Geometry: Quadrilaterals

ProcrastiNote: A School Simplified Organization

Last Updated: January 30, 2022

Contents

1 Vocabulary 2

2 Polygon Angle-Sum Theorems 2

2.0.1 Example . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

3 Properties of Parallelograms 3

3.1 A Quadrilateral is a Parallelogram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

4 Properties of Rhombuses, Rectangles, and Squares 4

4.1 Rhombus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

4.2 Rectangles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

4.3 Squares . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

5 Trapezoids and Kites 5

5.1 Trapezoids . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

5.1.1 Isosceles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

5.1.2 Non isosceles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

5.1.3 Midsegments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

5.2 Kites . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

A Credits 7

A.1 Contributions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

A.2 External Sources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

A.3 Image Credits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

B Extra Resources 7
Geometry Quadrilaterals

1 Vocabulary

• An equilateral polygon is a polygon with all sides congruent.

• An equiangular polygon is a polygon with all angles congruent.

• A regular polygon is a polygon that is both equilateral and equiangular. To find the measure of interior an-
gles, divide the sum of interior angles by the number of sides.

• Consecutive angles of a polygon share a common side.

• Opposite angles of a quadrilateral are two angles that don’t share a side.

• Opposite sides of a quadrilateral are two sides that don’t share a vertex.

• A parallelogram is a quadrilateral with two pairs of parallel sides.

• A rectangle is a parallelogram with four right angles.

• A rhombus is a parallelogram with four congruent sides.

• A square is a parallelogram with four congruent sides and four right angles.

2 Polygon Angle-Sum Theorems

A polygon is a closed shape with straight edges and at least three sides. It has no curves and isn’t open!

The interior angles sum is the sum of degrees in any polygon that’s determined by the number of triangles that
can be drawn within the polygon.
Polygon Angle-Sum Theorem

The sum of the measures of the interior angles of an n-gon is (n-2)180.

Corollary to the Polygon Angle-Sum Theorem

(n−2)180
The measure of each interior angle of a regular n-gon is a n .

Polygon Exterior Angle-Sum Theorem

The sum of the measures of the exterior angles of a polygon, one at each vertex, is 360. For a hexagon,
m<1+m<2+m<3+m<4+m<5+m<6=720.

A triangle has three sides, one triangle, and an interior angle sum of 180 degrees.

A quadrilateral has four sides, two triangles, and an interior angle sum of 360 degrees.

A pentagon has five sides with three triangles, and an interior angle sum of 540 degrees.

A hexagon has six sides, four triangles, and an interior angle sum of 720 degrees.

A heptagon has seven sides, five triangles, and an interior angle sum of 900 degrees.

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Geometry Quadrilaterals

An octagon has eight sides, six triangles, and an interior angle sum of 1080.

A nonagon has nine sides, seven triangles, and an interior angle sum of 1260 degrees.

A decagon has 10 sides, eight triangles, and an interior angle sum of 1440 degrees.

2.0.1 Example

Find the measure of an interior angle of a regular 20-gon.

(n−2)180
1. Corollary to the Polygon Angle-Sum Theorem: 2

2. Substitute
(20−2)180
20

3. Simplify
(18)180
20

4. Answer

162

3 Properties of Parallelograms

A parallelogram is a quadrilateral with two pairs of parallel sides. In quadrilaterals, opposite sides don’t share a
vertex and opposite angles don’t share a side. Angles of a polygon that share a side are consecutive angles.

• Opposite sides are congruent

• Opposite sides are parallel

• Opposite angles are equal

• Same side interior/consecutive angles are supplementary

• Diagonals bisect each other

3.1 A Quadrilateral is a Parallelogram

A quadrilateral is a parallelogram if any one of the following properties is true:

• Both pairs of opposite sides are parallel or congruent.

• Both pairs of opposite sides are congruent.

• Consecutive angles are supplementary.

• The diagonals bisect each other

• One pair of opposite sides is both congruent and parallel.

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Geometry Quadrilaterals

4 Properties of Rhombuses, Rectangles, and Squares

4.1 Rhombus

If a parallelogram is a rhombus, then...

• Opposite sides are congruent

• Opposite sides are parallel

• Opposite angles are equal

• Same side interior/consecutive angles are supplementary

• Diagonals bisect each other

– all four sides are congruent

– diagonals are perpendicular

– diagonals bisect opposite angles

Conditions

If a quadrilateral is a parallelogram with a diagonal that bisects two angles of the parallelogram, then it’s a
rhombus. If a quadrilateral is a parallelogram with perpendicular diagonals, then it is a rhombus.

4.2 Rectangles

If a parallelogram is a rectangle, then...

• Opposite sides are congruent

• Opposite sides are parallel

• Opposite angles are equal

• Same side interior/consecutive angles are supplementary

• Diagonals bisect each other

– All four angles are right angles

– Diagonals are congruent

Conditions

If a quadrilateral is a parallelogram with congruent diagonals, then it is a rectangle.

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Geometry Quadrilaterals

4.3 Squares

If a parallelogram is a square, then..

• Has ALL the properties of a parallelogram, rectangle, and rhombus.

• 10 properties total

Conditions

If a quadrilateral is a parallelogram with perpendicular, congruent diagonals, then it is a square.

5 Trapezoids and Kites

5.1 Trapezoids

Trapezoids are quadrilaterals with one pair of parallel sides called bases. The nonparallel sides are called legs.
The two angles that are located in the bases of the trapezoid are called base angles.

5.1.1 Isosceles

An isosceles trapezoid has legs that are congruent.

• Non parallel sides

• Legs are congruent

• Diagonals are congruent

• Base angles are congruent

• Opposite angles are supplementary

5.1.2 Non isosceles

Non isosceles trapezoids don’t have congruent legs.

• Consecutive angles between the two parallel lines are supplementary

• Pair or parallel sides

5.1.3 Midsegments

A midsegment joins the midpoints of the legs.

Trapezoid Midsegment Theorem

The midsegment is parallel to the bases and is half the sum of the base lengths.

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Geometry Quadrilaterals

5.2 Kites

A kite us a quadrilateral with two parts of consecutive sides congruent and has no opposite sides that are con-
gruent.
Theorem

If a quadrilateral is a kite, then its diagonals are perpendicular.

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Geometry Quadrilaterals

Appendices

A Credits

A.1 Contributions

• Drafted by Emily Ramirez

• Contributions by:

A.2 External Sources

A.3 Image Credits

• Clock: Veronica Cruz

B Extra Resources

• All resources mentioned retain the same licensing as the original creators intended. The ProcrastiNote
Team has checked every single one of these to make sure that our usage of their materials remains within
the legal realm. If you are the owner of these materials and you believe there is a mistake in our citations,
please contact us at official.procrastinote@gmail.com. Thanks!