SCIENCE 8

Unit I – Cells and Systems

Osmosis + Diffusion
Questions:
What do cells need to survive?
What waste must cells get rid of?
ACTIVITY → SPEND ENERGY → DEHYDRATION → DRINK → REPLENISH CELLS
Remember that individual cells carry out the same activities as the

________________________________ .
However you feel - hungry, thirsty, tired, or energetic – reflects what your cells are feeling and
needing.
Your bodily needs and functions are caused by the needs and functions of

_________________________________________________ .
Cell Functions
How do you think cells manage functions like “eating”, “breathing”, “waste removal”?

Where do substances enter and exit the cell?

How do substances enter and exit the cell?

The Cell Membrane:

Gatekeeper of the Cell
The cell membrane: _____________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
It separates the outside from the inside; non-living from living.

The Cell Membrane’s Structure

_______________________________________: Like a border checkpoint – the cell membrane
allows some substances to enter to enter or leave, and stops other substances.
Ziploc bag –
Cloth bag –
Cell membrane –
The membrane contains a double layer of molecules
- __________________________ (water-fearing) molecules

- __________________________ (water-loving) molecules

What is a concentrated substance?

Concentration: determines the ________________________ of particles in a substance.

What is Diffusion?
Diffusion: a process that moves particles so that they are evenly distributed in a
substance.
Particles move from areas of ________________ concentration, spreading them out to
areas of _______________ concentration.

Diffusion helps with ______________________________ in and out of a cell.

Example: Amoeba CO2 Waste

____________________ concentration of CO2 on both sides of the cell membrane.
Amoeba concentration of CO2 particles become ____________________ inside the cell.
The particles _____________________ of the cell at faster rate than they move in.
____________________ levels of C02 inside and outside of cell.

Particle Theory + Diffusion

Particles that make up matter are never still. They are always moving.
In solids, particles _____________________________ but remain fixed.
In liquids and gasses, particles are constantly _______________________ in random
directions, bumping into each other, and eventually spreading out into areas where
there are fewer particles (__________________________).
An average cell has a diameter of 20-30μm (micrometre, one-thousandth of a
millimeter).
If this cell were placed in a solution with a concentration of oxygen that is higher than
the cell’s cytoplasm, the time required for diffusion to equalize the concentrations would
be about 3s at room temperature.
Cell Membrane: Osmosis
What is the most common substance found inside and around cells?

Importance of Water
It dissolves substances used in cell processes.
Less water = _______________ concentrated substance
More water =_______________ concentrated (diluted) substance
OSMOSIS: The ______________________ of water through a
____________________________________ membrane from a ______________ solution to a
_________________ solution.

Result: water moves from a solution with ________________ (diluted) water concentration to
one with ___________ water concentration.

Examples:

Terms:
Concentration
Semi-Permeable
Diffusion
Osmosis