u ls e
.

Mrs C E N e s h am
. . .

Mrs H orn . by
M i s s E M atth ew s . .

M i ss I Cart e r .

M i ss H H u t c hi nso n
.

L ady H arb e rt on

Onthi s cc asionMrs M arshall wonth e si lver bracer with

o .

th e hi gh est s c ore as sh e an d Mrs Butt each h ad 3 poin

, ts .

th e form er f or gro s s s core an d f or score at 60 y ard s and th e ,

latt er f or gro s s hit s and for hit s at 60 yard s Mrs L e gh won . .

th e po in t s f or hit s and s core at 50 yard s .

1 00 Yards 80 Yards 60 Yards TOTAIs

GEN TLEMEN
H its Sc ore H its Sc ore H its S c ore H i ts S c ore

Mr . W R i mi n
, gt on 58 2 44 64 304 43 2 51 1 65 79 9
Mr . B W alt ers
. 70 2 56 70 2 54 47 2 19 187 72 9
Mr . P S N e v i le
. . 65 249 61 2 61 43 183 1 69 69 3
Mr . W alron d 53 201 73 2 65 44 212 1 70 67 8
Mr . A T D B erri n
. .
gt o n . . 59 223 56 2 36 43 2 03 1 58 662
Mr . B et h am 66 2 56 47 187 41 20 1 1 54 644
Mr . C H E v eret t
. . 54 2 30 58 212 35 1 59 1 47 60 1

Mr W lt
. e rs b e c am e Ch a mpio
a nwith , poi nt s — g ro s s hit s 41
,

hi t s at 1 00 yard s an d at 60 yard s an d a ti e with Mr B eth am , .

f or s core at 1 00 yard s Mr Rimi n gt onwon3 poin . t s f or gro s s

.
,
 P U B L I C A R CH E R Y M E E TI N G S 2 33

s c ore and f or s core at 8 0 yard s ; an d Mr W alron d won th e .

point for hi t s at 8 0 yards .

E ighty th ree l adie s and s ixty on

-
e g entlemensh ot -
.

Mrs Butt s core d 38 1 an

. d Mrs Piers F L e gh 37 0 ; Mr ,
. . .

Walters 458 Mr B errington430 an d Mr Rimin

,
gton41 4 i n
.
, .
,

t h e h an dic ap m atch onAugu st 8 .

Th e Sixt eenth Grand West ernArch ery M eeting was he ld

T eignm o uth i n Mr P arsons gro und s onAugu st 1 3 and
’
at , .
,

1 4, 1 8 7 9 .

60 Yards 50 Yards TOTA L S

Hits
1 S c ore H i ts S c ore Sc ore
,

M rs . B u tt 89 445 47 i 299 1 36 7 44
M rs . P i e rs F L e gh . 89 469 45 2 31 1 34 7 00
M i ss I s ab e l C art e r 84 40 2 44 2 34 636
Mi ss K L ow e . 77 343 42 22 0 5 63

1 00 Yards 80 Yards 60 Yards TOTALS

G EN TL EMEN
H i ts S c o re H its S c ore H its Sc ore H its S c ore

Mr . W R i min.
gt o n 79 32 7 76 37 2 45 22 1 2 00 9 20
Mr . W alro nd 48 1 66 72 30 8 45 2 35 1 65 70 9
Mr . Pi e rs F L e gh . 53 22 5 59 2 51 39 207 1 51 68 3
Mr . C H E v e re t t
. . 71 2 73 63 2 49 36 1 52 1 70 67 4
Mr . E N Sn
. ow . 52 2 02 59 22 1 40 210 1 51 633
Mr . W Y a t e s F o ot
. 57 205 61 2 75 33 1 51 1 51 631
Mr . H Ke n
. da ll 58 21 6 59 2 47 40 1 66 1 57 629

F ty or -
si x la die s and t wenty -
se e v ngentlemensh ot .

Th e T wenty -
ixth Gran
s d L eam ingtonand Midland Arch ery
Meeting wa s held i nth e J eph sonG ard ens onJ une 2 3 and 24 ,

1 8 80 .

Thi ty r -
se e v nl adie s and thirtythre e gentlem enshot -
.
z 34 A R CH E R Y

60 Yards 50 Yards TOTA LS

H its S c ore H its Sc ore Sc ore

M rs . B u tt 80 37 8 46 28 2 1 26 660
M rs . E L i s t er 84 40 4 45 2 49 129 6 53
M rs . Pi ers F L e gh . 86 388 47 2 43 1 33 631
Mi ss L egh 78 360 42 2 46 1 30 606
Mi ss M A H olli n .s . 73 35 5 39 1 75 1 12 5 30
M i ss M All e n . 72 338 40 1 74 1 12 512

10 0 Yards 80 Yards 60 Ya rds TO TALS

G n
urmm

H its Sc ore H its S c o re H its S c ore H i ts Sc ore

Mr . W R imi ngt.o n 79 32 5 70 31 4 47 2 49 1 96
Mr . R Walt ers
. 71 251 64 31 8 39 1 77 1 74 746
Mr . J H B ri dge s
. . 64 22 8 66 2 98 41 2 13 1 71 7 39
Mr . Pi ers F L e gh . 64 2 56 57 22 3 39 187 1 60 66 6
Mr . G L A ston
. . 51 195 2 98 31 1 43 1 46 636
Mr . C E N e sh a m
. . 74 29 6 50 1 90 35 1 49 1 59 635
Mr . G O Pardo e
. . 46 1 84 27 6 37 1 69 1 47 62 9
Mr . E yre W H u s s ey . 62 2 32 54 2 12 39 1 63 1 55 60 7

I n th e h andic ap m atch on J une 2 5 M rs Piers F L e gh . .

,

Mrs E List er an
. d Mrs Butt s core d 36 7 364 an
. d 337 re
, .
, ,

s p e c ti v ely an d Mr C E Ne sh am an ,
d Mr J H B ridges 42 1. . . . . .

and 40 9 .

Twen
Th e ty s econ d Grand An nual Crys tal Palac e -
Ar ch ery
M eeting was h e ld onJ uly 1 and 2 1 8 80 , .

80 Ya rds 60 Yards I

GEN TLE MEN

Sc o re Sc ore H i ts Sc ore

Mr . W R i mi n
.
gt o n
Mr . C E N e sh am
. .

Mr . C H E v e re tt
. .

Mr . R W alt e rs
.

Mr . H Ke n dall
.

Mr . G O P ardo e
. .

Mr . E yre W H u s se y .

Mr . G G Phi lli p s
. .

P S N e v i le
. .
z 36 A R CH E R Y

1 00 Yards l 80 Yards 60 Ya rds TOTA LS

H its S core {H i t s Sc ore H i ts S co re H i ts Score

1
M r H H Pal ai re t
. . . 68 2 72 81 40 1 46 224 195 897
Mr C H E v ere tt
. . . 62 2 48 71 28 7 43 227 1 76 7 62
M r W R i mi n
.
g to n . 57 20 1 54 192 43 239 1 54 6 32
Cap t ai nM All e n . 43 1 79 58 226 45 22 7 1 46 632
M r C E N es h am
. . . 48 1 64 50 2 04 40 2 08 1 38 576
M r G G Phi lli p s
. . . 54 194 52 2 04 41 1 77 1 47 575

Sixty nine l a di es and fi fty se ven gen

-
tlem en s hot at thi s -

m ee ting Th e weath er an d t h e gro un

. d were an ything but
good .

Inth e h andic ap match o nth e next day — J uly 30 — Mrs .

Butt ’
s s core wa s
60 Yards 50 Yards
H its Sc ore H i ts S c ore

47 289 24 1 32

Mr . E vere tt
core was 47 1 ’
s s .

Thi s m eetin g wa s m ade m emorable b y th e retirem en t of

th e R ev 0 L u ard from th e offi c e of H on S e c re t ary of th e
. . .

Gran d N ati on al Arch ery Society a ft e r h avin g act e d as S e cre ,

t ary at thirty si x m eetin gs i nfact at every m ee ting hitherto

— -
, ,

e xc e pt th e fi rs t i n 1 8 44 H e was p re s ent e d with a compli .

m en t ary s croll setti ng out th e un iversal appreciationof h i s

,

se rvic es an d with a p u rse con

,
t a ining 2 00 guin ea s Mr . .

Palai ret was e le ct e d to succ e e d Mr L u ard a s H on S e c ret ary . . .

Th e S event eenth Grand We st ern Archery Meeting wa s

held at Sherborne onA ugu s t 11 a nd 1 2 , 1 880 .

60 Yards 50 Yards TOTALS

L AD I ES
Sc o re

M i s s R i p le y .

M rs D A i n . s w ort h
.

M i ss I Cart er .

M i s s E M F arri n gt.o n . .
 P U B LI C A R CH E R Y M E E TI N GS 2 37

1 00 Yards 80 Yards 60 Yards TOTA LS

G EN TLEMEN

H i ts Sc ore Hi t s Sc ore H its Sc ore H i ts Sc ore

Mr . H H Pa lai ret
. . 77 31 9 79 40 3 47 221 2 03 i 9 43
Mr . W alrond 69 30 7 61 2 65 42 1 96 1 72 7 68
Mr . C H E v ere tt
. . 82 32 2 60 2 40 41 1 99 183 7 61
Mr . O K Pre sc ot
. . 61 2 43 63 249 34 1 52 1 58 644
Mr . H P Ok e den
. . 41 18 5 56 242 39 1 91 1 36 6 18

Mi ss I Cart er nd Mr Palai ret b ec am e Ch ampion nd

‘

. a . ess a

Ch ampionof th e West .

Fifty four l adie s and thirty

- -
two gentlemenshot .

First Gran d NorthernAr chery Meeting

'

Th e wa s held at

York onS e pte mber 1 and 2 1 8 80 ,

.

60 Yards 50 Yards TO TAL S

H i ts S core Hi t s Sc ore Sc ore

Mrs Pi e rs F L egh
. .

M rs C E N e sh am
. . .

Mrs H Clark e
. .

M rs E yre W H u s s ey
. .

Mrs W Y at e s F oot
. .

Mrs D Ains w orth

. .

M rs I V
. C B oot h . . .

M rs Ki n. ah an
M i s s M A H olli n s . .

100 Y ards 80 Yards 60 Yards TOTA LS

'
‘
Hi ts Score H i ts Sc ore H i ts Sc ore

Mr . C E N e sh am
. . .

Mr . J H B ri dges
. .

Mr . P S N e vi le
. .

Mr . G L A st o n
. .

Mr . G G H ulm e
. .

Mr . G G Phi lli p s
. . .

Mr . E yre W H u s s ey .

Mr . G O P ardoe
. .
2 38 A R CH E R Y

M rs H Clarke . . nd Mr P S N evile be came Cham pioness

a . . .

and Championof th e N orth .

Fifty sevenladie s and thirty

- -
se e v ngentlem enshot .

T wen
Th e ty seven th Gran d L eamin gton an -
d Midland
Arch ery M e eting wa s held onJ une 2 2 and 23 1 88 1 , .

60 Yards 50 Yards TO T ALS

Sc ore H its Sc ore S c ore

M rs . Pi ers F L e gh . 47 1 48 252 1 35 723

M i ss L e gh 436 46 2 60 1 36 69 6
M rs . B u tt 441 45 22 5 1 32 666
Mi ss M A H olli n
. s . 36 7 46 240 1 27 60 7
M rs . H u lse 31 3 40 216 111 529
M rs . W Y at e s F oo
. 32 4 36 1 84 1 04 508
Mi ss H H u tch i n
. s on 38 2 06 95 5 03

1 00 Yards 80 Y ards 60 Y a rds TO TALS

G EN TL EM EN
H i ts S c o re H it s S c ore H i ts S c ore H i ts S c ore

Mr . C . H E v e re t t
. 79 32 7 55 2 35 43 20 7 1 77 7 69
Mr . P . F L e gh
. 70 292 70 30 2 36 1 64 1 76 7 58
Mr . C . E N e sh a m
. 74 2 68 71 30 9 41 1 71 186 7 48
Mr . E . N Sn ow
. 1 90 2 52 39 22 1 1 53 663
Mr . G . O P ardoe
. 49 2 07 61 22 5 44 216 1 54 648
Mr . O . K Pre s c o t
. 55 197 61 2 65 40 1 56 1 56 618
Mr . H . S a gar 63 2 49 49 195 34 1 60 1 46 60 4
Mr . W . F ord 53 199 58 1 28 39 1 75 1 50 602

Thirty four l adie s and thirty four gen

-
tleme nsh ot -
.

Mr E verett s core d 444 i nth e h an

. dic ap match o nth e ne xt

T we n
Th e ty third Gran d An nu al Cry st al P alac e Archery
-

M e eting was he ld onJ uly 7 an d 8 1 88 1 ,

.

Thirty nin e l a die s and t we n

-
ty fou r gentlem enshot -
.
 2 40 A R CH E R Y

60 Yards 50 Yards TO TA IS

L AD IES
H its Sc ore Hi ts Sc ore H i ts Sco re

M i s s L e gh 96 5 34 48 306 1 44 840
M i s s I Cart er . 84 444 45 2 45 1 29 68 9
M rs B u t t . 84 402 48 2 64 1 32 666
M rs E yre W H u s se y
. . 76 35 6 46 2 56 1 22 61 2
M rs E L i st er
. . 75 35 1 47 2 57 I 1 2 2 608
M rs Kan e
. 73 32 9 43 2 33 116 5 62
Mi ss H H u tch i nso n . 72 31 4 42 2 04 1 14 5 18

1 00 Yards 80 Yards 60 Yards TO TALS

G E NTLE ME N
H i ts S c ore H i ts '
Sc o re H i ts Sc ore H its Sc ore

M r H H P ala i re t
. . . .

M r C H E v ere t t
. .

M aj or C H F i sh er . .

M r W R i mi n
.
g t o n
.

Cap t ai nM Alle n .

M r E N Sn
. ow . .

M r H Ke n
. dall .

M r C E N e sh am
. . .

M r G O Pardo e
. . .

M r Pe rry Ke e n
. e -

M r A M eyri c k
. .

Mi s s 1 Cart e r . nd Mr
a . Palai ret be c ame Ch amp ione ss nd
a

Ch am pionof th e W e st .

Mr C H E ve re tt s core d 47 7 i n th e han
. . dic ap m atch
. n
o

th e next day , A u gu s t 5 .

Thirty eighth Gran

Th e d N ational Arch ery Soci ety s -
’

Mee ti ng was held on J uly 2 0 and 2 1 1 8 8 1 at F our O ak s , ,

P ark SuttonColdfi eld ne ar Birmingham

, ,
.

Mi s s L egh wonth e s ilver b rac er with all th e points a nd

h er s core of 7 63 h as only onc e b eenbeatenby Mrs . H orn
i b low,
i n1 8 7 3, who m ad e 7 64 on ly 1 more , .
 P U B L I C A R CH E R Y M E E TI N GS 2 41

60 Yards 50 Yards
L AD I ES
Sc o re H i ts

M i s s L e gh
M rs M ars h all
.

Mrs B u tt
.

M rs E yre W H u s s e y
. .

M rs H orn
. i b low
M rs Pi ers F L egh
. .

M rs E L i st er
. .

M rs W Y F oot
. . .

M i s s M A H olli n s . .

M i s s St e e l

G EX I LEM EX ' ‘

H i ts Sc ore S c ore Sc ore

Mr .
H H Palai re t
. .

Mr . H B ri dge s
J .

Mr . C H E v e re t t
. .

Mr . C E N e sh am .

Mr . P1 ers F L e gh .

Mr . W R i mi n g on
t .

Cap t ai nM All en .

M r G L A s t on
. . .

M r E N Sn
. ow . .

M r C F G arratt
. . .

Mr Palai ret won th e Champion

. shi p with 6 points . Mr .

Nesh am wonth e point s f or hit s an d s c ore at 1 00 yard s an d

Capt ainAllenth e poin t s f or hit s and s core a t 60 y ard s .

Fifty seven ladie s an d fi f ty si x gen

-
tl em en s hot at thi s -

meetin g .

I nth e h andic ap m atch onJ u ly 2 2 Mr Palai ret s core d 434 . .

Th eS e cond Grand NorthernArch ery Meeting was he ld i n

Croxt e th P ark n e ar L ive rp ool on Augu s t 2 4 2 5 and 26, , , , ,

1 88 1 .
2 42 A R CH E R Y

60 Yards 50 Yards
A
L D IES
H i ts Sc ore H i ts S c ore

M rs . Pi ers F L egh . 81 41 9 42 2 30 123 649

M rs . B u tt 79 35 1 43 2 09 1 22 560
M rs . D Ai n
. s w ort h 68 31 6 42 204 1 10 52 0
M rs . E yre W H u s s ey . 71 32 5 37 183 1 08 508
M i ss St eel 65 30 3 39 20 1 1 04 5 04

80 Yards

Mr H H Palai ret
. . .

Mrs D Ains worth . . nd

a Mr G Gree nwell b e c am e Ch a m
. .

p i one s snd Championof th e N orth

a .

Th e n e xt s core was Mr G O P ardoe s of 5 36 Th e . . .

’
.

we ath er at thi s m eeting was m ost unfavou rabl e with s torm s ,

of wind and almo st c on st ant rain .

there was n
In 1 8 8 2 o L e am ingtonArchery Meetin g , as

th e Grand N ational Arch ery Mee ting wa s he ld there .

Tw nty fo urth Grand An

Th e nual Crys tal Palac e
e -
A rch ery
Meeting wa s h e ld onJ u ne 2 9 and 30 1 8 8 2 ,
.

1 00 Yards 80 Yards 60 Yards TO TALS

G EN TLEMEN
H i ts Score H its Sc ore H i ts S core H its S c ore

M r H H Palai ret
. .

M r W E1 mi n
.
g t o n .

M r C E N e s h am
. . .

M r R W alt ers .

M r G O P ardoe
. . .

M r C H E v e re tt
. . . .

M r E yre W H u s sey
. .

M r H Ke n dall .

M aj or C H F i sh er . .

Mr J H a yllar
. .
2 44 A R CH E R Y

m atch— Mi s s L egh 35 7 Mrs Butt 35 0 ; Mrs P F L egh , .

,
. . .
,

31 5 an d Mrs Keyworth 30 3 .
, .

Mr T Aldre d h ad th e man
. age m e nt of thi s m ee tin
. g .

Thirty n
Th e inth Grand N ation al Arch ery S oci e ty s M ee tin
'

g
-

wa s h eld onJ uly 2 6 and 2 7 1 8 8 2 i n th e Shrubl an d H all ,

Grou nds (Mrs Wi se s) near L eam in gt on .

’
,
.

60 Yards 50 Yards TO TA LS

H i ts Sc o re H i ts S c ore H i ts S core

M rs . Pi ers F L e gh .

M rs . M arsh all
M rs . H orn i b low
M rs . B u tt
M i ss F B ards w ell
.

M rs . W Y F o ot . .

Mi ss L e gh
Mi ss F Sh u t er
.

M i ss St e el
Mi ss I Cart er
.

Mi ss M A H olli n. s .

M rs . Ki n ah an

Mi s s Cla y t on
M rs . E L i st er
.

