u nd e r t h e No r m a l C u r v e

Are a

Prepared by: Avegel a. pradilla

Objectives:
• Understand the main features and characteristics of
normal distributions and the standard normal
distribution.
• Understand what distinguishes the standard normal
distribution from normal distributions
• Calculate the z-score to determine the area under
curve
• Understand how to used the z-table to find the area
under curve.
Area under curve
• In solving the areas under curve, you need to compute for the z-score
equivalent of the values being considered in a problem in which the
mean is always having a z-score of zero. After getting the z-score
equivalent for each value, the area under the curve that corresponds to
the values considered can be seen in the z-table.
Z-score formula
•
THE Z TABLE
• THE OUTERMOST COLUMN AND ROW REPRESENT THE Z-VALUES.
• THE FIRST TWO DIGITS OF THE Z-VALUE ARE FOUND IN THE LEFTMOST COLUMN AND THE LAST
DIGIT (HUNDREDTH PLACE) IS FOUND ON THE FIRST ROW.
FOR EXAMPLE, THE Z-SCORE IS EQUAL TO 1.18, LOCATE THE FIRST TWO DIGITS 1.1 IN THE
LEFTMOST COLUMN AND THE LAST DIGIT,0.08 , CAN BE LOCATED IN THE FIRST ROW. THEN FIND
THEIR INTERSECTION WHICH GIVES THE CORRESPONDING AREA.

Therefore, given z = 1.85, the area is equal to 0.3810 or 38.10% .

Steps in finding the area under curve

∙ Solve the z-score using its formula

∙ Use the z-table to determine the area of the curve.
∙ Convert it to percentage
Example 1:
The average score of the 500 students who took the mathematics
department exam is 78 with a standard deviation of 11. Find the
percentage of the total students who scored from 50 to 78.
Step 1: solve the z-score using it’s formula
Given:
Mean= 78 Standard deviation= 11
Find the percentageof the total students who scored from 50 to 78.

Z= -2.55
 Step 2: use the z-table to determine the area of the
curve
• The z-score is equal to -2.55, locate the first two digits -2.5 in the leftmost column and the last
digit, .05, can be located in the first row. Then find their intersection which gives the
corresponding area.

By looking at the table, the area under the normal curve

with z-score of -2.85 is .4946. Therefore, the percentage
of the students who scored from 50 to 78 is 49.46%.
 To construct the normal curve, we will be going to locate the area to the left
part of the mean, since the z-score calculated is negative.
Example 2:
The average score of the 500 students who took the mathematics
departmental exam is 78 with standard deviation of 11. Find the
percentage of the total students who scored from 78 to 83.
Step 1: solve the z-score using it’s formula
Given:
Mean= 78 Standard deviation= 11
Find the percentageof the total students who scored from 78 to 83.

Z= 0.45
 Step 2: use the z-table to determine the area of the
curve
• The z-score is equal to 0.45, locate the first two digits 0.4 in the leftmost column and the last
digit, .05, can be located in the first row. Then find their intersection which gives the
corresponding area.

By looking at the table above, the area under the normal

curve with z-score of 0.45 is 0.1736. Therefore, the
percentage of the students who scored from 78-83 is 17.36%
 To construct the normal curve, we will be going to locate the area to the right
part of the mean, since the z-score calculated is positive.
Example 3:

The average score of the 500 students who took the college
departmental exam is 78 with standard deviation of 11. Find the
percentage of the total students who scored from 50 to 83.
Step 1: solve the z-score using it’s formula
Given:
Mean= 78 Standard deviation= 11
Find the percentageof the total students who scored from 50 to 83.

SOLVING THE Z-SCORE SOLVING THE Z-SCORE

EQUIVALENT OF 50. EQUIVALENT OF 83.

Z= -2.55 Z= 0.45
Step 2: use the z-table to determine the area of the
curve

By looking at the table, the area under the normal curve

with z-score of -2.85 is .4946. Therefore, the percentage
of the students who scored from 50 to 78 is 49.46%.
By looking at the table above, the area under the normal
curve with z-score of 0.45 is 0.1736. Therefore, the
percentage of the students who scored from 78-83 is 17.36%
After computing for the area of the curve of the z-score let’s add the
two area (area of the score equivalent to 50 and 83) to get the are
from 50 to 83.
Area from 50 to 83= 17.36 + 49.46
= 66.82%

Therefore, the percentage of the students who scored from 50 to 83 is 66.82%

 TO CONSTRUCT THE NORMAL CURVE IT IS FROM LEFT TO RIGHT SINCE THE
Z-SCORE OF THE SCORE EQUIVALENT TO 50 IS NEGATIVE WHILE THE SCORES
EQUIVALENT TO 83 IS POSITIVE THEREFORE IT IS FROM LEFT TO RIGHT.
 Example 4:

The average score of the 500 students who took the Mathematics
Departmental exam is 78 with a standard deviation of 11. Find the percentage of
the total students who scored from 50 to 68.
Step 1: solve the z-score using it’s formula

Given:
Mean= 78 Standard deviation= 11
Find the percentageof the total students who scored from 50 to 68.
SOLVING THE Z-SCORE SOLVING THE Z-SCORE
EQUIVALENT OF 50. EQUIVALENT OF 68.

Z= -2.55 Z= -1.36
Step 2: use the z-table to determine the area of the
curve
By looking at the table of the z-table we can find that the
area of the score equivalent to 50 with a z-score of -2.55
is 0.4946 or 49.46% while the z-score of 68 is 0.4131 or
41. 31 %.

Area from 50 to 68= 49.46%- 41.31%

= 8.15%
Therefore, the percentage of the students who scored from
50 to 68 is 8.15%
BELOW IS THE CONSTRUCTED NORMAL CURVE OF THE AREA.