Excel as a Statistical Tool

Joy P. Ascaño

EDUKaravan
Cordillera Regional Science High School
Wangal, La Trinidad, Benguet

November 18, 2022

GOAL

I Review the different tools for data analysis.

I Utilize the Analysis ToolPak in Excel for data analysis

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Normal Curve with Mean µ (mu)

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Paranormal Curve with Mean µµ (mumu)

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Review: Presentation of Data & Central
Measures

Below are the final grades of the students in a Stat 101 class:

89 98 71 70 75 75 90 86 77 92 83 71 77

79 100 95 73 82 75 88 70 88 81 84 72 92 94 91
Do the following:
1. Arrange the data in an array.
2. Determine the mean, median, and mode.
3. Present the data in a graph

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Review: Testing the Difference Between Two
Means of Independent Samples

Below are the final grades of the students in a Stat 101 class:

F: 89 98 71 70 75 75 90 86 77 92 83 71 77

M: 79 100 95 73 82 75 88 70 88 81 84 72 92 94 91

Answer the following: Is there a significant difference between

the mean scores of the female students to male students? Use
α = 0.05 level of significance.

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Review: Testing the Difference Between Two
Means of Independent Samples

STEPS:
1. State H0 and H1 .
2. Find the critical value(s) from the t-table.1
3. Compute the test value.
4. Make the decision to reject or accept the null hypothesis.
5. Summarize the results.

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1
we will use a different formula for the degrees of freedom
Review: Testing the Difference Between Two
Means of Independent Samples

For this session, we will use the formula below for the degrees of
freedom.

(s21 /n1 + s22 /n2 )2

d.f. = (s21 /n1 )2 (s22 /n2 )2
n1 −1 + n2 −1

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Review: Testing the Difference Between Two
Means of Independent Samples
Figure : Critical values for t-distribution, right-tailed

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Analysis ToolPak is an Excel

The Analysis ToolPak is an add-in program in Excel that

provides data analysis tools.

To load the Analysis ToolPak add-in, execute the following

steps.
1. On the File tab, click Options.
2. Under Add-ins, select Analysis ToolPak and click on the Go
button.
3. Check Analysis ToolPak and click on OK.
4. On the Data tab, in the Analysis group, you can now click
on Data Analysis.

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EXERCISE

Listed below is the moisture content (by percent) for a random

samples of different fruits and vegetables. At the 0.05 level of
significance, can it be concluded that the moisture content of
fruits is less than the moisture content of vegetables?

Table : Moisture Content in Percent of Different Fruits and Vegetables

Fruits 86 75 72 88 87 79 92 84
Vegetables 85 91 88 89 95 96 92 95 94

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Review: One-Way ANOVA
The data below represents the yield of wheat in kilograms per
plot for 3 different types of wheat from 12 different plots.

Table : Yields of Wheat in Kilograms per Plot

Variety of Wheat
v1 v2 v3
64 72 74
55 57 47
59 66 58
58 57 53
236 252 232

Perform an analysis of variance to test if the varieties of wheat

causes the variation in the yields. Use α = 0.05 level of
significance.
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Review: One-Way ANOVA

Let k be number of classifications/groups, n1 , n2 , . . . , nk be the

number of sample sizes for each group, and N the sum of
sample sizes i.e. N = n1 + n2 + · · · + nk .

STEPS:
1. State
H0 : µ1 = µ2 = · · · = µk
H1 : at least two of the means are not equal.
2. Find the critical value(s) from the F -table with degrees of
freedom

d.f.N = k − 1, d.f.D = N − k

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Review: One-Way ANOVA
STEPS (cont):
3. Compute the test value by computing the following:
3.1 Find the mean and variance for each sample.
(X̄1 , s21 ), (X̄2 , s22 ), . . . , (X̄k , s2k )
3.2 Find the grand mean.
P
X
X̄GM =
N
3.3 Find the between-group variance.
ni (X̄i − X̄GM )2
P
s2B =
k−1
3.4 Find the within-group variance.
(ni − 1)s2i
P
s2w = P
(ni − 1)
3.5 Find the F -test value.
s2B
F =
s2W
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Review: One-Way ANOVA

STEPS (cont):
4. Make the decision to reject or accept the null hypothesis.
5. Summarize the results.

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EXERCISE

The data below represents the yield of wheat in kilograms per

plot for 4 different kinds of fertilizers used for 12 different plots.

Table : Yields of Wheat in Kilograms per Plot

Fertilizer Treatment
t1 t2 t3 t4
64 55 59 58
72 57 66 57
74 47 58 53
210 159 183 168

Perform an analysis of variance to test if the kinds of fertilizer

causes the variation in the yields. Use α = 0.05 level of
significance.
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T H A N K Y O U !

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