M rs . H u lse
M rs . G H e wi tt
.

100 Y ards 60 Yards TOTAL S

G EN TLE ME N
H it s S core Hi ts S c ore Hi ts S c ore H i ts

Mr . H Palai re t
. H .

Mr R W alt ers
. .

Mr W R i m i ngt on
. .

Mr W F ord
. .

Mr O K Pre sc ot
. . .

Mr C E N e sh am
. . .

Mr C H E v erett
. . .

Mr C J L on
. .
gm an .

Mr J H B ri dge s
. . .

Mr G O Pardo e
. . .

Mr H S agar
. .

C ap tai nM All en .

M r Pi ers F L e gh
. .

M r H Ken
. dall .
 P U B L I C A R CH E R Y M E E TI N G S 2 45

Mrs Piers F L egh won th e silver b rac er with all th e

. .

p oin t s exc ept th at Mrs Marsh all als o m ad e all th e hit s at

, .

5 0 yard s .

Mr Palai ret wonth e Ch ampion

. s hip with 6 p oin t s a ft er a ,

v ery clo se c on t e st with Mr Walt ers wh o won 2 poin t s f or .

,

s c ore a t 8 0 and at 60 y ard s an d wa s on ly 1 b ehind i n gross ,

s c ore Mr Ne sh am wonth e poin

. t for hit s at 1 0 0 yard s and
.
,

Mr P res c ot th at for hit s at 60 yard s

. .

Sixty three la die s an d fi fty fi ve gen

-
tlem en shot at thi s -

meetin g .

OnJ uly 2 8 i nth e h an dic ap m atch Mr P ardo e s c ore d 41 1

, , .

an d Mr Walt ers 41 0 . .

Th e T wentieth Grand Wes t ernAr ch ery M eetin g was h eld

a t E x e t er onth e G ram m ar Sch oo l Cricke t grou n
, d onAugus t -
,

2 an d 3 1 8 8 2 wh ens ixty fou r la di e s an

,
d t hirty n
, ine g entl emen - -

shot .

60 Yards TO TA LS

L AD IES
H i ts Sc ore H i ts Sc ore Score

M i ss 1 Cart er
. 74 332 42 22 6 1 16 558
M rs . B u tt 67 275 46 2 60 113 535
M rs . Ki n ah an 77 353 38 1 66 1 15 51 9
M rs . E yre W H u ss e y . 77 343 31 1 61 1 08 504
Mi s s F B ards w e ll
. 65 30 5 41 187 1 06 492

80 Yards 60 Yards TOTA LS

G EN TLE MEN
Hi t s S c ore H its Sc ore H i ts Sc ore H its Sc ore

Mr . H Palai ret
H . . 70 2 72 73 367 42 18 4 85 823
Mr . W R Im i n g
. t on 75 29 1 65 283 41 2 37 81 811
Mr . O K Pre s c ot
. . 58 216 64 2 78 44 2 08 1 66 702
Mr . B W alt ers
. 60 1 98 69 30 1 37 1 89 1 66 688
Mr . Pe rry Ke en e -
63 2 33 66 300 35 1 37 1 64 670
Mr . A M e yri c k
. 59 19 1 61 2 39 38 18 6 1 58 61 6
Mr . E W H u sse y
. . 51 1 79 58 2 32 43 20 1 1 52 61 2

I nth e handicap match onth e ne xt day Mr . O K Presc ot

. .

s core d 48 0 and Mr R Walt ers 431 ,

. . .
2 46 A R CH E R Y

Th e Th i rd Grand
'

N orth ernArchery Meeting was h e ld at

H arrogat e , onth e Cricket groun d onAu gu s t 2 3 and 24 1 8 8 2
-
, , .

60 Yards 50 Yards TO TA LS

L AD I ES
H i ts S c ore H i ts Sc ore Sc o re

M rs D Ai n
. s w orth
. 81 365 46 28 6 127 65 1
M i s s L e gh 79 349 41 2 01 1 20 5 50
M rs Pi e rs F L e gh
. . 73 31 3 44 2 28 117 541
M rs Ki n. ah an 65 30 3 40 2 08 1 05 51 1
M rs S wi re
. 66 322 37 187 1 03 509
M rs B u t t
. 65 2 57 46 2 34 111 49 1

1 00 Yards TO TA LS

G ENTLEMEN
H i ts Score H i ts Sco re

Mr . C . Perry Ke en e -
49 21 1 57 273
Mr . C . H E v ere t t
. 49 189 62 2 78
Mr . C . E N esh am . 44 1 78 60 2 78
Mr . G . O Pardoe . 54 2 12 59 22 5

Mrs D Ai ns worth
. . and Mr Houghtonb ec am e Ch ampiones s
.

a nd Ch ampionof th e N orth .

T wen
Th e ty eighth Gran d L eamington and Midland-

Arch ery M e eting wa s h eld onJ un e 2 7 and 28 1 88 3 , .

Twenty n ine l adi e s and t wenty two gentle mens hot

- -
.

60 Yards
A
L D IES
H i ts S c ore H i ts S c ore

Mrs Pi ers F L e gh
. .

M i s s S t e el
M i s s F B ardsw e ll
.

M rs D Ai n . sw ort h.

Mrs E L i s ter
. .

M i s s 1 Cart er .

M i s s M A H olli n s
. .

M rs . E yre W H u s s e y .

M rs . C E N e s h am
. .

M rs . W Y at e s F o ot
.

Mi s s L e gh
M rs . Ke y wo rth
2 4s A R CH E R Y

Twen
Th e ty first Gran d We st ern Arch ery Meetin g wa s
-

held at S alis bury on J uly 2 5 and 2 6 1 8 8 3 wh en fi fty fi v e , ,

-

l adies and forty one gentlem enshot -

.

60 Yards 50 Yards TO TA LS
L AD IES
H its Sc ore H i ts Sc ore H i ts Sc ore

M i ss L e gh
M rs Pi ers F L e gh
. .

M i s s I Cart er
.

M i s s F B ardsw e ll
.

M rs P Pi n
. ck n
. ey
M i ss H H u t c h i n
.son
M rs E yre W H u ss ey
. .

M i s s C R a df ord
.

Mrs W Y a t e s F oot
. .

1 00 Y ards 80 Yards 60 Yards TO TALS

G ENTL EM EN

H i ts Sc ore H i ts Sc ore Sc ore

M aj or 0 H F i sh er . . 1 02 406 73 32 7
Mr H Ken
. dall
. 76 32 4 73 309
Mr H H Palai re t
. . . 66 2 62 76 322
M r E yre W H u s s ey
. . 72 2 88 69 297
M r Pi e rs F L e gh
. . 66 2 42 59 2 35
Mr N R attra y
. . 60 2 18 54 2 42
M r Perry Kee n
. e 62 226 59 21 1

Mi s s I C art er . and Mr H H . . . Palai ret b e c am e Ch ampiones s

a nd Championof th e West .

Fortieth Grand N ation

Th e al Arc h ery S oci ety s M ee ting ’

was h e ld onAugu s t 1 an d 2 1 8 8 3 at Che lt e n h am on th e , , ,

College Cricket ground -

.

Sixty sev en l a di es an d s ixty four gen

-
tlem en shot at t hi s -

m eetin g .

Mrs L e gh wonth e silver b rac e r with 6 p oin

. t s Mi s s I . .

Cart er wonth e poin t for hit s at 5 0 yard s an d M rs Ain s worth , .

t h e poin t f or s core at th e s am e di s t ance .

 P U B LI C A R CH E R Y M E E TI N GS 2 49

60 Yards 50 Yards TO TA LS
L AD IES

H i ts Sc ore H i ts Sco re

M rs Pi e rs F L e gh
. .

M i s s 1 Cart e r
.

M i ss St ee l
M rs D A i n
. sw ort h
.

M rs E yre W H u s se y
. .

M i s s M A H olli n . s .

M i s s F B ards w e ll
.

M i s s C R a dford.

M rs H orn
. i b low
M i s s L e gh
M i s s Pardoe
M i ss H H u t c h i n so
. n
M rs E L i s t e r
. .

M rs M arsh a ll
.

M rs C H E v eret t
. . .

M rs C E N e sh am
. . .

Mrs W Y F oot
. . .

Mi s s H ay llar
M i s s Pan ter
M i s s Oak ley
M i s s B Oak le y .

Mrs E dgar
.

1 00 Yards 80 Yards 60 Yards TO TA LS

G E N TL EM EN

H i ts S c ore H i ts Sc ore S c ore H its S c ore

Mr C J L on
. .
g m an .

M r E yr e W H u s s ey
. .

M aj or C H F i sh er . .

M r H H Palai re t
. . .

Cap t ai nM A llen .

Mr Pi ers F L e gh
. .

M r C E N e s h am
. . .

Mr W R i m i n
. .
gt on
Mr R W al t ers
. .

M r H Ken
. dall
.

M r Perry Ke en
. e -

Mr T R D u n
. . ne .

M r O K Pre s c ot
. . .

M r G L A st on
. . .

M r G re gso n
.

M r W alron
. d
M r C H E v ere t t

n
. . .

M r A M e yri c k
. .

Cap tai nC H . . G ar ett

2 50 A R CH E R Y

MrLongm an bec am e Champion with 7 point s M r

. . .

Hu ssey wonth e p oin t f or hit s at 1 0 0 yard s Maj or Fi sh er th e ,

p oint for s core at 1 0 0 yard s an d M r Palai re t th e p oin t for , .

s co re at 8 0 y ard s M r L on g m a n a l s o won th e.Sp e ddi ng M e

. mo
rial Ch all en ge Cup n ow fi rs t pre s en te d by th e Royal Toxophilit e
,

S ociety to b e h eld by th e m aker of th e high e s t gro ss s core

, .

I nth e han dic ap m atch onAug u s t 3 Miss L e gh sc ore d 41 6 , ,

M ajor Fi sh er 50 8 Mr Nesh am 442 an d Mr Dun ,

ne 41 7 .
, . .

Fourth G rand North ernArchery M eetin

Th e g was h eld a t
D erby onAugu st 8 9 an d 1 0 1 8 8 3 wh enth e weath er wa s , , , ,

s o unfavourable th at th e high e st l ady s s core was th at of Mrs ’

.

—
Pi ers F L egh 490 with 1 0 8 hit s
. .
,

Th e only notable s cores m ad e by gen tl em enwere

1 00 Yards 80 Yards 60 Yards TOTALS

G ENTLE MEN

H i ts Sc ore

M r F A G ov e tt
. .

Cap t am M Allen .

Mrs T Hibbert . . a nd Mr Gre g s on be c am e Champio n

. e ss

a nd Ch ampionof th e No rth .

Th e T wen
ninth Grand L eamingtonand Midland Archery
ty -

M eeting was held onJ une 1 2 and 1 3 1 884 , .

60 Yards 50 Yards TOTALS

L AD I ES
S c ore S c ore

M rs M arsh a ll
. 2 70 1 35 689
M i s s M A H olli n. s . 191 126 604
M rs E yr e W H u s se y
. . 2 08 1 29 59 3
M i ss F B ards w ell
. 240 1 16 58 0
M rs H orn
. i b low 2 14 1 19 537
M rs Ki n
. ah a n 248 1 13 52 7
M rs W Y a t e s F oot
. . 2 35 113 52 7
M i s s St ee l 2 06 1 16 52 6
z 52 A R CH E R Y

Thirty eight ladie s and t we nty - -

two ge n
tlem ensh ot at thi s
m eeting .

Th e Twen ty s eco nd Grand West ernArch ery M eeting -

wa s
held at T auntononJ uly 2 3 and 2 4 1 8 8 4 ,
.

60 Yards 50 Yards TO TALS

H i ts Sc ore S c ore S c ore

M rs . E yre W H u sse y . 2 46 116 62 0

Mi ss I Cart er
. 1 97 1 04 47 6
M i ss F B ards w ell
. 1 82 1 10 464
M i ss M Win w o od
. 1 59 1 07 45 7

1 00 Yards 80 Yard s 60 Yards TOTA LS

G E XTLEME N

H its Sc o re H i ts Score H its Sc o re H i ts Sc ore

M aj or C H F i sh e r . . 79 35 3 30 3 44 2 58 1 92 914
M r C E N esh am
. . . 82 31 4 30 3 47 2 41 1 98 8 68
M r C J L on
.
gm.a n . 209 2 69 44 222 1 68 7 00
M r F A G ov et t
. . . 66 2 60 2 33 1 79 1 56 67 2
M r E yre W H u ssey
. . 48 1 78 2 62 44 1 92 1 56 632
M r H Ken. dall . 53 195 2 44 40 1 68 1 59
M r T T s M e t c alf e
. . . . 46 1 90 22 6 1 90 146 60 6
M r Gre gs o n
. 57 20 3 216 40 1 74 1 65 59 3

nd Mrs E yre W Hu ssey bec ame Ch ampion and

Mr . a . .

Ch ampion e s s of th e We s t .

Fifty l adies an d thirty eight g entlem en shot at thi s -

m eeting .

I nt h e h andic ap m atch on J uly 2 5 , th e only good c

s ore

wa s m ad e by Mr C E Ne s h am 362 . . .
, .

Forty fi rst Grand N ation

Th e a l Arch ery Soci ety s M e e tin
’
-
g
wa s h eld onAugu st 6 an d 7 1 8 8 4 onth e C ricke t gro un d of , ,
-

St M ark s School (R ev St eph enH awtray) at Win

.
’
d s or . .
 P U B L I C A R CH E R Y M E E TI N GS 2 53

60 Yards 50 Yards TOTA LS

A
L D IES

H its Sc ore H i ts S c o re S c o re

M rs . Pi ers F L egh .

Mi ss Oak le y
Mi s s L e gh
M rs . M arsh all
Mi s s B Oak le y
.

Mi s s H ayllar
M rs . C E N es h am
. .

M i ss H H u tc h i n
. s on
M i ss Pe ars
M rs . H orn i b low
Mi ss M Wi n w oo d
.

M i ss C R a df ord
.

Mi s s I Cart er
.

Mrs Pi ers F L egh won th e Ch allen

. ge brac er with 6 g
.

p oi nt s M i s
. s O a kl e y wo n1 p o i nt f or s co re a t 6 0 y ard s ; a nd
sh e a nd Mi s s B O akley divid e d . th e p oint for hit s at 50 y ard s
with Mrs P F L egh . . . .

100 Yards 80 Yards 60 Yards TOTA LS

G EN TL E ME N

H i ts S c ore Hi t s S core H i ts S c ore H it s S c ore

M aj o r C H F i sh e r . .

M r C E N e sh am
. . .

M r H Ke n
. dall .

M r Gre gs on
.

Cap t ai nM Alle n .

M r O L Clare
. .
1
.

M r N R att ra y
. .

Mr J H B ri dge s
. . .

Mr E yre W H u s se y
. .

M r F A G ov e tt
. . .

M r G G H u lm e
. . .

Mr C J L on
. .
g m a n .

M r T T S M et c alf e
. . . .

Mr C . Champions m e dal with 5

. E . Ne s h am won th e
’

point s M ajor Fis her wonth e 2 p oin

. t s f or gro ss score an d
th e S p e ddi n Ch ll ng e Cup and 2 m ore poi n t s f or s c ore at
g a e ,

8 0 an d at 60 yard s Mr H K e n d all won th e p oint f or hit s

. . .

at 6 0 y ard s .

En
te re d as Mr H i n
. dle y ,
 A R CH E R Y

I n th e
h andic ap m atch on Augu s t 8 Mrs P F L e gh . . .

s core d 35 7 an d Mi ss L e gh 35 4 Mr C E Ne sh am 48 2 M r
,
. . .
, .

H Kend all 41 1 an
. d Mr G reg son40 6 , . .

Fifty se venl adies an -

d fifty gentlem ensh ot at this m eeting .

Th e weather was i n t ens ely h ot .

Fifth Gran
Th e d No rthernArchery M eeting was h eld on
th e We st Cli flC ricke t ground at Pre ston i nL anc ashire on
’
-
, ,

Au gu s t 2 7 and 28 1 8 84 , .

60 Yards 50 Yards TOTALS

L D I ESA
H i ts Sc ore H its S c ore S c ore

M rs Pi e rs F L egh
. . 84 432 42 2 34 126 666
M i s s L egh 90 42 6 45 2 33 1 35 6 59
Mrs E yr e W H u s sey
. . 84 38 0 47 2 75 1 31 65 5
M rs W ai th m an
. 70 332 41 223 1 11 5 55
M rs Sw i re
. 66 2 94 42 2 30 108 524
M rs H Clark e
. . 64 2 98 43 217 1 07 51 5

80 Yards 60 Yards
G ENTLEM E x

H i ts Sc ore H i ts S core S core H its S c ore

Mr . C E N e sh am
. . . 81 31 1 76 382 271 2 04 9 64
Mr . G re gs on 74 32 0 78 336 192 1 94 8 48
Mr . E yre W H u s se y . 74 31 6 66 28 0 22 8 184 8 24
Mr . O L Clare
. . 57 2 47 63 2 45 1 76 1 58 668

Mrs Wai th m an an
. d Mr G re g s onb ec am e Ch ampione ss .

and Championof th e N orth .

F orty four ladies -

an d thirty -
fi ve g entlem en s hot at thi s
m eetin g .

Thirtieth Gran
Th e d L eam ingt on and Midlan d Arch ery
M eeting was h eld i n th e J eph son G ard ens on J une 10
2 56 A R CH E R Y

60 Y ards 50 Yards
LA D IES
I Hi s S c ore
t Sc ore H i ts Sc ore H i ts

M i s s L egh
M rs Pi ers F L e gh
. .

E yre W H u s s ey .

M i s s F B ardsw ell.

M i s s Carli sle
M i s s Pe ars
Mi s s H ay llar
M rs St ilw ell
. .

M i s s M iln e

M rs W Y at e s F oo t
. .

M rs M arsh all
.

Mrs C E N e sh am
. . .

1 00 Yards 60 Yards l TOTAIS

G E N TLE ME N
H i ts Score Hi t s Hi t s ISc ore
I
H i ts Sc ore

M r C E N e sh am
. .

M aj or C H F i sh er . .

M r R W alt ers
. .

M r C H E v ere tt
. . .

M r B ro di e H oare
n
.

M r H Ke dall
. .

M r Perry Keen
. e -

M r T T S M e t c alf e
. . . .

M r E yre W H u s s ey
. .

M r Gregs on
.

Th eTwen ty third G ran d West ernArch ery Meetin g was

-

h eld at W eym outh onJ uly 2 2 an d 2 3 1 88 5 wh enforty nine , ,

-

ladies and tw en ty eight gentlem enshot -

.

60 Yards TO TA LS

L A D lE s
H its S c ore H i ts S c ore H its Sc ore

M rs E yre W H u s sey
. . 80 360 46 2 50 126 61 0
M i s s F B ards w ell . 80 354 43 197 123 551
M rs P Pi n . ck ney . 71 32 9 43 22 1 1 14 5 50
M rs W Y at e s F oo t
. . 83 345 39 201 1 22 546
M rs C E N e sh am
. . . 73 31 7 45 227 1 18 544
Mi ss M Wi n woo d . 66 28 2 43 221 1 09 50 3
 P U B L I C A R CH E R Y M E E TI N GS 2 57

80 Ya rds 60 Yards
GE NTLEM EN
H i ts S c ore H i ts S core Hits

Mr nd Mrs E yre W Hus sey b ec ame Ch ampion and

. a . .

