PROJECT iOF iAGRICULTURE iRELATED iLAWS

TOPIC: i- iNational ifood isecurity iAct, i2013

SUBMITTED iBY:- i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i
i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i iSUBMITTED iTO i:-

K. iDevKaran i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i
i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i iMr. iShashank iPathak i i i

iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii
i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i iASSISTANT iPROFESSOR iOF iLAW
B.A iLL.B i(HONS) iSEMESTER iIX i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i
i

ENROLLMENT iNO-: iBAL/044/18 i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i i

CONTENTS

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT………………………………………………………….…......3

CHAPTER- i1………………………………………………………………………….......4

TITLE iOF iRESEARCH iWORK……………………………………………………..........4

ABSTRACT………………………………………………………………..……………....4

AIMS iAND iOBJECTIVES i…………………………………………………………….....4

RESEARCH iQUESTIONS……………………………………………………………......4

SCOPE iAND iLIMITATION……………………………………………………………....4

MODE iOF iCITATION...............................................................................................4

CHAPTER- i2……………………………………………………………………….......5-7

INTRODUCTION......................................................................................................5

FOOD iSECURIITY iINN iINDIA………………………………………………….…….5-6

FS i& iCONSTITUTIONAL iPROVISIONS…………………………………………...…...7

CHAPTER-3……………………………………………………………….…….….....7-11

NATIONAL iFOOD iSECURITY iACT i,2013………………….……………………......7-9

WORKING iOF iPUBLIC iDISTRIUTION iSYSTEM……………………………........10-11

ANALYSIS…………………………………………………………………………..........11

iCHAPTER-4……………………………………………………………………….....11-13
CONCLUSION………………………………………………………………….…….......13

iBIBLIOGRAPHY i…………………………………………………………….…….…....14

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I iwould ilike ito iexpress imy ispecial ithanks iof igratitude ito iour iHon’ble iVice iChancellor
iProf. i i(Dr.) iV. iNagaraj isir iand imy isubject iteacher iMr. iShashank iPathak iwho igave ime
ithe igolden iopportunity ito iwork ion ithis igreat iand iwonderful iproject iof ithe isubject
iagriculture irelated ilaws ion itopic iNational ifood isecurity iact i2013 iand iits ionly ijust
ibecause iof ithis iproject iI igot ithe iopportunity ito iunderstand ihow ito ido ithe iresearch ion
ia itopic iand ihow ito icollect ithe idata iand ihow ito iarrange ithe idata iin ia iresearch.
Chapter-1

National ifood isecurity iAct, i2013

1. Abstract

The ineed ifor iachieving ifood isecurity iis ifelt isignificantly iin ithe irecent iyears idue ito
ienormous ipressure ifrom ithe iever-increasing ipopulation iin iIndia. iOwing ito ithe ichange iin
ipreferences iin icrop iproduction itechniques iover ia iperiod iof itime, iseveral inew ichallenges
idraw iattention ito ifood isecurity. iThis iarticle idiscusses ivarious ichallenges ito ifood
isecurity iin iIndia. iCritical ianalysis iis imade ion ichallenges ilike iclimate ichange, imismatch
ibetween iwater idemand iand iavailability iand iagricultural icrop ipricing iand iinsurance iand
inew itrends iin iglobalization. iThe ifinancial iimplications ilike idomestic isubsidy ion ifood,
itransparency iin iprocurement iand idistribution iof ifood, imitigating icorruption, ireaching ithe
iintended ibeneficiaries, iimpact iof ithe iAct ion iinflation iand iother imacroeconomic
iindicators ietc iraises imany iquestions iover iits isuccessful iimplementation iin iIndia.

2. Research iobjectives

The iresearcher ihas iundertaken ithis itopic ito ianalyze ithe ieffectiveness iof ithe ifood
isecurity iact i2013 iwhich iis irequired ifor iglobal isurvival iand iprogress iin ithe i21st icentury
iand iachieve inew iinsights ito iit. iThe imain iobjectives iof ithe ipresent istudy iare iunder ias
ifollows:-

1. iTo ifind iout ithe ichallenges/issues iwith irespect ito iNational ifood isecurity ilaw i2013.

2. iTo iprovide isuggestive imeasures iof iNational ifood isecurity iact i2013.

