CELL GROWTH

&
REPRODUCTION
 The process by which a cell divides into two new daughter
CELL DIVISION cells is cell division

IMPORTANCE OF CELL DIVISION

Cell division is necessary for growth, reproduction and repair of an organism
 CELL CYCLE

The events are:

• Production of Reproductive Signals
• Duplication of genetic material and other vital components so that each cell after
division becomes complete and identical to each other
• Segregation of genetic material
• Cytokinesis
 DIFFERENT TYPES OF CELL DIVISION

• PROKARYOTIC CELL DIVISON - BINARY FISSION

• EUKARYOTIC CELL DIVISON - MITOSIS

MEIOSIS
 PROKARYOTIC CELL DIVISION
Cell wall Septum formation

All prokaryotes reproduce asexually by binary fission. Binary

fission is the splitting of a parent cell into two genetically
identical daughter cells
WHY DO EUKARYOTIC CELLS NEED TWO TYPES OF
CELL DIVISION
 DNA replication
DNA replication

Cell division

Cell division 2 daughter cells

Cell division

2 daughter cells 4 daughter cells

 EUKARYOTIC CELL DIVISION
Cell division in eukaryotes, like that in prokaryotes, involves
DNA replication, segregation and cytokinesis, but are much
more complicated.

A eukaryotic cell cycle is divided into

• Interphase: G1, S and G2 phase

• M phase: Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase,

Cytokinesis
 INTERPHASE

like for example synthesizes

microtubules that will help in
segregation of
chromosomes.
I PMAT C
MITOSIS
CYTOKINESIS IN PLANTS AND ANIMALS
MEIOSIS

Although, the nucleus divides twice

during meiosis, DNA is replicated only
once.
Meiosis occurs in two stages: Meiosis I and Meiosis II

Meiosis I

Chromosome number is halved

(Reduction Division)

Meiosis II
Chromosome number is maintained
(Equational division)
 Questions
1. Explain the process of binary fission in prokaryotes?
2. Explain the process of cell cycle in living organism?
3. Elaborate the interphase stage of cell cycle?
4. Explain mitosis? What are the different stages of mitosis and explain
their characteristic features?
5. How is the process of cytokinesis different in plants and animals?
6. Explain meiosis briefly.
7. What are the major difference between the process of mitosis and
meiosis?
8. What is the significance of mitosis and meiosis?