Ch ampion ess of th e West .

Mrs Hus sey an . d Mr Nesh am s cored 36 7 and 5 30 re .

s pe c ti v ely i nth e h an dic ap match onJ uly 2 4 .

Forty secon
Th e d Gran d N ation al Arch ery M eetin
-
g was
held i nth e C oll ege ground s at Great Malvern onJ uly 2 9 an -
d
30 1 8 8 5 wh ens ixty four ladi es an
, ,
d fi f ty one gen
tlem enshot - -
.

60 Yards 50 Yards TO TALS

L AD I E S
H i ts S c ore Hi t s Sc ore Sc ore

M rs . Pi e rs F L e gh . 88 460 47 28 9 1 35 7 49
M i ss L e gh 91 41 7 2 58 1 35 67 5
M rs . E yre W H u s se y . 84 386 46 248 1 30 634
M rs . M ars h all 84 360 42 228 1 26 58 8
Mi ss S t e el 77 345 41 197 1 18 542
M i ss B M L e gh
. . . 75 363 42 1 72 117 5 35
Mi ss F B ards w ell
. 72 31 0 43 2 17 115 52 7

1 00 Yards TOTALS

G ENTLE M EN
H its S core H i ts

M r C E N e sh a m
. .

M aj or C H F i sh e r . .

M r T T S M e t c alf e
. . . .

M r Perry Ke en
. e -

Mr R W alt e rs
. .

M r H Ken
. dall
.

M r E yre W H u s se y
. .

Cap t ai nM Al le n .
z 58 A R CH E R Y

Mrs P F L egh b ec am e th e Champion

. .es s with 6 poin
.ts ,

M i s s L e gh h avi ng 1 p o i nt f or a ti e on th e gro s s hi t s an d 1 ,

poin t for mo st hit s at 50 yard s .

Mr Nesh am wonth e Ch ampions m ed al for mo st poin ts ’

.

7i an d th e Sp eddi ng m e mo ri al cup with th e hi ghe st s core .

Major Fi sh er won 1 poin t for hit s at 1 0 0 yard s an d Mr , .

Perry Keen -
e won1 } poin t s h avin g tied Mr Nesh am with 454
,
.

hit s at 60 yard s an d h e wonth e poin t for highest s core at

,

60 yard s .

Mrs E yre W Hussey an. d Mrs P F L e gh score d 37 4 an

. d . . .

37 1 re sp ectively i nth e h an dic ap m atch onJ uly 31 an d Mr , .

C E Nesh am an
. . d Mr P erry Keen e s core d 462 an d 40 2 on
.
-

th e same day .

Sixth An
Th e nual Grand NorthernArchery Meeting wa s
h eld at Y ork onth e Gen tlem ens Cricket ground S ept emb er
,
’
-
,

2 an d 3 1 8 8 5 wh enforty eight l adi e s an

,
d thirty one gentle
,
- -

mens hot .

L D IES A
H i ts Sc ore H i ts Score Score

M rs . W Y at e s F oot
. 72 360 44 2 56 1 16 6 16
Mrs . D Ai n s w ort h
. 84 39 2 45 2 19 1 29 611
M rs . E yre W H u ssey . 82 360 44 2 06 1 26 5 66
Mi ss F B ardsw ell
. 74 294 46 120 538
M i ss K Sh arp e . 70 2 96 42 2 33 1 13 52 9
M i ss M A H olli n, s . 61 295 22 5 1 06 520
M rs . H Clark e . 70 2 72 2 34 1 14 506

80 Yards 60 Yards
G EN TLEI IEN
H it s Sc ore H i ts Sc ore H i ts S c ore

Mr . C E N e sh am
. . 71 291 46 2 50 2 00 88 4
Mr . E yre W H u ssey . 73 30 5 42 248 1 73 7 51
Mr . T T S M et c alf e
. . . 64 304 41 22 5 1 59 747
Mr . G re gson 68 2 76 44 2 08 1 54 646
Mr . C E Th orp e
. . 54 2 76 32 1 56 142 62 2
2 60 A R CH E R Y

Th e Se ven
Gran
th d N orth ernArchery Meeti n g was h e ld
at LincolnonJ un e 2 3 and 2 4 1 8 8 6 wh entw enty Si x la die s
, ,
-

an dnine t eeng entlemenshot .

60 Yards 50 Yards TOTALS

H i ts Sc ore H i ts Sc ore Hi t s Sc o re

M rs . D Ai n
. s w ort h 82 350 46 2 48 1 28 59 8
M rs . E yre W H u ss e y . 75 343 42 2 42 1 17 58 5
M i ss F B ards w ell
. 75 37 5 43 20 7 1 18 58 2
M rs . Ki na h an 78 370 43 207 12 1 57 7
M rs . W ai th m a n 67 30 1 44 2 38 111 5 39

1 00 Yards 60 Yards TO TA LS
-
G a s ru ns

Mrs D Ains worth

. nd Mr Gregson(1 45 hit s 5 91 score)
. a .
,

b ec am e Ch ampion
es s and Ch ampionof th e N orth .

Mr Perry Keen
. e s co re d 5 30 i n th e h an
-
dic ap m atch on
J un e 25 .

Twen ty eighth G ran

Th e d An nual Cryst al Palace Archery
-

Meeting was held onth e Crick et ground onJ uly 1 5 an d 16 -

,

1 886 .

60 Yards 50 Yards
L A D IES
H its S c ore S co re Sc ore

M rs . M arsh all
M rs . D Ai n
. s w ort h

M rs . Ki n ah a n

M rs . H ai gh
M i ss A B art o n
.

M rs . Ke yw ort h
M i ss H ayllar
Miss N ort on
M i ss F B ards w ell
.

M iss C S mi th
.

M rs . Kane
M i ss Carli sle
 P U B L I C A R CH E R Y M E E TI N GS 2 61

80 Yards 60 Yards TOTAIA

G R NTLE M EN
H i ts Sc ore S c ore H i ts Sco re H i ts S c o re

M r Perry Ke en
. e -

M r E yre W H u s s e y
. .

M r C E N esh am
. . .

M r T T S M e t c alf e
. . . .

M r J H B ri dges
. . .

Co lon el H A B u rt on . .

Cap t ai nM Alle n .

M r C H E v e rett
. . .

M r H Ke n
. dall
.

M r G e dge
.

M r B urrow es
.

M r E rsk i n
. e
M r W alron
. d
Colon el L e w i n

Fifty -
two ladies and thirty -
fi ve gentlem enshot .

Th eFo ty third Gran d N ational an

r d th e T wen
-
ty fo urth -

G rand We st ernArch ery M eetin gs were un it e d and h eld to

gether at B ath onJ uly 2 9 and 30 1 88 6 , .

60 Yards TO TA IS
L AD IES
H i ts S c ore Sc ore S c ore

M i s s L e gh
M rs E yre W H u s sey
. .

M rs M arsh all
.

M rs D Ai n
. s w o rt h
.

M i s s St e el
M i s s B Oakle y .

M rs G illi n
.
g
M rs Ki n
. ah a n .

M i ss F B ards w e ll
.

M i ss C R adf ord
.

Mi ss M Win .w ood
M rs H orn
. i b lo w
M rs B ere n
. s
M i s s B M L egh
. .

M i ss Pe dde r
M rs M altb y
.

M i s s Palm e r
M rs G ilm our
.
2 62 A R CH E R Y

80 Yards 60 Yards TO TA LS

H i ts S c ore

M r C E N e s h am
. .

M aj or C H F i sh er . .

Mr . J
H B ri dge s
. .

Colonel H A B urto . .

M r Perry -Keen
. e
M r T T S M e t c al f e
. . . .

M r F A G ov e t t
. . .

M r E yre W H u s s e
. .
y
M r G G H u lm e
. . .

M r G e dge
.

M r G regs on
.

M r G at ak er
.

M r Pi ers F L e gh
. .

M r R W al ters
. .

Ni ne ty fi v e la die s -
nd sixty
a fi ve gen
-
tlem ens hot .

Mi ss L e gh b ec am e th e Ch ampione s s with 7 poi nt s , M rs .

M arsh all h aving wonth e p oint f or hit s at 50 yard s .

Mrs E yre W Hu ssey b e c am e th e Cham pion

. ess
. of th e
W est .

Mr C . b ec am e th e Ch ampionwith
. E . point s
Ne sh am ,

M aj or C H Fi sh er havi n.g tie d with him i nth e point f or hit s

.

a t 60 yard s .

Mr Perry Ke en.e b ec am e th e Ch ampionof th e W e s t

-
.

h an
In th e dic ap m atch onJ uly 31 Mi s s L egh sc ore d 39 1 , ,

M i s s B O akley 363 Mrs D Ain

. s worth 344 Mrs Mars h all
,
. .
,
.

343 an , d Mrs H orn i b low 337 and onth e s am e day Mr E

. . .

Sh arpe s c ore d 42 9 .
2 64 A R CH E R Y

100 Yards 80 Yards 60 Yards

G ENTLEMEN

H i ts Sc o re H i ts S core Score S c ore

M aj or C H F i s h er. .

M r O E N e sh am
. . .

Mr O L Clare
. . .

M r R W al t ers
.

M r P1 ers F L e gh
.
1
.

M r C H E v ere t t
. . .

M r G W Ch ap m
. . .

M r H Ken
. dall .

M r G O Pardoe
. .
1
.

M r W Y a t e s F o ot
. .

M r C J L on
. .
gm a n.

Thirty thre e gentlemenshot -

.

Th e Gran d Ann ual Handicap Meetin g of th e Royal T o xo ~

p h i li t e Society was h eld onO ctob er 1 1 and 1 2 1 88 3 , .

Yards
'

60

GENTLEMB N

M r C E N e sh am
. . .

M aj or C H F i s h er
. .

M r H A H o wm an
. .
1
.

M r N R attray
. .

M r F A G ov e tt
. . .

M r O L Clare
Mr E yr e W H u s s e
. . .

.
y .

Colonel L e w i n

Mr G G H ulm e
. . .
1

Cap tai nM Alle n1

.

Mr C H E v e rett
. . .

Twenty eight gentlem enshot -

.

Gran
Th e d J ub ilee and An nu al Handic ap Meeting of th e
Royal Toxophilit e Society wa s h eld onO ctob er 9 and 1 0 1 884 , .

1
Vi si tors .
 P U B L I C A R CH E R Y M E E TI N G S 2 65

1 00 Yards 80 Yards 60 Yards TOTALS

G EETLEIIEN

H i ts Sc ore H i ts S core H i ts Score H i ts Sc ore

Mr C E N e sh am
. . .

Mr R W alt ers
. .

Mr O L Clare
. . .

Mr J H B ri dges
. . .

Mr E yre W H u ss ey
.
1
.

Mr C J L on
. .
gm an .

Cap t a m M Alle n 1
. .

Mr G re gson
.
1
.

M r T T S M e t c alf e
. . . .

M r Pi ers F L egh
.
1
.

Mr A N e w all
. .

Mr C H E v eret t
. . .

Mr W alron
. d
M r G G H u lm e
. .
1
.

Mr H Ken
. dall .

F orty nine g entlem enshot

-
.

N othing could have been m ore unfavourable than th e

weather onthi s occasion It was wet stormy an d bitt erly .
, ,

cold .

Th e Grand Ann ual Autumn H an di c ap M eet i ng of th e

Royal T oxophili t e S ociety was held onO ctob er 8 an d 9 1 885 ,
.

80 Yards 60 Yards

H i ts Score Hi t s Sc ore Hi ts S core

Mr . Pe rry Kee n e - 1
69 2 45 84 384 43 2 55 196 88 4
Mr . C E N e s h am
. . 79 273 81 35 5 243 20 5 871
Mr . R W al t ers
. 72 2 56 78 370 39 203 189 8 29
Mr . E B ro di e H o are
. 66 2 74 58 2 46 43 20 1 1 67 72 1
Mr . H H L on
.
gm .an 61 20 5 60 2 68 42 2 30 1 63 70 3
Mr . C H E v e re t t
. . 63 2 49 61 59 1 75 1 63 68 3
Mr . H Ken
. dall 44 1 74 52 233 1 39 631

T we nty one gen

tlem enShot
-
at thi s m eeting .

Th e Gran d Ann ual Autumn Han dic ap Meetin g of th e

R oyal Toxophilit e Society wa s held onO ctob er 1 4 and 1 5 1 886 ,
.

1
Vi si to rs .
2 66 A R CH E R Y

80 Yards
G ENTLEMB N
H i ts Sc ore Sc ore

Mr C E N e sh am
. . .

Mr J H B ri dge s
. . .

Mr N R attray
. .

Mr W alron
. d
Mr H H L on
. .
g an
m .

Cap ta i nM Allen 1
.

M r E F i s h er
.
1
.

M r C H E v erett
. . .

M r E C G e dge
. .
1
.

M r A H en
. ty .

M r T T S M et c alf e
. . . .

T wenty one gentlem enshot -

at thi s m eet i ng .

S C O TCH P UB LI C M E E TI N GS
'
.

Th e E lev enth Annual Scotti sh Arch ery Meetin g was h eld

onth e C ricket ground (L avi lands ) n
-
ear Stirli ng onAu gust 4 , ,

and 5 , 1 8 65 .

60 Yards 50 Yards TOTA LS

LA D IES

S c o re H i ts S co re H its Sc ore

Mi s s B e th am 42 4 46 290 1 34 7 14
M rs H orn
. i b low 432 43 2 53 125 68 5

1 00 Yards 80 Yards 60 Yards TOTALS

G EN TLEMEN

H its Sc ore H its Sc ore

M r P M ui r
. . 44 266 1 90 8 20
M r J M urdoch
. . 39 1 93 1 51 62 5
Mr P M urdo c h
. . 40 20 8 1 48 61 4
Mr J Allan
. . 40 22 6 1 34 594

Thirt eenl adies and thirty -

si x ge ntlem enshot .

Vi s i tors .
2
Di d not co mp le t e th e sh oo t i n
g at 60 ya rds .
2 68 A R CH E R Y

1 00 Yards 80 Yards 60 Yards

G ENTLE ME N

H its Sc ore H its Sc ore Sc ore

Mr . G E dw ards
. 68 2 66 77 35 7 48 29 8
Mr . R W A tk i n
. son . 69 303 66 298 42 22 8
Mr . T L Coul s on
. . 2 30 52 248 39 19 5
Mr . H W alt ers
. 63 22 3 57 2 35 36 180
Mr M ac n
. am ara 46 1 60 62 2 54 42 2 24
Mr E Poph am
. . 1 98 63 2 87 34 1 34
Cap t ai nB e th am 48 1 78 61 2 63 42 1 70

Mr G . . E dward s s core d 40 4 i n th e h andic ap m atch o n

Augu st 1 4 .

Third Iris h G ran

Th e d N ational Arch ery M e et i ng was
h eld i nth e Rot u nda G ard ens D ublin onJ uly 2 7 an d 28 , , ,

1 8 64 .

50 Yards TO TALS

H i ts Sc o re S c ore

M i s s B e t h am 42 2 18 127 6 55
Mi s s H Tarlet on . 32 1 34 1 04 454

80 Yards
GENTLEMEN
H i ts Sc ore H i ts S c ore H i ts

M r G E dwards
. . 2 76 73 30 3 48
Captai nB e th am 234 66 2 76 43
M r B eth am
. 2 10 60 246 44
M r R W Atki n
. . s on . 1 79 68 28 2 42
Mr M aoon
. ch y 2 15 55 207 40
Mr H E lli ott
. . 1 50 59 2 69 44

Twenty -
two ladi nd twen
es a ty -
one gentlemenshot .
 P U B L I C A R CH E R Y M E E TI N GS

Th e Fourth Iri sh Gran d N ation al Arch ery Me etin g was

h eld i n th e New Win t er G ard ens , Dublin, on M ay 31 and
J 11 11 9 1 , 1 865 .

H i ts Sc ore H i ts Score

1 00 Yards 80 Yards 60 Yards TOTA LS

Score Hi ts H i ts S c ore

M r G E dwards
. . 38 7 45
Mr B e th am
. 248 42
Ca p ta i nB e t h am 59 l 2 2 7 61 2 77 89
Cap t ai nW hi tla 59 I 22 3 57 2 37 28

Thirt eenl adies and sevent eengentlemenshot .

Th e S ec on d Gran d L ein st e r Ar ch ery Me eting was h eld i n

th e grou nd s o f th e Exh ibitionP al ac e Dublin on S ept emb er , ,

19 a nd 20 , 1 8 65 .

60 Yards TOTA LS

Capt ai nWh i t la
M r B e t h am
.

T wenty -
si x ladies and sixt e engentlemenshot .
2 70 A R CH E R Y

Th e Fifth Iri sh Grand N ational Arch ery M eeti ng was held

i nth e New Win ter Garden s i nD ublin on Augu st 1 2 an d 3 , , ,

1 8 66 . E ighteenladies an d seventeengen tlemenshot .

60 Yards
LAD I ES
H i ts Sc ore

Mrs H ormb low 5

I
'

. es 386 46 268 1 32
Mi s s B e th am 80 378 40 244 1 20
M i ss A B eth am
. 61 29 1 44 238 -
105

100 Yards so Yards so Yards Tou rs

H i ts Score 1H i t s Score Sc ore

Mr B eth am
. 68 241 68 2 72 2 87 1 76 800
M r G E dw ards
. . 36 1 34 70 348 2 31 1 51 713
M r R W Atki n
. s on
. . 54 2 10 57 2 59 213 1 52 68 2
Captai nW hi tla
.

58 22 6 so 2 60 1 92 1 58 678
Cap tai nB eth am 86 130 60 240 2 38 1 42

Th e F i rst U l ster Grand Arch ery Meeting was h eld at

U lst erville B elfast onAugu st 8 9 and 1 0 1 8 66

, , , , , .

50 Yards TOTA LS

H i ts Sc ore H i ts Sc ore H i ts Sc ore

M i s s B e t h am 88 41 8 46 2 74 1 34 69 2
Mrs H orn . i b low 79 349 40 2 02 1 19 551
M i s s Ada B eth am 70 32 0 41 2 09 111 52 9

Yards 80 Yards TO TA LS
G ra m mar s
Score

M r B e th am
.

Cap t a i nB e th am

E ight eenl adi e s nd nine gentlem ensh ot

a .
2 72 A R CH E R Y

G rand Muns t er Arch ery Meetin

Th e g was held at Lim erick ,

onS e pt em ber 2 1 and 2 2 1 8 67 , .