3. iTo ianalyze iright ito ifood ias ia ifundamental iright iin irespect ito iIndian iconstitution.

3. i i iResearch iQuestions
Q.1 iHow iis iidentification iof ipoor iand ineedy iin ithe ipublic idistribution isystem idone?

Q.2 iHow iis ifood isecurity irelated ito ifarm ibill iof i2020?

Q.3 iHow ischemes ilike iintegrated ichild idevelopment iservices ii.e. i(ICDS) iintegrated iin
ithe iNational ifood isecurity ilaw i2013?

4. iScope i& iLimitations

This iresearch ipaper iis iabout iNational ifood isecurity ilaw i2013.So ithe iscope iis ilimited ito
idomestic ilaws i& iunder ithe isubject imatter iof iFood isecurity iact i2013.

5. iMode iof icitation

This iresearch iproject ifollows iBlue iBook i20th iedition icitation istyle.

Chapter-2

Introduction

Every iindividual ihas ia ibasic inecessity iof ihaving ia inutritious imeal iin iorder ito isustain
ihimself. iFood iis ithe ibasic iphysiological ineed iwhich ievery iindividual istrives ito iattain.
iEven iMaslow's ihierarchy istates ithe isame. iPhysiological ineeds iof ifood, iwater, ishelter
iand irest iare iintrinsic ito isustain ilife. iwithout iattaining ithem, ian iindividual iwon't ibe
imotivated ito iattain ihigher ineeds. iFood iSecurity ias ia iconcept iemerged iin ithe imid-70s
iwhen ithere iwas ia iglobal ifood icrisis. iThe ifocus iwas iprimarily ito iensure ithe iavailability
iof ifood icrops, iwhich ithen iwidened iin ithe ieighties iand ientailed ithe idemand iand
iconsumption ipatterns iof ifood iin ithe i90s, iissues isuch ias ifood isafety ipreferences, ifood
isafety, inutrition iand idietary ineeds iwere ialso iincluded iin ithe iconcept iof iFood iSecurity
iFood isecurity iis ia isituation ithat iexists iwhen iall ipeople, iat iall itimes ihave iphysical
isocial iand ieconomic iaccess ito isufficient, isafe iand inutritious ifood ithat imeets itheir
idietary ineeds iand ifood ipreferences ifor ian iactive iand ihealthy ilife1.

Food iSecurity iin iIndia

1
iR. iRadhakrishna iand iK. iVenkata iReddy i,Food iSecurity iand inutrition: iVision i2020
With iIndia's irank iin ithe iGlobal iHunger iIndex, ifrom i97th iin ithe iyear i2016, i100th iin
ithe iyear i2017, i103rd iin ithe iyear i2018 iand ifinally i102nd iin ithe iyear i2019, iIndia ideals
iwith iserious ievils iof ihunger iand imalnourishment iwhich ifurther imakes ius iquestion ithe
ieffectiveness iof ia inumber iof imeasures iimplemented iby ithe iState.

Attaining iFood iSecurity iis ia iprime itask ifor ithe iGovernment iof iIndia, ias iit ideals iwith
iIndividual's iFundamental iRights. iIndia istill ito ia imajor iextent ipossesses ia irural icharacter
iand iagriculture iis ithe ibackbone iof iit. iAgricultural iand irural idevelopment ihave ialways
ibeen ia ipriority ifor ithe iState iin ipolicy iformulations ias iboth ifurther iguarantee ia istable
ifood isupply iand idistribution ichain iwhich ihelp ithe istate iattain ithe igoal iof ifood isecurity
iat ihousehold ilevel.

Poverty, iundernourishment, ihunger iand iunemployment, iboth, iat ithe irural iand iurban ilevel,
ihave ialways istood ias iobstacles iin ithe iwelfare iof ithe ipeople iand iattaining ifood isecurity.
iWith ithe iintroduction iof ithe iGreen iRevolution iin ithe i1960s, iIndia isaw ia iconsiderable
ichange iin ithe istate iof ifood isecurity. iIt iincreased ithe iagricultural iproduction iand ioutput
ilevels imanifold iand ireduced ithe ilevels iof ifood iinsecurity iand ipoverty iin ithe ination. iIt
ialso ipaved iway ifor ivarious iprogrammes iand ipolicies ito ihelp isustain iand iimprove ithe
ilevel iof ifood isecurity ilike iTargeted iPublic iDistribution iSchemes, iMid-Day iMeal
iScheme, iIntegrated iChild iDevelopment iServices iand iSchemes, iNational iRural
iEmployment iGuarantee iAct, iAnnapurna iSchemes, iAntyodaya iAnna iYojana iand iNational
iFood iSecurity iAct.

