FM-AA-CIA-15 Rev.

0 10-July-2020

Study Guide in MATH 102 – DIFFERENTIAL CALCULUS Module No. 4

STUDY GUIDE FOR MODULE NO. 4

DERIVATIVES: TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS, INVERSE TRIGONOMETRIC

FUNCTIONS, LOGARITHMIC FUNCTIONS, & EXPONENTIAL FUNCTIONS

MODULE OVERVIEW

Hello Future Engineer!

After finishing module 3, you were able to apply differential calculations in solving problems on optimization
and rates of change. This Study Guide for Module 4 will help you to understand and carry out calculations on
derivatives.

MODULE LEARNING OBJECTIVES

At the end of this module 4, you should be able to:

1. understand calculations on derivatives

2. carry out calculations on derivatives

4.1 TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS

𝑑 𝑑𝑢
sin 𝑢 = cos 𝑢
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥

𝑑 𝑑𝑢
cos 𝑢 = −sin 𝑢
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥

𝑑 𝑑𝑢
tan 𝑢 = sec 2 𝑢
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥

𝑑 𝑑𝑢
cot 𝑢 = −csc 2 𝑢
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥

𝑑 𝑑𝑢
sec 𝑢 = sec u tan 𝑢
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥

𝑑 𝑑𝑢
csc 𝑢 = −csc u cot 𝑢
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥

Find the derivative of the ff:

Example 1

𝑦 = sin 3𝑥

Example 2

𝑥 = cos 4𝑡

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Study Guide in MATH 102 – DIFFERENTIAL CALCULUS Module No. 4

Example 3

1
𝑥 = sec 𝑦
2

Example 4

𝑦 = 𝑐𝑜𝑠 4 𝑡 − 𝑠𝑖𝑛4 𝑡

Example 5

𝑡
𝑥 = 2𝑐𝑜𝑠 2
2

Example 6

𝑦 = tan (𝑥𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥)

Example 7

𝑦 = (1 + 𝑠𝑖𝑛4 𝑦)3/2

Example 8

𝑦 = 𝑐𝑜𝑠√2𝑥 + 1

Example 9

𝑥2
𝑦=
√1 − sin 2𝑥

Example 10

𝑦 = 𝑠𝑒𝑐 3 (2 − 3𝑥)

For further discussion & solution of these examples, watch the videos using these links:

Differential Calculus: Trigonometric Functions (Part 1)

https://youtu.be/uEisUHo78oo

Differential Calculus: Trigonometric Functions (Part 2)

https://youtu.be/OaNBR8HbXNk

4.2 INVERSE TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS

𝑑 𝑑𝑢/𝑑𝑥
Arcsin 𝑢 =
𝑑𝑥 √1 − 𝑢2

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Study Guide in MATH 102 – DIFFERENTIAL CALCULUS Module No. 4

𝑑 𝑑𝑢/𝑑𝑥
Arccos 𝑢 = −
𝑑𝑥 √1 − 𝑢2

𝑑 𝑑𝑢/𝑑𝑥
Arctan 𝑢 =
𝑑𝑥 1 + 𝑢2

𝑑 𝑑𝑢/𝑑𝑥
Arccot 𝑢 = −
𝑑𝑥 1 + 𝑢2

𝑑 𝑑𝑢/𝑑𝑥
Arcsec 𝑢 =
𝑑𝑥 𝑢√𝑢2 − 1

𝑑 𝑑𝑢/𝑑𝑥
Arccsc 𝑢 = −
𝑑𝑥 𝑢√𝑢2 − 1

Find the derivative of the ff:

Example 1

𝑦 = Arcsin 4𝑥

Example 2

𝜃 = 𝐴𝑟𝑐𝑡𝑎𝑛 3𝜑

Example 3

𝑥
𝑢 = Arctan
𝑎

Example 4

𝑥 = 𝐴𝑟𝑐𝑠𝑖𝑛(1 − 2𝑣)

Example 5

𝑥 = 𝐴𝑟𝑐𝑡𝑎𝑛2 𝑡

Example 6

Arctan 2x
𝑦=
x

Example 7

𝑦 = (1 + 𝑥 2 ) 𝐴𝑟𝑐𝑡𝑎𝑛 𝑥 − 𝑥

Example 8

𝑦 = √𝐴𝑟𝑐𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝑥

Example 9

2𝑥
𝑦 = 𝐴𝑟𝑐𝑠𝑒𝑐 ( )
3

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Study Guide in MATH 102 – DIFFERENTIAL CALCULUS Module No. 4

For further discussion & solution of these examples, watch the videos using these links:

Differential Calculus: Inverse Trigonometric Function (Part 1)

https://youtu.be/aDVnQL1ZtBs

Differential Calculus: Inverse Trigonometric Functions (Part 2)

https://youtu.be/5LOFl_QwDIU

4.3 LOGARITHMIC FUNCTIONS

𝑑 𝑑𝑢/𝑑𝑥
log 𝑎 𝑢 =
𝑑𝑥 𝑢 ln 𝑎

where a = constant

𝑑 𝑑𝑢/𝑑𝑥
ln 𝑢 =
𝑑𝑥 𝑢
𝑑𝑢
𝑑 𝑀
log10 𝑢 = 𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑥 𝑢

where M is called the “Modulus of Common Logarithm” (𝑀 = log10 𝑒 = 0.43429)