60 Yards 50 Yards TOTALS

L AD m

H i ts Sc ore Hi t s S core H i ts S core

Mi s s B e th am 84 42 4 48 2 34 1 32 6 58
M i ss A B e th am
. 82 38 0 46 246 1 28 62 6
Mi ss W ards 64 312 41 22 5 105 537
M rs . Orm sb y 68 29 4 44 2 14 508

1 00 Yards 60 Yards TOTALS

G ENTL EMEN

H i ts Score H i ts Sc ore H its Sc ore H its Sc ore

M r B e t h am
. 63 2 67 58 2 46 22 7 1 62 7 40
M r A E Kn. ox . . 60 2 12 58 2 70 1 86 1 56 6 68
M r R W A tki n
. s on. . 58 20 4 52 22 0 169 1 47 5 93

Twenty eight l adie s and eight ee ngen

-
tlemenshot .

Th e FourthGran d Ann ual M eetin g of th e L einst er Arch ers

was h e ld i nth e gro un d s of th e E xhibitionP alac e Dublin on , ,

Augu s t 2 6 and 2 7 1 8 67 .

60 Yards 50 Yards

H its Sc ore H i ts S core Sc ore

M i ss B e th am 84 41 6 46 2 78
Mi ss A B e t h am
. 84 39 0 47 2 31
M i ss H H u t c hi n
. s on 75 32 9 42 22 4
M i ss M ayne 73 31 3 46 226

1 00 Yards 80 Yards 60 Yards

G ENTLEME N

H it s Sc ore Hits Sc ore H i ts Sc ore H i ts S core

Mr . B et h am 70 2 82 80 358 45 2 31 195 871

Mr . A Kn. ox 63 2 77 66 2 52 38 1 96 1 67 72 5
Mr . R u s s ell 53 2 05 59 2 99 40 1 86 1 52 69 0
Mr . R W A tk i n
. s on . 59 217 44 1 76 45 22 5 1 48 61 8

Twenty three la dies and -

se ev nt eengentl em enshot .
 P U B L I C A R CH E R Y M E E TI N G S 2 7 3
Th e Sixth Ir i s h Gran d N ational Arch ery Me eting was
i nth e ground s o f th e E xhibition P alac e i nDublin on ,

t emb er 14 a nd 1 5 ,
1 8 67 .

50 Yards TOTA LS

H i ts Sc ore Sc ore S c ore

30 3 1 35 7 43
2 32 1 27 6 57
2 59 123 643
2 58 122 58 6

1 00 Yards 80 Yards ToTA LS

G EN TLEM E N

H i ts S c ore H i ts S c ore Sc ore Hi ts Sc ore

61 2 69 70 2 68
65 2 47 59 2 51
63 2 53 58 2 44

Fourt eenla dies and fou rt ee ng entlem enshot .

Th e S econ d Grand Mun st e r Arch ery Meeting was h eld i n

t h e groun d s of Corti gan(Si r D en h am Norreys near ,

M allow onS ept emb er 2 an

, d 3 1 8 68 , .

60 Yards 50 Yards TOTA LS

LA D I ES

H i ts Sc ore H i ts S c ore Sc ore

87 47 3 48 2 92 1 35 7 65
72 32 6 43 217 1 15 543
72 334 40 1 98 1 12 5 32
74 32 6 35 181 1 09 50 7

1 00 Yards 80 Yards 60 Yards

M r B e t h am
.

Nine t e enladi e s and tw elve g entl em enshot .

 A R CH E R Y

Th e Third Gran d Mu n st er Arch ery Meeting was he ld i n

Si r D Norrey s s ground s at Corti gan n ear Mallo w on S e p
’
.
, ,

temb er 8 and 9 1 8 69 ,
.

50 Yards TOTA LS

H i ts S c ore Sc ore Score

1 99 1 30 57 2
2 36 116 5 44
1 76 125 5 35
22 0 1 17 5 33

1 00 Yard s 80 Yards

H i ts Sc o re H i ts S c o re

Mr B e th am
. 66
i 2 32 67 t 30 5

T we nty four ladies and fourt eengentlem enshot

-
.

A Gran d L eins t e r Me eting was h eld i nth e ground s of th e

E xhibitionP alace Dublin onO ctob er 6 and 7 1 8 69
, , , .

60 Yards
L AD I ES
H i ts Score H i ts Sc o re

M i s s H H u t c hi n
. son 46 2 54 1 30 666
M rs V F orb e s
. . 46 2 52 1 34 660
M i s s M ay ne . 41 2 39 1 14 562
Mrs C W B eth am
. . . 40 2 12 1 13 5 45
Mi s s P e el 38 1 64 1 18 5 38

100 Yards 80 Yards 60 Yards

G EE TLEMEE
2 76 A R CH E R Y

Fo urth An
Th e nual American N ational Archery M eeting
was h eld at Chic ago on J uly 1 1 1 2 an d 1 4 1 88 2 th e , , , ,

N at ional and York doubl e Round s b eing shot 1

.

60 Yards 60 Yards TO TA LS

L AD IES
H i ts S c ore H i ts Sc ore Score

M rs A H G ib b e s
. . . 63 251 38 1 98 101 449
M rs F M orri s on
. . 94 37 4

80 Yards 60 Yards
G EN TLE M EN
H i ts Sc ore H i ts Score H its Sc ore H i ts S c ore

Mr . D A N as h
. . 58 210 65 2 57 44 246 1 67 713
Mr . H S Ta ylor
. . 55 1 51 67 275 46 2 52 1 68 67 8
Mr . R W illi am s
. 49 1 79 55 2 35 44 236 1 48 650
Mr . W A Clark . . 45 1 97 62 2 44 41 195 1 48 636
Mr . W H Th om p son
. . 46 1 78 54 234 44 1 98 1 44 610
Mr . F . E Perry . 42 1 48 56 2 26 39 1 79 1 37 55 3

Th e Fifth An nual Americ an N ational Archery Meeting

was h eld at Cincinnati onJ uly 1 0 1 1 and 1 2 1 8 8 3 , , ,
.

100 Yards 80 Yards 60 Yards TO TA LS

G EN TLEM E N
H i ts Score H i ts S c ore H i ts Sc ore H i ts Score

Mr . P . W illi am s 76 30 0 79 37 1 44 2 36 199 90 7
Mr . H S Tay lor
. . 53 19 1 51 22 3 45 2 35 1 49 649
Mr . W A Clark
. . 56 1 92 63 2 57 39 1 71 1 58 62 0
Mr D A N ash 35 1 35 57 243 45 2 09 1 37 58 7
'

. . .

No rep ort of th e m eet i ng i n1 8 8 1 ca nb e t rac e d .

 P UB L I C A R CH E R Y M E E TH VGS 2 77

60 Yards 50 Yards TOTALS

H i ts S c ore H i ts S core

Mrs . C H ow e ll
. 85 41 3 47 277 1 32 69 0
M rs . S A W hi t fi e ld
. . 88 436 39 1 85 127 62 1
M rs . T F G e orge
. . 71 299 45 2 37 1 16 .
5 36
M rs . H M Polloc k
. . 76 32 8 42 1 98 1 18 52 6
M rs . Arth ur 72 296 43 213 115 50 9

Th e Sixth Ann u al Am eric an N ational Arch ery Mee ting

wa s h eld at P ullm ani n1 8 8 4 onJ uly 8 9 and 1 0 , , .

50 Yards TOTA LS

Mrs H H all
. .

1 00 Yards 80 Yards
G EN TLEMZEN
H i ts Score H i ts Sco re

Mr . W Th om p s on
. H .

Mr . R W i lli am s , j u n
. .

Mr . C 0 B eac h
. .

Mr . H . S Tay lor .

Th e S e v enth Annual Am eric anN at i onal Arch ery Mee ting

wa s h e ld at E aton Ohi o , , o nJ uly 7, 8, a nd 9 , 1 88 5 .

50 Yards TorA m

LA n
ms

M rs M C H o w ell
. . .

M i s s J Pollo c k.

M rs J Art h u r
. .
 A RCH E R Y

1 00 Yards 80 Yards 60 Yards To rA Ls

'

Gas m a n
Hits S c ore H its Hi t s Sc ore H i ts S c o re

Colonel R W illi am s
. 46 2 78 215 99 5
Mr C C B e ac h
. . . 44 2 14 1 65 7 33
M r J W B Si ders
. . . . 41 1 99 137 647
M r W H Th om p son
. . . 38 1 76 1 43 60 7
M r W A Clark
. . . 41 197 1 42 59 4
2 80 A R CH E R Y

comm en c ed or whenit was fi n

, i she d tho se wh o h ad t o c ro ss ,

t h e gro u n d ran n o littl e ri sk o f b eing shot by s om e of th e

in du s triou s arch ers who n ot s atisfi e d with t h e rou n
, , d allotted
t o th e day w ere th re sh in
, g out them selves an d th e ir bo ws n ot ,

with shootin g at th e t arget s but m ostly at a pi ec e of whit e ,

p aper plac ed about so far fro m them selves a s anarrow wo uld

fall wh ensuppos e d to have p as s ed through th e gold at th e
p articular dist anc e at which th e se z e alot s were ever enga ge d
i nth e app aren tly hopel ess search of th e range or a poin t
of ai m .
’

Th e e arlie st grand score onth e t est ifi e d York Roun d i nth e

book s of th e Royal Toxophili t e Society belonge d to M r H C . . .

M ules an, d wa s shot onAugu s t 24 1 8 5 6 , .

H i ts S c ore H i t s Sc ore H i t s Sc ore

50 2 40 42 2 32 23 1 31

He l o h as s cores o f 1 1 6 h t s 500 so an
a s d 1 0 6 h t s 50 8 so i n . . . .

th e book s m ad e i n1 8 5 8 This was s u rpas s e d by M r H A

. . . .

F ord on N ov em b er 3 1 8 58 i nth e T oxophi lit e grou n

, ds ,

H i ts Sc ore H its Sc ore H i ts Sc ore H i ts Score

47 22 7 46 2 58 24 1 38 1 17 62 3

and core of M r G E
th e s . . . S . F ry er, m a de i nth e sa me
grou n
d s on A ugu s t 2 1 8 7 2 of , ,

H i ts Sc ore H i ts Sc ore H i ts Score

59 289 44 218 24 1 32

wen t furth er an d st ill rem ain

,
s un s urp as se d .

T hi s last mentione d sc ore took and still hold s th e Wi lki n

-
, ,

s onp ra c ti c e meda l which was giventoth e Roy al Toxophilit e

,

Society i n1 8 66 an d wa s fi rst t akenby M r T B ou ltonwith

, . .

H i t s Sc ore H i ts Sc ore H i ts Sc ore H i ts S core

43 1 75 40 186 24 1 48 1 07 509

wh o a fterw ard s i mproved hi s holding of it by m ak ing

H i ts Sc ore H i ts Sc ore H its Sc ore H its S c ore

48 2 06 46 2 08 23 1 33 1 17 547
 CL U B S H O O TI N G A N D P R I VA TE P R A C TI CE

OnJ uly 6 , 1 8 67 , M r PV Sp otti swoode

. . s core d
H i ts Sc ore H i ts Sc ore H i ts Sc ore

50 2 44 41 20 1 1 14 574

and took and held it until it was trans fe rre d to Mr F rye r i n .

1 8 72 .
p

full d e tai l s of M r H A F ord s b est priv at e pra ctic e

Th e . . .
’
-

s c ore of 8 0 9 with 1 37 hit s h av e b e e nal re ady giv en .

H e al s o re c ord s a s core i nwhich th e on ly arrow m iss ed

wa s th e 5 9 th shot at 1 0 0 y ard s t h e p articul ar of th e s core
, ,

b ein g

Whenshootin g with th e Roya l Toxophilit e S ociety on J une

2 3 1 8 5 4 th e roun
, , d b e ing 9 6 arro ws at 1 0 0 yard s 7 2 arrows ,

at 8 0 yard s an d 48 arro ws at 60 yard s h e m ad e th e follo win

, g ,

score
H i ts Sc ore H i ts S c ore H i ts Sc ore

79 37 3 71 32 5 197 101 1

His b est doubl e York Round m a de priv at ely , , seem s to be as

follows 3
H its Sc ore H i ts S core

61 29 5 48 30 6
63 299 46 2 78

Total

His b est s coring at 1 00 yard s is re present e d by 37 1 with 69

h it s

from hi s se cond b est York Round s c ore of

H its Sc ore H i ts Sc o re H i ts Sc ore

69 37 1 48 2 74 24 1 54

his b est s core at 80 yard s b ein

g 30 6 with all th e 48 hit s ,

G R B BK .

10 19 15 2
2 82 A R CH E R Y

and hi s be s t at 60 yard s 1 86,

G . B .

10 13

Mr H
. . A Ford him self report s on
. e of hi s own m o st

e xt raordin ary fe at s a s follow s : N ot b u t what I h av e b e enth e

origin ato r of a re sp ect abl e fluke or t wo my s elf i nmy t i m e .

F or in s t an c e onth e second day of th e first Gran

, d N ational
Meetin g at Shrewsbury i n1 8 5 4 anold arch er M r Hughes , , .
,

o ff ere d a silv er brac er as a priz e for m o st golds at an y o ne e nd ,

1 0 0 yard s to t ak e prece d en c e of 8 0 and 8 0 yard s of 60 Ina , .

very f ew min ut es t wo gentl em en M e s srs G arnett an d Hilt on , .

,

if I remember rightly got t wo ; but thi s was n , ot en ough th e ,

thi rd arrow b ein g d estine d to go th ere a s w e ll Accordin gly .

,

but a f ew roun ds a fter my friend Ch an c e c am e to my ai d

, ,

an d s o th e whol e thre e we n t in to th e d e s ire d spot Now th e .

combin ationh e re wa s c u ri ou s B u t on c e during my arch ery

.

e xp eri en c e h as a special priz e b eenoff ere d for a feat of thi s

p articular n ature an d up onth at occ a sion an
, d th at occ as ion ,

on ly i na m atch have thre e gold s b eengot at one en

,
d by on e ,

s hoot er at 1 0 0 yard s Arch er s R e gi s t e r

’ ’ ’

, ,

Mr B ram h all give s a goo d id e a of Mr F ord s in domit able ’

. .

p erseveran ce If h e say s I rep ort e d a goo d s core h e perse

.
,
’
, ,

vered until h e h ad b eat eni t e g i n1 8 5 3 March 7 I com pl et e d

— . .
, ,

40 9 foll owin g hit s at 60 y ard s H e s oonsent me a report of .

a littl e ov e r 600 Arch e r s R egi s t er

’ ’

M r J oh nB ra mha ll s b e st s in
. gl e York R ou n
’
d was m ad e
Novemb er 2 5 1 8 5 1 ,

H i ts Sc o re

61 31 7

I n 1 8 49 th e ge of th e 5 4 York Ro und s h e shot wa s

v
a era

453 s core fro m 1 0 3 hit s ; i n1 8 5 0 it w a s 50 2 from 1 1 0 hit s i n

7 0 roun d s i n1 8 5 1 it was 5 6 1 from 1 1 7 hit s i n64 round s ; i n
1 8 5 2 it was 5 7 5 from 1 1 7 h i t s i n52 roun d s ; and i n1 8 53 it
wa s 5 67 fro m 1 1 4 hit s i n38 ro un d s Ins hoot i n g at 1 0 0 yard s .
2 84 A R CH E R Y

sh ot o nO ctober 1 6 , 1 8 8 4, a nd
H i ts Sc o re H i ts Sc ore H i ts Sc ore

50 2 24 44 22 0 24 1 48

s hot onO ctober 2 9 1 8 8 5 , .

M ajor C H F i s her s (Ch ampion1 8 7 1 2 3 4 an

. .
— — — ’
d m a de ,

highe s t score at Wind sor i n1 8 8 4 wh en Mr Ne sh am be c am e .

c h am pio n) b e s t Y o rk Rou nd s c o re i n t h e book s of t h e Roy a l

T oxophilite Soc ie ty m ade onJ uly 2 1 8 8 5 i s as follow s
, , ,

H i ts Sc ore H its Sc ore H i ts Sc ore H i ts Sc ore

53 2 39 42 1 92 24 1 36 1 19 55 7

n
a d hi s next be st made onO ctob er 2 0
, ,
1 87 1 , i s

H i ts Sc ore H i ts Sc ore Hi t s S c ore H i ts S c ore

47 22 7 42 1 94 23 113 1 12 534

Hi sb est p rivat e practic e s c ore o nth e York Round i s th e fol

lowing :

m ad e onMay 2 5 1 8 7 2 an d h e rep ort s th at thi s Roun

,
d was
shot too q u ickly an d might h a ve b eenimmove d if h e h ad
,

ta kenmore p ains .

H e h a s m a d e th e following good double roun d s i npractic e ,

na m ely

M ay 2 7 nd 28 a , 1 8 73
J uly 2 3 and 24 , 1 8 74

a nd i n1 8 7 6
H i ts Sc ore H i ts Sc ore

J une 12, 50 1 96 43 213

1 3, 46 1 94 45 2 33

Totals 2 30 1 0 52

a nd i n1 8 7 7 a s ingl e Yo rk R ound
H i ts S co re H i ts Sc ore H its Sc ore

S ep t 7 ,
. 55 241 44 2 02 23 125
 CL U B S H OO TI N G A N D P R I VA TE P R A C TI CE 2 85

M r T T S M etca lf e s (Royal Toxophilite Soci ety) b e s t

’
. . . .

s ingl e York Rou nd is

H i ts S c ore H i ts Sc ore H i ts S c ore

54 2 58 37 1 73 19 93

m a de o nM ay 22 , 1 8 8 6 , i npriva te pra ctic e .

Mr C H. . . E v erett
’
s b e s t s ingle York Round s appear to
H i ts Sc ore H i ts S core H its Sc ore H i ts Sc ore

A u g 9 , 1 88 0
. 45 1 79 41 2 29 22 1 14 1 08 522

April 48 1 80 42 2 22 24 1 34 1 14 536
1 6, 54 214 37 1 77 24 1 58 1 15 549

m ade i nprivat e practic e .

At a m ee tin g of th e Roya l Toxophilite Society onO ct ob er

4 1 8 7 4 h e s core d
, ,

H i ts S c ore H i ts Sco re

45 187 40 1 90

a nd againi nth e Re gent s P ark onS ept emb er 30 ’

, 1 880

H i ts S c ore H i ts Sc ore H i ts Sco re H i ts Score

52 1 92 41 2 09 23 1 09 1 16 51 0

and o nO ct ob er 1 4 , 1 8 80
H i ts Sc ore H i ts Sc ore H its Score

50 2 24 38 1 66 22 1 16

Mr W J. . . R i c hards on (R oy al
Toxophilit e Society) h as a
good score onth e York Roun d i nth e b ooks of th e Royal Toxo
ph ili t e Soci e ty m a d e onJ u ne 7,1 8 6 0 ,

H i ts S c ore H i ts S c ore H i ts Sc ore H i ts Score

44 1 90 39 193 21 1 33 1 04 51 6

as l o h as M r W R i mi n
a s gton (Roy a l T o.x oph ilit e.Soci e ty )
champion1 8 68 69 and 1877 -

H its Sc ore H i ts Sc ore H i ts Sc ore

48 206 42 1 78 24 1 20

m ade onJ uly 2 , 1 8 69 .