Food iSecurity iand iConstitutional iProvisions:

iThe iIndian iConstitution iguarantees ia iright ito ifood, iboth iofficially iand iimplicitly.
iExplicitly, iArticle i47 iof ithe iDirective iPrinciples iof iState iPolicy iestablishes ia istate iduty
ito iimprove ipublic ihealth iand iraise ithe ilevel iof inutrition iand iliving istandards. iIt
ideclares ithat iboosting ithe ilevel iof inutrition iand istandard iof ilife iof iits icitizens, ias iwell
ias iimproving ipublic ihealth, iare iamong ithe istate's iprimary iresponsibilities. iThe iright ito
ifood iand ifood isecurity iare inot iexplicitly istated iin iArticle i21 iof ithe iConstitution. iThe
iIndian iSupreme iCourt, ion ithe iother ihand, ihas ispecifically ideclared iin ia inumber iof
ijudgments ithat iArticle i21 iof ithe iConstitution ishould ibe iconstrued ias ia iright ito i"live
iwith ihuman idignity," iwhich iincludes ithe iright ito ifood iand iother ibasic
inecessities2.Furthermore, iArticle i39 iof ithe iIndian iConstitution, iwhich iis ipart iof ithe
iDirective ipolicy iof istate ipolicy, istates ithat ithe istate iis iobligated ito iestablish ipolicies
ithat iensure ian iequitable idistribution iof iresources iamong ithe ipeople3.

Indian iJudiciary iand ithe iRight ito iFood iand iSecurity: iIn ivarious icase ilaws, ithe
iSupreme iCourt iof iIndia ihas iacknowledged ithe iRight ito iFood iand iFood iSecurity. iIn ithe
icase iof iFrancis iCoralie iv. iAdministrator, iUnion iTerritory iof iDelhi4, iit iwas iheld ithat
iArticle i21 iof ithe iConstitution iguarantees ithe iright ito ilife, iwhich iincludes ithe iright ito
ilive iin idignity iand iwith ithe ibare iessentials iof ilife, iincluding iproper inutrition. iIn
iChameli iSingh iv. iState iof iUttar iPradesh5, iit iwas iheld ithat iin iany icivilized isociety, ithe
iright ito ilife ientails ithe iright ito isustenance ias iwell. iThe iSupreme iCourt iruled iin
iShantistar iBuilders iv. iNarayan iKhimalal iTotame6 ithat ithe iright ito ilife iincludes ithe iright
ito ieat.

Chapter-3

THE iNATIONAL iFOOD iSECURITY iACT, i2013

The iNational iFood iSecurity iAct, i2013 iwas ienacted iin iAugust i2013 iwith ithe iaim ito
iprovide inutritional iand idietary iprotection ito ipeople iand ito imake iavailable ithe iright
iquality iand iquantity iof ifood iat icheaper iprices, iprimarily ito ithe isuppressed iclasses
ithrough ithe imethod iof iPublic iDistribution isystem.

