The Great Divide

05/04
Why Would a Cell Divide?
 As cells absorb nutrients and get larger, the ______ of
the cell increases faster than the _______ ____

 This means that a cell can no longer _________ and

__________________ fast enough to support its demands
(volume)

 So what shall a cell do? DIVIDE !!!!

 Why Would a Cell Divide?
Besides growth a cell would also divide for:
 R_________ or R__________
 C________

Different cells divide at different rates:

 Most mammalian cells = ______ hours
 Some bacterial cells = _______ minutes
 Getting Older…
 All cells are only allowed to complete a certain
number of divisions
 Then they die (_________________________)

How does cell division change over a lifetime?

 Childhood =
 Adulthood =
 The Later Years =
 Cell Cycle Tidbits
How long is one cell cycle?
 Depends on the cell- skin cells = ~__ hours,
nerve cells = ______ after maturity, cancer
cells = _______
 Remember: every cell only has a certain # of
divisions it can undergo, then it dies =
_________ (programmed cell death)
The Cell Cycle
 Stages of the Cell Cycle
There are two stages to a cells life.
___________ (growth & replication of DNA)
____________ (division of cell into 2 daughter cells)

 Cell spends about

__% of the time
in interphase
 Interphase
 Divided into 3 phases:
 ____________ = small cell is absorbing nutrients,
growing & doing its job.
 ____________ = cell is continuing to grow &
duplicates its DNA.
 ____________ = cell keeps growing & doing its job.
 Mitosis: A Closer Look
DNA is all twisted up into a
Chromosome.

 During S phase the

Chromosomes are copied.
 2 complete identical sets of
chromosomes are formed.
 They are connected in the
middle by a ___________.
 A single copied chromosome
is called a __________.
 The Mitotic Phase
 Divided into 4 stages of Mitosis:
 Prophase
 Metaphase
 Anaphase
 Telophase

(+) PLUS
 Cytokinesis
 Prophase
 Chromatids ________ becoming
________.
 Nuclear membrane _________
 The _________(an organelle that
makes microtubules) appears
and _________ to opposite
sides.
 ______________ start to form
between them
 Metaphase
 Chromosomes
_______ on the
_______________
__________
 _________ are
attached to
spindle fibers
 Anaphase
 Spindle fibers _______
 Centromeres ______
 Sister chromatids are
_____ ______from each
other ________________
 Telophase

 The chromosomes
________________
 _______
___________ reform
around the 2 new
nuclei.
 Cytokinesis
 The cytoplasm is
distributed equally Animal Plant
between the 2 new cells
 In animals, a
___________ forms
from __________
 In plants, a ____
________ forms from
___________
What Mitosis Actually Looks Like

Interphase
Prophase Metaphase

Telophase
Anaphase
http://www.sci.sdsu.edu/multimedia/mitosis/mitosis_gif2.html
http://science.nhmccd.edu/biol/bio1int.htm
 What Happens After Mitosis?
 The cell returns
to ________
 Chromosomes
______ back
into ________
 The cycle
repeats itself
over & over…
 At What Stage Are Our Cells At In The Cell Cycle?

 Different cells can be

in different stages
 Interphase
 Mitosis:
 Prophase
 Metaphase
 Anaphase
 Telophase
 Cytokinesis
 The Guarantee
 The product of
mitosis is _______ Mother
cell
 The daughter cells
are _______ to each
other & to the mother
cell
Identical
daughter
Why is this so cells

important?
 The Daughter Cells
 In humans, the 2
daughter cells will have
____ chromosomes (___
pairs)
 Each chromosome is said
to have ____ _____ gene
sequence Identical
daughter
cells
 The Beauty of Asexual Reproduction

 Mitosis is a form
of ______ Mother
cell
___________
Runners produces by
 New individuals strawberries
are produced by
1 parent & thus, Identical
are identical to Budding by hydra & yeast
daughter
cells
their parent

Cuttings from plants