Co l H. . F . C . L ewen3 (Roy al Toxop hi lit e Soci ety) b es t

 2 86 A R CH E R Y

s core s h ave be enm a d e i nprivat e practic e at E lth a m , i nth e

l at e Mr Mill s grou n
. d s and are’

H i t s Score H i ts Sc ore

41 , 1 99 38 1 94

m ad e o nNovember 3 , 1 8 70 , and
H i ts S c ore H its Sc ore H i ts Sc ore

50 22 6 36 1 46 24 1 36

m ad e i n1 8 69 .

M r G E S F ryer (Ch ampioni n1 8 7 5

. . . . Roy al Toxophilite
,

Society ) b es id e s h i s exc ellent s core

, of 6 39 with 1 2 7 hit s h as ,

an oth er v ery go o d York Rou n d s core i nth e book s of th e Roy a l

T oxophilit e Society m ade onJ une 3 , , 1 873
H its S core H i ts S c ore H its S c ore

55 2 35 47 2 49 24 1 38

He m a d e anoth er fine York Round onAugu s t 1 5 , 1 8 7 3, i n

privat e practic e :
H i ts Sc ore H i ts S c ore

54 2 38 1 24 60 6

a n
d in th e b ook s of th e R oyal Toxophilit e S ociety i n1 8 7 4 ,

o nMay 2 7
H i ts S c ore

50 2 00

o nJ u ne 17

H i ts S c ore H i ts Sc ore H i ts Sc ore

58 2 42 44 2 00 23 1 55

a nd onJ uly 1

H its Sc ore H its Sc ore H i ts S c ore

48 1 84 45 2 43 117 559

M r H H P a la i ret s (Ch ampioni n1 8 7 6, R oy al T oxoph i lit e

’
. . .

S ociety) b es t s c ore s o nth e York Round app ear to b e th e

followin g
H i ts Sc ore Hi t s Sc ore H its Sc ore

45 2 39 24 108 1 22 5 88
‘
2 88 A R CH E R Y

Mr R Walters (Ch ampio ni n 1 8 7 9 Royal Toxophilit e

. .
,

Society ) h as m ad e som e good scores i nprivat e practic e of ,

which th e b e st appear to b e as follows

H i ts Sc ore H i ts Sc o re H i ts Sc ore

Oc t 2 5 , 1 88 4
. 48 1 84 43 211 23 1 33
Au g 1 5, 1 88 5
. 45 18 7 44 2 14 24 126

Mr J .
(R o
. y H
a l Tox o
. ph i li
B ridges
t e Soci e ty ’

) b e s t s ingl e

York Rou n
d s i nprivat e practic e are :
H i ts Sc ore Hi ts Sco re

Oc t 7 , 1 88 1
. 39 18 1 42 2 22
J une 8 , 1 884

At 1 00 yard s i n7 2 ,
arr ows ,
h e h a s m ad e

April 2 , 1 884

At 80 y ard s i n48 , arr ows ,

h e h as m a de
J anu ary 2 7 , 1 88 7

At 60 yard s i n2 4 arrows
,

Apri l 2 3, 1 88 4

and i n1 00 arr ows at 60 yards

S e p t e m b er 1 8 , 1 8 7 9

It will b e ob served that n e arly all Mr B ridge s practic e .

’

occurs early or l at e i nth e season as c rick et ab sorbs much of ,

h i s att entioni nth e s ummer .

M r L R E rs k i n
. e (R oy a l Toxophilit e S o ci ety ) h as m a d e
. .

s om e good s in gle York Round s i nprivate pra ctic e viz ,

H i ts S c ore H i ts S c ore H i ts S core

N ov 8 , 1 88 6
. 49 195 41 215 22 1 22
M ar 1 , 1 88 7
. 50 210 46 2 22 23 117
5, 53 231 46 1 98 24 1 26
11, 52 22 0 45 22 7 23 1 33
 CL U B S H O O TI N G A N D P R I VA TE P R A C TI CE

Th e full partic ulars of lll r O K P res c o t s (Royal T oxo . . .

’

p h ili t e S o ci e ty) b e s t p riv a t e p ra ctic e d o ubl e Y o rk R o und s co re

o f 1 1 9 7 c an not b e given as they h ave be enlo st or d e stroyed

,
.

It was shot intwo day s of S ept embe r 1 8 67 Th e fi rst t ot al .

s c o re was 62 1 an d th e s core a t 1 00 yard s wa s 2 5 6 2 0 0 —

,

h aving b e enmade i nth e fi rs t 4 doz e n Th e s e cond round was .

5 6 7 an
, d i nthi s rou n
,
d th e sc ore at 8 0 y ard s was 249 Th e
,
.

m o s t an noying thing about th e round wa s tha t th e l a s t arrow

a t 60 y ard s m i s s e d th e t arg et wh e na bla ck e v enwould h a v e ,

bro ught th e t ot al up to 1 2 0 0 .

Mr H J B Ken da ll s (Royal T oxophili t e S o ciety) b e s t

’
. . . .

s c o re i nt h e Y ork Ro u n d wa s ma de i n private practic e on

Au gus t 1 4 1 8 8 4 ,

H i ts Sc o re

46 222

Onthi s cc asionth e 2 arrows n

o ot c o u nt e d at 8 0 y ard s we nt
through we ak plac e s i nth e t arget .

H e al s o m a d e 5 2 hit s 2 2 4 s c ore at 1 0 0 y ard s onAu g 2 8 .

1884 .

OnJ uly 5 1 8 7 7 h e made 3 gold s i none end at 1 00 yard s

, ,

i nth e c o urs e o f t h e S u mm er Handic ap match of th e Royal

T oxophili te S ocie ty rep eating th e fe at pe rform ed by Mr H A
, . . .

F ord at Shrewsbury i n1 8 5 4 .

M r O L ei gh Cla re (Royal T o xophi li te Society ) h a s m ade

. .

some goo d p riv at e p ra ctic e vi z , .

H its Sc o re

Ju ly 52 2 66

i nth e s ingl e York Round ; a nd i n7 2 a rro ws at 100 yards

H i ts Sc o re

Oc t o b e r 1 2 , 1 8 7 8 56 2 50

l o i n48
a s arro ws at 80 yard s
J uly 1 3, 1 8 78

Mr . C . J . P erry K een
e m ad e
-
th e follo wing fine c
s ore

U
 2 90 A R CH E R Y

i n privat e practic e o nJ uly 2 4, 1 88 6 , i n th e s ingl e York

Rou nd :
H i ts Sc ore H i ts Sco re H i ts Sc ore

57 22 5 45 2 29 24 1 50

a nd two other good s cores m ade by him are

H i ts Sc o re H i ts Sc ore H i ts S c ore

M ay 45 2 17 40 1 88 23 1 19
7 . 51 215 45 19 9 24 1 52
A pri l 18 , 1 88 7 , 48 2 02 44 230 24 124

I npriv at e practic e M r . F . A . Gov ett (Royal Toxophilit e

S ociety) m ade
H i ts Sc ore H i ts Sc ore H i ts Score

Oc t ob e r 1 2 , 1 883, 50 204 38 1 84 21 113

a nd onMay 29, at o ne of th e m e e tings of th e sa me s ociety , he

made
H i ts Sc ore H i ts Sc ore H i ts Sc ore

52 1 98 41 2 09 24 1 14

Ag a i n, inprivat e pra ctic e , h e m a de o nApril 1 1 , 1884

H i ts Sc ore H its S c ore H i ts Sc ore H i ts S c o re

38 1 74 43 215 23 1 23 104 512

OnS e pt emb er 2 3, 1 8 8 6, M r F L G ovett (Roy al Tox op h i . . .

lit e S ociety) s c ore d i nprivat e pra ctic e

H i ts Sc ore H its S c ore H its Sc ore

47 22 7 40 1 76 24 1 30

M r F Town
s end s (Wood manof Ard en York Roun
’
. .
) b e s t d
c
s ore a pp ears to be as foll ows :
H i ts Score H i ts Sc ore H i ts Sc ore

49 2 37 33 1 77 22 1 02

ma d e o nD ecemb er 2 7 1 8 62 .

He ldom pra ctise d th e York Ro u n

se d an d n e v er allow ed ,

h i s arch ery practice to in t erfere with h i s o ther num erou s

a v oc ati ons .
292 A R CH E R V

InO ctob er of th e m e year i n7 2 arrows at 1 0 0 y ards h e

sa ,

m a d e 48 hit s 2 2 0 s c ore an d m a de 3 gold s i no n e en ,d .

H e re port s th a t h i s fath er Mr H G arn e tt s ho o ting with , . .

,

th e J oh no G a u n
’
t Bowm enonone o cc as ion s core d 5 0 0 i nth e ,

York Rou nd .

An oth e r J oh no G a un t Bowm an llI r B P G regso n h a s

’
. . .
, ,

s c ore d a s much a s 49 7 i nth e York R o u n d .

A g oo d St G e orge s Rou n d (of 36 arrows a t e ach dis t anc e )

’
.

m a d e by AI r llI a rr i s .

1 00 Ya rds
H its S c o re

24 1 14

a nothe r by Mr H ea th
. .

1 00 Ya rds 80 Ya rds 60 Ya rds

H it s S c o re H i ts S c o re H i ts S c ore

25 89 31 1 39 35 2 03

A g oo d St G eorge s Rou nd m a d e by M r
.
’
. E . M a i tla nd

(Ch a m pi o ni n1 8 48 R oy a l T o x o philit e S
, o ci e ty ) is :

1 00 Yards 80 Ya rds 60 Yards

H i ts S c ore H i ts S c o re H i ts S c o re

25 97 34 1 90 36 196

a nd h e s ays : I t rie d hard to c atch up Mr H A F o rd . . .

o nm y re tu rnt o E n gland from Au st ralia i n 1 8 58 but h a d ,

s c arc e ly got within2 5 p e r c e n t o f h i s s c ore s wh e nI brok e .

d own from overwork b ows too st rong an

— d practic e to o u n ,

re m ittin g H e s aid i f I did not b e at h i m th e re wa s no one

.
,

e l s e i nth e fi e ld t o do i t I d ont think I e ver s hould b e c au s e

.
’

I h a d not h i s ind om it able s teadine s s and th re w away many a

s h o t ona ch an c e : for I w as a ra pid sho ot er I n e ve r dwe lt .

onth e ai m a s h e did
’
.

M r T L Cou ls on(Royal T ox ophilit e So ci e ty) rec orde d h i s

. . .

fi rs t s core o f 5 0 0 ont h e s in g l e Y ork R o u nd o n M a y 1 1 8 6 1 , ,

o nN ove m b e r 1 8 1 8 62 : ,

H i ts S c o re H i ts S c o re

2 28 20 7
 CL U B S H O O TI N G A N D P R I VA TE P R A C TI CE

a nd onO ct ob er 2 1 , 1 8 65
H its Sc ore H i ts S core H i ts Sc ore H i ts S c ore

56 224 44 198 24 1 36 1 24 55 8

OnJ anu ary 1 3, 1 86 9 , h e m a d e 3 gold s i none end at 1 0 0 yard s .

.

M r J A F rou de (Roy al T o xophilit e Society) s ays : I did

. . .

on c e make ! a s c ore o f ! over 50 0 ! i nth e s ingl e York Rou n d! i n

a p riva t e m atch but only onc e an d th e re c ord o f it h a s lon , g
v an i she d Rich ard son an
. d Sp e ddi n g w e r e b o th s h o o ti n g o n
th at o cc as i on and I f or a m ira cle i n th at s ingl e in
, ,
s t an ce ,

b ea t Rich ardson Thi s prob ably h appene d about 1 8 60

.
’
.

It i s generally b eli ev e d th at th e privat e practi c e of M r .

G E dw a rds (Ch ampioni n1 8 60 1 2 4 6) wa s f ar b eyon

.
— — — — d his
pu blic s h ooting H e h a s b ee nhe ard to s ay th at though Mr
.
, .

F o rd h a d b eenable to l and only 7 1 o f th e 7 2 arrow s s hot at

1 00 ya rd s i n th e t a rge t (m i s si n g h i s 5 9th arrow) h e (Mr , .

G E ) h ad put all h i s 7 2 arrows int o th e t arge t at th e sam e

. .

di s t anc e Th ere i s no re asont o dis b elie ve h i s posi tive s ta te

.

men t th at onone oc c a sion s hootin g 2 4 arrows at 60 y ards

, ,

h e put e v ery on e o f th e m i nt h e re d ci rcl e .

S om e o f th e s c ore s m a de by M r E dwa rd M a s oni nprivat e .

practic e were very larg e and it i s to b e re g rett e d th at no ,

a ctu a l d et ail s c anb e giv e n It i s we ll kn ownh owe v e r th at on

.
, ,

s ev e ra l o cc a s i ons h e m a d e a s c ore of ove r 1 0 0 0 onth e d o ubl e

York Round and were th e fi gures available th ey co uld not

,

fa i l to b e of wid e intere s t Arc h ers R e gi s t er 1 8 8 2

’ ’
,
’

M r P e er M u i r (Ch am pion1 8 45 7 an
. t — d 1 8 63) w as a m ost
s ucc e ss ful s h ot at all di s t an c es s hort as we ll as l ong but , ,

p rob ably seldom if e ver practis e d th e York Round Mr

, , . .

H A F ord give s as h i s b e s t s c ore th e foll owin

. . g m a d e at t h e ,

di st anc e o from 2 0 to 30 yard s 2 shot s 2 hit s a ha wk and

f —
, ,

a c row (fac t ) .

M r E M eyri c k say s
. . It i s t rue that I have seen E s cott
hurl h i s eight shilling arrows from a b ow of 8 0 lb s and te n .

s hilli n g arrows from a 1 0 0 i h b ow but th enh e c ould no t do -

.
,

m uc h hitt i n g I s h o u.ld thi nk s o m e thi ng a uth e n ti c m u s t e x i s t

2 94 A R CH E R V

of my old frie n d Ill a rs h s lo ng s ho t o f 360 y ards up an

’
d d o wn .

H e wo uld hit h alf h i s arro ws a t 1 0 0 yard s v ery o ften a s m ay ,

’

b e s e enfrom th e e xtra ct s giv e nfrom h i s a ctual s c o re s .

A po i n t o f inte res t i nM r W B u tt s (Royal T o xophilite ’

. .

Society) sh o oti ng i s th at h e sh ot with both h and s though

, ,

on ly ono ne o cc as iondid h e s h oot two roun d s onth e sam e

day o n, e with e ach h an d Thi s was at a We st Berk s m ee ting
.

a t Coom b e Woo d S u rrey (S i r W B a yn , e s ) a s follow s .

,

H its S c o re H its S c ore H it : S c o re H i ts Sc ore

34 1 34 28 1 22 21 10 5 83 36 1 R i gh t h an
-
de d
16 68 23 77 21 95 60 240 L e f t h an
-
de d

H is b est right h and e d sh oo ting

-
wa s as follo ws
80 Yards
H i ts S c ore

43 215

s hot o nO ct ob er 3, 1 8 6 3 ; a nd on O ctob er 9 , 1 8 6 3,
a rrows a t 60 yard s
H i ts S c ore G . R . B .

1 10 640 19 32 39

OnF ebru ary 8 , 1 8 64, i na York R ound

H its S c o re H its S c o re H its S c o re

48 2 16 42 1 72 23 1 13

a nd onM arch 1 2 , 1 8 64, at 80 y ard s 41 hit s 20 7 s core i nth e

48 arro ws .

Sh ooting l eft h ande d h i s b es t s c o res i n th e book s o f t h e

-
,

Roy al T ox ophilit e S ociety are 47 hit s 2 0 1 s c ore i n7 2 arrow s ,

a t 1 0 0 y a rd s onth e fi rs t h a lf of th e sh o otin
, g onth e Grun de n
D ay onApril 1 8 1 8 67 ; an d onMay 30 i nth e s am e y e ar i n
,

t h e York R ou n d
H i ts S c ore

44 206

a nd onO ct ob er yard s 2 4 hit s with 1 60 s c ore

5 , 1 8 7 6, at 60 ,

re c ord f or 6 0 yard s s ho otin g i n th e York Roun d at t h e

m e etin gs o f th e R oy a l T o x o p hilit e S oc i e ty .
2 95 A R CH E R Y

and i nth e cours e o f this s c ore at 50 yard s m ade 6 c onsec u

, ,

tive gold s i none do ubl e en

~

d .

Mis s Riple y (n ow M rs Bra dford ) sh oo ting at a Priz e

.
,

M ee ting of th e T orbay Arch ers onAugu st 5 1 8 7 1 i s re p ort e d , , ,

to h ave s c ore d

M rs Piers F
. . L egh , s ho oting at h om e o n S e ptemb er 9,
1881, c
s ore d
60 Yards 50 Yards TOTA LS
H its S c ore H its S c ore H i ts S c o re

48 31 6 24 1 62 a 72 47 8

D o ubtl es s m an y other arch ers h ave already m ad e not e

worthy s c ore s i n t h e c ourse o f th e ir p rivat e p ractic e Th e s e .

s c ore s and t h e m an y oth ers h ereaft er to b e m a de as m uch a s ,

po ssibl e b e tt er th anan y h e re in giv e n th e e dit o r (with M r ,

.

H A F ord s adi e u of F arewell an

. .
’
d sh oo t well ) will gl a dly
’

re co rd i nth e fo urth e dition .

P R I NTED BY

S POTTIS WOODE A ND CO ., N EW -S TR EET SQU A RE

O
L ND N O
 A CATALOG U E OF W O R KS

ENERA L L ITE R A T
PU B L I S H E D BY

MES S RS LO NG MA NS G REEN .
, ,

3 9 PA TER NO S TER R O W , LO N D O N , E C . .

1 5 E A ST 1 OTH S T R EE T , N EW Y O K R .

M ES S R S L O N G M A N S, G R EEN , 8: C O . .

I ssu e t h e u ndermenti o ned L i s ts of t h ei r P u b li c a ti o ns , w h i c h may b e h a d pos t f ree o n

a ppli c a t i o n
I . MO N TH L Y L I ST OF N EW W OR KS AND 6 . CA A O UE
T L G or S CH OO L B OO KS AND
N EW E DI I O NT S . E D C A I O NA U T L W O KS R .

2 .
QU A T E R RLY LIST O F A NN OU N C E 7 CA A O E O F B OO K
T L GU E S FOR LE
ME N T S W O KS
.

AND N EW R .
ME N A S C OO AND PU P I
T RY H LS L
TE A C H ER S.
3 . N O TE S O N B OO K S ; B EIN G A N A I AN LY S S
OF T W O K HE R S P U B I E D D U IN L SH R G
CA A O U T EO O I C A W O K
E A C QU A T H
8 . T L G E or H L G L R S
D VI E AND M M B OF
R ER .
BY I N S E ER S TH E

4 . CA A O UE O F S C I N I I C
T L G E T F W OR KS .
C U C OF E A D
H R H NG L N .

5 . CA A O UE O F M C A
T L G ED I L AND S U I CA
RG L g . CA TA LO G UE o r W OR KS IN GE N A
ER L
VVO R KS . L ITE ATU E R R .

A B B EY (R e v C h arle s a nd OV E R T O N A C TON (Eli z a )

(R ev J o h n
. .