Under ithe iNational iFood iSecurity iAct, i2013, iboth ithe iCentre iand iState ihave itheir iown
iresponsibilities. iWhile ithe iCentre iis iresponsible ifor iallocation iof irequired ifood igrains ito
iStates iand iUnion iTerritories, itransportation iof ifood igrains iup ito idesignated idepots iin
ieach iState iand iUT iand iproviding icentral iassistance ito iStates iand iUTS ifor idelivery iof
ifood igrains ifrom idesignated iFood iCorporation iof iIndia igo-downs ito ithe idoorstep iof ithe
iFair iPrice iShops, ithe iStates iand iUTS iare iresponsible ifor ieffective iimplementation iof
ithe iAct, iwhich iinter-alia iincludes iidentification iof ieligible ihouseholds, iissuing iration
2
iSanjeeve iGowda iG. iS. i“Right ito iFood iin iIndia: iA iConstitutional iPerspective” i3 i(2) iInternational iJournal
iof iLaw iand iLegal iJurisprudence iStudies i34 i(2016).
3
iArticle i39, iConstitution iof iIndia
4
iAIR i1981 iSC i746.
5
i(1996) i2 iSCC i549.
6
i(1990) i1 iSCC i520.
icards ito ithem, idistribution iof ifood igrain ientitlements ito ieligible ihouseholds ithrough ifair
iprice ishops, iissuance iof ilicenses ito iFair iPrice iShop idealers iand itheir imonitoring,
isetting iup ieffective igrievance iredressal imechanism iand inecessary istrengthening iof
iTargeted iPublic iDistribution isystem7.

Working iof ithe iPublic iDistribution iSystem8

Identification iof ipoor iand ineedy: iThe icentral igovernment iand istates iuse ia isystematic
iprocedure ito iidentify ieligible iBPL ihouseholds. iThe iAAY iinitiative iwas ilaunched iin
iDecember i2000 ifor ithe iweakest iBPL ihouseholds. iIndividuals iwho ifall iinto ione iof ithe
ifollowing ipreference icategories iare ieligible ifor ian iAAY icard: i(i) ilandless iagricultural
iworkers, i(ii) imarginal ifarmers, i(iii) irural iartisans/craftsmen, i(iv) islum idwellers, i(vi)
idestitute, i(vii) ihouseholds iheaded iby iwidows ior iterminally iill ipeople, idisabled ipeople,
iand ipeople iaged i60 iand iup.

Procurement iof iFood iGrains: iFarmers iare ipaid ia iminimum isupport iprice i(MSP) ifor
itheir ifood igrains, iwhich iis ithen ioffered ito istates iat icentral ideclared iprices. iIt iis
iresponsible ifor itransporting igrains ito ithe igo idowns iin ieach iprovince. iThe istates iare
iresponsible ifor itransporting ifood igrains ifrom ithese igodowns ito ifair iprice istores i(ration
ishop). iFCI iis iresponsible ifor i(i) iprocuring igrains iat iMSP ifrom ifarmers, i(ii) imaintaining
iworking iand ibuffer istocks iof igrains ito iensure ifood isecurity, i(iii) iallocating igrains ito
istates, i(iv) idistributing iand ishipping igrains ito istate idepots, iand i(v) iselling igrains ito
istates iat ithe icentral iissue iprice ito ibe ipassed ion ito ibeneficiaries. 9 i

7
iMs. iEritriya iRoy, iFood iSecurity iand iSustainable iRural iDevelopment: iThe iChhattisgarh iExperience,
iInternational iJournal iof iHumanities i& iSocial iScience iStudies i(IJHSSS), iA iPeer iReviewed iBi-monthly iBi-
lingual iResearch iJournal iISSN: i2349-6959 i(Online), iISSN: i2349-6711 i(Print) iVolume-III, iIssue-II,
iSeptember i2016, iPage iNo. i74-79 ihttp://www.ijhsss.com/.
8
ihttps://nfsa.gov.in/public/nfsadashboard/PublicRCDashboard.aspx
9
iVikram iPathania, iand iSharad iTandon, iThe iImpacts iof iReforms ito ithe iPublic iDistribution iSystem iin
iIndia's iChhattisgarh ion iFood iSecurity, iPrasad iKrishnamurthy, iUnited iStates iDepartment iof iAgriculture
ihttps://www.usda.gov/
Issue iof iration icards ito ipoor ipeople: iState igovernments iprovide iexclusive iration icards
ito ibelow ithe ipoverty iline, iand iAntyodaya ifamilies ito ipurchase ibasic iproducts ifrom ifair
iprice ishops, iand icheck iand ivalidate iration iCards ion ia iregular ibasis.

