1-Mixing spud mud?

 Water +soda ash +caustic soda

+bentonite
 ca < 400 mg/L , cl <2000 mg/L
2- What is corrected solids and solids
equation?
 Corrected solids : total solids –dissolved
salts
 Un corrected solids : retort solids ( total
solids in mud ).
 LGS : corrected solids in mud - HGS
 HGS : corrected solids – LGS (
weighting materials ).
 Drilled solids : total solids in mud – (
dissolved salts +weighting materials
+chemical additives ).
3- What is pilot test and when using it?
 Pilot test used for detect chemical
efficiency and chemical for treatment.
Put 350 ml water in batch mixer ( total
 volume of mixing ). We use gram
instead of ppb. We use ml by syringe
from lubricant instead of % divided by
350 ml.
4- Why use emulsfier?
 Substance that mix heterogeneous
phases to be one phase.
5- Why K is inhibitor ?
 Because K replace Na( Cation
exchange Capacity ) and enter between
enter layer and convert semictite to illitic
form which is non swellable.
 Note : K ion size is 2.6 A and enter
layer ion size is 2.8 A .
6- What is max salinity of Nacl, Calc2,
Kcl?
 Nacl190, 000 Calc2 355, 000
Kcl133,000
7- Why use Cacl2 instead of Nacl in OBM?
  Because Aw for Cacl2 is 0.4 , AW for
Nacl is 0.7. Saturation of Cacl2 is 355,
000 mg/lt and saturation of Nacl is 190,
000 mg /lt.
8-What is optimum value of LGS?
 4-6 ppb.
9- Why pump brine before pump coastal
pill?
 Because to decrease differential
pressure.
10- What is ECD?
 The mud weight during circulation @
bottom
 ECD= annular pressure loss/Tvd×0.052
+ mud weight.
11- If we drill by Nacl polymer mud in pay
zone Can we use Cacl2 brine?
 No, we use Nacl brine.
12- How to calculate TCT and what depend
on?
 Put 30 ml brine in flask inside ice box
until the first crystal appear in solution. It
depend on temperature and pressure.
13- What is mechanism of ES?
 It detect resistivity of mud for electricity.
 ES for diesel is 2000 volt that means it
needs 2000 volt to break bond and
connect with electricity.
 ES for water is zero that means it don't
need volt to break bond and connect
with electricity.
14- How to detect Fm size?
 By using particle distribution size& By
mesh screen , we detect bridging
material size.
15- Why use wetting agent?
 To make solids oil wetting, decrease
viscosity and separate drilled solids @
shaker.
16- What is effect of H2S on mud?
 Dark colour and decrease in PH and
corrosion for pipes.
17- What is source of carbonate?
 Formation, soda ash & sodium bi
carbonate.
18- What is max weight for KCL, Nacl,
Cacl2, Cabr2, Cacl2 /Cabr2, barite,
hematite, Marble?
 Kcl 74, Nacl 76, Cacl2 86, Cabr2 106,
Cacl2 /cabr2 112.
 Barite 149.6 ,marble 89.7 & hematite
187.
19- What is abbreviation of Pf, Mf, Pm?
 Pf : phenolphthalien of filterate
  Mf : methyle Orange of filterate
 Pm : phenol phthalien of mud.
20- What is relation between Fm&Hp?
 HP= FM+ SIDP
21-What is another test detect carbonate,
 Ca test detect carbonate, if Ca
decrease means carbonate increase.

22- Why use Hi weighted mud?

 Because Hi weighted mud push cutting
from low side, I need force not yp.
23- What is the fluid loss reducer using in
the reservoir?
 Flotrol.
24- Can you use kcl with all shale type?
 I can use kcl with montmorillonite, illite
and Mica, because it has sodium.
25- What is the type of shale?
 Shale types: Illite, chlorite, kaolinite,
sepiolite and montmorillonite.
26- How do you measure k from cl?
 K = 1.103 * cl .
27- What is the minimum size that
centrifuge can separate?
 Minimum size of solid can be removed
is 6 micron.