.
M OD E R N O O KE R Y C . W i th 1 50 W oo
TH E EN GLI S H C H U R CH I N TH E c ut s. F c p 8 v o 4s 6d
. . . .

C E N TU R Y C
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EI G H TE E N TH r. 8vo
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A M OS )
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A S KE LE TO N O U TL I N E O F G R E E K C r 8 v o 6s
. . .

H I S TOR Y h ro no lo i c a lly A rra n

g ge d . C .

A N N U A L R E G I S TE R (TH E )
Cr 8 v o 23 6d A R ev ie .

Pb
u li c Ev e n t s at H o m e an
. . . .

of d A b ro a
A H I S TOR Y O F G R EE E C f o r t h e y e ar 1 8 9 1 8v o 1 85
P
.

I —F ro m t h e Ea rli e s t Ti m e s t o t h e
. .
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art
fl nn
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Io n i a nR e v o lt C r 8 v o 1 0 3 6d ,
’
V o lu m e s o f t h e
‘
A u al R e gi s t e r
’
f o
t h e y e a rs 1 8 6 3 1 8 9 0 c a ns t i ll b e h ad
. . . .

P
.

art I I — 5 oo 44 5 B C C r 8 v o 1 0 s 6d
-
- .
. . . . . . .

H E L L E N I CA A o lle c t i o no f E s s ay s o n
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A N S T EY
C A u t h o r o f V i c e V e rs a
G re e k P
oe t ry , h i lo s o p h y , H i s t o ry and P
R e li gi o n E di t e d b y E E L Y
. A TT , T H E B L A C K O OD L E , V
a n d o t h e r S tN BB O
o ri es P
M A .
, LL D . 8 v o 1 6s . .
C r 8 v o .
2 s o a rd s ; 2 5
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6 d c lo t h . . . b . . .

VO CE S P O P U L I R e pri n t e d f ro m ‘
un ch . P
A C L A N D (A H D y k e , . an d R AN . W i t h I llu st rat i o n s by B RN RD RT J . E A PA
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A H A N D B O OK I N O U TL I N E OF S e ri e s F c p 6 3 . . .

TH E O L I TI A L P
H I S TOR Y OF C TH E TR A VE L L I N G C OM PA N I ON S
E N G L A N D TO 1 89 0 h ro no lo gi cally . C R e pri n P
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 A CA TA L OG U E OF B OOKS I N GE N E R A L L I TE R A TU R E

A R I S T OT L E . A R N O L D (T .
,
f o rm e rly H e a d M as t
TH E O L I TI P G He CS . kk e r s G re e
’
k Te x t Rug y S c h o o l
of b .

of k
B o o s I I I I IV (V I L ) , w i th an . . . I N TR O D U C TO R Y L E C T U R E S O N M
En gli s h T ra ns la t i o nb y W E B LL , . . O AND D ER N H I S TO R Y 8 v o 73 6 d . . . .

M A ; an
. d s h o rt I n
. t ro du c t o ry E s say s b y C
M I S E L L A N E O U S W OR KS 8 vo 7 3 6
A L AN
. G, M A C r 8 v o 7 3 6d . . . . . .
. . .

TH E P O L I TI C S In t d t y E y ro uc o r s sa s.
A S H L EY (w J
By AN E W L AN (F m B ll nd nd .

DR G. ro o a a
E N G L I S H E C O N O M I C H I S TOR Y A N
L n ag P li t i
’
sC 8 6d o cs r . vo . 2 3 . .

TH E O R Y art I Th e M i ddle A ge P
TH E E TH I C S k T t I ll t t d . .

w i th E n d
G
N t B S i A E A
re e ex ,

r
us ra e
L X N
C r 8 v o 53
. . . P a rt II .

y ssa y s a o es .

D ERG A B t l 8 N T,
3 2 vo s vo . 23
A TE L I ER (TH E ) D U L Y S : o r, A n
R ar . . .

TH E N I C OM A C H E A N E TH I C S N w ly : e
S t u de nt i nt h e R e i gn o f Te rro r By t
T nl ra d in t En
s at e
gli h B y R OB E o s . RT
Autho r o f M ade mo i se lle M o ri C
.

W IA I LL C 8 7 6 d
MS . r. vo . 3. .
8 v o 2 3 6d . . .

A R M S T R O N G (G F S ava g e
P OE M S L y ri c al and D ramat i c
. .

. Fc p 8vo . .
BY TH E S A ME A U O TH R .

63 M A D E M O I S E L L E M OR I a Tale
M ode rnR o me
.

C r 8 v o 2 3 6d
KI N G SA UL (T h e Tra e
g yd of I srae l, . . . . .

CH I L D I ll O D
.

P art I ) F c p 8 v o 53 TH A T . u s t ra t e d by G R
B O WN
. . . .

R C 8 E r vo . 2 3. 6d
KI N G D A VI D (Th e Trage dy of I srae l,
. . .

U N D E R A CL O U D
.

Part II .
) F c p 8 v o 63 . . .
. Cr 8 vo . . 23 . 6d .

KI N G S O L OM O N (T h e T ra e
g yd of TH E F I D D L E R OF L U GA U . W
A ON
.

P
I srae l, art II I ) F c p 8 v o 63 . . . .
Illu s t rat i o ns by W . R LS T .

8 vo 2 3 6 d
U G ON E A Trage dy F C p 8 v o 63
. . .

CH I LD
. . . .

A G A R L A N D F R OM G R E E CE P oe m s .
A TH E R E VOL U TI O
W i t h I llu s t rat i o ns by S TA N I L A N
OF
C J
F Cp 8 v o 7 3 6d . .
. . . .

Cr 8 v o 23 6d
S TO R I E S O F W I CKL O W : P oe ms . Fcp .
.

H E S TE R S VE N T U R E
.

’
. .

: a N ove l C
8 v o 7 s 6d . . .
.

8 v o 2 3 6d
P
M E H I S TO H E L E S IN B R OA D P . .

I N TH E O L D E N TI M E : a Tale o f t
.

C
L O TH a S a t i re F c p 8 v o 4S . . . .

Pe as a nt W ar i n G e rman C 8
O N E I N TH E I N F I N I TE a oe m Cr P . .
2 3 6d. .
y r v . .

8 v o 7 3 6d . . .

TH E Y O U N GE R S I S TE R 51 Ta!
TH E L I F E A N D L E TTE R S O F E D :
Cr 8 v o 63
M U N D 7 A R M S TR ON G
' . . .

F c p 8vo . . . .

7 3 6d
B A C O N (F ran
. .

c is ) .

A R M S T R O N G (E dmun d C P
O M L E TE W OR KS Edi te d b y R .

I J
.

P O E TI CA L W O R KS F c p 8 v o 53 . . . . EL L S, S P E D D IN G an
. d D D HE . . A T

E S S A Y S A N D S KE TCH E S F c p 8 v o 53 . . . . 7 v o ls . 8 v o £3 1 33 6d . . .

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L E TTE R S A N D L I F E , I N C L U D I N
Q ue e ns C o lle ge
’
. A LL H I S O A S I ON A L W O R K CC
. Edi t e d b y S PE D D I N G 7 v o ls 8 v J . . .

ELI ZA B E TH F A R N ES E Th e Te rm a £4 45 .

ga nt o f S p ai n 8 v o 1 63 TH E E S S A Y S w i th An no t at i o ns .

A W H A TE L Y
. . .

R I CH RD D D 8vo 1 0 3
A R N O L D (S i r Edw in
. . . .
,

,
TH E E S S A Y S w i th In t ro duc t i o n, NO
TH E L I G H T OF TH E W O R L D o r, t h e an d In de x By E A A TT , D D BB O
on s u mm at i o n C P
. . . . .

G re at A oem Cr . . .
v o ls f c
p 8 vo
p ri c e 6 3 T e x t a nd In d
8 vo 73 6d n
. . . .

. et . . .
nly , w i t h o u t I n
O t ro du c t i o nan d N otes,
P re s e nt a t i o n Edi t i o n W i t h I llu s t rat i o n s . I v o l. fc p 8 v o . . 2s . 6d .

by W H L .H T, & c 4t O M AN U N
o 2 0 3 n e t . . . .

S EA S A N D L A N D S R e pri n t ed le t t e rs . B A D M IN T O N L IB RARY (T H
f ro m t h e D a i ly Te le grap h W ith 7 1 Edi t ed b y t h e D U KE OF B A U FO T E R K
F E D E T W A TS O N
, .

I llu s t rat i o ns Cr 8 v o 7 3 6d . . . . . a ss i s t e d b y A L R . . .

P O TI PH A R ’
S WI F E , a nd ot h er P oe m s . A TH L E TI CS AND F O O TB A L L .

Cr 8v o 53 n . et . . . M O TA UE N G SH R E A M AN W i th 5 1 . I ll
A D Z U M A , o r t h e ap ane se J W i fe . A P lay .
t ra t i o ns . Cr 8 vo . . 103 6d . .

C r 8 v o 63 6d n
. et . . . .
! C o nt i nued onn
ex t ! I
4 A CA TA L O G U E OF B O OKS I N G E N E R A L LI TE R A T U R E

B EA C O N S F I E L D (Th e Ea rl o f ) . B O Y D (A K H . .
—c o nti nu ed .

N O VE L S A N D TA L E S h e ap Edi t i o n . C . LEI S U R E H O UR S IN TO W N . C
Co m ple t e i n I I v o ls C r 8 v o 1 3 e ac h , . . . . 8vo .
33 . 6d .

b
o ard s ; 1 3 6d e a c h , c lo t h . . .
L E S S O N S O F M I D D LE A G E . Cr SV .

VI VI A N G R E Y .
3 6d
3 . .

TH E Y O U N G D U KE . é ’
e .
O U R L I TTL E L I F E Tw o S e ri e s C . .

A L R O Y , I X I ON , &‘ c . 8 v o 33 6d e a c h
. . . .

C ON TA R I N ! FLEJ I IN G , é ’
c. O U R H OM E L Y O M E D Y : A N D TR C
H E N R I E TTA TE A/P L E .
G ED Y C r 8 v o 33 6d . . . . .

VE N E TI A . TA N CR E D
'

.
PR E S E N T DAY TH O U G H TS . C
CO N I N GS B Y S YB I L 8v o 33 6d
. . .

C
. .

L O TH A I R E N D Y AI I ON R E R EA TI O N S OF A CO U N TR
P
. .

A R S ON Th re e S e ri e s Cr SV
N O VE L S A N D TA L E S Th e H u gh e n
.

P
' .

6 d h Also I s t s e ri e s
.

de n Edi t i o n . W i th 2 P o rt ra i t s and II 33 . e ac .

Edi t i o n 8 v o 6 d
o pu l . .

V i gne tt e s . II v o ls . Cr 8 v o . .
42 3 .
. . .

S EA S I D E M U S I N G S . Cr 8v o . .

B E C KE R (P rof es s o r) .
S UND A Y A F TE R N O ON S IN TH
o r, R o m a nS c e ne s i nt h e Ti me
GA LL U S
P P
AR I SH H U R H O F A S O TTI S C C C
of A u gu s t u s . Illu s t rat e d 8 v o 73 6d . o st . . .
U N I VE R S I TY I TY C I 8 v o 33 C . . .

Illu s t rat i o n
.

CH A R I CL E S o r, s of t he
TO M E E T TH E DAY
’
t hro u gh ti
P ri v at e L i fe of th e An c ie n t G re e s k .
Ch nY e ar : be i ng a Te x t o f S c ri pt u r
ri s t i a
I llu s t rat e d . P o st 8 v o 7 3 6 d . . .
w i t h a nO ri gi n a l M e di t a t i o n a nd a Sho
S e le c t i o ni n V e rse f o r Ev e ry D ay C
B E L L (M rs H u gh )
.

. .
8 v o 43 6d
CH A M B ER C O M E D I E S : a C o lle c t i o no f
. . .

Pl y nd M nl g f
a s a o o o ue s or the D raw i ng B R A S S EY (La dy ) .

Room . C r 8 v o 63. . .

A VO Y A G E I N TH E S U N B EA M ‘

N U R S ER Y OM E D I E S Tw e lv e Ti ny C O U R H O M E O N TH E O E A N F O C
Play s f o r C h i ldre n F c a p 8 v o 1 3 6d . . . . .
E L E VE N M ON TH S .

B ENT Th e o dore , Li b E di t i o n W i t h 8 M a p s a n
(J rary .

C
h art s , a n d I I 8 Illu s t rat i o n
.

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M a ps .

i anEm i re B y
Th e R i s e o f th e M a c edo n .

A R TH U R M G U R TE I S M A W i t 8 M ap s EPO C H S OF CH U RCH H IS T OR
.
, . . .

Edi t e d by th e
R i gh t Rev M . AND E I
C EIR GHT ON , D D , B i s hop Of
. . Pt e e

EPO C H S OF M O D ER N H I S TO R Y bo ro u
gh . F C p 8 v o 2 3 6d e ac h
. . . . .

En g h C h urc h i no t h e r L an
.

Edi t e d b y C C O BEC K L M A Fc p 8v o Th e li s d
U KE
. . . . .
,

w i t h M a ps , 23 . 6d . e ac h .
B y the Rev H W T C R . . . .

Th e B e g i n
ning of th e M i ddle A g es By Th e H i s to ry of th e R ef orma ti oni nEn g
la n PE
.

V e ry R e v R H R W L L
th e . I C A D I IA M C U C H R H ,
d B y t h e R ev G
. RG G RRY . EO E . .

M A , & C , lat e D e anof S t

. . . P l W i th . au
’
s. A H is t o o f th e U ni v e rs i ty of O x f o rd
3 M a ps .
B y the o nG . . C . BR OD I C KR .

Th e N o rma n s i nEu rop e B y th e R ev . .

A H i s t o ry o f th e U ni v e rs i ty of Ca m
A H JO H S O , M A
. . N N
W i t h 3 M ap s . . .
b ri dg e B y J B S S M U L L G ER , M A
. . A IN . .

Th e C rus a des B y t h e Rev S i r G W . . . . Th e C h u rc h o f th e Early F at h ers B .

C o x , B art , M A W i t h a M ap . . . . A . P U M ME
L R, D D . .

Th e Ea rly P la n e n
et s B y t h e R i gh t
. T h e C h urc h a n
d th e R oma nEmpi r
Re v W S T . . U BB S , . D .
, B i s h o p Of Ox f o rd . B y th e R ev A . . CA RR.
W i t h 2 M aps .
!C o nti n
u ed o nnex t
p g
a e
 P U B LI S H E D B Y M E S S R S . L ON GM A N S , GR E E N , < 6 CO .

E POC H S O F C H U R C H H IS TO R Y F A L KE N E R (Edw ard ) .

co nti n
u ed .
G A M E S A N I E N T A N D O R I E N TA C
d th e Puri ta n
n P
,

Th e C h urc h a s ( 1 57 0 A N D H O W TO L A Y TH E M B ei1 .

By H O FF L EY W AK EM AN M , . A . t h e G am e s O f t h e A n c ient E gy p t i a ns t! ,

k
.

T h e Eva n g e li c al R e vi v al i n t h e E i gh H i e ra G ra m m e o f t h e G re e s , t h e L u d
L at ru n c u lo ru m o f t h e R o m a n an
t e en
t h C en t u ry B y t h e R e v J H s d ti ,

OV E TO R N
. . . .

I O ri e nt al G ame s of h ess D rau gh t C ,

B ac gam m o nan k d M agi c S q u are s W it

.

Th e C h urc h n
d th e Ea s t e rn E mpi re
.

B y th e R e v .
a
H . F To z E R
nu m e ro u s h o t o graph s , D i a grams , P
8v o
. .

2 15
H ilde b ra n n
. .

d a d hi s T i mes . B y th e R e v .

W . R . W . S TE P H E NS .
F A R N EL L (G e org e S ,
n
.

T h e Eng li s h C h urc h i t h e M i d dle A g es .

GR EE K L Y R I O E TR Y C P : a C o m p le
B y th e Rev . W . H U N T, M A . .
C ll i n f h S
o ec t o o t e ng Pa s s age s fro
u rv i v i

Th e P o pes a n
d th e H o h e s ta uf en
n . By th G k S ng W
e re e o -
ri t e rs A rran ge d w i 1 .

U GO B A ANI LZ . P f t y A ti l
re a o r r c es In tro d u c t o ry M a t t
P
,

Th e A ri a n C o n
trov ers y . By H . M .
and C m m nt y o e ar . W ith 5 l t a es . 8v
G W A T KI N , M A . .
1 65 .

t e r R ef o rma ti o n
Th e C o un W
(A rc h dea c on
By A F A R RA R )
- . .
.
.

W ARD
D A R KN E S S A N D D A W N : 0 1 , S e e n
.

W y c li fl n
d Ea rly M ov e me n of Re
'

e a ts i nt h e D ay s o f N e ro A nH i s t o ri c Ta!
E I A PO .

f orm . By R G N LD L . O LE, M A . .
C r 8 v o 7 s 6d
. . . .

LA N G U AGE A ND LA N G U AGES .

E P O C H S O F A M ER I C A N H I S T O R Y . R e v i s e d Edi t i o no f h apters o nL a ng ua C
E di t e d b y D r A L E R T B S H N E L L H R T , . B U A an d F a m i li e s of Speec h C r 8 v o 65 . . . .

A s s i s t ant P
ro f e s s o r O f H i s t o ry i nH arv ard

C o lle ge , U S A F c p 8 v o 33 6 d e a c h
. 5.

F I TZ P A T R IC K (w
.

J
.
A uth
. . . .

n EU B E N
. .
,
Th e C o lo i es (1 49 2 By R of
‘
o rre s p o nde nc e o f D anie l O Con
’
ne ll C
O
G L D TH WAI E
T S , S e c re t a ry o f t h e S t a t e
S E R E T S E R VI E U ND ER PI T C C
H i st o ri c al So c i e t y o f W i s c o n sin
8 v o 1 45
.

n nn
. .

F o rma ti o o f t h e U i o ( 1 7 50 By
AL BE
RT B S H N L L H A R T , A B , Ph D , U E
F ITZ W Y G R A M (M aj o r G e e ra l S i r F . . . . -
n
t h e Edi t o r o f t h e S e ri e s W i t h 5 M aps B a rt . .

) .

D i v i s i o na n
d Re Un
i o n(1 8 2 9 - By H OR S E S A N D S TA B L E S W i th
W O O DR O W W I L S O N
.

Ph D . . LL D ,
,
p age s
. . Pro o f I llu s tra t i o ns 8 v o 5s
P
,

in ri nc eton
.

nc e
. .

fe s s o r o f J u ri s p ru de

C o lle ge . W ith 5 M a ps . Fc p 8v o F O R D (H o ra c e )
. .
.

TH E TH E O R Y A N D O PR A C TI CE
E P O CH P
M A S , Illu s t rat i ng A m e ri c anH i s AR H ER Y C N e w Edi t i o n t h o ro u gh
BE A
.
,

t o ry B y AL
. RT B S H N E L L H R T, U R e v i se d a n d R e w ri t t e n b y W BUT -

ro f e sso r o f H i s t o ry i n P
.