Storage: iThe ifood igrains iprocured ifor ithe iplanned ipublic idistribution ischeme iand iother
icontingencies iare istored iin ithe icentral ipool istorage. iThe iFood iCorporation iof iIndia iis
ithe imain igovernment iagency iin icharge iof ithe icentral ipool’s ifood igrain ipreservation.
iAllocation iof ifood igrains ito istates: iFood igrains iare iallocated ito istate igovernments ifor
isale ito iBPL, iAAY, iand iAPL ihouseholds ifrom ithe icentral ipool. iThe inumber iof
ihouseholds imentioned iis iused ito idetermine ihow imuch iresources igoes ito iBPL iand iAAY
isocieties.Transportation i iof ifood igrains ito iall iFair iprice ishops: i“Food igrains iand
iother igoods iare iusually itransported iby iroads iand irail. iFood igrains iare idistributed iand
ispread iover ishort idistances iby imeans iof iroads iand iby irailways iover ilong idistances”.

Fair iprice ishop i(Ration iShops): iFair iPrice iShops i(FPS) iare igenerally ireferred ito ias
iration istores. iThese icentre’s isupply iconsumers iwith ia iRation iCard, iwhich ihelps ithem ito
icollect ifood igrains. iRation iShops ihave ibeen igiven ipermission iby ithe istate igovernment
ito imarket ifood igrains iat ia idiscounted iprice.

Salient ifeatures iof ithe iNational iFood iSecurity iAct i2013

 National iFood iSecurity iAct, i2013 icovers iup ito i75% iof ithe irural ipopulation iand
i50% iof ithe iurban ipopulation iunder iAntyodaya iAnna iYojana i(AAY) iand ipriority
ihouseholds. iWhile iAntyodaya iAnna iYojana ihouseholds, iwhich iconstitute ithe ipoorest
iof ithe ipoor iare ientitled ito i35 ikg iof ifood igrains iper ifamily iper imonth, ipriority
ihouseholds iare ientitled ito i5 ikg iper iperson iper imonth10. i
 Pregnant iand ilactating iwomen i(upto i6 imonths) iare ientitled ifree imeals iand ialso
imaternity irelief iof iRs. i600011.

10
iAviral iPandey,”Food isecurity iin iIndia i& istates”: ikey ichallenges iand ipolicy ioption, iJournal iof iAgricultural
iEconomics iand irural idevelopment. i
11
iSection i4(b), iThe iNational ifood isecurity iAct, i2013.
 Children ibetween ithe iage igroup i6 imonths ito i6 iyears iare iprovided ifree imeals iand
icare ithrough iAnganwadi i(a iGovernment iorganization) iand ifor ichildren iaged ibetween
i6-14 iyears iMid-Day iMeal iScheme iprovides ithem iwith imid-day imeals iand ieducation
itoo12.
 The iAct ialso iprovides ia itwo ilevel igrievance iredressal imechanism iat iDistrict iand
iState ilevel irespectively ithat iis iDistrict iGrievance iredressal iOfficer i(DGRO) iand
iState iFood iCommission13.
 Either ithe ioldest iwoman iof ithe ihousehold ior iwoman iof i18 iyears iof iabove ishould
ibe iconsidered ithe ihead iof ithe ihousehold iand iwould ibe iissued iwith ithe iration icard.
iThis istep iaims iof iempowering iwomen14.
 Provision ifor ipenalty ion ian iauthority ior ipublic iservant ito ibe iimposed iby ithe istate
ifood iCommission iin icase iof ifailure iof icompliance iwith ithe irelief irecommended iby
ithe idistrict igrievance iredressal iofficer15.

Analysis iof ithe iNational ifood ifor isecurity iact,2013

The inational ifood isecurity iact i2013 isuffers ifrom ivaried iissues

The iAct ifundamentally italks iabout ihunger iand iits ieradication, ibut ifails ito itake iinto
iaccount ithe ievils iof iunder inutrition iand ieradication iof ithe isame. iThough ithe iAct's
iprimary ifocus iis ito iresolve ihunger ithrough ithe iPublic iDistribution iSystem, iindividual's
inutritional iwell-being iform ia icorollary ito iit. iMalnutrition iis ia imajor iproblem ifaced iin
iIndia iwhich ican't ibe isolved imerely ithrough iestablishing ia iPDS isystem, ibesides iensuring
isupply iof ifood, imeasures irelated ito isanitation, ihealthcare iand iwater iform ian iimportant
iaspect iof ithe ispectrum. iThus ithe iAct ishould istrive ito iinclude iboth, iRight ito iFood ias
iwell ias iRight ito iNutrition.