Find the derivative of the ff:

Example 1

𝑦 = ln(7 − 3𝑥)

Example 2

𝑥
𝑦 = log10 𝑠𝑖𝑛
𝑎

Example 3

ѡ = ln √𝑎2 − 𝑥 2

Example 4

𝑥
𝑦 = 𝑥 ln(𝑎2 + 𝑥 2 ) + 2𝑎 𝐴𝑟𝑐𝑡𝑎𝑛 − 2𝑥
𝑎

For further discussion & solution of these examples, watch the video using this link:

Differential Calculus: Logarithmic Functions

https://youtu.be/Z2jgA53KqSE

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Study Guide in MATH 102 – DIFFERENTIAL CALCULUS Module No. 4

4.4 EXPONENTIAL FUNCTIONS

𝑑 𝑢 𝑑𝑢
𝑎 = 𝑎𝑢 ln 𝑎
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥

where a = constant

𝑑 𝑢 𝑑𝑢
𝑒 = 𝑒𝑢
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥

Find the derivative of the ff:

Example 1

𝑦 = 𝑒 −3𝑥

Example 2

𝑦 = 𝑥𝑒 −2𝑡

Example 3

𝑥 = 𝑒 sec 𝑡

Example 4

𝑦 = ln(𝑒 3𝑥 + 2)

Example 5

𝑦 = 𝐴𝑟𝑐𝑡𝑎𝑛 𝑒 −2𝑥

Example 6
x
𝑦 = ee

Example 7

𝑦 = 42𝑥

Example 8

𝑦 = 𝑥 2 𝑒 2𝑥

Example 9

𝑟 = 𝑒 −𝜃 cos 2𝜃

Example 10

𝑦 = 𝑒 𝐴𝑟𝑐𝑡𝑎𝑛 𝑥

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Study Guide in MATH 102 – DIFFERENTIAL CALCULUS Module No. 4

Example 11

√𝑒 𝑥
𝑦=
𝑥

For further discussion & solution of these examples, watch the videos using these links:

Differential Calculus: Exponential Function (Part 1)

https://youtu.be/RjLG6SldAMI

Differential Calculus: Exponential Function (Part 2)

https://youtu.be/yxNuGRc_Y9g

LEARNING ACTIVITY

As you go through this module and after you watched the videos provided, solve the following:

TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS

Find the derivatives of the following:

1. 𝑦 = sin (cos 𝑥)

2. 𝑦 = cos 𝜃 cot 𝜃

√1 − sin 𝑥
3. 𝑦 =
𝑥2

INVERSE TRIGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS

Find the derivatives of the following:

1. 𝑦 = 𝐴𝑟𝑐𝑡𝑎𝑛 (𝑠𝑖𝑛 2𝑥)

2. 𝑦 = (𝑥 − 1)√2𝑥 − 𝑥 2 + 𝐴𝑟𝑐𝑠𝑖𝑛 (𝑥 − 1)

3. 𝑦 = 𝐴𝑟𝑐𝑡𝑎𝑛2 (𝑥 3 )

LOGARITHMIC FUNCTIONS

Find the derivatives of the following:

1. 𝑦 = 𝑥 3 (3 𝑙𝑛 𝑥 − 1)

1 + cos Ɵ
2. 𝑥 = 𝑙𝑛√
1 − cos Ɵ

3. 𝑦 = 𝑙𝑛 (1 + 𝑒 − 3Ɵ )2

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Study Guide in MATH 102 – DIFFERENTIAL CALCULUS Module No. 4

EXPONENTIAL FUNCTIONS

Find the derivatives of the following:

3
1. 𝛽 = (1 − 𝑒 − 2𝑥 )2

2. 𝑦 = 𝑠𝑒𝑐 2 (1 − 𝑒 − 𝑥 )

3. Ɵ = 𝐴𝑟𝑐𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝑒 − 2𝑥

(Your solution and answer in this learning activity will be compiled in your Assignment 3 to be submitted on an
announced date)

REFERENCE/S

Love, Clyde E. and Rainville, Earl D. (1962), Differential and Integral Calculus. 6th ed. The McMillan Co.,
New York: John Wiley and Sons, Inc.

Arreola, Matias A. (1995), Solutions to Problems in Differential Calculus. SI (Metric) ed. Ken Incorporated,
Quezon City.

Besavilla, Venancio I. Civil Engineering Board Reviewer, VIB Publisher

INSTRUCTIONS

Assignment format:

Orientation: Portrait
Paper size: long coupon bond (8.5” x 13”)
Borderline: 0.5 inch or 1 cm on all sides
Without guidelines
Hand-written

Content:

I. Cover Page (No borderlines)

a. Pangasinan State University
b. Urdaneta City Campus
c. College of Engineering and Architecture
d. Civil Engineering Department
e. __ Sem AY 20__ - 20__
f. Subject Code and Subject Title
g. Assignment Number
h. Title of Study Guide
i. Submitted by:
j. Submitted to:

II. Body (With borderlines)

Learning Activities

PANGASINAN STATE UNIVERSITY 7

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Study Guide in MATH 102 – DIFFERENTIAL CALCULUS Module No. 4

Prepared By:

DIANNE C. OLIVER, CE
Faculty, Civil Engineering Department

PANGASINAN STATE UNIVERSITY 8