Ph D , A s s i s t an
. t.
M A W i t h a re fac e b y L NGM P CJ O A
C
. . .

O lo n
. .

H arv ard o lle ge 1 4 M a ps g . . b M A , F S A

. .8 v o 1 45 . . . . .

4t o 2 3 6
. d . .

F O U A R D (A b b é C on s ta nt) .

E P OC H S O F E N G L I S H H IS T O R Y . TH E C
H R I S T TH E S O N O F G OD
C
o m p le t e i nO n e V o lu m e , w i t h 2 7 Table s a L i f e o f o u r L o rd an d S av i o u r J e s
and P
e di gre e s , and 2 3 M ap s Fc p 8vo C
h ri s t W i t h anI n t ro du c ti o nb y ardi n C
ANNIN
. . . .

5 3 . M G 2 v o ls C r 8 v o 1 4s . . . . .

F o r de t ai ls o f P art s see Lon g m an s Co

’
s S T PE TE R A N D TH E
. F I R S T Y EAR
O F C H R I S TI A N I T Y
.

C
at a lo gu e o f S c h oo l B o o s k .
Tran s lat e d fro .

th e S e c on d E di t i o n , w i t h t h e A u t h o r

E W A L D (H e i n ri c h ) s anc t i on b y G R G F X G R I F F IT EO E . .

C
,

W i th an I n t ro du c t i o n b y ardi n
.

al G 1
TH E A N TI QU I TI E S OF I S R A EL
Tran s la t e d fro m t h e G e rm a n b y H S .
.

.
BON S Cr 8v o 9 3 . . . .

O
S L LY , M A 8v o 1 2 3 6d
F OX (C harles J ames )
. . . . .

TH E H I S TOR Y O F I S R A E L Tran
.

s
la t e d fro m t h e G e rm an 8 v o ls 8 v o
.

TH E E A R L Y H I S TO R Y O F H A R L E C
n
. . .

V o ls I an d I I 2 43 V o ls I II an d IV 3
’
A M E S F O X B y t h e Ri gh t H o S . .

E E A
. . . . . . .

2 13 V ol V 1 83
. V o l V I 1 63 V ol
. . . . . . .
G O TR V L Y N , B art
. . .

V II 2 1 3 V ol V I I I , w i t h Inde x t o t h e Lib ary Edi t i o n r . 8 v o 1 83 . .

Cabi ne t Edi t i o n
. . . .

Co m ple t e W or , 1 8 3 k . . C r 8 v o 63. . .
 A CA TA L OG U E OF B OOKS I N GE N E R A L L I TE R A TU R E

n GA R D I N E R (S amue l R a w s on F ll
‘

F RA N C I S ( ra
F ci s ) ,
e o w
C
.

A B O O K ON A N G L I N G o r, Tre at i se
A ll S o u ls o lle ge , Ox f o rd)
o nt h e Art o f F i sh i n g i ne v e ry ra nc h ; b H I S TOR Y O F E N G L A N D , fro m t
in c ludi ng f u ll Illu s t rat e d L i s t o f S alm o n A cc e ss i o no f ames I t o t h e O u t re a J . b k
F li e s W i t h o rtrai t an
. d o lo ure d lat e s P C P . th e C
i v i l W ar, 1 60 3 1 642 1 0 v o ls -
. .

Cr 8v o 1 53 . . . 8 v o pri c e 63 e ac h
. . .

TH E S T U D EN T S H I S TO R Y ’

F R E E M A N (Edw a rd EN GLA N D o m ple t e i n1 v o l Wi . C .

TH E H I S TO R I A L G E O G R A P H Y O F C 37 8 I ll u s t ra t i o ns C r 8 v0 1 2 3

E UR O E P
W i t h 65 M ap s 2 v o ls 8 v o V o l I 3 9 ss— A -D 1 50 9
. . W i th 1
-

I llu s trat I O n
. . . .

6d .
s Cr 8 vo . . .

V o l I I 1 50 9 1 689
. W i t h 9 6 Illu s t r
.
-
.

t i on s Cr 8 v o 4s
“ M ?“
.

F R OU D E A ? R eg
. . .

P P °f
V o l I I I 1 68 9 1 88 5 W i th 1 0 9 I llu st r
M o de rn H i s t ory I n t h e Un
-
. . .

of
t i on
1v er8 1t y
C r 8 vo
0 m m) “
CHOO L AT
s

A S LA S OF EN G L I S
F a ll o f W o lse y t o t h e D e f e at o f t h e p
th e
S p an i s h A rm ada 12 v o ls C r 8v o . . . .
Pl n a s of a
B t t le s &c Fcp .
4m 5 5

3s 6 d . e ac h . .
G O ET H E
s lat i o n c h i e fl
.

TH E D I V O R E OF A TH E R I N E OF C C FA UST A N e w Tran .
y
A R A G ON t h e S t o ry as t o ld b y t h e k
B lan V e rse ; w i t h In t ro du c t i o n a n
Im pe ri al A m bas sadors re s i de n t at t h e Not e s . By J A ME S A DE Y B I D R S .

Cou rt o f H e nry V I II I nusum L a i c orum . . 8 v o 6s . .

8v 0 1 63
FA U S T Th e S e c o n
.d a rt P . A Ne
TH E S ANISH P
S TO R Y OF TH E Tran s la t i o n i nV erse By . J A ME S AD
A R M AD A an d o t h e r E s s ay s , H i s t ori c al
, B R S I D C r 8 v o 6s . . . .

and D es c ri p t i v e Cr 8 v o 6 s
“ “
. . . .

G R E EN ( 0m Hi )
S H O R T S T U D I E S ON G R E A T S U B
y E C Ts a b i ne t Edi t i o n 4 v o
. ls c t C . . .
TH E W OR KS O F TH O M A S H I L
8 v o 2 45 h e ap Edi t i o n 4 v o ls Cr C G R EEN Edi t e d b y R L N E TTL E S I !
}
n P
. . . . .

8v o 3s 6d e ac h 3 v o ls V o ls I a d I I h i lo s o p h i c . . .

k
.
. . , .

C£ 3A R k W o r s 8v o 1 65 e ac h V ol I I I Mi
C r 8 v o 3s 6d S etch .
. . . . . .

c e lla n W i t h In
a .

to the
. .

ies de x th r
.

TH E E N G L I S H I N I R E L A N D I N V o lu m e s an d M emo i r 8 v o 1 zs
TH E E I G H TE E N TH E N TU R Y 3 C .

TH E W I TN E S S OF G O D A N D F A I T
. . .

v o ls Cr 8 v o 1 83
Tw o L ay S e rmo n
. . . .

F c p 8vo 2 5
C
O EA N A o r, E n g la nd a nd h er C o lo ni e s .
s . . . .

W i t h 9 I llu s t rati o ns C r 8v o 2 3 . . . . bo ards , G R EV I L L E (C . C .

2 3 fid c l0 t h
A O U R N A L O F TH E R E I G N S 0
° .

TH E EN G LI S H IN TH E WE S T I N G G E O R G E I V , KI N G WI L L I A
C
.

I N D IES o r, t h e B o w o f U ly sses W i th . I V A N D QU E EN VI TO R I A
. 8 vol .

g lli i s t ra ti o n
I s Cr 8 v o 2 3 o ards , 2 3 6d . . . . b . . Cr 8 v o 6s e ac h
. . . .

ClO t ll I

TH E TW O CH I EF S GW I L T F -S J U
OF D U N B O Y
a nIri s h R o mance o f th e L as t en
t u ry C .
AN E N Y L OPE D I A C C
OF A R H C
Cr 8vo 33 6d
TE C TU R E I llu s trat e d w i t h mo re t h a
.
I
En
. , .

rav‘“ s W d 8
TH OM A S A R L Y L E , a H i s t o ry C of his g g °° V ° 5 3 6
2 ' ° °

L i fe 1 7 9 5 t o 1 8 35 2 v o ls
H A GG A R D E l
( a)l
. . .

1 8 34 t o 1 88 1 2 v o ls C r 8 vo 7s . . . . .
L I F E A N D I TS A U TH O R : a n Es s a
i nV e rse W ith a M e mo i r b y H R ID E
G A L L W EY (S i r R a lph P a yn
. .

e B art ) . A A
H GG R D , a nd P ort ra i t . F c p 8v o 3s . . .

L E TTE R S TO Y O U N G S H O O TE R S
H A GGA R D (H
.

(F i rs t S e ri e s ) Ont h e hoice C a nd U se
‘

W i t h 32 I llus trat I O n
.

o f a G u n W i t h I llu s tra t i o ns Cr. 8 vo SH E s by M

,

G R U’ E
P E N H A G E N an C
.

E
. .

7 s . 6d ,
d H M K RR Cr 8 v . . . . .

L E TTE R S TO Y O U N G S H O O TE R S .
3“ 6d '

(S e c o n d S e ri e s ) O n t h e Pro du c t i o n A L L /l N QU A TE R M A I N W 1t h 3r I llu s
t rat i o n
.

P re s e rv at i o nan d Ki lli n g o f G am e W i th
,

.
.

s by C H M K E RR Cr SV C .

D i rec t i o n s i nS h oo t i n W o o d
g p gi e o ns a nd -
3 3 5 d
B rea i n g k
i n R e t ri e v e rs W i t h a o rtrai t
-
. P M A I W A S R E VE N G E ’
Th e W ar 0
o r,
o f t h e A u t h o r, a n d 1 0 3 I llu s tra ti o n s Cr . . the L i tt le H and . CI . 8 v o 1 3 b o ard s
. .

8v o 1 2 3 6d. . .
1 3. 6d c lo t h . .
 A C A TA L U G U E U! " B U

H OO P E R (G e or g )
e . J E F F E R IE S (R i c hard ) .

A B R A H A M F AB E R T : G o v e rn o r o f S e da n F I E L D A N D H E D G E R O IV : las t E
P
,

M ars h all o f F ran ce H i s L i f e an d Ti me s , . W i t h o rtrai t C r 8 v o 3s 6d . . . . .

1 599 - 1 66 2 . W i th a P o rt ra i t . 8vo . 10 5. 6d TH E S TOR Y O F M Y H E A R T

b
A u t o i o graph y W i t h o rtra i t a n . P
H OW I T T ( illi am) W .
P re f ac e b y C L G Cr .
J . ON M AN .

6d
VI S I TS TO R E M A R KA B LE P L A E S , C 35 . .

Old H alls , B at t le F i e lds , S c e n

es i llu s - R ED D E ER . W i th 17 I llu s t rat i o
t rat i v e o fS t ri i ng as s a ge s i k
n E ngli s h P
,

J C A
. H R LT O N nd a H . TU R A LY . C
H i s t o ry and oe t ry P
W i t h 80 Illust ra . 3 .
s 6d .

ti on s Cr 8 v o 3s 6 d
. . . . . TH E TO I L E R S OF TH E F I E L D .

P
o rtrai t fro m t h e B u s t i nS a li s b u ry

H U L LA H (J oh n
) .
dral C r 8 v o 6s
. . . .

CO U R S E OF L E TU R E S O N TH E C J EN N I N GS (A rth ur C h a rles M A )
H I S TO R Y OF M OD E R N M U S I C .

E CCL E S I A A N GLI AN A A
,

C
. .

8 v o 8 3 6d
.

f th Ch u rc h o f h ri s t i nE n l nd C
. . .

o e g a
CO U R S E OF L E TU R E S O N TH E C th e E arli e st t o t h e rese n t Ti m e s P
TR A N S I TI O N E R I OD O F M U S I P 8 vo .
7 s 6 d . .

C A L H I S TO R Y 8 v o 1 0 5 6d . . . .

J EW S B U R Y (G era ldi n
e Ends or) .

H U M E (D a vi d) .
C
S E L E TI ON S F R O M TH E L E T
TH E P
H I L OS O P H I A L W OR KS O F C OF G E R A L D I N E E N D S OR 17
D A VI D H U M E Edi t e d b y T H .
'

. . B U R Y TO j A N E W E L S H ARL C
G R E N an
E d T H GR S 4 v o ls 8 v o. . O E . . Edi t e d b y M rs A L X ER IR E . E AND
P
.

O r s e p arat e ly , E s s ay s 2 v o ls . 2 8 5 re f a c e d b y a M o no graph o nM i s s
565 . . .

Tre a t i se o f H u m a nN a t u re . 2 v o ls . 2 8 s . bury b y t h e E D T R 8v o 1 65 I O . . .

H U TH J O H N S O N (J a n
d J . .

(Alf re d TH E P A TE N TE E S M A N U A L
’
a
TH E M AR R IA G E N EA R KI N , OF
nt h e L aw and
t i se o Prac t i c e of
con s i de re d w i t h re s p e c t t o t h e L aw o f
N at i o n s , t h e R e s u lt O f E x p e ri e n c e an d
Pat e nt 8v o 1 0 5 6d . . . .

t h e Te a c h i n f B i l R l 8 O R D A N (W i lli a m L e i gh on
gs o o o gy o y a v o 2 1s . . .
J ) .

TH E S TAN D A R D OF VA L U E . 8
HY NE C utc li fi e )
'

(c .
J . .

U S T I N IA N
TH E N E W ED EN a S t ory W i th J .

.
TH E I N S TI T U TE S OF y U S TI
F ro nt i s pi e c e and V i gne tt e . Cr 8 v o . . 23 . 6d .
L at i nTe x t , c h i e fl y t h a t O f H u sc h k
En g li s h I nt ro du c t i o n T ra ns la t i on
I N G E L OW (J ea n
,

OM A C
,

) . an d S u mm ary B y TH S SA . .

P OE TI C A L W OR KS . 2 v o ls . F c p 8v o . .
M A . 8v o 1 8 3
. . .

1 zs
L IS C H (M
.

C P
.

L YRI AL A ND O TH E R OE M S .
B I B LE S TU D I E S art I Th e P P
S e le c t e d fro m t h e W ri t i n J AN
.

P
.

s of E c i e s O f B alaa m
g 8 v o I o s 6d
F c p 8 v o 2 3 6 d c lo t h p lai n
. . .

k
.

IN G EL ow .
,
. . . .
Th e B oo o f o n ah 8 vo 1 0 5 6 d J . . .

3s c lo t h gi lt
. .

C OM M E N TA R Y ON TH E OLD
TA M E N T : w i t h a N e w Tra n s
J A M E S ON (M rs .
Vo l I G en e si s 8 vo 1 8 5 Or a
CR E D
. . . . .

SA AND L E GE N D A R Y A R T . fo r t h e G e n e ral R e ade r 1 23 V

W i t h 1 9 Et c h i n n
. .

gs a d 1 8 7 W o o dc u t s 2 . Ex o du s 1 55 O r a da p t e d f o r t h e G
8v o 2 0 3 n
. .

v o ls . et . . . R e ade r 125 Vol I I I L evi ti c u s

. . . .

L E G E N D S O F TH E M A D ON N A Th e .
I . 1 53 0 1 ada pt e d f o r t h e G
.

V i rgi nM a ry as re pre s e n
t e d i nS ac re d a n
d R e ade r 83 V o l IV L e vi t i c u s
. . . .

L e ge n dary A rt W i t h 2 7 Et c h i n gs an.d II .1 53 O r adap t e d f o r t h e G

.

1 6 5 W o o dc u t s 1 vo l 8 v o 1 os n et
. . . .
R e ade r 8s . .

L E GE N D S OF TH E M O N A S TI C KA N T (Imma n
u e l)
W i t h 1 1 Et c h i n an
.
OR D ER S
W o o dc u t s
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1 vol 8v o 1 0 3 n
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H I S E S S A Y ON TH E M I S TA KE N by A R L G W i t h 1 1 lat e s an d .

S UB TI L TY OF TH E FOUR 8 8 I llu s t rat i o ns int h e Te x t b y H F R .

J O D
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2 5 6d
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H I S TO R Y O F E N G L A N D I N TH E
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P S Y CH OL O G Y A Te x t o o o f M e n -
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C U S TO M A N D
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M Y TH S t u di e s o f Early H I S TOR Y OF TH E RISE A ND

U s a ge a nd B e li e f . W i t h 1 5 I llu s t ra t i o ns .
I N F L U E N E O F TH E S I R I T O F C P
Cr 8v o 7s 6d
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t ra t i o ns C r 8 v o 3s 6d . . . . .

L E TTE R S ON L I TE R A TU R E . Fc p .

8 v o 2 s 6d net
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GR A S S OF
ne t
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U N U DOC
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t ra t i o ns by W G B R M R . . H . Cr .

8 v o 7 s 6d . . .
L EY TO N (F ran k) .

TH E B L U E F A I R Y B OOK E di t e d b y .
TH E S H A D O W S O F TH E L A KE , n
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L G W i t h 8 lat e s an d 1 30 . P oth er oe ms C r 8 v o 7 s 6d P
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TH E R E D F A I R Y B OO K E di t e d b y .

A ND W A
RE L NG W i th 4 late s an d 96 . P L L OY D (P .
J )
I llu s trat i o ns i n t h e Te x t b y H F R .
J . O D TH E S CI E N C E OF A G R I C U L TU R E
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Li b ary Edi t i o n
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L Y D E KKE R L o rd B ac o n .

PH AS E S OF A N I M A L L I F E PA S T , L ord Cli v e .

A N D PR E S E N T W i t h 8 I ll t . 2 u s ra L o rd B yro n , a n d T h e o m i c D ra C
ti o ns . C r 8 vo . . 65 . o f t h e R e s t o rat i o n .

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16 A CA TA L O G U E OF B OOKS I N GE N ER A L L I TER A TU R E

M A T H EW S (B m der)
T — c o nt i n ue d M A X M U L E R (Ed con
L — ti nu ed . .

PE N A N D I N K : a pe rs o n S u b ec ts o f P
N A TU R A L R E L I G I O N Th e j .

more o r le s s I m po rt an ce C r 8 v o 5s Le c t ure s de li v e red be f o re t h e U n

. i . . .

W I TH M Y F R I EN D S : Ta es o d l t l i n o f G la s go w i n 1 8 8 8 C r 8 vo 1 0 5 ‘
. . . .

P
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o nt h e A rt a n d M y s t e ry o f o llab o ra t i o n Le c t u re s de live re d be f o re t h e U n i .

C r 8 v o 63
. . . of G las go w i n1 8 9 0 . Cr 8vo . . 105 .

A N TH R OP OL OG I CA L R ELI G
M A U N D E R S T R EA S U R I E S ’ Th e G i ff ord L e c t u re s de li v e re d e f o b
Un i v e rs i t y o f G la s go w i n1 8 9 1
.

C1
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B I O G R A H I A L TR E A S U R Y C . W ith 1 0 5 6d
.

S u pp le m e n ro ugh t do w nt o 1 8 8 9 b . .

t By
R ev MES W
. JA F c p 8 v o 63 OO D . . . .
.

TH E S CI E N C E OF TH O U G H T .

2 1 s.
TR E A S U R Y OF N A TU R AL H I S TO R Y
o r, P D i c ti o n
o p u lar ary o f o o lo gy Z . W i th TH R E E I N TR O D U C TO R Y L E C T
ON TH E S I E N E OF TH O U C C
9 0 0 W o o dc u t s F c p 8 v o 63 . . . .