The iprovision iof isufficient inutrition ishould inot ionly ientail ichildren ibut ialso ipregnant
iand ilactating iwomen, ias inutrition iconditions iavailable ito imothers iaffect ithe inutritional

12
iSection i5(1), iThe iNational ifood isecurity iAct, i2013.
13
iSection i15(1), iThe iNational ifood isecurity iAct, i2013.
14
iSection i13(1), iThe iNational ifood isecurity iAct,2013.
15
iSection i33, iThe iNational ifood isecurity iAct,2013.
icondition iin ichildren. iThus, inutritional isecurity ishould've ibeen iincorporated iin ithe isaid
iAct. iAlso, ithe iAct ishould iprioritize imothers iand ichildren ito iprovide ibenefits ito ireduce
ithe ichances iof imalnutrition iat iearly istages.The ibenefits iof iAnganwadis iare inot iyet
ireaching imany iareas iand itheir icoverage iin imany iareas iare ipoor. iIt iis ia ichallenge ito
isee ihow ithe ibenefits iof ithe iAct iwould ibe ireaped iwithout isufficient imeans.

The iAct ialso ifaced iopposition iby ithe iFarmer's iUnion, icontending ithat ithe iAct iwould
inationalize iagriculture, imaking ithe iGovernment ibuy, isell iand ihoard ithe imajority iof
iagricultural iproduction. iFurther, iit iwould ireduce ifamers ibargaining icapacity iand
iminimize ithe isupport iextended ito imarginal iand ismall ifarmers. iThe iinfrastructural,
ienvironmental, icredit iand iother ineeds iof imarginal ifarmers iis ioverlooked iand ithe iAct
idoesn't ihave ia iprovision ifor ithe isame.

The iAct iallows iprivate ientities iin ithe isupply ichain, iwhich iallows ia iroom ifor iprofit
imaking iand iunfair. itrade ipractices. iThe ileakages iand icorrupt ipractices iin ithe iPDS iand
isupply ichain ialso istand ias ian iobstacle ifor iefficient ifunctioning iof ithe iAct. iThus, iPDS
ishould ibe idecentralized ito iavoid ilonger isupply ichains iand iincrease ithe iefficiency.

While ithe iIndian iCouncil ifor iMedical iResearch irecommends ithat ian iadult irequires i14kg
iof ifood igrains iper imonth iand ichildren i7kg; ithe ibill iprovides ientitlements ito i5kg iper
iperson iper imonth, ithus iensuring ionly i166g iof icereal iper iperson iper iday. iAlso, ithe ibill
iprovides ionly ifor icereals iwith ino ientitlements ito ibasic ifood inecessities isuch ias ipulses
iand iedible ioil irequired ito icombat imalnutrition.16

Food iSecurity iin icontext iof ithe iFarm iBill, i2020 i

It iis ifeared ithat ias ithere iwill ibe ino igovernment iregulations iand ibar ion istockpiling, ithe
imarket iforce iwill imanipulate ieverything iincluding ithe igovernment iprocurement. iThe
ithree ifarm ibills ipassed iby ithe iParliament iwill ihave ian iadverse iimpact ion ithe ipublic
idistribution isystem i(PDS) iin ithe ilong irun iby iending iassured iprocurement iat ithe
iminimum isupport iprice i(MSP).However, ithere ihas ibeen ino idirective igiven iby ithe

16
iShweta iSaini, iAshok iGulati iNational iFood iSecurity iAct i(NFSA) i2013- iChallenges, iBuffer iStocking iand
ithe iWay iForward, iIndian iCouncil ifor iResearch ion iInternational iEconomic iRelations i.
igovernment ito ilift iprocurement ipolicy ior ithe iPDS ias iof inow. iAccording ito ithe
iProcurement iPolicy, ithe iFood iCorporation iof iIndia iwould icontinue ito ioperate ias ibefore
iand ibuy ifood igrains ifrom ithe ifarmers iat ithe iMSP. iThis imove iis isaid ito iincrease ifood
isecurity iby ieliminating ithe idangerous imiddlemen, ifacilitating ibetter irealizations ifor
ifarmers, iattracting iinvestment, iand ienhancing itechnology iin ithe isector.