8 v o 2 3 6d
TR E A S U R Y O F G E OG R A H Y , h ys i P P . . .

PH I E S O F W O R D S
c a l, H i s t o ri c al, D e s c ri p t i v e and o li t i c al P .
B I OG R A
H OM E TH E
AND ,

W i t h 7 M a p s an d 1 6 Plat e s F c p 8 v o gs . . . .
OF AR YAS Cr . .

CI E N TI F I C A N D L I TER A R Y TR EA 7 s 6d. .

S
S UR Y . F c p 8 v o 6s
. . .
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C r 8 v o 3s 6d
C
H I S TO R I A L TR EA S U R Y : O u t li n es of
. .

S A N S KR I T G R A M M A R F OR
. .

Un i v e rsa l H i s t o ry , S e parat e H i st o ri e s of
A
a ll N at i o n s F c p 8 vo 6 s G I N N ER S A ri dge d Edi t i o n . b .

TR E A S U R Y OF
. .

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L I B R A R Y O F R E F ER E N E Com C .
M A Y (S i r Th o mas Ers k i n
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. . . .
. . . .

TH E TR E A S U R Y O F B I B L E KN O W M EA D E (L .

L ED G E B y t he R ev AY R E , M A
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J . . .
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W i th I llu s trat i o ns
W i t h 5 M aps 1 5 Plat e s a n
.

d 30 0 W o o d , 8 v o 3s 6 d. . .

F c p 8 v o 65
cut s . . . .

D EB A N D TH E D U H E S S C .

TH E TR E A S U R Y O F B O TA N Y Edi t e d
an IND E
.

OO E
I llu s trat i o ns by M E E R . . DWA D S.
by L J
L Y , . d T M R , .
8 v o 3s 6d
W i t h 2 7 4 W oo dc u t s a n
. . .

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Pl t
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2 v o ls F c p 8vo
TH E B ER ES F OR D PR I Z E . W i th
a es . . . . 1 zs .
t rat i o n
s by M E E . . DWA D R S . Cr 8 .

M A X M U L L ER (F Pr o f e s so r o f C. o m M EA T H (Th e Ea rl of) .

p a ra t i ve P
,
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S O I AL A R R O W S R e p ri nt e d A rt i e
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. . .

C
S E L E TE D E S S A Y S O N L A N G U A G E , PR OS PE R I TY OR PA U ER P
M Y TH OL O G Y AND R EL I G I ON . Ph y s i c al, Indu st ri al and Tec h ni c al
2 v o ls . Cr 8 v o . . 1 65 . ing 8
. v o 53 . .

TH E S IEN E C
OF L AN G U A GE , C M E LV I L L E (G J W h yt e )
Fo u n de d o n L e c t ure s de li v e re d at t h e
. . .

R oy a l I nst i t u ti o ni n1 8 6 1 and 1 8 63 2 v o ls . .
TH E GL A D I A TOR S .

Cr 8v o z 1 s
. . .
TH E I N TE R P R E TE R .

TH R E E L E C TU R E S ON TH E S I E N E C C GO OD F OR N O TH I N G .

OF L A N G U A G E A N D I TS P L A E I N C TH E OU R E N S M A R I E S
'
.

G EN E R A L E D U A TI O N , de li v ere d at C H OL M E Y H O U S E .

t h e Ox f o rd U ni v ers i t y Ex t e n
s i o nM e e t i ng, R A TE C O VE N TR Y .

1 8 89 C r 8 v o 3s
. . . . D I GE Y GR A N D .

H I B B E R T L E T U R E S ON TH E OR I C G EN E R A L B O U N CE .

G I N A N D G R O W TH OF R E L I G I ON , C r 8 vo
. . 1 5 . e ac h bo ards . 15. 6d . e ac h
a s i llu s t ra t e d b y t h e R e li gi o ns o f Indi a .

Cr 8 v o 7 s 6d
. . . . M E N D EL S S O H N (F eli x ) .

I N TR OD U TI ON TO TH E S I E N E C C C TH E L E TTER S OF F E L I X M E N D
OF R E L I G I O N F o ur L e c t u re s de li v e re d S OH N Trans lat e d b y L ady W AL
.

a t t h e R o y al I n
. s t i t ut i on Cr 8 vo 3s 6d . . . . . 2 v o ls . Cr 8 v o . . 105.
 R UEL ! S H ED E Y M ES S R S . L ON GM A N S , GR E E N . E C O .

M E R IVA L E (Th e V ery R ev C has .

,
D e an N A N S E N (D r F r idtj )
o f . .

of Ely ) .
TH E F I R S T R OS S I N G OF G R E E N C
H I S TO R Y O F TH E R OM A N S U N D ER L AN D .

TH E E M I R E Ca i ne t Edi t i o n P
8 . b . A bri dge d Edi t i o n W i t h nu me ro u s I llu s .

v o ls Cr 8 v o 485
. . . . trat i o ns and a M ap Cr 8 v o 7 5 6 . . . .

P
o p u lar Edi t i o n 8 v o ls Cr 8 vo . . . .

6 d e ac h
N E S B I T ( E ) (M rs H ub ert B lan
3 5 . . .

d )
. . .
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L EA VE S O F L I F E V erses C r 8 vo 5
P UB LI C
a S h ort H i st o ry o f t h e L as t
. . .

Ce nt ury o f t h e o mmo n w e alt h 1 2 m0 C L A Y S A N D L E GE N D S F i rs t S e ri e .

N e w an h e ape r Edi t i o n C
. .

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n
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. d S e c o d S
. e ri e s W i t h P o rt rai .

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C r 8 v o 7 5 6d
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. . . . . . . . .

TH E R OM A N TR I U M VI R A TE S W i th
(Cardi n
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M ap s F c p 8v o 2 5 6d
. . . . . N EW M A N a l) .

A P O L OG I A P R O VI TA S U A a in e . Cb
M I L L (J a mes ) .
Ed i t i o n . Cr 8 vo 65 h e ap Edi t i o n
. . . C
A N A L Y S I S OF TH E P H E N O M E N A C r 8v o. .
35 6d . .

OF TH E H U M A N Ill I N D 2 v o ls . .
C
D I S O U R S E S TO M I X ED ON G R E C
8 v o 2 85 . .
GA TI ON S a in e t E di t i o n C r SW
. Cb . .

M I L L (J oh nS tuart )
65 . C
h e ap Edi t i o n C r 8 v o 35 6 d . . . . .

.
S E R M O N S O N VA R I O U S O A S I ON S CC
PR I N CI PL E S OF POL I TI CAL E CO Cb
a in e t Edi t i o n Cr 8 vo 65 hea . . . . C
N OM Y .
Edi ti o n 35 6d . . .

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rary . 2 v o ls . 8 v o 30 5 .
TH E I D EA OF A U N I VE R S I T
P
.

e o p le s Edi t i o n 1 v o l. Cr 8 v o 35 6d
’
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D EF I N E D AN D I L L U S TR A TE D
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. . . . Cb
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4
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ON R E R E S E N TA TI VE P G O VE R N H I S TOR I A L S KE T H E S
Cb
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. . . .

U TI L I TA R I A N I S M 35 6d e a c h . . . . .

8v o 55
. . .

TH E A R I A N S OF TH E F O U R T
E XA M I N A TI ON O F S I R WI L L I A M
H A M I L TO N S P P C
E N TU R Y a ine t Edi t i o n C r SW. Cb . .

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1 65
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S EL E C T
.

TR E A TI S E S OF S T A TH A
N A TU R E , TH E U TI L I TY OF R E L I
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N A S I U S i n on t ro v ers y w i t h t h e A ri an
C a
G I ON , A N D TH EI S M Th re e Ess ays
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S I L VE R TH OR N S I llu st rate d Cr 8 v o 55
Edi t i o n C r 8 v o 65 h e ap Edi ti o n
. . . . C
C r 8 v o 35 6 d
. . . . .

PA L A C E
. . . .

TH E I N TH E G A R D E N .
A N E S S A Y O N TH E D E VE L OP M E N
I llu s t rat e d . Cr . 8 v o 55 . .
C
OF H R I S TI A N D O TR I N E a in e C . Cb
TH E TH I R D MISS ST .
QU E N TI N . Edi t i o n C r 8 v o 6 5 h e ap Edi t i o n
. . . . C
Cr 8 v o 65
. . . Cr 8 v o 35 6d
. . . .

N EI G H B O U R S Illu s t rat e d . C r 8 v o 65 . . . CE R TA I N D I F F I C U L TI E S F EL T B
TH E S TOR Y OF A S PR I N G M OR N A N G L I CA N S I N CA TH O LI C TE A CH
I N G , 6 m Illu s tra t e d Cr 8 v o 55
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. .

TH E VI A M E D I A O F TH E A N G L I
CA N CH U R CH Illu s t rat ed i nL e c t u re s
M O O R E (Edw ard, D D , Pri n
.

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. a in e t Edi t i o n Cr 8 v o
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PH ER S C r 8 v o 7 5 6d . . . . .
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CAL . C bi nt Edi ti n
a e o . 2 v o ls Cr .

M U L H A L L (M i c ha el 8vo 1 2 5 . . C h p Edi t i n ea o . 2 v o ls Cr .

H I S TOR Y OF P R I E S S I N C CE TH E 8v o 7 5 . .

Y EA R 1 8 50 Cr 8 v o 65 . . . .
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1 8 A CA TA L O G U E OF B OOK S I N GEN E R A L L I TER A TU R E

N E W M A N (C ardi nd y con
— finu ed . P AU L (H erma n
n) .

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E CC
L E S I A S TI A L M I R A LES C C . LA N G U AG E T nl t d b y . ra s a e
C bi nt
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TR O 6d G. vo. 1 0 5. .

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35 . 6d .

TR A TS C D i s s e rt at i u nc u la 1 2 O nt h e ‘ P A Y N (J ame s ) .

C
. . . .

Te x t o f t h e S e v e n Ep i s t le s o f S t I gn a TH E L U K OF TH E D AR RE
C
.

ti u s 3 . D o c t ri na l . a u s e s o f A ri an ism . Cr 8 v o
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V e rs i o no f S c ri p t u re
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A N E S S A Y I N AI D OF A G R A M M A R P E R R I N G (S i r P hili p ) .

OF A S S E N T a ine t Ed i t i o n Cr . Cb . .
H A R D KN O TS I N S H A KE S P E
8 v o 75 6 d h e ap Edi t i o n C r 8 v o
. . . C . . . 8v o .
7 5 . 6d .

35 6d . .

TH E ‘
W OR KS AND DAYS
’

PR ES E N T P O S I TI ON OF CA TH OL I C S M OS E S Cr 8 v o 35 6d
C bi nt Edi t i n C
. . . . .

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35 6d
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a e of the Th i rd Ce n
SNA P
: a L e ge n d o f t h e L one Mou
a t u ry .
W i t h 1 3 I llu s t rat i o ns by H G W1
C b i nt Edi t i n
a e o . Cr . 8vo . 65 . Ch e ap
C r 8 vo 3s 6d
. .

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. . . .

. Cr 8 v o . .
35 . 6d .

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,
Edi t i o n C r 8 v o 65 . . . . Ch e ap Edi t i o n .
TH E TH E O R Y OF TH E M O
C r 8 v o 35 6 d
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S I E N TI F I C G A M E OF W
TH E D R E A M O F G ER ON TI U S . 1 6m o . Fc p . 8v o . 25 . 6d .

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d
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E T PL A U TO AD U S U M P U E R O R U M
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and) .

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N O R TO N (C h arles

A H A N D B O O K OF F L OR I D A W i th . P R E N D E R G A S T (J oh n
49 M a p s a nd la ns F c p 8 v o 55 P I R E L A N D , F R OM TH E R E S T
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Cr 8 v o 45 6d . . . . . O TH E R W O R L D S TH A N O U R S
P
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P A R KE S (S ir H e n ry , L i gh t o f R e c e nt S c ien t i fic R e se
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s 3 5 6d . . . s 35 6d . . .

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s C r 8 vo 35 64
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a l) D i sc ourses to l ix ed

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35 . 6d .
n
Co grega ti o 35 6d ns . . .

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R a v e loc h . . . rld s th a .
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l ax l ii lle r s (L ) I di a ,
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(R . A.) R ough W a y s ma d e S moot h .
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S I LV E R L I B R A R Y (T H E) con — ti nu ed . S TU R G IS (J uli a n
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SY C r 8 y o 55
W i t h M a ps , lan P
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nat ural R e li gi o n 8 v o 7 5 6d . . .

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6d c lo t h
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A S TU D E N T S M A N U A L OF T! ’

S T EV E N S O N R ob ert L oui s ) a nd OS H I S TOR Y O F I N D I A Cr 8 v o 75 . . . .

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T H O M PS O N (D G re e n
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TH E W R ON G B OX Cr 8 v o 6d lea f ) . .
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. . . . .

TH E R O B L E M O F E VI L : a n I nt r
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du c t i o n t o t h e P rac t i c a l S c i ences . By
D E D U TI VE L O G I C C Fc p 8 vo 35 6 d
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EA S E W i t h 8 4 W o o d Engrav i n
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g s .
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75 . 6d .
C
S O I AL PR O G R E S S : a n Es say . 8v
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S T R O N G (H e rb e rt A , M A , . . .
TH E P H I L OS O P H Y O F F I C TI ON I
LO G H M A N (W i lle m an d L I TE R A T U R E a nEs s ay Cr 8v o 6
W H E E L E R (B e nami nI de ) j . . .

I N TR O D U TI O N TO TH E S T U D Y C T H O M P S O N (A n
nie ) .

OF TH E H I S TO R Y O F L A N G U A G E . A M OR A L D I L E M M A : a N ov el . C
8 vo . 10 5 . 6d .
8 v o 65 . .
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W H A TE LY A h b i h — c on i n W OO D (R ev J G ) nti nned
( rc s op ) t ued . . . . co
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L E S S ON S ON R EA S O N I N G Fc p 8 v o B I B LE A N I MALS a D e s c ri pt i
e v ery L i vi n n n C
. . .

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. .

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75 n et
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S e ri e s o f H an ds p lay e d t h ro u gh , Illu s I llu st rat i o ns C r 8 v o 3s 6 d . . . . .

t ra t i n t h e A m e ri c a n l e a ds , t h e ne w l
p y,
a O U T OF D O OR S a S e le c t i o no f O r
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t h e f o rm s o f F i n e s se , a n d c e le rat e d c o u ps b Art i c le s o n rac t i c al N at u ral H i P
o f M as t e rs W i t h Ex plan at i o nan
. d An a W i t h 1 1 I llus t rat i o ns C r 8 v o 35
P
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ly s i s By G W F c p 8 v o 63 6d
. . . . . . . .
P E TL A N D R E VI S I TE D . W i th 33
t ra t i o n C r 8 v o 35 6 d
w mc o c x
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s (J
OF TH E B I B L E
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B IR D LIFE
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s .

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i nt h e B ri t i sh a n d o t h e r S eas , and R e m ar s k 30 I llu st ra

.

o n N e t s , B o at s an d B o at i n g ro f u se ly . P C r 8 v o 3s 6d
. . . .

I llu s trat e d Cr 8v o 65 H O M E S U N D E R TH E G R O U N D .

I llu s t rat i o n
. . . .

s C r 8 v o 35 6d . . . . .

W I L L IC H (C harles
WI L D A N I M A L S O F TH E B I B L E
PO P U L A R TA B L E S f o r gi v i n
g I n
f o r I llu s t rat i o ns Cr 8 v o 35 6d . . .

in
. .

t i o nf o r a s c e rt a i n
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h u rc h the C P D OM E S TI AN I MALS C OF
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t rat i o ns Cr 8 v o 2 5 6d
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.

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S O I A L H A B I TA TI O N S A N D P
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TH E TR O3f A N WA R . Cr 8v o . . 25 . 8v o 2 5 . .

M Y TH S O F H E L L A S o r, G ree k Tale s .
W OR D S W O R TH (C h arle s ,
D .

C r 8 v o 35 6d
. . . . B i sho p of St . Andre w s ) .

TH E W A N D E R I N G S OF U L Y S SE S . AN N A L S OF M Y E A R L Y L I F E ,
C r 8 v o 35 6d
. . . . 1 8 46 8 v o 1 53
. . .

TH E R E TR E A T OF TH E TEN TH O U
SAND ei n t h e S t o ry o f Xe n o ph o ns
b ’ W Y L IE (J am e s H amilton) .

g H I S TO R Y OF E N GL A N D
‘
An a asi s W i th I llu s t rat i o n
b s Cr . .
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H EN R Y I V 2 v o ls V o l I 1 39 9
8 v o 3s 6d
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n
. .

C r 8vo 1 0 5 6 d
.

. Vol II
.
! I t h e . . . .

W O L F F (H en
ry Z E L L E R (D r .

R A M B L E S I N TH E B L A C K F OR E S T . H I S TOR Y OF E L E TI I S M C C C
Cr 8 v o 7 s 6d
. . . . G R E EK H I L OS O H Y Tran s P P .

TH E W A TE R I N G L A ES P C OF TH E AA
b y S R H F A LL B vN E Cr 8v o 1 0 . . . .

VO S G E S Cr 8 v o 45 6 d . .
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. . . TH E S TO I S , E I U R E A N S C PC
TH E C O U N TR Y OF TH E VO S G E S S CE P TI C S Transla t e d b y t h e R e
EI E
R CH L , M A
.

W i th a M ap . 8 vo . 1 2 5. J . Cr SV O : 1 53 . . . .

S O GR A TE S A N D TH E S O OR
W O O D (R e v J . C
S H O OL S Trans lat e d b y th e R e .

EI
.

J R CH E L , M A C r 8 v o 1 0 5 6d
H O M E S W I TH O U T H A N D S a De
. . . . . .

s c ri p t i o n o f t h e H a i t a t i o n o f A n i mals , b P L A TO A N D TH E OL D E R A A D C
c la s se d ac c o rdi n g t o t h e ri nc i
ple o f C on P Tran sla t e d b y S R H F ALL Y AA . E NE
s t ru c t i o n W i t h 1 40 I llu st rat i o n
. s 8v o . . AL R D Goon
F E w rN , B A Cr 8v o 1 . . . .

7 5 . ne t .
TH E P R E S O R A TI -
S H O OL S C C C
C
I N S E TS A T H O M E : a o pu lar A c c o u n t P H i s t o ry o f G re e Ph i lo so ph y f ro m k
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e ri o d t o t h e t i me o f S o c :

an d Tra n s f o rmat i o n s W i t h 70 0 I llu s t ra . Tran s la t e d b y S R H F AL L Y E A A . E N

ti ons 8vo 75 n. et . . . v o ls C r 8 v o 30 5
. . . .

C
I N S E TS A B R O A D a o pu lar A c c o u n t P O U TL I N E S O F TH E H I S TO R Y
o f F o re i gn In se c t s , t h e i r S t ru c t ure , H a i t s b G R EE K H I L OS O H Y Trans P P .

an d Tran s f o rm at i o n s W i th 60 0 Illu s t ra . b y SAR A H F AL L Y and Ev

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. E NE
ti o ns 8v o 7 3 n
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