Suggestions ifor iEnsuring iFood iSecurity iand ithe iRight ito iFood: iFor ibetter
isafeguarding ithe iright ito ifood iand ifood isecurity ithere iare ia inumber iof iproposals
ithat ican ibe iadopted iand iimplemented

 There ihas ito ibe ia istronger ifocus ion iunderstanding iand ienhancing iknowledge itransfer
iamong irural ifarmers. iSo ithat ifood iproduction idoes inot igo ito iwaste, iproper istorage
ifacilities ishould ibe imade iavailable.
 iIncreasing iland iproductivity ithrough ithe iapplication iof imodern itechnology. i
 iImproving icoordination ibetween idifferent igovernment isectors iand iother istakeholders
iby istrengthening ithe inational iand iinstitutional iframework. i
 Efforts iby ithe irelevant ihealth iagencies iand iauthorities ito iinitiate iand imonitor ithe
iefficient ioperation iof inutrition-related iprogrammes. i
 People's icapacity ito iacquire ifood iof iacceptable iquality ishould ibe iincreased, iand ithere
ishould ibe ino iimpediments ito ifood iaccess. i
 The idevelopment iof ithe iagricultural ibanking isector iand ithe ielimination iof ithe
isector's imiddlemen. i
 Increasing ithe isize iof ifarms iand iproviding isecurity ito ifarmers
 iIncreased iaccess ito ieducation iand ijob ipossibilities, iparticularly iamong irural iresidents
i
 iFood idistribution iis imade imore iefficient iby iassuring ithe ieffectiveness iof ithe ipublic
idistribution isystem. i
 iFood isecurity ialone iwill ihelp ito ireduce ihunger, ibut iit iwill inot ieliminate
imalnutrition ior ihave ia isignificant iimpact ion inutrition istatus iif iother ifactors isuch ias
iadequate idrinking iwater iand ihealth icare iare inot iincluded.
 Chapter i-4

CONCLUSION

The ipaper ihas iattempted ito ianalyze ithe istate iof ifood isecurity iin iIndia, iby ianalyzing ithe
iavailable iliterature ion ithe iNational iFood iSecurity iAct, i2013. iIt iattempts ito ishowcase
ithe ifeatures iand iloopholes iof ithe isaid iAct iand ihas isuggested iways ito icombat ithem.
iThe iNational iFood iSecurity iAct, i2013 iis ian iimportant imeasure ito itackle ithe iproblem
iof ifood iinsecurity iand ihunger iin ithe icountry ibut iit ishould inot ibe ithe ionly imeasure. iIt
ineeds irestructuring iand iincorporation iof inew ichanges iat ivarious iareas ifor iattainment iof
iits igoal. iEffective iimplementation iof ithe iAct idepends iupon ithe iactivities iof ithe iStates
iprimarily iand ithen ithe iCentre. iEnsuring ifood iquantity ishould inot ibe ithe ionly igoal, ithe
iquality iof ifood ialso imatters ias iit ileads ito isatisfaction iof inutritional ineeds iof ian
iindividual. iFood iand inutrition isecurity iis iattained, iwould ifurther iensure ieconomic
iprogress iof ithe icountry ias iit iwould ilead ito ihuman iresource icapital iformation. iFood
isecurity icannot ibe iachieved imerely iby iActs iand ipolicies iof ihunger ieradication. iIt ican
ibe iachieved ionly iif iit iworks iin iharmony iwith ithe ipolicies iof iagriculture, ipoverty,
iunemployment, iwomen iand ichild iempowerment iand isocial isecurity.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

Bare iAct

 National ifood isecurity iact, i2013.

Websites

 Government iof iIndia,Department iof ifood iand ipublic idistribution, iresponsibilities

iunder iNFSA, ihttps://dfpd.gov.in/pds-runfsa.htm.
 The iState iof iFood iInsecurity, i2001, ihttp://www.fao.org/3/y4671e/y4671e06.htm.

 India's..food..security..bill:..an..inadequate..remedy?;Ravi..S.Jha
i,https://www.theguardian.com/global-development-professionals
network/2013/jul/15/india-food-security-bil